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Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 Tentang Hak CiptaLingkup Hak CiptaPasal 21. Hak Cipta merupakan hak eksklusif bagi Pencipta atau Pemegang Hak Cipta untuk mengumumkan
atau memperbanyak Ciptaannya, yang timbul secara otomatis setelah suatu ciptaan dilahirkan tanpa mengurangi pembatasan menurut peraturan perundangan-undangan yang berlaku.
Ketentuan PidanaPasal 721. Barang siapa dengan sengaja melanggar dan tanpa hak melakukan perbuatan sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam Pasal 2 Ayat (1) atau Pasal 49 Ayat (1) dan Ayat (2) dipidana dengan penjara masing-masing paling singkat 1 (satu) bulan dan/atau denda paling sedikit Rp. 1.000.000,00 (satu juta rupiah), atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tujuh) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp. 5.000.000,00 (lima juta rupiah).
2. Barang siapa dengan sengaja menyiarkan, memamerkan, mengedarkan atau menjual kepada umum suatu ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran hak cipta atau hak terbit sebagai dimaksud pada Ayat (1) dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/atau paling banyak Rp. 500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah).
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PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS BOOK
The Second International Conference of Indigenous and Cultural Psychology
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY PRESS
2011
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PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS BOOKThe Second International Conference of Indigenous and Cultural Psychology
Editor :Prof. Uichol Kim, Ph.D
Drs. Supriyadi, MSYohanes K. Herdiyanto, MA
David Hizkia Tobing, MA
Design Sampul :Slamet Melda
PT. MGU
Foto Cover :Google
http://www.balipartners.com/barong_dance_kintamani.php
Layout :Slamet Melda
PT. MGU
Diterbitkan oleh :Udayana University Press
Kampus Universitas Udayana DenpasarJl. P.B. Sudirman, Denpasar – Bali, Telp. 0361 9173067, 255128
Fax. 0361 255128Email: [email protected] Website: http://penerbit.unud.ac.id
Committee the Second International Conference of Indigenous and Cultural PsychologyDenpasar – Bali, Indonesia
21-23 Desember 2011Email: [email protected] Website: http://icicp2011.unud.ac.id
dengan
Prodi Psikologi FK UnudJl. P.B. Sudirman, Denpasar – Bali, Telp. 0361 262275
Edisi Pertama :2011, 468 hlm. 15 x 21 cmISBN 978-602-9042-57-3
Hak Cipta Pada Penulis.Hak Cipta Dilindungi Undang-Undang :
Dilarang mengutip atau memperbanyak sebagian atau seluruh isi buku ini tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit.
V
INTRODUCTION
Recent researches indicate that national and personal wealth and happiness are not always positively correlated. It is true that people who are rich and who live in economically developed nations (e.g., Finland, France, and Singapore) reported being happy, and people who are living in relatively poor countries reported being unhappy (e.g., Cambodia, Kenya, and Poland). However, many people in economically developed nations reported being relatively unhappy (e.g., Japan, Norway, and United States) and people who live in poor countries reported being happy (e.g., Bhutan, China, and Indonesia). These results indicate financial resources may be necessary for happiness but are not sufficient to make people happy, healthy and have a high quality of life. The goal of the Second International Conference of Indigenous and Cultural Psychology is to understand factors that promote happiness, health and quality of life. The second goal is to examine how human thoughts, emotions and actions in local, cultural and global context promote happiness, health and quality of life. The third goal is to examine the role of agency, intentions and goals in explaining happiness, health and quality of life. The fourth goal is to integrate arts and humanities with social sciences to understand happiness, health and quality of life. The fifth goal is to contribute to development of psychological knowledge that is relevant, useful and universal. Bali, Indonesia is ideally suited to host the Second International Conference of Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, with its diverse cultures, religions and way of life. Bali represents an example of people living in harmony. Indigenous way of life is dominant and culture provides a basis for promoting happiness, health and quality of life.
The conference will cover the following topics promoting happiness, health and quality of life:1. Research on happiness, subjective well-being and quality of life.2. Role of emotion in our life and emotional disorder. 3. Stress, coping with disaster, severe illness and trauma. 4. Self, relationship and community in promoting health human development5. Occupational stress, satisfaction and job performance.6. Integration of indigenous and cultural psychology with medicine. 7. Diagnosis, counseling and treatment: Indigenous, cultural and universal perspectives.8. Primary prevention, community intervention and promoting healthy lifestyle.
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9. Education and health promotion. 10. Linkages of art, music, and humanities with scientific understanding of health.
Around 40 symposia (219 oral presentation) and 80 posters presentation will be presented during the conference. Around 300 participant from 20 countries joint the conference. The goal is to map our own features and strength which will help us to understand people in their context and to improve factors Promoting Happiness, Health and Quality of Life.
Scientific and organizing committee 2nd ICICP 2011Department of Psychology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of UdayanaDenpasar, Bali-Indonesia.
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BOOK OF CONTENTS
Introduction .............................................................................................................. VLetter of Welcome1. Message from Rector of Udayana University ...................................................... 12. Message from Dean of Faculty Of Medicine ........................................................ 33. Message from Chairman 2nd ICICIP Committee ................................................... 5
The Conference Organization ................................................................................... 7Overall Program ........................................................................................................ 17General Information for conference participants ..................................................... 55Book of abstracts ...................................................................................................... 62
Keynotes Address 1: ................................................................................................. 62a. Individualism vs Relationalism: Why we need a scientific revolution for the progress
of indigenous (Kwang-Kuo Hwang – Taiwan) ...................................................... 62b. Facet of well-being in Indonesia (Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................. 63c. Self esteem and modesty: An indigenous perspective (Susumu Yamaguchi – Japan) ............................................................................................................................ 64d. The Psychology of Nations (Margret Rueffler – Germany) .................................. 65
Keynotes Address 2: ................................................................................................. 66a. Stress Management of Multiethnic Women In Rural Areas: The Effectiveness of The
Stress Training Modules (Rosnah Ismail – Malaysia) ........................................... 66b. Biopsychological approach to stress and health: Recent advances (Akira Tsuda –
Japan) .................................................................................................................. 67c. Reducing Educational Disparities through Primary Prevention Efforts: A Model of Urban School Reform (Nadia Ward – USA) ...................................... 68d. What makes people happy, healthy and living long? Indigenous, psychological and
cultural analysis (Uichol Kim – Korea) ................................................................. 69
Invited Symposium E-1: USA ..................................................................................... 71a. Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery (Jorge Wong – USA) ............................................................................................ 71b. Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery (Sarita Kohli – USA) ............................................................................................. 71
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c. Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery (Kao Saechao – USA) ........................................................................................... 71
Invited Symposium E-2: JAPAN ................................................................................. 72a. Association between the eating behavior and a chronic stress as indexed by
allostatic load in healthy young men (Gohichi Tanaka, Hisayoshi OKAMURA, Yuichi KATO, Masami Horiguchi, Haruko OGASAWARA, & A. Tsuda – Japan) ................ 72
b. The association between sleeping time and Psychobiological Stress Responses Induced by Mental Stress Testing (Okamura Hisayoshi, Tsuda Akira, & YAJIMA Jumpei – Japan) .................................................................................................. 73
c. The Perceived Well-being contributes to the Stress-Management Behavior: The effect of Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based Intervention onto Japanese University Students (Yoshiyuki Tanaka & Akira Tsuda – Japan) ........................... 74
d. Comprehensive strategy for managing metabolic syndrome ~An unique application of transtheoretical model~ (George Koike – Japan) ............................................ 75
Invited Symposium G-1: University of Gadjah Mada, Indonesia .............................. 76a. Identifying the Dynamics of Indonesian’s Distrust to Strangers: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Annisa Deviandaru
Tilottama, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................................................. 76b. Identification of Indonesian Politician’s Untrustworthiness and Political Apathy from
the Grass-Root Perspective (Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Annisa Deviandaru Tilottama, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................................................................... 77
c. Trustworthiness in Trusting Parents among Adolescent: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Ardian Praptomojati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo,
Difa Ardiyanti, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ....................................................... 78d. Identification of the Teachers’ Trustworthiness for Senior High School Students in
Yogyakarta: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Lusiana Yashinta Ellysa Putri, Difa Ardiyanti, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ...................... 79
e. Criteria for Close Friends Trustworthiness among High-School Students and Regular Workers: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Banyu Wicaksono, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Difa Ardiyanti, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ................................... 80
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Invited Symposium G-2: University of Diponegoro, Indonesia ................................. 81a. Respect and Conflict with Father among Adolescent’s in Indonesia (Gani Aji
Prihantoro & Kartika Sari Dewi – Indonesia) ....................................................... 81b. Adolescent Happiness in Terms of Ethnicity, Religion Identification and Parental
Support (Beta Kurnia Arriza & Dinie Ratri Desiningrum – Indonesia) ................. 82c. Who’s The Happiest one?: Closeness and Respect on Mother Adolescent
Relationship (Cahyani Indah Triani – Indonesia) ................................................. 83d. Conflict and happiness during adolescence: An Indigenous study of mother-
adolescents relationship (Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Endah Kumala Dewi, & Diana Rusmawati – Indonesia) ...................................................................................... 84
e. How mothering will affect children’s happiness?: parent-child relationship indigenous psychology perspective (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti – Indonesia) .... 85
Symposium A-1: Sadness, anger and emotion regulation ........................................ 86a. “Mengayau”: The Role of Collective Indigenous Emotion in Turning Ordinary People
into Evil In Ethnic Conflict Situation (Endang Mariani & Dianti E. Kusumawardhani - Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 86
b. Causes of Anger in Daily Life Among Male and Female Senior High School Students in Indonesia: An Indigenous Psychology Perspective (Adi Suadnyana, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ................ 87
c. Personal Satisfaction In Jamu Gendong Sellers (Arifah Nur Basyiroh & Ainin Amariana - Indonesia) ......................................................................................... 88
d. Sadness Perspective In "Bali Aga" Local Culture: Indigenous Studies As The Reason of Sadness in Tenganan Village Teenagers (Arick Istriyanti, Aryani Kartika, Hening Wedanthi, Ayu Andini, Vebby Ardiyanthi, & Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri – Indonesia)
............................................................................................................................ 89
Symposium A-2: Cultural Leadership style ............................................................... 90a. Social Harmony or Social Justice?:Understanding Javanese Leader on Solving the
Social Conflict (Ratri Atmoko Benedictus – Indonesia) ....................................... 90b. The effect of optimism and work family balance on subjective well-being of
Indonesian women leader (Nina Zulida Situmorang – Indonesia) ...................... 91c. Balinese Woman's Leadership Pattern (Hilda Sudhana & Supriyadi – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 92d. ‘Mambil’ Leader : Leadership Style Based Indigenous Cultural in Korowai Ethnic,
Papua (Urip Wahyudin & Nina Zulida Situmorang – Indonesia) ......................... 93
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Symposium A-3: Perception of healthy life style and coping behavior ..................... 94a. Getting Understand to the Attitude of the Center of Public Health: Case Study
at People of Cimareme, North Bandung, West Java (Wahyu Rahardjo & Intaglia Harsanti – Indonesia) .......................................................................................... 94
b. Considering Senam Resiliensi as a Part of Healthy Life Style: A Study of Body Weight of Orphans in Central Java, Indonesia (Sri Tiatri & Jap Tji Beng – Indonesia) ...... 95
c. The Coping Behaviour of The Community Toward Flood (Mochamad Widjanarko, Mochamad Widjanarko, Mohammad Khasan, & Teguh
Budi Utomo – Indonesia) .................................................................................... 96d. Hardiness Personality of Jamu Gendong Seller (Ria Yuliana & M. ADI NUGROHO –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 97
Symposium A-4: Family influence on happiness and self-efficacy ............................ 98a. Closeness Differences in Between Father and Mother and Influence on the Son’s
and Daughter’s Happiness (Nia Andriyani Hadisastro & Dinie Ratri Desiningrum – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 98
b. Closeness to Mother and Its Impact on Mother-Child Conflict and Self-Efficacy (Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Karyono – Indonesia) ........................................................ 99
c. The Relation of Father Support, Living Area, and Ethnic Background to Father-Adolescent Closeness in Indonesia : Indigenous Perspective (Cahyani Indah Triani & Kartika Sari Dewi –Indonesia) ............................................................................. 100
d. Indigenous Psychological Analysis of Closeness Relationship and Its Relation to Happiness (How Undergraduate Students Perceived Closeness to Their Father) (Kharisma Primadewi & Imam Setyawan – Indonesia) ....................................... 101
Symposium B-1: Family influence on happiness, dishonesty and respect ................ 102a. Why people do dishonesty? An indigenous study in Javanese family (Sri Lestari, M.
G. Adiyanti, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ........................................................... 102b. Respect in Parent-child Relationship in Javanese Family (Sri Lestari, M. G. Adiyanti,
& Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................................................................... 103c. Indigenous Fathering based on father’s educational level and occupation in
Semarang-Central Java Indonesia (Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Siswati, & Farida Hidayati – Indonesia) .......................................................................................... 104
d. The Relationship Between Authoritative Parenting Style and Balinese Adolescent Happiness (An Indigenous Psychological Analysis) (Adijanti Marheni – Indonesia)
............................................................................................................................ 105
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Symposium B-2: Indigenous psychological Review of local wisdom ........................ 106a. The Differences of respect between Father and Mother among adolescents in
Indonesia based on Demographic Status (Sex, Living Area, Economical Status) (Gani Aji Prihantoro, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Unika Prihatsanti – Indonesia) .................... 106
b. Tri Hita Karana as the Philosophy of Parenting Practice of Bali Aga (Indigenous Balinese) Society: Indigenous Psychological Review of Balinese Society in Penglipuran Village, Bangli-Bali (Dewi Arum WMP – Indonesia) ........................ 107
c. Psychological Dynamic among Balliness Women on “Nyentana” Tradition (Dewi Astiti, Luh Made Karisma Sukmayanti, IGA Wulan Budisetya, & Tience Debora – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 108
d. Corruption In The Eyes Of Indonesian Children (Dessi Christanti & Muhammad Iqbal – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................ 109
e. Woman’s Role in Peace Building Process in Maluku, North Maluku and Central Sulawesi (Yosephine Dian Indraswari – Indonesia) ............................................. 110
Symposium C-1: Perspectives work stress, health and psychological well being ...... 111a. The Values of Maduraneese Proverbs Related to Work, Interpersonal relationship
and Well-Being (Muslihati – Indonesia) .............................................................. 111b. Diagnosis, Counseling and Treatment : Universal Perspectives (Nanik – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 112c. Healthy Inside Good Result Outside (AzizatulAdni – Indonesia) ....................... 113d. Contribution of Job Stress on Employee Productive Behavior (Domnina Rani Puna
Rengganis – Indonesia) ....................................................................................... 114e. Compliance of Public Transportation (Angkot) Driver Toward Traffic Regulation In
Semarang City (A Phenomenological Study) (Handrix Chrisharyanto – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 115
Symposium C-2: Traditional treatment in health and quality of life ......................... 116a. Konsep dan Kategori Awal Makna Kebahagiaan dalam Kalangan Pesakit Spinal
Cord Injury di Sabah, Malaysia (Ferlis Bahari, Rosnah Ismail, & Murnizam Halik – Malaysia) ............................................................................................................. 116
b. Usadha Ancestral Heritage: Indigenous Studies Against Belief's In The Balinese Traditional Medicine (Anak Agung Gede Ariputra Sancahya, Nyoman Adi Krisna Wibawa, I Gde Dhika Widarnandana, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto – Indonesia) ..... 118
c. Quality of Life in Isolated Traditional Communities at Asmat Ethnic, Papua (Urip Wahyudin & Nina Zulida Situmorang – Indonesia) ............................................. 119
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d. Psychological Well-Being of the Javanese Elderly in Rural Area Based on the Physical Conditions (Aisah Indati – Indonesia) ................................................................. 120
Symposium C-3: Cultural concept as social support of psychodynamic subjectivewellbeing .................................................................................................................. 121a. The role of Optimism and Social Support on Subjective well-being of Survival
Adolescent From Aceh Tsunami 2004 (Nefi Darmayanti – Indonesia) ................ 121b. ARISAN : The way to save money Case Study in Fisherman Community In Kenjeran
Surabaya (Muhammad Iqbal & Dessi Christanti – Indonesia) ............................. 122c. The Concept of Rukun in Javanese’s Perspective (Sri Lestari, Bimo Walgito, M. G.
Adiyanti, & Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................................................... 123d. Psychodynamics of free time in cangkrukan-jagongan custom at Dusun Sidowayah,
Sidoharjo, Ponorogo (Mohhamad Mahpur – Indonesia) .................................... 124e. Understanding the Masculinity Concept and Perception toward Intimate Partner
Aggressive Behavior in the Javanese-Muslim Context (Ariana Marastuti – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 125
Symposium C-4: Happiness and its cause ................................................................. 127a. Contributor of Balinese Adolescent’s Happiness Based on Catur Wangsa (An
Indigenous Psychology Approach) (Made Padma Dewi Bajirani, Komang Diatmi, Made Yanthi Ary Agustini, & David Hizkia Tobing – Indonesia) ........................... 127
b. A lingkage of Happiness and Women's career success (Nina Zulida Situmorang – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 128
c. Apakah Yang Membuat Lansia (Old People) Bali Bahagia: Studi Eksplorasi Pendekatan Psikologi Indigenous (Luh Kadek Pande Ary Susilawati – Indonesia)
............................................................................................................................ 129d. Irational Belief, Local Coping Response, and Happiness of Nyctophobia Sufferers
(Heidi Patricia & Agnes Fellicia Budiman – Indonesia) ........................................ 130
Symposium D-1: Parental values, pressure and its impact on adolescents and child ............................................................................................................................ 131a. How mother’s pressure will affect adolescents self-efficacy, happiness and
academic achievement? (Herfina Oshita Suwartono & Jati Ariati – Indonesia) ... 131b. Similarities and Differences Parents and Children’s Values (Eny Purwandari –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 132
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c. Conflict Among Parent-Child based on Gender, Age and Parental Support : An Indigenous Psychology Parent-Child Relationship Study (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Novi Qonitatin –Indonesia) ............................................................................. 133
d. Aktualisasi Nilai Hormat Anak Kepada Orangtua Melalui Kemampuan Berbahasa Kromo Inggil pada Masyarakat Jawa (Amaliyah Salsabiela, Ainin Amariana, & Faliha Muthmainah – Indonesia) .................................................................................. 134
e. Parental Values and its Impact to Children Ethnic and Religion Identification: Indigenous Parent-Child Relationship Study (Beta Kurnia Arriza, Costrie Ganes W, & Prasetyo Budi Widodo – Indonesia) .................................................................... 135
Symposium D-2: Social influence and role of emotion in our life ............................. 136a. The Differences Between Self Acceptance of Parent With Handicapped Children’s
Based on Their Involvement Within The Group With Same Interest and For Those Who Have Not Involve With The Support Group (Iriani Indri Hapsari & Herdiyan Maulana – Indonesia) ......................................................................................... 136
b. How Indonesian Students Perceive Strangers: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Zafira Shabrina, Banyu Wicaksono, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ...................................................................................... 137
c. Enlargement Territory, Help Village and Village Conflict in Bali Phenomenon (Case Studies of Villages Conclict in Bali) (Ketut Sudhana Astika – Indonesia) ............. 138
Symposium D-3: Well-being and cultural context .................................................... 139a. Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well-Being in Gay Male (Ridho Ariono &
Wahyu Rahardjo – Indonesia) ............................................................................. 139b. Meaning of life as mediator of the relationship between Islamic Piety and Wisdom
on Emerging Adulthood (Lila Pratiwi & Aliah B. Purwakania Hasan – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 140c. Happiness Among Young Adults In Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta (Luthfi Fathan
Dahriyanto, Kuntjoro, Lukmawati, Dhinik Rusinami, & Magda Bhinnety Etsem – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 141
d. Hubungan Antara Intensitas Pembelajaran Tari Bali dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Anak Usia 7 sampai 11 Tahun di Dusun Bona Kecamatan Blahbatuh Kabupaten Gianyar (Ni Putu Natalya, Sintha Dewi Aryaningrat, Made Virgo Baharirama, & Tience Debora Valentina – Indonesia) ................................................................ 142
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Symposium E-3: Adolescents and their world .......................................................... 143a. The mediation effect of university belongingness in the relationship between self-
efficacies in career and academic domains and psychological adjustment (Ling Jin, Byeori Seong, Jaewon Yang, & Eunjoo Yang – Korea) ......................................... 143
b. The Influence of Effort–Reward Imbalance on Academic Burnout: Latent growth Curve Model Approach (Keunhwa Kim, Minyoung Lee, & Boyoung Kim – Korea)
............................................................................................................................ 144c. Longitudinal Analysis on Burnout in Middle and High School Korean Teachers (Chae Yeon Lee, Yang Min Park, & Boyoung Kim – Korea) .................................. 145d. Using Structured Debating Methodology to Increase Adolescents Tolerance (Yunita Mardiani & David Hizkia Tobing – Indonesia) ......................................... 146e. Developmental Processes of Academic Burnout in Korean Middle School Students
(Hyun Kyung Noh & Hyojung Shin – Korea) ........................................................ 147f. Different Foods, Different Cognitive Ability: A Study Effect of Glycemic Index
Caution Toward Attention Ability (Fathul Lubabin Nuqul & Zulfikar Ali Farizi – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 148
g. Jealousy Level in College Student Relationship’s Duration and Self Confidence Level: Study in USD (Jeanita Deli Widjaja & Titik Kristiyani – Indonesia) ..................... 149
h. Longitudinal Relationship between Teacher Burnout and Depression (Jang You-Jin, Hyojung Shin, & Minyoung Lee – Korea) ............................................................. 150
Symposium E-4: Art and culture related human behavior ....................................... 151a. Symbol in Guided Imagery and Music (Warda Lisa, Prabowo Hendro, Marissa Aski,
Salve Henny Regina, & Darham Inur – Indonesia) .............................................. 151b. An Exploratory Study on Humor Style of Batak Toba (Bonar Hutapea – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 152c. Javanese Successful Aging (Diah Karmiyati – Indonesia) ................................... 153d. Local Content of Art Expression in Transpersonal Psychotherapy (Aski Marissa & Hendro Prabowo – Indonesia) ................................................... 154e. Social Physique Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Body Image on Gymnastic User Male
(Wahyu Rahardjo & FX. Yoseptian Lee – Indonesia) ........................................... 155f. Determinants of pro-environmental behaviors in China and Japan –the role of
estimation of others’ behaviors (Kaori Ando & Yumi Ohbuchi – Japan) ............. 156g. Ritual and Culture as a Media to Find Balinese Adolescents Self-Identity :
Indigenous Psychology Approach (Ni Nyoman Wiranti, Ida Ayu Gede Sri Evitasari, A A Sagung Weni Kumala Ratih, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto – Indonesia) ................ 157
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h. Esteem, Assertively, Coping Strategy with Depression in Javanese and Madurenes Teenagers (Diana Rahmasari & Sofia Retnowati – Indonesia) ............................ 158
Symposium F-1: Disaster, cultural context and identity related human behavior ............................................................................................................................ 159a. Festivals as unique traditions to promote collective efficacy as a way for community
enablement: A case study of Festivities in Pontianak, Singkawang, and Cirebon (Jap Tji Beng, Sri Tiatri, & Bernard Amadeus Jaya – Indonesia) ................................. 159
b. A Preliminary Study of Indigenous Psychology : Balinese Adolescences’ Orientation Toward Catur Wangsa in relation with Self-esteem in Social Interaction (Ni Putu Adelia Kesumaningsari, Agustini Kurnia, Christian Natalia, Yohanes K. Herdiyanto, & Supriyadi – Indonesia) ......................................................................................... 160
c. Preserving cultural identity: The Boracay Ati’s attainment of collective well-being through their adaptation to their island-resort home (Hannah Misha Morrillo – Philippines) ......................................................................................................... 161
d. Multilayer Perceived Future of Survivor: Personal-Family-Community (Nindyah Rengganis – Indonesia) ....................................................................................... 162
e. Examining the timing of important life events: A cross-cultural study in Malaysia and Indonesia (Gabriella Wongso, Emmanuela Arryna Budiman, & Shamsul Haque – Malaysia) ............................................................................................................. 163
f. Materialism, Cultural Values Orientation, and Life Satisfaction of Internal Migrants: An Investigation among Toba Batak in Jakarta (Bonar Hutapea – Indonesia) ..... 164
g. What I still remember about earthquake: Stories from Yogyakarta 2006 earthquake youth survivors ((Julia Suleeman – Indonesia) .................................................... 165
h. Feeling of earthquake survivors towards future (Tiara R Widiastuti – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 166
Symposium F-2: Indigenous psychology in work place ............................................. 167a. The relationship of career decision making styles, occupational engagement, and
career maturity (Seong Byeori, Mina Jung, Byeori Seong, Jeung Hae Eum, & Eunjoo Yang – Korea) ...................................................................................................... 167
b. The development of career-related planned happenstance scale (Bo Hyun Lee, Boram Kim, Sunny Chang, & Sun Hwa Jung – Korea) .......................................... 168
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c. Concept Mapping Analysis of Happenstance in Career Development (Sang Min Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Sang Soo Shin, Yu Ran Seo, Jong Seon Han, Bo Young Oh, & Jin Hui Park – Korea) ....................................................................................................... 169
d. Importance of high exploration and commitment in ego identity as an antecedent of career preparation behavior (Seung-Min Lee, Sul-A Yook, Ji Young Lee, Geunyoung Kim, & Jaewon Yang – Korea) .......................................................... 170
e. Individual’s Work Value in Career Development (Jung Sun Hwa, Bo Young Choi, Boram Kim, Sunny Chang, & Bohyun Lee – Korea) ............................................. 171
f. The interaction effect between anxiety and rational decision making style on career exploration behaviors (Kim SungYeon, GeumJae Joo, Mina Jung, & Eunjoo Yang – Korea) .................................................................................................................. 172
g. Seeking Help in Career Counseling (Suk Kyung Nam, Eunjoo Yang, & Geum Jae Joo – Korea) .................................................................................................................. 173
h. The Relationship Between Compassionate Love and Authenticity (Seydi Ahmet Satici, Ahmet AKIN, Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ, Seda Yilmaz – Turkey) ........................... 174
Symposium F-3: Adolescents and their world .......................................................... 175a. Achievement Support for Indonesian High School Student: An Indigenous
Psychological Analysis (Dyah Hayuningtyas, Niken Rarasati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, & Moh. Abdul Hakim – Indonesia) ...................................................................... 175
b. Family as a Source of Happiness and Achievement: Indigenous Psychology (Moordiningsih – Indonesia) ............................................................................... 176
c. Training of Identification of Early Special Need Children as an Alternative to Enhance Kindergarten Teachers Professionalism (Ira Darmawanti, Dewi Retno Suminar, & M.M.W. Tairas – Indonesia) .............................................................. 177
d. The Effect of Positive Thinking Training to Academic Self-Efficacy at College Student (Aswendo Dwitantyanov, Farida Hidayati, & Dian Ratna Sawitri – Indonesia) ..... 178
e. Humor as Psychotherapy’s Choice in an Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren) (Yusuf Ratu Agung – Indonesia) ..................................................................................... 179
f. To ‘Exist’ is To Get Online: The Identity of Indonesian Adolescents of Social Networks Generation (Yopina G. Pertiwi, Avin Fadilla Helmi, & Fauzan Heru Santhoso – Indonesia) ......................................................................................... 180
g. Implementation Group Counseling with Peer Group Techniques to Improve Interpersonal Competency in Orphanage Teenagers (Umi Izzati – Indonesia) .... 181
h. The construction of school well-being scale for tertiary students (Prabu Mahaputra Adhipradana Sartono & Julia Suleeman – Indonesia) ........... 182
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Symposium F-4: Indigenous psychology in education .............................................. 183a. The Relationship between Empathy Ability and Tendency of Juvenile Delinquency
(Mistety Oktaviana & Djuwarijah – Indonesia) ................................................... 183b. The Mature Personality of Early Adults Indigo (Ima Santika Jayati & M. A. Subandi –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 184c. Emotions as Mediator of the Relations Between Motivational Beliefs and
Achievement in Math: A Study With Sudanese (Surya Cahyadi – Indonesia) ..... 185d. Javanese student’s future orientation and support for it’s effort: An indigenous
psychological analysis (Niken Rarasati & Moh. Abdul Hakim – Indonesia) ......... 186e. Mathematics Gifted and Their Learning Styles (Supra Wimbarti – Indonesia) .... 187f. The Analysis of Hierarchical Linear Modeling of Student and School Effects on
Indonesian Student Scientific Achievement (Aryani Tri Wrastari – Indonesia) .... 188g. Making Meaning In Student: Indigenous Psychology Perspective (Anita Zulkaida,
Anita Zulkaida, Trida Cynthia, & Widaningrum – Indonesia) .............................. 189h. Meaning of Peacebuilding for Survivors of Violence (Maria Theresia Asti Wulandari
& Faturochman – Indonesia) ............................................................................... 190
Symposium G-3: Self and community ...................................................................... 191a. Self Acceptance in Physical Disabilities (Laelatus Agustina & Endang Kumala Dewi –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 191b. "Effectiveness of Community Health Workers Working Locally and Internationally:
The Ulyses Syndrome." (Alba Diaz – USA) ........................................................... 192c. Stress and Coping in Students : An Exploration Study (Irine Kurniastuti, Irine
Kurniastuti, Andrian Liem, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti – Indonesia) ................ 193d. The Meaning of Health for Prambanan's (Indonesia) Youth : Indigenous
Psychological Analysis (Andrian Liem – Indonesia) ............................................. 194e. SELF Beyond Self: An Iranian-Islamic Enlightment Perspective on Healthy
Personality (Mohammad Ali Mazaheri – Iran) .................................................... 195f. Poverty, Mental health, and Domestic Violence: Preliminary Study in NTT (Yulius Yusak Ranimpi – Indonesia) ..................................................................... 196
Symposium G-4: Student and their world ................................................................ 197a. What Makes The Colleges Students Sad? : An Exploration Study (Trida Cynthia & Anita Zulkaida – Indonesia) ...................................................... 197b. Gender Equity and Reproductive Rights In Pesantren (Maya Fitria & Avin Fadilla Helmi – Indonesia) ................................................... 198
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c. The Autonomy Difference Between Woman University Students Who Live in Dormitory and Woman University Students Who Live in Free Boarding House (Devita Septiani Nursalim & M.L. Anantasari – Indonesia) ................................. 199
d. The Influence of Friends on The Emotion of Indonesian Students: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Putri Priyambodo, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) .................................................................... 200
e. The Significant Persons and Their Support for Senior High School Student’sAchievement: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
(Ni Komang Sabeh, Niken Rarasati, Dyah Ratri Ismi Hayuningtyas, & Moh. Abdul Hakim – Indonesia) .............................................................................................. 201
f. Efforts to identify barriers to students’ adjustment to campus life (Julia Suleeman – Indonesia) .............................................................................. 202
Symposium H-1: Well-being across culture .............................................................. 203a. Fon Phi Fa (dance): Psychology of Phutai’s traditional treatment (Kaptiphat Kaednok, Rattana Chanthao, & Marasri Sorthip – Thailand) ............. 203b. Medicine in Palm Leaves: Local Culture of Lao’s Treatment (Aphichat Khamwiloet & Kopchai Rat-ubon – Thailand) .................................... 204c. Well-Being across Cultures: The Impact of Cultural, Individual, and Job Characteristics
on Employee Well-Being (Berlian Gressy Septarini – Indonesia) ......................... 206d. Phaya: love, happiness in traditional communication (Wutthinan Suporn, Rattana Chanthao, & Nashakoon Singsena – Thailand) ..... 207e. Yoga for Happiness, Health and Quality of Life (Surendra Nath Dubey & Asha Dubey – India) .................................................... 208f. Cultural identity and well-being of intercultural children with Japanese ancestry
living in Indonesia (Kazuyo Suzuki – Japan)
Symposium H-2: Validity and reliability scale ........................................................... 209a. Indigenous psychological well-being for the elderly measurement (Edo Sebastian Jaya, Lathifah Hanum, & Dharmayati Utoyo Lubis – Indonesia) . 209b. Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure Scores in a Sample of Adolescents Chinese
From Bandung West-Java (Irene Tarakanita & Meilani Rohinsa –Indonesia) ...... 210c. The Criterion-Related Validity of Resilience Scale: Self-Reported Connor-Davidson
Resilience Scale (Jeong ho Uhm, Ji Hee Lee, Sung Yoon Park, Ji hae Lee, Chae-Yeon Lee, & Sang Min Lee – Korea) ............................................................................ 211
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d. Development of the Social Distance Scale and the Schizophrenia Stereotype Questionnaire using Rasch Analysis
(Yao-An Tsai, Ya-Hui Su, & Shih-Ming Li – Taiwan) ............................................. 212e. The Second¬order confirmatory factor analysis of Indonesians’ happiness: An
Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Moh. Abdul Hakim & Johana E. Prawitasari-Hadiyono – Indonesia) ........................................................................................ 214
f. Anger Rumination Scale: Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version (Seydi Ahmet Satici & Ahmet AKIN – Turkey)
Symposium H-3: Parental values and its influence their son’s and daughter’s ........ 215a. Does mother’s values will influence son’s self-efficacy and academic achievement?:
Indigenous Mother-Son Relationship Perspective (Nia Andriyani Hadisastro – Indonesia) ............................................................... 215b. Does Father-Daughter Closeness Influenced Their Daughter’s Academic
Achievement? : Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Kharisma Primadewi, Imam Setyawan, Ika Febrian Kristiana,& Erin Ratna Kustanti – Indonesia) ................... 216
c. How sons and daughter learned values from their mother? Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Kharisma Primadewi – Indonesia) ................................. 217
d. Child Rearing in the Indigenous Rotiness (Merly Aclin Nuasizta Klaas, S.A Kristianingsih, & Jusuf Tjahjo P – Indonesia) ... 219e. Parenting style based on Educational Level, Marital Status and Parent’s Occupation
: An Indigenous Psychological Approach (Nia Andriyani Hadisastro & Costrie Ganes Widayanti – Indonesia) f. Overimitation Development in Children with Different Social Economic Status and
Culture (Edward Andriyanto Soetardhio & Fatharani Nadhira – Indonesia) ........ 220
Symposium H-4: Situations related with illness condition ....................................... 221a. Research on Personal Values as Determinant Factor of the Mentally Healthy
Behavior of Five Ethnic in Western Part of Indonesia Groups (Tutty Sodjakusumah, Elmira N. Sumintardja, Rismiyati E.Koesma, & Marisa F.
Moeliono – Indonesia) ........................................................................................ 221b. Living with Ambiguity: Cope and Hope Example of Fathers' Coping with Children
with Autism (Sheauer Chen – Taiwan) ................................................................ 223c. Family Resiliency in family of child with cancer :study from different culture in
Indonesia (Eko Handayani, Jaja Netra Puspita, & SR Retno Pudjiati – Indonesia) ............................................................................................................................ 224
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d. Encouraging Resilience For Mother With Autism Child Through Emotion Regulation Training (Estrina Maya Laily Ni’mah & Rr. Indahria Sulistyarini – Indonesia) ...... 225
e. Expressed-Emotion in Family: Study in People with Type II Diabetes (Nida Ul Hasanat – Indonesia) ............................................................................ 226f. The Correlation Intergenerational Transmission of Empathy and Bullying (Nurul Ayu Istiqomah & MG. Adiyanti – Indonesia) ............................................ 227
Symposium I-1: Cultural factors impact in our daily life ........................................... 228a. The Role of “Makan Pinang” in Rado Village, Wasior, West Papua (Chysanti Arumsari & Bernard Amadeus Jaya – Indonesia) ................................ 228b. How Working Balinese Women understand and perceive “Banten” / Offerings to
God in their modern way of life (Diah Fridari and Made Sri Inten – Indonesia) .. 229c. The Culture of “Bertandang” and Eating Habits of Children and Infants in Semuntik
Village, Nanga Badau, West Borneo (Bernard Amadeus Jaya – Indonesia) ......... 230d. Is Sex a Taboo in Javanese Culture? (Koentjoro – Indonesia) ............................. 231e. Adolescents’ Trust to Father in Indigenous and Developmental Perspectives (Wisjnu Martani & Sri Lestari – Indonesia) ......................................................... 232f. Exploring the dynamic of mother-adolescents closeness (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Hastaning Sakti – Indonesia) .............................. 233g. Longitudinal study of elementary school children before and after they enter
school: With specific focus on relationship with friends, self-efficacy and life-satisfaction (Woo-Giy Chang, Young-Shin Park, & Uichol Kim – Korea) .............. 234
h. Indigenous psychological analysis of taking care of elderly parents: Generational difference between high school and university students and their parents
(Ja Young Ahn, Young-Shin Park, & Uichol Kim – Korea) ..................................... 235
Symposium I-2: Parental values, pressure and its impact in adolescents and child .. 236a. The Meaning of sadness Among Indonesian Adolescents in Social Context: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Novita Dewi Anjarsari, Laurensia Aptik
Evanjeli, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim –Indonesia) .. 236b. The Basis of Javanese Posttraumatic Growth, “Sabar” and “Nrimo”: An Indigenous Psychological Study of Mt. Merapi Eruption Survivors (Fuad Hamsyah – Indonesia) ............................................................................... 237 c. The Psychological Symptom Patterns among Adolescence from Sub-urban of
Yogyakarta (Andrian Liem & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti – Indonesia) ................ 238
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d. The relation between Adolescence’s Conception of Sadness and self rated happiness: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Adelia Khrisna Putri, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ........................... 239
e. Psychological well-being among elderly people living in multi-generational families (Dharmayati B. Utoyo & Dhiza Ariffa – Indonesia) .............................................. 240
f. The Differences of Caring Styles between Father and Mother Based on Adolescents Sex Status : An Indigenous study of Parent-Child Relationship
(Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Kartika Sari Dewi – Indonesia) ........................................... 241g. Hope and Concept of God in Children with Cancer (Fransisca M. Sidabutar & Julia Suleeman Chandra – Indonesia) ....................... 242h. The Relation of Knowledge of Schizophrenia and Coping Strategy Towards
Psychological Burden of Family Caregiver People With Schizophrenia (Wahyu Utami & Sofia Retnowati – Indonesia) ................................................... 243
Symposium I-3: Conception of self among cultural differences ............................... 244a. Effectiveness of Observed Experiential Integration Therapy on the Traumatic
Orphan Adolescents (Petra Omega & Denny Putra – Indonesia) ........................ 244b. A Study of Indigenous Psychology: Profession Diversity of Balinesse Society Against
Interpersonal Relationship “Menyama Braya” (Demira Shaifa, Wahyu Indrariyani, Arick Istriyanti, Indah Desira, Ayu Paramita, & Supriyadi – Indonesia) ............... 245
c. The Conception of Javanese Adolescents' Self in The Family Context : An Indigenous Psychology Analysis (Rizqi Nur’aini A'yuninnisa, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) .................................................................... 246
d. The Effect of Attachment Style on Life Script for Important Life Event (Emmanuela Arryna Budiman & Gabriella Wongso – Australia) ......................... 247e. Conception of Self Among Javanese Adolescents and Parental Perception:
Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Regisda Fuadhy, Sulasmi Sudirman, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti – Indonesia) ......................................................... 248
f. The Self-discipline Difference in College Student with Different Parenting Style (Annisa Meizvira – Indonesia) ............................................................................. 249
g. Cultural differences in family relatedness and self-beliefs (Miriam Sang-Ah Park – Malaysia) ...................................................................... 250h. Sex Differences in Self-Efficacy of Adolescents in Bali: An Indigenous Approach
(Suari Dewi, Ayu Saraswati, & Supriyadi – Indonesia) ......................................... 251
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Symposium I-4: Child development .......................................................................... 252a. Prevention and support to Victims of Domestic Violence among Indigenous Peoples
of Cambodia (Hector Rifa & Hema NHONG – Cambodia) ................................... 252b. The Effectiveness of Role Play Method to Increase Pre-school Children’s Moral
Intelligence (Arum Febriani & Endang Ekowarni – Indonesia) ............................ 253c. Siblings Relationship in Indonesian's Folklores (Rini Hildayani –Indonesia) ........ 254d. Stress and Coping in Teacher of Special Need Children (Efriyani Djuwita – Indonesia) ............................................................................. 255e. Characteristics of Mother in Indonesian Folklore (Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana – Indonesia) .................................................... 256f. Differences in points of views mothers take in describing interpersonal conflicts to
children: story telling sessions in Japan, China and US compared (Miki Kakinuma, Kayoko Uemura, Jing Jin, & Hiroshi Azuma – Japan) ................ 257g. Do conflicts that i’ve with my parents will affect to my self-efficacy? : Indigenous psychological study of parent-adolescents conflicts (Novi Qonitatin & Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti – Indonesia) ................................ 258h. Conception of Self Among Adolescents in The Big City, The City, and The Village
Area (Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) 259
Symposium J-1: Personality in cultural perspective and subjective well-being ........ 260a. The role of religion and locus of control on psychological well-being (Kevin Cheng & David R. Phillips – China) ........................................................... 260b. The Relationship between Achievement Goals with Values Orientations and
Personality Traits (Rukiana Hutagalung & Moh. As’ad – Indonesia) ................... 261c. Characteristics of High School Student as Online Gamers in West Jakarta: An Exploration From Technology Acceptance Perspective (Jap Tji Beng, Sri Tiatri, Meliana, & Yeni Anna Appulembang – Indonesia) ........ 262d. Inclination of ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality and meaning of life in last adolescent
(Mega Dianingtyas Nugraheni & Siti Waringah – Indonesia) .............................. 263e. Cultural Benchmarking: Constitutive and Regulative Patterns Affecting Personality
as Reflected in Iranian Proverbs and Adages (Keivan Zahedi – Iran) ................... 264f. Relationship between personality and subjective well-being the French culture: An
exploratory study among a French engineering students sample (Laurent Sovet – France) ..................................................................................... 265g. Self-enhancement among Japanese: Evidence from a classic paradigm (Hiroaki Morio – Japan) ....................................................................................... 266
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Symposium J-2: Self-regulation concept in relational context .................................. 267a. The Relationship Between Traumatic Experience and Trauma on Survivor of Merapi
Volcano Eruption in Yogyakarta: A Preliminary Developmental Study ff Traumatic Experiences’ Checklist (Salma Ibrahim & Rahmat Hidayat – Indonesia) ............. 267
b. The Role of Coping Strategies in the Relationship of Religiosity/Spirituality and Resilience (Ji Hae Lee, Sung Yoon Park, Chae-Yeon Lee, Jeongho Uhm, & Sang Min Lee – Korea) ....................................................................................................... 268
c. Reappraisal is Healthier than Suppression? : Emotion Regulation Strategies in our Life (Esti Sudarmoko & Esti Hayu Purnamaningsih – Indonesia) ......................... 269
d. Facial Trustworthiness and Self-Regulatory Resources (Meta Zahro Aurelia – Indonesia) ....................................................................... 270e. Does Self-Construal Impact Awareness of Emotion in Others? (Maia Jamadi, Philip
S. Wong, Howard Mcguire, & Nicholas Papouchis – USA) .................................. 271f. Self-Regulation Concept of Teenagers based on Wedharaga Text (Anggiastri Hanantyasari Utami, Anggiastri Hanantyasari Utami, & Hadi Sutarmanto'
– Indonesia) ........................................................................................................ 272g. Self-Management for Singles as an Alternative Lifestyle in the Philippines (Domingo O. Barcarse – Philipines) ..................................................................... 273
Symposium J-3: Cultural impact in human activities ................................................ 274a. The Development of Leadership Scale based on Ancient Javanese Leadership
Concept (Asta Brata) (Wahyu Jati Anggoro & Mochamad As’ad – Indonesia) ..... 275b. Abusive supervision and subordinate performance: The mediating role of leader-
member exchange and the moderating role of power distance orientation (Yu-Ying Chen & Cheng, Bor-Shiuan – Taiwan) .................................................... 276c. The Study of Entrepreneurship Intention on student of Universitas Padjajaran
(UNPAD) and Its Competencies Development to Enhance the Quality of Their Life’s (Yus Nugraha & Yuliani Arifin – Indonesia) .......................................................... 277
d. Self-Actualization Scale for Educational Managers (Peter Howards R. Obias – Filipina) ..................................................................... 278e. Conception of Happiness and Values among Indonesia Middle Class: An Indigenous
Psychological Analysis (Moh. Abdul Hakim – Indonesia) .................................... 279f. Ngayah : A Balinese dancer’s flow (Mahargyantari Dewi, Hendro Prabowo, Sang
Putu Adi Sanjaya, & I Ketut Kodi – Indonesia) ..................................................... 280g. An Investigation of the Relationships between Self-Compassion and Authenticity
(Seydi Ahmet Satici, Ahmet AKIN, & Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ – Turkey)
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Symposium J-4: Happiness, sadness and angry in difference culture ...................... 281a. Conception of Happiness in Indonesia: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, &
Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ...................................................................................... 281b. The Influence of Peer on Happiness and Sadness of Indonesian Senior High School
Students : Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim –Indonesia) ................................... 282
c. People Who Make Adolescents Sad : An Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Diah Ayuningtyas, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Kwartarini
Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ........................................................ 283d. Happiness of the Javanese Elderly (Yopina G. Pertiwi, Guntur Cahyo Utomo, Johana
Endang Prawitasari, & Sri Mulyani Martaniah – Indonesia) ................................ 284e. What The Most Problems Make Adolescents Angry in Indonesia? An Exploration
Study to Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ................. 285
f. Are Fans Happy? Or Is This The Wrong Question? (Random Insights from a Decade of Interviews with People Who Describe
Themselves as Fans) (Daniel Pawley – USA) ....................................................... 286g. Indigenous psychological analysis of happiness among Korean adults: With specific
focus on parents of elementary school, middle school, high school and university students (Sun Young Baak, Uichol Kim, & Young-Shin Park – Korea) .................. 287
Poster Session 1: Bahasa .......................................................................................... 288a. ”I’m feel close because i’m respect him or I’m respect him so i’m feel close to him”:
How adolescents and adult perceived closeness to their father in Indonesia (Bimo Dwi Atmojo, Imam Setyawan, & Karyono – Indonesia) ............................ 288b. Why the experience of failure and the experience of losing loved ones made
Balinese Adolescents Sad? Indigenous Psychological Analysis (David Hizkia Tobing – Indonesia) ....................................................................... 289c. Why Achievements Bring Happiness to Balinese Adolescence? Indigenous
Psychological Analysis (Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama, Putu Srie Wedha Yanthi , & Ni Putu Intan WJ – Indonesia) ............................................................ 290
d. The Correlation Between Religiosity and Stress with Psychological Well being in Adolescent in Pondok Pesantren Assalafial-Fithrah, Surabaya
(Rahmasari Diana & Diana Rahmasari – Indonesia) ............................................ 291
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e. “Menyama Braya” Pada Kebahagiaan Orang Bali : Pendekatan Psikologi Indigenous (Nyoman Wiraadi Tria Ariani, Astuti Wijayanti, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 292
f. Self-efficacy and educational development for gifted (Najlatun Naqiyah – Indonesia) ........................................................................... 293g. Social Support for Stress Reduction on Woman Imigrant Workers (Intan Rahmawati – Indonesia) ........................................................................... 294h. Factors Influencing The Sincretism Among Javanese – Muslim in Surabaya: An Exploratory Study (Marselius Salsabiela & Nita Trisnawati – Indonesia) ....... 295i. Balinese Adolescent Identity of "Wangsa" and Cause of Angry: Indigenous Psychology Approach (Yohanes K. Herdiyanto – Indonesia) ............. 296j. Do conflicts that i’ve with my parents will affect to my self-efficacy? : Indigenous psychological study of parent-adolescents conflicts (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Novi Qonitatin – Indonesia)
Poster Session 2: Bahasa .......................................................................................... 297a. Forgiveness Process in People who Have Bad Nurturing Parents (Stefanus Soejanto Sandjaja & Sri Florina Laurence Zagötö – Indonesia) ........... 297b. Self identity as Chinese Indonesian and Positive Life Attitudes (Kurnia Setiawan & Ninawati – Indonesia) .......................................................... 298c. Life Satisfaction Differences Between University Students from Ambon and Nusa
Tenggara Timur Ethnic (Christiana Hari Soetjiningsih – Indonesia) ..................... 299d. Finding Meaning of Life towards Work and Achievement in Chinese Indonesian
(Meiske Yunithree Suparman & Ninawati – Indonesia) ...................................... 300e. Happiness and Resilience Construct of Merapi Refugees : Applying of Psychology for
Disaster (Gunadi Atmaji, Agnes Fellicia Budiman, & Karolina Arif – Indonesia) .. 301f. First Aid as part of preparedness to Reduce the negative impacts of Psychological
Health and Post-Earthquake and Tsunami Mentawai Islands (Adelina Simatupang & Angela Puspita – Indonesia) .......................................... 302g. The effect of Neuroticism and Perceived Stress on Marital Satisfaction: Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (Yonathan Aditya & Carlo Magno – Indonesia) ................................................... 303h. The Effect of Multilevel Support Group to Improve Facilitating Skill Among People
Living with HIV AIDS (Dyah Ayu Kartika Paramita – Indonesia) ........................... 304i. Indigenous Study of Industrial Tourism Impact to Balinese Adolescent (Yohanes K. Herdiyanto – Indonesia) .................................................................. 305
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j. How adolescents view their parents sacrifice?: Indigenous psychological analysis (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Costrie Ganes Widayanti – Indonesia)
Poster Session 3: English .......................................................................................... 306a. Does Parental Pressure, Living Area,and Adolescents Culture Identification have
influence on their Happiness? (Gani Aji Prihantoro & Cahyani Indah Triani – Indonesia) ................................... 306b. Subjective Well Being and Resilience of New University Students (Fitri Andriani – Indonesia) ................................................................................. 307c. Why Schooling?: exploring parents’ motives in schooling their children (Anita Listiara & Jati Ariati – Indonesia) .............................................................. 308d. Relationship Between Happiness, Life Satisfaction and Depression Among School-
Going Adolescents in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia (Ferlis Bahari, Rosnah Ismail, Vincent Pang , Chua Bee Seok , Murnizam Halik, Lailawati Madlan, Jasmine Adela Mutang, Alfred Chan, & Juliee Christie Rosley – Malaysia) ................................. 309
e. Indigenous of psychological study of the impact of maternal pressures on adolescents academic achievement (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti – Indonesia) ...310
f. Effects of exercise self-efficacy on life stress among older adults (Liang-Chih Chang – Taiwan) ............................................................................... 311g. Approaching Hidden Fathers of Children with Autistic Syndrome: Men’s Perspective in Taiwan (Sheauer Chen – Taiwan) ...................................... 312h. Implicit theories of humility and modesty in Korea (Sang Yup Choo, Ji Jun Lim, & Sung Moon Lim – Korea) ..................................... 313i. Emotional Wellness for Quality Life (Surendra Nath Dubey – India) .................. 314j. Mother-child conflict based on mother’s age, education level and occupation:
Indigenous psychological analysis (Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Karyono – Indonesia) ... 315k. Different Foods, Different Cognitive Ability: A Study About Effect of Glycemic Index Caution Toward Attention Ability (Zulfikar Ali Farizi & Fathul Lubabin Nuqul – Indonesia) ..................................... 316l. Indigenous and Cross-Cultural Points of View: Participatory Photograph Survey of
Japanese and international students in Japan (Hidehumi Hitokoto – Japan) ...... 317m. Cross age-group comparisons of cultural self-construal among Japanese
adolescents and young adults who received multicultural education (Kokoro Ikkai & Junko Tanaka-Matsumi – Japan) ................................................ 318n. Exploring Parental Pressures Based on Parental Educational Level and Occupations
(Cahyani Indah Triani & Nia Andriyani – Indonesia) ............................................ 319
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o. Analisis Profil Pemahaman Remaja tentang Upacara Maotonan dan Implikasinya terhadap Manajemen Pembelajaran di Sekolah (Studi Kasus Siswa SMP Dwijendra Denpasar) (I Nyoman Gunadi & Komang Rahayu Indrawati – Indonesia) ........... 320
Poster Session 4: English .......................................................................................... 321a. The influence of mother-sons closeness on achievement and self efficacy:
Indigenous psychological analysis (Kharisma Primadewi & Ika Zenita Ratnaningsih – Indonesia) ............................ 321b. Does Parental Pressure Affect Parent-Child Conflict? : Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Kharisma Primadewi – Indonesia) ............... 322c. Happiness Among Indonesian Student Context : AN Esploratory Indigenous Study (Rahajeng Dian Kurniasari, Moh. Abdul Hakim
Moh, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim, & Mohamad As’Ad – Indonesia) ......... 323d. Gambaran Value In Action – Inventory Strength Pada Berbagai Bentuk Dinamika
Pasangan (Couple Map) Yang Dipersepsikan Oleh Perempuan Bali Dalam Pernikahannya (Made Diah Lestari – Indonesia) ................................................. 324
e. The Meaning of Health in Social Context for Prambanan's (Indonesia) Youth : Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Andrian Liem, Ni Komang Meta Saraswati Sabeh, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti – Indonesia) .......................................................... 325
f. The Stressful Life Events among Adolescences from Sub-urban Area of Yogyakarta using Indigenous Psychological Approach (Andrian Liem, Irine Kurniastuti, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti – Indonesia) .............................................................. 326
g. Effectiveness of Art-Therapy for burn patients (Na-Young Lim, Na-Young Lim, Sul-A Yook, Byeorie Seong, Jeung Hae Eum, & Eunjoo Yang – Korea) .......................... 327
h. Closeness Among Javanese Adolescents Based on Living Area, Economic Status, and Father’s Education Level: Father-Child Closeness Relationship
(Bogi Mahendra Wirawan & Farida Hidayati – Indonesia) .................................. 328i. Does respect for father have relation with happiness and adolescents ethnicity
identification?: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Endah Kumala Dewi, & Diana Rusmawati – Indonesia) ................................................. 329
j. How age, family economic status, occupation and Mother’s education level influence Javanese mothering (Beta Kurnia Arriza, Ika Febrian Kristiana, & Erin Ratna Kustanti – Indonesia) ................................................................................ 330
k. Does ethnical background influenced parental values? : Indigenous parent-adolescents relationship perspective
(Beta Kurnia Arriza & Costrie Ganes Widayanti – Indonesia) .............................. 331
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l. The Javanese Adolescents’ Ideal Self: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Ardian Praptomojati, Yopina Galih Pertiwi, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W.
Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) .................................................................... 332m. Analysis of failure experience among Korean police force: Indigenous psychological
analysis (Ji Hyuen An, Young-Shin Park, & Uichol Kim – Korea) .......................... 333n. Adjustment Process of a Father with Down’s Syndrome Son (Descriptif Study of a Father with Patriarchy Family Background (Komang Rahayu
Indrawati – Indonesia) ........................................................................................ 334o. Dalihan Natolu as the Batak Toba Culture Principle in Cooperation (Theoretical Framework) (Nicholas Simarmata – Indonesia) .............................. 335
Poster Session 5: English .......................................................................................... 336a. The Contextual Framework of “Person-making” Process: A Critical Review (Chia-ho Pu & Tsung-Chain Huang – Taiwan) ...................................................... 336b. The Values of "Hagabeon", "Hamoraon", and "Hasangapon" on Three Generation
(Ridhoi Meilona Purba & Meutia Nauly – Indonesia) ......................................... 337c. Multidimensionalitas pada Tes Potensi Akademik (Ali Ridho – Indonesia) .......... 338d. parents involvement in daily practice of early literacy development (Lisnawati
Ruhaena –Indonesia) .......................................................................................... 339e. Parental Pressure and its Relation to Adolescents Happiness and Self efficacy (Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Sri Hartati, & Jati Ariati – Indonesia) ..................... 340f. Positive Thinking as a Strategy to Improve the Quality of Life in Postmenopausal
Women (Dian Savitri – Indonesia) ...................................................................... 341g. Happiness Perspective in The Oldest Bali Culture: Indigenous Study as The Reason
of Happiness in “Bali Aga” Village’s Teenagers (Bagus Ari Nugraha Suela, Febian Dwiduonova, Yande Prayoga, Grace Noviana
Chandra, & Putu Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri – Indonesia) ..................................... 342h. What Makes Balinese Adolescence Happy? Indigeneous Psychological analysis
(Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama & Supriyadi – Indonesia) ................... 343i. Sociodemographic predictors of elderly’s psychological well-being in Bandung-
Indonesia (Irene Tarakanita, Irawati, Ira Adelina, & Catharina Sri Indah Gunarti – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 344
j. Individual differences on mental workload and multitasking performance (S. N. M. Wulanyani – Indonesia) ........................................................................ 345k. The relationship between racial difference and salivary cortisol in caregivers
(Jumpei Yajima, Akira Tsuda, & Okamura Hisayoshi – Japan) ............................. 346
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l. Similar vs. Complementary: The Effect of Regulatory Fit in Interpersonal Domains (Kuang-Hui Yeh & Tzu-Yeng Kuo – Taiwan) .......................................................... 347
m. Ewuh pekewuh attitude of hypertensiom patients in Yogyakarta (Ana Yuliani, Asti Bhawika Adwitya, Hidayatul Masruroh, & Elvira Nurchasanah – Indonesia) ....... 348
n. Dzikir Therapy Toward Victims of Drug Abuse in Majelis Dzikir dan Doa Muhyin Nufuus Yogyakarta (Taqiyudin Muh & Haryanto – Indonesia) ............................ 349
Poster Session 6: English .......................................................................................... 350a. Why Koreans blame so much? Cultural analysis of choice and blame (Taekyun Hur, Seung-Hyuk Choi, & Sangyeon Yoon – Korea) .............................. 350b. Me And My Son : The Mental Health Maternal Who Have Mentally Retarded Child
(Asmiani Fawziah & Hamdaya Nurtalatthaf – Indonesia) .................................... 351c. Self-Worth: Incremental Improvement Work-Life Balance (Dian Sari Utami – Indonesia) ............................................................................. 352d. An integrated framework of well-being (Bo (Jeff) Shao – China) ........................ 353e. Sense of Community to Promote Health Human Development (Sriwulan Ferindian Falatehan – Indonesia) ........................................................ 354f. The Life Satisfaction and Assertiveness of Students at Faculty of Education (Meryem Demir & Gürhan Can – Turkey) ........................................................... 355g. How adolescents view their parents sacrifice?: Indigenous psychological analysis
(Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Costrie Ganes Widayanti – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 356
h. Indigenous psychological analysis of respect: With specific focus on university students and their parents
(In-Soon Nam, Young-Shin Park, & Uichol Kim – Korea) ..................................... 357i. Perception of Japan people and society among high school students and their
parents (Sung-Sook Jeon & Young-Shin Park – Korea) ........................................ 358j. Komitmen Identitas Sosial Wangsa Golongan Ksatria Bali (Made Diah Lestari – Indonesia) ......................................................................... 359k. Descriptive study about family strength in Jakarta (Widya Risnawaty –Indonesia) ............................................................................ 360l. The effect of Agreeableness, Neuroticism and Positive Dyadic Coping on Marital
Satisfaction: Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (Yonathan Aditya & Carlo Magno – Indonesia) ................................................... 361m. Indigenous psychological analysis of job discontent and thoughts about resignation
among Korean police (Ji Hyuen An & Young-Shin Park – Korea) ......................... 362
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n. What makes adolescents respect their parents? An exploration study approach from Indigenous psychology
(Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Hastaning Sakti – Indonesia) .............................. 363o. Health behaviors, health belief and health knowledge in Japanese students (Akira Tsuda, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Jumpei Yajima, Hisayoshi Okamura, Ayumi Togawa,
Ke Deng, & Shigeko Tsuda – Japan)
Additional Abstract ................................................................................................... 3641. Mental Health Literacy Among University Students in Different Field of Study
(Danny Sanjaya Afrensia & Endang Retno Surjaningrum – Indonesia) ............... 3642. Learning Motivation of Baduy Luar Society at Equality School (Zarina Akbar & Gilang Nandiaputri – Indonesia) ............................................... 3653. The Relationship between Parental Attachment and Self-Esteem among
Adolescents (Nadia Ayub – Pakistan) .................................................................. 3664. Model of Trust Formation to The Mother: A Comparison Between male and Female
Adolescents (Chua Bee Seok, Rosnah Ismail, Uichol Kim, Ooh Seow Ling, & Hon Kai Yee – Malaysia) ................................................................................................... 367
5. The Role of Cultural Values in Resilience Building Block in Batak Mandailing Tribe (Ihsana Sabriani Borualogo – Indonesia) ............................................................ 368
6. Perceived Sources of Undergaduate Student’s Happinness: A Network Analysis (Anggita Dian Cahyani & Johana Endang Prawitasari – Indonesia) ..................... 369
7. Visual Therapy in Malaysian Contemporary Poster: A Study on ‘Tak Nak’ Stop Smoking Campaign (Saiful Akram Che Cob, Mohd Hafizul Bin Idham, Ghazali Bin Daimin, & Amer Shakir Bin Zainol – Malaysia) .................................................... 370
8. Optimism and Coping Among Women Who Survived Breast Cancer (Agnes Crisostomo – Phillipine) .......................................................................... 3719. Understanding the psychology of radicalization and the role of peacebuilding (Bimal Dahal & Uttam Ghimire – Thailand) ......................................................... 37310. Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Academic Procratination (Pramudita Tungga Dewi & Moh. As’ad – Indonesia) .......................................... 37411. Teachers’ perspectives on child-led disaster risk reduction strategies to increase
children’s resilience: A case study (Dian Fikriani – Australia) .............................. 37512. A Comparative Study of Perceived Cultural Variables and Its Impact on Subjective
Well-being in Vietnamese & Indian Organizations – Analysis of Select Cases (Abhijit Gangopadhyay – Vietnam) ..................................................................... 376
XXXI
13. The Influences of Children Songs and Picture Cards for the Nutrition Knowledge (PUGS and PHBS) at Elementary Schools in Bogor, West Java
(Nazhif Gifari, Imam Saloso, Panji Azahari B Tahudi, Tagor Syahputra H., Imam Faqih, & Siti Madanijah – Indonesia) ............................................................................. 378
14. Comparing Paternalistic Leadership with Relationship-Oriented and Task-Oriented Leadership Styles in terms of Employee Outcomes
(Asli Göncü & H. Canan Sümer – Turkey) ............................................................ 37915. A relaxation music for good mental health: A psychological experiment for relation
between music and listening space (Yasuhiro Goto –Japan) .............................. 38016. Ethnocentrism in Betawi People (Intaglia Harsanti & Yudha Auria – Indonesia) . 38117. Social Acceptance of Lesbians in Surabaya (Sekar Kirana Hermianto, Churnia Ragil, & Jihan Rahma – Indonesia) ............... 38218. “Maceki”, Judi ataukah Budaya? (I Gusti Ayu Putu Wulan Budisetyani – Indonesia) .............................................. 38219. The Influence of Socio Economic Status on Future Aspiration: Indigenous Psychological Analysis (Muhamad Taqiyudin, Kwartirini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim – Indonesia) ........... 38320. A Comparison between Religious Minorities and their dominant : Counterparts on Self-Esteem in Pakistan (Shahid Iqbal – Pakistan) .................... 38421. Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of Dengue Fever (DF) Viewed
by Psychological Empowerment and Sense of Community (Francisca Josef & Tina Afiatin – Indonesia) ........................................................ 38522. An Action Research Study of Students' Reaction and Perceived Enhancement of
Their Concentration through the Practice of Doodle Art (Lalit Kishore – India) .. 38723. Occupational Stress among Academic Women in Vietnam (Van Thanh Le, Htwe Htwe Thein, & Siobhan Austen – Australia) ....................... 38824. Concept Mapping Analysis of Happenstance in Career Development (Sang Min Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Sang Soo Shin, Yu Ran Seo, Jong Seon Han, Bo Young
Oh, & Jin Hui Park – Korea) ................................................................................. 39025. Factors Affecting Anger Among Male And Female Students (Lailawati Madlan, Hamidah Jarimal, Nur Farhana Ardillah Aftar, Chua Bee Seok,
Rosnah Ismail, Uichol Kim, Ooh Seow Ling, & Hon Kai Yee – Malaysia) .............. 39126. Trust Towards Father Among Young Adults: An Indigenous Psychological Study
(Mohd Dahlan Hj. A. Malek, Patricia Joseph Kimong, Rejani.T.G, & Rosnah Ismail – Malaysia) ............................................................................................................. 392
XXXII
27. Why Some Judges Are Good and Some Are Not (Çantika Marlangen – Indonesia) ........................................................................ 39328. Psychological Adjustment Among Teacher in Remote Area (Qualitative study in Sungai Palembang District, Lampung Province, Indonesia) (Herdiyan Maulana & Nancy Riana – Indonesia) ................................................ 39429. Social Capacity Building Facing The Environment Disaster Earthquake Vulnerability
Through Redial (Enhancing Right Responses for Disaster by Social Support)APPROACH (Estrina Maya L. N, Nessa Permana, Mulin Ni’am, Rury Ervina S, & Tyas S – Indonesia) ...................................................................................................... 395
30. Trus Among Adult Child-Mother Relationship: An Indigenous Psychological Study of Malaysian Sample (Puteri Hayati Megat Ahmad, Beddu Salam Baco, & Mohamad Azhar Mohammad Nor – Malaysia) .................................................................... 396
31. Happiness In People with Low Vision at Syamsi Dhuha Foundation Bandung (Suci Nugraha, Hilda Saptarini, & Farida Coralia – Indonesia) ............................ 39732. Trisandya untuk Menurunkan Agresivitas pada Anak-anak (Putu Nugraheni Widiasavitri .............................................................................. 39833. Indonesia - Personal Satisfaction In Jamu Gendong Sellers (Arifah Nur Basyiroh & Ainin Amariana – Indonesia) .......................................... 39934. Indigenous People And Their Cultures At The Melting Point In India (Karma Oraon & Ashok Oraon – India) ............................................................... 40035. Emotional Empathy Differences in Terms of Perception of School Culture and
Parenting Styles among School of Psychology Universitas Airlangga Students (Benediktus Adi Prasetyo & Rizqy Amelia Zein – Indonesia) ............................... 401
36. Difference of The Need to Belong between the Students from Surabaya and the Students from Other Cities Who Studying at Faculty of Psychology of Universitas Airlangga (Visi Puspita, Windy Auliah Sumakto, & Akhmad Fathoni Budiraharjo – Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 402
37. Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation on the Individuals on Early-Adulthood Ages (Visi Puspita, Istina Puji Rahayu, Ni Wayan Desy Ratnasari, & Yulia Putri Sanjaya – Indonesia) ................................................................................... 403
38. Family Support Role in Stress Management For Women in Prison (Istina Puji Rahayu, Ilham Nur Alfian, Lovika Romnuriani, & Maidra Fauziannisa –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 40439. Achievement Goal as a Predictor of Enterpreneur Intention (Novi Rahmawati & Amrizal Rustam – Indonesia) .............................................. 405
XXXIII
40. Peran Personal Space Terhadap Kecenderungan Bunuh Diri Narapidana di Surabaya (Ni Wayan Desy Ratnasari, Margaretha Rehulina, Grahita Nuradityarini, & Nibras Nurr Rochma – Indonesia) .................................................................................. 406
41. Subjective Well Being to Person Who Do The Seblang Bakungan (Muhammad Riza, Akhmad Fatoni Budiraharjo – Indonesia) ............................. 40742. Ekta Game to Help Reading and Writting Abilities for Pre-school Child (Muhammad
Riza, Steffanus Reddy, Rr. Ismi Murni P, & Septiana Ananda P. – Indonesia) ........ 40843. Self-Esteem Deficits Among Psychiatric Patients (Muhammad Rizwan, Riaz Ahmad,
Sarwat Jahan Khanam, & Sobia Aftab – Pakistan) ............................................... 40944. Socialization of Java’s Morality Based On Family Location and Parenting Roles
(Kumala Windya Rochmani, Kumala Windya R, & Sartini Nuryoto – Indonesia) . 41045. Concept of Self in Relational Context : Indigeneous Psychological Analysis (Sartana Sartana, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W Yuniarti, & Moh. Abdul Hakim –
Indonesia) ........................................................................................................... 41146. Creativity on the Street Children Living at Home Layover (Betty Yuliani Silalahi & Adhita Anna Syarof – Indonesia) ................................... 41247. Mysticism (Erfan) and the Quality of Life (Mohammad Ali Taheri – Iran) ........... 41348. Si Wa Ya Na Ma – Social Prejudice (Stereotype and Discrimination): An Indigeneous
Study about Leak Perception that Linked with Social Prejudice in Denpasar- Bali (Putu Ayu Meirina P.P Wedaningtyas, Ni Luh Indah Desira S, Putu Yudari Pratiwi, IGA Diah Fridari, & Yohanes K Herdiyanto – Indonesia) ............................................ 414
49. Teachers’ Competency in Implementing The Anti Bullying and Teasing Program for Preschool Classroom: Community Theme (Galuh Setia Winahyu – Indonesia) ... 415
50. Education and Poverty: The exploration of teachers’ learning capacity in school with poverty in Indonesia (Aryani Tri Wrastari – Indonesia) ....................................... 416
51. The Cross-Cultural Comparison of Dual Autonomy and Dual Self-Construal on Adaptation (Chih-Wen Wu, Kuang-Hui Yeh, Susan Cross, & Tsui-Feng Wu – Taiwan) ............ 41752. Identity, Self-Disclosure, And Privacy (Case Studies Social Media Sites Users)
(Baskara Yudha & Avin Fadilla Helmi – Indonesia) ............................................. 41853. Sadness from the Perspective of Late Adolescents in Malaysia (Suwaibah Zakaria,
Agnis Sombuling, Chua Bee Seok, Rosna Ismail, & Uichol Kim – Malaysia) ......... 41954. A Single Case Experimental Design: Using Social Stories Improve Social Skill Of
Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) (Novita & Siswati – Indonesia) ............................................................................ 420
XXXIV
55. Effectiveness of Supporting Group Therapy to Decrease Depression in Participants Tutoring That Will Following SNMPTN
(Erik, Dwi Susilowati, & Indah Amalia – Indonesia) ............................................ 42156. Students Involvement in Student Organizations Activities at Faculty of Education
Jakarta State University (Zarina Akbar, Erik, & Fitrah Imanuddin – Indonesia) .... 42257. Woman Leadership As A School Principal (Puspita Wulandari & Zarina Akbar – Indonesia) ................................................ 42358. Accomodating Learning Styles in Mathematics: A Case Study on Divergent,
Accommodative, Convergent, and Assimilative Styles (Frengky Frengky & Supra Wimbarti – Indonesia) .............................................. 42459. Why I Trust My Papa? A Comparison Across Gender Among Adolescents in East
Malaysia (Alfred Chan, Jasmine Adela Mutang, Alfred Chan Huan Zhi, Norzihan Ayub, Rosnah Ismail, & Uichol Kim – Malaysia) .................................................. 425
60. Happiness Figure on a Thief Who Lives in Kampung Maling (District of Thieves)-Surabaya (Grahita Nuradityarini, Jony Eko Yulianto, & Ilham Nuralfian – Indonesia) ......... 42661. Effect of Contemporary Dance on Anxiety in Front of Public Speaking in Adolescent
(Experimental study Art Therapy) (Hapsari Dyannita, Siswati, & Farida Hidayati – Indonesia) ................................ 42762. Happiness among Educators in Late Adulthood (Winda Dewi Listyasari & Iriani Indri Hapsari – Indonesia) ................................. 42963. Why the State Should Interfere with Your Health! Does Good Health Increase the
General Wellbeing Equally for Rich and Poor People? (Camilla Josephson, Gustav Tinghög, & David Andersson – Sweden) ................. 43064. Traditional Healthcare System of “Tagabawa-Bagobos” and the Proposed
Sustainable Healthcare Programs (Grace L. Patricio & Arlene D. Layupan – Filipina) ............................................... 43165. Is this problem prevalent only in developed countries? Self-harm in Japan and
developing countries in Southeast Asia (Yuri Sunaya – Japan) ........................... 43266. Emotional Distress in Intellectually Gifted Secondary School Children (Salman Shahzad & Zaeema Riaz – Pakistan) ..................................................... 43367. The Meaning of Happiness in I’Tikaf Person at Mosque in Ramadan Month (Yufiarti & Rita Retnowati – Indonesia) ............................................................... 434
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LETTER OF WELCOME FROM RECTOR UNIVERSITY OF
UDAYANA
Om Swastyastu,
On behalf of University of Udayana, please allow me to extend my warm regards and welcome to all distinguished colleagues
and participants of “The second International Conference for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology 2011 (ICICP 2011)” in our beloved campus, University of Udayana, Denpasar Bali.
It is a great pleasure and an honor for us to host and organize this very prestigious conference which has a great reputation in local and international academic field especially those whose interests are in indigenous and cultural psychology.
Welcome to Indonesia for all international participants. Indonesia is a great country, an archipelago with approximately 17,504 islands spread from Sabang to Merauke. Across this many islands, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnics, linguistics and religion groups. With 748 local languages, 300 ethnics group and 6 religion groups in Indonesia, it is very clear that Indonesia has a great interest in this important conference. It is the objective of ICICP 2011 using the indigenous perspective and approach to know people better and this can be use as the basic role for Indonesian government and the leaders of this country to develop and create rules, policy and procedures that is based on the origin character and culture of Indonesian people.
Let me use Balinese culture as an example. Bali is one of hundreds of ethnic in Indonesia that has its own uniqueness in culture and religion. One concept of Balinese culture is “Tri Hita Karana” which the committee has brought up as a theme in the opening ceremony, is a concept that put harmony and balanced life in the highest priority in Balinese daily life.” Tri Hita Karana” maintain harmonious relationship between human and God, human and others, and human and nature. With this concept, all Balinese people expected to obey this rule in developing the city and island in order to maintain the balance with God, Human and Nature.
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I believe all participants of this conference feel the need to understand and apply each uniqueness culture to their daily life. Therefore the theme “Factors Promoting Happiness, Health, and Quality of Life” of the 2nd ICICP 2011 is ideally suited to promote Psychology science which based on local culture, because after all, science need to be developed in order to fulfill the need of people to increase our welfare, happiness, and our quality of life.
Finally, we wish all the colleagues and participants to have enjoyable and productive conference and hope all participants can share and gain cross cultural understanding, and together we can promote indigenous and cultural psychology to create a better world.
Om Shanti Shanti Shanti Om Rector of University of Udayana, Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta, SpPD (KHOM)
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MESSAGE FROM THE DEAN OF FACULTY OF MEDICINE
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
Om Swastyastu,
It is an honor for us to welcome you to Bali, to the campus of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Udayana University to attend “The second International Conference for
Indigenous and Cultural Psychology” 2011 (ICICP 2011).
Being the host of the conference which already has a good reputation not only in Indonesian but also in International academic forum, has been a great challange and also a pride for us to make the most optimal effort in preparing this conference.
Under the theme “Factors Promoting Happiness, Health, and Quality of Life”, The ICICP 2011 would like to understand human as a person and community based on their culture so that they will be more able to reach happiness, healthy, and a better quality of life. We also hope that this conference can be a place for us to exchange experiences and developing a global network to promote the sensitive indigenous psychology for human as a person and community in culture term to answer the problems around us.
Please allow me, as the Dean of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Udayana University, to express my sincerest gratitude for The Governor of Bali, The Major of Denpasar and The Rector of Udayana University who shows a fully support and concern to te conference. And also great appreciation for the respective scholars and institution in making this conference possible.
I also would like to extend my heartfelt thanks and a great appreciation for the organization committees both from lecturers and students in Depatment of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Udayana University, for showing a fully concern and dedication to develop psychology both in Indonesia and International though they were just established three years ago.
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Finally, I wish all of you have a great conference and can apply the knowledge we got from the conference.
Om Shanti Shanti Shanti Om
Dean of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Udayana University
Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Suastika, Sp.PD‐KEMD
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Message from The Chairman of “The second International
Conference for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology” 2011
(ICICP 2011)
Om Swastyastu and greeting for all of us, As the Chairman of organizing committee and on behalf of the “The Second International Conference for Indigenous and
Cultural Psychology 2011” (ICICP 2011), please allow me to extend my warm welcome to all the dear friends who gather here in Udayana University, Denpasar – Bali. On behalf of the organizing committee, please allow me to extend a heartfell thanks to the Rector of Udayana University, Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta, SpPD (KHOM), and the Dean of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Udayana University, Prof. Dr. dr. Ketut Suastika, Sp.PD‐KEMD, for fully support and concern in this conference. For Prof. Uichol Kim, PhD, who has been a great mentor and initiator in preparing this conference. Also for the great help from the Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology (CICP) Gadjah Mada University. Let us express our sincerest gratitude for the Governor of Bali, Major of Denpasar, and for the respective scholars and institutions in making this conference possible. Last but not least, a great appreciate for the organizing committee of the conference, especially the volunteers from our students, for the tireless effort which made this conference possible. As a department who has just established for three years, being a host of a good – reputated international conference like ICICP, has been a challange and a great honor for us through our inexperience. But this also become our strength to prepare the conference in the most optimal way. ICICP has been held for the second time. First, at July 24 – 27, 2010 in Yogyakarta which has been hosted by Center for Indigenous and Cultural, Faculty of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University. By that time, there were 402 participants gathered from 30 countries and consisted of 5 continents. In this second ICICP, the committees has accepted 377 participants from 20 countries that also consists of the 5 continents. Thanks to the tireless effort from the scientific
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committees who stayed focus in selecting the abstracts that has been submitted by the participants. It is such a great pleasure for the committees to know the participants’ enthusiasm in contributing in this conference. The theme “Factors Promoting Happiness, Health, and Quality of Life”, gives priority to enclose psychology through the culture of each community to gain happiness, healthy, and a better well – being. The conference provides a golden opportunities in exchanging ideas and further collaboration so psychology can discern a community from the perspective of the community itself. We, as the organizing committee of the conference are putting our best effort in making your visit become enjoyble and comfortable. Please allow us to extend a warm welcome for all of you to give us some suggestions and recommendations for a better future. Finally, we wish you have a great conference and have a pleasant trip in enjoying the beauty of Bali as the “The Island of Paradise”. Om Shanti Shanti Shanti Om The Chairman of “The second International Conference for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology” 2011 (ICICP 2011) Yohanes Kartika Herdiyanto
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Conference Committee
Steering Committee
Prof. Dr. dr. I Made Bakta Sp.PD‐KHOM (Rector of University of Udayana)
Prof. DR.dr. Ketut Swastika, Sp.PD‐KEMD (Dean of Faculty of Medicine)
Prof. Dr.dr Putu Astawa, Sp.OT, M.Kes
dr. Komang Januartha P. Pinatih, M.Kes
Dr. dr. Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa, M.Si
Dra. Hilda Sudhana M.Kes.
Scientific Committee
Prof. Uichol Kim (Inha University, Korea)
Prof. Faturochman (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Dra. Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti M.Med, Sc, Ph.D (Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia)
Drs. Supriyadi M.S (Universitas Udayana, Bali).
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Keynote Speakers
1. Prof. Uichol Kim, Inha University, Korea
2. Prof. Faturochman, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
3. Prof. Susumu Yamaguchi, The University Of Tokyo, Japan
4. Prof. Kwang‐Kuo Hwang, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
5. Prof. Akira Tsuda, Kurume University, Japan
6. Prof. Rosnah Ismail, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
7. Nadia Ward, Ph.D, Yale University, USA
8. Margret Rueffler, Ph.D, PPP Institut, Germany
Organizing committee
Chairman : Yohanes Kartika Herdiyanto
Secretary : David Hizkia Tobing
Treasurer : Dewi Puri Astiti, L.K Pande Ary S
Secretariat : Tience Debora Valentina, Made Sri Inten (Coordinator)
A.A Sagung Suari Dewi
I Pt Galang Darma P.S
Ayu Saraswati
Ida Ayu Gede Sri Evitasari
Ni Nyoman Wiranti
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Program : Made Diah Lestari (Coordinator)
Putu Hening Wedanthi
Demira Shaifa
Ayu Meirina
Indah Desira
Yudari Pratiwi
NyomanWiraadi Tria
Ni Luh Arick Istriyanti
Kristofel
Putu Tania Lita Devi
Ni Luh Komang Apsariyanti
Desak Made Sumartani
Ni Luh Mirah Laksmi Dewi
Widya Dharma
Winda Febri Mustika
Dewa ayu Diah TPPN
Dwi mahardini
Komang Diatmi
Christina P.J
Benny Sutrisna
Indra Surya
Article Production :Supriyadi (Coordinator)
Agustini Kurnia
Putu Srie Wedha Y
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Transportation :I.G.A.P Wulan Budisetyani, Luh Made Karisma S (Coordinator)
Kenny Rani Eva Dewi
Nago Tejena
IA Ananda Manuaba
Jessica Ayu Liana
Ni Made Adelia Surya Anjani
Aditya Pratama
Paul Kevin Manalu
Accomodation :I.G.A Diah Fridari, Putu Nugraeheni S (Coordinator)
I Gde Dhika Widharnandana
Ida Ayu Hutri Dhara Sasmita
Sponsorship :Komang Rahayu I (Koordinator)
Audy Ayu Arisha Dewi
Ratih Dwi Oktarini
Ida Ayu Surya Dwipayanti
Ni Kadek Widhi Dwi Sekarsari
Eko Budi Sutrismiyanto
IB Raden Raditya M
Bagus Ari Nugraha Suela
Nyoman Riana Dewi
Komang Sri Widiantari
Ketut Ariyani Kartika putri
Ida Ayu Alit
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I A Maitry Sanjiwani
Diah Ayu Anggreni
Adelia Kesumaningsari
Grace Noviana Candra
Logistic : Adijanti Marhaeni (Coordinator)
I A Gd Bintang P D
A.A.Sg Weni Kumala Sari
Ida Ayu Pradnya Paramitha
Made Sintya Noviana U
Yanthi Ary A
Vebby D Ardyanti
Yolanda Budi Aitama
I G A Mirah Suwanita
Documentation :Prema Diani (Coordinator)
Mira Pramitya
Devita Maharani
Novia Purnamasari
Padma Dewi Bajirani
Equipments : Nicholas Simarmata (Coordinator)
Ganda Yogie Wiguna
A.A.G. Gita Galah Gumilang
A.A.G. Ariputra Sancahya
I Gede Ayana W.P.T.
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I.P. Sonny Mandala Putra
Dita Wiradiputra
Benny Sedana Putra
Respianto
A.A.G. Putra Sastra P.
Dwitya Wisesa
Security and first Aid :Yande Prayoga (Coordinator)
Nyoman Adi Krisna Wibawa
I Dewa Gede Udayana Putra
Febian Dwiduonova
Intan WJ
Ariesta Handoko Pratama
Putu Surya Parama Putra
Ni Putu Rahayu Indrawati
Putu Agus Suadnyana
Gusti Ngurah Dwiputra W
Hygiene : Winda Martalisa
A.A. Raka Narayana
Nyoman Angga Wirama
Ni Putu Natalya
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Keynote Address
(Thursday, December 22, 2011 at 08.30‐12.45)
Keynote address I (08.30‐09.00)
Individualism vs Relationalism: Why we need a scientific revolution for the progress of indigenous
Kwang Kuo Hwang
President AAICP and National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Keynote address II (09.00‐09.30)
Facet of well‐being in Indonesia
Faturochman
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
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Keynote address III (09.30‐10.00)
Self esteem and modesty: An indigenous perspective
Susumu Yamaguchi
The University of Tokyo, Japan
Keynote address IV (10.00‐10.30)
The psychology of nations
Margret Rueffler
PPP Institut, Germany
Cofee break (10.30.10.45)
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Keynote address V (10.45‐.11.15)
Stress management of multiethnic women in rural areas: The effectiveness of stress management modules
Rosnah Ismail University Malaysia, Sabah
Keynote address VI (11.15‐.11.45)
Biopsychological approach to stress and health: Recent advances
Akira Tsuda
Kurume University, Japan
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Keynote address VII (11.45‐.12.15) Reducing Educational Disparities through Primary Prevention Efforts: A Model of
Urban School Reform
Nadia Ward
Yale University, USA
Keynote address VIII (12.15‐12.45)
What makes people happy, healty and living long? Indigenous, psychological and cultural analysis
Uichol Kim
College of Business Administration, Inha University, Korea
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SYMPOSIUM (BAHASA SESSION SESSION, 1st DAY)
SYMPOSIUM A‐1 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 09:30 – 10:30 Room: Theater (4th floor)
SADNESS, ANGER AND EMOTION REGULATION
159 Endang Mariani & Dianti E. Kusumawardhani
“Mengayau”: The Role of Collective Indigenous Emotion in Turning Ordinary People into Evil In Ethnic Conflict Situation
Indonesia
248 Adi Suadnyana, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
Causes of Anger in Daily Life Among Male and Female Senior High School Students in Indonesia: An Indigenous Psychology Perspective
Indonesia
318 Arifah Nur Basyiroh & Ainin Amariana (chair)
Personal Satisfaction In Jamu Gendong Sellers
Indonesia
319 Arick Istriyanti, Aryani Kartika, Hening Wedanthi, Ayu Andini, Vebby Ardiyanthi, & Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri
Sadness Perspective In "Bali Aga" Local Culture: Indigenous Studies As The Reason of Sadness in Tenganan Village Teenagers
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM A‐2 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 09:30 – 10:30 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
CULTURAL LEADERSHIP STYLE
39 Ratri Atmoko Benedictus (chair) Social Harmony or Social Justice?:Understanding Javanese Leader on Solving the Social Conflict
Indonesia
244 Nina Zulida Situmorang The effect of optimism and work family balance on subjective well‐being of Indonesian women leader
Indonesia
250 Hilda Sudhana & Supriyadi Balinese Woman's Leadership Pattern
Indonesia
18
277 Urip Wahyudin & Nina Zulida Situmorang
‘Mambil’ Leader : Leadership Style Based Indigenous Cultural in Korowai Ethnic, Papua
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM A‐3 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 09:30 – 10:30 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
PERCEPTION OF HEALTHY LIFE STYLE AND COPING BEHAVIOR
206 Wahyu Rahardjo & Intaglia Harsanti
Getting Understand to the Attitude of the Center of Public Health: Case Study at People of Cimareme, North Bandung, West Java
Indonesia
266 Sri Tiatri & Jap Tji Beng Considering Senam Resiliensi as a Part of Healthy Life Style: A Study of Body Weight of Orphans in Central Java, Indonesia
Indonesia
287 Mochamad Widjanarko, Mochamad Widjanarko, Mohammad Khasan, & Teguh Budi Utomo (chair)
The Coping Behaviour of The Community Toward Flood
Indonesia
301 Ria Yuliana & M. Adi Nugroho Hardiness Personality of Jamu Gendong Seller
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM A‐4 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 09:30 – 10:30 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
FAMILY INFLUENCE ON HAPPINESS AND SELF‐EFFICACY
15 Nia Andriyani Hadisastro & Dinie Ratri Desiningrum
Closeness Differences in Between Father and Mother and Influence on the Son’s and Daughter’s Happiness
Indonesia
19
67 Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Karyono Closeness to Mother and Its Impact on Mother‐Child Conflict and Self‐Efficacy
Indonesia
100 Cahyani Indah Triani & Kartika Sari Dewi
The Relation of Father Support, Living Area, and Ethnic Background to Father‐Adolescent Closeness in Indonesia : Indigenous Perspective
Indonesia
122 Kharisma Primadewi & Imam Setyawan (chair)
Indigenous Psychological Analysis of Closeness Relationship and Its Relation to Happiness (How Undergraduate Students Perceived Closeness to Their Father)
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM B‐1 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 10:45 – 12:30 Room: Theater (4th floor)
FAMILY INFLUENCE ON HAPPINESS, DISHONESTY AND RESPECT
139 Sri Lestari, M. G. Adiyanti, & Faturochman
Why people do dishonesty? An indigenous study in Javanese family
Indonesia
140 Sri Lestari, M. G. Adiyanti, & Faturochman
Respect in Parent‐child Relationship in Javanese Family
Indonesia
150 Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Siswati, & Farida Hidayati
Indigenous Fathering based on father’s educational level and occupation in Semarang‐Central Java Indonesia
Indonesia
157 Adijanti Marheni (chair) The Relationship Between Authoritative Parenting Style and Balinese Adolescent Happiness (An Indigenous Psychological Analysis)
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM B‐2 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 10:45 – 12:30 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
20
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW OF LOCAL WISDOM
10 Gani Aji Prihantoro, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Unika Prihatsanti
The Differences of respect between Father and Mother among adolescents in Indonesia based on Demographic Status (Sex, Living Area, Economical Status)
Indonesia
23 Dewi Arum WMP (chair) Tri Hita Karana as the Philosophy of Parenting Practice of Bali Aga (Indigenous Balinese) Society: Indigenous Psychological Review of Balinese Society in Penglipuran Village, Bangli‐Bali
Indonesia
25 Dewi Astiti, Luh Made Karisma Sukmayanti, IGA Wulan Budisetya, & Tience Debora
Psychological Dynamic among Balliness Women on “Nyentana” Tradition
Indonesia
52 Dessi Christanti & Muhammad Iqbal
Corruption In The Eyes Of Indonesian Children
Indonesia
102 Yosephine Dian Indraswari Woman’s Role in Peace Building Process in Maluku, North Maluku and Central Sulawesi
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM C‐1 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Theater (4th floor)
PERSPECTIVES WORK STRESS, HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING
1 Muslihati (chair) The Values of Maduranesse Proverbs Related to Work, Interpersonal Relationship and Well‐Being
Indonesia
2 Nanik Diagnosis, Counseling and Treatment : Universal Perspectives
Indonesia
5 Azizatul Adni healthy inside good result outside Indonesia 216 Domnina Rani Puna Rengganis Contribution of Job Stress on
Employee Productive Behavior Indonesia
21
367 Handrix Chrisharyanto Compliance of Public Transportation (Angkot) Driver Toward Traffic Regulation In Semarang City (A Phenomenological Study)
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM C‐2 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
TRADITIONAL TREATMENT IN HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE
31 Ferlis Bahari, Rosnah Ismail, & Murnizam Halik
Konsep dan Kategori Awal Makna Kebahagiaan dalam Kalangan Pesakit Spinal Cord Injury di Sabah, Malaysia
Malaysia
231 Anak Agung Gede Ariputra Sancahya, Nyoman Adi Krisna Wibawa, I Gde Dhika Widarnandana, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
Usadha Ancestral Heritage: Indigenous Studies Against Belief's In The Balinese Traditional Medicine
Indonesia
278 Urip Wahyudin & Nina Zulida Situmorang
Quality of Life in Isolated Traditional Communities at Asmat Ethnic, Papua
Indonesia
363 Aisah Indati (chair) Psychological Well‐Being of the Javanese Elderly in Rural Area Based on the Physical Conditions
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM C‐3 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
CULTURAL CONCEPT AS SOCIAL SUPPORT OF PSYCHODYNAMIC SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING
58 Nefi Darmayanti The role of Optimism and Social Support on Subjective well‐being of Survival Adolescent From Aceh Tsunami 2004
Indonesia
22
105 Muhammad Iqbal & Dessi Christanti
ARISAN : The way to save money Case Study in Fisherman Community In Kenjeran Surabaya
Indonesia
141 Sri Lestari, Bimo Walgito, M. G. Adiyanti, & Faturochman
The Concept of Rukun in Javanese’s Perspective
Indonesia
153 Mohhamad Mahpur (chair) Psychodynamics of free time in cangkrukan‐jagongan custom at Dusun Sidowayah, Sidoharjo, Ponorogo
Indonesia
155 Ariana Marastuti Understanding the Masculinity Concept and Perception toward Intimate Partner Aggressive Behavior in the Javanese‐Muslim Context
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM C‐4 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
HAPPINESS AND ITS CAUSE
33 Made Padma Dewi Bajirani, Komang Diatmi, Made Yanthi Ary Agustini, & David Hizkia Tobing
Contributor of Balinese Adolescent’s Happiness Based on Catur Wangsa (An Indigenous Psychology Approach)
Indonesia
245 Nina Zulida Situmorang (chair) A lingkage of Happiness and Women's career success
Indonesia
259 Luh Kadek Pande Ary Susilawati Apakah Yang Membuat Lansia (Old People) Bali Bahagia: Studi Eksplorasi Pendekatan Psikologi Indigenous
Indonesia
304 Heidi Patricia & Agnes Fellicia Budiman
Irational Belief, Local Coping Response, and Happiness of Nyctophobia Sufferers
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM D‐1 Will be held in Bahasa
23
Wednesday, December 21 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Theater (4th floor)
PARENTAL VALUES, PRESSURE AND ITS IMPACT ON ADOLESCENTS AND CHILD
184 Herfina Oshita Suwartono & Jati Ariati
How mother’s pressure will affect adolescents self‐efficacy, happiness and academic achievement?
Indonesia
200 Eny Purwandari Similarities and Differences Parents and Children’s Values
Indonesia
205 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Novi Qonitatin (chair)
Conflict Among Parent‐Child based on Gender, Age and Parental Support : An Indigenous Psychology Parent‐Child Relationship Study
Indonesia
229 Amaliyah Salsabiela, Ainin Amariana, & Faliha Muthmainah
Aktualisasi Nilai Hormat Anak Kepada Orangtua Melalui Kemampuan Berbahasa Kromo Inggil pada Masyarakat Jawa
Indonesia
284 Beta Kurnia Arriza, Costrie Ganes W, & Prasetyo Budi Widodo
Parental Values and its Impact to Children Ethnic and Religion Identification: Indigenous Parent‐Child Relationship Study
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM D‐2 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
SOCIAL INFLUENCE AND ROLE OF EMOTION IN OUR LIFE
85 Iriani Indri Hapsari & Herdiyan Maulana
The differences between self acceptance of parent with handicapped children based on their involvement within the group with same interest and for those who have not involve with the support group
Indonesia
240 Zafira Shabrina, Banyu Wicaksono, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
How Indonesian Students Perceive Strangers: Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
24
246 Christiana Hari Soetjiningsih Life Satisfaction Differences Between University Students from Ambon and Nusa Tenggara Timur Ethnic
Indonesia
310 Ketut Sudhana Astika (chair) Enlargement Territory, Help Village and Village Conflict in Bali Phenomenon (Case Studies of Villages Conclict in Bali)
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM D‐3 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
WELL‐BEING AND CULTURAL CONTEXT
22 Ridho Ariono & Wahyu Rahardjo (chair)
Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Well‐Being in Gay Male
Indonesia
194 Lila Pratiwi & Aliah B. Purwakania Hasan
Meaning of life as mediator of the relationship between Islamic Piety and Wisdom on Emerging Adulthood
Indonesia
56 Luthfi Fathan Dahriyanto, Kuntjoro, Lukmawati, Dhinik Rusinami, & Magda Bhinnety Etsem
Happiness Among Young Adults In Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta
Indonesia
326 Ni Putu Natalya, Sintha Dewi Aryaningrat, Made Virgo Baharirama, & Tience Debora Valentina
Hubungan Antara Intensitas Pembelajaran Tari Bali dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Anak Usia 7 sampai 11 Tahun di Dusun Bona Kecamatan Blahbatuh Kabupaten Gianyar
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM (ENGLISH SESSION 2nd DAY)
25
KEYNOTE ADDREES 1 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 08:30 – 10:30 Room: Theater (4th floor)
Kwang‐Kuo Hwang, President AAICP, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Individualism vs Relationalism: Why we need a scientific revolution for the progress of indigenous
Taiwan
Faturochman, Dean, Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Facet of well‐being in Indonesia Indonesia
Susumu Yamaguchi, Professor The University of Tokyo, Japan
Self esteem and modesty: An indigenous perspective
Japan
Margret Rueffler, PPP Institute, Germany
The Psychology of Nations Germany
KEYNOTE ADDREES 2 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 10:45 – 12:45 Room: Theater (4th floor)
Rosnah Ismail, Professor Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
Stress Management of Multiethnic Women In Rural Areas: The Effectiveness of The Stress Training Modules
Malaysia
Akira Tsuda, Professor Kurume University, Japan
Biopsychological approach to stress and health: Recent advances
Japan
Nadia Ward, Yale University, USA Reducing Educational Disparities through Primary Prevention Efforts: A Model of Urban School Reform
USA
Uichol Kim, Professor Inha University, Korea
What makes people happy, healthy and living long? Indigenous, psychological and cultural analysis
Korea
INVITED SYMPOSIUM E‐1:
USA
Will be held in English
26
Thursday, December 22 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Theater (4th floor)
Chair: Jorge Wong
291 Jorge Wong Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery
USA
Sarita Kohli Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery
USA
Kao Saechao Cultural Competence Treatment through Wellness and Recovery
USA
INVITED SYMPOSIUM E‐2:
JAPAN
Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
Chair: George Koike and Akira Tsuda
262 Gohichi Tanaka, Hisayoshi Okamura, Yuichi Kato, Masami Horiguchi, Haruko Ogasawara, & Akira Tsuda
Association between the eating behavior and a chronic stress as indexed by allostatic load in healthy young men
Japan
92 Okamura Hisayoshi, Tsuda Akira, & Yajima Jumpei
The association between sleeping time and Psychobiological Stress Responses Induced by Mental Stress Testing
Japan
127 George Koike Comprehensive strategy for managing metabolic syndrome ~An unique application of transtheoretical model~
Japan
263 Yoshiyuki Tanaka & Akira Tsuda The Perceived Well‐being contributes to the Stress‐Management Behavior: The effect of Transtheoretical Model (TTM)‐based Intervention onto Japanese University Students
Japan
SYMPOSIUM E‐3 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
27
floor)
ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR WORLD
113 Ling Jin, Byeori Seong, Jaewon Yang, & Eunjoo Yang
The mediation effect of university belongingness in the relationship between self‐efficacies in career and academic domains and psychological adjustment
Korea
124 Keunhwa Kim, Minyoung Lee, & Boyoung Kim
The Influence of Effort–Reward Imbalance on Academic Burnout: Latent growth Curve Model Approach
Korea
132 Chae Yeon Lee, Yang Min Park, & Boyoung Kim
Longitudinal Analysis on Burnout in Middle and High School Korean Teachers
Korea
156 Yunita Mardiani & David Hizkia Tobing (chair)
Using Structured Debating Methodology to Increase Adolescents Tolerance
Indonesia
173 Hyun Kyung Noh & Hyojung Shin Developmental Processes of Academic Burnout in Korean Middle School Students
Korea
177 Fathul Lubabin Nuqul & Zulfikar Ali Farizi
Different Foods, Different Cognitive Ability: A Study Effect of Glycemic Index Caution Toward Attention Ability
Indonesia
286 Jeanita Deli Widjaja & Titik Kristiyani
Jealousy Level in College Student Relationship’s Duration and Self Confidence Level: Study in USD
Indonesia
299 Jang You‐Jin, Hyojung Shin, & Minyoung Lee
Longitudinal Relationship between Teacher Burnout and Depression
Korea
SYMPOSIUM E‐4 Will be held in English
Thursday, December
22
14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
ART AND CULTURE RELATED HUMAN BEHAVIOR
28
148 Warda Lisa, Prabowo Hendro, Marissa Aski, Salve Henny Regina, & Darham Inur (chair)
Symbol in Guided Imagery and Music Indonesia
95 Bonar Hutapea An Exploratory Study on Humor Style of Toba Batak
Indonesia
119 Diah Karmiyati Javanese Successful Aging Indonesia 160 Aski Marissa &
Hendro Prabowo Local Content of Art Expression in Transpersonal Psychotherapy
Indonesia
207 Wahyu Rahardjo & FX. Yoseptian Lee
Social Physique Anxiety, Self‐Esteem, and Body Image on Gymnastic User Male
Indonesia
12 Kaori Ando & Yumi Ohbuchi
Determinants of pro‐environmental behaviors in China and Japan –the role of estimation of others’ behaviors
Japan
290 Ni Nyoman Wiranti, Ida Ayu Gede Sri Evitasari, A A Sagung Weni Kumala Ratih, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
Ritual and Culture as a Media to Find Balinese Adolescents Self‐Identity : Indigenous Psychology Approach
Indonesia
209 Diana Rahmasari & Sofia Retnowati
Self Esteem, Assertively, Coping Strategy with Depression in Javanese and Madurenes Teenagers
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM F‐1 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Theater (4th floor)
DISASTER, CULTURAL CONTEXT AND IDENTITY RELATED HUMAN BEHAVIOR
110 Jap Tji Beng, Sri Tiatri, & Bernard Amadeus Jaya (chair)
Festivals as unique traditions to promote collective efficacy as a way for community enablement: A case study of Festivities in Pontianak, Singkawang, and Cirebon
Indonesia
29
120 Ni Putu Adelia Kesumaningsari, Agustini Kurnia, Christian Natalia, Yohanes K. Herdiyanto, & Supriyadi
A Preliminary Study of Indegenous Psychology : Balinese Adolescences’ Orientation Toward Catur Wangsa in relation with Self‐esteem in Social Interaction
Indonesia
168 Hannah Misha Morrillo Preserving cultural identity: The Boracay Ati’s attainment of collective well‐being through their adaptation to their island‐resort home.
Phillipines
215 Nindyah Rengganis Multilayer Perceived Future of Survivor: Personal‐Family‐Community
Indonesia
292 Gabriella Wongso, Emmanuela Arryna Budiman, & Shamsul Haque
Examining the timing of important life events: A cross‐cultural study in Malaysia and Indonesia
Malaysia
346 Bonar Hutapea Materialism, Cultural Values Orientation, and Life Satisfaction of Internal Migrants: An Investigation among Toba Batak in Jakarta
Indonesia
254 Julia Suleeman What I still remember about earthquake: Stories from Yogyakarta 2006 earthquake youth survivors
Indonesia
285 Tiara R Widiastuti Feeling of earthquake survivors towards future
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM F‐2 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY IN WORK PLACE
42 Seong Byeori, Mina Jung, Byeori Seong, Jeung Hae Eum, & Eunjoo Yang
The relationship of career decision making styles, occupational engagement, and career maturity
Korea
131 Bo Hyun Lee, Boram Kim, Sunny Chang, & Sun Hwa Jung (chair)
The development of career‐related planned happenstance
Korea
30
scale
133 Sang Min Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Sang Soo Shin, Yu Ran Seo, Jong Seon Han, Bo Young Oh, & Jin Hui Park
Concept Mapping Analysis of Happenstance in Career Development
Korea
137 Seung‐Min Lee, Sul‐A Yook, Ji Young Lee, Geunyoung Kim, & Jaewon Yang
Importance of high exploration and commitment in ego identity as an antecedent of career preparation behavior
Korea
255 Jung Sun Hwa, Bo Young Choi, Boram Kim, Sunny Chang, & Bohyun Lee
Individual’s Work Value in Career Development
Korea
256 Kim SungYeon, GeumJae Joo, Mina Jung, & Eunjoo Yang
The interaction effect between anxiety and rational decision making style on career exploration behaviors.
Korea
170 Suk Kyung Nam, Eunjoo Yang, & Geum Jae Joo
Seeking Help in Career Counseling Korea
343 Seydi Ahmet Satici, Ahmet Akin, Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ, Seda Yilmaz
The Relationship Between Compassionate Love and Authenticity
Turkey
SYMPOSIUM F‐3 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
ADOLESCENTS AND THEIR WORLD
87 Dyah Hayuningtyas, Niken Rarasati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, & Moh. Abdul Hakim
Achievement Support for Indonesian High School Student: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
308 Moordiningsih (chair) Family as a Source of Happiness and Achievement: Indigenous Psychology
Indonesia
57 Ira Darmawanti, Dewi Retno Suminar, & M.M.W. Tairas
Training of Identification of Early Special Need Children as an Alternative to Enhance
Indonesia
31
Kindergarten Teachers Professionalism
68 Aswendo Dwitantyanov, Farida Hidayati, & Dian Ratna Sawitri
The Effect of Positive Thinking Training to Academic Self‐Efficacy at College Student
Indonesia
214 Yusuf Ratu Agung Humor as Psychotherapy’s Choice in an Islamic Boarding School (Pesantren)
Indonesia
189 Yopina G. Pertiwi, Avin Fadilla Helmi, & Fauzan Heru Santhoso
To ‘Exist’ is To Get Online: The Identity of Indonesian Adolescents of Social Networks Generation
Indonesia
107 Umi Izzati Implementation Group Counseling with Peer Group Techniques to Improve Interpersonal Competency in Orphanage Teenagers
Indonesia
235 Prabu Mahaputra Adhipradana Sartono & Julia Suleeman
The construction of school well‐being scale for tertiary students
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM F‐4 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 16:15 – 18:15 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY IN EDUCATION
180 Mistety Oktaviana & Djuwarijah The Relationship between Empathy Ability and Tendency of Juvenile Delinquency
Indonesia
233 Ima Santika Jayati & M. A. Subandi The Mature Personality of Early Adults Indigo
Indonesia
43 Surya Cahyadi Emotions as Mediator of the Relations Between Motivational Beliefs and Achievement in Math: A Study With Sudanese
Indonesia
32
212 Niken Rarasati & Moh. Abdul Hakim
Javanese student’s future orientation and support for it’s effort: An indigenous psychological analysis
Indonesia
288 Supra Wimbarti (chair) Mathematics Gifted and Their Learning Styles
Indonesia
294 Aryani Tri Wrastari The Analysis of Hierarchical Linear Modeling of Student and School Effects on Indonesian Student Scientific Achievement
Indonesia
307 Anita Zulkaida, Anita Zulkaida, Trida Cynthia, & Widaningrum
Making Meaning In Student: Indigenous Psychology Perspective
Indonesia
311 Maria Theresia Asti Wulandari & Faturochman
Meaning of Peacebuilding for Survivors of Violence
Indonesia
INVITED SYMPOSIUM G‐1 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 09:00 – 10:30 Room: Theater (4th floor)
UNIVERSITY OF GADJAH MADA, INDONESIA
Chair: Faturochman
3 Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Annisa Deviandaru Tilottama, & Faturochman
Identifying the Dynamics of Indonesian’s Distrust to Strangers: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
4 Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Annisa Deviandaru Tilottama, & Faturochman
Identification of Indonesian Politician’s Untrustworthiness and Political Apathy from the Grass‐Root Perspective
Indonesia
190 Ardian Praptomojati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Difa Ardiyanti, & Faturochman
Trustworthiness in Trusting Parents among Adolescent: an Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
204 Lusiana Yashinta Ellysa Putri, Difa Ardiyanti, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, & Faturochman
Identification of the Teachers’ Trustworthiness for Senior High School Students in Yogyakarta: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
33
283 Banyu Wicaksono, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Difa Ardiyanti, & Faturochman
Criteria for Close Friends Trustworthiness among High‐School Students and Regular Workers: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
INVITED SYMPOSIUM G‐2 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 09:00 – 10:30 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
UNIVERSITY OF DIPONEGORO, INDONESIA
Chair: Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti
9 Gani Aji Prihantoro & Kartika Sari Dewi
Respect and Conflict with Father among Adolescent’s in Indonesia
Indonesia
34 Beta Kurnia Arriza & Dinie Ratri Desiningrum
Adolescent Happiness in Terms of Ethnicity, Religion Identification and Parental Support
Indonesia
35 Cahyani Indah Triani Who’s The Happiest one?: Closeness and Respect on Mother Adolescent Relationship
Indonesia
152 Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Endah Kumala Dewi, & Diana Rusmawati
Conflict and happiness during adolescence: An Indigenous study of mother‐adolescents relationship
Indonesia
227 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti How mothering will affect children’s happiness?: parent‐child relationship indigenous psychology perspective
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM G‐3 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 09:00 – 10:30 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
SELF AND COMMUNITY
7 Laelatus Agustina & Endang Kumala Dewi
Self Acceptance in Physical Disabilities
Indonesia
34
61 Alba Diaz (chair) "Effectiveness of Community Health Workers Working Locally and Internationally: The Ulyses Syndrome."
USA
129 Irine Kurniastuti, Irine Kurniastuti, Andrian Liem, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
Stress and Coping in Students : An Exploration Study
Indonesia
143 Andrian Liem The Meaning of Health for Prambanan's (Indonesia) Youth : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
165 Mohammad Ali Mazaheri SELF Beyond Self: An Iranian‐Islamic Enlightment Perspective on Healthy Personality
Iran
345 Yulius Yusak Ranimpi Poverty, Mental health, and Domestic Violence: Preliminary Study in NTT
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM G‐4 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 09:00 – 10:30 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
STUDENTS AND THEIR WORLD
54 Trida Cynthia & Anita Zulkaida What Makes The Colleges Students Sad? : An Exploration Study
Indonesia
73 Maya Fitria & Avin Fadilla Helmi Gender Equity and Reproductive Rights In Pesantren
Indonesia
179 Devita Septiani Nursalim & M.L. Anantasari
The Autonomy Difference Between Woman University Students Who Live in Dormitory and Woman University Students Who Live in Free Boarding House
Indonesia
197 Putri Priyambodo, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The Influence of Friends on The Emotion of Indonesian Students: Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
35
224 Ni Komang Sabeh, Niken Rarasati, Dyah Ratri Ismi Hayuningtyas, & Moh. Abdul Hakim
The Significant Persons and Their Support for Senior High School Student’sAchievement: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
253 Julia Suleeman (chair) Efforts to identify barriers to students’ adjustment to campus life
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM H‐1 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 10:45 – 12:15 Room: Theater (4th floor)
WELL‐BEING ACROSS CULTURE
115 Kaptiphat Kaednok, Rattana Chanthao, & Marasri Sorthip
Fon Phi Fa (dance): Psychology of Phutai’s traditional treatment
Thailand
121 Aphichat Khamwiloet & Kopchai Rat‐ubon
Medicine in Palm Leaves: Local Culture of Lao’s Treatment
Thailand
260 Kazuyo Suzuki Cultural identity and well‐being of intercultural children with Japanese ancestry living in Indonesia
Japan
238 Berlian Gressy Septarini Well‐Being across Cultures: The Impact of Cultural, Individual, and Job Characteristics on Employee Well‐Being
Indonesia
258 Wutthinan Suporn, Rattana Chanthao, & Nashakoon Singsena
Phaya: love, happiness in traditional communication
Thailand
62 Surendra Nath Dubey & Asha Dubey (chair)
Yoga for Happiness, Health and Quality of Life
India
SYMPOSIUM H‐2 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 10:45 – 12:15 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY SCALE
111 Edo Sebastian Jaya, Lathifah Hanum, & Dharmayati Utoyo Lubis
Indigenous psychological well‐being for the elderly measurement
Indonesia
36
265 Irene Tarakanita & Meilani Rohinsa
Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure Scores in a Sample of Adolescents Chinese From Bandung West‐Java
Indonesia
269 Jeong ho Uhm, Ji Hee Lee, Sung Yoon Park, Ji hae Lee, Chae‐Yeon Lee, & Sang Min Lee
The Criterion‐Related Validity of Resilience Scale: Self‐Reported Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale
Korea
327 Yao‐An Tsai, Ya‐Hui Su, & Shih‐Ming Li
Development of the Social Distance Scale and the Schizophrenia Stereotype Questionnaire using Rasch Analysis
Taiwan
341 Seydi Ahmet Satici & Ahmet Akin Anger Rumination Scale: Validity and Reliability Study of the Turkish Version
Turkey
81 Moh. Abdul Hakim & Johana E. Prawitasari‐Hadiyono (chair)
The Secondorder confirmatory factor analysis of Indonesians’ happiness: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM H‐3 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 10:45 – 12:15 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
PARENTAL VALUES AND ITS INFLUENCE THEIR SON’S AND DAUGHTER’S
14 Nia Andriyani Hadisastro Does mother’s values will influence son’s self‐efficacy and academic achievement?: Indigenous Mother‐Son Relationship Perspective
Indonesia
16 Kharisma Primadewi, Imam Setyawan, Ika Febrian Kristiana,& Erin Ratna Kustanti
Does Father‐Daughter Closeness Influenced Their Daughter’s Academic Achievement? : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
36 Kharisma Primadewi (chair) How sons and daughter learned values from their mother? Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
37
183 Nia Andriyani Hadisastro & Costrie Ganes Widayanti
Parenting style based on Educational Level, Marital Status and Parent’s Occupation : An Indigenous Psychological Approach
Indonesia
126 Merly Aclin Nuasizta Klaas, S.A Kristianingsih, & Jusuf Tjahjo P
Child Rearing in the Indigenous Rotiness
Indonesia
332 Edward Andriyanto Soetardhio & Fatharani Nadhira
Overimitation Development in Children with Different Social Economic Status and Culture
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM H‐4 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 10:45 – 12:15 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
SITUATIONS RELATED WITH ILLNESS CONDITION
351 Tutty Sodjakusumah, Elmira N. Sumintardja, Rismiyati E.Koesma, & Marisa F. Moeliono
Research on Personal Values as Determinant Factor of the Mentally Healthy Behavior of Five Ethnic in Western Part of Indonesia Groups
Indonesia
49 Sheauer Chen Living with Ambiguity: Cope and Hope -Example of Fathers' Coping with Children with Autism
Taiwan
83 Eko Handayani, Jaja Netra Puspita, & SR Retno Pudjiati
Title of the presentation: Family Resiliency in family of child with cancer :study from different culture in Indonesia
Indonesia
172 Estrina Maya Laily Ni’mah & Rr. Indahria Sulistyarini
Encouraging Resilience For Mother With Autism Child Through Emotion Regulation Training
Indonesia
270 Nida Ul Hasanat (chair) Expressed‐Emotion in Family: Study in People with Type II Diabetes
Indonesia
355 Nurul Ayu Istiqomah & MG. The Correlation Intergenerational Indonesia
38
Adiyanti Transmission of Empathy and Bullying
SYMPOSIUM I‐1 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Theater (4th floor)
CULTURAL FACTORS IMPACT IN OUR DAILY LIFE
24 Chysanti Arumsari & Bernard Amadeus Jaya
The Role of “Makan Pinang” in Rado Village, Wasior, West Papua
Indonesia
74 Diah Fridari and Made Sri Inten How Working Balinese Women understand and perceive “Banten” / Offerings to God in their modern way of life
Indonesia
112 Bernard Amadeus Jaya The Culture of “Bertandang” and Eating Habits of Children and Infants in Semuntik Village, Nanga Badau, West Borneo
Indonesia
339 Koentjoro (chair) Is Sex a Taboo in Javanese Culture?
Indonesia
162 Wisjnu Martani & Sri Lestari Adolescents’ Trust to Father in Indigenous and Developmental Perspectives
Indonesia
226 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Hastaning Sakti
Exploring the dynamic of mother‐adolescents closeness
Indonesia
371 Woo‐Giy Chang, Young‐Shin Park, & Uichol Kim
Longitudinal study of elementary school children before and after they enter school: With specific focus on relationship with friends, self‐efficacy and life‐satisfaction
Korea
372 Ja Young Ahn, Young‐Shin Park, & Uichol Kim
Indigenous psychological analysis of taking care of elderly parents: Generational difference between high school and university students and their parents
Korea
SYMPOSIUM I‐2 Will be held in English
39
Friday, December 23 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
PARENTAL VALUES, PRESSURE AND ITS IMPACT IN ADOLESCENTS AND CHILD
19 Novita Dewi Anjarsari, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The Meaning of sadness Among Indonesian Adolescents in Social Context : AN Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
82 Fuad Hamsyah (chair) The Basis of Javanese Posttraumatic Growth, “Sabar” and “Nrimo”: An Indigenous Psychological Study of Mt. Merapi Eruption Survivors
Indonesia
144 Andrian Liem & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
The Psychological Symptom Patterns among Adolescence from Sub‐urban of Yogyakarta
Indonesia
203 Adelia Khrisna Putri, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The relation between Adolescence’s Conception of Sadness and self rated happiness: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
30 Dharmayati B. Utoyo & Dhiza Ariffa
Psychological well‐being among elderly people living in multi‐generational families
Indonesia
66 Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Kartika Sari Dewi
The Differences of Caring Styles between Father and Mother Based on Adolescents Sex Status : An Indigenous study of Parent‐Child Relationship
Indonesia
241 Fransisca M. Sidabutar & Julia Suleeman Chandra
Hope and Concept of God in Children with Cancer
Indonesia
274 Wahyu Utami & Sofia Retnowati The Relation of Knowledge of Schizophrenia and Coping Strategy Towards Psychological Burden of Family Caregiver People With Schizophrenia
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM I‐3 Will be held in English
40
Friday, December 23 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
CONCEPTION OF SELF AMONG CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
325 Petra Omega & Denny Putra Effectiveness of Observed Experiential Integration Therapy on the Traumatic Orphan Adolescents
Indonesia
322 Demira Shaifa, Wahyu Indrariyani, Arick Istriyanti, Indah Desira, Ayu Paramita, & Supriyadi
A Study of Indigenous Psychology: Profession Diversity of Balinese Society Against Interpersonal Relationship “Menyama Braya”
Indonesia
29 Rizqi Nur’aini A'yuninnisa, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The Conception of Javanese Adolescents' Self in The Family Context : AN Indigenous Psychology Analysis
Indonesia
41 Emmanuela Arryna Budiman & Gabriella Wongso (chair)
The Effect of Attachment Style on Life Script for Important Life Event
Australia
75 Regisda Fuadhy, Sulasmi Sudirman, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti
Conception of Self Among Javanese Adolescents and Parental Perception: Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
167 Annisa Meizvira The Self‐discipline Difference in College Student with Different Parenting Style
Indonesia
185 Miriam Sang‐Ah Park Cultural differences in family relatedness and self‐beliefs
Malaysia
320 Suari Dewi, Ayu Saraswati, & Supriyadi
Sex Differences in Self‐Efficacy of Adolescents in Bali: An Indigenous Approach
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM I‐4 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 14:00 – 16:00 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
CHILD DEVELOPMENT: PERSONALITY IN CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL‐
BEING
41
348 Hector Rifa & Hema NHONG Prevention and support to Victims of Domestic Violence among Indigenous Peoples of Cambodia
Cambodia
71 Arum Febriani & Endang Ekowarni (chair)
The Effectiveness of Role Play Method to Increase Pre‐school Children’s Moral Intelligence
Indonesia
91 Rini Hildayani Siblings Relationship in Indonesian's Folklores
Indonesia
84 Efriyani Djuwita Stress and Coping in Teacher of Special Need Children
Indonesia
313 Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana Characteristics of Mother in Indonesian Folklore
Indonesia
349 Miki Kakinuma, Kayoko Uemura, Jing Jin, & Hiroshi Azuma
Differences in points of views mothers take in describing interpersonal conflicts to children: story telling sessions in Japan, China and US compared
Japan
358 Novi Qonitatin & Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti
Do conflicts that I’ve with my parents will affect to my self‐efficacy? : Indigenous psychological study of parent‐adolescents conflicts
Indonesia
251 Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
Conception of Self Among Adolescents in The Big City, The City, and The Village Area
Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM J‐1 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 16:30 – 18:15 Room: Theater (4th floor)
PERSONALITY IN CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE WELL‐BEING
50 Kevin Cheng & David R. PHILLIPS The role of religion and locus of control on psychological well‐being
China
94 Rukiana Hutagalung & Moh. As’ad The Relationship between Achievement Goals with Values Orientations and Personality Traits
Indonesia
42
109 Jap Tji Beng, Sri Tiatri, Meliana, & Yeni Anna Appulembang
Characteristics of High School Student as Online Gamers in West Jakarta: An Exploration From Technology Acceptance Perspective
Indonesia
175 Mega Dianingtyas Nugraheni & Siti Waringah
Inclination of ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality and meaning of life in last adolescent
Indonesia
305 Keivan Zahedi Cultural Benchmarking: Constitutive and Regulative Patterns Affecting Personality as Reflected in Iranian Proverbs and Adages
Iran
347 Laurent Sovet (chair) Relationship between personality and subjective well‐being the French culture: An exploratory study among a French engineering students sample
France
369 Hiroaki Morio Self‐enhancement among Japanese: Evidence from a classic paradigm
Japan
SYMPOSIUM J‐2 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 16:30 – 18:15 Room: Sidang (4th floor)
SELF‐REGULATION CONCEPT IN RELATIONAL CONTEXT
97 Salma Ibrahim & Rahmat Hidayat The Relationship Between Traumatic Experience and Trauma on Survivor of Merapi Volcano Eruption in Yogyakarta: A Preliminary Developmental Study ff Traumatic Experiences’ Checklist
Indonesia
134 Ji Hae Lee, Sung Yoon Park, Chae‐Yeon Lee, Jeongho Uhm, & Sang Min Lee
The Role of Coping Strategies in the Relationship of Religiosity/Spirituality and Resilience
Korea
43
249 Esti Sudarmoko & Esti Hayu Purnamaningsih
Reappraisal is Healthier than Suppression? : Emotion Regulation Strategies in our Life
Indonesia
26 Meta Zahro Aurelia Facial Trustworthiness and Self‐Regulatory Resources
Indonesia
108 Maia Jamadi, Philip S. Wong, Howard Mcguire, & Nicholas Papouchis (chair)
Does Self‐Construal Impact Awareness of Emotion in Others?
USA
275 Anggiastri Hanantyasari Utami, Anggiastri Hanantyasari Utami, & Hadi Sutarmanto'
Self‐Regulation Concept of Teenagers based on Wedharaga Text
Indonesia
321 Domingo O. Barcarse Self‐Management for Singles as an Alternative Lifestyle in the Philippines
Philipines
SYMPOSIUM J‐3 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 16:30 – 18:15 Room: Lab. Histologi (4th
floor)
CULTURAL IMPACT IN HUMAN ACTIVITIES
344 Seydi Ahmet Satici, Ahmet AKIN, & Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ
An Investigation of the Relationships between Self‐Compassion and Authenticity
Turkey
17 Wahyu Jati Anggoro & Mochamad As’ad
The Development of Leadership Scale based on Ancient Javanese Leadership Concept (Asta Brata)
Indonesia
47 Yu‐Ying Chen & Cheng, Bor‐Shiuan Abusive supervision and subordinate performance: The mediating role of leader‐member exchange and the moderating role of power distance orientation
Taiwan
352 Yus Nugraha & Yuliani Arifin (chair)
The Study of Entrepreneurship Intention on student of Universitas Padjajaran (UNPAD) and Its Competencies Development to Enhance the Quality of Their Life’s
Indonesia
44
360 Peter Howards R. Obias Self‐Actualization Scale for Educational Managers
Filipina
80 Moh. Abdul Hakim Conception of Happiness and Values among Indonesia Middle Class: An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
59 Mahargyantari Dewi, Hendro Prabowo, Sang Putu Adi Sanjaya, & I Ketut Kodi
Ngayah : A Balinese dancer’s flow Indonesia
SYMPOSIUM J‐4 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 16:30 – 18:15 Room: Lab. Bahasa (3rd
floor)
HAPPINESS, SADNESS AND ANGRY IN DIFFERENCE CULTURE
196 Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
Conception of Happiness in Indonesia : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
69 Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The Influence of Peer on Happiness and Sadness of Indonesian Senior High School Students : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
28 Diah Ayuningtyas, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
People Who Make Adolescents Sad : An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
188 Yopina G. Pertiwi, Guntur Cahyo Utomo, Johana Endang Prawitasari, & Sri Mulyani Martaniah (chair)
Happiness of the Javanese Elderly Indonesia
195 Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
What The Most Problems Make Adolescents Angri in Indonesia? An Exploration Study to Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
45
366 Daniel Pawley Are Fans Happy? Or Is This The Wrong Question? (Random Insights from a Decade of Interviews with People Who Describe Themselves as Fans)
USA
370 Sun Young Baak, Uichol Kim, & Young‐Shin Park
Indigenous psychological analysis of happiness among Korean adults: With specific focus on parents of elementary school, middle school, high school and university students
Korea
POSTER PRESENTATION (BAHASA AND ENGLISH SESSION)
BAHASA SESSION
POSTER SESSION 1 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 10:30 – 14:00 Room: 4th floor hall
1 64 Bimo Dwi Atmojo, Imam Setyawan, & Karyono
”I’m feel close because i’m respect him or I’m respect him so i’m feel close to him”: How adolescents and adult perceived closeness to their father in Indonesia
Indonesia
2 267 David Hizkia Tobing Why the experience of failure and the experience of losing loved ones made Balinese Adolescents Sad? Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
3 281 Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama, Putu Srie Wedha Yanthi , & Ni Putu Intan WJ
Why Achievements Bring Happiness to Balinese Adolescence? Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
46
4 18 Rahmasari Diana & Diana Rahmasari
The Correlation Between Religiosity and Stress with Psychological Well being in Adolescent in Pondok Pesantren Assalafial‐Fithrah, Surabaya
Indonesia
5 20 Nyoman Wiraadi Tria Ariani, Astuti Wijayanti, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
“Menyama Braya” Pada Kebahagiaan Orang Bali : Pendekatan Psikologi Indigenous
Indonesia
6 171 Najlatun Naqiyah Self‐efficacy and educational development for gifted
Indonesia
7 211 Intan Rahmawati Social Support for Stress Reduction on Woman Imigrant Workers
Indonesia
8 230 Marselius Salsabiela & Nita Trisnawati
Factors Influencing The Syncretism Among Javanese – Muslim in Surabaya: An Exploratory Study
Indonesia
9 88 Yohanes K. Herdiyanto Balinese Adolescent Identity of "Wangsa" and Cause of Angry: Indigenous Psychology Approach
Indonesia
10 116 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Novi Qonitatin
Do conflicts that i’ve with my parents will affect to my self‐efficacy? : Indigenous psychological study of parent‐adolescents conflicts.
Indonesia
POSTER SESSION 2 Will be held in Bahasa
Wednesday, December 21 14:00 – 17:30 Room: 4th floor hall
1 232 Stefanus Soejanto Sandjaja & Sri Florina Laurence Zagötö
Forgiveness Process in People who Have Bad Nurturing Parents
Indonesia
2 239 Kurnia Setiawan & Ninawati Self identity as Chinese Indonesian and Positive Life Attitudes
Indonesia
3 257 Meiske Yunithree Suparman & Ninawati
Finding Meaning of Life towards Work and Achievement in Chinese Indonesian
Indonesia
47
4 303 Gunadi Atmaji, Agnes Fellicia Budiman, & Karolina Arif
Happiness and Resilience Construct of Merapi Refugees : Applying of Psychology for Disaster
Indonesia
5 333 Adelina Simatupang & Angela Puspita
First Aid as part of preparedness to Reduce the negative impacts of Psychological Health and Post‐Earthquake and Tsunami Mentawai Islands
Indonesia
6 335 Yonathan Aditya & Carlo Magno The effect of Neuroticism and Perceived Stress on Marital Satisfaction: Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model
Indonesia
7 365 Dyah Ayu Kartika Paramita The Effect of Multilevel Support Group to Improve Facilitating Skill Among People Living with HIV AIDS
Indonesia
8 89 Yohanes K. Herdiyanto Indigenous Study of Industrial Tourism Impact to Balinese Adolescent
Indonesia
9 117 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Costrie Ganes Widayanti
How adolescents view their parents sacrifice?: Indigenous psychological analysis
Indonesia
ENGLISH SESSION
POSTER SESSION 3 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 10:30 – 14:00 Room: 4th floor hall
1 8 Gani Aji Prihantoro & Cahyani Indah Triani
Does Parental Pressure, Living Area,and Adolescents Culture Identification have influence on their Happiness?
Indonesia
2 13 Fitri Andriani Subjective Well Being and Resilience of New University
Indonesia
48
Students
3 21 Anita Listiara & Jati Ariati Why Schooling?: exploring parents’ motives in schooling their children
Indonesia
4 32 Ferlis Bahari, Rosnah Ismail, Vincent Pang , Chua Bee Seok , Murnizam Halik, Lailawati Madlan, Jasmine Adela Mutang, Alfred Chan, & Juliee Christie Rosley
Relationship Between Happiness, Life Satisfaction and Depression Among School‐Going Adolescents in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Malaysia
5 37 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti Indigenous of psychological study of the impact of maternal pressures on adolescents academic achievement
Indonesia
6 45 Liang‐Chih Chang Effects of exercise self‐efficacy on life stress among older adults
Taiwan
7 48 Sheauer Chen Approaching Hidden Fathers of Children with Autistic Syndrome: Men’s Perspective in Taiwan
Taiwan
8 51 Sang Yup Choo, Ji Jun Lim, & Sung Moon Lim
Implicit theories of humility and modesty in Korea
Korea
9 63 Surendra Nath Dubey Emotional Wellness for Quality Life
India
10 65 Bimo Dwi Atmojo & Karyono Mother‐child conflict based on mother’s age, education level and occupation: Indigenous psychological analysis
Indonesia
11 70 Zulfikar Ali Farizi & Fathul Lubabin Nuqul
Different Foods, Different Cognitive Ability: A Study About Effect of Glycemic Index Caution Toward Attention Ability
Indonesia
12 93 Hidehumi Hitokoto Indigenous and Cross‐Cultural Points of View: Participatory Photograph Survey of Japanese and international students in Japan.
Japan
49
13 98 Kokoro Ikkai & Junko Tanaka‐Matsumi
Cross age‐group comparisons of cultural self‐construal among Japanese adolescents and young adults who received multicultural education.
Japan
14 99 Cahyani Indah Triani & Nia Andriyani
Exploring Parental Pressures Based on Parental Educational Level and Occupations.
Indonesia
15 104 I Nyoman Gunadi & Komang Rahayu Indrawati
Analisis Profil Pemahaman Remaja tentang Upacara Maotonan dan Implikasinya terhadap Manajemen Pembelajaran di Sekolah (Studi Kasus Siswa SMP Dwijendra Denpasar)
Indonesia
POSTER SESSION 4 Will be held in English
Thursday, December 22 14:00 – 17:30 Room: 4th floor hall
1 118 Kharisma Primadewi & Ika Zenita Ratnaningsih
The influence of mother‐sons closeness on achievement and self efficacy: Indigenous psychological analysis
Indonesia
2 123 Kharisma Primadewi Does Parental Pressure Affect Parent‐Child Conflict? : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
3 128 Rahajeng Dian Kurniasari, Moh. Abdul Hakim Moh, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim, & Mohamad As’Ad
Happiness Among Indonesian Student Context : AN Esploratory Indigenous Study
Indonesia
4 138 Made Diah Lestari Gambaran Value In Action – Inventory Strength Pada Berbagai Bentuk Dinamika Pasangan (Couple Map) Yang Dipersepsikan Oleh Perempuan Bali Dalam Pernikahannya
Indonesia
50
5 145 Andrian Liem, Ni Komang Meta Saraswati Sabeh, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
The Meaning of Health in Social Context for Prambanan's (Indonesia) Youth : Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
6 146 Andrian Liem, Irine Kurniastuti, & Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
The Stressful Life Events among Adolescences from Sub‐urban Area of Yogyakarta using Indigenous Psychological Approach
Indonesia
7 147 Na‐Young Lim, Na‐Young Lim, Sul‐A Yook, Byeorie Seong, Jeung Hae Eum, & Eunjoo Yang
Effectiveness of Art‐Therapy for burn patients
Korea
8 151 Bogi Mahendra Wirawan & Farida Hidayati
Closeness Among Javanese Adolescents Based on Living Area, Economic Status, and Father’s Education Level: Father‐Child Closeness Relationship
Indonesia
9 182 Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Endah Kumala Dewi, & Diana Rusmawati
Does respect for father have relation with happiness and adolescents ethnicity identification?: Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
10 186 Beta Kurnia Arriza, Ika Febrian Kristiana, & Erin Ratna Kustanti
How age, family economic status, occupation and Mother’s education level influence Javanese mothering
Indonesia
11 187 Beta Kurnia Arriza & Costrie Ganes Widayanti
Does ethnical background influenced parental values? : Indigenous parent‐adolescents relationship perspective
Indonesia
12 192 Ardian Praptomojati, Yopina Galih Pertiwi, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, & Uichol Kim
The Javanese Adolescents’ Ideal Self: Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Indonesia
13 376 Ji Hyuen An, Young‐Shin Park, & Uichol Kim
Analysis of failure experience among Korean police force: Indigenous psychological
Korea
51
analysis
14 103 Komang Rahayu Indrawati Adjustment Process of a Father with Down’s Syndrome Son (Descriptif Study of a Father with Patriarchy Family Background
Indonesia
15 243 Nicholas Simarmata Dalihan Natolu as the Batak Toba Culture Principle in Cooperation (Theoretical Framework)
Indonesia
POSTER SESSION 5 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 10:30 – 14:00 Room: 4th floor hall
1 198 Chia‐ho Pu & Tsung‐Chain Huang
The Contextual Framework of “Person‐making” Process: A Critical Review
Taiwan
2 199 Ridhoi Meilona Purba & Meutia Nauly
The Values of "Hagabeon", "Hamoraon", and "Hasangapon" on Three Generation
Indonesia
3 217 Ali Ridho Multidimensionalitas pada Tes Potensi Akademik
Indonesia
4 223 Lisnawati Ruhaena parents involvement in daily practice of early literacy development
Indonesia
5 225 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Sri Hartati, & Jati Ariati
Parental Pressure and its Relation to Adolescents Happiness and Self efficacy
Indonesia
6 237 Dian Savitri Positive Thinking as a Strategy to Improve the Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women
Indonesia
7 252 Bagus Ari Nugraha Suela, Febian Dwiduonova, Yande Prayoga, Grace Noviana Chandra, & Putu Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri
Happiness Perspective in The Oldest Bali Culture: Indigenous Study as The Reason of Happiness in “Bali Aga” Village’s
Indonesia
52
Teenagers
8 282 Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama & Supriyadi
What Makes Balinese Adolescence Happy? Indigeneous Psychological analysis
Indonesia
9 264 Irene Tarakanita, Irawati, Ira Adelina, & Catharina Sri Indah Gunarti
Sociodemographic predictors of elderly's psychological well‐being in Bandung‐Indonesia
Indonesia
10 296 S. N. M. Wulanyani Individual differences on mental workload and multitasking performance
Indonesia
11 297 Jumpei Yajima, Akira Tsuda, & Okamura Hisayoshi
The relationship between racial difference and salivary cortisol in caregivers
Japan
12 298 Kuang‐Hui Yeh & Tzu‐Yeng Kuo Similar vs. Complementary: The Effect of Regulatory Fit in Interpersonal Domains
Taiwan
13 302 Ana Yuliani, Asti Bhawika Adwitya, Hidayatul Masruroh, & Elvira Nurchasanah
Ewuh pekewuh attitude of hypertensiom patients in Yogyakarta
Indonesia
14 328 Taqiyudin Muh & Haryanto Dzikir Therapy Toward Victims of Drug Abuse in Majelis Dzikir dan Doa Muhyin Nufuus Yogyakarta
Indonesia
15 280 Putu Ayu Meirina P.P Wedaningtyas, Ni Luh Indah Desira S, Putu Yudari Pratiwi, IGA Diah Fridari, & Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
Si Wa Ya Na Ma – Social Prejudice (Stereotype and Discrimination): An Indigeneous Study about Leak Perception that Linked with Social Prejudice in Denpasar‐ Bali
Indonesia
POSTER SESSION 6 Will be held in English
Friday, December 23 14:00 – 17:30 Room: 4th floor hall
1 329 Taekyun Hur, Seung‐Hyuk Choi, Why Koreans blame so much? Korea
53
& Sangyeon Yoon Cultural analysis of choice and blame
2 331 Asmiani Fawziah & Hamdaya Nurtalatthaf
Me And My Son : The Mental Health Maternal Who Have Mentally Retarded Child
Indonesia
3 276 Dian Sari Utami Self‐Worth: Incremental Improvement Work‐Life Balance
Indonesia
4 334 Bo (Jeff) Shao An integrated framework of well‐being
China
5 337 Sriwulan Ferindian Falatehan Sense of Community to Promote Health Human Development
Indonesia
6 342 Meryem Demir & Gürhan Can The Life Satisfaction and Assertiveness of Students at Faculty of Education
Turkey
7 359 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Kartika Sari Dewi, & Costrie Ganes Widayanti
How adolescents view their parents sacrifice?: Indigenous psychological analysis
Indonesia
8 373 In‐Soon Nam, Young‐Shin Park, & Uichol Kim
Indigenous psychological analysis of respect: With specific focus on university students and their parents
Korea
9 374 Sung‐Sook Jeon & Young‐Shin Park
Perception of Japan people and society among high school students and their parents
Korea
10 378 Made Diah Lestari Komitmen Identitas Sosial Wangsa Golongan Ksatria Bali
Indonesia
11 218 Widya Risnawaty Descriptive study about family strength in Jakarta
Indonesia
12 336 Yonathan Aditya & Carlo Magno The effect of Agreeableness, Neuroticism and Positive Dyadic Coping on Marital Satisfaction: Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model
Indonesia
13 357 Akira Tsuda, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Jumpei Yajima, Hisayoshi Okamura, Ayumi Togawa, Ke Deng, & Shigeko Tsuda
Health behaviors, health belief and health knowledge in Japanese students
Japan
54
14 375 Ji Hyuen An & Young‐Shin Park Indigenous psychological analysis of job discontent and thoughts about resignation among Korean police
Korea
15 228 Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti & Hastaning Sakti
What makes adolescents respect their parents? An exploration study approach from Indigenous psychology
Indonesia
55
General Information for conference participants
I. Information and registration
1. Wednesday, December 21, 2011: Registration for Indonesian Participants: (07.00‐09.00). Registration for International Participants (14.00‐18.30). Location: Faculty of medicine building, 4th floor, university of Udayana.
2. Wednesday, December 21, 2011: Oral and Poster presentation for Indonesian Participants/Bahasa session (09.00‐18.00) Location: Faculty of medicine building, 4th floor, university of Udayana.
3. Wednesday, December 21, 2011: Dinner and cultural performance for local and international participants (18.30‐20.00). Location: Garuda Wisnu Kencana Culture Park, Jimbaran.
4. Thursday, December 22, 2011: Keynote address, oral and poster presentation (08.00‐18.30). Location: Faculty of medicine building, 4th floor, University of Udayana.
5. Friday, December 23, 2011: Oral and poster presentation (08.00‐18.00). Location: Faculty of medicine building, 4th floor, University of Udayana.
6. Friday, December 23, 2011: Closing ceremony and dinner (18.30‐20.00). Location: Faculty of medicine building, 4th floor, University of Udayana.
(Please note that the desk and presentation session (oral and poster) will
be closed during the keynote speaker sessions on Thursday, December,
22, 2011 at 08.30‐12.45).
56
II. Instructions for Presentation
a. Symposium Presentation
1. Time: the time allocated for each symposium is 90 minutes. The normal number of presenters is 4, and the time for each presentation should not exceed 18 minutes.
2. You are suggested to submit the Power point of your presentation to [email protected] prior to the conference. Alternatively you can submit the documents to the Information Desk located at the lobby of the conference hall at least 24 hours prior to your scheduled presentation. Please use your abstract ID number as the name of the file.
3. All presentation documents should be in the form of Microsoft Office XP/2003 / 2007. You are kindly requested to be in your session room no later than 10 minutes prior to the start of the session.
b. Oral Presentation
1. Time: for each paper: 15 min (presentation: 10 min, Q & A: 5 min). 2. You are suggested to submit the Power‐point of your presentation to
[email protected] prior to the conference. Alternatively you can submit the documents to the Information Desk located at the lobby of the conference hall at least 24 hours prior to your scheduled presentation. Please use your abstract ID number as the name of the file.
3. All presentation documents should be in the form of Microsoft Office XP/2003 / 2007. You are kindly requested to be in your session room no later than 10 minutes prior to the start of the session.
4. The power point presentation slides represent the main ideas of the study or idea, and not of the copies of the full article.
c. Poster Presentation
1. By facilitating informal discussions between presenters and their audience, poster sessions provide a more intimate forum for exchange than do regular oral presentations. Successful poster presentations are those which achieve both coverage and clarity.
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2. COVERAGE: in addition to a title/author label and abstract, most successful poster provide brief statements of introduction, method, subjects, procedure, results and conclusions.
3. CLARITY: Indicate the ordering of your material with numbers, letters or arrows, when necessary. Keep it simple. Place your major points in the poster. Be selective. Your final conclusions or summary should leave observers focused on a concise statement of your most important findings.
4. Poster sessions will be held on Wednesday on 12.45‐14.00 for Bahasa session and on Friday at 12.15‐14.00 for English session
5. Poster are required to fulfill the following requirements: poster size A0 (84CM‐118CM) double line spacing, font size minimum 18.
6. Please ensure that the poster displays: author and co‐authors full name, institution name, and email name
7. Poster exhibited for 2 hours, authors are expected to present their poster during this given period.
d. Presentation and equipment
1. All room will be equipped with a laptop, LCD projector and screen and wireless microphone. Any use of personal laptops for presentation purposes must inform the information desk, three hours prior the presentation. We recommend you to bring two soft copies of your presentation in case one of the files encounters any problems.
III. Chair and Moderator guide
1. Make sure all participants are in the room prior to the start.
2. If some is not present, then re‐order the sequence of the presentation, deleting the person who is not there from the list. If the presenter arrives late, he or she can present last.
3. Make sure that all participants have downloaded their presentation file in the laptop computer.
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4. Introduce the speaker by stating their name, co author, institution and title of the presentation. Keep the presentation very brief.
5. Make sure to announce that presentations proceed for a maximum of 10 minutes, followed by 5 minutes for questions and discussion.
6. Inform the presenter when there is 5 minutes and 1 minutes left
7. Make sure the presenter does not go over 15 minutes, regardless of the situation. The presentation must stop after 20 minutes even if the presentation has not finished.
8. The moderator has responsibility to chairing the Q and A session and discussion after the presentation.
IV. ID Badges
At the moments of your check in, you will receive a conference package, including
your ID badge. Please wearing your ID badge is required for entrance to the
sessions. If you lose your ID badge, please contact the information desk. You must
wear your ID badge all times during the conference.
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VI. Conference Schedule
Wednesday, December 21
Registration: Indonesian participants 07:00 – 09:00 Opening ceremony 09:00 – 09:30 Oral presentations A: 1,2,3,4 09:30 – 10:30 Coffee break 10:30 – 10:45 Poster session 1 10:30 ‐ 14:00 Oral presentations B: 1,2,3,4 10:45 – 12:30 Lunch 12:30 – 14:00 Poster session 2 14:00 ‐ 17:30 Oral presentations C: 1,2,3,4 14:00 – 16:00 Coffee break 16:00 – 16:15 Oral presentations D: 1,2,3,4 16:15 – 18:15 Registration: International participants 14:00 – 18:30 Dinner and cultural performance 18:30 – 21:30
Thursday, December 22
Keynote presentations 08:30 – 10:30 1. Kwang‐Kuo Hwang, President, AAICP 2. Faturochman, Dean, Faculty of
Psychology
3. Susumu Yamaguchi, Professor 4. Margareth Reuffler, PPP Institute
Coffee break 10:30 – 10:45 Poster Session 3 10:30 ‐ 14:00
1. Rosnah Ismail, Deputy Vice‐Rector 10:45 – 12:45 2. Akira Tsuda, Professor 3. Nadia Ward, Professor 4. Uichol Kim, Professor
Lunch 12:45 – 14:00 Poster Session 4 14:00 ‐ 17:30 Oral presentations E: 1,2,3,4 14:00 – 16:00 Coffee break 16:00 – 16:15 Oral presentations F: : 1,2,3,4 16:15 – 18:15
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Friday, December 23
Oral presentations G: 1,2,3,4 09:00 – 10:30 Coffee break 10:30 – 10:45 Poster Session 5 10:30 ‐ 14:00 Oral presentations H: 1,2,3,4 10:45 – 12:15 Lunch 12:15 – 14:00 Poster Session 6 14:00 ‐ 17:30 Oral presentations I: 1,2,3,4 14:00 – 16:00 Coffee break 16:00 – 16:15 Oral presentations J: 1,2,3,4 16:30 – 18:15 Closing ceremony and dinner 18:15 – 20:00
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Individualism vs. Relationalism:
Why we need a scientific revolution for the progress of indigenous psychologies
Kwang‐Kuo Hwang
National Taiwan University
An intensive review of the 21 chapters from the Oxford Handbook of Chinese Psychology (edited by M. Bond, 2010) indicated that there is a general lack of theory in the whole book after the well‐known cultural dimensions of Individualism‐Collectivism, except the chapter by Hwang and Han (Lee, 2011). This article provides criticisms on the approach of Individualism‐Collectivism and argues that the concept of Collectivism represents Orientalism in social sciences which should be replaced by Relationalism. The universal model of Face and Favor is used to explain why Individualism is a biased ideology; theories constructed on the presumption of Individualism may suffer from a crisis of infinite regress. Therefore, indigenous psychologists should promote a scientific revolution in psychology by constructing alternative theories on the presumption of Relationalism.
Keywords: Face and Favor Model, Orientalism, Relationalism, scientific revolution, Individualism.
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Facets of Well‐Being in Indonesia
Faturochman
Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia
At the level of basic needs that must be met, the general indicators show that the level of social welfare Indonesia is not yet high. It seems unwise if it is interpreted that the Indonesian people are not prosperous and happy. Eventhough poor, some of them perceive prosperous and feel happy. The fact that the level of welfare is not always parallel with the level of happiness has been found. Inconsistencies also occurred in Indonesia, and even found inconsistencies among welfare indicators. This inconsistency does not seem limited to the concepts and indicators of well‐being but also needs to be explained contextually. Interpretation of the community about the achievement level of welfare is an important part in explaining the well‐being. This paper describes about the level of welfare and interpretation of the achievement level based on people's perspectives. Generally, it can be concluded that the Indonesian society puts economic prosperity as an important part but the quality of social relations that achieved greatly affects the overall welfare. People feel happy when their well‐being shared by the family and their life useful to society
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Self‐esteem and modesty: An indigenous perspective
Susumu Yamaguchi
University of Tokyo, Japan
Some Western researchers have claimed that self‐esteem is not important for Japanese (and East Asians) and thus they don’t self‐enhance (e.g., Heine et al., 1999). Although
Expressed self‐esteem is lower among Japanese, it does not necessarily mean that Japanese have lower self‐esteem or self‐esteem is not important for them. To understand expression of self‐esteem among Japanese, an indigenous perspective is indispensable, because people are motivated to adapt to their specific cultural and ecological environment. In this presentation, I will demonstrate that expression of self‐esteem among Japanese is regulated to achieve adaption in their culture, in which modesty is important to earn favorable impression by others.
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The Psychology of Nations
Margret Rueffler
PPP Institute, Germany
The psychology of nations examines the circumstances and motives of the German nation for going to war. As the definition of a psychology of a nation, with the attitude of mind of nationalism. As the psychology of nations and its approach to internationalisme, often cited as a psychology across borders.
In the context The Psychology of Nations, a nation to be understood as a group of people with similar cultural, religious and language background. Therefore a nation can be without physical boundaries, such as the Kurds, living across different countries, Iraq and Turkey for example.
An overview of the field of the psychology of Nations is presented the area of a psychopolitical action project, a combination of working with the prevention of violence, national trauma, through Empowerment, raising Self Esteem, Self reliance, supported by educational, material, and skills training support will be presented as a case history.
Keywords: Psychology of Nation
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Stress management of multiethnic women in rural areas: The effectiveness of
the stress training modules
Rosnah Ismail
University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
The objective of the study is to test the effectiveness of Stress Management Training Module that has been developed based on multiethnic groups and several locations in Malaysia. The study was to differentiate a stress level between control and experimental groups of women in rural areas. The subject comprised of 137 rural women in Malaysia. Results revealed no significant difference in stress (pre and post test) based on ethnic and overall sample. There is significant difference in stress experienced by women in rural areas before and after treatment using stress management training module. No significant difference in stress for experiment and control group of women in rural areas. In conclusion, this study has given information on current psychological health status of women in rural areas, of different ethnic, culture and location in Malaysia.
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Biopsychosocial approach to stress and health: Recent advances
Akira Tsuda
Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
Bio‐Psycho‐Social approaches are widely recognized as suitable strategies for the study of complex biological responses to various stress‐related psychological factors, which attempt to make the connection between stress and ill‐health outcome. Emerging data from our laboratory and cooperative institutions has indicated that these approaches are useful to predict various markers of health, thus may be clinically relevant.
This keynote lecture will contain several findings from our laboratory that focus a biopsychosocial approach relevant to health outcomes. Topics will cover a wide range of measures that are currently being employed in psychobiological research and how they might be used to understand important mechanisms of stress and health from the point of view of Indigenous and Cultural Psychology.
We summarize results from our research program into the biological correlates of positive and negative affects with a line of cross‐cultural perspective from Health Psychology. There is considerable interest in the relationship between affective states and cortisol output such as cortisol awaking response, but little evidence connecting the cross‐cultural consistency of these associations.
These topics will not only be of interest to Indigenous and Cultural Health Psychology, but will also be relevant to social psychologists, epidemiologists and public health workers.
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Reducing Educational Disparities through Primary Prevention Efforts:
A Model of Urban School Reform
Nadia Ward
Yale University, USA
This presentation will feature a comprehensive school reform model designed to improve educational, social and behavioral outcomes for low‐income and minority youth. This six‐year longitudinal study targets 1,500 seventh grade students and follows them though high school and into their freshman year of college.
This primary prevention effort provides academic enrichment and social support services to an entire cohort that is aimed at increasing students’ academic performance, high school graduation rates and preparation for postsecondary education. Study findings reveal student achievement for the identified cohort significantly improved in areas of reading and mathematics and disciplinary incidents decreased when compared to students in the control cohort. This presentation will also link academic performance to intervention exposure (dosage) to determine the extent to which time spent engaged in various interventions improves academic achievement outcomes social behavioral outcomes (e.g., academic identification, behavioral engagement, self‐efficacy, future orientation), educational aspirations, and reduces disciplinary incidents.
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What makes people happy, healthy and live long? Indigenous, psychological and
cultural analysis
Uichol Kim and Young‐Shin Park
Inha University, Korea
This presentation provides a theoretical and empirical research review of research
on health, happiness and subjective well‐being in Asia, focusing specifically on
Korea and Japan. The first study provides a literature review of the relationship
between quality of life and interpersonal relationships among Korean
adolescents. The second study provides a review of empirical analysis of factors
influencing quality of life among 3,406 Korean students. The results indicate that
academic achievement is an important factor influencing quality of life, which in
turn is influenced by emotional support received from significant others. Second,
self‐efficacy plays an important mediating role between interpersonal
relationships and quality of life. Third, teacher‐student relationship and
relationship with friends are emerging as important factors in the modern
information age. The third study examined factors influencing family life‐
satisfaction among Korean adults. The results indicate that spousal social support
had a direct and positive effect on family life‐satisfaction. Second, those
respondents who received higher social support from spouse had higher self‐
efficacy, who in turn had higher family life‐satisfaction. Third, those respondents
who had higher trust of children had higher self‐efficacy, which in turn was
predictive of higher family life‐satisfaction. The fourth study examined factors
influencing happiness among 1,650 adults. The results indicated that for middle‐
aged women and men social support received from spouse and resiliency of
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efficacy are highly predictive of happiness. The fourth series of studies examined
the relationship among social support, self‐efficacy, stress management,
depression and stress symptoms. These studies point to the importance of social
support in enhancing self‐efficacy, which in turn reduce depression and stress
symptom among Korean and Japanese students.
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CULTURAL COMPETENCE TREATMENT THROUGH WELLNESS AND RECOVERY
Jorge Wong, Sarita Kohli, MFT, Kao Saechao, MSW,
Palo Alto University
In 2004, Californians passed the Mental Health Services Act (MHSA or Prop 63) to transform the public mental health system. MHSA embodies Wellness and Recovery (W&R). Consumers and family members with ‘lived experience’ partake in the policy development, service delivery, system design and efficacy evaluation of mental health services. W&R based treatment best fits Asian consumers and values. It emphasizes a holistic view of health. It de‐stigmatizes mental health through culturally familiar collective activities, while it empowers clinicians regular contacts with consumers to assess their degree of recovery, clinical stability, medication adherence, side effect profile, interpersonal skills, executive functioning and range of mobility while normalizing and empowering the consumers in a culturally respectful manner. These services strengthened existent culturally competent mental health services provision. Case comparisons shall illustrate transformation to W&R interventions.
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE EATING BEHAVIOR AND A CHRONIC STRESS AS
INDEXED BY ALLOSTATIC LOAD IN HEALTHY YOUNG MEN
Gohichi Tanaka, Hisayoshi Okamura, Yuichi Kato
Sapporo Medical University
Allostatic load (AL) as a multisystems model describes how psychsocial stress and lifestyle factors relate chronically to a health outcome. We examined the hypothesis that eating behavior would be associated with AL in healthy young men. Students with an age 21.5 ± 3.9 years (n = 199) participated in the study. Eating Behavior Scale (EBS) with 4 subscales was used. AL was cumulative score from 10 variables: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist/hip ratio, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL ratio, triglycerides, HbA1c, insulin resistance, high sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and salivary cortisol. Partial correlation controlling for age indicated that overeating quickly scale of the EBS was significantly correlated with AL for each of the two different age groups: partial r = ‐ 0.30, p<.05, for over 22 and under 21 years of age. In conclusion, eating behavior of overeating quickly seems to be associated with AL in healthy young men.
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THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEPING TIME AND PSYCHOBILOGICAL STRESS
RESPONSES INDUCED BY MENTAL STRESS TESTING
Tsuda Akira, Yajima Jumpei
Kurume University
The aim of this study was to examine the association between self‐reported sleeping time and psychobiological stress responses [3‐Methoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)] to the mental stress testing. Seventy healthy men and women were recruited, and participants were divided according to the habitual number of hours of sleep as follows: adequate sleepers (AS) (N=30), short sleepers (SS) (N=25) and long sleepers (LS). Salivary MHPG and s‐IgA were measured at baseline, immediately after task and recovery period. An increase in free‐MHPG during the task period was observed in AS although free‐MHPG increased only after the task period in SS. The level of s‐IgA in both groups significantly increased during the task period, and quickly returned to a basal level during the recovery period. However, free‐MHPG and s‐IgA in LS group did not change by mental stress testing. These results indicated that psychobiological responsiveness to acute stress is different by habitual sleeping time.
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COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY FOR MANAGING METABOLIC SYNDROME : AN
UNIQUE APPLICATION OF TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL
George Koike
Fukuoka City Medical Association Hospital
Being healthy is very crucial, physiologically and psychologically. Recently, however, incidence of lifestyle related diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, are increasing very rapidly worldwide including Japan. This situation is resulting in worsening health condition although a lot of new drugs has been developed, indicating something important are missing to solve this problems. On the other hands, Japanese government has started the specific health checkup and health guidance system as a part of the medical reform in 2008. Since obesity is one of major causes leading to the pathogenesis of life style related diseases, metabolic syndrome is a main target of this new system. Although many challenges for weight reduction had been carried out, there are no such established strategies in a sense of health promotion. Therefore, we have developed a comprehensive strategy/program for managing metabolic syndrome with applying the psychological factor, the transtheoretical model. Then, we have carried out the specific health guidance with this program, and we successfully achieved weight reduction among subjects with metabolic syndrome followed by gaining stage of change properly.
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THE PERCEIVED WELL‐BEING CONTRIBUTES TO THE STRESS‐MANAGEMENT
BEHAVIOR: THE EFFECT OF TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL (TTM)‐BASED
INTERVENTION ONTO JAPANESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Akira Tsuda
Tokyo University and Graduate School of Social Welfare
Several western researches indicate that perceived well‐being influences bio‐psycho‐soical processes which are relevant to stress and health; however, the effect on our East Asian may be different. Although our daily life is gradually westernized and economically developed, several psychological problems increase as the development advance. To cope with such situation, the present speakers provide TTM‐based Stress‐Management program for Japanese. This presentation will inform about (1) the program and (2) the role of perceived well‐being for the effect of the program. 699 University students participated in the program. At the every three‐month periods, they assessed stress and four basic components of TTM. Based on the assessment, they challenged each work by their own. The results showed that the program was effective to improve mental health, and several results indicated that the aspect of well‐being contributing to Japanese health (human potential: psychological well‐being) is different form it to westerners’ (happiness: subjective well‐being).
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IDENTIFYING THE DYNAMICS OF INDONESIAN’S DISTRUST TO STRANGERS: AN
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
I R Adiwibowo, Deviandaru Tilottama,
Faturochman
Faculty of Psychology Universuty of Gadjah Mada
Will you trust someone that you just already know? This indigenous psychological study aimed to investigate the reasons of why Indonesian distrusts a complete stranger. The identified reasons, therefore, will be explored to find the beneath understanding about our spontaneous relations to others. Data were collected through questionnaires in the form of open‐ended questions and trust‐caution measurement scale. Data were analyzed by mixed‐method: qualitative elements dissected using content analysis and quantitative testing performed by descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and logistic regression model. As a basis, the lack of information about the stranger and self‐cautiousness were the main reason about why Indonesian distrusts the strangers. This finding will be interwoven to the score of trust‐caution scale and another related demographic variable. The results will be discussed further in a comprehensive manner.
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IDENTIFICATION OF INDONESIAN POLITICIAN’S UNTRUSTWORTHINESS AND
POLITICAL APATHY FROM THE GRASS‐ROOT PERSPECTIVE
I R Adiwibowo, Annisa Deviandaru Tilottama,
Faturochman
Faculty of Psychology University of Gadjah Mada
This indigenous psychological study aimed to investigate the reasons of Indonesian citizen’s distrust to their politicians. These collected reasons will be articulated through various methods to get the big picture of untrustworthiness criteria for politicians. A total of 433 respondents (male=145, female=288) were asked to complete open‐ended questions and five‐scale rating of trust to politicians and trust to government, political party, and media, as addition. Data were analyzed by mixed‐method: qualitative elements dissected using content analysis and quantitative testing performed by descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and logistic regression model. Insofar, the perceived lack of competence (unproven promises and inadequate performances) gives a major contribution to politicians’ distrustfulness followed by bad behavior showed by them (such as corruption, unethical conduct, and violation of law) and respondent’s lack of information about politics. These preliminary findings will be explored thoroughly considering another variable (the level of trust to government, political party and media) to get the better understanding about how Indonesian grass‐root distrust their politicians. The results will be discussed further in a comprehensive manner.
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TRUSTWORTHINESS IN TRUSTING PARENTS AMONG ADOLESCENT: AN
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Ardian Praptomojati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Difa Ardiyanti
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aim of this study was to explore trustworthiness criteria in trusting parents among adolescent in Indonesia. This study adopted indigenous psychology approach using the open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). A total number of 340 Javanese Senior High School students in Indonesia (160 males; 180 females) were asked to answer two questions, namely: “Why do you trust your
mother?” and “Why do you trust your father?”. Data were analyzed using content analysis by categorizing and coding, then cross tabulating the responses by sex variable. Result showed that respondents had tendencies to trust their mother because of consanguinity. Thoroughly, consanguinity was the most frequent answer for male respondents, while meritorious was the most frequent answer in females. In the other hand, both females and males respondents had tendencies to trust their father because of his meritorious. The result showed that both for females and males respondents, parent’s merit were the main reason why they have to trust to their parents. We also found that in trusting mother, closeness and positive affect were higher than in father, but in father, guidance was higher than in mother. Also there is a criterion of trustworthiness that only appeared in mother case, that is religious order. The results will be discussed further.
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IDENTIFICATION OF THE TEACHERS’ TRUSTWORTHINESS FOR SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YOGYAKARTA: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Lusiana Yashinta Elyssa Putri, Difa Ardiyanti,
Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Faturochman
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The purpose of this study was to investigate the senior high school students trust toward their teachers. This study adopted indigenous psychology approach using the open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). An open‐ended questionnaire, namely “Why do you trust your teacher” were completed by 278 senior high school student in Yogyakarta. Data were analyzed using content analysis by categorizing and coding. The main reason why students trust their teacher was “meritorious” (45,32%). It means that teacher deserved to be trusted because they gave knowledge, guidance also educating and teaching. The result will be discussed further.
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CRITERIA FOR CLOSE FRIENDS TRUSTWORTHINESS AMONG HIGH‐SCHOOL
STUDENTS AND REGULAR WORKERS: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Banyu Wicaksono, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo, Difa Ardiyanti,
Faturochman
Universitas Gadjah Mada
This study explored the criteria of close friend’s trustworthiness in high‐school students and regular workers using indigenous psychology approach. Subjects of this study consist of 555 high‐school students and regular workers (male =203; female = 352). The data were obtained using the open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008) that asked “Please write down the reason why you trust your close friend?” The data was then categorized with thematic analysis to identify specific criteria of trust to close friend. The result showed that there are three dominant reasons in trusting the close friends both in student and regular workers, those are understanding, closeness, and interaction. The results will be discussed further in a comprehensive manner.
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RESPECT AND CONFLICT WITH FATHER AMONG ADOLESCENT’S
IN INDONESIA
Gani Aji Prihantoro, Kartika Sari Dewi
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
The purpose of this study is to analyze relation bettween respect for father and conflicts among adolescents in Indonesia. Respondents of this study are 1523 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Results have shown that main reason adolescents respecting father because of his sacrifices in terms of working hard for his family. In the other hand, the conflict types among father‐adolescent relation showed that there are many relational conflict, rules conflict, personal conflict, fulfilling and domestic conflict. More exploration will be discussed further.
Key words: respect, conflict, adolescent, father, parent‐child relationship.
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ADOLESCENT HAPPINESS IN TERMS OF ETHNICITY, RELIGION IDENTIFICATION
AND PARENTAL SUPPORT
Beta Kurnia Arriza Abdul Kadir, Dinie Ratri Desiningrum
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Happiness is affected by living with parents. Differences between ethnicity background of parents may bring consequences on the difference in perception that would affect individual’s behaviors. Two other variables that studied are religion's identifications of adolescence and parent's support of adolescence happiness. The positive social relations would obtained by positive social support. The strength of social support which derived from the closest relations such as family was one of psychological process that would keep healthy behavior inside the individual self. The religion makes someone appreciate the happiness that given by God almighty and every religion was typically embed happiness to its adherents. This study has performed to 1533 undergraduate students of Diponegoro Univesity (476 males; 1044 females; 10 unspecified) by using an open ended questionnaire about parent‐child relations which developed by Kim (2010). Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study.
The results showed that 1191 respondents (77.7%) are raised by Javanese father and 1185 respondents (77.3%) are raised by Javanese mother, 52 respondents (3.4%) are raised by Sundanese father and 71 respondents (4.6%) are raised by Sundanese mother, and 47 respondents (3.06% ) are raised by Bataknese father. and 38 respondents (2.4%) are raised by Bataknese mother. Almost half of respondents (687 respondents or 44,8%) identify their religion strongly. Implication for happiness will be discussed later.
Key words: happiness, ethnicity, religion identification, parental support, parent‐adolescent relationship.
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WHO’S THE HAPPIEST ONE?:
CLOSENESS AND RESPECT ON MOTHER ADOLESCENT RELATIONSHIP
Cahyani Indah Triani, Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Relation between adolescent to their parents influence happiness of the adolescent. This research aims to examine relationship between closeness and respect given by the adolescent to their mother and finding the implications to the son and daughter happiness. A total of 1533 university students (male: 479 female: 1044 unspecified:10) completed an open ended Parent‐Child questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Indigenous approaches used to analyze the answers of respondents from the open ended questionnaire. The data were also categorized and cross tabulations.
Categorization results show that adolescent feel close to their mother because they consider mother as a motivator (27,9%), fulfillments of emotional needs (25,8%), and attachment to mother (11,6%). Adolescent respect to their mother because of mother’s sacrifice (44,2%), fulfilling ideal figure (23%) and fulfilling emotional needs (8,5%). Recent stydy showed that female is happier than male, however implication of results will be discussed later.
Key words: happiness, closeness, respect, mother‐adolescent relationship.
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CONFLICT AND HAPPINESS DURING ADOLESCENCE:
AN INDIGENOUS STUDY OF MOTHER‐ADOLESCENTS RELATIONSHIP
Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Endah Kumala Dewi, Diana Rusmawati
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
Although families share the same environment, the family is composed of individual members whose perceptions of the family situation may differ. Such differences may contribute to family stress and have implications for the well‐being of adolescents (Paikoff et al., 1993). Mother‐adolescents conflicts can occur at every day events of family life. Conflicts with parents may affect the development of adolescents happiness. Participants were 1164 adolescents (male = 359 ; female =805). An open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) was used to gain data. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Result showed that conflict relational happened in mother‐adolescent relationship, but some of respondent feel that they didn’t have a meaningful conflict with their mother. This is support qualitative data about adolescent happiness, most of these adolescents feel happy for their lives.
Key words: mother‐adolescent relationship, conflict, happiness.
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HOW MOTHERING WILL AFFECT CHILDREN’S HAPPINESS?:
PARENT‐CHILD RELATIONSHIP INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Hastaning Sakti
Diponegoro University
When talked about mothering, we will find about child‐centered, emotionally absorbing, financially expensive and ideology in which mothers are primarily responsible for the nurture and development of the sacred child. Mother who getting involved in their children lives, will bring many affect such as happiness. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mothering and children’s happiness. A total of 1533 university student (male = 479 ; female = 1044 ; unspecified = 10) at Diponegoro University completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010), asking how well their mother take care of them. The data was analyzed using an indigenous psychological approach. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. The results are as follow.
Key words: mothering, children happiness, parent‐child relationship.
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“MENGAYAU”: THE ROLE OF COLLECTIVE INDIGENOUS EMOTION IN TURNING
ORDINARY PEOPLE INTO EVIL IN ETHNIC CONFLICT SITUATION
Endang Mariani, Dianti E. Kusumawardhani
Universitas Indonesia
“Mengayau” (headhunting) is a cultural script that based on cultural archetype Dayak society in Kalimantan that no more conducted since “Rapat Damai Tumbang Anoi” (the peace agreement Tumbang Anoi) in the year 1894. Over one hundred years “mengayau” has been left and not being taught to the next generation, but in the ethnic conflict called as national tragedy in Sampit, Central Kalimantan in 2001, “mengayau” tradition has emerged. It is interesting to study this phenomenon because “mengayau” in the international human right context is categorized as extraordinary evil behavior, and conducted by ordinary man or good people in their daily life. Thesis statement being developed is in a conflict situation which is the collective identity and collective indigenous emotion are being activated a dormant cultural script over one hundred years is emerged and ignoring the concept of good and evil in individual decision making process. It is hypothesized that “mengayau” is a kind of culture of honor that should be expressed in positive behaviour in modern life. Key words: Psychology of Good and Evil, Collective Indigenous Emotion, Culture of Honor, Collective Violence, Narrative Processes
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CAUSES OF ANGER IN DAILY LIFE AMONG MALE AND FEMALE SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL STUDENTS IN INDONESIA : AN INDIGENEOUS PSYCHOLOGY
PERSPECTIVE
Made Adi Suadnyana, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli,
Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
Gadjah Mada University
The present study sought to identify the causes of anger among male and female Senior High School Students in Indonesia. A total of 405 senior high school students (male = 159; female = 246) from Yogyakarta Province were asked to answer: “In your daily life, what makes you angry?”. The data was categorized using content analysis method, and later cross tabulated by sex. The result demonstrated that the causes of anger among males students were disturbance (22,6%), unpredicted moments (15,7%), hurt (15,7%), violation of trust (14,5%), not appreciated (8,2%), disorders (3,8%), and bad performances (3,1%). While females were violation of trust (25,6%), disturbance (24%), unpredicted moments (15,4%), not appreciated (8,9%), hurt (8,5%), disorders (3,3%), and bad performances (1,6%). It can be concluded that descriptively male are most likely become angry when their privacy and self‐esteem have been threatened, while female are most likely become angry when their trust in relationship have been violated
Keywords : Anger, daily life emotion, adolescents, gender differences, indigenous approach
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PERSONAL SATISFACTION IN JAMU GENDONG SELLERS
ArifahNur Basyiroh, Ainin Amariana
University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Jamu is a herbal medicine that has been known for a long time in Indonesia. Recently, this herb is also considered a traditional heritage. So many kinds of jamu with each benefit that are believed to help maintain human’s health. Inmodern times, there are several numbersof Indonesian thatseeks to preserve traditional medicine. One example is jamu gendong sellers who usually manufactured home industry. In the middle of the domination of the many instant herbal medicine on the market, jamu gendong sellers exist. Although the economic gain is not really weel‐turned. This paper aim store view the personal satisfaction in carrying over the herbalist profession. Data obtained by means of interviews with five subjects who worked as a jamu sellers. The data show that jamu gendong sellers are happy when able to help the family economy, able to share the benefits of the others and met with so many different characteristics of customers. Keyword: personal satisfaction, jamu gendong
89
SADNESS PERSPECTIVE IN “BALI AGA” LOCAL CULTURE : INDIGENOUS STUDIES
AS THE REASON OF SADNESS IN TENGANAN VILLAGE TEENAGERS
Arick Istriyanti, Aryani Kartika, Hening Wedanthi, Ayu Andini, Vebby Ardiyanthi,
Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri
Udayana University
Sadness is an unexpected emotion that accompanied by undesirable events, such
as loss of individuals or objects of value, or fail to achieve desired goals (Pridmore,
2011). Meade (2007) argues that culture affect one's feelings of sadness.
According to it, different cultures will bring a different effect on a person's
feelings of sadness. In Bali, there is a system of indigenous culture, which is the
oldest culture of the so‐called "Bali Aga" which still adhered to the system of
strong local culture and unique one of Tenganan Village.
This study uses a qualitative method that aims to identify factors Tenganan Village
adolescent grief and cultural influences on these factors. Respondents were
adolescents aged 11‐20 years who were asked to fill out a questionnaire that was
adapted from the questionnaire Kim (2010). The number of respondents as many
as 35 people. The expected result is a researcher can find out the causes of
adolescent grief "Bali Aga", as well as the influence of culture "Bali Aga" for these
factors
Key words: grief, factors, adolescents, baliaga, indigenous
90
SOCIAL HARMONY OR SOCIAL JUSTICE?:
UNDERSTANDING JAVANESE LEADER ON SOLVING THE SOCIAL CONFLICT
Ratri Atmoko Benedictus
Faculty of Psychology, UNIKA Atma Jaya
The background of this study is social conflict that still occurred among people in Yogyakarta after the earthquake on 2006th. The purpose of this study is to understand the dynamic of Javanese leader on solving the social conflict among his people. It’s interesting to understand how Javanese leader make a critical choice between social harmony or social justice. This study was part of the social research that coordinated by Dr. Gavin Sullivan from Monash University and cooperated with Faculty of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University. Data were collected by using in‐depth interview toward a formal leader from a village in Bantul, Yogyakarta and analyzed by using content analysis. The result indicated that social harmony still become primary focused and priority for the leader, although contradicted with social justice. Keywords: Leadership, conflict, social harmony, and social justice
91
THE EFFECT OF OPTIMISM AND WORK FAMILY BALANCE ON SUBJECTIVE WELL‐
BEING OF INDONESIAN WOMEN LEADER
Nina Zulida Situmorang
Gunadarma University
Subjective well‐being (SWB) is an important goal for people in almost every nation (Diener, 2000). SWB refers to people's evaluations of their lives‐‐evaluations that are both affective and cognitive (Diener, Oishi & Lucas, 2003). Women leader need high SWB to get success life for work and family. The object of this research was to identify the effect of optimism and work family balance on subjective well being of Indonesian women leader. The subjects of study was 154 women leader who live in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. The data was analyzed using structural equation model with the help of statistical program Amos. The result of study showed that optimism and work family balance were significant effect on subjective well‐being of Indonesian women leader. Optimism variable shows more high effect than work family balance variable. Keywords: Optimism, work family balance, subjective well‐being, women leader
92
BALINESE WOMEN’S LEADERSHIP PATTERN
Hilda Sudhana, Supriyadi
University Of Udayana
In Balinese patrilineality society, men tend to be more dominant in decision making. On the other hand the chances for women to occupy positions that require strategic decision making is quite open. It can be seen from the results from the prospective/candidate echelon IV in local government of Bali, where 34% of candidates were women. For these reasons, this study want to know about how there adiness of Balinese women in filling out their opportunity. The purpose of this study is to get an early idea about pattern of Balinese women's leadership. Subject are Candidate as many as 105 people as a candidate subject Echelon IV, aged about 35‐53 years, with an educational background stratum 1. The pattern of leadership is measured by the Leadership Ability Evaluation that has been adapted and in‐depth interviews to explore the patterns of leadership. Preliminary results showed that (1) women have the submissive autocrative style (40%) (2) women have the Aggressive Autocrative style (28%) (3) women have the combination of submissive Autocrative and aggressive autocrative style (11%) and (4) Democratic Cooperative‐style (less than 10%). However, the implementation of the leadership style generally (81%) not very effective, because it is not very adapted to the actual condition. In decision making, there is a strong tendency that Balinese women need advice or opinions from others. Although there are Balinese women who make their own decisions, not accompanied by the attitude of assertiveness and the drive to organize and direct others. Further results of this study is expected to show weakness in the personality aspect from Balinese women. Key word: Leadership, Leadership Ability Evaluation, Balinese women.
93
‘Mambil’ Leader : Leadership Style Based Indigenous Cultural
in Korowai Ethnic, Papua
Urip Wahyudin, Nina Zulida Situmorang
Universitas Negeri Jakarta
This study explored the leadership style of Korowai ethnic in Papua, Indonesia. Mambil leader respected and was considered authoritative because it has a terrific war capabilities. Mambil is an expert on war strategy in the life of groups of people Korowai clan ‐ Kombai. He is recognized for his courage to lead the war and had killed several people in the war. Mambil leader included of Bigman leader that. Bigman concept is used for one form of political leadership that is characterized by the authority on the basis of personal ability to manipulate and allocate members of the group. The system of local leadership is further closely associated with aspects of community representation when dealing with other parties both with fellow indigenous groups as well as with the immigrants: government, private entrepreneurs and NGOs. Some groups can and may be represented by tertenu individuals concerned, by the leader, but another group requires dialogue and shared decision‐making by all members. In other words, ignoring the local political system will lead to things that are harmful. Thus, in determining the accuracy and attention to community representation on the smallest unit is a thing that should be paramount in all decision‐making process.
Key words: mambil leader, leadership style, bigman leader
94
GETTING UNDERSTAND TO THE ATTITUDE OF THE CENTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH:
CASE STUDY AT PEOPLE OF CIMAREME, NORTH BANDUNG, WEST JAVA
Wahyu Rahardjo, Intaglia Harsanti
Gunadarma University
Center of public health is not as popular as hospital nowadays in Indonesia and it is affected by how people see the center of public health. The aim of this study is to measure the attitude of the center of public health and some characteristic that might be have correlation with it. The participants of the research are 61 head of family live in Cimareme, North Bandung, West Java. The result shows that the attitude of the center of public health has positive correlation with perception of the cost spent for health service, and negative correlation with perception of the cleanness of the place and the age of the participants. Another findings show the differences of attitude of the center of public health and perception about the cleanness of the place based on educational background. Participant with higher educational background and younger age has more positive attitude.
95
Considering Senam Resiliensi as a Part of Healthy Life Style: A Study of Body
Weight of Orphans in Central Java, Indonesia
Sri Tiatri, Jap Tji Beng
Tarumanagara University
Body weight is one of some objective indicator of health. Methods that have been developed to maintain health includes maintaining or increasing body weight for children. Senam Resiliensi (SR) for children and adolescents is a body and mind exercise co‐developed by a team lead by Prof. Hiew in 2010, which has been proven to enhance physical and psychological health of children and adolescence (Tania et al., 2011). This study aims to examine the effect of SR in body weight of children and adolescent. The participants were 38 orphans in orphanages houses in Central Java. SR training was applied two times a week in one month. Result shows that body weight was maintained after SR training. However, there was improvement in average BMI. The result added the value of SR in maintaining health, and therefore it could be considered as a part of healthy lifestyle (Thirlaway & Upton, 2009).
Keywords: lifestyle, health, Senam Resiliensi, orphanage, body weight
96
Mochamad Widjanarko, Mohammad Khasan, Teguh Budi Utomo
Muria Kudus University
Various disasters hit Indonesia causing death, injury, permanent handicap, psychological trauma, and even harvest failure. Setrokalangan Village of Kudus Regency is frequently flooded caused by the overflowing of Wulan River. The community is forced to have a coping behaviour in dealing with the flood in order to survive. The purpose of the research is to know the type and intensity of the coping behaviour of Setrokalangan community who are victims of flood. Not all individu of the community from Setrokalangan Village can be the informant. Only those who have the specific identification which meets with research main problem can be the informants. The identifications are indigenous villagers of Setrokalangan Village, Kaliwungu Sub‐district, Kudus Regency and victims of flood. Coping behaviour in the research refers to Lazarus & Folkman definition. Coping strategy is divided into two, problem focused coping (PFC) and emotional focused coping (EFC), which consist of 8 forms of coping strategy. They are confrontation, social support, problem solving plan, self control, diversion, positive value, responsibility to be taken, running or avoiding. Based on the coding of the interview and observation with three research informants, it can be concluded that the coping behaviour of the community of Setrokalangan Village of Kudus Regency who are the victims of flood tends to be confrontation, problem solving plan, self control, and running or avoiding.
Keywords: flood, coping behaviour
97
Hardiness Personality of Jamu Gendong Seller
Ria Yuliana, M. Adi Nugroho
University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Indonesia is atropical country so that various plant scan flourish in the land of Indonesia. Since hundreds of years ago, the ancestors of Indonesia famous skilled in concocting herbal and traditional medicines from various plants. The ability of these ancestors in the end comes the hereditary profession herbalist to carry. However, more advanced age makes some manufacturers release products are more economical herbs in containers that attract consumers to buy. Chemical drugs had been more widely circulated than the first era ancestor. This makes carrying herbalist is increasingly displaced by the innovation. Objectives to be achieved in this study is to understand the motivation to carry herbalist and factors affecting hardiness carrying herbalist. Methods of data collection in this study using interviews. Informants in this study were carrying jamu gendong seller (herbalist) who are married and already selling herbs carry a minimum of 5 years. The results showed that the motivation to be Jamu gendong seller ((herbalist) to provide for the family and children's education expenses. Besides carrying herbalist has a high aspect commitment than other aspects. Carrying jamu gendong seller (herbalist) will continue to strive to meet their needs and will sell the herbs to carry until no more power to sell jamu gendong. Key words: Hardiness, Jamu Gendong Seller
98
CLOSENESS DIFFERENCES IN BETWEEN FATHER AND MOTHER AND INFLUENCE
ON THE SON’S AND DAUGHTER’S HAPPINESS
Nia Andriyani Hadisastro, Dinie Ratri Desiningrum
Diponegoro University
Happiness is something that everyone's expectation in life. Various studies on happiness associate happiness as part of subjective well‐being (Compton, 2005, Diener, Lucas and Oishi, 2005). Happiness is a feeling that influenced by the self and the environment. This study aims to understand and describe the meaning of happiness that felt by the children regarding of their closeness with their parents. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 (31.2%); female =1044 (68.1%); unspecified = 10 (0.65%) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Analysis of this research used descriptive quantitative and simple qualitative methods. The primary result of this research showed that parent‐child closeness because as a parent, they can understand the condition of their child. Father closeness caused by motivation has given by father as described as advice of father, teaching, and role to solve problems. Mother closeness caused by willing to be sharing place for her children. Implications of the results on children happines will be discussed later. Key words: closeness, father‐mother, happiness, son and daughter, parent‐child
relationship
99
CLOSENESS TO MOTHER AND ITS IMPACT ON MOTHER‐CHILD CONFLICT
AND SELF‐EFFICACY
Bimo Dwi Atmojo, Karyono
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
Relationship between child and their mother, especially in mothering, ussualy found some conflict. Children tend to feel close with their mother because their mother presences, is like present, support, and attention are giving impact for child confidence. This study aimed to analyze the relation between closeness to mother and type of conflict with children and their self‐efficacy. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) were completed on parent‐child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how much children feel close to their mother, type of conflict with their mother and about children self efficacy. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. The results are as follow. Most child’s feel close because they found that mother being motivator 428 (27,91%), fulfilling emotional needs 396 (25,83%), and presence of the mother 178 (11,61%) participants. Most of conflict are relational conflict 676 (44%). Implication of the results will be discussed. Key words: mother‐child closeness, type of conflict, self efficacy
100
THE RELATION OF FATHER SUPPORT, LIVING AREA, AND ETHNIC BACKGROUND
TO FATHER‐ADOLESCENT CLOSENESS IN INDONESIA : INDIGENOUS PERSPECTIVE
Cahyani Indah Triani, Kartika Sari Dewi
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University,
This study explored the relation of father support, children’s living area, and father’s ethnic background. With total of 1533 adolescents (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010).. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Most of the fathers were Javanese (77.7%) and they live in city (47.09%). Description results show that adolescents feel close to their father because father became as motivator (326) and fullfilled emotional needs (227). Statistical of the results will be discussed.
Key words: father support, closeness, adolescent, ethnic.
101
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CLOSENESS RELATIONSHIP AND ITS
RELATION TO HAPPINESS (HOW UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS PERCEIVED
CLOSENESS TO THEIR FATHER)
Primadewi Kharisma, Imam Setyawan
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
A close relationship between parents and their child are showed by family cohesiveness, interdependence, loyalty, and responsibility to care for one another; and of placing the family before one’s personal needs (Cauce & Rodriguez, 2002). When children who already become an adolescents are able to develop their closeness to father figure, it might have positive effects on adolescents behavior, protective function against several social problems, and will bring happiness to their life. The study examines relation between father‐child closeness with children happiness. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University, 479 male students (31.25%), 1044 female students (68.10%), and 10 unspecified, completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. From data processing, respondent mostly feel close to their father because father become a motivator (21. 27%). As for children’s happiness and other implication of the results will be discussed further. Key words: closeness, happiness, father‐child relationship, happiness
102
WHY PEOPLE DO DISHONESTY? AN INDIGENOUS STUDY IN JAVANESE FAMILY
Sri Lestari, M. G. Adiyanti, Faturochman
Gadjah Mada University
Being honest is most valuable behavior for all people, but many people do dishonesty. The aim of this study was to understand the reason of dishonesty action. In depth interview to twelve people, consist of 4 fathers, 4 mother and 4 adolescents from 4 Javanese families, was used to obtain data. By thematic analysis, the study found four motives that stimulate a person to act dishonesty, such as (1) altruistic, (2) maintaining social relationship, (3) conflict avoidance, and (4) self‐gain. Dishonesty motivated by altruistic and relationship reason was more acceptable than stimulated by conflict avoidance and self‐gain. The situational factors that encourage someone to act dishonesty will be discussed. Keywords: honesty, dishonesty, Javanese
103
RESPECT IN PARENT‐CHILD RELATIONSHIP IN JAVANESE FAMILY
Sri Lestari, M. G. Adiyanti, Faturochman
Gadjah Mada University
Respect to parent and elder people is prominent attitude in collectivistic society. The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of respect and its manifestation in parent‐child interaction as well as in social relationship. Data were collected from four Javanese families through in depth interview and analyzed thematically. The finding shows that respect is meant as ngajeni (to honor). Child attitude in respect to parent demonstrate through filial‐piety behavior, called berbakti (devotion). A child is valued as berbakti by his/her attitude and behavior toward parent such as (1) obedient, (2) not to disparage parent, and (3) keep parent’s honorary. Respect to other person is manifested by nguwongke (to honor) for keeping social harmony and being respectable as individual. Keywords: respect, parent‐child relationship, Javanese
104
INDIGENOUS FATHERING BASED ON FATHER’S EDUCATIONAL LEVEL AND
OCCUPATION IN SEMARANG‐CENTRAL JAVA INDONESIA
Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Siswati, Farida Hidayati
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Father as the breadwinner of the family must have roles on nurturing the children. The way of father’s nurturing, or so‐called fathering, may different, depends on several presences of social context like education degree and working situation (Duindam & Spruijt, 1997). The aim of this study is to describe fathering based on father’s educational level and occupation. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University Semarang (male = 479; female = 1044; unspecified = 10) completed on parent‐child relationship open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks the way of their father nurturing them. The demographic data shows that most fathers have education level range from senior high (31,96%), undergraduate (39,46%), to graduate (12,65%). The most occupation of fathers are enterpreneurs (19,63%), employees (15,13%), and professional (36,07%). Content analysis, categorization, and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. The results are as follow. Three main groups of fathering are found: 498 (32,70%) participants receive fulfillment of instrumental needs, 224 (14,70%) are treated well, and 177 (11,62%) get guidance from their father. Implication of the results on father‐child relationship will be discussed. Key words: nurturing, father’s nurturing, parent‐child relationship.
105
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUTHORITATIVE PARENTING STYLE TO BALINESE
ADOLESCENT HAPPINESS (AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS)
Adijanti Marheni
University of Udayana
Not all adolescent can go through adolescence stage well, even many teens has their unhappy experience because they are in a period of turbulent transition. Emotionally unstable, psychophysical and hormonal changes, high need for independence and simultaneously release the emotional bond with parents, needs to get along with peers, all of which require a good adjustment capabilities. Parenting style influence adolescents in dealing with various issues related to development (Santrock, 2007). Authoritative parenting style will help adolescent in overcoming the problems encountered so that it will be able to achieve happiness. This study aims to determine to know how much contribution of the relationship between authoritative parenting style to adolescent happiness. The method used in this research are quantitative with linear regression analysis and qualitative with FGD to explain more comprehensively the relationship between two variables. Data collection using a questionnaire with open‐ended questions developed by Kim (2000) Subjects in this study were Balinese adolescents at the age of 18‐20 years old. The expected result from this study is to show how big the influence of authoritative parenting to Balinese adolescent happiness. Keywords: Authoritative parenting style, happiness, Balinese adolescent.
106
THE DIFFERENCES OF RESPECT BETWEEN FATHER AND MOTHER AMONG
ADOLESCENTS IN INDONESIA BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC STATUS
(SEX, LIVING AREA, ECONOMICAL STATUS)
Gani Aji Prihantoro, Kartika Sari Dewi, Unika Prihatsanti
Diponegoro University
The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences of respect between father and mother among adolescents based on demographic status (sex, living area, and economical status). This research also describe adolescents the reasons why they respect their parents. With total of 1523 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044) whom completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Results show that adolescents respect their parent because of their closeness, emotional need fulfilling, instrumental fullfiling, helping resource, parents sacrifice, and parents become an children’s ideal role. As the helping resource, father give different ways from mother. Fathers respectded by his child’s because giving guidance to his children, such as advices and lessons. In the other hand, mothers respected because her sacrifice in gave birth. Implication of the results will be discussed. Key words: respect, parent‐child relationship, adolescents, sex, living area, economical status
107
TRI HITA KARANA AS THE PHILOSOPHY OF PARENTING PRACTICE OF BALI AGA
(INDIGENOUS BALINESE) SOCIETY: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW OF
BALINESE SOCIETY IN PENGLIPURAN VILLAGE, BANGLI‐BALI
Dewi Arum W M P
Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
The objective of this research was to describe the parenting concept of Bali Aga society (Indigenous Balinese) in Penglipuran village, Bangli‐Bali, which has specific cultural characteristics through indigenous psychological perspectives. This research used ethnographic method. Result of the research indicated that intergenerational parenting practices in Penglipuran family based on the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, the indigenous concept of Balinese about three harmonious relations in life, namely, Parahyangan (relation between man and God), Pawongan (relation between human being), and Palemahan (relation between man and the environment or nature). This philosophy support parenting objectives to educate the next generation to have healthy and adequate emotion and behavior. Keywords: parenting, indigenous psychology, Bali Aga (Indigenous Balinese), Tri
Hita Karana.
108
PSYCHOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF BALINESE WOMEN AND “NYENTANA”
MARRIAGE TRADITION
Dewi Puri Astiti
University of Udayana
The Balinese life system is still bound by custom and tradition, one tradition that remains strong is the tradition of marriage. Any form of ritual of marriage, in terms of preparation to implementation should be followed by the perpetrator and the family who would carry out the marriage (Windia, 2008). The typical form of marriage is a form of wedding called "nyentana". This marriage took place in the family that has no male children. To be able to carry on the traditions and customs of the family, the girl has asked to be able to invite his partner to want to get into the women's families. The Status of women in the family can be the head of the family (Purusha), and the men automatically out of his own family. Inheritance rights and obligations within the family of a missing man. Given the rules and principles of Balinese wedding on patrilineal kinship system which is influenced by the ideology of patriarchy, it is difficult to find men who are willing to nyentana. This is difficult to finding men who willing to marry a nyentana, cause psychological problems for women who are expected nyentana. This study will focus on how the process of psychological dynamics of Balinese women who are expected to perform nyentana tradition. The method used is a qualitative method with Balinese female subjects aged 18‐30 years. The expected result is the psychological dynamics of Balinese women are expected to conduct a comprehensive nyentana marriage. The overall results of this study will be discussed later.
Key words: Nyentana, Purusa, Patriarchy
109
CORRUPTION IN THE EYES OF INDONESIAN CHILDREN
Dessi Christanti, Muhammad Iqbal
Widya Mandala Chatolic University
The problem of corruption in Indonesia is felt close to the everyday lives because every day almost all the media carried stories about corruption. Thus, the word corruption to be something familiar to children. It’s important to find out what children know about corruption, because children's understanding of corruption will be carried in their behavior in the future This study aimed to explore children's understanding of corruption. Subject is 200 students grades 4 and 5 primary schools in Surabaya, Sidoarjo and Mojokerto. Data collection conducted in the form of pictures and stories. Data analyze used thematic analysis of qualitative approaches The findings fit with the child's level of cognitive development that is concrete operation. Corruption is associated with something that published in the media. Corruption is KPK, prison, Gayus,etc. They analogize corruptor with “Rampok” (robbers) and “Maling” (thieves). They said, "live anti‐corruption is something good and life in prison for corruption is bad"
110
WOMEN'S ROLE IN PEACE BUILDING PROCESS
IN MALUKU, NORTH MALUKU AND CENTRAL SULAWESI
Yosephine Dian Indraswari
Pembangunan Jaya University
Horizontal conflicts are susceptible occurs in Indonesia, a country that is multi‐ethnic, religion and race. Violent conflict in Ambon‐Maluku has more than twelve years occurred as of January 1999. Conflict also occurred in North Maluku and Central Sulawesi almost at same time. This September riots occurred again in Ambon due to the issue of killing a motorcycle taxi driver. Using semi‐structured interviews and peace psychology perspective, this study takes place in three areas of conflict: Maluku, Central Maluku and Central Sulawesi. The results show the significant role of women in peace efforts in three areas through economic activities (post‐conflict traditional market), arts and culture as well as formal cooperation among women's organizations. The results of this study recommend that in the various conflicts that may occur in Indonesia, women need to be involved in efforts to create peace and prevention.
Keyword: women‐role; conflict; peace psychology; peace building; peace prevention
111
THE VALUES OF MADURANEESE PROVERBS RELATED TO WORK,
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP AND WELL‐BEING
Muslihati
University of Malang
The aim of this study is to identify treasurers of cultural heritage of Maduranees values related to work, interpersonal and well‐being. Maduraneeseis the third biggest ethnic population in Indonesia. They originally are from a small island called Madura located in East Java province. They speak Madura language. They are famous as hard worker and out of the Island to get better live. Most of them survive as entrepreneur. Qualitative method (Bogdan&Biklen, 1998; Yin: 1999) through ethnography paradigm is utilized. The data collected by documentation, reading some book about Madura and interview. The results are; The significant model of Maduranees are; Mother (buppabenbebbu), Government leader (Ratoh) and Religious teacher (Guruh). Madura culture worth of indigenous values related self‐esteem, interpersonal relationship, motivation, and well‐being. The values regulate and guide the society to have good behavior and to be good personality to reach well‐being in their self.
112
DIAGNOSIS, COUNSELING AND TREATMENT : UNIVERSAL PERSPECTIVES
Nanik
Faculty of Psychology, University of Surabaya
Behavior therapy approach is used in psychological intervention of button phobic, including systematic desensitization, relaxation, cognitive‐behavioral therapy, modelling and skill training therapy. Partisipant (N=1) was button phobics in ce adolescence. Sampling technique in this research was accidental sampling. Psychological intervention design was classified as quasi experiment with single‐case subject design. Data collection was performed with a multi‐assessment, including observation and interviews, anxiety questionnaires and interview of cognitive change processes, before and after therapy is given. Results of psychological intervention indicated that behavioral therapy can be relied upon their role in overcoming anxiety of button phobic.
Key Words: Button phobic, behavior therapy, psychological intervention
113
HEALTHY INSIDE GOOD RESULT OUTSIDE
Azizatul Adni
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Pressure from the boss, not satisfied with the job and salary, and the problem in home. That is the example of a kind of thing that can trigger a problem in work place. It also can relate to the satisfaction of the job result. Based on the research result that there is a relation between a mental health and the burn out, the result is when you have a higher mental health the lower burn out you can feel. in this research burn out is explain as the physic stress in job that be marked by the symptoms of exhaustion, cynisim, and the reduce of personal accomplishments. The reality now that there is so many employee feel that occupational stress that can give a huge effect to job performance. When the job performance is bad it can give an effect to the job satisfaction. And each individual have their own way to coping their stress.
114
CONTRIBUTION OF JOB STRESS ON EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
Domnina Rani Puna Rengganis
Widya Mandala Catolic University
This study aimed to understand the contribution of job stress on productive behavior of employees. Based on observations, the use of effective work time is visible on the activities of talking, leave the workplace and open Internet during work time, thus making the delay in completion time of a given task. If this behavior is not controlled, then gradually it was feared could become a habit, so it can lower productive behavior from employees, or may even inhibit the rate of development and achievement of organizational goals. More about the behavior of productive employees, according to several sources involved, there are some things that can make productive behavior getting lower. One is work stress that faced by employees. Job stress essentially refers to the conditions of work threaten individuals. Sources of stress are from anywhere, and this research is devoted to the sources of stress in the workplace (workplace stressors or job stressors). Stress is emerging as a form of individual disharmony with his/her environment. Output in this research that is empirically found the contribution of work stress on employees’ productive behavior. Subjects in this study are employees of university X in Surabaya. The study was designed using the survey method, because it is intended as a preliminary study whose results can be used as a reference for further research, as well as the foundation of training programs for service creation. The subjects used in this study are 97 employees. From the results obtained, 49 people experiencing high job stress and 42 people belonging to very high job stress. In addition, 52 people have average productive behavior, and 35 people have a high productive behavior. Hypothesis testing using a test of correlation with correlation techniques Kendall's tau‐b, because one of the variables are not normally distributed. From the results of calculations, gained significance level p = 0.000 <0.01 with a correlation coefficient rxy = ‐0.300 This means that the test of the hypothesis is accepted, and there are negative and significant relationship between job stress and employee productive behavior. Key words: job stress, productive behavior
115
Compliance of Public Transportation (Angkot) Driver Toward Traffic Regulation
In Semarang City (A Phenomenological Study)
Handrix Chrisharyanto
Paramadina University
The aim of this study was to understand the psychological dinamics and the meaning of compliance from public transportation (angkot) driver. This study uses a phenomenology‐qualitative study approach. The respondents for this study are three men who are working as public transportation (angkot) drivers in Semarang City.Result of the study showed that angkot drivers in Semarang tend to raise some degree of non‐compliant manner toward traffic rules. This is caused from the demanding condition of necessities fulfilment, the value held by the drivers, the view on local government and transportation department, the view on “juragan”—the drivers bosses, the view on passengers’ condition, the view on supporting infrastructure, the view on the numbers of personal vehicle and other means of public transportation, the view on other public transportation’s violation, information stress on traffic rules, and the view on compliance in social life. Keyword: compliance, public transportation (angkot) driver
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KONSEP DAN KATEGORI AWAL MAKNA KEBAHAGIAAN DALAM KALANGAN
PESAKIT SPINAL CORD INJURY DI SABAH, MALAYSIA
Ferlis Bahari, Prof. Dr. Rosnah Ismail, Dr. Murnizam Halik
University of Malaysia Sabah
Kecederaan saraf tunjang (Spinal Cord Injury, SCI) memerlukan perubahan yang besar dalam gaya hidup pesakit, disertai oleh pelbagai stres bio‐psiko‐sosial, spiritual; memerlukan sumber perubatan dan kewangan yang besar (Mitcho & Yanko,1999; Kennedy et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2005; Tsai et al., 2005) dan alami tekanan fizikal dan psikologi (Lou et al., 1997). Walaupun banyak literatur telah menerangkan tentang implikasi fizikal, psikologi, sosial dan spiritual terhadap pesakit SCI (Berghammer et al., 1997; Liang et al., 2001; Brillhart , 2004; Chen et al. 2005; 2005, Kinder Sharma, 2005; Lohne & Severinsson, 2006) serta kualiti kehidupan mereka (Brillhart 2004; Lucke et al. 2004), namun tidak banyak kajian yang memberi fokus kepada persepsi pesakit terhadap makna dan definisi kebahagiaan SCI. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk meneroka konsep dan kategori awal makna dan definisi kebahagiaan dalam kalangan pesakit SCI di Sabah, Malaysia. Seramai lima orang pesakit SCI iaitu terdiri daripada paraplegia dan tetraplegia telah dijadikan sebagai subjek kajian. Rekabentuk Grounded Theory Methodology digunakan untuk memerihalkan penyebab, proses dan kesan kebahagiaan SCI. Pengkaji menggunakan theoretical sampling dalam pemilihan responden kajian. Bagi menganalisis makna kebahagiaan SCI, pengkaji menggunakan analisis Concept‐Indicator Model yang telah disarankan oleh Glaser (1978) dan Strauss (1987) semasa Open Coding. Bagi menguji credibility hasil kajian, pengkaji menggunakan kaedah peer check dan member check. Hasil kajian menunjukkan antara konsep dan kategori awal yang berjaya dibentuk semasa Open Coding bagi penyebab stres (access, interaksi, friendship, penerimaan orang, dapat mencapai sesuatu); strategi mendapatkan kebahagiaan (humour, aktiviti sosial, tentukan matlamat, amalan agama, sokongan); intervening (peralatan, peranan carer, rehabilitasi) dan kesan kebahagiaan (harapan, kualiti hidup,
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semangat, kejayaan, makna hidup, perubahan). Hasil kajian awal ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran dan fakta berkaitan fenomena kebahagiaan SCI. Penyelidikan ini juga memberi manafaat kepada bidang Psikologi Positif, komuniti SCI, keluarga SCI, pihak kerajaan dan masyarakat secara umumnya. Keywords: Konsep, Kategori, Kebahagiaan, Orang Kurang Upaya Fizikal, Grounded Theory Methodology
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USADHA ANCESTRAL HERITAGE: INDIGENOUS STUDIES AGAINST BELIEF IN THE
BALINESE TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Anak Agung Gede Ariputra Sancahya, Nyoman Adi Krisna Wibawa,
I Gde Dhika Widarnandana, Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
University of Udayana
Usadha (Balinese traditional medicine) that was introduced by the ancestors is the science of healing which is imbued by the values of Hindu Religion (Prastika, 2009) as well as teaching resources found on lontar (an ancient Balinese manuscript) (Sukantra, 1992). Communities in Bali, still believe that treatment with usadha many benefits to cure the disease, although there have been many public health service facilities (health centers, health clinics, medical practices) are spread evenly in each district, but went to the balian (traditional healers of Bali) is still a choices that can not be dismissed for both rural and urban people. The purpose of this study was to determine why the Balinese believe to usadha and the factors that cause it. Respondents from this study of 100 respondents who are Hindu and domiciled in the Province of Bali. The approach in this study using the indigenous approach, with data retrieval method using an open‐ended questionnair and FGDs (focus group disscussion), methods of analysis used is a method of qualitative analysis using the response categorization and cross‐tabulation. The results of this study indicate that public confidence in Bali against usadha caused by the belief in hereditary usadha inherited from parents / ancestors and influenced by factors of Balinese culture.
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QUALITY OF LIFE IN ISOLATED TRADITIONAL COMMUNITIES AT ASMAT ETHNIC,
PAPUA
Urip Wahyudin, Nina Zulida Situmorang
Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Papua have 19 districts of isolated traditional communities with a population of 32,815 families and 155,426 people. That condition made them very lower of quality of life. One of location is Mumugu "boundary stones" Kampung Mumugu, Asmat District. They live in very poor condition and that are geographically relatively difficult to reach. They face difficulties in meeting basic social needs, social‐psychological and developmental needs. Some of them were nomadic, very primitive and also have limited access to social services, economic and political. This study explored to collect data and information about social conditions, culture and environment, and potential sources of social welfare, social welfare and types of programs and activities required isolated traditional communities with actual needs of society. Moreover, the result of study to show that asmat ethnic means happiness with different word than other. Key words: Quality of Life, Isolated Traditional Communities, Asmat Ethnic
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PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐BEING OF THE JAVANESE ELDERLY IN RURAL AREA BASED
ON THE PHYSICAL CONDITIONS
Aisah Indati
Gadjah Mada University
“Being old is a certainty, being mature is a choice”. This phrase is the most suitable for elder people. This study aimed to explore the psychological condition of the elderly focusing on the wisdom. In this study, the wisdom being explored was on how the erlder people adjust with their old age based on their physical conditions. Participants of this study were 80 elder people who participated in the program of “Yandu Lansia” (a health program for the elder people) in two villages in Kulon Progo and Sleman. Data were collected through interviews and observations. Findings showed that there was no correlation between the elderly’s self‐adjustment and the physical decline, with r=‐0,141. Findings also suggested that the elder people’s self adjustment was averagely good; the empirical mean (66,60) was higher than the hypothetical mean (54). In general, the physical condition of elder people was good, with only several physical declines and not severe illness.
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THE ROLE OF OPTIMISM AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ON SUBJECTIVE WELL‐BEING
OF SURVIVAL ADOLESCENT FROM ACEH TSUNAMI 2004
Nefi Darmayanti
Gadjah Mada University
Tsunami disaster which stroked Banda Aceh in 2004 brought about many survivors who live today in adolescent and they can still survive and develop their positive potentials so they can achieve their life satisfaction. Life satisfaction becomes the main parameter for subjective well‐being. If those survivors do not experience the subjective well‐being, the psychological problems will appear. As the experts assessment that subjective well‐being has negative correlation with depression and adolescent’ behavior disorders. Subjective well‐being of the person is determined by the internal and external factors; one of influencing internal factors is optimism, and one of the external factor is social support from surroundings. Do optimism and social support have impact on the subjective prosperity of Survival adolescent? The goal of this research is to know the role of optimism and social support on subjective well‐being of survival adolescent from Aceh tsunami 2004. The subject of this research is 209 survival adolescent, between 15 ‐ 18 years of age who stay in Banda Aceh. The result of this research finds out that optimism and social support do have impact on the subjective well‐being of survival adolescent from Aceh Disaster 2004; which is depicted by the coefficient of F reg= 110,391; R=0,179; R2= 0,517, dan p< 0,01. Based on this research, it can be concluded that optimism and social support contribute to the emergence of Subjective well‐being of Survival Teenagers at 51,7 percent.
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ARISAN : THE WAY TO SAVE MONEY
CASE STUDY IN FISHERMAN COMMUNITY IN KENJERAN SURABAYA
Muhammad Iqbal, Dessi Christanti
Surabaya University
Arisan, is a group of people who collect money on a regular basis in each period. Once the money collected, one of the members of the group will come out as winners after the draw or by appointment. Arisan is common In Indonesia Society. In fisherman community in Kenjeran Surabaya, most of them join in arisan. This study aims to uncover arisan meaning for fishermen Kenjeran and what really keeps them involved arisan. Data is collected in depth interviews with two people fishing Kenjeran. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis of qualitative approach. The results showed that for fisherman arisan is saving money. They consider arisan is better than saving money in the bank. Arisan can be a social capital for fisherman to earn money. Depositing money is done every day for 10,000 to 20,000 rupiah. It is actually against them because their income is uncertain. Money obtained from Arisan used to buy expensive goods.
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THE CONCEPT OF RUKUN IN JAVANESE’S PERSPECTIVE
Sri Lestari, Bimo Walgito, Faturochman, M. G. Adiyanti
Gadjah Mada University
Rukun is one of important value as behavior guidance for Javanese people. This study aimed to explore the meaning of rukun for Javanese. The data were gathered through in depth interview to twelve participants, consist of 4 fathers, 4 mothers and 4 adolescents from 4 families in Surakarta. Finding shown that rukun manifest in two level, that are superficial and essential. Superficial rukun is keeping connectedness by suppress conflict. Essential rukun is keeping harmony in togetherness by care about each other. Thereby manifestation of rukun indicated by keep connection, maintaining harmony and care about each other. The implication of this finding for peace education will be discussed. Keywords: rukun, harmony, Javanese
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PSYCHODYNAMICS OF FREE TIME IN CANGKRUKAN‐JAGONGAN CUSTOM AT
DUSUN SIDOWAYAH, SIDOHARJO, PONOROGO
Mohammad Mahpur
Psychology Department, Islamic State University Malang
Cangkrukan‐jagongan had different meaning, but both describing psychodynamic of social interaction in a free time contructs. Cangkrukan meant relax dan free from community’s active time, it was a free activities from tasks and productive time. In other side jagongan was a heuristic and functioned, but still need a free time based on the goal for interaction one person to another. Psychologically both cangkrukan and jagongan was the usage of free time in collective communication. Cangkrukan used as a medium to avoiding loneliness and stress in people. Jagongan in other word used for building social interaction informally. Both of cangkrukan and jagongan is an indigenous practice to fill the free time. in both activities community transformed to reach psychological relaxing, sharing medium, and surviving from alienation situation. Functionally cangkruan‐jagongan is a social cultural change strategy. Keyywords : Cangkrukan‐jagongan, free time, psychodynamics, and social change.
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UNDERSTANDING THE MASCULINITY CONCEPT AND PERCEPTION TOWARD
INTIMATE PARTNER AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN THE JAVANESE‐MUSLIM
CONTEXT
Ariana Marastuti
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada
Violence against women is one of the most common pervasive human rights violations across countries and populations. While home is supposed to be a safe a place for women where they should not require protection from violence, it is not uncommon for women to become victims of violence in their own home. The Commission on Violence Against Women, Komnas Perempuan, in 2005 reported that over 20,000 cases of violence against women in Indonesia. Masculinity has been mentioned as one predictor of aggressive behavior toward women and much research has been done to find effective approaches to address men’s aggression. The concept of masculinity will vary from culture to culture, because it is shaped by the norms and values of each society. Therefore, the concept of masculinity in Java society would be constructed based on Islamic and Javanese values. This study tested the hypothesis that Javanese‐Muslim men scoring high on the Masculinity Scale would evidence greater level of justification of perception toward intimate partner aggressive behavior compared with men scoring low in Masculinity Scale with controlling cultural adherence, religiosity, age, education, income, place and Gender Role Stress (GRS), and putting gender role stress (GRS) as a moderating factor. Data was obtained from DIY Province in Indonesia which distributed into two regencies, Bantul and Yogyakarta. Two hundred Javanese‐Muslim men answered five measurements (masculinity, cultural adherence, religiosity, gender role stress and perception toward aggressive behavior). Regression analysis with four models has been chosen to explain relationship among each factor. The overall model explained 13 percent of the variance of perception toward aggressive behavior. Men with high Masculinity and high level of cultural adherence have reported greater level of
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their justification of perception toward intimate partner aggressive behavior at four models, as one unit increase in masculinity is 0.13 unit increase in perception toward intimate partner aggressive behavior. Regression also present that cultural adherence plays a significant role as a control variable in the relationship between Masculinity and perception toward intimate partner aggressive behavior, as one unit increase in cultural adherence is 0.25 unit goes up in perception toward intimate partner aggressive behavior.
Key Words: Masculinity, Perception toward Intimate partner aggressive behavior, Javanese, Muslim, Men
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CONTRIBUTOR OF BALINESE ADOLESCENT’S HAPPINESS BASED ON CATUR
WANGSA
(AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY APPROACH)
Made Padma Dewi Bajirani, Komang Diatmi, Made Yanthi Ary Agustini, David
Hizkia Tobing
University of Udayana
Catur Wangsa is a wangsa categorization system based on lineage which still exists in the living of Balinese people. Catur Wangsa is divided into 4 wangsa, they are Brahmana, Ksatria, Waisya, and Sudra (Rai, 2005). Based on the research of happiness adolescent in Bali (Bajirani & Supriyadi, 2011), the adolescent’s happiness is caused by several factors such as achievement, family, peers, and other aspects in terms of place of living of the adolescent itself, both in urban or rural area. This research is the continuation of the previous one, which wants to find out the contributor for happiness to Balinese adolescent based on Catur Wangsa. This research used Indigenous Psychology Approach which analyzes phenomena based on local culture point of view. The subject of the research is 16‐18 years old Balinese adolescent who answered questionnaire in an open question (Kim, 2010). The analysis used in this research is qualitative by applying response categorization. The result expected there is a dominant factor which becomes the contributor of happiness to Balinese adolescent in every wangsa. The complete result will be discussed later.
Key words: Happiness, Balinese Adolescent, Catur Wangsa, Indigenous Psychology
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A LINGKAGE OF HAPPINESS AND WOMEN'S CAREER SUCCESS
Nina Zulida Situmorang
Gunadarma University
The paper discusses about happiness and women's career success in Indonesian. Happiness ‐ or what researchers refer to as “subjective well‐being” define as the degree to which an individual judges the overall quality of his life‐as‐a‐whole favorably. Happiness comprises of satisfaction with life events, satisfaction with external but relevant factors like work, family, friends, and presence of feelings of joy along with absence of negative affects (Diener, 1984; Diener, Suh, Lucas, & Smith, 1999). It is elaborates the theories of happiness description of women's career success of and discusses factors that lead to subjective well‐being of women. The paper used bottom‐up and top down theory to understanding women’s happiness. Result shows that personality variable related to women’s career success. Then the result are discussed in relation to the theory of bottom up and top down theory. Key words: happiness, career success, personality
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APAKAH YANG MEMBUAT LANSIA (OLD PEOPLE) BALI BAHAGIA
STUDI EKSPLORASI PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI INDIGENOUS
Luh Kadek Pande Ary Susilawati
Universitas Udayana
Kebahagiaan merupakan perasaan atau disebut juga kesejahteraan subjektif (subjective well‐being) yang berasal dari dalam diri individu (Diener, 2000). Individu yang tergolong lanjut usia (lansia) juga memiliki hak untuk bahagia. Secara usia, lansia adalah individu yang berusia 65 tahun ke atas, baik yang masih bugar dan aktif maupun yang sudah tidak bugar dan mulai sulit mengelola aktivitasnya sehari‐hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi ha‐hal apa saja yang membuat lansia di Bali bahagia. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan angket yang mengandung open‐ended questionnaire mengenai kebahagiaan yang diadaptasi dari Kim (2010). Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 orang lansia yang merupakan orang Bali asli, tinggal di Denpasar, dan berusia di atas 65 tahun, baik yang masih bugar maupun tidak. Analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menganalisis jawaban‐jawaban subjek, dikategorisasikan dan diberi koding pada tiap kategori. Lalu dilakukan analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif pada jawaban‐jawaban responden. Hasil sementara dari 20 responden menunjukkan terdapat beberapa sumber kebahagiaan pada lansia di Bali, yaitu (1) keluarga, terutama adanya cucu (2) sehat, menyangkut kesehatan diri, anak, dan cucu serta (3) masih dapat melakukan aktivitas sehari‐hari. Kata Kunci : kebahagiaan, lansia
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IRATIONAL BELIEF, LOCAL COPING RESPONSE, AND HAPPINESS
OF NYCTOPHOBIA SUFFERERS
Listyo Yuwanto, Agnes Fellicia Budiman, Heidi Patricia
University of Surabaya
Phobia disorder identical to avoid object or phobic situation (avoidance behavior). Generally, those phobic suffer who are not able to avoid phobic object or circumstances will display excessive anxiety behavior. This research aims to describe the dynamics of nyctophobia disorder. Research result reveal that the main cause of nyctophobia is an irrational belief which is affecting emotion. Not all people with phobia directly display an excessive anxiety behavior, they show a non‐escape attitude and survive for minutes to face the phobic object or circumstances. This is an individual response called local coping response. This response is one of important asset for therapeutic aimed at changing thoughts and adaptive behavior for people with phobia. Local coping response behavior can be utilized as thought evaluate strategy towards reality. When facing phobic object or circumstances, sufferers could display local coping response behavior, combined with thought reality testing. Reality testing evidence can be used to reconstruct their thoughts expected adaptive behavior. Experiencing nyctophobia affect to a low happiness because of comparing to those who are not suffer nyctophobia. Results are discussed further. Keywords: Nyctophobia, irational belief, Emotion, local coping response, happiness
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HOW MOTHER’S PRESSURE WILL AFFECT ADOLESCENTS SELF‐EFFICACY,
HAPPINESS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT?
Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Jati Ariati
Diponegoro University
A mother’s pressure will influence the way children perceive the opportunity, their ability to explore those opportunity, and their feeling to it. This study aims to analyze a mother’s pressure related to her children’s self‐efficacy, academic achievement, and happiness. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how much pressure does their parents give on them and the type of pressures. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. The results from analysis, categorization, and cross‐tabulation run for this study, were taken the highest 3 percentage of mother parental’s pressure, positive perception about pressure got the highest percentage (42.2%), then followed by pressure in achievement (42%), and pressure in family demand (5.94%). All pressure will affect their academic achievement and happiness indirectly. Implication of the results will be discussed. Key words: parent’s pressure, self‐efficacy, academic achievement, happiness, mother‐child relationship.
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SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES PARENTS AND CHILDREN’S
VALUES
Purwandari Eny
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
The results of the mini research is similarities and differences of values between father, mother and child. Based on the Rokeach Values Survey (RVS) contained 18 life values obtained equation first orientation of values between father, mother and child (junior high and high school) is located in the comfort of the family. However, somewhat different orientation in junior high school age children, which is ranked two and three are alive the spirit and safety. Father, mother and child exactly the same high school rank two and three, which is happiness and harmony. Other results showed that the orientation of values from below the junior high and high school kids the same, namely equality, social recognition and the beauty of the world. And this is different from the parents, the father of a sequence is freedom, beauty and excitement of the world. While the mother is the beauty of the world, social recognition and freedom. The same orientation and this will lead to different implications in the interaction between family members, communication within the family, parent education pattern in children and others. Keywords: orientation of values, parents, children, similarities, differences
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CONFLICT AMONG PARENT‐CHILD BASED ON GENDER, AGE AND PARENTAL
SUPPORT:
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY PARENT‐CHILD RELATIONSHIP STUDY
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Novi Qonitatin
Diponegoro University
Well being of children affect from relation among child and their parents. In reality,this relation does not always run smoothly, where conflicts can arise any time. As we known, children are more likely to experience joy and tend to be successful when parents have good relation, support and encourage them. In an attempt to examine conflict on parent‐child relationship, this study would like to see the influence of gender, age, and parental support on conflict among parent‐child. Instrument of this research was open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). There were 1523 undergraduate students (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) at Diponegoro University who participated in this study as participants. Data analyzed with content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulation. The results show that relational conflict tends to appear among parent‐child, both of father and mother. Implications of findings are discussed later. Key words: Conflict Among Parent‐Child, Gender, Parent’s Age, Parent’s Support.
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AKTUALISASI NILAI HORMAT ANAK KEPADA ORANG TUA MELALUI
KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA KRAMA INGGIL PADA MASYARAKAT JAWA
Amaliyah Salsabiela, Ainin Amariana, Faliha Muthmainah
University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Hildred Geertz (1961) menulis bahwa bagi orang Jawa, keluarganya, orang tuanya, anak‐anaknya, merupakan rakyat yang paling penting di dunia. Oleh karena itu mereka selalu mendapat bimbingan serta petunjuk mengenai berbagai nilai kebudayaan Jawa yang berguna bagi sosialitas mereka agar tidak menyimpang dari norma‐norma kebudayaan mereka. Nilai hormat yang dapat tercermin dari cara kita bersikap dengan orang tua dalam masyarakat jawa sangat dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan kita dalam berbahasa kromo inggil. Seperti yang akan kita bahas nanti, dalam kebudayaan jawa, khususnya dalam aturan Bahasa Jawa, bahasa ini memiliki 3 (tiga) tingkatan, yaitu bahasa ngoko, kromo dan kromo inggil. Bahasa ngoko merupakan bahasa yang digunakan untuk berbicara pada orang yang lebih muda atau seusia yang memiliki kesan lebih santai dan tidak formal, yang kedua bahasa kromo, bahasa ini digunakan untuk berbicara pada orang yang lebih tua yang menunjukkan kesan lebih sopan, baik dari cara pengucapannya atau pemilihan katanya. Dan yang ketiga bahasa kromo inggil, bahasa ini digunakan untuk berbicara pada orang yang lebih tua dan memiliki wibawa atau dipandang lebih, dalam pangkat maupun keilmuannya. Dari ketiga tingkatan tersebut, ketiganya memiliki perbedaan dalam hal pemilihan kata, cara pengucapan, dan pemilihan tinggi rendahnya intonasi suara yang digunakan saat berbicara. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kita harus pandai menyesuaikan diri dalam menggunakan tingkatan bahasanya agar dapat dikatakan tepat. Perbedaan cara penggunaan bahasa ini akan mempengaruhi cara bersikap dalam interaksi sosialnya yang merupakan hasil dari proses internalisai pemakainya untuk bersikap sesuai dengan tingkatan bahasa yang ia gunakan. Sesuai dengan salah satu falsafah jawa yang berbunyi “Ajining diri soko lathi, ajining sariro soko busono”, kita dapat mengambil spirit dari pesan yang terkandung di dalamnya, bahwa "Seseorang dihargai dan dihormati karena ucapannya, dan penampilannya (busono/atribut)” yang keduanya saling mempengaruhi. Kata Kunci: Nilai hormat, Krama Inggil, Masyarakat Jawa
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PARENTAL VALUES AND ITS IMPACT TO CHILDREN ETHNIC
AND RELIGION IDENTIFICATION: INDIGENOUS PARENT‐CHILD RELATIONSHIP
STUDY
Beta Kurnia Arriza Abdul Kadir, Costrie Ganes Widayanti,
Prasetyo Budi Widodo
Diponegoro University,
Establishment and understanding values in family which taught by parents will affect children’s development. It also will affect children’s mindset and determine the way they react or behave. Children will internalize values they obtained, recorded in subconscious. This mindset will realized in they daily behavior. Values gives meaning to perpective changes and in the way children act. The purpose of this study is to analyze relation between learned values from parents to adolescents ethnical and religion identification. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asked what type of values they learned from their parents and how strong they identified their religion and ethnic. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Out of 1533 respondents of this research, most of respondents agreed that mother and father gives and teaches them the same values in life. But 21 respondents (1.3%) and 49 respondents (3.2%) state that they’ve got extra values from their father, its leadership value and value in being the best. 691 out of 1533 respondents (45,07%) also state that they feel quite attached with their culture identification, 564 of them (36,79%) feel attached with their culture identification, and 143 of them (9,33%) are feel very attached with their culture identification. Implication to religion identification will be discussed later.
Key words: parental values, ethnic, religion identification, parent‐child relationship.
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THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SELF ACCEPTENCE OF PARENT WITH HANDICAPED
CHILDERNS BASED ON THEIR INVOLVMENT WITHIN THE GROUP WITH SAME
INTEREST AND FOR THOSE WHO HAVE NOT INVOLVE WITH THE SUPPORT
GROUP.
Iriani Indri Hapsari, Herdiyan Maulana
The aim of this research was to analyzed the differences between self acceptence of parent with handicaped childerns based on their involvment within the group with same interest and for those who have not involve with the support group. Non probabilitys ampling technique was used for this research, with incidental sampling type. 64 Parent with handicapped children agree to participate into this research. With detailed, 32 parent have support group and rest of it who have not involve with support group. Adapted Berger Self Acceptance Scale into bahasa was used for the measurement of the research. Independent sample T‐Test was the statistical analysis method that researcher used for the research. The result showed that t = 0, 267 with df = 62 ; t < t able (2) and p = 0,79 ; p > 0,05 therefore Howas accepted and H1 was rejected. The result showed that there is no significance different between self acceptence of parent with handicaped childre who join the support group with them who have not join the group. Discussion of this research establish the statement that theres several factor that may be influenced this result, such as family, cultural problems, and religious view, also with social and economic status.
Key Word: Self Acceptance, Support Group, parent with handicapped children
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HOW INDONESIAN STUDENTS PERCEIVE STRANGERS: INDIGENOUS
PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Zafira Shabrina, Banyu Wicaksono, Sulasmi Sudirman,
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The purpose of this study is to see whether different sex, education level, and growth place have different level of closeness towards strangers. This research uses quantitative approach. The database is obtained using the open‐ended Questionnaire developed by Kim involving 545 respondents: 420 high school students and 125 undergraduate students. This is a one‐item measurement involving an item of rating scale from the questionnaire: “How close do you feel towards strangers?”; ranging from 0‐10 (very close‐very far). The result shows that there is insignificant difference in the degree of closeness of male and female towards strangers: High‐School Undergraduate (P = 0.007); High‐School ‐ Male Female (P = 0.119) & Undergraduate ‐ Male Female (P = 0.569); High‐School ‐ Big City City Rural (P = 0.495) & Undergraduate ‐ Big City City Rural (P = 0.717). Moreover, interpreting the result of the research by looking on Hall’s personal reaction bubble, most Indonesians’ place stranger on the third out of four layers of social distance. This means, there is a significant distance between Indonesian individual and someone they don’t know (strangers).
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ENLARGEMENT TERRITORY, HELP VILLAGE AND VILLAGE
CONFLICTINBALIPHENOMENON (CASE STUDIES OF VILLAGES CONFLICT
IN BALI)
Ketut Sudhana Astika
University of Udayana
Villages in Bali has two forms with the term when viewed from the activity and development orientation; ‘traditional village’ and ‘office Village’ (desa adat dan ‘desa dinas) Both have systems and different patterns of leadership, each chaired by a member who was given the senior status who called 'Bendesa' or 'kelihan'. ‘Traditional village’ and ‘office Village’, which based on Hindu’s customs and religion, with the philosophy of life based on Tri Hita Karana, embody three principles of balance and harmony of relationships their life, are: human relationship with God, the relationship of human beings, Human relation with their environment. With this philosophy, the hope that life in rural communities Bali can run safely and peacefully in all aspects for welfare purposes. But after entering the period of reform, there are some conflicts that undermine the unity of the Balinese Bali. Some villages fighting overvillage borders. Even people who came from same village fight over the areas for burials and burial. Conflict has brought the victim other than property also injured and even loss of life. The climax is the rupture of the unity of the village, because some people in a village want to enlargement territory, separating their‐self from their village and form a new village. This paper explained some cases of conflict that occurred in several places in Bali, as a picture of how unity and togetherness among the villager scould be disturbed due to the issue of enlargement territory, shifting of the village boundaries until the issue about the aid delivered to the village by the government so that there is a desire to form a new village from the other villagers who did not get the aid. The conflict phenomenon in Balinese society have weakened the basis for the establishment of the village: Tri Hita Karana philosophy based on customary and religious Balinese Hindu as a life guide Balinese people. Keywords: Enlargement territory, Tri Hita Karana philosophy, conflict.
139
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐BEING IN GAY MALE
Ridho Ariono, Wahyu Rahardjo
Gunadarma University
As a minority, homosexual’s existence brings controversy in society. Homosexual faced discriminations in many occasion and affected their psychological well‐being. At this point, they need a good emotional intelligence for balancing their mental health. The aim of this study is to measure the correlation between emotional intelligence and psychological well‐being in gay men. The participants of the research are 53 gay male. The result shows the positive significant correlation between emotional intelligence and psychological well‐being in gay male. Another interesting finding is the fact that the participants have good emotional intelligence and psychological well‐being which is mean they can adapt well in the society, have good self‐acceptance and optimism in doing daily activities, and also can build warm relation to other people.
140
MEANING OF LIFE AS MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISLAMIC
PIETY AND WISDOM ON EMERGING ADULTHOOD
Lila Pratiwi, Aliah B. Purwakania Hasan
Universitas Indonesia
Islamic piety (or taqwaa), meaning of life and wisdom played important roles in eastern people daily of life, especially in religious learning environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between taqwaa mediated by meaning of life (one’s reflection on life experience) and wisdom. Research subjects were college students majoring in psychology or guidance and counseling program, from the University with an Islamic background. A number of 154 samples were obtained from three universities in South Jakarta area. The data was collected through a questionnaire. Measuring tools used for this study were the Scale of Taqwaa, the Purpose in Life Test Scale, and Three‐Dimension Wisdom Scale, i.e. (1) cognitive dimension, (2) reflective dimension, and (3) affective dimension. Data processing was conducted in Structural Equation Modeling analysis techniques (SEM), with the help of LISREL 8.72 program. Results showed that (1) taqwaa has significant relationship to one’s meaning in life, (2) one’s meaning in life has significant relationship to wisdom, (3) taqwaa has some influence to wisdom, and (4) taqwaa has significant influence to wisdom, only after being mediated by one’s meaning in life (individual’s reflection on life experience).
Key Words: Taqwaa (Islamic Piety), Meaning in Life, Wisdom
141
HAPPINESS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN SLEMAN REGENCY, YOGYAKARTA
Luthfi Fathan Dahriyanto, Koentjoro, Lukmawati, Dhinik Rusinani,
Magda Bhinnety Etsem
University of Gadjah Mada
This study seeks to find out the meaning of happiness amongst early adolescents in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. A qualitative study is used to capture the varied, many and sometimes ambiguous concept of happiness. In this study, cultural context of happiness mainly Javanese also plays a role in the concept being described by the respondents in Focused Group Discussion (FGD) session. Five males and five females’ age between 24 – 35 years old are involved in this study. Following the FGD session an in‐depth interview is conducted to provide more complete picture of the dynamics of happiness among the respondents. The findings revealed that happiness is described as a state of condition which is peaceful, relaxing, ayem1 and tentrem2. And happiness is also correlated with certain conditions; the fulfillment of basic needs, affiliation needs, religious feelings, productive activities, ability to maintain positive thinking in every situation, goal achievement, and supportive family. Departs from those findings, there are two most important situations affecting happiness; namely religious feeling and social supports. And it may also conclude that happiness is described subjectively depends on the individuals, cultural and social context.
Keywords: happiness; early adolescent; Javanese culture
142
Hubungan Antara Intensitas Pembelajaran Tari Bali dengan Kecerdasan
Emosional Anak Usia 7 sampai 11 Tahun di Dusun Bona Kecamatan Blahbatuh
Kabupaten Gianyar
Ni Putu Natalya, Sintha Dewi Aryaningrat, Made Virgo Baharirama,
Tience Debora Valentina
Udayana University
Pendidikan seni dapat mengolah kecerdasan Emosional seorang anak, karena di dalam pendidikan seni mengolah semua bentuk kegiatan tentang aktivitas fisik dan cita rasa keindahan, yang tertuang dalam kegiatan berekspresi, bereksplorasi, berkreasi dan berapresiasi melalui bahasa rupa, bunyi, gerak dan peran (Kusumastuti,2009). Penelitian ini bermaksud mengkaji Hubungan antara Penanaman Budaya Lokal Seni Tari Bali dan Kecerdasan Emosional pada Anak Usia 6 Tahun sampai 11 Tahun di Dusun Bona Kecamatan Blahbatuh Kabupaten Gianyar. Penelitian ini berusaha melihat muatan budaya Indonesia dalam hal Seni Tari Bali dalam rangka pengembangan kecerdasan emosional anak usia 6 tahun sampai 11 tahun. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kolerasional. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah Anak ‐ anak di Desa Bona Kecamatan Blahbatuh Kabupaten Gianyar yang sudah menjalankan secara rutin Seni Tari Bali setidaknya 6 bulan dan saat ini berusia antara 6 sampai 11 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini dan implikasinya akan dibahas kemudian. Keyword: Kecerdasan Emosional, Budaya Lokal Seni Tari Bali, Perkembangan Kecerdasan Anak
143
THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF UNIVERSITY BELONGINGNESS IN THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN SELF‐EFFICACIES IN CAREER AND ACADEMIC DOMAINS AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT
Ling Jin, ByeoriSeong, Jaewon Yang, Eunjoo Yang
Korea University
Relatedness, or a sense of belongingness, plays a central role in human adjustment. For college students, a sense of university belonging at the start of the academic year is an important predictor of persistence and adjustment of college students. This study investigated the mediation model in which career and academic self‐efficacies predicted adjustment (depression and life satisfaction) with the mediation of a sense of belongingness. A total of 1,691 freshmen completed the survey packet. The results of the path model showed that school belonging mediated the relationship between self‐efficacies and adjustment. Specifically, the full mediation was found between academic self‐efficacy and life satisfaction as well as between career self‐efficacy and depression. However, the direct paths between academic self‐efficacy and depression and between career self‐efficacy and life satisfaction also existed.
144
THE INFLUENCE OF EFFORT–REWARD IMBALANCE ON ACADEMIC BURNOUT:
LATENT GROWTH CURVE MODEL APPROACH
Keunhwa Kim, Minyoung Lee, Boyoung Kim
Korea University
The purpose of this study is to examine within‐individual change in effort and reward imbalance over time and if this change relates to their academic burnout change. The study utilizes longitudinal data from middle school students in Seoul. They completed the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Student Survey (MBI‐SS; Shin et al., 2011) each subsequent 3 semesters. Using latent growth modeling analyses, the result found statistically significant within‐individual change in the relationship between ERI ratio and academic burnout over time. That is, latent intercept and slope factors for ERI ratio was significantly related to the latent intercept and slope for academic burnout respectively. Taken together, these results highlight the influence of longitudinal change of ERI ratio and academic burnout. (122 words)
Keywords: effort–reward imbalance, academic burnout, latent growth modeling analyses
145
LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS ON BURNOUT IN MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL KOREAN
TEACHERS
Chae Yeon Lee, Yang Min Park, Boyoung Kim
Korea University
This study examined the longitudinal relationships among three factors of burnout in the middle and high school teachers. It is important to understand the developmental process of burnout because it would facilitate early awareness of burnout, and thus raise its prevention and intervention at an early stage before burnout becomes severe. Participants were 419 middle and high school teachers who filled out Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Educator Survey (MBI‐ES) over three waves. Using Amos 7.0, Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged Modeling (ACLM) is performed. As a result, Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment significantly predicted Depersonalization over time. In addition, burnout model from ACLM provided a significantly better fitting than other theoretical models. This results are helpful to understand the process of teacher burnout which ultimately increases teacher’s personal well‐being and efficacy as professionals. In addition, it gives ideas to the school administrators and school policy makers how to prevent teacher’s burnout. (146 words)
Keywords: burnout, teacher, longitudinal analysis, Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged Modeling
146
USING STRUCTURED DEBATING METHODOLOGY TO INCREASE ADOLESCENTS
TOLERANCE
Yunita Mardiani, David Hizkia Tobing
Religious life in Indonesia hasn’t been without tension and continues to be a sensitive topic. These tensions not only manifest between religions but they are just as likely to be found amongst followers of the same religion. Radical Islamic groups support the strict implementation of Sharia and a literal interpretation of Islamic law; anyone who doesn’t subscribe to this interpretation is deemed an enemy.
Radical Islamic groups strive to increase their membership and have a particular interest in recruiting adolescents. The adolescent phase is an important period where idnividuals seek their identity and determine their future goals. This process requires a healthy and balanced approach where youth can choose from a varity of options determining what they belive to be most important. In the current Indonesian context radical Islamic values are widely dispursed so that they overcrowed the other options that should be available to youth in this critical phase. These messages need to be balanced with neutral and logical information. The research’s purpose is to see if structured debating methodology can increase the adolescents ability to think critically, allow them to empathize with the ‘other’ and encourage them to value tolerance. A qualitative and quantitative methodology are used to test this theory. The respondents are adolescents aged between 14‐18 years from pesantrens in Indonesia. The expected result is that critical thinking skills are increased and new atitudes toward religious tolerance developed among pesantren adolescents. The complete results will be present during the conference. Key words: Debating, Pesantren, adolescent, tolerance.
147
DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES OF ACADEMIC BURNOUT IN KOREAN MIDDLE
SCHOOL STUDENTS
Hyun Kyung Noh, Hyojung Shin
Korea University
This study examined the longitudinal relationships among three factors of academic burnout in Korean middle school students. Academic burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced academic efficacy. Total of 405 middle school students (TI: N=367, T2: N=382, T3: N=375) in Seoul provision of Korea participated in this study for three waves. Korean version of Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Student Survey (MBI‐SS; Shin et al., 2011) was used to measure the levels of students’ academic burnout. Using Amos 18.0, Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged Modeling (ACLM) was performed to get the longitudinal relationships among three factors of burnout. The major results revealed that paths from emotional exhaustion at T1 and T2 to cynicism at T2 and T3 were statistically significant. In addition, paths from reduced academic efficacy at T1 and T2 to cynicism at T2 and T3 were statistically significant. The implications for future research and for the prevention of burnout were discussed. (150 words) Keywords: academic burnout, Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged model (ACLM)
148
DIFFERENT FOODS, DIFFERENT COGNITIVE ABILITY: A STUDI ABOUT EFFECT OF
GLYCEMIC INDEX CAUTION TOWARD ATTENTION ABILITY
Zulfikar Ali Farizi, Fathul Lubabin Nuqul
Islamic State University Malang
In some nations have different eating patterns with other nations. There is consuming rice, sago, wheat and so on. Several studies have shown that meal consumption and types of food affect a person's cognition process. One of them is attentions. Based on Jenkins’s study (1980) is known carbohydrate itself is divided by the speed of revamped into glucose in the body is divided into two, namely carbohydrates are quickly revamped into glucose or carbohydrate and high Glycemic index carbohydrates are slowly revamped into glucose or carbohydrate low glycemic index. When a person consumes carbohydrate at a rate of speed of revamped into a different glucose certainly it will affect the brain's attention system. Attention is the ability to filter out some of the incoming stimulus of mental activity and focus on one the most important stimulus. Capability is very useful for human attention, because attention is the first gate of someone cognition processes. The research uses Crossover Experiment Design, and involves 20 graduate students as experiment subject. They are divided into 2 groups (high glycemic; rice, and low glycemic food; ubi). Subjects selected by controlling a few factor, such as, they has normal Intelligence, They has not severe disease and they are not overweight. To measure the attention ability used Attention Distraction. The results showed that the group fed high‐glycemic carbohydrates (rice), have higher attention capacity compared with the provision of low glycemic carbohydrates (ubi). These results are consistent in the treatment of crossover. Keywords: Attention, Meal, Carbohydrate, Glycemic Index
149
JEALOUSY LEVEL IN COLLEGE STUDENTS RELATIONSHIP VIEW FROM
RELATIONSHIP’S DURATION AND SELF CONFIDENCE LEVEL : STUDY IN USD
Jeanita Deli Widjaja, Titik Kristiyani
University of Gadjah Mada
The purpose of this study was to know the contribution of relationship’s duration and self confidence level for jealousy level in college students relationship. The subjects are 130 students of Sanata Dharma University who are in heterosexual relationship. Reliability coefficient for Jealousy Scale is 0,956 and Self Confidence Scale is 0,950. The result which utilized double regression analysis showed that the probability of relationship’s duration variable is 0,669 (p>0,05) and the probability of self confidence level is 0,022 (p<0,05). In conclusion, relationship’s duration is not proof significantly contributes to jealousy level, while self confidence level is proof significantly contributes to jealousy level in college students relationship. Determinant coefficients (R2 = 0,040) showed that self confidence contributes for 4,0 % toward jealousy level.
Key words : jealousy, relationship’s duration, self confidence, college students
150
LONGITUDINAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHER BURNOUT AND DEPRESSION
Hyojung Shin, Minyoung Lee
Korea University
This study investigated the longitudinal relationships between burnout and depression in teacher’s group. A survey was conducted among middle and high school teachers over three waves (Time 1: N=375, Time 2: N=146, Time 3: N=144). Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Educator Survey (MBI‐ES) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) were distributed to each participant in every half year with 3 waves in order to get longitudinal Date. Using Amos 18.0, Latent Growth Modeling (LGM) analyses revealed statistically significant within burnout change overtime and that this change in depression symptoms. Moreover Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged Modeling (ACLM) revealed causal relationship such that teacher's burnout leads to subsequent depression symptoms rather than vice versa. The result of this study suggests that paying close attention to teacher burnout is crucial in preventing their depression. (128 words)
Keywords: burnout, depression, Latent Growth Model (LGM), Autoregressive Cross‐Lagged model (ACLM)
151
SYMBOL IN GUIDED IMAGERY AND MUSIC
Hendro Prabowo, Warda Lisa, Aski Marissa, Henny Regina Salve,
Inur Darham
Gunadarma University
Transpersonal Psychotherapy is an extension of psychological studies, which involves consciousness studies, spiritual inquiries, mind‐body connection, and transformation. In this field, the method is used in various ways, including Guided Imagery and Music (GIM). In the process, someone guided to imagine the role or the problem that accompanied by relaxation music to get into a wave of unconsciousness. In addition, the subject unconsciously observed as a representation or metaphor of his/her subconscious mind. This paper studied four people who applied guided imagery and music. The demographic of the four people are all female, live in Jakarta, 26 – 32 years old and originally from Javanese, Buginese, and Sudanese. Some themes of their symbols are varied and they can mean those symbols with different meanings. Keywords: symbol, Guided Imagery and Music (GIM)
152
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON HUMOR STYLE OF TOBA BATAK
Bonar Hutapea
Driyarkara School of Philosophy
Studies of humor revealed that humor is not one‐dimensional construct, instead there are four different humor style described as affiliative, self‐enhancing, aggressive and self‐defeating. Affiliative and self‐enhancing regarded as adaptive, in contrast to aggressive and self‐defeating as maladaptive styles. Humor acts as an effective tool for not only personal problems but also social relations. It can be said that characteristics of individuals foster humor style as well as cultural background. Till date, there have been minimal studies on the Indonesian humor and less research on humor style, particularly influence of ethnicity on humor style. Individual different humor style can be accounted by their individual differences which can be attributed to their demographics characteristics and culture values. This study addressed the style of humor in Toba Batak people in Jakarta. Bataknese are renowned as perantau or inter‐provincial migrating ethnic in Indonesia, and Toba Batak is the majority tribe of them. Furthermore, this study is an attempt to reveal empirically the relationship between sex, gender, education and humor style among Toba Batak sample. Quantitative questionnaires will be used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the data will be carried out by means of SPSS 16.00 for Windows. Results, implications and limitations of this study will be discussed with reference to methodological issues and theoretical consideration in the term of possibilities for further research since this investigation should be regarded as an exploratory one. Keywords: Humor Style, Individual differences, Culture
153
JAVANESE SUCCESSFUL AGING
Diah Karmiyati
Muhammadiyah University of Malang
Successful aging is a condition of old persons that can optimize the capacity they are still possessing, so that it can be applied in their daily life. Some variables are supposed to have influence on the achievement of successful aging, namely cultural values, human strengths, and perception on social support. Purpose of this research was to obtain a successful aging model of Javanese (Solo and Malang) by including the role of cultural values, human strengths, and perception on social support. The goal of this research was to know model of successful aging of Javanese old persons who live in Solo and those who live in Malang. The benefit of this research was to improve and upgrade successful aging model existing in Developmental Psychology, particularly related to Javanese culture. This research was conducted by survey method, with a quantitative correlational design, intended to determine the contribution of cultural values, human strengths, and perception on social support on successful aging. The sampling technique used was simple random based on the prescribed criteria of research subjects (purpose random sampling). The collected data were then analyzed by using Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique, and analyzed inferentially. The findings of research showed that cultural values variable has indirect influence on successful aging, human strengths variable has direct influence on successful aging, and perception on social support variable has no influence on successful aging. Keywords : successful aging model, cultural values, human strengths, perception on social support.
154
LOCAL CONTENT OF ART EXPRESSION IN TRANSPERSONAL PSYCHOTHERAPY
Hendro Prabowo, Aski Marissa
Gunadarma University
Transpersonal Psychotherapy uses a various kind of meditation as a therapeutic technique. Through meditation, the client can observe the contents of his mental feeling of thoughts and negative emotions. This paper is a case study on a foreign client (Pilipino) who live in Yogyakarta, Indonesia (RH). Previously, RH counseled in Italy and reported as a victim of sexual abuse in childhood. She had major symptoms such as emotional abandonment and long term menstrual bleeding. After counseling in Indonesia, she found a several sub ‐ personalities, and applied a several kind of meditation (music therapy, guided imagery and music, letting go, and mindfulness). During therapy, as she prefer to music therapy, she could observe some symbolic and metaphoric of her traumas. Afterwards, she painted her mental contents into two stages. First, she prefers painted butterflies flying to describe as a release of the problems she suppressed. Second, she painted a metaphoric of her body and mind healing. At this stage, many local contents coloring themes of his paintings, such as: events in the month of Ramadan and jamu, traditional herbal medicine.
155
SOCIAL PHYSIQUE ANXIETY, SELF‐ESTEEM, AND BODY IMAGE ON GYMNASTIC
USER MALE
Wahyu Rahardjo, FX. Yoseptian Lee
Gunadarma University
Having a good shape and healthy body is a thing that many people, especially men wanted. They do many things to gain that good body. Doing some sports and going to gymnastic is some of them. Men usually feeling worried about what people thought and said about his body shape and creating social physique anxiety and influence his self‐esteem, also body image. The aim of this study is to know the contribution of social physique anxiety and self‐esteem to body image in gymnastic user men. Around 36 men who do sports in gymnastic become the participants of this research. The result shows negative correlation between social physique anxiety and self‐esteem, and positive correlation between self‐esteem and body image. However, there is no correlation between social physique anxiety and body image, respectively. The contribution of social physique anxiety to self‐esteem are around 10.9%, and self‐esteem to body image around 19.6%.
156
DETERMINANTS OF PRO‐ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIORS IN CHINA AND JAPAN–
THE ROLE OF ESTIMATION OF OTHERS’ BEHAVIORS
Kaori Ando, YumiOhbuchi
Nara Women’s University Japan
The present study explored the determinants of pro‐environmental behaviors in China and Japan. Environmental problems are becoming more serious in any
countries and environmental concern is becoming more salient. However, there are only few studies that compared pro‐environmental behaviors in China and Japan from social psychological perspectives. Our study focused on the role of estimation of others’ behaviors. The study was conducted with the students in two Japanese universities and one Chinese university. The number of valid
answers was 76 in Japan and 55 in China. The result showed that estimation of friends’ behaviors had significant effects in both Japan and China, but the
estimation of behaviors in the community had effects only in China. Chinese respondents may be more sensitive to the norm of the community because
identification with the community was higher.
157
Ritual and Culture as a Media to Find Balinese Adolescents Self‐Identity :
Indigenous Psychology Approach
Ni Nyoman Wiranti, I A G Sri Evitasari, A A S Weni Kumala Ratih
Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
University of Udayana
Adolescence is critical period because it’s a period that leads to developed individual identity. Bali has a ritual and culture that has been inherited from generation to generation. In addition as Balinese life, ritual and culture as well as efforts to strengthen their identity. This is fully of local wisdom aspect. Balinese adolescent were in ambiguity between traditional Balinese which is full of local wisdom and modernization as the impact of tourism and global trends. It is interesting to understand how dynamics Balinese adolescent to finding self‐identity and their efforts to preserve their Balinese identity in this global era. This research is aimed to explore any ritual and culture in Bali that used in adolescence period to build and strengthen their self‐identity. This research is qualitative research with collected data method and also uses open‐ended questionnaire and in‐depth interview to 150 senior high school student. Data analysis of this research is used categorization response and thematic coding. The result of this research is proof that Balinese teenagers can build and strengthen their self‐identity with culture and ritual, such as Raja Sewala, Mepandes, and Otonan. The dynamics of formation self‐identity Balinese adolescent engaging culture context will be explained much deeper later. Keywords: Bali, Indigenous, Adolescent and Identity
158
SELF ESTEEM, ASSERTIVITY, COPING STRATEGY WITH DEPRESSION
IN JAVANESE AND MADURESE TEENAGERS
Diana Rahmasari, Sofia Retnowati
University State of Surabaya
The research was aimed to find out: 1. The correlation between self‐esteem, assertivity and coping strategy with depression in Madurese and Javanese teenagers. 2. There is a difference of depression between Madurese and Javanese teenagers. The subjects of the study are 228 Madurese and Javanese teenagers. They are first grade students of SMAN 1 Godean Yogyakarta in Central Java and SMAN 1 Pamekasan in Madura. The purposive sampling technique is used as the data technique collection in which each subject of the study is given four kinds of scale. They are BDI (Back Depression Inventory), self‐esteem scale, assertivity scale, and problem‐solving strategy scale. The data analysis used double regression and anacova. The result of this research suggest that : (1) there is correlation between self‐esteem, assertivity and coping strategy with depression in Javanese and Madurese teenagers(R = 0.551 and p = 0.000). (2) there are differences grade of depression between Javanese and Madurese teenagers (depression of Javanese Mean = 16.25, depression of Maduesea Mean = 19.44). Total contribution of self‐esteem, assertivity and coping strategy to depression is 30,4 %, and the best contribute is self esteem. It is 26.4%. Another result is about 61,5 % depression in Javanese teenagers and dan 81,6 % depression madurese teenagers i’ts caused from another factors besides Self Esteem, Assertivity, Coping Strategy. Key words : Self Esteem, Assertivity, Coping Strategy, Depression, Javanese and Madurese Teenagers.
159
FESTIVALS AS UNIQUE TRADITIONS TO PROMOTE COLLECTIVE EFFICACY AS A
WAY FOR COMMUNITY ENABLEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF FESTIVITIES IN
PONTIANAK, SINGKAWANG, AND CIREBON
Tji Beng Jap, Sri Tiatri, Bernard Amadeus Jaya
Tarumanagara University
Festivals such as Spring and Lantern Festival are Chinese Indonesians’ main celebrations of traditional cultural events. Over the years, influences from local culture have merged into the festivities to form the current unique ways of celebrations. Local residents also participated enthusiastically in these annual events. This qualitative study explored the involvement of the peoples at two events, namely the Spring Festival in Pontianak and Singkawang, West Borneo, and the Lantern Festival in Cirebon, West Java. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and field observations during the festivities. The finding showed community engagement and participation yields a formation of collective efficacy (Bandura et al, 2011, Mancini et al. 2007) amongst the Chinese Indonesians and local residents mainly through social learning. Consequently, it creates condusive environment through a voluntary community enablement that promotes healthy relationship in human development. Keywords: Festival, collective efficacy, voluntary community enablement
160
A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INDEGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY : BALINESE
ADOLESCENCES’ ORIENTATION TOWARD CATUR WANGSA IN RELATION WITH
SELF‐ESTEEM IN SOCIAL INTERACTION
Ni Putu Adelia Kesumaningsari, Agustini Kurnia, Christian Natalia
Yohanes K. Herdiyanto, Supriyadi
University of Udayana
In Balinese culture, there is a term of catur wangsa which is used to describe the four groups in Balinese society, in which each group has their own identity that is passed down from generation to generation (Marutawan, 2005). Catur wangsa, which is also known as caste, reflects the status level of an individual. In fact, this status level may become one of the factors contributing to self‐concept. Burns (1993) stated that self‐concept is formed from two aspects: affective and cognitive. The affective component emphasizes on how person evaluate and value themselves which in turn will form their self‐esteem. In Bali, self‐esteem is a major factor determining adolescent happiness (Herdiyanto and Supriyadi, 2010). Based on the information above, we are interested to find out the orientation of Balinese adolescences towards catur wangsa in relation with self‐esteem in their social interaction. A total of 100 students from Udayana University Bali were asked to complete open‐endeed questionnaires. This paper based on Indegenous Psychology study that examine the phenomenon based on local cultural view. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analytic approach by categorizing the responses collected. The expected result is catur wangsa can explain the existence of Balinese adolescences’ self‐esteem in their social relationship. Key words : Balinese adolescences, catur wangsa, self‐esteem, social interaction
161
PRESERVING CULTURAL IDENTITY:
THE BORACAY ATI’S ATTAINMENT OF COLLECTIVE WELL‐BEING
THROUGH THEIR ADAPTATION TO THEIR ISLAND‐RESORT HOME
Hannah Misha Morillo
University of the Philippines‐Diliman
Boracay is the Philippines’ foremost island‐resort destination; however, the island’s fame does not reflect the faint recognition that is given to the indigenous group, the Ati, which has inhabited it for generations. Aside from heeding to the challenges brought on by tourism, their foremost problem is peacefully settling in the ancestral domain that was taken from them. This effort has been driving the group to carry this burden collectively. Through the triangulation of indigenous psychology methods and application of its techniques, this empirical undertaking of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology) aims to give a better understanding of the worldview of this people. Discursive analysis of these concepts and themes also lend a hand to the validation of data. Results suggest that the group derives its resilience to face present and impending threats, and draw the ginhawa (or well‐being) of the community through preserving their identities by adhering to their being Ati.
162
MULTILAYER PERCEIVED FUTURE OF SURVIVOR: PERSONAL‐FAMILY‐
COMMUNITY
Nindyah Rengganis
Institute for Community Behavioral Change (ICBC)
The challange of life in Indonesia which have many disaster was long life preparedness for villagers which lived in disaster‐prone area. After 2006 Earthquake in Bantul, even risk of disaster already promoted, villagers back to normal life and activity. This research was embedded with long‐term research about coping towards the 2006 earthquake in Bantul. Through participatory research, this research aim was to understand future concept based on villagers’ perspective. Result indicated that future taking account and perceived as multilayer perspective. There were personal, family and community future. This multilayer of perceived concept was important as basic understanding before giving preparedness program to villagers. Discussion how was spiritual aspects contributed on structured future of villagers will be elaborated.
163
EXAMINING THE TIMING OF IMPORTANT LIFE EVENTS: A CROSS‐CULTURAL
STUDY IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
Gabriella Wongso, Emmanuela Arryna Budiman, Shamsul Haque
Monash University
Groups of Malaysian and Indonesian young adults estimated ages at which time a prototypical infant in their respective cultures would experience the ten most important events during his/her typical life course. The respondents also rated the proposed events for importance and emotional valence on 5‐point Likert‐type scales. On the basis of ratings for emotion, events were separated in to two clusters: positive and negative. The average proposed ages for positive and negative events were then calculated. The results revealed both groups to estimate ages for positive events generally corresponding with the typical period of reminiscence bump (10‐30 years). The average estimated ages for negative events in both countries were, however, observed to fall outside of the reminiscence bump period. The findings generally suggest that the timing for positive events is determined by the cultural life script, which is less so for negative events.
164
MATERIALISM, CULTURAL VALUES ORIENTATION, AND LIFE SATISFACTION OF
INTERNAL MIGRANTS: AN INVESTIGATION AMONG TOBA BATAK IN JAKARTA
Bonar Hutapea
Driyarkara School of Philosophy
Studying life satisfaction has become one of the dominant interests in the field of positive psychology. Various studies have found that it appears to be extremely important for understanding positive side of an individual personal experience. Despite the fruitful of researches on its antecedents and consequences, more research is needed to understand the internal forces as antecedents that lead to determine or to predict the level of this overall evaluation of one’s life. Internal motives which disclosed in this study were materialism and cultural values. Till date, numerous studies revealed materialism relates negatively with life satisfaction, happiness, or well‐being, but little is known about and has not been explored the influence of culture values on that relation. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between materialism and life satisfaction in the context of culture and urban living, particularly internal migrants. The research questions of this study are stated as follows: 1) What are the Toba Batak migrants’ materialism and life satisfaction level?; 2) Do their materialism and life satisfaction differ according to their gender?; 3) Do the Toba Batak materialism and cultural values orientation predict their life satisfaction?; 4) Whether cultural values orientation moderate the influence of materialism on their life satisfaction? Toba Batak people who met the inclusion criterions completed a set of questionnaires for materialistic tendency scale, cultural values orientation scale, life satisfaction scale, and demographic questions. Statistical analysis of the data will be carried out by means of SPSS 16.00 for Windows. Results and limitations of this study will be discussed in the light of indigenous psychology and urban living.
Keywords: Life satisfaction, Materialism, Culture values orientation
165
WHAT I STILL REMEMBER ABOUT EATHQUAKE: STORIES FROM YOGYAKARTA
2006 EARTHQUAKE YOUTH SURVIVORS
Julia Suleeman
Universitas Indonesia
Children and teenagers who experience both natural disaster and loosing the lives of their significant figures especially parents would undergo physiological, psychological and social reactions that could last long. There is also some indication that children and teenagers who cannot accept the death of their loved ones would experience delayed grieving which makes them even more difficult to recover (Ehrenreich, 2001; Weiss in Arbuckle & de Vries, 1995). This study focuses on what teenagers still remember two years after a tremendous event occured in their lives: the Yogyakarta May 2006 earthquake which caused death to some of their loved ones. The data collection method is open‐ended questionnaire, and altogether 28 junior and 38 senior high school students participated in this study. Since the cultural context is Javanese, it is expected that some understandings in how cultural values and norms facilitate and/or inhibite the psychological recovery of the survivors are gained.
166
FEELING OF EARTHQUAKE SURVIVORS TOWARDS FUTURE
Tiara R. Widiastuti
University of Gadjah Mada
This study embedded in a research on long term coping following the 2006 earthquake in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Earthquake caused strong emotional reaction toward its event and effects. Its characteristics which were long‐term and uncertain made earthquake also had impact on the way survivors perceived their future. This study explored emotion coloring perceived future of earthquake survivors. Qualitative research method was applied to address the research aim. Results indicated that there were negative feelings regarding possibility of earthquake in the future. During presentation, the dynamic of feelings related with future earthquake and its impact on daily life would be discussed.
167
The relationship of career decision making styles, occupational engagement,
and career maturity
Seong Byeori, Mina Jung, Jeung Hae Eum, Eunjoo Yang
Department of Psychology, Korea University
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of career decision making styles and occupational engagement on career attitude maturity and to examine the mediating effect of occupational engagement on the relation between career decision making styles and career maturity. A total of 348 college seniors and juniors completed the measures of ACDM‐Decision Making Style, Occupational Engagement Scale‐Students, Career Attitude Maturity Scale. The results showed that occupational engagement mediated the relationship between career decision making styles and career maturity. Specifically, occupational engagement partially mediated the relationship between the rational decision making style and career attitude maturity and between the dependent decision making style and career maturity. However, the relationship between the intuitive decision making style and career maturity was fully mediated by occupational engagement.
168
THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAREER‐RELATED PLANNED HAPPENSTANCE SCALE
Bo Hyun Lee, Boram Kim, Sunny chang, Sun Hwa Jung
Korea University
The purpose of this research is to develop the Career‐related Planned Happenstance Scale (CPHS) for exploring the effect of happenstance in career development. The CPHS was based on ‘Planned Happenstance Theory (Krumboltz, 1996)’ which consists of five factors such as ‘Curiosity, Persistence, Flexibility, Optimism, and Risk‐taking’. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed with recruited 300 college students. The results confirmed that five‐factor structure (i.e., Curiosity, Persistence, Flexibility, Optimism, and Risk‐taking) was validated. The internal consistency and test‐retest reliability coefficients were also relatively high. Convergent validity was demonstrated from the moderate positive relationships with career decision self‐efficacy and the negative relationship with the career stress. Practical implications in career counseling were discussed.
169
Concept Mapping Analysis of Happenstance in Career Development
Sang Min Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Sang Soo Shin, Yu Ran Seo, Jong Seon Han, Bo
Young Oh, Jin Hui Park
Korea University
The importance of happenstance has been discussed continuously in career development research (Bandura, 1982; Pryor and Bright, 2003; Krumboltz, 2009). However, the meaning of happenstance in career development is not scientifically and operationally defined. To explore how people perceive the meaning of happenstance in their career development, the concept mapping analysis was conducted. Furthermore, its magnitude of influence on their career development was examined. Twenty‐five college students participated in the interview. First, the focus question was given to the participants and they made statements as an answer. Next, researchers analyzed the interview protocols and induced their statements. Finally, researchers asked again participants to categorize their statements. The coded data was analyzed through multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical cluster analysis. Through these steps of concept mapping analysis, dimensions and clusters of happenstance occurring in career development were identified. The results of this study would contribute to develop the meaning of happenstance.
170
IMPORTANCE OF HIGH EXPLORATION AND COMMITMENT IN EGO IDENTITY AS
AN ANTECEDENT OF CAREER PREPARATION BEHAVIOR
Seung‐Min Lee, Seung‐Min Lee, Sul‐A Yook, Ji Young Lee, Geunyoung Kim,
Jaewon Yang
Korea University
Ego identity development plays a crucial role in human development. Similar to ego identity, vocational identity is a significant factor in career development. The construct of vocational identity is closely related to career commitment, predicting positive career behaviors such as career preparation behaviors (CPB). However, the role of ego and vocational identities on CPB has not been well documented. This study examined the role of ego identity in career development by investigating a path model with a total of 267 undergraduates by genders. A path model posited ego identity dimensions (achieved, foreclosure, moratorium,
diffused) would predict CPB mediated by career commitment. The path models of both genders indicated that Diffused and Moratorium predicted the lower level of CPB mediated by the decreased level of career commitment. CPB was directly predicted by Achieved and Foreclosure for females, but only by Achieved for males.
171
Individual’s Work Value in Career Development
Jung Sun Hwa, Bo Young Choi, Boram Kim, Sunny Chang, Bohyun Lee
Korea University
This study examined the mediation effect of career decision self‐efficacy in the relationship between work values and career decision. Three hundred and eight college students were recruited in the survey, which measured the participants’ intrinsic/extrinsic work values of self and significant others, career decision self efficacy, and career decision. The result revealed that significant others’ intrinsic work values positively influence to students’ intrinsic work values whereas significant others’ extrinsic work values positively influence to students’ extrinsic work values. Next, students with intrinsic work values have higher levels on their career decision through increasing their career decision‐making self‐efficacy. On the other hand, students’ extrinsic work values directly influence lowering levels of career decision. Based on the results, the roles of work value and career decision self efficacy were discussed in career counseling.
172
THE INTERACTION EFFECT BETWEEN ANXIETY AND RATIONAL DECISION
MAKING STYLE ON CAREER EXPLORATION BEHAVIORS
Kim SungYeon, GeumJae Joo, Mina Jung, Eunjoo Yang
Korea University
Career exploration is not only cognitive but also affective processes. Although literature on career decision making has documented the important role of anxiety, only cognitive factors such as the rational decision making style have been extensively studied for career exploration behaviors. This study investigated the roles of the rational decision making style and anxiety on career exploration behaviors. This study investigated how anxiety functioned in relationship of rational decision making and career exploration behaviors with 418 Korean colleague students. Results showed the moderating effect of anxiety in the relationship between the rational decision making style and career exploration behaviors. When their level of rational decision making was low, individuals with greater anxiety engaged in more career exploration behaviors than those with less anxiety. This finding refutes previous results that greater anxiety inhibits career exploration.
173
SEEKING HELP IN CAREER COUNSELING
Suk Kyung Nam, Eunjoo Yang, Ph.D, Geum Jae Joo
Korea University
Career counseling was shown to be an effective method of treatment in order to solve college students’ career difficulties and help their career development. Many of the college students who need career counseling do not use it even though they are struggling with determining their work identity and future career paths. Among factors which contribute to college students’ decision to seek help, attitudes toward career counseling are identified as an important factor. Therefore this study investigates the relationships among career variables (i.e., career barriers, career exploration), self‐variables (i.e., self‐efficacy, expectation of career counseling) and attitudes toward seeking career counseling using the path analysis. The implications of the results suggest that counselors should be more proactive in reducing the stigma toward counseling and utilizing effective strategies to promote career counseling. Furthermore, it would enable college students to make independent educational and vocational decisions through gaining career and self‐awareness.
174
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPASSIONATE LOVE AND AUTHENTICITY
Seydi Ahmet SATICI, Ahmet AKIN, Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ, Seda YILMAZ
Anadolu University
In this research, investigators aim to examine the relationships between compassionate love and authenticity. The sample of study consists of 307 university students from Sakarya University, Turkey. Of the participants 168 (55%) were female and 139 (45%) were male. The Compassionate Love Scale (Sprecher, & Fehr, 2005) and the Authenticity Scale (Wood, Linley, Maltby, Baliousis, & Joseph, 2008) were used as measures. In this study relationships between compassionate love and authenticity were examined using correlation analysis. The data were analyzed by Spss 15.0. The findings indicated that compassionate love correlated positively self‐alienation (r=.20, p<.01) and accepting external influence (r=.16, p<.01), and correlated negatively with authentic living (r=‐.29, p<.01).
175
Achievement Support for Indonesian High School Student:
An Indigenous Psychological Analysis
Dyah Hayuningtyas, Niken Rarasati, Insan Rekso Adiwibowo,
Moh. Abdul Hakim
University of Gadjah Mada
This study aims to explore what kind of achievement support are needed by Indonesian high school student. The highlight of this study is to understand what kind of supports needed for their achievement. In this study, achievement support consist of affection support, spiritual support, material support, and guidance support. Participants of this study are 473 high school students aged between 16‐18 years old. Data was collected through open‐ended questionnaires which uses indigenous psychology approach. It was then analyzed by mixed‐method’s sequential exploratory analysis using thematic qualitative analysis and quantitative testing performed by descriptive analysis. The result shows that there is an equivalency between the type of support needed by Indonesians high school students and what has been received. Their basic motivation for achieving their self‐fulfillment and goal achievement is affection support given by their significant others. This research shows that the affection support becomes the center of support instead of the other factors such as spiritual support, material support, and guidance support. Keyword : achievement support, affection support, self‐fulfillment, goal achievement
176
FAMILY AS A SOURCE OF HAPPINESS AND ACHIEVEMENT:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY
Moordiningsih
Gadjah Mada University
Happiness is the affection felt by humans. Sometimes happiness can not be defined in words but can be felt strongly. Happiness can also be derived from a human point of view of representing the world. This point of view can be influenced by education and experience that comes from the cultural environment where adolescents grow up and develop. In Indonesia, especially young people on the island of Java, much influenced by Javanese culture and Islamic religion which is majority embraced by the Java community. Research carried out by providing an open ended questionnaire to 259 students aged adolescents who live in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were analyzed by categorizing the themes of the data obtained from the open ended questionnaire. The results showed that the important events that make teenagers happy is when they gather with family and hanging out with friends. When they reach certain goals such as achievement or graduate school exams and won the competition is also a happy event because teens can make parents feel proud of them.Together with family make the teens feel happy, close, and loved by the family. The success achieved can make teens feel happy because they can give pride to their parents. Difficulties that are commonly experienced by teenagers is the difficulty in doing in school tasks, when they have to reach certain targets, the difficulty of managing themselves, difficulties in social interaction and also financial difficulties. Families, especially parents is the figure who most responsible for providing support, motivation and advice to teenagers. Support, motivation, advice and prayer was given by parents is also an important source of happiness and achievement.
177
TRAINING OF IDENTIFICATION OF EARLY SPECIAL NEED CHILDREN AS AN
ALTERNATIVE TO ENHANCE KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS PROFESSIONALISM
Ira Darmawanti, Retno Suminar, M.M.W Tairas
University State of Surabaya
The study was designed to enhance professionalism for Kindergarten ‘s teachers by identifying special need in early childhood. By having a knowledge for each characteristic of children with special need earlier, might decrease some problems related to handling the students inappropriately, which could have negative impacts for students. An early assessment by interviewing and giving questionnaire indicated that 14 of 17 teachers in Ikatan Guru Raudlathul Atfal (IGRA) difficult to identify children with special need. Therefore, an intervention by training of identifying children with special need was delivered to teachers’ in IGRA. The result showed that after giving an intervention, there was increasing 10 points from the total score. It means the teachers had more knowledge in identifying children with special need. Key words : Children with Special Need
178
THE EFFECT OF POSITIVE THINKING TRAINING TO ACADEMIC SELF‐EFFICACY AT
COLLEGE STUDENT
Aswendo Dwitantyanov
University of Gadjah Mada
Introduction: Academic self‐efficacy is individual conviction to be up against academic duty assignment accords that expected. Academic self‐efficacy motivated student for ductile and persistent in finalizing college task, up to aim, and settles emerging interference (Bandura, 1997, p. 117). Positive thinking helps college student to face situations that evoke stress in study and makes college student to focus on the positive things. Therefore, positive thinking often used to determinant of high in academic self‐efficacy, because it’s making college student focus successful possibility in academic while stress gristle situation (Kivimaki, et al, 2005, p. 413). Methodology: This research intent to test effect of positive thinking training to step up academic self‐efficacy at college student. This research is done on 21 first year college student undergraduate, they have never been followed positive thinking training thinks before all, and they has academic self‐efficacy low or moderate category. They agglomerated in two groups, which is experiment group and control group. Hypothesis that proposed in this research which is there is difference of academic self‐efficacy at experiment and control groups. This research used Randomized Pretest‐Posttest Control Group Design. Positive thinking training is given up to three meeting. Data collecting is done by use of observation method, interview, and academic self‐efficacy scale for college student. Results: Hypothesis testing result by use of Independent Sample t‐test yields value of p (0,000) < 0,05. It points out that there is significantly difference of academic self‐efficacy score between experiment and control groups after treatment. Thus, positive thinking can be one of the ways to increase academic self‐efficacy at college student.
179
HUMOR AS PSYCHOTHERAPY’S CHOICE
IN AN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL (PESANTREN)
Yusuf Ratu Agung
Islamic State University Malang
Humor is more penetrating when it brings to light a real connection between two things normally regarded with quite different attitudes, or when it forces on us a complete reversal of values. As a boarding school, an Islamic boarding school (pesantren) had they own world, it’s not same with the world out of them. Pesantren was a subculture that had an identity wich described a live reality and many meaning miniatures. Pesantren ’s student (santri) had variants problem. Not just like an ordinary student, they had more problem such us; learning problem, personality problem and social problem with an uniqe characteristic. For many santri humor is an option as a problem solving and a catharsis choice. Humor took a role for describing something taboo or seriously thing in a simple way without meaning reduction. So with this characteristic santri’s humor different with humor in general.
Keywords : humor, santri, pesantren, psychotherapy.
180
TO ‘EXIST’ IS TO GET ONLINE: THE IDENTITY OF INDONESIAN ADOLESCENTS OF
SOCIAL NETWORKS GENERATION
Yopina G. Pertiwi, Avin Fadilla Helmi, Fauzan Heru Santhoso
University of Gadjah Mada
In 2010, Indonesia has been noted as the fifth country with the most internet users in the world. A survey by TNS and Yahoo in 2009 showed that the most internet users in Indonesia were adolescent years of 15 – 19. This study aimed to explore the influence of internet usage on the Indonesian adolescents’ identity. Fifty two high school students in Yogyakarta age of 15 – 17 years participated in FGD to investigate the impact of internet usage on the adolescents’ identity. Result showed that social networks sites have been the most popular among the Indonesian adolescents and to be the most influential for them. Findings suggested that the Indonesian adolescents found it is important to be ‘exist’ (the term used in Indonesian slang word to explain popularity) among themselves in this modern era. This has been influencing the way they look at themselves and others as adolescents. The role of the collectivistic cultural context and the dynamic feature of the culture will be discussed in this paper.
181
IMPLEMENTATION GROUP COUNSELING WITH PEER GROUP TECHNIQUES TO
IMPROVE INTERPERSONAL COMPETENCY IN ORPHANAGE TEENAGERS
Umi Izzati
University State of Surabaya
This research was conducted on the basis of the existence of phenomena that occur in the field that indicates the existence of attitudes and behaviors that lead to a lack of the ability of teens in interpersonal competency in the orphanage environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of group counseling with peer group techniques to improve the ability of teens in interpersonal competency. This type of research used in this research is experimental research and design of the study was the Pre Experimental Design with the use of One Group Pre‐test and Post‐test. The population in this study were young women who lived in an orphanage environment Khoiriyah Hasyim Surabaya. There are 40 girls. Methods of data analysis was used is t‐test. The result is t = ‐23,081, p = 0,000 (p<0,05). This study proofed that the guidance service groups with peer group technique can improve the ability of teenagers interpersonal competency at the Orphanage Khoiriyah Hashim Surabaya.
Key words : Group counseling with peer group techniques, Interpersonal Competency, Teenagers.
182
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SCHOOL WELL‐BEING SCALE FOR TERTIARY STUDENTS
Prabu Mahaputra Adhipradana Sartono, Julia Suleeman
University of Indonesia
School well‐being include factors that enable individuals to fulfill their needs in an academic setting (Konu and Rimpela, 2002) and have four dimensions: having, loving, being, and health. It is often studied among elementary and high school students, but is seldom among tertiary students. This study explores about the possibility of using school well‐being scale to undergraduate psychology students at Universitas Indonesia. The scale is adapted from the original scale from Konu (2002) and has 51 items. Altogether 490 psychology undergraduate students served as participants representing the reguler, international, or extention programs. The international program is a dual degree program, while the extention program is reserved for those having graduated at least three years before they could enroll as psychology students. The results from the measurement are interpreted in terms of the type of educational program the students engage in, and the length of years they have been undergraduate students.
183
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPATHY ABILITY AND TENDENCY OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
Mistety Oktaviana, Djuwarijah
Gajah Mada University
The goal of this research was to tested the relationship between empathy ability and tendency of juvenile deliquency. Hypothesis that submitted in this research was there’s a negative relationship between empathy ability and tendency of juvenile deliquency. More empathy ability that subjects had, means less tendency of juvenile deliquency that subjects had. It also the opposite, less empathy ability that subjects had, means more tendency of juvenile deliquency that subjects had. Subjects that used in this research are 123 students in 10th and 11th grade of SMA Negeri 9 Yogyakarta with the percentage was 43.1% of male and 56.9% of female. The range of subjects’s age was 14‐17 years old. The data collecting methods was using two types of scale, the scale of empathy ability and the scale of juvenile delinquency tendencies. The writer developed the scale of empathy ability with modify the scale by Aryani (2007) based on aspects of empathy by Davis (Lerner, Adair, Plumb, Rhatigan, & Orsillo, 2007), which covers aspects of perspective taking, fantasy, emphatic concern, and personal distress which consists of 37 aitem. Tendency of juvenile delinquency developed by the researcher based on juvenile delinquency’s aspects by Jensen (Sarwono, 2008), which includes behaviors that cause physical casualties, behavior that cause the material victim, which violated state behavior, and behavior that does not cause the victim to other parties but rather to harm yourself, which consists of 44 aitem. The method of data analysis conducted in this study was using the Pearson’s Product Moment with the help of SPSS 15 for Windows. The results of tested the relationship between empathy ability and tendency of juvenile deliquency indicates that empathy ability associated with high and low propensity tendency of juvenile delinquency (R = ‐0.454 with p = 0.000 (p<0.05) the hypothesis accepted). The empathy ability has effectively contributed to tendency of juvenile delinquency for 20.6%. Keywords : juvenile delinquency, empathy ability.
184
THE MATURE PERSONALITY OF EARLY ADULTS INDIGO
Ima Santika Jayati, M. A. Subandi
Gadjah Mada University
Indigo is the one who displays a new unusual set of psychological attributes, and shows a pattern of behavior generally undocumented before. The term of indigo has indicated the life color that shows the third chakra represents an intuition and a spiritual ability. Special characteristics of indigo may lead some troubles. Many indigo adults confessed that their school period is the difficult moment for social adjustment process. This research aims to explore the mature personality of early adults indigo. Qualitative method was used, specifically with case study. The data collecting was done by interviewing and observing two subjects, also involved three significant others. The result shows that mature personality formed when one can identify her/his self as indigo, followed by maintaining a good self‐acceptance. Then it leads them to the larger sense of self, the feeling to be related with people around or the life outside them. keywords: indigo, special characteristics, mature personality, early adults
185
EMOTIONS AS MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MOTIVATIONAL BELIEFS
AND ACHIEVEMENT IN MATH: A STUDY WITH SUNDANEESE SAMPLE
Surya Cahyadi
University of Padjajaran
Emotions are important for students’ learning and achievement (Pekrun, 2006). This article reports on the study of discrete emotions (anger, anxiety, boredom, hopelessness, shame, enjoyment, and pride) as mediator of the relations between motivational beliefs (task value, mastery and performance goals, and self‐efficacy) and achievement in Math. A sample of Sundaneese high school students (N= 197; 70 male and 127 female; age 15‐18; grade 10 and 11) are involved in this study. In multiple regression analysis, motivational beliefs were shown to predict emotions and six of seven emotions (anger, anxiety, boredom, hopelessness, shame, and enjoyment) were documented as mediators of the relations between motivational beliefs and math achievement. According to this finding, both motivational beliefs and students’ emotions are
186
JAVANESE STUDENT’S FUTURE ORIENTATION AND SUPPORT FOR IT’S EFFORT:
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Rarasati Niken, Moh. Abdul Hakim
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aim of this study is to explore future life orientation and support that they needed to accomplish it. A total of 258 participants are high school students who live in Yogyakarta and claimed that they are from Java ethnic. The age of the sample ranges from 14 to 18 years old. Participants were asked about their future aspiration, their reason of choosing them as important goals in their life, and support that they need to accomplished their goals using open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). The responses were categorized through content analysis into four main categories. They are: (1) Self Fulfillment (72.1%) (2) Parents and Family (16.7%) (3) Altruism (8.1%) (4) Social and Economy Status (3.1%). Meanwhile, the categories for support that they needed are shown as follows: (1) Affection Support (64.7%) (2) Spiritual support (17.4%) (3) Material Support (10.9%) (4) Guidance Support (7.0%). From the cross tabulation it found that affection support always get the highest number in every future orientation categories. It can be concluded that although Javanese adolescents have different future orientation, they basically need affection support. Keywords: future orientation, affection support, indigenous psychology.
187
MATHEMATICS GIFTED AND THEIR LEARNING STYLES
Supra Wimbarti
Universitas Gadjah Mada
This research aims at examining the learning styles of mathematics gifted elementary students and how their parents accomodate it. Students who were gifted in mathematics identified by their mathematics championship in the province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seven student champions with IQ ranges from 120 to 150 and their parents comprised the subject of this research. Research questions were: (1) how these children perceived their own learning in mathematics, and (2) the strategies used by parents and the environment provided to support the learning. A guided interview was applied and WISC IQ scores were obtained. Result shows that these students like mathematics more than other courses, they learn mathematics early in life, each child has different style in learning mathematics and allocate one to three hours per day to do math exercises. They all like fiction and non‐fiction books. Parents provide emotional, social and facility supports. All students indicate emotional and social difficulties.
188
THE ANALYSIS OF HIERARCHICAL LINEAR MODELING OF STUDENT AND SCHOOL
EFFECTS ON INDONESIAN STUDENT SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENT
Aryani Tri Wrastari
Airlangga University
The Statistical Analysis of Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) from 346 schools and 10.761 students in PISA Assessment were used to examine student and school effects on Indonesian student scientific literacy. The unit analysis in level one was student level with students’ index of socio‐economic and cultural status (ESCS) as its variable. While the unit analysis in level two was school level with school size (SCHLSIZE), school type (SCHLTYPE), quality of schools’ physical infrastructure (SCMATBUI), and quality of schools’ educational resources (SMATEDU) were analysed as the variables. The result suggested that ESCS, SCHLSIZE and SCHLTYPE gave significant impact on student scientific achievement.
189
MAKING MEANING IN STUDENT: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE
Anita Zulkaida, Trida Cynthia, Widaningrum
University of Gunadarma
So many events that can cause a person's life becomes filled with stress, and in such conditions according to Mikulincer and Florian (1996), problem solving coping typically become less effective. The study of meaning making became more and more done because meaning making was very helpful individuals to be able to face the experience of a life full of stress (Park, 2010), namely through intraphysic cognitive processes or cognitive adaptation, in which individuals transform the meaning of the experience that is full of stress (Park, 2005). However, in Indonesia itself, not much research that raised the topic of making meaning, but a lot of situations, events or disasters which often causes individuals to severe stress. The purpose of this study was to explore information on the meaning making that is done when people experience stressful events. Data obtained from 224 students who fill the open questions about the events that make their lives become filled with stress, whether they do coping of meaning making and content of meaning making that is usually used. The data that were obtained then categorized and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results and implications of this research will be further discussed. Keywords: meaning making, students
190
MEANING OF PEACEBUILDING FOR SURVIVORS OF VIOLENCE
Maria Theresia Asti Wulandari
Atma Jaya Catholic University
Survivor’s perspective on peacebuilding plays an important role in developing peacebuilding strategy in Indonesia. This study was developed using a qualitative approach in exploring the meaning of peacebuilding for survivors of violence. A number of 12 informants involved in this study that used in‐depth interview method and participatory observation. The data obtained was used to explore peacebuilding concepts that are relevant in Indonesia, as well as accommodating survivor’s perspective. The findings of the study reveal the fact that survivors of violence interpret that to achieve sustainable peace, there must be positive and concencual peace. It means that peacebuilding is interpreted as an effort to produce truth and justice, efforts to eliminate violence in various forms, generating dialogues, interaction, and positive relationships among various parties, as well as an effort to build real reconciliation. For these reasons, peacebuilding efforts should focus on structural peacebuilding, while providing enough space for episodic peacebuilding (peacemaking). Further, factors affecting the meaning of peacebuliding are the education, personal experience of violence and injustice, violence and injustice observation, types and intensity of activities, and information obtained. Keywords: peace, peacebuilding, survivor, justice, violence, nonviolence, social representation, qualitative
191
SELF ACCEPTANCE IN PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
Agustina Laelatus, E K Dewi
Faculty of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University
A normal individual who lost partly of his/her body or malfunction of one of his/her senses will experience a big change in his/her life and it causes a negative stress. They who feel incomplete try to back to the balance condition with their deficiencies and accept their new conditions. Self‐acceptance is a complex and long process. The aims of the research are to figure out the self‐acceptance in physical disabilities, the factors ,the effort of achieving self acceptance and depictions of physical disabilities’ self‐acceptance. The phenomenology approach is applied to figure out deeply the process of achieving self acceptance in disabled people. The research data are taken from semi‐structured interviews. The additional data were got from sourched triangulation and observations. This research involve two participants which are choosed based on specific characteristic, they are who have physical disabilities, used to have normal body shape or function, but do not have mental disorder. This research tries to explain about the physical disabilities’ self‐acceptance. There are ten unit of meanings were found, showing the similarities between two objects in subjects’ efforts while achieving self‐acceptance, they are : background, traumatic event, direct impact from disabilities, indirect impact from disabilities, stressed situation, retreat, supporting factors, inhibiting factors, coping, and self‐acceptance. The findings of the research show how the important of the process and many factors which both support or inhibit the subject in achieving self acceptance
192
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS WORKING LOCALLY AND
INTERNATIONALLY: THE ULYSES SYNDROME
Dr. Alba Lucia Diaz
National University, San Diego, CA
"The lives of low‐ income newly arrived immigrant Latinos in the United States are currently compromised by serious health problems, which lack effective and lasting solutions. The efforts to determine lasting solutions to this growing crisis have been many and varied, often without continued success. Not only will this presentation incorporate the work of CHWs as health educators, and advocates, it will also employ the methodology developed by Paulo Freire. The application of Freire's theory and methodology to the photovoice used in this presentation, gives it a unique dimension of human experience and authenticity, which derives relevant and meaningful results. This presentation, with a focus on the effectiveness of CHWs in the education of newly arrived immigrants will incorporate a domestic and international perspective. The combination of Freire's Participatory methods with the CHW's model, yields a clear and instructive picture of the CHW's potency as effective agents of social education, and disease prevention in newly arrived immigrant communities, both locally and internationally. Keywords: Indigenous Linguistically and Culturally Community Health
193
STRESS AND COPING IN STUDENTS: AN EXPLORATION STUDY
Irine Kurniastuti, Andrian Liem, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aim of this study was to explore stressful life events that perceived by students and efforts that they used to cope their stress. Participant of this study were 120 High School Students in Yogyakarta (45 boys and 72 girls). In order to explore the local characteristics, this research used open‐ended questionnaire. Respondents were asked to list stressful life events they perceived in a past year. Then, they were asked to list an effort to cope their stress. The data was analyzed through open‐coding and categorization based on emerged themes and coded. The data was analyzed with simple analysis technique, descriptive statistics, particularly for the frequencies table. The analysis was based on the number of responses or answers given by the respondents (multiple responses). The results show: Firstly, the most stressful event experienced by the students are related to the school (35%) such as, examination, assignment, poor performance, organizational activity, difficult subject, or unfavorable teacher. The next stressful event is about the relationship with their boyfriend or girlfriend (13%). The other stressful events by the students are about family matter, relationship with friends, catastrophe, self‐related problems such as illness, and another personal problem. Secondly, there are two general strategies that the students do in coping with these stressful events, active coping (53.1%), and avoidance coping (40.4%). Active coping involves solving problem, seeking help, making plan in order to solve the problem, and reframing the meanings of problem. Whereas avoidance coping involves overlooking the problem, doing another activity, and venting emotion.
Keyword: stress, coping, student
194
THE MEANING OF HEALTH FOR PRAMBANAN’S (INDONESIA) YOUTHS:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Andrian Liem, Ni Komang Meta Saraswati Sabeh, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
University of Gadjah Mada
Due to the diverse life experience, demographic area, and culture, the meaning of health may have different resonances in different cultures. Surveying 561 students (age’s mean 15 y.o, 155 female and 406 male) in Prambanan district (D.I. Yogyakarta – Indonesia), we asked participant to finish the sentence “Health is …” (in Bahasa: “Sehat adalah …”). The meaning of health for them was categorized into: healthy body (45.45%), physically and mentally health (15.69%), active (10.70%), gift from God (6.6%), positive feeling (6.6%), the important thing (3.57%), economic valuable (3.57%), clean (2.67%), healthy mental (1.96%), friendly (1.25%), food (1.07%), self effort (0.53%), and drugs free (0.36%). It suggesting that the meaning of health is not only about body or mental, but it is also include about faith and social interaction. In other word, health’s meaning in Indonesia was affected by collectivistic culture as well individual culture. Health’s meaning, Indonesia’ youth, indigenous psychology
195
SELF BEYOND SELF: AN IRANIAN‐ISLAMIC ENLIGHTMENT PERSPECTIVE ON
HEALTHY PERSONALITY
Mohammad Ali Mazaheri
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Shahid Beheshti
University, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
The Islamic enlightment litriture is one of the richest and stongest, as well as the most popular and influential part of the iranian litriture, and in turn is deepley affected the Iranian’s way of thinking and living. This paper is a search for the concept of healthy personality from a psychological point of view within the general framework of Iranian‐Islamic works of enlightenment, mainly focusing on Mulavi (Rumi)’s narratives in his highly valuable book entitled “Masnavi”. It will show that the self which is formed from the beginning of life and developed gradually as part of the normative developmental process, in its trajectory of being acopmplished and actualized, has to be left out untill reaching the state of ‘selflessness,’ indicating the Gnostic pinnacle of self maturation and dissolution in God. In this light, then, the core theoretical foundations of this perspective, its meanings and concequences will be explained and discussed.
196
POVERTY, MENTAL HEALTH, AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: PRELIMINARY STUDY IN NTT
Yulius Yusak Ranimpi, M.Si.,Psi
Satya Wacana Christian University
Poverty in the province of NTT is a complex problem because the livelihood of its people is very much influenced by the harsh environmental condition and the very limited availability of natural resources. The geographical condition of the region and its hilly topography has resulted in a difficult inter‐regional transportation system. In addition, the dry climate and the infertile condition of most of the land cause NTT to be vulnerable to drought and food shortages. The deprivation of the community is reflected in the low level of incomes, the high rate of poverty, and the low level of education, health, and access to a decent standard of living. This article will highlight the condition of poverty in NTT and its relationship with mental health and domestic violence.
197
What Makes The Colleges Students Sad? : An Exploration Study
Trida Cynthia, Anita Zulkaida
University of Gunadarma
Feelings of sadness is one type of emotion in which people often do not feel like it because it makes them feel not considered prosperous. However, by knowing what factors make a sad, of course, will be able to help someone to understand the source of sadness, which will make it easier to focus in dealing with sad. This is important for students, where the more complex issues that they must be faced, it will make them more often to feel sad. Skills to understand the source of sadness so it can focus in managing grief, is expected to further increase well being. The purpose of this study was to determine (explore) the factors that make students feel sad. Participants were 168 students who fill the open questions about what makes them feel sad. From the answers the participants then performed the categorization and descriptive analysis. The results showed that five sources of most makes participants feel sad that (1) In connection with parents, among others, because it cannot spend much time with parents, thinking about what their parents have been done for them, feel disappointed and have not made their parents proud, a lack relationships between their parent (2) loss, which is due to the death of someone close and dear, broken up with girlfriend or boyfriend, lost and become a way with friends (3) negative attitudes on the self, among others, less confident, self blame, feeling unfairly treated (4) feel like a failure in life and (5) the issue about their study, among others' the values go down and not appropriate with their target achievement. Keywords: sad, students
198
GENDER EQUITY
AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS IN PESANTREN
Maya Fitria, Avin Fadilla Helmi
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora UIN Sunan KalijagaYogyakarta
This study was intended to understand how the phenomenon of gender equity and reproductive rights in pesantren using the theoretical framework of attitude. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach through case study method. Sources of data in consisted of 10 interviewed respondents, 18 FGD respondents, and survey 327 respondents. Respondents consisted of pesantren’s supervisor, teacher, manager and doctor of pesantren’s Community Health Center, and santri. Subjects tended to agree in distinguishing the male and female gender role based on what’s happening when in fact the learned religious teachings tended to be fair gender. Related to to women reproductive cases, subjects tended to be gender biased based on the interpretation of religious texts though they admitted that it was hard to be manifested in behavior, ex. related to polygamy, the beating of disobedient women, and early marriage. Subjects agreed and understood that women had different and complex anatomical processes and functions but their health service were just the same for women and men. Keywords: gender equity, reproductive rights, pesantren, attitude
199
THE AUTONOMY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WOMAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WHO
LIVE IN DORMITORY AND WOMAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WHO LIVE IN FREE
BOARDING HOUSE
Devita Septiani Nursalim, M.L. Anantasari
University of Gadjah Mada
This study aimed to examine the autonomy difference between woman university students who live in dormitory and woman university students who live in free boarding house. The hypothesis of this research that there is an autonomy difference between woman university students who live in dormitory and woman university students who live in free boarding house. Subjects in this research were of 120 students from dormitory and free boarding house. All subjects were students who have been studying in Yogyakarta and the age was around 19 up to 20 years old. Data collection instrument that used in this research was Autonomy Scale. Data were analyzed using Independent Sample t‐test and the result was 0.743 (p>0,05). These results indicated that there is no autonomy difference between university students who live in dormitory and university students who live in free boarding house.
Keywords : Autonomy, dormitory, free boarding house, woman university
students
200
THE INFLUENCE OF FRIENDS ON THE EMOTION OF INDONESIAN STUDENTS:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Putri Priyambodo, Sulasmi Sudirman,
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
University of Gadjah Mada
This study explores how one's perceptions related to their ideal self. This study used Indigenous Psychology approach using survey methods through open‐ended questionnaire instrument developed by Kim (2008). The question given to some participants were "How does Your Close Friends Influence What You Feel?" A total of 395 participants who are still in high school in Yogyakarta participated in this study. Data analysis was done by using qualitative thematic ANALISYS by categorizing respondents based on answers to the themes that emerged in the data. Of the total 395 participants, there were 5 participants who did not mention sex, so that only 390 are considered as valid data. The results of data analysis for the largest category of close friends influence their feeling is a verbal expression, said by 32.77% of female respondents while male respondents were 33.55%. The next major category is the Manifestation. Female respondents are 29.41% higher than of male respondents 21.05%. Category closeness of 6.30% of female respondents was slightly higher than the male respondents of 5.92%. The data showed that there are differences in how close friends affects feelings between men and women. Key words: Self‐Perception, Close Friends, Adolescence, Indonesia.
201
THE SIGNIFICANT PERSONS AND THEIR SUPPORT FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENT’SACHIEVEMENT: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Ni Komang Sabeh, Niken Rarasati,
Dyah Ratri Ismi Hayuningtyas, Moh. Abdul Hakim
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Support is an important factor which could effect student’s achievement. The aim of this research was to describe the person who supports students and the type of support received to achieve success. A total number of 473 senior high school students were asked to responds “Does anyone help and support you to achive success and explain your relationship with that person” and “What kind of support that you received from that person?”, an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). The data was categorized into themes based on the contents, then they were crosstabulated for descriptive analysis. The result demonstrated that the support which could help student achieve success comes from their family, friends and teacher, while the type of support received by student consists of affection support, guidance support and material support . This study also found that the family was the main resource for the student to receive affective support. These findings will be further discussed.
202
EFFORTS TO IDENTIFY BARRIERS TO STUDENTS’ ADJUSTMENT TO CAMPUS LIFE
Julia Suleeman
Universitas Indonesia
A series of study on variables associated with students’ adjustment to university life were carried out among students at the University of Indonesia. Together, the purposes of these studies were to identify how well adjusted the students were, and what factors were associated with their problems in adjusting to campus life. Baker & Siryk’ (1989) understanding of college adjustment is used to explore this phenomenon, and several instruments were used to measure students’ adjustment to campus life. The variables measured are anger, college adjustment, loneliness, coping toward loneliness, problem solving, self‐esteem, and school well‐being. These studies have important implications to help the first year students’and out‐of‐state students’ adjustment to campus life. Recommendations to pomote the students’ overall adjustment to campus life are outlined.
203
FA (DANCE): PSYCHOLOGY OF PHUTAI’S TRADITIONAL TREATMENT
Kaptiphat Kaednok, Rattana Chanthao, Marasri Sorthip
Khon Kaen University
Fon Phi Fa is a form of Phutai’s traditional treatment, being in Northeastern Thai, Thailand. It makes the patient having a morale and encouragement. It is used with traditional herbs of treatment. Beliefs of ‘Phi’ (ghosts) and supernatural are the wisdom of which effect to patient’s mind. Fon Phi Fa (Phi Fa’s dance) and music will be shared in treatment. The community as a data is Ban Phon village, Kalasin province at Northeastern of Thailand or I‐saan region. This paper is not only descripting of Phi Fa dance of Phutai’s treatment but it is also promoting the I‐saan wisdom about dancing. The finding was found that this way for treatment result to mind both patients and relative of them. Key words: traditional treatment, dancing, Phutai
204
MEDICINE IN PALM LEAVES: LOCAL CULTURE OF LAO’S TREATMENT
Aphicat Khamwiloet, Kopchai Rat‐ubon
Khon Kaen University
Lao people have knowledge of treatment by local medicine for a long time. For two‐hundred years ago, the palm leaves were recorded concerning local medicine.In the present time, Lao people have the pharmacy from reading in palm leaves. Thedata in this study are, palm leaves and interview the key informants living in Lao. Thefinding was found that it acts well both physics and emotion of the patients, particularly patients who are out of keeping with modern medicine. This article will explain the success of the treatment concerning the patient’s emotion and the palm leave’s helpfulness to record the human health in Lao society. The local medicine recorded in the palm leaves; moreover, Lao people have adapted product to be modern form for sell in their area. Keywords:palm leave,local medicine, cultural treatment
205
COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY FOR MANAGING METABOLIC SYNDROME : AN
UNIQUE APPLICATION OF TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL
George Koike
Fukuoka City Medical Association Hospital
Being healthy is very crucial, physiologically and psychologically. Recently, however, incidence of lifestyle related diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, are increasing very rapidly worldwide including Japan. This situation is resulting in worsening health condition although a lot of new drugs has been developed, indicating something important are missing to solve this problems. On the other hands, Japanese government has started the specific health checkup and health guidance system as a part of the medical reform in 2008. Since obesity is one of major causes leading to the pathogenesis of life style related diseases, metabolic syndrome is a main target of this new system. Although many challenges for weight reduction had been carried out, there are no such established strategies in a sense of health promotion. Therefore, we have developed a comprehensive strategy/program for managing metabolic syndrome with applying the psychological factor, the transtheoretical model. Then, we have carried out the specific health guidance with this program, and we successfully achieved weight reduction among subjects with metabolic syndrome followed by gaining stage of change properly.
206
WELL‐BEING ACROSS CULTURES: THE IMPACT OF CULTURAL, INDIVIDUAL, AND
JOB CHARACTERISTICS ON EMPLOYEE WELL‐BEING
Berlian Gressy Septarini
Airlangga University
The prediction of cultural (individualism‐collectivism), individual (work locus of control, positive affectivity, and negative affectivity) and job characteristics (supervisory support, autonomy, and role stress) on occupational well‐being (job satisfaction, anxiety‐comfort, and depression‐enthusiasm) were investigated in two countries. Hypotheses were tested on 458 university employees of two universities located in Indonesia and Australia using canonical correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression. Employee well‐being, indicated by the first canonical variates, centred on Depression‐Enthusiasm and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction for the Indonesia sample; whereas all well‐being variables were loaded on the first dimension for Australia. Only job characteristics and some individual factors were found to be predictive for the well‐being dimensions; nevertheless, each sample domain indicated a unique pattern. The findings provide evidences that first, well‐being has a culture‐specific dimension and, second, well‐being is related to a complex array of personality and job factors.
207
PHAYA: LOVE, HAPPINESS IN TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION
Wutthinan Suporn, Prof. Rattana Chanthao,
PhD, Nashakoon Singsena
Khon Kaen University
Phaya is traditional communication of I‐saan people located in Northeastern Thai. Young who falling in love will write ‘Phaya’ to his/her loved ones for express their feeling. In the past time, when young people will talk about their love, parents are not allowed to talk in private. So the ‘Phaya’ is used to communicate indirectly on the subject of love. Phaya may be in written or spoken language. They can use Phaya in public place because Phaya is implying the love content. It always use in few situations: playing, reaping, and traditional ceremony. Communicate the story of love by using ‘Phaya’ is the beautiful time of young people. Phaya, moreover, expresses the emotion of happiness in love of both the messenger and the audience. In the present time, Phaya is only traditional communication form because young people can talk to each other on cyber space. Key words: Phaya, traditional communication, love story.
208
YOGA FOR HAPPINESS, HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Surendra Nath Dubey,Ph.D, Asha Dubey
Department of Psychology Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University
People, in the present competitive world tried to achieve their financial goal in a very short time. In this process they feel time pressed, tired, frustrated and poor work‐life balance. Their high financial achievements seem to be necessary for happiness but are not sufficient to make them happy, healthy, and have a high quality of life despite their all efforts.Yoga can help them. Yoga is a process of self realization and accomplishment of energy and purity. It gives strength to all the systems in our body. Practice of Yoga increases Productivity, Creativity, Positivity and Quality in one’s life. The aim of researchers is to present simple Yoga techniques which people can practice to achieve happiness, health and eventually quality life.
209
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐BEING FOR THE ELDERLY MEASUREMENT
Edo Sebastian Jaya, Lathifah Hanum, Dharmayati Utoyo Lubis
University of Indonesia
Ryff (1989) viewed psychological well‐being as something more than the present of positive feeling and the absent of negative feeling. Different researches at differing populations yield different components of psychological well‐being. As a culturally bonded concept, it is inappropriate to blindly apply psychological well‐being components from America (Ryff, 1989, 1995) to Indonesians. This research aim to develop a measure of indigenous psychological well‐being for the elderly in Indonesia. The first study involved in‐depth interviews to elderly for their understanding of psychological well‐being. The result of the interviews is coded into themes. The second study construct a scale composed of the responses and dimensions from the first study. The qualitatively drawn dimensions from the first study are further examined using factor analysis. The result generates different components and understanding of psychological well‐being from Ryff (1989, 1995). This finding supports the indigenous psychology notion that different culture may have different psychological theories. Keywords: Psychological well‐being, elderly, measurement, indigenous psychology
210
MULTIGROUP ETHNIC IDENTITY MEASURE SCORES IN A SAMPLE OF
ADOLESCENTS CHINESE FROM BANDUNG WEST‐JAVA
Irene Tarakanita, Maranatha Christian University, Meilani Rohinsa
Maranatha Christian University
This study examined the structural validity of scores on the 20‐item Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM; Phinney, 1992) in a group of 120 students attending secondary school in Bandung. MEIM scores yield 2 factors (Ethnic Identity, or EI, and Other Group Orientation, or OGO) as in previous studies, with the EI factor being more viable. Factor analysis of the 14 EI items resulted in a single factor, in contrast to findings of previous studies. The authors suggested that the OGO factor may be less viable in majority groups, that the EI items may best be explained by a single factor, and that the MEIM would benefit from more scale development work. Keyword: Ethnic Identity, Other Group Orientation; Adolescents
211
THE CRITERION‐RELATED VALIDITY OF RESILIENCE SCALE: SELF‐REPORTED
CONNOR‐DAVIDSON RESILIENCE SCALE
Jeong ho Uhm, Ji Hee Lee, Sung Yoon Park
Korea University
This study was to examine that The Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC, Connor & Davidson, 2003) is a valid scale measuring resilience, the combined concept of adversity and adaptation. It was investigated that the differences of the CD‐RISC scores among the groups categorized by adversity and adaptation on the basis of Masten and Reed (2002)'s model (i.e. resilient, unchallenged/competent, maladaptive, vulnerable group). Stress, college adaptation, and resilience were examined among 260 undergraduate students in South Korea. The data was analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). As a result, the interaction between adversity and adaptation affected the subscale scores of the CD‐RISC. The CD‐RISC scores (i.e. competence,acceptance, tolerance, control, spirituality) of the resilient group were significantly higher than other groups. Thus, the CD‐RISC significantly differentiates the four groups. The implication of this study is that the CD‐RISC is identified as a valid scale which measures the resilience of Asian students. (150 words) Keywords: resilience, CD‐RISC, undergraduate
212
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL DISTANCE SCALE AND THE SCHIZOPHRENIA
STEREOTYPE QUESTIONNAIRE USING RASCH ANALYSIS
Yao‐An Tsai, Ya‐Hui Su, Shih‐Ming Li
National Chung Cheng University
Stigmatization with schizophrenia patients is a major concern in health care. Previous researches revealed contact theory and found that contact frequency was related to the social distance and the stereotype. Increasing the frequency to contact patients with mental illness may decrease the stigmatization to them. To investigate the contact theory, the social distance scale and the schizophrenia stereotype questionnaire were successfully developed in this study. Rasch (1960) analysis was performed to inspect model‐data fitting for these two scales separately. As a result, 3 and 1 items showed slightly misfit in the social distance scale and the schizophrenia stereotype questionnaire, respectively. Most of the items fitted the Rasch model fairly well and formed their single construct individually. This study provided useful tools for social and clinical application.
Keyword: social distance, stereotype, schizophrenia, measurement, Rasch.
213
An Investigation of the Relationships between Self‐Compassion and Authenticity
Seydi Ahmet SATICI, Ahmet AKIN, Ahmet Rıfat KAYİŞ
Anadolu University
This study aims to examine relationship between self‐compassion and authenticity. Participants were 276 university students (157 females and 119 males) at a mid‐size state University in Turkey. The Self‐Compassion Scale and the Authenticity Scale were used as measures. We examined using correlation relationship between self‐compassion and authenticity. There are significant correlations between dimensions of self‐compassion and authenticity. While self‐kindness correlated positively with authentic living and negatively with self‐alienation, self‐judgment has a negative correlation with authentic living and positive correlations with self‐alienation, and accepting external living. Awareness of common humanity has positive correlations with authentic living, and negative correlations with self‐alienation. Isolation associated negatively with authentic living and positively with self‐alienation, and accepting external living. Mindfulness related positively to authentic living, and negatively to self‐alienation and accepting external living. Finally, it was found that over‐identification has a positive correlation with self‐alienation, and accepting external living but negative correlations with authentic living.
214
THE SECONDORDER CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS OF INDONESIANS’ HAPPINESS: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Moh. AbdulHakim, Johana E. PrawitasariHadiyono
University of Gadjah Mada
The present study aimed to examine the construct validity of happiness based on indigenous psychological studies in Indonesia. The previous explorative studies initiated by the Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology have identified six factors which represent happiness experiences of Indonesian, namely intimate relationship, social relation, parentchild relation, financial satisfaction and job satisfaction. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) developed by Joreskog & Sorbom (1991), I will test my assumption that these six factors model of happiness has adequate statistical properties as the latent indicators of happiness. A total of 199 respondents (male = 88; female = 119) participated in the study to complete the happiness scale developed by the author. Furthermore, I conducted the data analysis in three steps. Firstly I tested the model with the data from all respondents, meanwhile, for the second and third step, I separated the data based on their relationship status (married, 71 respondents and engaged/dating, 128 respondents). The result showed that the six factors model of happiness fit both respondent groups but not general for all respondents. Thus, I conclude that the six latent factors model of happiness based on indigenous psychological studies, is statistically justified. In the discussion, I demonstrated the uniqueness of this happiness construct which represent the indigenous aspect of Indonesian mentality. Keywords: happiness, secondorder cofirmatory factor analysis, construct validity, SEM, indigenous psychology
215
DOES MOTHER’S VALUES WILL INFLUENCE SON’S SELF‐EFFICACY AND ACADEMIC
ACHIEVEMENT?: INDIGENOUS MOTHER‐SON RELATIONSHIP PERSPECTIVE
Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Sri Hartati, Ika Febrian Kristiana, Erin Ratna Kustanti
Diponegoro University
In family, we cannot ignore that there is a touch from mother to their children. Family in Indonesia disposed hand parenting over to mother, so values transferred from mother must be identified and adopted by her son’s. This study aims to describe and examine the influence of mother‐son’s values on son’s self efficacy. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 (31.2%); female =1044 (68.1%); unspecified = 10 (0.65%) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Based on topic that arranged from response of the respondent, values that can be learned from mother are social value, self development value, achievement, religiosity, life value, value of being role model, and negative value. These are grouped from specific values that have similarity with each other through consensus and discuss. Implication of the results will be discussed.
Key words: mother’s value, self‐efficacy, academic achievement, mother‐son relationship.
216
DOES FATHER‐DAUGHTER CLOSENESS INFLUENCED THEIR DAUGHTER’S
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT? : INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Nia Andriyani Hadisastro, Imam Setyawan, Ika Febrian Kristiana, Erin Ratna
Kustanti
Diponegoro University
In part as a result of changing cultural expectations concerning family structure and the role of fathers, the conceptualization of father involvement has evolved from a one‐dimensional construct emphasizing fathers’ physical or economic capacity within their own personal environment to a multidimensional construct emphasizing fathers’ physical, economic, social, emotional, and spiritual capacities. Specifically, father‐daughter relationship can be of great significance in general personality development of the female. This study was aimed to analyzed the influence of father‐daughter closeness on their academic achievement. A total of 1044 participants completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). They were asked of the reason they feel close to their father and their GPA at identity background. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach. Content analysis of open‐ended responses and cross tabulation with background information were run for this study. The result shows thatcloseness from father describe as the form of awarding motivation things (21.27%). Daughter explain about her closeness because father as a figure who fulfilled their children needs (14.81%) and as a positive figure (14.35%).Relation to academic achievement obtained from GPA score. Implication of the results on closeness to father on academic achievement will be analyzed further. Key words: closeness, academic achievement, father‐daughter relationship.
217
HOW SONS AND DAUGHTER LEARNED VALUES FROM THEIR MOTHER?
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Primadewi Kharisma, Prasetyo Budi Widodo, Nailul Fauziah
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
A mother’s pressure will influence the way children perceive the opportunity, their ability to explore those opportunity, and their feeling to it. Our study was to examine how sons and daughter perceived and learned values from their mother including the difference between them. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) get involved in completed parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks about values that they learned from mothers. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Results state that personal value scored highly in the data anaysis (35.23%) and then followed by social value (30.52%). Thus show that mother teaches mostly about value need to be instilled in oneself. The differences values from mother in sons and daughters will be further analyze. Key words: sons, daughters, values, mother‐child relationship.
218
DOES RESPECT FOR FATHER HAVE RELATION WITH HAPPINESS AND
ADOLESCENTS ETHNICITY IDENTIFICATION?: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Endah Kumala Dewi, Diana Rusmawati
Diponegoro University
In Indonesia, father is leader of the family. Father works hard to earn money for the living. He is a decision maker, he gives love, cares, and sacrifices to his family. This study examines how adolescents respect their father in relation with their happiness and ethnicity. The purpose of this study is to find out relational on happiness and adolescents ethnicity for respect their father on Indonesian’s adolescents in 52 ethnic group identification. The subjects of this study involve 1533 responses (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) undergraduate students in Diponegoro University who completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asked how do they appreciate their father. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach of analyzing te content of open‐ended responses, categorization of the responses and cross tabulating with background information. Research result indicates majority of respondents identificated as Javanese, Sundanese, Bataknese, and they have high level of ethnic identification The implications of this research on happiness and will discuss later. Key words : respect, happiness, ethnicity, father‐adolescents relationship
219
CHILD REARING IN THE INDIGENOUS ROTINESS
Merly Aclin Nuasizta Klaas, S.A Kristianingsih, Jusuf Tjahjo P
UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA
In many different cultures, there could be found various values, believes, and purposes of child rearing. Child rearing is a primary human empirically experience which has an affect on personality formation. Roteness people have their own characteristics in general behavior and in child rearing practices. Based on that cogitation, this research aims to capture child rearing of the Indigenous Roteness. This research used descriptive qualitative method and ethnography approached to reveal phenomenon through its own culture. Natural observation and indepth interview method were applied to collect the empirical data. The result shown a descent pattern of child rearing from generation to generation. Furthermore pattern of child rearing are physical punishment, open communication, viscidity to palm tree (Borassus Sundaicus Beccari), tua hopo consumption, warmth relation between parents and children, emphasizing on independence, responsibility and the importance of children education. It is shown also degradation on the understanding of the culture tradition.
220
OVERIMITATION DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT SOCIAL ECONOMIC STATUS AND CULTURE
Edward Andriyanto Soetardhio, Fatharani Nadhira
Universitas Indonesia
Overimitation is a behavior of reproducing someone else’s behavior without any selection of rational or irrational behavior. Our species shows this behavior after our 2nd year. Great apes and human below 2 years old select model’s behavior and only reproduce the behavior that is relevant in solving the problem. Overimitation is believed to be the source of culture and religion rituals. Nielsen researches in Australia and Kalahari Desert find that human universally shows this behavior in his 2nd or 3rd years of life. But this finding contradicts with Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. Vygotsky argue that context, such as culture, have a big influence of human cognitive development. Human with different context will show different strategy to solve their problems or to gain more information. Responding to this contradicting finding, this research will evaluate which point of view is applicable to children in Indonesia in gaining overimitation. Subjects in this research is collected from children in different culture, Medan and Jakarta, and different social economic status, low and mid to high social economic status. This research finds that children in Medan and Jakarta show different time in showing overimitation. But children with different social economic status in Jakarta show the same time in showing overimitation.
221
RESEARCH ON PERSONAL VALUES AS DETERMINANT FACTOR OF THE MENTALLY HEALTHY BEHAVIOR OF FIVE ETHNIC GROUPS
IN WESTERN PART OF INDONESIA
Elmira N. Sumintardja, Rismiyati E.Koesma, Tutty I. Sodjakusumah, Marisa F. Moeliono
Padjadjaran University
Individual’s happiness and satisfaction in living their life is derived from his or her personal values which will be accountable as determinant of mental health; Research on personal values is still limited in Indonesia, especially on Indonesian people who live in a multi ethnic society. This study is a preliminary study on 5 (five) ethnic groups in the area of western Indonesia. The goal of this preliminary study is to find out whether there are differences in personal values among members of the 5 ethnic groups which are rooted in their cultural background. The Explorative design survey was conducted in 5 provinces in the western part of Indonesia. By using cluster sampling technique, 5 provinces were selected, represented 5 ethnic groups: West Sumatera (Minangkabau), DKI Jakarta (Betawi), West Java (Sundanese), Yogyakarta (Javanesea) and Bali (Balinese). The research subjects in total was 590 respondents with the range of age is from 17 to 40 years old. The location of this study was in the capital city of every province: Padang, Jakarta, Bandung, Yogyakarta and Denpasar. Personal values was measured by the personal values scales (NH‐Q5 ) derived from Scott (1965) which consists of 8 values of good / bad in: social relations, social skills, social loyalty, social status, religiousity, self control, interdependency, and honesty. The result of this preliminary study showed that there were similarities and differences as well in personal values among the 5 ethnic groups. For the aspect of good or bad in social relations, the Betawi and Sundanese are easily forgiving people while Javanese, Balinese, and Minangkabau were not easily forgiving people, depending on the situation involved. In terms of the aspect of social skill, all ethnic groups agreed that good manners were the primary concern and willingness to work together with other people. However, only Balinese and Sundanese who consider interact with anybody, regardless of background differences, was essential. Four ethnic groups agreed that social loyalty is very important in defending the group honour, only Betawi believed that group loyalty was depended on certain conditions. In terms of social status, 4 ethnic groups, except Minangkabau, felt that admiration and respected by others were not their primary need. In other
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words, self image was not very important. For religiosity, all members of the 5 ethnic groups agreed that wellbeing can be achieved through religion. Members of 4 ethnic groups: Betawi, Sundanese, Javanese, and Minangkabau, approved that anger should be dealt with patience. Only half of the Balinese shared similar value. All 5 ethnic groups had similar value on independency; they had the need to be dependent on other people. There were some Balinese who consider that defending the right opinion was more important than keeping the social relationship. In terms of honesty, all members of the 5 ethnic groups agreed that the truth value was paramount although in reality social harmony must still be endorsed.
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LIVING WITH AMBIGUITY: COPE AND HOPE ‐ EXAMPLE OF FATHERS' COPING
WITH CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
Sheauer Chen
National Taiwan Normal University
Raising a child with Autism is one of the biggest strains a parent will ever face. There are no reliable treatments for autism, and it often brings high level of ambiguity into life, which usually perceived painful, frustrating and indecisive. However, it is possible that ambiguity can derive positive impact in life. This study aims at understanding whether there are and what are some of the possible hope, power or strength exerted from the fathers' experiences coping with ambiguity raising children with Autism? And how are these positive forces functioning? Data are collected and analyzed qualitatively. Twelve fathers of children with Autism in Taiwan were each invited for multiple in‐depth and long term interviews. Findings discussed in the paper include the following aspects: Facets of ambiguity living with autistic children; Conflicting realities at various systems interfaces; Strength exerted from facing ambiguity; and Strategy of managing ambiguity in life.
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FAMILY RESILIENCY IN FAMILY OF CHILD WITH CANCER : STUDY FROM
DIFFERENT CULTURE IN INDONESIA
Eko Handayani, Jaja Netra Puspita, SR Retno Pudjiati
Faculty of Psychology, University of Indonesia
This is an initial research that will describe the family resiliency in family of child cancer in different culture in Indonesia. .Childhood cancer is fatal illness but nowadays the healing potential has been increasing. Family becomes the most crucial factor in treatment of cancer in the child. Family who are able to adapt and survive in this situation are called resilient family. Culture differences influence family characteristic. Family culture plays an important role in family resiliency. This research using The Resiliency Model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation with the instrument called FIRA G. In Quantitative, we have taken data from 37 families who have child with cancer. Then, we did qualitative research to describe more about family resiliency of different culture. We found that all family had been developed family hardiness and family coherence, but not every family had family distress, and there are a unique responses from different family of different culture. Keywords : family resiliency, child cancer, cross‐cultural research, FIRA‐G
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ENCOURAGING RESILIENCE FOR MOTHER WITH AUTISM CHILD
THROUGH EMOTION REGULATION TRAINING
Estrina Maya Laily Ni’mah, Rr. Indahria Sulistyarini
Islamic University of Indonesia
The goal of this research is to cast about the effectiveness of emotion regulation training to encourage resilience for mother with autism child. A resilience framework was used to conceptualize this process, based on the view of individuals as active agents who adaptively avail themselves of strengths and resources to rebound from adversity. Mother with autism child has a high risk on emotional disorder. Emotion regulation training is one of method to encourage resilience for mother with autism child. This an experimental research used pretest posttest control group designed. The training comprised of 6 sessions, each session lasted in 1.00 hour. Resilience scale from Grothberg (2003) that were used in the measurement focused on the pre‐test, post‐test. In the last phase, interview was also conducted. Analyzed by paired sample t‐test with p = 0,03, the research result showed emotion regulation training can encourage the resilience for mother with autism child. Keywords: mother with autism child, resilience, emotion regulation training.
226
EXPRESSED‐EMOTION IN FAMILY: STUDY IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE II DIABETES
Nida Ul Hasanat
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Expressed ‐ emotion (EE) is an aspect of interpersonal relationships in family, which is defined as spontaneity of a family in talking about family members. If family members get diabetes, family’s EE affect family members in performing self‐management of illness. This research was to find how the role of family’s expressed‐emotion to self‐management of people with type II diabetes. Research’s participant were 10 persons with type II diabetes in Yogyakarta. Data were collected by Focus Group Discussion. The results showed that almost all aspects of EE appeared, i.e. Critical Comments (CC), hostility, Emotional Over ‐ Involvement (EOI) and Warmth, however Positive Remarks (PR) was not found. In many participants, family’s expressed‐emotion affected their diabetes self‐management, but in few participants family’s expressed‐emotion has no role in diabetes self‐management. Other result indicated that EOI in this study would be associated with positive behavior, but research in Western countries referred to negative behavior. Keywords: expressed‐emotion, diabetes self‐management, people with diabetes Tipe II
227
THE CORRELATION INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION OF EMPATHY AND BULLYING
Nurul Ayu
Gadjah Mada University
The purpose of this study was to explain the bullying behavior differences in relation with the level of intergenerational transmission of empathy. Data were collected from second grade of public and private junior high school in Yogyakarta (N=207) and their mother. Children were asked to answer the scale on bullying and empathy , whereas mother asked to answer the empathy scale for mother. There was no differences in bullying behavior in relation with the level of intergenerational transmission of empathy (p=0,624). The lack of empathy in adolescence was related to bullying (p= 0,016 , r=‐0,167). There was no evidence that mother’s low empathy related to children’s low empathy (p=0,186). In this study, the empathy transmission would be explained in cultural perspectives. Keywords: bullying behavior, intergenerational transmission of empathy, adolescence
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THE ROLE OF “MAKAN PINANG” IN RADO VILLAGE, WASIOR, WEST PAPUA
Chysanti Arumsari, Bernard Amadeus Jaya
Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia
One particular interesting local wisdom in the post‐disaster Rado village is the commonly occuring act of “Makan Pinang”. Though chewing Pinang and Sirih may be a common practice in other Melayu societies in Indonesia, the act of “Makan
Pinang” has unique implications, meaning, and impact towards the social interaction of inhabitants of this West Papuan village. The tradition is different in terms of substance since the fruits of both Pinang and Sirih are eaten instead of the leaves, and Kapur, the crushed shells of crustaceans are also eaten alongside it. Data gathering involves a series of interviews and field notes from participant observation. This research attempts to describe the role of “Makan Pinang” within the Rado society. Using the qualitative research method, this inquiry utilized the Actor Network Theory (Latour, 2005) as a model to identify the factors facilitating social interaction and the position of “Makan Pinang”within the network. Keywords: Actor Network Theory, Wasior, Makan Pinang, Local Wisdom
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HOW WORKING BALINESE WOMEN UNDERSTAND AND PERCEIVE “BANTEN”
OFFERINGS TO GOD IN THEIR MODERN WAY OF LIFE
Diah Fridari and Made Sri Inten
University of Udayana
“Banten”, a form of gratitude to the Higher Being, God, Nature and Universe will always be part of daily life in Balinese Culture. Types of offerings are varying from the simplest one to the most complex offering for specific rituals. As a gift to God, “Banten” must be attractive and it takes effort and time to make one offering. The purpose of this study is to discover how working Balinese women understand the meaning of “Banten” and their perspectives on how important this offering to be applied in their modern way of life considering their busy schedule at work, home and social demand. Using an open ended questions and interview, this study samples of 100 working Balinese women (age 25 – 45 years old) who are working in formal corporation with strict policy and procedures. The result of this study show that Working Balinese Women understand the meaning of a very simple offerings but not the type and meaning of more complex offering. They also find it’s very difficult to manage their time between work, family and social demand. The preparation and applying offering can be a burden to many respondents.
Keywordsi: Offerings, Working Balinese Women
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THE CULTURE OF “BERTANDANG” AND EATING HABITS OF CHILDREN AND
INFANTS IN SEMUNTIK VILLAGE, NANGA BADAU, WEST BORNEO
Bernard AmadeusJaya
University of Indonesia
Within the limitations of the Semuntik village as a frontier area, food availability and resources are actually abundant. Taking into consideration such a fact, it would be odd that most infants and children in Semuntik are malnourished. “Bertandang” or the act of visiting another’s home may be an attributing factor. Adults in Semuntik who work or “Bertandang” during the day display a poor model of eating habit to the children‐ usually only consuming snacks served by the host of the house and tea or coffee for the whole day. The subject of this research are the children and infants of Semuntik village which amounts to approximately 15 people. Data collection involves field notes, interviews, and observation pre and post‐intervention. Using Bandura’s Social Learning theory (1977) to correlate between the adults’ behaviour and the children’s eating habit while facilitating a suitable intervention. Keywords: Social Learning Theory, Nanga Badau, Eating Habits, Children and Infants
231
IS SEX A TABOO IN JAVANESE CULTURE?
Koentjoro
Gadjah Mada University
Nowadays people state that, and consider sex is a taboo in Javanese culture. Is this correct? If this is so, then when was sex becoming a kind of tabooed behavior? Actually the correct answer is no. There are at least 3 evidences against such a statement. First evidence comes from the Mahabharata book. Kakawin Bharatayuddha is a literature written by mpu Sedah and finished by mpu Panuluh. This kakawin was dedicated to Prabu Jayabhaya (1135‐1157 AD), and was written at the ending period of the throne of the Daha Kingdom (Kediri). Mahabharata tells about the dispute between the five Pandawa and their hundred cousins Korawa upon the right to rule Astina. The dispute ended in the Bharatayuddha war at the field called Kurusetra (http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharata, accessed October 18, 2011). In the story, usually played with shadow puppets, there are some characters with unique sexual behavior (e.g. Drupadi the polyandrous wife, Arjuna the polygamous prince, Banowati the cheater).The second evidence can be derived from the phenomenon of the Sukuh Temple. This temple was built around 1359 of the Caka calendar or 1437 AD, at the end of Majapahit kingdom. The temple is thought as a vulgar temple because it illustrates sex clearly. The terrace of the three temples shaped as vagina. Statues with large penis also can be found in this temple. It is believed that vagina symbols fertility. The third evidence is the Centhini book. The sign of the year the book was written is Suluk Tambangraras, means year 1742 of Javanese calendar or year 1814 AD. This means that the literature was written during the period of the Sunan Pakubuwana IV, or 6 years prior to the throne of the Sunan Pakubuwana V. Archive shows that Pakubuwana IV began to rule in 1741 (Javanese calendar), while Pakubuwana V began to rule in 1748 (Javanese calendar). The resource of the Centhini was the Jatiswara book, dated 1711 (Javanese calendar, the period of the Sunan Pakubuwana III). The author of the Jatiswara is unknown. The Centhini is frequently considered as the Javanese Kamasutra. The three evidences above strongly indicate that sex never been considered as taboo in the past. This fact raises question upon the time sex became a taboo in Javanese culture. It brings a thought, not yet strongly supported, that Islam and Christianity had their contribution in tabooing sex.
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ADOLESCENTS’ TRUST TO FATHER IN INDIGENOUS AND DEVELOPMENTAL
PERSPECTIVES
Wisjnu, Martani, Sri Lestari
Departement of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University
This study was aim to gain an understanding factors that influence paternal trust in adolescence. A total of 1191 students living in Surakarta and Yogyakarta completed an open‐ended questionnaire that asks how much they trust their fathers and reasons why they trust their fathers. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach. Results shown that adolescents trust toward father was influenced by father‐child relationship and paternal representation. Guidance, support, and closeness are factors in father‐child relationship that develop trust toward father in early adolescence. Differently middle adolescents trust toward father base on father’s role of model, whereas for late adolescent the foundation of trust is return to father’s reliability. In late adolescence honesty and role of model remain moderately found adolescents’ trust toward father as well as wisdom. The implications of finding are discussed. Implications of the results are discussed.
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EXPLORING THE DYNAMIC OF MOTHER‐ADOLESCENTS CLOSENESS
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Hastaning Sakti
Diponegoro University
This study aims to look at the dynamic of mother‐child closeness, and to exploring the reasons why they feel close to their mother. A total of 1533 university student (male = 479 ; female = 1044 ; unspecified = 10) at Diponegoro University completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asked how close they feel to their mother as well as the reason why they feel close to their mother. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach of analyzing the content of open‐ended responses. Results have shown that children feel close to their mother because her presence has considered as a motivator (27,91%), mother has also fulfilled emotional needs (25,83%), and the children have an attachment to their mother (11,61%). More verification on details of categories are required for the future research on closeness between mother and child relationship.
Key words: closeness, mother‐adolescent relationship.
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LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER
THEY ENTER SCHOOL:WITH SPECIFIC FOCUS ON RELATIONSHIP WITH FRIENDS,
SELF‐EFFICACY AND LIFE‐SATISFACTION
Woo‐Giy Chang, Uichol Kim, Young‐Shin Park
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to examine relationship with friends, self‐efficacy and life‐satisfaction among elementary school children before and after they enter school. A total of 33 young children completed a questionnaire developed by Park and Kim (2008, 2009, 2010) before they entered elementary school, when they became Grade 1 and when they became Grade 3. The results are as follows. First, social support received their parents increased as they became older. Second, there were no differences in relationship with their friends as they became older. Third, social support received from teachers decreased as they became older. Fourth, self‐efficacy did not change as they become older. Fifth, life‐satisfaction decreased as they become older. Implications of the results for Korean society and education will be discussed. Keywords: self‐efficacy, life‐satisfaction, parent‐child relationship, social support
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INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TAKING CARE OF ELDERLY
PARENTS:
GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS AND THEIR PARENTS
Ja Young Ahn, Young‐Shin Park, Uichol Kim
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this research is to investigate how high school and university students and their parents view taking care of elderly parents using indigenous psychological analysis. A total of 1,053 participants (high school students=199, university students=152, mothers= 351, fathers=351) completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Park and Kim (2008). It asks the positive aspects of taking care of elderly parents, the best way to take care of them, the aspect that moved the respondents, the actual behavior, the reason for not being able to take care of them, difficulties in taking care of them, and what they felt when they were not able to take care of them. The results are as follows. First, as for the positive aspects of taking care of elderly parents, students listed that they can depend on them and parents listed for the development of children’s character. Second, as for the best way to take care of them, students listed living with them and parents listed making them feel comfortable. Third, as for the aspect that moved them, students listed being able to be filial and parents listed sacrifice. Fourth, as for actual behavior, students listed living with them, and parents listed taking care of them. Fifth, as for the most important reason, students listed to return all the caring and love that they have receive from them and parents listed that it is their duty. Sixth, as for the reason not being able to take care of them, both groups listed financial constraints, difficulties in taking care of them, and differences in opinion. Seventh, as for difficulties in taking care of them, respondents listed financial difficulties, constraints in their freedom, and differences in opinion. Seventh, as for the feeling when they are not able to take care of them, both groups listed indebtedness. Implications of the results for Korean society and culture will be discussed. keywords: Taking care of elderly parents, indigenous psychology, living with parents, duty, indebtedness, financial constraints
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THE MEANING OF SADNESS AMONG INDONESIAN ADOLESCENTS IN SOCIAL
CONTEXT: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Novita Dewi Anjarsari, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli
University of Gadjah Mada
The previous studies stated that Indonesian had positive attitudes towards sad moments. The aim of this study was to discover the meaning of sadness among adolescents from big city, rural, and urban area in Indonesia. A total of 426 senior high school students between 14‐17 years old (urban=151, rural=215, big city=60), were asked to complete open‐ended questions asking about “What is the meaning behind the sad moments that you describe?” The data was categorized, open coded, axial coded, and then analyzed descriptively. The result shows that 52.6% of the respondents (54.3% of urban, 51.2% of rural, and 53.3% of big city adolescents) view unhappy moment as a learning process to maturity. There was no significant difference among adolescents in different social setting. This finding demonstrated that Indonesian adolescents cope the sad moments by self‐reflections and attempt to adjust themselves towards unpleasant situations. Keyword: sadness, adolescent, self reflection, adjustment, indigenous psychology.
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THE BASIS OF JAVANESE POSTTRAUMATIC GROWTH, “SABAR” AND “NRIMO” :
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MT. MERAPI ERUPTION
SURVIVORS
Fuad Hamsyah
Gadjah Mada University
The present studies on trauma, show that the focus is no longer posttraumatic stress disorder, but there have been a number studies focuses on the
possiblegrowth ofa person's psychologicalconditionafterexperiencingdifficultiesand sufferings which called
Posttraumatic Growth (PTG). Among Javanese communitythere is anindigenousvalue of life which is known as “sabar” (to be patient) and “nrimo” (to accept). This concept is usually applied when Javanese experience a difficult situation, including disaster such as Merapi eruption. This research aims to
understand the concepts of sabar and nrimo for the survivors of Merapi eruption disaster and to understand the role of both concepts in the development of
posttraumatic growth among them. Subjects of this research is Merapi disaster refugees who still live in shelters (pockets of refugee). This study applies a mixed methods design using quantitative and qualitative approaches. I expected that the result of this study will demonstrate how sabar and nrimo operates in the Javanese belief system as the basis of developing post traumatic growth.
Keywords: Merapi eruption, Sabar, Nrimo, Posttraumatic Growth
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THE PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOM PATTERNS AMONG ADOLESCENCE FROM SUB‐
URBAN OF YOGYAKARTA
AndrianLiem, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
University of Gadjah Mada
The aim of this study was describing psychological symptom patterns among sub‐urban adolescences. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), designed by Derogatis and translated in Bahasa Indonesia, was filled by 208 respondents (37% male and 63% female; age’s mean 15 y.o). Using 5‐point scale, from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely), the BSI internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) in this study was 0.936 and the mean 68.6 with std.deviaton 26.54. The nine primary symptom dimensions are: Somatization (mean=7.97;SD=4.35), Obsession‐Compulsion (mean=10.07;SD=3.24), Interpersonal Sensitivity (mean5.49=;SD=3.05), Depression (mean=7.34;SD=4.07), Anxiety (mean=7.8;SD=3.51), Hostility (mean=5.85;SD=3.56), Phobic anxiety (mean=6.08;SD=3.66), Paranoid ideation (mean6.39=;SD=3.55) and Psychoticism (mean=6.24;SD=3.32). From statistical analysis, female significantly has higher mean than male on Depression, Anxiety, Phobic anxiety, Psychoticism, and on Global Severity Index. While for education level, senior high school students significantly have greater mean than junior high school and vocational school on Obsession‐Compulsion, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Anxiety, and Global Severity Index. Key words:Psychological symptom, BSI, sub‐urban adolescences
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THE RELATION BETWEEN ADOLESCENCE’S CONCEPTION OF SADNESS AND SELF
RATED HAPPINESS: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Adelia Khrisna Putri, Moh. Abdul Hakim,
Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
Gadjah Mada University
Adolescence is a transition phase in which they experience many emotional turbulence. This study sought to identify the relevance between adolescents’ conception of sadness towards their rate of happiness. A total number of 422 students, all of whom were highschool students in Yogyakarta, completed an open‐ended questionnaire that posed the question of “what is the meaning behind your sad moment?” and a single item scale of happiness developed by Kim (2008). The qualitative data was categorized, open‐coded, axial coded, and later cross tabulated by the happiness self rating. Results demonstrated that Indonesian adolescents’ conception of sadness can be divided into 5 main categories, maturity (49.1%), life’s Obstacles (18.7%), memorable moments (5.9%), feel depressed (4.6%), and lastly spirituality (2.6%), while the happiness scale range from one to ten. Later, these perceptions were divided into 2 main perspectives, the positive approach containing sadness as maturity and spirituality, while the negative approach involve sadness as life’s obstacles, memorable moments and lastly feel depressed. This study concluded that the more positive an individual perceive their sad moments, the higher they score in their happiness scale.
Keywords: Sadness, Happiness, Indonesian adolescents, Quantitative study, Indigenous Approach
240
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐BEING AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE LIVING IN MULTI‐
GENERATIONAL FAMILIES
Dhiza Ariffa and Siti Dharmayati Utoyo
Universitas Indonesia
Traditionally, almost all Indonesian ethnic groups have houses where all generations live together in big living arrangements. Nowadays, especially in big cities, the availability of nursing houses becomes a preferred alternative. The purpose of this study is to identify the quality of well‐being among elderly people who live in multi‐generational families, since previous studies show contradicting results, whether they have moderate psychological well‐being, or, low psychological well‐being (see for instance, studies by Palloni, 2000 and Soraya, 2007). Ryff’s (1995) psychological well‐being scale is used as a main research instrument, and 100 elderly took part in this study. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, educational and marital backgrounds. The results of the study are interpreted in terms of the Indonesian cultural norms.
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THE DIFFERENCES OF CARING STYLES BETWEEN FATHER AND MOTHER BASED
ON ADOLESCENTS SEX STATUS : AN INDIGENOUS STUDY OF PARENT‐CHILD
RELATIONSHIP
Bimo Dwi Atmojo, Kartika Sari Dewi
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Father and mother influencing their children with different ways. Mother helps her children for day care skill, independency, and knowing their identity (Indrasari, 2010). In the other hand, father's involvement increases a child's social development, sense of self‐worth, and chances of academic success (Dewi, 2000). Father provide his children with something that mother can’t do, and mother to do otherwise (Langlois, 1999). This study aims to analyze the differences of father and mother’s caring styles. With total of 1523 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044; unspecified = 10) whom completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Participants were asked how they parents taking care of them. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Results show that father and mother mostly have the same caring styles, but they do in the different ways. Emotional touch, sharing with children most applied by mothers. In the way to give their children direction, fathers most applied the direction of religion and courage. Implication for this research will discussed later. Key words: caring styles, sex status, parent‐child relationship, adolescent,
242
HOPE AND CONCEPT OF GOD IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER
Fransisca M. Sidabutar, Julia Suleeman Chandra
University of Indonesia
Pediatric cancer is a terminal illness, but still curable. At least for five years the child needs to face the treatment along with the challenges in it. The child needs hope and one of its source is the concept of God. To get the description of hope and concept of God in children with cancer, researcher used qualitative approach with interview and observation. The respondents of this study were three school‐age children who had been undergoing cancer treatment. The result shows that hope was related to the child’s understanding about his/her illness which motivated him/her to endure the treatment and be able to plan strategies. Concept of God was related to the child’s experience with illness and pray became a strategy to increase hope.
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THE RELATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND COPING STRATEGY
TOWARDS PSYCHOLOGICAL BURDEN OF FAMILY CAREGIVER PEOPLE WITH
SCHIZOPHRENIA
Wahyu Utami, Sofia Retnowati
University of Gadjah Mada
Varieties of responsibilities, roles and life style changes during the process of care giving lead to more varieties of effects for the family caregivers of people with schizophrenia. The effects were high family expenses, the feeling of boredom, helplessness, anger but in the other hand family caregivers hated themselves for having those emotions towards people with schizophrenia. This was called psychological burden. The aim was to explore the relation between knowledge about schizophrenia and coping strategy with family caregiver’s psychological burden. A total of 71 family caregivers aged above 17 years old and take their family to Puskesmas Kraton Yogyakarta, Puskesmas Kalasan Sleman and RSKD Atma Husada Mahakam Samarinda and family caregivers who join Komunitas Peduli Skizofrenia Indonesia forum participated in this research. Knowledge about Schizophrenia Questionnaire, Ways of Coping Checklist‐Revised and Burden Scale were used. The hypothesis was there is significant relation between knowledge about schizophrenia, coping strategy with family caregiver’s psychological burden. Multiple regression analysis is used and confirmed the hypothesis. The family caregiver’s knowledge about schizophrenia and psychological burden were low and aimed at problem focused coping for their coping strategy.
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EFFECTIVENESS OF OBSERVED EXPERIENTIAL INTEGRATION THERAPY ON THE
TRAUMATIC ORPHAN ADOLESCENTS
Petra Omega, Petrayuna Dian Omega, Denny Putra
Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana
Observed Experiential Integration (OEI) Therapy is delivered as part of a weekly counseling session to four participants who have experienced traumatic events in the past. Participants were adolescents who have lived in an orphanage for a minimum period of one year. Each participant received one counseling session prior to a series of OEI therapy to determine if the participant was suitable for therapy session. Prior to and following each of the OEI therapy session, participant received a Subjective Units of Distress (SUDs) to measure a progress on their expression of emotional intensity. A traumatic symptoms scale was given as a pre‐test and post‐test measurement to identify the differences in traumatic symptoms experienced by participants who had received a series of OEI therapy. One was given prior to the first OEI therapy and the second was after the last OEI therapy. The results showed differences in traumatic symptoms experienced by adolescent participants before and after therapy. Observed Experiential Integration, adolescents, trauma, orphans.
245
A STUDY OF INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY: PROFESSION DIVERSITY OF BALINESSE
SOCIETY AGAINST INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP “MENYAMA BRAYA”
Demira Shaifa, Wahyu Indrariyani, Arick Istriyanti, Indah Desira,
Ayu Paramita, Supriyadi
Udayana University
Profession is refers to a job as main activities to produce life expenses which needed skill in practice (Wicaksana, 2008). In Bali, interpersonal relationship considered as an important thing, especially with the existence of specific tradition that regulate it. Implementation of interpersonal relationship that exist in Bali is called “Menyama Braya”. Profession demand often becomes obstacle in “Menyama Braya” relationship. The aims is to find the relationship between profession diversity of Balinesse society against interpersonal relationship “Menyama Braya”. Partisipants are Balinesse people who lived in Denpasar with five kinds of professions (doctor, businessman, educational practitioner, lawyer, psychologist). This study is conducted with qualitative approach, and data is gathered from open‐ended quessionaire and in‐depth interview. The result that we may expect from this study is whether profession diversity of Balinesse society have connection with interpersonal relationship “Menyama Braya” which can influenced social life process in the future. Keywords: Profession, interpersonal relationship, Balinesse society, “Menyama Braya”, indigenous
246
THE CONCEPTION OF JAVANESE ADOLESCENTS’ SELF IN THE FAMILY CONTEXT:
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY ANALYSIS
Rizqi Nur’aini A’yuninnisa, Sulasmi Sudirman
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti
University of Gadjah Mada
Influenced by the significant people around individual, the self involves cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects, and is affected by the cultural context. This study aimed to investigate how the Javanese adolescents perceive themselves when they are with their parents. A total of 427 high school and undergraduate students (female=279; male=148) completed two opened‐ended questionnaires developed by Kim (2008) namely, “When I am with my mother, I am…”, and “When I am with my father, I am…”. The data showed that both female and male respondents experienced positive affects when they were either with mother or father. Male adolescents tend to devote to their parents while female adolescents tend to behave like children, besides feeling positive emotion and devoting to parents, regarding whom they are with. There was also expression which was found when the respondents being with father but not mother, called learning. Those result showed that the self of adolescents were affected differently by their mothers and fathers, depend on whom they were with and the relationship among them.
Key words: Javanese, adolescents, parents, self, indigenous psychology
247
THE EFFECT OF ATTACHMENT STYLE ON LIFE SCRIPT FOR IMPORTANT LIFE EVENT
Emmanuela Arryna Budiman, Gabriella Wongso
Monash University Life scripts are culturally shared expectations about the order and timing of life events in a prototypical life course. We studied whether individuals with different attachment styles offer different life script for various life events. 150 participants from Malaysia (53 males and 97 females) between 17‐35 years of age took part in the study. The participants completed the Adult Attachment Questionnaire and Life Script Questionnaire. It was expected that the participants with the secure attachment style would more likely to comply with the life script within the overall population. The results, however, did not confirm this hypothesis.
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CONCEPTION OF SELF AMONG JAVANESE ADOLESCENTS AND PARENTAL
PERCEPTION : INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Regisda Machdy Fuadhy, Sulasmi Sudirman, Moh. Abdul Hakim
Kwartarini W Yuniarti
University of Gadjah Mada
In Indonesia context, self concept is the combined result of two perceptions; how other people, especially close persons, perceive us, and how we perceive ourselves. This study explored the concept of adolescents’ self based on parents’ perceptions. Subjects of this study consist of 235 senior high school students (93 males, 142 females) who completed an open‐ended questions developed by Kim (2008). The question were “how would mother describe you as a person?” and “how would father describe you as a person?”. The data was categorized through content analysis. The result showed that adolescents perceive fathers described them as good child and mothers described them as bad child. I will discuss the implication of these results further in a comprehensive manner.
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THE SELF‐DISCIPLINE DIFFERENCE IN COLLEGE STUDENT WITH DIFFERENT
PARENTING STYLE
Annisa Meizvira
University of Indonesia
Finkenauer, Engels, and Baumiester (2005) found that parental control will make conducive conditions for children to develop their self‐discipline. In addition, parental control which is combined with parental warmth will form parenting style. According to Maccoby and Martin (1983), there are four parenting styles based on parental control and parental warmth, so that the self‐discipline among children with different parenting style will also different. The objective of this research was to see the self‐discipline difference in college student with four parenting styles by Maccoby and Martin (1983). Participants of this research are 258 college students. Self‐discipline was measured with Brief SCS, constructed by Tangney and Baumiester (2004; Duckworth & Seligman, 2005). Parenting style was measured with The Parenting Style Questionnaire, which was constructed by Lamborn, Mount, Steinberg, and Dornbusch (1991). Based on Kruskal Wallis, H = 3.692, (3, N = 90), p > 0.05. It means, there was no significant different self‐discipline in college student with authoritative parenting style, authoritarian parenting style, indulgent parenting style, and neglectful parenting style. Based on mean difference, parental control could make the children develop self‐discipline better.
250
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN FAMILY RELATEDNESS AND SELF‐BELIEFS
Miriam Sang‐Ah Park
Monash University
Beliefs about the self and the family can differ across cultures depending on early socialisation experiences. The long‐held conception of the dichotomous Individualistic versus Collectivistic cultures was often used to explain for the differences in self‐construals, where the cultural emphases were believed to lead individuals to conceptualise the self either as autonomous or related (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). The self in family was also viewed in a similar way, where the traditional cultural views seemed to be the strongest factor in determining the nature of the relationship. However, there is an emerging view suggesting that with the recent social change families are coming to accept and value both autonomy and relatedness in the self (see Kagitcibasi, 2007). Across cultures, while physical or material dependence might be decreasing, importance placed on emotional relatedness seem to be increasing. The current study investigated self and self‐in‐family beliefs, looking into what types of self‐beliefs are most prevalent in each culture/country, and whether this trend‐ the merging of the the two cultural selves‐ can be found across cultures.
251
SEX DIFFERENCES IN SELF‐EFFICACY OF ADOLESCENTS IN BALI: AN INDIGENOUS
APPROACH
Suari Dewi, Ayu Saraswati, Supriyadi
Udayana University
Self‐efficacy was based on Bandura's theory (1994), defined as people's belief about their capabilities to produce designated level of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their life. The purpose of this research is to find out the differences of adolescent's self‐efficacy in Bali according to their sex, based on how they feel and think about how good are their capabilities in some conditions. Indigenous approach was used for this research which explains phenomenon by local view. This research used quantitative method and independent – samples T Test was run for the analysis. The participants are undergraduate students who filled questionnaire about self‐efficacy. The questionnaire was a part of happiness questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) which has been standardized by the researcher in Bali. The expected result is self‐efficacy of adolescents in Bali is different according to their sex. Keyword: self‐efficacy, adolescent, indigenous approach, sex
252
PREVENTION AND SUPPORT TO VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONG
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF CAMBODIA
Hema NHONG, Héctor RIFA
Royal Phnom Penh University
Prevention and support to Victims of Domestic Violence among Indigenous Peoples, is a community development project implemented by Psicólogos Sin Fronteras ONGD in conjunction with the Universidad de Oviedo (Spain) and the Royal University of Phnom Penh (Cambodia), and funded by the Spanish Agency of International Cooperation for Development (AECID). The aim of the project is to evaluate and promote the Psychosocial wellbeing of the Indigenous Peoples of Cambodia focus on the needs of the Women and their Children, mainly in the frame of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals 3rd , 4th& 5th ; related to Gender Equity, Domestic Violence, Infant mortality and Maternal Health. In order to assess the situation on these topics we carry a survey following the design of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) international institution on a sample of 650 subjects, both men and women. Other main activities are the selection and training of a body of 340 Trainers of Trainers on Gender issues; and to create a Mental Health Unit to give prevention and assistance in remote areas. All these activities have the common idea to give respect and empower their communities based in their Indigenous culture and traditions. And according a Memorandum of Understanding with the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Women Affairs of Cambodia.
253
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ROLE PLAY METHOD TO INCREASE PRE‐SCHOOL
CHILDREN’S MORAL INTELLIGENCE
Arum Febriani, Endang Ekowarni
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of role play method to increase pre‐school children’s moral intelligence. The hypothesis revealed that there was a difference of moral intelligence between control group and experiment group, where the subjects of experiment group using role play methods would have higher moral intelligence than the control group who did not. Subject of this research was 5 years‐old male and female children, who were not obtaining role play method. They studied in the kindergarten located in the village in Yogyakarta. The research’s design was by designing the untreated control group with pretest and posttest. The data were analyzed by using Mann‐Whitney U with gain score. The result showed that there was significant difference result between the control group and the experiment group’s in the score of moral intelligence (p < 0,05), but both of the group’s scores of moral intelligence were increasing from pretest to posttest. The further analysis resulted that there was no significant difference on the moral intelligence based on gender (p > 0,05).
254
SIBLINGS RELATIONSHIP IN INDONESIAN'S FOLKLORES
Rini Hildayani
University of Indonesia
The goals of the study is to describe siblings relationship in Indonesian’s folklores. There are five Indonesian’s folklores which are analyzed by using content analysis. The folklores are coming from five different provinces in Indonesia. It were found that, commonly, the size of siblings are two and consist of same‐sex siblings. The older is described as selfish, stingy, crafty, and malicious. The other way, the younger is described as helpful, gracious, wise, and forgiving. As a conclusion, Indonesian’s folklores generally describe the older siblings by bad characteristics and the younger by good one. Furthermore, it can be source of birth‐order stereotypes for children.
255
STRESS AND COPING IN TEACHER OF SPECIAL NEED CHILDREN
Efriyani Djuwita, Eko Handayani
Faculty of Psychology, University of Indonesia
Meeting the daily activities such as learning and behavioral needs in special needs children can be a very stressful job. For teacher this stress can reduce their motivation in handling the class. This research aims to identify stress and coping in teacher of special needs children. Data collection was taken in 20 teachers of special needs children. The result of this study revealed number common stress symptoms. The physical signs related to their stress reported by teacher of special needs children such stomachache and headache. They also reported behavior stress sign such as having eating and sleeping problems. Psychological and emotional sign are most reported by participant are irritable and anxious. Teacher are also reported their stressor from the behavior from their students such as lack of their self‐help. Meanwhile the coping that most reported by teacher is problem focus coping such as critical thinking and effective communication. The implications of the findings are discussed.
256
CHARACTERISTICS OF MOTHER IN INDONESIAN FOLKLORE
Mita Aswanti Tjakrawiralaksana
University of Indonesia
The goal of the study is to describe how mother are commonly portrayed in Indonesian children folklores. Eight Indonesian children folklores from different regions of Indonesia are analyzed using content analysis method. It is found that mother are portrayed as weak, passive and in distressed but at the same time have power to control the situation. As a conclusion, even though traditionally mothers are seen as weak however they have show some strength to cope with the situation.
257
DIFFERENCES IN POINTS OF VIEWS MOTHERS TAKE IN DESCRIBING INTERPERSONAL CONFLICTS TO CHILDREN: STORY TELLING SESSIONS IN JAPAN,
CHINA AND US COMPARED
Miki Kakinuma, Kayoko Uemura, Jing Jin, Hiroshi Azuma
Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
Japanese, Chinese and U.S. children aged between 3 and 5 years and their mothers (49, 48, 19 pairs) were presented with drawings of interpersonal conflicts. The content of the storytelling sessions were compared. The results indicate cultural differences in how they describe children in these pictures (p<.01), as Japanese were more likely to call them by names of actual friends (p<.05), while Chinese referred as friends (p<.05) and Americans did not use names of actual person or as friends in general (p<.05). These differences may reflect how they look at people around them, as someone they know well, someone they may know or be close to in the future, or total stranger. This transmission of information processing of person perception is already observed at age 3, and is a component of cultural learning which in turn influences the development of social cognition.
258
DO CONFLICTS THAT I’VE WITH MY PARENTS WILL AFFECT TO MY SELF‐
EFFICACY? :INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF PARENT‐ADOLESCENTS
CONFLICTS
Novi Qonitatin, Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti
Diponegoro University
The heightened conflict that surfaces in the families of adolescents presents unique challenges to both adolescents and their parents as they attempt to deal with the changing nature of their relationship. During this period, conflict has implication to their later life. This study want to analyze differences conflict between mother and father perceived by adolescents. The population of this research are 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Primary results show that there are differences types of conflict between fathers and mothers perceived by adolescents. Self negative attitudes conflict appear on father‐adolescents relationship and rules conflict on mother‐adolescents relationship. The implications of this research on adolescent’s self efficacy will be discussed. Key words: conflict, self‐efficacy, parent‐adolescent relationship.
259
CONCEPTION OF SELF AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN THE BIG CITY, THE CITY, AND
THE VILLAGE AREA
Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The present indigenous psychological study aimed to explore how parents give influence to adolescents’ self concept.. A total of 548 students (395 senior high school students, 125 undergraduate students, 28 graduate students) were involved to completed an open‐ended questionnaire that asked, “how parents act toward adolescents”, “how do parents make adolescents feel”, and “what kinds of thoughts do adolescents have when they are with parents”. Using content analysis method, I categorized the data to find the main themes and, then, conduct cross‐tabulation. Result showed positive emotion is the dominant and high probability in predicting the conception of self among Indonesian. Positive emotion, such as happy, comfortable, love, and safe. And togetherness, between parents and children, is the important thing for respondent in this finding.
Key words : Positive Affections, Influence, Parents, Adolescents, content analysis
260
THE ROLE OF RELIGION AND LOCUS OF CONTROL ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐
BEING
Kevin Cheng, David r. Phillips
Tung Wah College
This study seeks to understand how the interplay between religious belief and feeling of control impact on those in the old‐old years in terms of mental well‐being. Current research has reported that circumstantial and individual factors affect older peoples’ psychological well‐being (Phillips et al., 2005, 2008, 2010). A sample of 348 Han‐Chinese aged 60 years or over showed that, when demographical and circumstantial concerns were statistically accounted for, control factor has a greater impact on those with no religious affiliation. That is, psychological well‐being can be well maintained for those without religious beliefs if their perceived control is sustained. For those with religious beliefs, control has a significant impact on psychological well‐being but the impact is less drastic than the non‐religious older people. The results are discussed with reference to the findings by Ellison (1993) and Krause (1998).
261
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACHIEVEMENT GOALS WITH VALUES
ORIENTATIONS AND PERSONALITY TRAITS
Rukiana Hutagalung, Moh. As’ad
Gadjah Mada University
Most college students want to call a high‐achiever student. Based on focus group discussion that held for this study, college students had a notion that an achievement is depends on them‐self. That cause of different point of view is college students’ self‐involvement, such as their personality and values. This study aims to understanding the relationship between college students’ achievement goal with their values orientation and personality. This study used Achievement Goals Questionnaires by Elliot & McGregor, Portrait Value Questionnaires, and Big Five Inventory. The subject was 545 students Faculty of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University. The results showed that (i) performance‐approach goal depends on achievement value, conscientiousness personality, conformity value, and hedonism value (28,7%; p<0,01), (ii) mastery‐avoidance depends on neuroticism, conscientiousness, and conformity (14,9%; p<0,01), (iii) mastery‐approach depends on universalism, achievement, benevolence, conscientiousness, self‐direction, and openness (30,0%; p<0,01), and performance‐avoidance depends on achievement, tradition, hedonism, and openness (11,0%; p<0,01).
262
CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT AS ONLINE GAMERS IN WEST
JAKARTA: AN EXPLORATION FROM TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE PERSPECTIVE
Tji Beng Jap, Sri Tiatri, Meliana, Yeni Anna Appulembang
Tarumanagara University
The pattern of leisure activity, which is guided by certain socio‐cultural circumstances has changed considerably with the inception of internet based activities such as online games (Thirlaway & Upton, 2009). As in many parts of the world, the Indonesian high school students’ interest of online games has been very high (Oktorina et al, 2010). This study explored the characteristics of high school students as online gamers from Technology Acceptance perspective (Vankatesh & Davis, 1989, Meliana et al. 2010). Quantitative approach was used across the study. A total of 463 students from 6 public and private high schools in West Jakarta have participated in this inquiry. The result showed perceived enjoyment (R2=4.83, p<0.01) and descriptive norm (R2=5.19, p<0.01) which characterized the acceptance of online games as a lifestyle. Additionally, socializing and befriending as in Hofstede’s collectivism (2011) motivated the participants to play online games. Keywords: online games, technology acceptance, lifestyle, collectivism
263
INCLINATION OF ‘MANUSIA TANPA CIRI’ PERSONALITY AND MEANING OF LIFE
IN LAST ADOLESCENT
Mega Dianingtyas Nugraheni, Siti Waringah
Gadjah Mada University
The research aimed to know the relationship between inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality with meaning of life in last adolescent. The hypothesis of this research is there is positive correlation between inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality with meaning of life in last adolescent. The data are collected by using two scales; inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality scale and meaning of life scale. The higher inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality, the higher meaning of life in last adolescent. The partisipants are the 254 collage student in Yogyakarta, 18‐21 years old. The collected data are processed by using Product Moment’s Pearson correlation analysis. The results indicate that there is a significant and positive correlation between inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality with meaning of life in last adolescent (R = 0,673 ; p < 0,01). Effective contribution inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality to meaning of life in last adolescent is 45,5%. Key Words: inclination ‘manusia tanpa ciri’ personality, meaning of life in last adolescent
264
CULTURAL BENCHMARKING:
CONSTITUTIVE AND REGULATIVE PATTERNS AFFECTING PERSONALITY AS
REFLECTED IN IRANIAN PROVERBS AND ADAGES
Keivan Zahedi
Shahid Beheshti University
The aim of the present research is to look into the parameters affecting and molding personality on two individual and societal levels as reflected in the proverbs and adages of the Iranian culture. The set of proverbs and adages in a culture is indicative of both the constitutive rules and regulative norms governing an individual’s personality and modes of behavior, hence acting as a heuristic and educational tool. Factors such as happiness, behavioral acceptability and satisfaction have cultural benchmarks formalized within the linguistic heritage of a nation. The method comprises the analysis of the linguistic corpus of Iranian proverbs, extracting the cultural benchmarks and assessing the parameters considered fundamental in determining and assessing personality. Results show that there is a meaningful interrelationship between the linguistic, psychological and social domains of personality and the involved variables are culturally determined. Key terms: personality, Iranian culture, proverbs and adages
265
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND SUBJECTIVE WELL‐BEING THE
FRENCH CULTURE: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY AMONG A FRENCH ENGINEERING
STUDENTS SAMPLE
Laurent Sovet
The National Research Institute for Labor and Vocational
Guidance, France The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between personality and subjective well‐being. A large number of studies in different cultures explored already this field in a cross cultural perspective but it is difficult to find similar work among the French culture. A sample of 68 undergraduate students majoring in engineering science fills in a questionnaire including the measurement of subjective well‐being and all the personality traits. Results indicated significant correlations between subjective well‐being and conscientiousness (r = .24, p< .050) and neuroticism (r = ‐.23, p=.055). Those results are not consistent with the results in other cultures. However, regarding to the particularities of this sample (despite of the limited size), we focused our discussion to the congruence between the interplay subjective well‐being personality and the environment arguing the importance of cultural dimensions in the quality of this relationship.
266
SELF‐ENHANCEMENT AMONG JAPANESE: EVIDENCE FROM A CLASSIC PARADIGM
Hiroaki Morio
Kansai University is considered as one of the fundamental motives in Western cultures. There is an ongoing heated debate over whether East Asians engage in self‐enhancement. In this study, a simple experiment was conducted to empirically test whether Japanese show any sign of self‐enhancement. The classic paradigm of success and failure with bogus task feedback was adopted. Japanese participants showed self‐enhancement such that they rated the task more important after success than failure. In addition, participants requested for the printout of the task result more after success than after failure. These findings clearly indicate that Japanese do engage in self‐enhancement.
267
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE AND TRAUMA ON
SURVIVOR OF MERAPI VOLCANO ERUPTION IN YOGYAKARTA: A PRELIMINARY
DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY FF TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES’ CHECKLIST
SalmaIbrahim, Rahmat Hidayat
University of Gadjah Mada
Traumatic experience is one of determinant factors which increases risk of psychological impact of disaster. Therefore, it is important to have rapid assessment instrument to examine vulnerability of survivors. The study aims to develop rapid assessment instrument namely checklist of traumatic experiences on volcano eruption survivor. Predictive validity of the instrument is determined by measuring correlation between checklist and trauma. Trauma is one of psychological impacts which is related with traumatic experiences.The instrument was constructed based on theorical frame, empirical data, and logical assumption of researcher. The checklist consists of 31 items and distributed to aspect of behavioral, visual, and audio stimuli. Trauma in this study was measured by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Total of 66 survivors was taken by quota sampling from 3 subdistricts, Cangkringan, Turi, and Pakem, gender equally. The age criteria of participants is more than 21 years old. The analysis revealed that the instrument is valid and has significant positive relationship with trauma (r= 0,487; p= 0,000). Further development and evaluation is needed. Key words: traumatic experience, trauma, rapid assessment
268
THE ROLE OF COPING STRATEGIES IN THE RELATIONSHIP OF
RELIGIOSITY/SPIRITUALITY AND RESILIENCE
Ji HaeLee, Sung Yoon Park, Chae‐Yeon Lee, Jeongho Uhm, Sang Min Lee,
Ji Hee Lee
Korea University
The purpose of the current study is to examine the relationship of religion (religiousness and spirituality), coping strategies and resilience among college students. While previous studies have explored religion to be a way of coping (religious coping), research on the relationship of spirituality and religiousness on various coping mechanisms is lacking (Shah, 2011). 200 Korean undergraduates completed measures of religiosity (intrinsic or extrinsic), spirituality, coping strategies, adaptation, and resilience. Students who scored high in intrinsic religiosity and spirituality attained high scores in adaptive coping strategies, and high results in adaptation and resilience as well. The result indicates that adaptive coping strategies are the key elements connecting religiosity/spirituality with adaptation and resilience. The audience may expect to hear of adaptive coping strategies in detail which enables the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and resilience. Besides, the audience will get to know some distinctive features of Asian undergraduates regarding religion and spirituality.
269
REAPPRAISAL IS HEALTHIER THAN SUPPRESSION? : EMOTION REGULATION
STRATEGIES IN OUR LIFE
Esti Sudarmoko, Esti Hayu Purnamaningsih
University of Gadjah Mada
Emotion have many important functions in our lives. There is interpersonal communicative function aimed to signal to others information about internal state. Emotion manifest themselves in spesific cognitive, behavioral, and physiologic reactions. There are wide variety of ways in individuals regulate their emotion. Capacity to regulate emotion is important to social functioning and maintaining mental health. There are two commonly emotion regulation strategies, are Reappraisal and Suppression. The purpose of this paper is report of literature and some experimental reviews of emotion regulation strategies . Conclusion:This review has been controversial: some theorists proposed and some research finding that reappraisal has a healthierthan suppression,butothers have posited, that suppression may have different adaptive consequence. Keywords: Reappraisal, Suppression, emotion, emotion regulation strategies.
270
FACIAL TRUSTWORTHINESS AND SELF‐REGULATORY RESOURCES
Meta Zahro Aurelia
Airlangga University
Facial trustworthiness and risk were found to play role on trust‐decision making. Facial trustworthiness was found to be an automatic aspect of trust, while risk‐taking consideration relied on a controlled process of trust. Trust as a promotion of prorelationship behavior requires individuals to employ their self‐resources in order to pass transformation of motivation process. In regards to the limited strength model, this study intended to investigate to what extent that facial trustworthiness and risk contribute to the consumption of self‐regulatory resources on the context of interpersonal trust. Building on this study, three experiments were conducted to test: (1) if facial trustworthiness induced individuals to initially mobilize their self‐resources; (2) if facial trustworthiness and risk affect the consumption of self‐resources and thus will result in a self‐regulatory depletion; (3) if individuals who initially mobilize their self‐resources will get depleted after interacting with untrustworthy other in a highly risk situation. Experiment 1 showed that mobilization of self‐resources was pronounced among people paired with trustworthy person, while oppositely, in Experiment 3, the mobilization of self‐resources was pronounced among people paired with untrustworthy person. Experiment 1 revealed the effect of untrustworthy face on self‐regulatory depletion, but Experiment 3 revealed the opposite finding: trustworthy face depletes self‐regulatory resources. Across three experiments, we did not find significant effect of risk on self‐regulatory depletion. Experiment 2 showed unexpected finding that people in untrustworthy condition tend to initially mobilize their resources and got depleted after interacting in a low‐risk situation. The findings of this study underline the fact that trusting the untrustworthy face, which requires individuals to employ more self‐resources than trusting the trustworthy face, is depleting, although is not supported by all three experiments. Future research is expected to reveal the plausible mediating effect of facial stereotype on the link between facial trustworthiness and self‐regulatory resources. Keywords: facial trustworthiness, risk, transformation of motivation, limited resources, self‐regulatory depletion
271
DOES SELF‐CONSTRUAL IMPACT AWARENESS OF EMOTION IN OTHERS?
Maia Jamadi, Philip S. Wong, Howard Mcguire, Nicholas Papouchis
Long Island University
Self‐construal refers to the extent to which the self is viewed as separate from or connected to others. The standard conceptualization of self‐construal consists of two categories—independent and interdependent (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). Independent is exemplified by individualism and Western ideology and emphasizes independence and differentiating the self from the other. Whereas interdependent is exemplified by collectivism and Eastern ideology and aims to maintain harmonious relationships and connect with others. It has been suggested that interdependents have a heightened awareness of others. This notion was examined in the current study by interpreting ‘heightened awareness’ as ‘sensitivity’ to facial expressions of emotion and examined using a computerized facial morphing task in which faces slowly changed from neutral to 100% emotion expression (Angry, Fear, Happy, Sad). It was predicted that interdependents would demonstrate greater sensitivity to facial expressions of emotion than independents. Self‐construal was measured using Singelis’ (1994) Self‐Construal Scale (SCS) and no significant findings were demonstrated when it was treated as the standard two‐factor construct. However, a principal components analysis revealed two independent (Behavioral Individualism and Primacy of Self) and two interdependent (Deference/Harmony and Primacy of Other) self‐construal factors. When treated as multidimensional, results indicated significant relationships between sensitivity and the two interdependent self‐construal factors. As scores on Primacy of Other increased, sensitivity to Angry (p = .035) and Fear (p = .040) increased, whereas when scores on Deference/Harmony increased, sensitivity to Angry (p = .007), Happy (p = .024), and Sad (p = .019) decreased. There were no significant relationships between self‐construal and the independent factors. Results lend support for the impact of self‐construal on sensitivity to facial expressions of emotion and could be of great clinical utility to enhance understanding when working with culturally diverse populations.
272
SELF‐REGULATION CONCEPT OF TEENAGERS BASED ON
WEDHARAGA TEXT
Anggiastri Hanantyasari Utami, Hadi Sutarmanto
Gadjah Mada University
Fighting among teenagers, joining in a gang, addicting to social networking program, etc. On the other side some could reach a brilliant prestations. The author identified it as a regulation process when someone could and could not control their mind, feeling, and behavior to reach a goal. The phenomena made the author created the aim of this sudy was to find the self‐regulation concept of teenager based on Sẽrat Wedharaga (Wedharaga text) which was in Piwulang Warna‐warni text from Pakualaman Library. The author used Sẽrat Wedharaga to prove that there were a lot of things from indigeneous that had so much learning points, especially for psychological concepts. The descriptive‐exploratory methods was used to describe the study. The author used three processes of interview: first, two experts on Javanese arts to get more information about the text. Second, FGD of two groups teenagers (common teenagers and Pakualaman dinasty). The last was interview of three expert (two are psychologist and one is the Pakualam IX (the King of Pakualaman Palace) it self). The result of this study was the concept appeared from the Sẽrat Wedharaga which were andhap ashor (modest), awas lan emut (vigilance and remembering), manunggaling kawula‐Gusti (relationship between human and God) . Keywords: Self‐Regulation, teenagers, javaness, Sẽrat Wedharaga, indigeneous
273
SELF‐MANAGEMENT FOR SINGLES AS AN ALTERNATIVE LIFESTYLE IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Domingo O Barcarse
Philippine Normal University
Individuality, freedom of choice and lifestyle is essential. The researcher underwent this study on the increasing number of single individuals in the Philippines. A descriptive survey study and development of an enhancement program for the identified problems was used. The purposive sampling technique was utilized on two hundred (200) professional single and never married respondents living and working within Metro Manila aged 30‐60 y/o. The Stress Questionnaire for Filipino Singles (SQFS) was developed and evaluated. The study focused mainly on the stressors, manifestations of stress, self‐management styles, and communal support groups. The stressors conferred to the family, workplace, society and personhood. The manifestations comprised of personal, financial, career/professional, physical, interpersonal, emotional and sexual factors. The self‐management styles composed of self‐acceptance, multiple inquisitive and consciousness, multiple responses, social and individuality acceptance, and intellectual aspirations. In view of the findings the following are the conclusions: 1) Environment or the people that surround the respondent are very important in one’s existence and happiness. Single individuals perceived themselves as a lonely person because of what the society dictates. 2) Single individuals are experiencing difficulties in managing their personal and family finances. 3) The “intellectual aspirations” self‐management style was not commonly used. Singles are not able to engage in knowledge‐based / professional action for changing the lives of the people, and lack intellectual stimulation for psycho‐social enhancement. 4) Single individuals usually do not seek support from their colleagues when stressful situations occur. 5) A Proposed Enhancement Program for Social Flexibility, Happiness, Financial Stability, Familial Support, Intellectual Styles, Self‐Reflection, and Communal Support Groups were developed.
274
ANGER RUMINATION SCALE: VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY OF THE TURKISH VERSION
Seydi Ahmet Satici, Ahmet Akin
Anadolu University
This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Anger Rumination Scale (Sukhodolsky, Golub & Cromwell 2001). The sample of study consists of 544 university students. Results of language equivalency showed that the correlations between Turkish and English forms were high (.66, .65, .68, and .81 for four subscales, respectively. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that this scale yielded four factors. The total variance explained was 52% and factor loadings ranged from .35 to .86. Fit index values of the model were RMSEA=.049, NFI=.96, CFI=.97, IFI=.97, RFI=.95, GFI= .94 and SRMR= .043. Internal consistency coefficients varied between .64‐.78 and test‐retest reliability coefficients varied between .79‐.86. Corrected item‐total correlations ranged .34 to .62. Thus Anger Rumination Scale can be used as a valid and reliable instrument in education and psychology. These results demonstrate that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
275
THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP SCALE BASED ON ANCIENT JAVANESE
LEADERSHIP CONCEPT (ASTA BRATA)
Wahyu Jati Anggoro, Mochamad As’ad
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aimofthis study was todevelop the ancient Javanese leadership concepts: AstaBrata,intopsychologicalmeasurement instruments. The research wasdividedintotwo‐level scenario, those are: 1.exploringconstructs ofAstaBrata leadership, 2. constructinginstruments for AstaBrataleadership. Constructexplorationcarried outby the content analysismethod on ancient Javanese textscontaining theteachings ofAstaBrata. AstaBratawhich meanseightattitudeis a leadership trait concept thatcomes from theteachings ofancient Javanesephilosophy. AstaBrataemulates thequalities ofleader based onthe eighttraitsof nature: earth, ocean, sky/stars,sun, moon, wind, waterand fire. Constructof leadershipas reflected in theseeightcharactersof naturewillbeconstructed in psychological scale items. Psychometricalproperties will also be evaluated, includingreliability estimation andconstructvalidity testing using factor analysis. The development of Asta Brata Leadership Scale will be a pioneer contribution in terms of leadership theorist and measurement based on the local wisdom. Keyword: Asta Brata, leadership, Javanese culture, psychological scale, confirmatory factor analysis
276
ABUSIVE SUPERVISION AND SUBORDINATE PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING
ROLE OF LEADER‐MEMBER EXCHANGE AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF POWER
DISTANCE ORIENTATION
Yu‐Ying Chen, Cheng Bor‐Shiuan
Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University
In the abusive supervision literature justice theory was often used to explain the influence of abusive supervision. However, not only the subordinates experienced injustice, but also the relationship quality between supervisors and subordinates should worsen while their supervisors were abusive. Therefore, in this study we focused on social exchange theory to investigate how abusive supervision influenced subordinate performance through leader‐member exchange (LMX). In addition, due to the different concepts about power, i.e. equal or unequal distribution of power in supervisor, we proposed that subordinate’s power distance orientation (PDO) may moderate the above relationship. Results from analyzing 300 Taiwanese supervisor‐subordinate dyads showed that LMX fully mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and subordinate performance; subordinate’s PDO moderated the above relationship such that the mediating influence of LMX occurred only when PDO was high; when PDO was low, LMX was not related to subordinate performance
277
THE STUDY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTENTION ON STUDENT OF UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN (UNPAD) AND ITS COMPETENCIES DEVELOPMENT TO ENHANCE
THE QUALITY OF THEIR LIFES
Yus Nugraha, Yuliani Arifin Padjadjaran University
The rate of intellectual unemployment is getting higher every year, almost a half a million students graduated from the universities all over the country; and nearly ten thousand graduates from UNPAD itself. The huge number of those students are job seekers with the small job opportunities available. They have to struggle and to compete with other friends, even with a classmate. Research had been conducted to 306 UNPAD’s students with stratified cluster sampling to elaborate the student’s intention on entrepreneurship and the factors which influence on it; this results could be benefited in order to develop the program and the next intervention accurately. This research also measure the influence of independent variable with non‐experimental design based on the theory of Planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991). In order to have more specific influence of three variables of entrepreneurship intention, we need to measure the direct and indirect measurements as well. The results show that almost 60% of the students have the strong intention, and only 40% categorized on moderate intention; while almost all students (98%) have positive attitude toward the attitude of entrepreneurship, and nearly two‐third (64%) the student felt of the present of the significant persons’ pressure to perform the entrepreneurship behavior and 81% of the subjects have the strong perceived controlled behavior to be confident as an entrepreneur. Key words : Entrepreneurship Intention, Entrepreneurship Student Program (PMW), Student of Unpad, Competency Development, Quality of Life.
278
SELF‐ACTUALIZATION SCALE FOR EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS Peter Howards R. Obias
Philippine Normal University
Self‐Actualization Scale for Educational Managers is a descriptive and instrument development research in cognizant for Filipino culture.The educational managers from the Philippine Normal University and its graduate students were the respondents. The components were: Physiological, Salary, Benefits, Status, Physical Safety, Workload, Work Setting, Temporal Factors, Working Condition, Autonomy, Goal‐Setting, Feedback Opportunities, Work Values, Power, Recognition, Achievement, Social Language Density, Affiliation, and Rootedness. The scales used: very often true of me – 5, often true of me – 4, sometimes true of me – 3, seldom true of me – 2, and not true of me ‐1. The self‐actualized components: Physiological, Rootedness, and Power; low components: Temporal Factors, Goal Setting, Status and Benefits. High indicators: maintains primarily needs, Effective in working, Realizes potentials, and Maintains secondary needs; Low indicators: Commitments to goal, Able to go traveling, and able to fulfill apostolate duties. The scale obtained very high: significance, internal consistency, correlation, and construct validity.
279
CONCEPTION OF HAPPINESS AND VALUES AMONG INDONESIA MIDDLE CLASS:
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Moh. AbdulHakim
University of Gadjah Mada
In the studies of social change in various countries, the middle class is identical to the role of value change in the society they live in. With the resources they have, they are able to access the values from the outside world and synthesize them with old ones, thus create new values that stimulates social change. In the Weberian perspective, the middle class is viewed as always oriented to attain freedom, selfactualization, rationality, and pragmatic life. How about middle class in Indonesia, are they still oriented to the harmonism of Indonesia culture or does it direct to liberalism of the Western? With the indigenous approach, this research attempted to investigate the values of Indonesian middle class that was reflected from the way they interpret the meaning of happiness as a psychological condition that becomes the peak of desire for all human beings. Were there any indications of new values amongst them? A number of 93 subjects were involved by criteria of their educational background (minimum level of graduate students) to describe the meaning of happiness for themselves. To understand the happy experiences of the subjects, I did a qualitative analysis to develop typology and find five main interpretation about happiness. They are: gratitude and nrimo (receiving) for what God has given, a state of peace at heart and mind, the feeling of affection, as a positive way of living, and prosperity. The result indicates that Indonesian middle class values is still rooted to Indonesian basic values, that is oriented to the transcendent values, personal and interpersonal harmony.
Keywords: Indonesia middle class, happiness, values, indigenous psychology, harmonism
280
NGAYAH : A BALINESE DANCER’S FLOW
Mahargyantari Dewi, Hendro Prabowo, Sang Putu Adi Sanjaya,
I Ketut Kodi
Gunadarma University
Bali is the most of the art and culture island in the archipelago, where art, culture and religion are living side by side. Balinese dancing is performed in order to a ritual or an art performance for tourism. This paper interviewed two maestro of the Balinese dancers and showed that when the Balinese dancers perform, actually they already do breath work. They feel enjoy, spirit of ngayah (feel sincere in Balinese culture), as a service religion to God. They feel challenge to be the winner in competition of dance and they feel happy when they won, that’s in Psychology we use term flow. Ngayah, as a sincere working, is a fundamental state of the Balinese dancer’s flow involving present moment and unity to the universe. As consequence, the dancer will get an inner taksu (charisma).
281
CONSEPTION OF HAPPINESS IN INDONESIA: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim,
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
University of Gadjah Mada
Happiness is what everyone desire (Argyle, 2001). People strive for happiness (lu & Gilmour, 2004) and aim their hope on it (Chan & Lee, 2006). This study aimed to explore about adolescents happiness in Indonesia. Data collection was conducted on 467 high school students (male = 190, female = 269 and 8 students do not mention sex) that complements the open‐ended questionnaire that was developed by Kim (2008). The data was categorized, open coded, axial coded, and then analyzed descriptively. The results show that there are three elements of the source of happiness in the adolescents, namely (1) Relationships with others (50.1%), which consists of events related to family, relationships with friends and love and be loved events (2) The fullness of the self (32.67% ) which consists of events related to the attainment/achievement, use of leisure time and money. (3) Relationship with God (9.63%), which consists of spiritual events that involve adolescents relationship with God and gratitude. Relationships with others become the largest contributor to adolescent happiness in Indonesia. Keywords: happiness, adolescent, indigenous
282
THE INFLUENCE OF PEERS ON HAPPINESS AND SADNESS OF INDONESIAN
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli, Moh. Abdul Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti
Uichol Kim
University of Gadjah Mada
The current study aimed to investigate with whom Indonesian adolescents shared their happiness and sadness. Using an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008), 438 senior high school students were asked to answer “With whom you shared happiness? With whom you shared sadness? How is the relationship?”. The qualitative data were categorized exploring the themes through content analysis which was then cross tabulated. The result demonstrated that respondents view that they shared happiness with the following people: (i) friends, (ii) family, (iii) close person, and (iv) other person. While sadness, they shared with the following person: (i) friends, (ii) family, (iii) no one, (iv) close person, and (v) unspecified person. The data shows that both happiness and sadness they usually shared with friends and family. Therefore we conclude that peers plays an important role to elicit the positive and negative emotion of Indonesian adolescents. Keyword: Happiness, sadness, adolescents, friends, indigenous psychology
283
PEOPLE WHO MAKE ADOLESCENTS SAD: AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Diah Ayuningtyas, Laurensia Aptik Evanjeli
Gadjah Mada University
This study aimed to explore who make adolescents sad. Data were collected through questionnaires in the form of open‐ended question using indigenous psychology approach. Then it were analyzed with sequential exploratory mixed‐method analysis using qualitative thematic analysis and assisted by descriptive quantitative analysis including chi‐square analysis. There is a significant difference between male and female adolescence in viewing who makes them sad, while females chose close people, males had no one that made them sad. Close person is found to be the ones who make adolescents sad (38,26%), consisted of friend, best friend, loved ones, unspecified close person, boyfriend/girlfriend, ex, and ex‐crush. The second dominant answer is ‘no one’ (31,69%), which indicates that they tend to avoid blaming others for their sadness. Therefore, this study will explore the sad moment in life from the same subjects to get the full understanding of this concern. The results will be discussed further in a comprehensive manner.
284
HAPPINESS OF THE JAVANESE ELDERLY
Yopina G. Pertiwi, Guntur Cahyo Utomo, Johana Endang Prawitasari,
Sri Mulyani Martaniah
University of Gadjah Mada
What is happiness? What factors determine happiness? Those were the main research questions underlying this study. Nonetheless, happiness is not universal as it is influenced by culture and individual’s subjective experiences. Realizing this idea, investigation of happiness in this study was focusing on the experiences of the Javanese elderly. Ten Javanese elderly of 65 – 95 years old participated in FGD and the in‐depth interview to explore happiness. Findings suggested that there were four main factors influence happiness of the Javanese elderly, i.e. the fulfillment of basic needs, fulfillment of affiliation needs, opportunities for routine activities, and the family achievements. Those four factors were mediated by factor of positive thinking in determining happiness of the Javanese elderly. The role of SES and the collectivistic cultural context will be discussed in this paper.
285
WHAT THE MOST PROBLEMS MAKE ADOLESCENT ANGRY IN INDONESIA? AN
EXPLORATION STUDY TO INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Ardi Primasari, Moordiningsih, Moh. Abdul Hakim,
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
University of Gadjah Mada
Modern psychologists view anger as a primary, natural, and mature emotion experienced by virtually all humans at times. Uncontrolled anger causes negatively affect personal or social wellbeing (Novaco, 2000). This study aimed to explore what the most problems that makes adolescents being angry. Data collection was conducted on 266 (female: 169, male: 97) senior high school students in Indonesia that complete the open‐ended questions that was developed by Kim & Berry (2008). The data was categorized, open coded, axial coded, and then analyzed descriptively. There result show that there are four problems that make adolescent angry: Relationship Problems (69%), Self‐Bad Performance (12%), Unexpected Conditions (12%) and Material Problems (7%). Relationship Problems become the most causes that makes adolescent angry in Indonesia. Keyword: angry, adolescent, indogenous
286
“ARE FANS HAPPY? OR IS THIS THE WRONG QUESTION?” (RANDOM INSIGHTS FROM A DECADE OF INTERVIEWS WITH PEOPLE WHO DESCRIBE THEMSELVES AS
FANS)
Daniel Pawley Azusa Pacific University
Most fans will tell an ethnographic interviewer that what they like, what they do with what they like, and what (or whom) they organize their lives around, makes them happy. Such cultural consumers, moreover, are summarily comprehended by the underlying wisdom of Uses and Gratifications Theory and other binaries that describe how fans can be seen as finders of the meaning they seek through products of media and culture. Fans use and are gratified. They hurt and are comforted. They are dislocated and then reconnected. They find release from internal hostility, identification from inner isolation, and empowerment from inner hunger. But do any of these binaries make a persuasive case for the idea that what fans do brings them forms of actual lived happiness? And if so, what kind(s) of happiness would that be? If not, then is happiness the correct descriptive term to apply to the lives of people who describe themselves as fans? This presentation approaches basic questions of happiness by synthesizing fan comments from 10 years of data collection, 20 years of fan theory, and up‐to‐date material from the literatures of neuroscience and mass media emotion.
287
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HAPPINESS AMONG KOREAN
ADULTS:WITH SPECIFIC FOCUS ON PARENTS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, MIDDLE
SCHOOL, HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Sun YoungBaak, Uichol Kim, Young‐Shin Park
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to examine happiness among parents of Korean students using indigenous psychological analysis. A total of 1970 parents of elementary school students=538, middle school students=540, high school students=422, and university students=470 completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim and Park (2009). The results are as follows. First, respondents reported that they are most happy when there is harmony in the family, followed by having given birth to their children, when they are healthy, and for their personal achievement. Second, they reported being unhappy when there is conflict in the family, followed by health problems, financial problems, none, and emotional problems. Third, in order to be happy, they listed self‐regulation, followed by maintaining harmonious family, maintaining good health, maintaining harmonious relations, and having financial security. Fourth, as for the most important factor influencing happiness, they listed harmony in the family, followed by health, self‐regulation, and emotional well‐being. Keywords: happiness, indigenous psychology, harmonious family, self‐regulation, harmonious relations
288
”I’M FEEL CLOSE BECAUSE I’M RESPECT HIM OR I’M RESPECT HIM SO I’M FEEL
CLOSE TO HIM”:
HOW ADOLESCENTS AND ADULT PERCEIVED CLOSENESS TO THEIR FATHER IN
INDONESIA
Bimo Dwi Atmojo, Imam Setyawan
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
It is widely recognized that parenting plays an important role in influencing the development of children and adolescents. The majority of research on parenting, however, has focused on mothers, and minimal attention has been paid to fathers. In this study, we examined whether closeness is the reason makes child respect their father or vice versa. This study focused on the children’s point of view about their relationship with their father. The data was taken from 1523 university students (male = 479 ; female = 1044) at Diponegoro University completed an open–ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Mixed methods, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, were using during data analysis. The results showed that most respond closeness because their father become motivator. At the other hand, adolescents respect of their father because father fulfilling an ideal figure 448 (29,22%), and his sacrifice for his child’s life 408 (26,61%). The result will be discussed later.
Key words: closeness, respect, adolescents, adult, father‐child relationship
289
WHY THE EXPERIENCE OF FAILURE AND THE EXPERIENCE OF LOSING LOVED
ONES MADE BALINESE ADOLESCENTS SAD?INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
David Hizkia Tobing
University of Udayana
Sadness is an emotion characterized by feelings of disadvantage, loss, helplessness, and sorrow. When sad, people often become outspoken, less energetic, and emotional. Crying is an indication of sadness. Sadness can be viewed as a temporary lowering of mood, whereas depression is characterized by a persistent and intensely lowered mood, as well as disruption of one's ability to function in day to day matters. Adolescence is the phase where a child begins build self‐identity and role identity independently from their parents. The purpose of this first research is to discover how Balinese adolescents understands the concept of sadness. Using an open‐ended happiness questionnaire developed by Kim (2010), this research samples undergraduate students at university of Udayana, Bali. Our methodology analyses responses, and codes them to develop several categories. The results of this first study show that there are four major sources of sadness in Balinese adolescents: (1) the experience of failure, related to achievement (29.7%), (2) the experience of losing loved ones from death (25.6%), and (3) being lonely (13.5%). This study still related of previous research studies that will focus to find out the reason why failures related with the achievement and the loss of a loved one become a major contributor that made Balinese adolesence sad. The expected results of this research results there are cultural explanations to explain two major contributors that made Balinese adolescents sad. Detailed results and implications will be discussed in the context of Balinese culture.
Keywords: Balinese Adolescents, Sadness experience of failure, the experience of losing loved ones.
290
WHY ACHIEVEMENTS BRING HAPPINESS TO BALINESE ADOLESCENCE?
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama Wicaksana Putra,
Putu Srie Wedha Yanthi, Ni Putu Intan WJ
University of Udayana
Happiness is something that wanted by all people. On each individual the reason of happiness can be different one another. Refer from earlier research conducted by Pratama and Supriyadi(2010) on Balinese adolescence, the main reason of Happiness on Balinese adolescence come from the experience of achievement. The purpose of this research is to analyze what concept make achievement became the main reason for brings happiness to Balinese adolescence. Sample of this research consist of 42(males: 18; females: 23; not mentioned: 1) undergraduate students in Bali and the data collection conduct with the open‐ended happiness questionnaire develop by Kim (2010). Method of Data Analysis of this study by analyzing the response of subject categorizes the respond and coding the result. The result of this study found three major reason why achievement bring happiness to Balinese Adolescence : (1) Because they can beatify their parents (28.6%), (2) It Improve their Self‐Esteem (21.4%) and (3) They found it to be challenging for them(16.7%). Detailed result and implication will be discussed further.
Keywords: Happiness, Achievements, Balinese, adolescence, Indigenous Psychology
291
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN RELIGIOUSITY AND STRESS WITH PYCHOLOGICAL
WELL BEING IN ADOLESCENT IN PONDOK PESANTREN ASSALAFI AL‐FITHRAH,
SURABAYA
Rahmawati Dwi Anggraeni, Diana Rahmasari
Departement of Psychology University of Surabaya
The purposes of this study is to reveal : (1) the correlation between religiousity and psychological well being of the adolescent in Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al Fihtrah, Surabaya, (2) the correlation between stress and psychological well being of the adolescent in Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al fithrah, Surabaya, and (3) the correlation of religiousity, stress, and psychological well being of the adolescent in Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al fithrah, Surabaya. The method of this study is a correlational quantitative by using three scales which are; religiousity scale, stress scale, and psychological well being scale. Researcher chose 77 students in Pondok Pesantren Assalafi Al Fithrah, Surabaya and they were selected using random sampling technique. Data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear reggresion analysis test. The result of this study showed that : (1) religiousity has significant correlation with psychological well being, with positive direction of correlation which can be seen from the level of significance which was 0,000 and the reggresion coefficients was 0,559 (2) stress has significant correlation with psychological well being in the negative direction of correlation which can be seen from the level of significance of 0.000 and the regression coefficient of ‐0,460; and (3) the Rsquare value is 0,593, which is mean that the 59,3% of variation in psychological well being is influenced by the religiousity and stres, and the rest of 40,7% is cause by another variable which is not measured in this research. The correlation between religiousity and stress with psychological well being is known having a significant correlation with 0,000 of significance value. Keyword : religiousity, stress, psychological well being, adolescent.
292
MENYAMA BRAYA” PADA KEBAHAGIAAN ORANG BALI :
PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI INDIGENOUS
Nyoman Wiraadi Tria Ariani, Astuti Wijayanti
Yohanes K. Herdianto
University of Udayana
Kebahagiaan merupakan konsep yang mengacu pada emosi positif yang dirasakan individu (Seligman, 2005). “Menyama braya” adalah salah satu kearifan lokal Bali yaitu suatu cara hidup yang memperlakukan orang lain seperti saudara sendiri (Damayana, 2005). Dengan “menyama braya” orang Bali dapat berkumpul serta membangun hubungan sosial yang mengarah pada kebahagiaan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hal apa saja yang dapat memberikan kebahagiaan pada orang Bali yang terkait dengan “menyama braya”.
Metode pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner yang diadaptasi dari open‐ended questionnaire mengenai kebahagiaan (Kim, 2010). Responden dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 60 orang Bali asli yang tinggal di Denpasar dan Payangan.
Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif dengan melakukan kategorisasi terhadap jawaban yang diberikan responden. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam penelitian ini ialah “menyama braya” pada kebahagiaan orang Bali paling dominan terjadi ketika berkumpul dengan keluarga besar.
Kata kunci : “menyama braya”, kebahagiaan, Bali, Indigenous
293
SELF‐EFFICACY AND EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR GIFTED
Najlatun Naqiyah
Surabaya State University
This research was conducted largely due to the curiousity of the Author, that happen to be employed as Educational Counselor at UNESA, which keeps goading her to uncover the self‐efficacy and educational development for gifted. More specifically, the research question was, how level of self‐efficacy influences each student’s study habits into a more self‐directed manner, so that these more concerted efforts could bring about higher and higher academic achievement, that would propel each student toward the attainment of their respective academic goals (Bandura, 1997). Therefore, this research was intented to empirically show, wheather self‐efficacy and academic motivation for gifted student.
Teaching for gifted student needs adequate treatment and well preparation of teachers. A gifted student needs more attention than ordinary students. Gifted is deemed as one whose hardworking character. The characteristic of gifted students, in common, is to own intelligence above their peers, and have more creativity and easily comprehend subjects. Yet the negative side shows that they would be bored in short term for single method put in work by teachers; they would be influenced in ease by their peers, and less commitment in working their task.
Teachers would need to radically improve the quality of their instruction in order to foster deep understanding of their respective subjects, by maximizing (a) meaningfulness and (b) usefulness being sensed by the students on the process and outcome while they are being engaged along their learning experiences, which could nurture the Joy of Learning.
294
SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR STRESS REDUCTION ON WOMAN IMIGRANT WORKERS
Intan Rahmawati
Brawijaya University
Since the economic crisis, a very high interest to be women imigrant workers are from the lower layers of society that in fact only elementary‐school‐educated workers to become real is inseparable from socio‐economic conditions of those who tend to be very difficult to compete for jobs in the country. They think, become women imigrant workers is one of the easiest and quickest alternative for them to earn income that can be used as stock entrepreneurial venture in the future and support her family in her hometown. Educational background of relatively very low, high economic needs, culture shock and wide‐open opportunity for the Indonesian women workers has resulted in many of their quick glare on the lure of the dollar and the chance to live better. They are easy targets of human trafficking or prostitution. Furthermore, in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, the need for social environment is slowly beginning to rise. Humans are not able to stand alone, man during his life will show interdependence with one another for survival in the future.
Migrant workers with their problems, not individuals capable of resolving their own problems. They need our collective role as social support in order to minimize their stress levels.
295
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SINCRETISM AMONG JAVANESE ‐ MUSLIM
IN SURABAYA: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Marselius Sampe Tondok, Nita Trisnawati
University of Surabaya
Syncretism as an attempt to merge two religious beliefs/practices or more is easy to find among the Javanese‐Muslim in Surabaya and surrounding areas. This study aims to: (1) describe the syncretic behaviors of the Javanese‐Muslim, and (2) determine the factors that influence the behavior of such syncretism. The subject of this study (N = 85; consisted of 39 men and 46 women) are adherents of Muslim and is derived from the Javanese, who selected based on purposive and snowball sampling. Technique of data analysis using descriptive analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) Result of descriptive analysis shown that the most performed syncretic behaviors are “slametan” rituals for newborns as well as pregnancy and the death of family member. Furthermore, the exploratory factor analysis shown that there are five factors influencing syncretism among Javanese‐Muslim, namely: (1) fidelity to tradition as the implementation of personal benefits and positive attitude, (2) status and social identity, (3) the influence of a model of social change, (4) self‐awareness in tradition, and (5) social compliance.
Key words: syncretism, Javanese‐Muslim, influencing factors, factory analysis.
296
BALINESE ADOLESCENT IDENTITY OF "WANGSA" AND CAUSE OF ANGRY:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY APPROACH
Yohanes K.Herdiyanto
University of Udayana
“Catur wangsa” is the local social categorized in Bali basically in cultural and religion (Bali‐Hinduism) tradition. Every Balinese has the "wangsa" identity in their name that indicates social categorization in society. This study aims to explore how the identity of "wangsa" could cause Balinese adolescent angry.
This study is a follow‐up study to previous research on the causes of Balinese adolescent angry. This study used a qualitative research method and data collection technique using a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and depth interview to more explore the previous research finding. Participants in this study are Balinese undergraduate students. Data of this study will be analyzed using thematic coding.
Expected results of this study are to found a connection between identities of “wangsa” with the cause of Balinese adolescent angry. Detailed results and implications will be discussed in the context of Balinese culture.
Keywords: “wangsa”, adolescence, angry, indigenous
297
FORGIVENESS PROCESS IN PEOPLE WHO HAVE BAD NURTURING PARENTS
Stefanus Soejanto Sandjaja dan Sri Florina Laurence Zagötö
Krida Wacana Christian University
Bad nurturing parents provide experiences and negative feelings are stored in the memory of children and cause adverse effects up to adulthood. A bad nurturing influence difficulties at individual and relationships with parents and perceived as pain and cause suffering for the individual. One way that can be done to overcome them through the process of forgiveness. This study aims to obtain a complete picture on real state of the individual in her suffering, discovery of meaning, and the process of forgiveness that has been going on self nurturing individuals who have bad parents. The research method used was qualitative methods and consists of three women with the varied subject of different ages. The study explains that the process of forgiveness can take place because of the existence of a meaning that is found in an individual suffering, so as to bring to happiness and life meaningful.
Key words: The Process of Forgiveness, Bad Nurturing Parents, and Meaning of
Suffering.
298
SELF IDENTITY AS CHINESE INDONESIAN AND POSITIVE LIFE ATTITUDES
Kurnia Setiawan, Ninawati
Each individual is born with specific traits that make him a unique one. These traits show the self identity of each individual. Self identity refers to the self acknowledgment being someone. It is also self identity that makes someone being treated specially or being discriminated. In Indonesia, the Chinese Indonesians often get discrimination from others, who are non Chinese Indonesians. This research is about the Chinese Indonesians who regardless being discriminated they still want to do something meaningful and develop this country, carrying their identity as Chinese Indonesian. They deal with many areas of interests, including social and politics. The research design is qualitative. The method used was in‐depth interview. The subjects were chosen by purposive sampling methods, with 8 total subjects, aged 20‐40 years old. The result of this research shows that all subjects had experienced being discriminated, directly or indirectly. Nevertheless, they still show the spirit of life and have positive life attitudes.
Keywords: self identity, positive life attitudes, Chinese Indonesian
299
LIFE SATISFACTION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS FROM
AMBON AND NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR ETHNIC
Christiana Hari Soetjiningsih
Satya Wacana Christian University
International surveys of life satisfaction show consistent mean level differences across nations (Inglehart & Klingemann, 2000). According to Diener, Oishi, and Lucas (2003) there are differences between nations, and between ethnic groups within nations. Is is very important to verify the result because there is little literature on this topic that may be applied to ethnic groups in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are differences in life satisfaction between university students from Ambon and Nusa Tenggara Timur ethnic. The respondent of this study consisted of 32 Ambon students and 24 Nusa Tenggara Timur students of Satya Wacana Christian University. The data were obtained through the administration of Life Satisfaction Scale modified by researcher from Huebener’s Multidimensional Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale. Descriptive statistic and t‐test procedures were used to analyze the data. The result of the t‐test shows that there are no significant differences in life satisfaction between Ambon (M = 110,93) and Nusa Tenggara Timur (M = 112,50) students. The result also shows that friend and family is important causal factors that made they happy. The detail results and implications of the findings will be discussed later. Keywords: life satisfaction, university students, ethnic
300
FINDING MEANING OF LIFE TOWARDS WORK
AND ACHIEVEMENT IN CHINESE INDONESIAN
Meiske Yunithree Suparman, Ninawati
As a plural nation, Indonesian has various ethnics. This variety of ethnics causes the terms: majority and minority, including in social and politics issues. Although Chinese is the biggest immigrant ethnic and has lived in Indonesia since centuries ago, the Chinese Indonesians are often treated as the minority in Indonesia, with discriminations. This research focused on the Chinese Indonesians who bravely go through the stereotype and discrimination, and deal with various field of job to show their ability in work and achievements, together with the native Indonesian. This research is a qualitative research, using in‐depth interview method. The respondents are 6, age ranged between 30‐40 years old. The result shows that the respondents have positive life attitudes and find their meaning of lives through their experiences and relationships with others, despite of the negative treatment they got because of their Chinese Indonesian identity. They also show great achievements in their work. Keywords: meaning of life, work, achievement, Chinese Indonesian
301
HAPPINESS AND RESILIENCE CONSTRUCT OF MERAPI REFUGEES :
APPLYING OF PSYCHOLOGY FOR DISASTER
Listyo Yuwanto, Gunadi Atmadji, Agnes Fellicia Budiman,
Karolina Arif
University of Surabaya
Mount Merapi eruption causes a decrease in happiness for refugees. This condition requires resilience efforts. This research is participatory action research, research objectives describe psychological conditions (happiness) of refugees and provide treatment (social intervention) as a form of resilience. Methods of data collection using observation and interviews of 15 refugees in a shelter Merapi. The results showed that the construction of Merapi refugees happiness consists of family harmony, tetepungan (either by a village neighbor who is also regarded as a brother), enough material to everyday life, and health. Decrease in happiness due to the loss of several sources of happiness such as economic insecurity, health deterioration, loss of family and neighbors. Form of resilience that carried out economic empowerment, health, environment and society in the form of health education, composting, making chocolate pasta‐making body scrub, massage therapy, tamanisasi shelter, catharsis for refugees, and occupational therapy. The forms of resiliency efforts in expediency and effectiveness can help to increase the happiness of Merapi refugees who become research subjects. Keywords : Happiness, resilience, Merapi refugees
302
FIRST AID AS PART OF PREPAREDNESS TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND POST‐EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI MENTAWAI
ISLANDS
AdelinaSimatupang, Angela Puspita
Institute Research for Community Development
If the Sick waiting for Dead only" this statement out of the Mentawai people who live in the outer island of West Sumatra.Limited knowledge and access to services and knowledge about health and treatment of psychological problems after the earthquake and tsunami in 2010. That’s to make people let go and accept the fact that they will die if sick, and the work done on the healing process is through local wisdom such as the belief that God is heal, and using young coconut leaves and traditional materials. As the area affected by the earthquake and tsunami, the Mentawai people believed the natural signs of impending earthquakes and tsunamis like the fruit when the season of excess, and is believed an earthquake would occur the morning. The birds at sea away from the beach and right down to the ground.And if the signs of the season if the disease is believed an earthquake would occur at night. With knowledge of the symptoms and signs of this nature, the social capital of the Mentawai people to conduct preparedness for natural disasters are always a threat to them, just how people equipped with knowledge of first aid to personal safety, and distance themselves from the impact severe psychological effect of natural disasters. Promotion of first aid for physical and psychological health was conducted in 4 village and hamlet in the 22 to the shape of training of trainers who in practice by physicians and practitioners of psychology, so the results showed an increase in knowledge of and preparedness for handling acts of physical and psychological First Aid by 27% before and after a training of trainers (ToT).
303
THE EFFECT OF NEUROTICISM AND PERCEIVED STRESS ON MARITAL
SATISFACTION: ACTOR‐PARTNER INTERDEPENDENCE MODEL
Yonathan Aditya
Universitas Pelita Harapan
Carlo Magno
De La Salle University
The present study tested the effect of neuroticism, and internal perceived stress on marital satisfaction among Christian couples in Indonesia. The effects of neuroticism and internal perceived stress on marital satisfaction were investigated using an actor partner interdependence model (APIM) and the calculation was done with structural equation modeling (SEM). Self‐report data were collected from 203 couples in Indonesia. The results showed that internal perceived stress and neuroticism were the predictors of their respective marital satisfaction for both husbands and wives. Moreover, husbands’ and wives’ marital satisfaction were affected by their spouse level of neuroticism only. Husbands’ and wives’ level of internal perceived stress did not have significant effect on their spouses’ level of marital satisfaction. The implications of the findings were discussed.
Keywords: Marital Satisfaction, Neuroticism, Internal Perceived Stress, APIM, Indonesia.
304
THE EFFECT OF MULTILEVEL SUPPORT GROUP TO IMPROVE FACILITATING SKILL
AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AIDS
Dyah Ayu Kartika
Gadjah Mada University
Support Group Intervention among people living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA) may improves their concerns for their peer which is visible during facilitating process in small groups. The presence of trained and skilled facilitators help PLWHA to receive supports that may improve their life qualities. The form of Support Group Intervention used in this study was derived from Multilevel Helping approach. Participants for this study were 18 (n=18) PLWHA who were randomly chosen from eight HIV AIDS communities that were parts of an NGO in Yogyakarta. Participants were divided into two groups. Six participants were assigned to the core group and the rest of 12 participants were assigned to the downliner group for continuation purpose of the intervention on second lining. The study was carried out for two months. It used one group pretest‐posttest design without control group. The effectivity of the training program was measured using facilitating skills checklist which reliability was 0,965. Results showed that average score of participants' facilitating skill before the workshop was 21.33 and after workshop was 28.66 with difference in improvement of 7.33. Average score of the participants’ facilitated experience before the workshop was 17.41 and it increased up to 26.16 after the workshop. The core group participants’ average score of knowledge on social support increased from 57 after the first workshop up to 67.83 after the second workshop.
Key Words: Facilitating skills for people living with HIV AIDS, social support, multilevel approach model
305
INDIGENOUS STUDY OF INDUSTRIAL TOURISM IMPACT TO BALINESE
ADOLESCENT
Yohanes K. Herdiyanto
University of Udayana
Bali Island is one of the 10 best islands destination in the world based on the "world's best awards 2011" (Travel + Leisure magazine, 2011). As a local people who lived in the most favorite Island in the world, Balinese impacted by the culture change that comes from the interaction between tourists (both foreign and domestic) with local community (host) (Pearce, 2005). Adolescents, as part of the local community, also experienced the impact of the cultural changes caused by the development of the tourism industry in Bali (Laksmiwati, 1999). This study is a preliminary study aimed to determine attitudes toward Balinese adolescent and tourism industry and also want to find out what are the impacts of tourism for them. Methods of data collection by distributed an open‐ended questionnaire to 150 college students in Bali, then to explore the findings by using a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and depth interview. The analytical technique used a categorization response from respondents and thematic coding. The expected result of this study is we can find out how the attitude of Balinese adolescent toward tourism industry and the impacts of tourism industry toward Balinese adolescent. Detailed results and implications will be discussed in the context of Balinese culture.
Keywords: adolescents, tourism, psychological impact, cultural, and Bali
306
DOES PARENTAL PRESSURE, LIVING AREA, AND ADOLESCENTS CULTURE
IDENTIFICATION HAVE INFLUENCE ON THEIR HAPPINESS?
Gani Aji Prihantoro, Cahyani Indah Triani
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Happiness is our final goal living in this life. Happiness influenced by many factors. One of the factors that influences happiness is parental pressure. This study aimed to explore adolescents happiness in Semarang, Central Java. In this study, 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (479 males, 1044 females, and 10 unspecified) were asked to complete open‐ended questionaire about Parent‐child Relations developed by Kim (2010). Based on result of this study, almost all of kind of pressure whose given by both parents are the same. But there is extra kind of pressure which given by mother, they are have to be optimism person (6 respondents or 0,39%), obeying mother (32 respondents or 2,08%), and mental pressure (20 respondents or 1,31%). Out of 1533 respondents, 907 respondents (59,17%) are lived in boarding house, 458 respondents (29,87%) are lived with their parent, , and 64 respondents (4,17%) are lived in their relatives’s house. Beside that, 691 of them (45,07%) state that they feel quite attached with their culture identification, 564 of them (36,79%) feel attached with their culture identification, and 143 of them (9,33%) are feel very attached with their culture identification. Further analysis will be discussed later.
Key words: parental pressure, happiness, adolescent, living area, culture identification
307
SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING AND RESILIENCE OF NEW UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Fitri Andriani
Airlangga University
There is a trend lately that the number of university students’ graduation which is over 5 years increases, and therefore the number of students who finish their study behind the schedule is raising as well. On the other hand, these students should have good cognitive ability as they are students who have successfully passed strong competition to enter a public university. Considering this condition, Some questions are delivered here asking about other aspects of noncognitive that would give impact to students’ success. This research starts to quest, “How is the psychological condition of new university students?”, “how will this condition affect students’ success in learning?” Based on these questions, this research aims at understanding psychological aspects of new university students, including subjective wellbeing and resilience. These aspects are important to be investigated in new students as these are potential aspects of the students that would determine proper developmental programs in the future based on their recent potency. The knowledge of these aspects would be useful to minimalise the obstructions that could hinder their study. The result shows that new students have good resilience and subjective well being, in which mostly above the average. Also there is a significant correlation between resilience and subjective well being among them. Students with low resilience will have low subjective well being and vice versa. When additional variables such as sex and birth sequence are included in the investigation, the result shows no difference in resilience and subjective well being. Nevertheless, it is interesting that mid‐child has the lowest subjective well being compared with the other birth sequence (i.e., oldest child, youngest, and only child). The condition above still cannot explain the high number of students who have more than 5 years study time. But at least, this study provides a picture about new students input and information for individual development (especially for the academic supervisors). Key words : subjective well being, resilience, new students.
308
WHY SCHOOLING?: EXPLORING PARENTS’ MOTIVES IN SCHOOLING THEIR
CHILDREN
Anita Listiara, Jati Ariati
Diponegoro University
We believe that school is a place that children can practice many skills in order to adapt in communities. In schools children can learn rules, norms, and interact with other students about a day to day life. But, in recent years many parents which enrolled their children to elementary school seem worried of their children’s performance. Some of them think that their children have a poor performance in reading and writing.. These phenomena provoke some of parents to use private institutions or private teachers in improving their children’s academic performance and grade. Children whose poor grade in school then become not a good boy or a good girl. Suddenly, good grades matters. From this phenemenon there are many possibilities can occur as reasons to the main research question, that is, what is the specific reason of most of Indonesian parents in letting their children to go to school. We conduct this research in qualitative approach. The aim of this study is to explore parents’ motives in schooling their children. We’re sure that the local wisdom of Indonesian parents will show or describe some unique or specific reasons. Keywords: schooling, parents’ motives, elementary school
309
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAPPINESS, LIFE SATISFACTION AND DEPRESSION
AMONG SCHOOL‐GOING ADOLESCENTS IN KOTA KINABALU, SABAH, MALAYSIA
Ferlis Bahari, Prof. Dr. Rosnah Ismail, Prof. Dr. Vincent Pang, Prof. Dr. Chua Bee
Seok, Dr. Murnizam Halik
University of Malaysia Sabah
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between happiness, life satisfaction and depression among school‐going adolescents in the city of Kota Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia. A total of 250 youth from various ethnic groups were taken as respondents. Respondents were distributed with questionnaires that cover happiness (Subjective Happiness Scale, SHC), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS) and depression (Beck Depression Index‐II, BDI‐II). Analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics and also Cronbach Alpha reliability test were carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17.0. The results showed there was significant relationship between happiness and satisfaction with living with depression. In addition, the findings showed there was a significant positive relationship between happiness and life satisfaction. In line with the results obtained, a number of implications and recommendations are also presented.
Keywords: Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Depression
310
INDIGENOUS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF MATERNAL
PRESSURES
ON ADOLESCENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
Mother‐adolescents relationship may influence the teenager’s life. Involvement of the mother somehow bring pressures. It has been suggested that pressures from parents may lead in order to conform with cultural ideals (Krones et al. 2005). This study was aimed to analyzed the impact of maternal pressures on adolescents academic achievement. The participants were 1523 adolescents (male = 479 ; female =1044). An open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) was used to gain data.They were asked of type of pressures that their mother gave to them and their GPA at identity background. From content analysis, categorization, and cross‐tabulations, we found that pressureachievement (42%) perceived by adolescents from their mother, as the same time adolescentssaw pressure that theri mother gave to them as a positive pressure (42,2%). Implications of the results on their academic achievement will be discussed later. Key words: maternal pressures, adolescents, academic achievements
311
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE SELF‐EFFICACYON LIFE STRESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Liang‐Chih Chang
Department of Living Science, National Open University
This study examined the effects of an exercise self‐efficacy‐based intervention on life stress among older adults. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the treatment (n = 30) or control group (n = 30). The same physical activities were provided in the treatment and control group, whereas an exercise self‐efficacy‐based intervention was only offered in the treatment group. The intervention included performance accomplishments, vicarious learning, verbal encouragement, and physiological and emotional responses toward the activities. Before this trial was carried out, pretest data were collected by a life stress scale. Posttest data were collected by the same scale after the trial. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that the intervention significantly influenced life stress. Implications of the results are discussed.
312
APPROACHING HIDDEN FATHERS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SYNDROME:
MEN’S PERSPECTIVE IN TAIWAN
Sheauer Chen
National Taiwan Normal University
The goal of this paper aims at understanding men’s perspective on ways of approaching and encouraging fathers who experience difficulties in accepting their children with Autism and stay in a hidden corner-avoiding talking about having a child with autism, avoiding attendance on parental role activities, absent from autism specific program or isolating from community. The study use in‐depth and long‐term interview to collect data, and data were analyzed qualitatively. Fifteen fathers in Taiwan were invited in the long‐term interview. Major themes presented and discussed in the paper include: Signs to show fathers of autistic children who are in the hidden corner; What could be attributed to the reason why those fathers hidden from their parental role; Ways of approaching to those fathers in a considerate way that fit men’s culture and world in Taiwan and Ways of encouraging and empowering to those fathers from men’s perspective.
313
IMPLICIT THEORIES OF HUMILITY AND MODESTY IN KOREA
Sang Yup Choo, Ji Jun Lim, Moon Lim
Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University
This study was conducted to investigate the constructs of humility and modesty as a character strength employing implicit methodology in Korea. In Study 1, for 193 Korean people we compiled 273 and 252 items about humility and modesty from free‐listing tasks. We reduced them to 62 and 89 items of six and seven categories through the contents analysis. In study 2, we asked 430 undergraduate students to complete a questionnaire including 62 and 89 characteristics made to a nine‐point scale. Data from this survey were analyzed by factor analysis. As a result, we found four factors both in humility and modesty. That is, sincerity, being naive, not being boastful and being altruistic in humility, and being smart, sincerity, passivity and being altruistic in modesty appeared. These results were not completely consistent with those in Western studies and we discussed the reason of the differences in terms of cultural perspective.
314
EMOTIONAL WELLNESS FOR QUALITY LIFE
Surendra Nath Dubey, Ph.D.
Department of Psychology Avadh University
In the present world of globalization most of us frequently feel worried, anxious and confused about priorities. We feel time pressed, tired, frustrated and poor work‐life balance. This situation arises because we are not emotionally well. Emotional wellness would mean feeling happy, alive and thriving. We develop greater authenticity, are able to expand our circle of trust and stretch our capabilities and when mistakes happen we are readily able to forgive others and ourselves if we are emotionally well. How we feel emotionally at any point in time depends, on how we happen to be thinking then, or what cognitions were predominant at that time. The paper is intended to focus on working of emotional mind and how cognitive distortions negatively affect our emotional wellness. Besides highlighting the need of emotional wellness in order to develop in to a fully functioning personality it will show that how emotional wellness can be cultivated
315
MOTHER‐CHILD CONFLICT BASED ON MOTHER’S AGE, EDUCATION LEVEL AND
OCCUPATION: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Bimo Dwi Atmojo; Karyono
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
Adolescence although no longer thought of as necessarily a period of “storm and stress” (Arnett, 1999), remains a period of heightened negative emotionality both in terms of individuals’ experience and in interactions with others, particularly with parents. Eventhough mother is a central figure to her child’s life, doesn’t guarantee will not cause conflict in relation with her child. The purpose of this study is to analyze conflict with mother among adolescents. A total of 1164 adolescents (male = 359 ; female =805) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how much conflict do they have with their mother and as well as the type of conflict they had. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach like content analysis, categorization of the responses and cross‐tabulating with background information (age,education level, mother’s occupation). The results are as follow. Type of conflict are showed that relational conflict 676 (44%), conflict of rules 145 (9,4%), and no conflict with their mother 145 (9,4%) participants. From 1533 respondents, 93 respondents (6,06%) are having a mother younger than 40 years old, and the rest of it, 1259 respondents (82,12%) are having a mother aged over 40 years old. Of the 568 respondents (37,05%) are having a mother with graduated senior high school, 555 respondents (36,2%) are having a mother with graduated bachelor degree, and 164 respondents (10,69%) are having mother with graduated elementary school. Beside that, 539 respondents (35,16%) are having a mother who worked as a housewife, 442 respondents (28,83%) are having a mother who worked as a professional job, and 262 respondents (17,09%) are having a mother who worked as an entrepreneurs. Key words: conflict, age, education level, Mother’s occupation, adolescents,mother‐child relationship.
316
DIFFERENT FOODS, DIFFERENT COGNITIVE ABILITY: A STUDI ABOUT EFFECT OF
GLYCEMIC INDEX CAUTION TOWARD ATTENTION ABILITY
Zulfikar Ali Farizi, Fathul Lubabin Nuqul.
Psychology DepartmentIslamic State University Malang
In some nations have different eating patterns with other nations. There is consuming rice, sago, wheat and so on. Several studies have shown that meal consumption and types of food affect a person's cognition process. One of them is attentions. Based on Jenkins’s study (1980) is known carbohydrate itself is divided by the speed of revamped into glucose in the body is divided into two, namely carbohydrates are quickly revamped into glucose or carbohydrate and high Glycemic index carbohydrates are slowly revamped into glucose or carbohydrate low glycemic index. When a person consumes carbohydrate at a rate of speed of revamped into a different glucose certainly it will affect the brain's attention system. Attention is the ability to filter out some of the incoming stimulus of mental activity and focus on one the most important stimulus. Capability is very useful for human attention, because attention is the first gate of someone cognition processes. The research uses Crossover Experiment Design, and involves 20 graduate students as experiment subject. They are divided into 2 groups (high glycemic; rice, and low glycemic food; ubi). Subjects selected by controlling a few factor, such as, they has normal Intelligence, They has not severe disease and they are not overweight. To measure the attention ability used Attention Distraction. The results showed that the group fed high‐glycemic carbohydrates (rice), have higher attention capacity compared with the provision of low glycemic carbohydrates (ubi). These results are consistent in the treatment of crossover. Keywords: Attention, Meal, Carbohydrate, Glycemic Index
317
INDIGENOUS AND CROSS‐CULTURAL POINTS OF VIEW: PARTICIPATORY
PHOTOGRAPH SURVEY OF JAPANESE AND INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN JAPAN
Hidehumi Hitokoto
International Economic and Work Research Institute
Participatory Photograph Survey (Okamoto, 2011) is a qualitative survey method, to collect photographs from participants to analyze what they subjectively focus on in their everyday life. In this study, we compared 30 Japanese college students’ photos with those of 30 international students of the same age who are visiting Japan, in order to find common category of focus between two groups, as well as unique category of focus by either group. Participants were instructed to take one photo of an object or scenery that they thought is “Japanese,” or represents “Japanese mind.” Categorizing the collected pictures, we found a common category that is focused on traditional objects (i.e., Kimono). Also we found group‐specific categories focused on daily scenery (i.e., vending machines) from the pictures taken by international students. Same daily scenery can be seen from indigenous as well as cross‐cultural points of view. One method of promoting awareness to cross‐cultural communication is discussed.
318
CROSS AGE‐GROUP COMPARISONS OF CULTURAL SELF‐CONSTRUAL AMONG
JAPANESE ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS WHO RECEIVED MULTICULTURAL
EDUCATION
Kokoro Ikkai, Junko Tanaka‐Matsumi
Kwansei Gakuin University
We examined the development of cultural self‐construal in adolescents and young adults who received multicultural education in Japan. A total of 167 Japanese participants who attended an international school in Japan responded to the Cultural Self‐Construal Scale (Takata, 2000). The participants consisted of 51 high school students, 48 university students, and 68 young adults (M = 27.3 years), ages 17 to 35 years. In our previous study, we found, 4 months after graduation from the international high school, students’ interdependent self was significantly lowered along with reduced Japanese social skill scores(Ikkai, 2010). Thus, we hypothesized that the young adults would score (1) higher on independence, and (2) lower on interdependence than the university students. These hypothesizes were supported. However, comparing the results with the same age groups in general Japanese population (Takata, 2003), we found that those who attended the international school scored significantly lower on interdependence, regardless of age groups
319
EXPLORING PARENTAL PRESSURES BASED ON PARENTAL EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
AND OCCUPATIONS.
Cahyani Indah Triani, NiaAndriyani
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
In daily interaction between parents and their children, sometimes parents give some expectations or pressure to their children. Ike and Horowitz (2006) states that the pressure given by Asian parents is greater than American parent pressure. The pressure given by parents to their children is a form of parents involvement on the development and success of their children. The purpose of this study is to find out the differences between pressure that given by father and mother, be reviewed from parents educational status and occupations. The respondents of this study are 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male= 479; female= 1044; unspecified= 10) who complete parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010), that asks how much pressure does their parents give on them and the type of pressures. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study In this study, we found that the majority of father’s educational level is Bachelor degree (39,4%) and mother’s is a high school graduate (37,05%), meanwhile 553 (36,07%) respondents stated that their father is a professional and 539 (35,18%) respondents stated that their mother is a not working mom/ as a housewife. Categorization results show that the pressure given by father and mother are about achievement (Father= 44,81%; Mother= 42,01%) and children views pressures as positive things (Father= 28, 57% ; Mother= 42,66%). Implication of the results will be discussed.
Key words: parental pressures, education level, occupations, parent‐child relationship.
320
ANALISIS PROFIL PEMAHAMAN REMAJA TENTANG UPACARA MAOTONAN DAN
IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH(STUDI
KASUS SISWA SMP DWIJENDRA DENPASAR)
I Nyoman Gunadi, Komang Rahayu Indrawati
Universitas Dwijendra
Bali yang saat ini memasuki era modernisasi dan berlanjut pada globalisasi, mempengaruhi orang Bali itu sendiri untuk melakukan adaptive upgrading atau adaptive modification dalam memelihara kesinambungan kebudayaan sebagai pembentuk karakter orang Bali. Masyarakat Bali merupakan masyarakat yang religious, budaya dan adat istiadatnya dilandasi oleh nilai‐nilai yang bersumber pada ajaran agama Hindu. Keunikan masyarakat Bali dapat dilihat pada pelaksanaan upacara Manusa Yadnya, khususnya upacara Otonan (Maotonan). Upacara ini adalah upacara untuk memperingati hari kelahiran yang jatuh setiap 6 bulan sekali (210 hari). Namun pada era transisi, upacara Maotonan tidak lagi memiliki makna yang cukup mendalam, bahkan cenderung terabaikan dengan perayaan –perayaan lain yang lebih bersifat modern. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh profil pemahaman remaja tentang filosofi upacara maotonan baik manfaat, makna, fungsi dan tata cara pelaksanaannya, dan implikasinya terhadap manajemen pembelajaran di sekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif (deskriptif) dimana peneliti menggunakan kuesioner sebagai tehnik pengumpulan data. Adapun jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 siswa SMP Dwijendra. Gambaran yang berhasil diperoleh peneliti untuk profil pemahaman siswa SMP Dwijendra tentang filosofi upacara maotonan adalah 1) profil pemahaman tentang manfaat 9% , 2) profil pemahaman tentang makna dan fungsi 26%, dan 3) profil pemahaman tata laksana upacara adalah 64%. Hasil dan implikasi yang lebihmendetil akan didiskusikan lebih lanjut.
Kata Kunci : Pemahaman, Upacara Maotonan
321
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTHER‐SONS CLOSENESS ON ACHIEVEMENT AND SELF
EFFICACY:INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Primadewi Kharisma, Ika Zenita Ratnaningsih
Faculty of Psychology Diponegoro University
Mothering becomes constructed as peacemaking, because our culture assume mother genuined as peacebuilding in both the home and the world at large. Sons who develop secure maternal connection develop stronger interpersonal skills and enjoy healthier relationship as adolescents and adult. A healthier close relationship between mother and her son influences a family support, that will lead to a son’s achievement and the way they perceive their ability. This study aims to describe the mother‐son’s closeness and its effect on their achievement and self‐efficacy. A total of 479 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach of analyzing the content of open‐ended responses and do the categorization of the responses. The result indicated that closeness between mother and their sons bring the important role on sons achievement and also their self‐efficacy. Implication of the results will be discussed later.
Key words: closeness, achievement, self‐efficacy, mother‐sons relationship
322
DOES PARENTAL PRESSURE AFFECT PARENT‐CHILD CONFLICT? :
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Primadewi Kharisma
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
At first glance, the relationship between parent and child seems to begin in perfect harmony. So one might, on the surface predict that parents would never come into conflict with their children; they would sacrifice all for their well‐being. Parents consider these sacrifice as an parental investment. Parents pressure children to be individual that fit parental interest. But, sometimes conflict occur when parental best interest and the best interest of the child not exactly coincide. The aim of this study is to discover the relation between parental pressure and parent‐child conflict. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University, 479 male students (31.25%), 1044 female students (68.10%), and 10 unspecified, completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how much pressure does their parents give on them and the type of pressures and how many conflicts does they have with their parents and the type of conflicts. From content analysis, categorization, and cross‐tabulation run for this study, were taken the highest 3 percentage of parental pressure and parent‐child conflict. In father’s parental pressure, the order from the highest percentage is 44.61% for pressure in achievement, 28.57% for positive perception about pressure, and 4.24 % for punishment. In mother’s parental pressure, positive perception about pressure got the highest percentage (42.2%), then followed by pressure in achievement (42%), and pressure in family demand (5.94%). The result in parent‐child conflict are more varied. The highest percentage of conflict both with father and mother are relational conflict, 33.74% for father‐child conflict and 44.09% for mother‐child conflict. In father‐child conflict, then followed by conflict because of individual trait (11.48%) and no‐conflict (10.82%). Conflict about rules and no‐conflict in mother‐child conflict have the same percentage for 9.46%. The implication of the result will be discussed. Key words: parental pressure, parent‐child conflict, parent‐child relationship
323
HAPPINESS AMONG INDONESIAN STUDENTS CONTEXT: AN EXPLORATORY
INDEGENOUS STUDY
R DKurniasari, M A Hakim, Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim,
L A Evanjeli, MohAs’Ad
University of GadjahMada
Happiness is undoubtedly important in life. However, experienced differently across cultures. This study aimed to explore what makes students happy using indegenous approach. An open ended questionaires was used to identify what makes students happy. The study participants were 438 senior high school students. Categorization was run to identify themes come up from the data. Open coding and axial coding were also executed accordingly. Results show that happines among Indonesian students was experienced mostly in relation to Togetherness with closest people (39,16%),Self fulfillment(26,20%),psychological peace(10,62%),social supports(8,63%),socialbenevolence(7,30%),and having control in life(3,32%). Togetherness with closest people: Being with the closest people,Togetherness with family, Respected by others, Special Event, Special relationship. whilst self fullfilment are: hope fulfilled,doing hobbies,getting money,recreation,health etc. The example of psychological peace can be relaxing, resolving problem and spirituality. social supports are experienced in feeling being loved, meeting other people &feeling appreciated. Social benevolence can be in the forms of: making other people happy,togetherness with other people, & helping other people. Having control in life: Troubleshooting, Everything is under control. Keyword: happiness, Indonesian students, indgenous psychology
324
GAMBARAN VALUE IN ACTION – INVENTORY STRENGTH PADA BERBAGAI
BENTUK DINAMIKA PASANGAN (COUPLE MAP)YANG DIPERSEPSIKAN OLEH
PEREMPUAN BALI DALAM PERNIKAHANNYA
Made Diah Lestari
University of Udayana
Pandangan feminisme tentang keluarga mengubah konsepsi peran tradisional suami dan istri. Feminisme melihat keluarga sebagai sistem terbuka yang memungkinkan adanya perubahan peran dan kesempatan (Olson & Defrain, 2003). Peran istri tidak terbatas pada pengasuhan (expressive role) dan suami bukan satu – satunya yang menopang pemasukan keluarga (instrumental role). Hal ini sering ditemui di kota berkembang yang menghadirkan kesempatan dan tuntutan hidup yang beragam. Demikian halnya dengan Denpasar – Bali sebagai sebuah kota berkembang. Di lain sisi, budaya dan adat istiadat Bali menghadirkan peran sosial yang unik bagi laki – laki dan perempuan yang menikah. Peran sosial ini terwarisi. Dampaknya, peran menjadi kompleks, bervariasi antara perubahan dan tuntutan adat. Kompleksitas dan perubahan peran berdampak pada cohesion dan flexibility pada pasangan. Cohesion dan flexibility adalah dimensi yang menentukan dinamika pasangan (couple map) (Olson & Defrain, 2003). Penelitian ini ingin melihat gambaran character strength pada berbagai bentuk couple map yang dipersepsikan oleh istri. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan alat ukur Value In Action – Inventory Strength (VIA – IS) yang diadaptasi oleh Lestari (2006) dan Couple and Family Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Olson. Subyek penelitian adalah perempuan berusia 25 – 40 tahun yang berstatus menikah dan bekerja. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah adanya variasi profil VIA ‐ ISpada berbagai bentuk couple map yang dibahas kemudian. Kata kunci: cohesion, flexibility, character strength, VIA – IS, couple map.
325
THE MEANING OF HEALTH IN SOCIAL CONTEXT FOR PRAMBANAN’S
(INDONESIA) YOUTHS: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Andrian Liem, Ni Komang Meta Saraswati Sabeh, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
University Gadjah Mada
Health for individual will be different with health’s meaning in social or collective culture. To explore it, we conducted a survey among 531 students (age’s mean=15 y.o; 380 male and 151 female) from junior and senior high school in Prambanan district (D.I. Yogyakarta – Indonesia). We asked participant to finish the sentence “When with other people or in social environment, I am healthy if …”. Their answers were coded and categorized into: clean (14.69%), health body (12.43%), making social interaction (12.43%), friendly (8.47%), equality of health status (6.4%), doing self anticipation (5.46%), cohesive (5.46%), drugs free (4.33%), positive feeling (4.14%), social support (3.77%), doing normative behavior (3.2%), active (3.01%), mentally health (2.64%), doing sport (2.45%), differentiation of health status (2.07%), appearance (0.56%), physically and mentally health (0.56%), basic need fulfilled (0.19), and quiet (0.19%). This indicated that youth feel health when with others or in environment context if individual factors were in good condition as well as social factors were considered. Key words: Social health’s meaning, Indonesia’ youth, indigenous psychology
326
THE STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS AMONG ADOLESCENCES FROM SUB‐URBAN AREA
OF YOGYAKARTA USING INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Andrian Liem, Irine Kurniastuti, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti
University Gadjah Mada
There are no universal positive or negative events; rather, events have different meaning in our lives depending on various circumstances. The main purpose of this study was described life events among adolescences which were become source of stress. Open‐ended questionnaire was filled by 353 adolescences from Kalasan and Prambanan district (34% girls and 66% boys; age’s mean 15.5 y.o). The data was multiple responses (868 responses) and categorized into: love’s problem(16.24%), family’s problem(12.67%), school’s problem(12.21%), finance’s problem(9.1%), problem with friend(5.76%), disaster(5.53%), complex problem (4.84%), barrier(3.8%), final exam(3.46%), low achievement (2.53%), accident (2.42%), wish not come true (2.42%), miss someone (2.19%), be forced (2.07%), self careless (2.07%), sickness (2.07%), physic obstruction (1.15%), lose something (1.15%), grieve (1.04%), death of family member (1.04%), appearance’s problem (1.04%), and other responses below 1% (i.e lonely, punished, etc). The result will be discussed in the context of Indonesian culture. Key words:Stressful life events, sub‐urban adolescence, indigenous psychology
327
EFFECTIVENESS OF ART‐THERAPY FOR BURN PATIENTS
Na‐Young Lim, Sul‐A Yook, ByeorieSeong, JeungHaeEum,
Eunjoo Yang
Korea University
This study investigated the effectiveness of the group art‐therapy as an intervention for burn patients. A total of 16 children with two or three degree of burn wounds on 10 percentage of the body area participated. They were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups with 8 participants in each group. The therapy was developed to reflect the Collie (2006)’s propositions of art‐therapy for PTSD patients. This art‐therapy was designed to enhance flexibility and controllability of emotional expression. Outcome measured by parent’s report, a drawing test, and a biological measure of heart rate variability. Wilcoxon sign rank test showed significant decrease in the measures of depression, somatization, psychotic symptoms. Decrease in depression was also shown on the drawing test. The findings of this study indicate that the group‐art therapy program is especially effective in alleviating depression, and this effect may be related to the improved emotional expression and regulation.
328
CLOSENESS AMONG JAVANESE ADOLESCENTS BASED ON LIVING AREA,
ECONOMIC STATUS, AND FATHER’S EDUCATION LEVEL: FATHER‐CHILD
CLOSENESS RELATIONSHIP
Bogi Mahendra Wirawan, Farida Hidayati
Faculty of Psychology, Diponegoro University
The experience with parents include father play an important role in shaping the quality of parent‐child interaction. Demographic factors of family may affect the closeness between parents and children. The goal of this study is to analyze the effect of living area, economic status, and father’s educational level to the children’s closeness with their father. In this research, 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University are take as respondents. The respondents include 479 male students (31.25%), 1044 female students (68.10%), and 10 unspecified, completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how close do they feel to their father and as well as the reason why they feel close to their father. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. The result from data processing state that the highest percentage (21.27%) in the reason why children feel close to their father is because father was able to be a motivator. Cross‐tabulation in background information almost half of the respondents are living in town (47.09%). From the same cross‐tabulation, economic status of 1238 respondents (80.76%) are in the average level and the highest persentage (39.47%) for father’s educational level is bachelor degree. The further implication of the results in this study will be discussed. Key words: closeness, father‐child relationship, living area, economic level, father’s educational level, Javanese.
329
DOES RESPECT FOR FATHER HAVE RELATION WITH HAPPINESS AND
ADOLESCENTS ETHNICITY IDENTIFICATION?: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Herfina Oshita Suwartono, Endah Kumala Dewi, Diana Rusmawati
Diponegoro University
In Indonesia, father is leader of the family. Father works hard to earn money for the living. He is a decision maker, he gives love, cares, and sacrifices to his family. This study examines how adolescents respect their father in relation with their happiness and ethnicity. The purpose of this study is to find out relational on happiness and adolescents ethnicity for respect their father on Indonesian’s adolescents in 52 ethnic group identification. The subjects of this study involve 1533 responses (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) undergraduate students in Diponegoro University who completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asked how do they appreciate their father. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach of analyzing te content of open‐ended responses, categorization of the responses and cross tabulating with background information. Research result indicates majority of respondents identificated as Javanese, Sundanese, Bataknese, and they have high level of ethnic identification The implications of this research on happiness and will discuss later. Key words : respect, happiness, ethnicity, father‐adolescents relationship
330
HOW AGE, FAMILY ECONOMIC STATUS, OCCUPATION AND MOTHER’S
EDUCATION LEVEL INFLUENCE JAVANESE MOTHERING
Beta Kurnia Arriza Abdul Kadir,
Ika Febrian Kristiana, Erin Ratna Kustanti
Diponegoro University
Mothering is a crucial figure related to the transmission of culture, the development of enculturated persons, the constitution of kinship, family, and the reproduction of society. This research aimed is to study about Javanese mothering based on mother’s background information such as age, family economic status, occupation and education level. Using a total of of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10), all the participants complete a parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Participant asked about how their mothers take care of them. The data was analyzed using indigenous psychological approach of analyzing the content of open‐ended responses and do the categorization of the responses. Result revealed that children feel close to their mother because the presence of the mother has considered as a motivator (27,91%), mother has also fulfilled emotional needs (25,83%), and the children have an attachment to their mother (11,61%). In this study, we found that there are 1506 (98,24%) participants which over the age of 17‐25 years old. The majority of mother’s educational level is a high school graduate (37,05% or 568 participants) and 539 (35,18%) respondents stated that their mother were a not working mom/ as a housewife, furthermore there were 1287 (80,75%) respondents state that they lived in average living standard, 234 (15,26%) respondents state that they lived wealthy enough, 34 (2,21%) respondents state that they lived below average, 6 (0,39%) participants lived wealthy, and 1 participant (0,06%) stated that they lived in low level of living standard. Implication of the results will be discussed. Key words: closeness, achievement, self‐efficacy, mother‐sons relationship.
331
DOES ETHNICAL BACKGROUND INFLUENCED PARENTAL VALUES? : INDIGENOUS
PARENT‐ADOLESCENTS RELATIONSHIP PERSPECTIVE
Beta Kurnia Arriza Abdul Kadir, Costrie Ganes Widayanti
Diponegoro University
Family become an early developmental place for children, and surely have great impact until an adolescent phase. Family also helps someone to find meaning and purpose in life, so role of the parents become crucial. Value has cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. Those entire components are interact and influencing each other. Parental ethnic background would enrich children’s understanding about values, because ethnicity will brings consequences in different perspective which can affect individual behavior. Out of 1533 respondents, 1191 respondents (77.7%) were raised by Javanese father and 1185 respondents (77.3%) were raised by Javanese mother, 52 respondents (3.4%) were raised by Sundanese father and 71 respondents (4.6%) were raised by Sundanese mother, and 47 respondents (3.06% ) were raised by Batakese father. and 38 respondents (2.4%) were raised by Bataknese mother. Most respondents agreed that both mother and fathes shares and teaches them the same values in life. But 21 respondents (1.3%) and 49 respondents (3.2%) stated that they got extra values from their father, which were leadership and in being the best. Data was collected using an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). The data analysis was done by analyzing participants responses, categorizing and coding them. The result showed that most of respondents agreed that both of mother and father gives and teaches them the same values in life. But 21 respondents (1.3%) and 49 respondents (3.2%) state that they’ve got extra values from their father, its leadership value and value in being the best. The result will be discussed further.
Key words: parental values, ethnicity background, parent‐adolescents relationship.
332
THE JAVANESE ADOLESCENTS’ IDEAL SELF: INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Ardian Praptomojati, Yopina Galih Pertiwi, Sulasmi Sudirman,
Kwartarini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The aim of this study was to explore ideal self among adolescent in Indonesia. This study adopted indigenous psychological approach using an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). A total number of 332 Javanese Senior High School students in Indonesia (123 males; 209 females) were asked to complete the following statement: “My ideal self, I am…”. Data were content analyzed by categorizing and coding, then cross tabulating the responses by sex. Result showed that both males and females respondents had tendencies to have ideal self to succeed in social life. Have own character and self‐achievement become the next highest category that appeared. The results will be discussed further.
Keywords: ideal self, adolescent, Javanese
333
ANALYSIS OF FAILURE EXPERIENCE AMONG KOREAN POLICE FORCE:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Ji Hyuen An, Young‐Shin Park, Uichol Kim
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to analyze failure experience among Korean police force using indigenous psychological analysis. A total of 459 police (male=420, female=39) working at 41 different locations completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Park (2011). The results are as follows. First, as for the most painful failure experience at work, 41.2% of the respondents listed “none,” followed by failure to get promoted, and inability to solve a case. Second, as for the person who contributed to the failure, 65.5% of the respondents listed themselves, followed by their colleagues. Third, as for the most important reason for the failure, respondents listed a lack of self‐regulation, lack of ability, and problems in interpersonal relations. Implications of the results for Korean police force and will be discussed. Keywords: Police, failure experience, indigenous psychology, promotion, self‐regulation, relationship
334
ADJUSTMENT PROCESS OF A FATHER WITH DOWN’S SYNDROME SON
(DESCRIPTIF STUDY OF A FATHER WITH PATRIARCHY FAMILY BACKGROUND)
Komang Rahayu Indrawati
University of Udayana
Most of ethnicity in Indonesia have patriarchy system as their life based. This system was formed from their forerunner where nurturing and continuation with all of their aspects handled by man (Mace, David & Vera, 1960). Therefore a son in patriarchy family has a significant responsibility for the family life continuity in the future. Not every parent faced their contented fact when having a new baby, specially for parents who has their son with Down’s syndrome. So far much of researches were focused in mother situation despite of father’s perspective. But for family with patriarchy background, situation of a father with his Down’s syndrome son will also facing a complex reaction. From the explanation above, the researcher takes particular interest to discover the adjustment process of a father facing the situation, factors that persuade them handling their problems with the Down’s syndrome’s son and the patriarchy background. The study involved qualitative method with depth interview and observation in collecting the data. Respondents of the study were two father from Bali and Batak , who has the only one son with Down’s syndrome, with range of age 4 until 13 years old. The result of the analysis founded that two respondent were having the same adjustment process based on Stage Theory (Darling, 1990) and different factors in influencing them to adjust in their life future. Key word : Adjustment, Patriarchy system, Father, Sindroma Down
335
DALIHAN NATOLU AS THE BATAK TOBA CULTURE PRINCIPLE IN COOPERATION
(THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK)
Nicholas Simarmata, S. Psi., M.A.
University of Udayana
Cooperation is a human instinct because among humans need each other. Cooperation is more apparent in the collectivist society because their family form is extended family. Between family members, among families and even among family clans still have a close relationship that emerged in the cooperation. As one of collectivist culture nation, Indonesia society cooperates suitable with culture principle that underlying it according to its ethnic diversity. Batak Toba is one of five Batak sub‐ethnic in Indonesia, in cooperation is based on Dalihan Natolu culture principle as a reference in the division of tasks when cooperates in custom events. So this study will research Dalihan Natolu as the Batak Toba culture principle in cooperation. The type of this research is qualitative ethnography. Data are collected with interviews, observation and documentation as the primary data and literature as secondary data. The sample collection method is theoretical sampling. The analysis method is theoretical coding for interview data and descriptive analysis for literature data, observation and documentation. The result of this study is expected to give contribution toward a Indigenous Psychology from Batak Toba culture perspective as part of an Indonesia national culture, which not only broaden a horizons about the Indonesia ethnic pluralism, but also to understand a positive aspects of local cultural wisdom. Key words: Dalihan Natolu, Batak Toba, culture principle, cooperation.
336
THE CONTEXTUAL FRAMEWORK OF “PERSON‐MAKING” PROCESS: A CRITICAL
REVIEW
Chia‐ho Pu, Huang, Tsung‐Chain, Ph. D., Professor
National Changhua University
Person‐making (Zuo‐Ren), being an art of social interaction, is a critical issue in the discussion of the interpersonal relationship of Chinese society. However, further investigation of the dynamic process of person‐making is still needed. Previous researchers had constructed several types of person‐making on different dimensions, and the proposal of those types seemed to be a static concept (Peng, 1993; Tsao, 2010). The present literature review argues that social and cultural structures play a very crucial role in the shaping and development of person‐making. For instance, contrary to the “individualization” perspective of self in the western culture, the “relational self” is the core of selfhood in traditional Chinese context. Thus, in this literature review, the influential cultural‐specific effects such as Confucian relationalism, Yin‐Yang (Tai‐Ji) dialectics, social responsibility, genuine harmony and superficial harmony, as well as clinical applications were discussed.
337
THE VALUE OF “HAGABEON’, “HAMARAON”, AND “HASANGAPON” ON THREE
GENERATION
Meutia Nauly, Ridhoi Meilona Purba
Staf Pengajar, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Sumatera Utara
The Three H values—hagabeon (descendant), hamoraon (wealth), and hasangapon (honor & respect)—are the core life values for members of Batak Toba ethnic group. These values are manifested in the members of Batak Toba’s life aspects. However, as citizens of a multicultural city (Medan) have enabled members of Batak Toba to interact with members of other ethnic groups. This intercultural interactions have affected how members of Batak Toba valued the Three H. The goal of the present study was to examine and understand how the Three H are endorsed and valued by members of Batak Toba in their daily life. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, we interviewed 10 families (3 generations: child, parents, grandparents). Our participants reported the Three H values as important. However, the endorsement and evaluation of the Three H slightly varies from one generation to another. For the third generation (child) the evaluation of the Three H was dependent on their parent’s role, especially on their mother’s influence. While for the second and third generation, how they valued the Three H was dependent on the roles of the hula‐hula, boru, and dongan tubu in their daily life and Batak Toba’s cultural activity. Keywords: Batak Toba, values, Medan
338
MULTIDIMENSIONALITAS PADA TES POTENSI AKADEMIK
Ali Ridho
Islamic State University Malang
The aim of this research study was to find out characteristics of items and subtests of Tes Potensi Akademik (TPA) College Admissions (ujian masuk, UM) UGM 2006 approached by unidimensional and multidimensional item response theory with 3 parameter logistic model. Meanwhile, dimensionality investigated by conditional covariance‐based approached. The data for the research consist of UM UGM 2006 applicants’ responses. The subjects were 15670. The items were calibrated by unidimensional item response theory (UIRT) and multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) with 3 parameter logistic model using BILOG‐MG and BMIRT program. Dimensionality assess by semi confirmatory factor analysis using HCA/CCPROX, DETECT, DIMTEST procedures. Results of the study show that items of Verbal, Quantitative, and Reasoning subtests grouped by HCA/CCPROX and DETECT procedures into 3 clustered as well as the blueprint. Nevertheless, DIMTEST procedure shows that items of Quantitative and Reasoning subtest were locally independent. Keywords: TPA, item analysis, dimensionality assessment, multidimensional item response theory
339
PARENTS INVOLVEMENT IN DAILY PRACTICE OF EARLY LITERACY DEVELOPMENT
Lisnawati Ruhaena
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
This study aims to reveal parents involvement in the development of early literacy of preschool children. How far parents involve in early literacy activity, what kind of activity that is chosen and what problems are faced by parents in daily practice. Data obtained through observation, interviews, focus group discussion and questionnaires. The samples consist of 10 child‐parent pairs. Results show that parents have a need for guidance and direction on how to develop their preschool children early literacy. Therefore in this article, the importance of formulating such a model of parental involvement was discussed. The recommended model is focused in parent stimulation as early as possible through play activities at home by optimizing the involvement of parents as children’s first teachers. Key words: parental involvement, early stimulation, children early literacy
340
PARENTAL PRESSURE AND ITS RELATION TO ADOLESCENTS HAPPINESS AND
SELF EFFICACY
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Sri Hartati, Jati Ariati
Diponegoro University,
Family relation including parent‐child relation influences the well being of their children. Adolescents are more likely to experience joy and tend to be successful when parents have realistic expectations, support and encourage them. Left and Hoyle (1995) defined parental pressure as perceived behavior indicating expectations of improbable or imposible levels of accomplishment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between parental pressure to adolescents happiness and their self‐efficacy. A total of 1533 undergraduate students at Diponegoro University (male = 479 ; female =1044 ; unspecified = 10) completed on parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010) that asks how much pressure does their parents give on them and the type of pressures. Content analysis, categorization and cross‐tabulations were run for this study. Almost all of kind of pressure whose given by both parents are the same. But there is extra kind of pressure which given by mother but not by father, 6 respondents (0.39%) explained that they got extra “Optimism” pressure from they mother, 32 respondents (2,08%) explained that they got “Obeying Mother” pressure, and 20 respondents (1,31%) said that they got “Mental Pressure”. Implication to happiness and self efficacy needs further notification. Key words: parental pressure, happiness, parent‐child relationship, self efficacy.
341
POSITIVE THINKING AS A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN
POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Anna Dian Savitri
Universitas Semarang
One stage of life that will inevitably be experienced by every woman is the advent of menopause. Menopause is a natural biological condition characterized by cessation of menstruation, which occurs changes the physical and psychological well in a woman. Concerns that occurs in women who enter menopause often tend to feel that he would be unhealthy, unfit, and not beauty. Of the science of psychology, the women also become easily stressed, depressed, irritable, suspicious and filled with anxiety . Positive thinking as a whole way of thinking thoroughly healthy nature, emphasizing the positive aspects of a situation or yourself. Menopausal women who think positively are expected to know yourself, in this case the recognition of the shortcomings and advantages of, able to adapt to the conditions experienced menopause, being optimistic and able to develop empathy. Promoting positive thinking patterns in postmenopausal women to be one strategy in an effort to improve the quality of life of women in Indonesia. Key words : positive thinking, postmenopausal women, quality of life
342
HAPPINESS PERSPECTIVE IN THE OLDEST BALI CULTURE: INDIGENOUS STUDY AS
THE REASON OF HAPPINESS IN “BALI AGA” VILLAGE’S TEENAGERS
Bagus Ari Nugraha Suela, Febian Dwiduonova, Yande Prayoga,
Grace Noviana Chandra, Putu Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri
Udayana University
Happiness is one of the positive emotion which most meaningful and related to motivation for doing everything. Lu, Gilmour, and Kao (2001) in their research said that cultural values were correlated positively with nearly all dimensions of happiness. It means that in different culture system, the reason factor in happiness will be different. In Bali, we have a genuine culture system which is an oldest culture system called “Bali Aga” who still used local, strong and unique cultural system. One of those is Tenganan village. This research using qualitative method with purpose to knows the reason factor of teenagers’ happiness in Tenganan village and cultural effect to that factor. Participants are teenagers from 11‐20 years old. They fill open‐ended questionnaire which adapted from Kim (2010) questionnaire. We hope we can find the reason factor from “Bali Aga” village’s teenagers happiness and cultural effect to that happiness as a result.
Keyword: happiness, reason factor, teenagers, bali aga, indigenous
343
WHAT MAKES BALINESE ADOLESCENCE HAPPY? INDIGENEOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Anak Agung Ngurah Agung Adi Pratama Wicaksana Putra,
Supriyadi
University of Udayana
Happiness is a positive state of emotion pursued by many people. Almost every effort that people make in this world is to pursue happiness. Adolescence is the phase where a person understands his or her feelings, builds self‐identity and role identity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the concept of happiness held by the Balinese adolescents. Sample of this research consists of 125 undergraduate students in Bali and the data collection was conducted with the open‐ended happiness questionnaire that was developed by Kim (2010). Method of data analysis on this study by analyzing the response of subjects, categorizes the response and coding the results. The results of this study show there are two major elements of the source of happiness in Balinese adolescence: (1) the attainment of the self that represent by the experience of achievement (41.1%) and (2) The social relationship that represent by the experience with family, friends, lovers, and social support from environment (37.6%). Detailed results and implications will be discussed further
Keywords: Balinese Adolescence, Happiness, undergraduate students
344
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS OF ELDERLY'S PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL‐BEING
IN BANDUNG‐INDONESIA
Irene Tarakanita, Irawati, Ira Adelina, Catharina Sri Indah Gunarti
Maranatha Christian University
Psychological well‐being as one of the most important indicators of successful aging. Prior studies show that sociodemographic factors influencing elderly’s psychological well‐being are multiple and differ across cultures. The aim of this study was to identify significant sociodemographic predictors of psychological well‐being among Bandung elders. The study included older Indonesia at Bandung (50 – 70 years), randomly selected through a multistage stratified random method. WHO‐Five well‐being index was used to measure psychological well‐being. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Using multiple regression analysis a significant model. Where age, sex, marital status, and household income were significant predictor variables of psychological well‐being among Indonesia elderly. This study showed that socio demographic predictors has positive influence psychological well‐being on elderly.
Keywords: psychological well‐being; socioeconomic status;
345
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES ON MENTAL WORKLOAD AND MULTITASKING
PERFORMANCE
Wulanyani
Udayana University
Proficiency to perform multiple tasks is important because human often could not avoid multitasking environments in daily life. Multitasking is accomplishing multiple‐task goals in the same time period and people do it for efficiency. Students need multitasking ability for making note a lecture while processing information from the lecturer, or doing a home work and other tasks concurrently. The suitability of student characteristics with lecturing environment will generate psychological comfort which is associated by mental workload. The aim of this study is to examine how individual differences affect mental workload and performance in multitasking environment. Subjects are 96 students of Psychology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Udayana University, Bali. Data collected by NASA TLX, Raven intelligence test, The Big five questionnaire and a set of multitasking scenario. The result will be contribute to develop multitasking theory and for preparing students to multitasking environment in lecturing. Keywords: individual differences, mental workload, multitasking
346
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RACIAL DIFFERENCE AND SALIVARY CORTISOL IN
CAREGIVERS
Jumpei Yajima, Akira Tsuda, Hisayoshi Okamura
Beppu University
There is accumulating evidence of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances in the chronic stress state by care stress. It is thought that the salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR) can serve as a reliable marker of HPA axis to respond to stress. Present study was to investigate the relationship between racial difference (Hispanics/Caucasians) and the CAR in caregivers. The participants were 156 women caring for a family member with dementia. The participants collected the saliva samples (awakening, 30 minutes after awakening, 17:00 pm, and 21:00 pm), and completed the psychosocial measures at their home. Although Caucasians was significantly awaking response, Hispanic did not change. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) change with various cortisol profiles was significantly larger in Caucasians than Hispanic. These findings suggest that CAR and AUC in Hispanic are the allostatic load with disruption of HPA axis function, whereas Caucasian is due to allostasis that reflects adaptive processes.
347
SIMILAR VS. COMPLEMENTARY: THE EFFECT OF REGULATORY FIT IN
INTERPERSONAL DOMAINS
Kuang‐Hui Yeh, Tzu‐Yeng Kuo
Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica Taipei
In two studies, this research explored how regulatory fit operates interpersonally and how its nature varies according to the goal emphasized. Taiwanese participants viewed videos of job interviewees displaying different regulatory orientations. Study 1 hypothesized and found that when harmonious relationships were emphasized, others with congruence in regulatory focus were evaluated highly on anticipated interaction quality and value as a partner, suggesting similar regulatory focus between individual induces regulatory fit. Study 2 explored whether fit manifests differently according to the situation. Results indicated that when team performance was emphasized, complementary regulatory focus led to fit. Participants rated others with a complementary regulatory orientation more favorably, and indicated higher intention to provide assistance than they did congruent orientated others
348
Ewuh pekewuh attitude of hypertensiom patients in Yogyakarta
Ana Yuliani, Asti Bhawika Adwitya, Hidayatul Masruroh,
Elvira Nurchasanah
Airlangga University
Hypertension defined as blood pressure condition of where systolic pressure more than for 140mmHg and diastolic pressure over 90mmHg or more in continuing age. This research, know and express the correlation of "Ewuh Pekewuh" attitude by Psychological Well Being of Hypertension Patient in RS Sardjito Yogyakarta. Because height of hypertension patient, since 2010. "Ewuh Pekewuh" Attitude (non‐assertive) is not express the feeling, requirement, personal opinion to others. Psychological Well Being represents result of individual evaluation to representing evaluation in life experiences. This is quantitative research with descriptive correlation device and use the population research. Instrument type uses behavioral scale of assertive and Psychological Well being by using model of scale Likert and interview. Descriptive analysis uses the mean and standard deviation. Technique analyses use the correlation of product moment. Result of this research, show the non‐assertive behavioral level in attitude "Ewuh Pekewuh" and Psychology Well being at hypertension patient
349
DZIKIR THERAPY TOWARD VICTIMS OF DRUG ABUSE IN MAJELIS DZIKIR DAN
DOA MUHYIN NUFUUS YOGYAKARTA
Muhammad Taqiyudin, Haryanto
University of Gadjah Mada
The effect of drug abuse is very destructive to oneself and other. There are many medical research shows that all of drug abuse suffer disturbance on their neurotransmitter and brain cells that causing physical and mental disorder also error behavior. There are two types of healing techniques that applied toward victim of drug abuse, that are medical treatment and nonmedical treatment. Nonmedical treatment are divided into two types, that are traditionally and religiously. This research was conducted by qualitative method focusing on treatment toward drug user that using religiously approaches. Subjects of this research were four member of Majelis Dzikir dan Doa Muhyin Nufuus Yogyakarta, who used to be drug abuse and experienced of dzikir therapy in Majelis Dzikir dan Doa Muhyin Nufuus in the past. Research result showed dzikir as therapy is divided into three input, that are (1) Subject Input is the early context of subject arrival and their values (2) Instrumental Input are Mursyid as a therapist and dzikir as a method of therapy that have five activities, that are bai’at and talqin dzikir,dzikir khos and dzikir amm (dzikir ratib, maulid and selapanan), majelisan, belajar bakti, sholat. (3) Environment is social support in Majelis dzikir. Effect of dzikir therapy to psychological aspects are enhancing of problem solving skills, catharsis, release of anxiety, enhancing of self control, insight, helping to subject to improve their individuation process, giving meaning life, giving experience of altered states of consciousness, building of peace and comfort feeling, meditation, relaxation response, eliminating suggestion. Effect of dzikir therapy to physical aspects are eliminating drug effect (sakaw), improving quality of physical health. All of those effect of dzikir produce several outcomes for subjects, that are they are not become drug abuse anymore and can release to drug effect, all subjects can release their self from negative influence of drug environment and giving them of meaning life. Keywords : Dzikir, Therapy, Drugs abuse
350
WHY KOREANS BLAME SO MUCH?: CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF CHOICE AND BLAME
Taekyun Hur, Seung‐Hyuk Choi, Sangyeon Yoon
Korea University
Choices and deprivation of them have been found to be associated with life‐satisfaction and low mental health respectively. Furthermore, the present study examined the role of perceived deprivation of choices in the inclination to blame and anti‐social attitudes among Koreans. 200 Korean college students completed a survey to assess their perceived opportunities of choice in everyday life and their blames on external factors for various societal and personal issues. The correlation analyses revealed that people who perceived high personal controllability in school and major choices showed greater satisfaction in education. Also, people who believe that they had exercise their own choice generally in their life tended to blame external factors less for their unhappiness. The present findings supported the theoretical connection between choice and blame and provided the indigenous understanding of the recently heightened blame inclination among Koreans.
351
ME AND MY SON: THE MENTAL HEALTH MATERNAL WHO HAVE MENTALLY
RETARDED CHILD
Hamdaya Nurtalatthaf, Asmiani Fawziah
University Banjarbaru
Children as the future of human resources continue to be prepared early on by each parent in order to become an excel and compete individual. But the development of each child is different, many children experiencing barriers to development are detected, such as mental retardation. If a mentally retarded child, then parents will try to recover their child. This problem can cause impaired maternal mental health predicted joined affect parenting and the development of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor child. The goal of mental health research to know the mother who have mentally retarded child and knowing the role of material mental health on the development of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor mentally retarded child. Research approach is qualitative and descriptive research type of case study design . Data collection techniques were observation, collection of field notes, interviews, documentation and audiovisual material. The result were divided into three mental health : before, during and after knowing her circumstances. Mental health of the mother before know is healthy. Mental health of the mother during early to know up to a maximum of 6 months experience psychic shock which resulted in stress and mild depression so withdraw, broading, insecure, shy and sad. Finally, the mental health of the mother after the transition quite well because of personality, social relationships.Intelectual functioning effectively. This is causedbythe local wisdomof Indonesian societythat receivesanystatethatGodhasdestinedforthem. In fact, the subject admitted they are special because the mother was awared a special child. The role of material mental health on the development is focus and concentration to their children. Starting from education, social relationships, personality, talents until the diet is considerable concern. So, good mental health in mothers who have children either mental retardation role in the development of their children.In this research note that the majority of mentally retarded child’s talented in the arts, and kinesthetic. Keywords : Mother, Mental Retardation, Mental Health.
352
SELF‐WORTH: INCREMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ON WORK‐LIFE BALANCE
Dian Sari Utami
Islamic University of Indonesia
Social changes, in the last decades, have an impact on women’s trend to have dual‐role in their lives, working and having family (Betz, 2005). This also caused increasing on demands for women, not only at work or home, but also in their social life and self‐fulfillment. In Indonesia, working now seems to be an important part for women’s life besides having a family. When a woman decided to marry and having a family, this will have an impact on many responsibilities, both for her family and society. However, a woman, as individual will also need a self‐fulfillment in her leisure time. Those are challenging for women to meet a demand for quality of work‐life. Work‐life balance has becoming an effective way to attempt a quality of work‐life, especially for working mothers. The aim of this study was to understand factors influencing work‐life balance among working mothers. The research methods used case study design in an organization. The respondents were three working mothers having characteristics as follows: having children, living with spouse, having job performance and interpersonal skill score above 90 or assumed as “excellent”. The result showed that confidence in personal value and worth as an individual person was the main factor influencing working women to attempt the work‐life balance. It is called “self‐worth” which help respondents to make a change as an incremental improvement to harmonizing work and non‐work dimension. Keywords: quality of work‐life, work‐life balance, working women, self‐worth
353
AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK OF WELL‐BEING
Bo Shao
Fudan University
The past three decades witnessed the proliferation of well‐being studies from many different perspectives—like subjective well‐being, psychological well‐being, broaden‐and‐build theory of positive emotions, as well as cross‐cultural comparisons of well‐being‐‐from which well‐being has been thoroughly explored. However, many issues remain unresolved and variables are compounded and complicated in different studies, which made this area seem complex and confusing sometimes. This paper is attempting to address this problem by organizing different perspectives and putting them into an integrated framework. In the beginning, indicators, predictors and consequences of well‐being are clarified, and then different variables are put into different positions with the predictors organized into different categories in terms of people and environment, as well as distant versus close. Then different perspectives are presented to show which areas they are positioned and which variables they are covering. Finally, suggestions are offered for future research on the potential issues that we still need to address.
354
SENSE OF COMMUNITY TO PROMOTE HEALTH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Sriwulan Ferindian Falatehan
Bogor Agricultural University
Wellbeing is a feeling which is believed as a result from satisfaction of individual,
relational, and collective needs. In line with that individual needs consists of
physical and psychological health. Community member in rural and agricultural in
Indonesia have their values, and norms which influenced by their community
roles and cultures. Their feeling for community known as sense of community
which influenced by membership, influence, shared emotional connection, and
integration fulfillment of needs. Sense of community measurement which ever
held in Indonesia with ethic approach could reduce validation of this construct.
One way to cope with this issue is measurement by development and validation
of Sense of Community Index‐2 for rural and agricultural community in
Cikarawang village in Bogor, West Java in 2011. It showed that relation between
individual and their community gave different result if using of Sense of
community measerement (SCI‐2) without development and validation or in ethic
approach. So in the future Indonesia still need a lot of measurement research
about sense of community as one tools to promote human health program,
especially for psychological health.
355
THE LIFE SATISFACTION AND ASSERTIVENESS OF STUDENTS AT FACULTY OF
EDUCATION
Meryem Demir, Can, Gürhan
Anadolu University
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the life satisfaction
and assertiveness of students at faculty of education and to determine whether if
The Life Satisfaction and Assertiveness levels change regard to gender, class level
and departments. The study was conducted with 652. The relationship between
The Life Satisfaction and Assertiveness was calculated through the use of Pearson
Moments Correlation Coefficient and a significant, positive, medium level
corelation was found. MANOVA was used for determining whether if The Life
Satisfaction and Assertiveness levels change regard to gender, class level and
departments. According to the research results, it was found that the Life
Satisfaction and Assertiveness of females are higher than males, there is no
significant difference regard to departments and there is a significant difference
in life satisfaction of the first and fourth class students.
356
HOW ADOLESCENTS VIEW THEIR PARENTS SACRIFICE?:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Kartika Sari Dewi, Costrie Ganes Widayanti
Diponegoro University
Most parents are driven by loving intentions. Many are willing to do whatever it takes to give their children their best. This research is an attempt to explore adolescents perception about their parents sacrifice. Participants were 1533 adolescents at Diponegoro University (male = 479, female = 1044, unspecified = 10). Data are collecting using parent child relationship open ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Content analysis and categorization were run for this research. The findings show that adolescents viewed sacrifice of mothers different from fathers. Gave birth, giving everything, always put her child’s as her life priorty viewed as mother sacrifices, while act as bread winner, worked hard, willing to do everything viewed as father sacrifices. Implication of the results will be discussed further. Key words: sacrifices, parent‐adolescents relationship.
357
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF RESPECT:
WITH SPECIFIC FOCUS ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THEIR PARENTS
In‐Soon Nam, Young‐Shin Park, Uichol Kim
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to analyze the conception of respect held by university students and their parents using indigenous psychological analysis. A total of 483 participants, consisting of 273 university students (male =92, female=181) and their parents (father=94, mothers=116) completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Park and Kim (2007). The results are as follows. First, as for the reason for respecting one’s father, respondents listed sincerity, sacrifice and for mothers, they listed sacrifice. Second, as for the reason for respecting one’s grandfather, respondents listed broad‐mindedness and consanguinity and for grandmother, they listed sacrifice. Third, as for the reason for respecting one’s teacher, respondents listed their teaching and for principal, they listed their administrative ability. Fourth, for the reason for respecting a religious leader, respondents listed self‐cultivation, social service. Fifth, for the reason for respecting politician, respondents listed social service. Keywords: respect, indigenous psychology, sincerity, sacrifice self‐regulation, broad‐mindedness
358
PERCEPTION OF JAPAN PEOPLE AND SOCIETY AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
AND THEIR PARENTS
Sung‐sook Jeon, Young‐Shin Park,
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of Japan society and people held by Korean high school students and their parents. A total of 570 participants, consisting of 190 high school students (male= 81, female=109), and their 380 parents (father=190, mother=190) completed a questionnaire developed by Park (2010). The results are as follows. First, high school students had a more negative view of Japan society than their parents by viewing it as being corrupt. Second, parents are more likely to view Japanese people as rational, democratic and cooperative than high school students. Third, high school students were more likely to view Japanese people as being conscious about their “face” than their parents. Fourth, high school students are more likely to view Japanese society as a tourist destination while their parents view it as an advanced nation. Fifth, for Japanese people, high school students listed dislike while their parents listed distance. Keywords: Perception of Japan, society, people, distance, advanced country
359
KOMITMEN IDENTITAS SOSIAL WANGSA GOLONGAN KSATRIA BALI
Made Diah Lestari
Universitas of Udayana
Masyarakat menghadirkan berbagai struktur sosial bagi individu. Struktur sosial adalah merupakan susunan atau konfigurasi dari unsur‐unsur sosial yang pokok dalam masyarakat, yaitu kelompok, kelas sosial, nilai dan norma sosial, dan lembaga sosial. Struktur sosial menghadirkan peran – peran dan ekspektasi peran bagi individu yang berada pada struktur tertentu. Pada beberapa masyarakat, struktur sosial yang terbentuk merupakan warisan dari budaya sebelumnya. Salah satu contohnya adalah sistem catur wangsa pada masyarakat Bali yang merupakan pembagian masyarakat yang dibangun dari sistem masyarakat agraris. Wangsa pada dasarnya adalah warna. Warna pada masyarakat agraris adalah sistem pembagian kelompok sosial berdasarkan pekerjaan dan tugas – tugas kemasyarakatan mereka, Brahmana, Ksatria, Wesya, dan Sudra. Namun pada penerapannya dalam kultur masyarakat feodal, warna beralih fungsi menjadi wangsa. Wangsa adalah sebuah identitas yang diwarisi turun temurun. Penelitian ini ingin melihat sejauh mana komitmen identitas sosial wangsa golongan ksatria Bali pada pasca era agraris saat ini. Bagaimana identitas tersebut bersaing dengan identitas lainnya dalam menentukan konsep diri ksatria Bali dan bagaimana pemaknaan mereka terhadap wangsa. Subyek penelitian ini adalah golongan ksatria Bali yang tersebar di seluruh kabupaten dan kotamadya di Bali. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner Komitmen Identitas Sosial Wangsa yang dikembangkan oleh Lestari (2003). Hasil yang diharapkan adalah adanya gambaran perihal peranan identitas wangsa golongan ksatria pasca era agraris di Bali yang akan dibahas kemudian. Kata kunci: Wangsa, warna, komitmen identitas sosial.
360
DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ABOUT FAMILY STRENGTH IN JAKARTA
Widya Risnawaty
Tarumanagara University
The concept of family strength has been studied in cross‐cultural studies in many countries. Family strength can be defined as the positive characteristic that became the foundation for the family in the face of challenge (Olson & DeFrain, 2004; 2006). This research is preliminary study, and the purpose of this study was to obtain a picture of family strength to families who live in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research method had been used is quantitative research with survey technique. Participant who were involved in this research were 190, ages between 18 – 65 years old. The results showed that there were 3 quality of family strength that stand out, which are spiritual well being, appreciation and affection, and positive communication.
Keywords: Family, family strength, spiritual well being, appreciation and
affection, and positive communication.
361
THE EFFECT OF AGREEABLENESS, NEUROTICISM AND POSITIVE DYADIC COPING
ON MARITAL SATISFACTION: ACTOR‐PARTNER INTERDEPENDENCE MODEL
Yonathan Aditya
Universitas Pelita Harapan
Carlo Magno
De La Salle University
The present study tested the effect of agreeableness, neuroticism, and positive dyadic coping on marital satisfaction among Christian couples in Indonesia. This study was guided by actor partner interdependence model (APIM) and the calculation was done with structural equation modeling (SEM). Self‐report data were collected from 203 couples in Indonesia. The results showed that husbands’ marital satisfaction was affected by their respective agreeableness, neuroticism and positive dyadic coping. Wives’ agreeableness, neuroticism, and positive dyadic coping do not have any significant effect on husbands’ marital satisfaction. On the other hand, wives’ marital satisfaction was affected by their respective positive dyadic coping, and their husbands’ positive dyadic coping and agreeableness. The implications of the findings were discussed. Keywords: Marital Satisfaction, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Positive Dyadic Coping, APIM, Indonesia.
362
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF JOB DISCONTENT AND THOUGHTS
ABOUT RESIGNATION AMONG KOREAN POLICE
Ji Hyuen An, Young‐Shin Park,
Inha University, Korea
The purpose of this study is to examine perception of job discontent and thoughts about resignation among Korean police using indigenous psychological analysis. A total of 459 police (male=420, female=39) working at 41 different locations completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Park (2011). The results are as follows. First, as for the most difficult aspect of their job, respondents listed difficulties in interpersonal relationships, followed by investigating a case, and complaints by citizens against the police. Second, most respondents did not feel job discontent, but some respondents listed low social status, and poor working environment. Third, as for their thoughts about resignation, respondents listed low salary, heavy workload, and poor working environment. Implications of the results for Korean police force and will be discussed. Keywords: Police, indigenous psychology, job discontent, thoughts about resignation, relationship, salary, workload, work environment
363
WHAT MAKES ADOLESCENTS RESPECT THEIR PARENTS?
AN EXPLORATION STUDY APPROACH FROM INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY
Dian Veronika Sakti Kaloeti, Hastaning Sakti
Diponegoro University
This research is aimed to explore what makes adolescents respect their parents. An indigenous approach of study was used in this research. Participants were 1523 university student (male = 479 ; female = 1044) at Diponegoro University completed an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2010). Content and thematic analysis were run for this study. Resulted show that there are eight factors makes adolescents respect their parents, i.e (1) Presence of the parents (2) Fulfilling emotional needs (3) helpfull sources (4) Fulfilling physical needs (5) Sacrifices (6) Fulfilling an ideal figure (7) Following the standar and social norms (8) Their parents respect their children. Both of father and mother have a similarity in that factors. Key words: respect, parent‐child relationship.
364
MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY AMONGUNIVERSITY STUDENTSIN DIFFERENT FIELD
OF STUDY
D S Arfensia, E R Surjaningrum
Faculty of Psychology ‐ Airlangga University Surabaya
Socio‐economic conditions of Indonesian society that is unstable has been affecting the health of individuals, not only in terms of physical but also mental health (Surjaningrum, 2008). The effort needs to be done for the promotion towards healthier behaviors is through the dissemination of information regarding mental health, or the so‐called mental health literacy. Sartorius (1998, in Surjaningrum, 2008) provides a definition of mental health as one's ability to think and learn, the ability to transform and understand and live the emotions that occur in him and his reactions to other people. The concept of disorder is important to do because of the difference between disorder and nondisorder constantly emerging and varied, except that each diagnosis requires the ability to differentiate the various disorders, and should also be clear concept of "mental disorder" that will differentiate the professional responsibilities of mental health with other professions (Wakefield, 1992).
In Indonesia, the treatment of patients with mental disorders are often still below the health standard, which indicates a poor understanding of the poor handling of patients with mental disorders (Latifah, 2005). With this background, became a requirement to reveal how the views of society, especially students, about mental health and achievement strategies, and what efforts are needed to establish or improve the mental health status. This is because the student is an agent of change, which is an element of society that will bring change for the better. In addition, students atthe universityhavedifferent interestsin the sciencethey are learningineachfacultyanddepartment. Contraststudy ofsciencewill certainlyaffecthow theyunderstand andmanagementalhealth. There were 269 participants who provided their response to the questionnaire. The data were descriptively analysed to provide percentage and categories.
Keywords: mental health literacy, health promotion, mental disorders
365
LEARNING MOTIVATION OF BADUY LUAR SOCIETY AT EQUALITY SCHOOL
Gilang Nandiaputri, Zarina Akbar
Psychology Department, Jakarta State University
This study aimed to give description about learning motivation of Baduy Luar society who learn at equality school. Approach of this study was qualitative approach with ethnograpic technique. There are two subjects of this study who learn at equality school, A and B program (paket A dan B). Data of this study was collected by three methods, observation, interview, and documentation. All data was analyzed by qualitative analyzing technique and verified by triangulation through sources and methods. Result of this study was all subjects had internal motivation and external motivation to learn at equality school. The first subject (S) had internal motivation when he learn at equality school B program. Internal motivation of S were willingness to get better skill, information, and spesific definition, future success, developing attitude, love the life, realizing his contribution to group, and eagerness to be accepted by others. While the external motivation of S were economics factor, qualification, condusive learning environment, and appreciation from others. The second subject (E) had internal motivation when she learn at equality school A program. Internal motivation of E were willingness to get better skill, information, and spesific definition, developing attitude, eagerness to be accepted by others. While the external motivation of E were economics factor, qualification, condusive learning environment, and appreciation from others. Both subjects had five factors which influenced their learning motivation, such as family, culture, school, and self. These influences caused differece at quality of mativation of each subject. Keywords : learning motivation, Baduy Luar society
366
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL ATTACHMENT AND SELF‐ESTEEM
AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Dr. NadiaAyub
Department of Business Psychology, Institute of Business Management,
Korangi Creek Pakistan
The aim of this investigation was to analyze the relationship between parental attachment and self‐esteem among adolescents. Based on literature review it was hypothesized that is parental attachments is positively related to self‐esteem. Furthermore, there would be a gender difference on the variable of parental attachments and self‐esteem among adolescents. A sample of 150 students (75 males and 75 females) was selected from different colleges of Karachi, Pakistan. The age of the participants ranged from 18‐21 years (with mean age of 18.56 years). Their educational level was at least intermediate and socioeconomic status was lower, middle and high class. The inventory of Parental attachment
(Armsden, G., & Greenberg, M; 1987) and Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) were used to measure parental attachment and self‐esteem. In order to interpret the results Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficients was calculated to assess the relationship between parental attachments is positively related to self‐esteem. Keywords: Parental attachment, self‐esteem, gender difference
367
MODEL OF TRUST FORMATION TO THE MOTHER: A COMPARISON BETWEEN
MALE AND FEMALE ADOLESCENTS
Chua Bee Seok, Rosnah Ismail, Ph.D, Uichol Kim, Ph.D , Ooh Seow Ling, Hon
Kai Yee
University of Malaysia Sabah
Trustis important for the good functioning of interpersonal relations. Itis arelationalconceptthat providessecurity, harmony, and welfarefor individuals, family members, and the whole community. This conceptfirst developed in family atmosphere as a result of the strong and intimate parent‐child relationship. It is extended to other family members, close friends and later to the community (Choi & Kim, 2004). The purpose of this study was to examine trust elicited by male and female adolescents toward their mothers, for developing a more contextualized understanding of the way trust in mother emerges when the factor of gender are considered. Data were collected from 1,021 undergraduate students (males = 241, female = 780) in one of the higher education institution in Malaysia. The respondents were asked to complete a set of open‐ended questions to elicit information on trust. Data were analyzed using the indigenous psychology approach through categorization, open coding, and axial coding. A model of trust formation to the mother was proposed by comparing between male adolescents and the female adolescents based on their own experience of trust in their mothers. Implications of findings are discussed and directions for future research are described. KEYWORDS: Trust, Mother, Gender, Indigenous Psychology.
368
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL VALUES
IN RESILIENCE BUILDING BLOCK IN BATAK MANDAILING TRIBE
Ihsana Sabriani Borualogo
Universitas Islam Bandung
Individuals face various problems in daily life. Individuals are required to be able to solve those problems and still have the psychological well‐being to still be able to continue their lives as well. This capability is referred to as resilience. Recent studies of resilience describe the role of culture in forming individual resilience. Indonesia has so many different cultures, one of which is the tribe of Batak Mandailing. There are 9 values in tribal culture is taught by parents to their children, namely kinship, religion, hagabeon (many offspring and longevity), hasangapon (glory, dignity, charisma), hamoraon (wealthy), hamajuon (progress obtained through a wander to study), legal, shelter and conflict (Harahap, 1987: 133). This paper describes how the role of cultural values in the process of resilience building block in the Batak Mandailing tribe in a review of indigenous psychology and use Grotberg theory of resilience building block. Respondents of this research are 46 individuals Batak Mandailing (17‐22 years old). Data captured by using questionnaires to measure their understanding of cultural values, the values that are considered important in their lives using the Rokeach Value Survey, and a questionnaire to measure the ability of individual resilience. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Keywords: resilience, indigenous psychology, cultural values
369
PERCEIVED SOURCES OF UNDERGADUATE STUDENT’S HAPPINNESS:
A NETWORK ANALYSIS
Anggita DianCahyani, Johana Endang Prawitasari
Faculty of Psychology Gadjah Mada University
This study aims to explore things that are considered to be a source of happiness of students. The research was divided into two stages scenarios: 1. Exploration of the things considered as a source of happiness of students (n = 91) using the open‐closed questionnaire; 2. Network analysis of perceived sources of happiness (n = 232). The result is that there are eleven categories of perceived sources of happiness of udergraduate students: achievement; friends; recreation; desire is achieved, the family, parents, money, friends, affection; shopping; worship. The linkage that occurs between the source of happiness is dominated by the role of mediation that can be taken to mean that happiness is not a destination for students, but a causal process with a variety of sources that are thought to bring happiness for happiness itself. Key words: happiness, network analysis, social representations
370
VISUAL THERAPY IN MALAYSIAN CONTEMPORARY POSTER: A STUDY ON ‘TAK
NAK’ STOP SMOKING CAMPAIGN
SaifulAkramChe Cob, MohdHafizul Bin Idham, Dr.Hj. Ghazali Bin Daimin,
Dr.AmerShakir Bin Zainol
Faculty of Art & Design, University Teknologi Mara
This writing is an exploration of the role of visualsas therapeutic medium for human being. The authors focuses on the ‘taknak’ (say no to) smoking campaign promoted by the Malaysian Ministry of Health since 2004 as a main subject to be scrutinize. The appropriateness of the visual, its information and expression is seen by the authors as factors for the successfulcampaign for the public and its audience. This is accordance to a concept which stated that each visual statement presented to the condition and the appropriate cultural background in the community who adhere to a culture (Budhisantoso, 2000).Visuals as seen by the authors is a tool in conveying information based on popular analogy ‘a picture is worth a thousand words’. This campaign has proven successful in obtaining awareness of the audience when it was polemical in major newspapers and other media discussing the visual that appears on this campaign.
371
OPTIMISM AND COPING AMONG WOMEN WHO SURVIVED BREAST CANCER
Dr. Agnes Crisostomo
Bulacan State University
This is primarily an exploratory descriptive‐qualitative research which aims to investigate the relationship of optimism and attribution with the coping behaviours of women who have survived breast cancer. Likewise, socio‐demographic variable, changes in their lifestyles, including marital and family changes were factors were investigated, for these are all vital areas of a woman’s life. The general problem of the study is to identify the relationship of the level of Optimism and Attribution with the Coping behaviours adopted by the breast cancer survivors. Participants were 47 breast cancer survivors who were all members of the Breast Care Center Support Group of the Philippine General Hospital. Standardized instruments (such as Life Orientation Test, 1985 and COPE, 1985,) as well as interviews were used a means of gathering data. Correlation analysis was used to determine the extent of relationship among the specified variables i.e. a. between optimism and COPE scores and b. between selected demographic variables (i.e. age, educational qualification, marital status, income and number of children) and COPE scores. Likewise, Content analysis was used for the analysis of the patients’ level of Attribution. Data revealed that the 47 women were always optimistic about their future and most of them believed it is their lifestyle which has caused them their cancer, followed by accidental injury. On the changes on relationship experienced d by the survivors, most of them said that their spouses had been very supportive mainly on the emotional aspect. On Problem‐Focused Coping the higher percentage was recorded on Planning which says “I give everything to find solution to their problem” while on Emotion‐Focused Coping, the highest score was received by the category Turning to Religion, saying “ I already lift up everything to God”. This shows that among Filipinos, their faith proved to be every important in coping. Under the socio‐demographic data, Educational Attainment is found to be correlated with Instrumental Support and Restraint Coping while Civil Status is correlated with Active Coping. Income proves to correlate with most Coping
372
Behaviors such as Suppression of Competing Activities, Instrumental Support, Positive Coping, Denial, Acceptance and Religion. The number of children of the respondents correlates with Active Coping while the number of years that they have been survivors of cancer was correlated with Planning. In the present age when one’s health is becoming the main focus of concern. One obvious direction seen for this research is the examination of its predictive utility in the field of health such devising an intervention program which can help cancer survivors influence their subsequent coping, prolong their survival and eventually live a higher quality of life.
373
UNDERSTANDING THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RADICALIZATION AND THE ROLE OF
PEACEBUILDING
BimalDahal, Uttam Ghimire
Payap University
This presentation aims to identify the circumstances that radicalize people to oppose the state. The focus is on the role of the cultural components in influencing group behaviors. The use of violence suggests an inherent pattern entrenched in the socio‐political and cultural realities, for it is sanctioned by cultures, and guided by the action taken by the state and other stakeholders. Therefore, violence is a relational phenomenon. By employing critical theory and discourse analysis on the contextualized violent phenomenon, this presentation seeks to know under what specific conditions people employ violence against the state, and how do they decide and how do they react against the state in different socio‐cultural conditions. This presentation also attempts to understand how peacebuilding can intervene into the conflict to defuse or alter that specific condition responsible for violence
374
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF‐EFFICACY AND ACADEMIC PROCRATINATION
Pramudita Tungga Dewi
Faculty of Psychology GadjahMada University
This research is a correlational research that aims to prove the negative correlation between self efficacy and academic procrastination. The hypothesis of this research was there is negative correlation between self efficacy and academic procrastination. The subjects of this research were 106 students in Psychology Faculty of Ahmad Dahlan University Yogyakarta. The scales that used in this research were modificated from Self Efficacy Scale by Nugroho (2002) and Academic Procrastination Scale by Nurpitasari (2001). The researcher analyzed this research by using Pearson Product Moment correlation method. The result showed that self efficacy was a negatively related to academic procrastination. It means the higher student’s self efficacy then their academic procrastination level becomes lower, and on the contrary, lower student’s self efficacy then their academic procrastination level becomes higher. Keyword: self efficacy, academic procrastination.
375
TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON CHILD‐LED DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
STRATEGIES TO INCREASE CHILDREN’S RESILIENCE: A CASE STUDY
Dian Fikriani
Monash University
Children are often considered to be the vulnerable group affected by disasters. Employing child participation in disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies is proposed to help children to be more resilient to the effects of natural disaster. Drawing on the social construction of childhood as a conceptual framework, the study examined the cultural context of child participation in Indonesian early childhood education (ECE) settings perceived by the teachers. This context defined the teachers’ role in supporting child‐led DRR strategies in ECE settings. A qualitative case study of seven teachers from two community‐based early childhood education centres (Pos Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini or Pos PAUD) in Bantul, Jogjakarta, Indonesia, was conducted to understand teachers’ perspectives in child‐led DRR strategies. The study reveals that the concept of child participation is a social construct influenced by traditional beliefs of children’s position in the society that values a hierarchical adult‐child relationship based on respect. The context of child participation in Indonesia, as found in this study, highlights the common interests as a primary concern rather than child participation as a fulfillment of individual rights. The findings suggest that teachers’ role in realizing child‐led DRR strategies is framed within the dialogues between teachers, children and families to interpret children’s ‘voice’ in the learning process according to the cultural values practiced in the society.
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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERCEIVED CULTURAL VARIABLES AND ITS IMPACT
ON SUBJECTIVE WELL‐BEING IN VIETNAMESE & INDIAN ORGANIZATIONS –
ANALYSIS OF SELECT CASES
Abhijit Gangopadhyay
SIBME Vietnam
The recent changes in socio‐technical systems in the macro climatic variables organization have significant effect on the people process. The study is an attempt to assess the impact on subjective well‐being employees engaged in operational level of emerging and fast growing developing corporate sectors in Vietnam and India. The objectives of the study are described below:
1. To measure and evaluate the level of subjective well‐being and select personality variables of the employee.
2. To measure and evaluate the perception of the employees regarding organizational climatic and cultural variables.
3. To study inter‐relationship between the levels of well‐being, perceived organizational climate and select personality variables of the employees.
4. To compare the level of subjective well‐being and organizational climate between two fast growing economy in Asian region.
5. The study covers the impact of such cultural factors on micro psycho‐social factors affecting quality of life and feeling of alienation.
The following concepts were studied for the purpose of the research:
Subjective well‐being: The happiness or satisfaction with life in general of the individual employee.
Social desirability: The‐deceptive positivity (an honest but overly positive self‐presentation) and impression management (self‐presentation tailored to an audience) of the individual employee.
Solidarity: The satisfaction all the members feel in one another’s company and in working together as a team.
Spontaneity: The degree of openness with people in the organization speaks and deals with one another without fear of criticism and or rejection.
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Self‐identity: The extent to which members show self confidence show self‐confidence and a sense of self‐worth with clear acceptance of their strengths and weaknesses.
The three variables viz; ‘solidarity’, ‘spontaneity’ and ‘self‐identity’ are considered as the major cultural variables for the purpose of the study. A self‐administered structured questionnaire consisting of sixty items was used to collect data for the present study. The stratified random sample was drawn from the senior, middle and junior level of managerial cadre of the selected organizations. The total number of sample selected for the study was 80. The quantitative data analysis was supported by collection of qualitative information from the respondent.
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THE INFLUENCES OF CHILDREN SONGS AND PICTURE CARDS FOR THENUTRITION
KNOWLEDGE (PUGS AND PHBS) AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS INBOGOR, WEST
JAVA
Imam Saloso,PanjiAzahari B TAhudi, NazhifGifari,TagorSyahputra H,Imam Faqih
SitiMadanijah
The purpose of this study to determine the effects of nutrition education through songs children media and picture cards to increase their knowledge about nutrition (PUGS and PHBS) at children's elementary schools in the city of Bogor. The study was conducted with 109 sample students. Design used in this study was an quasy experimental study with a pretest‐posttest control group design. The research conducted in Bogor, West Java with selected purposively. The result of pre‐test from control group of nutrition knowledge was not showed significant with the children songs treatment (p = 0.511; p<0.05). The same as, in the result of pre‐test between control groups and the treatment of picture cards with a value of (p = 0,783, p < 0,05). The results of post‐test between the control and treatment groups showed a song with a significant difference (p = 0.000, p <0.05) then, the result from post‐test group and the control of the media treatment of picture cards showing a significant difference with (p = 0.000, p <0.05 ). The conclusion showed that children songs and picture cards of media could improved children's nutritional knowledge at elementary school. Keywords: Children Songs, Picture Cards, Nutrition Knowledge (PUGS and PHBS), Elementary School.
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COMPARING PATERNALISTIC LEADERSHIP WITH RELATIONSHIP‐ORIENTED AND
TASK‐ORIENTED LEADERSHIP STYLES IN TERMS OF EMPLOYEE OUTCOMES
Asli Göncü, H. Canan Sümer
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
Leader‐follower relationship has been shown to be a critical determinant of follower performance, productivity (e.g., Neil & Kirby, 1985), work satisfaction, and motivation (e.g., Singer, 1985). The present study aimed to explore consequences of paternalistic leadership (PL) style which is welcome in cultural contexts high on power distance and collectivism (Aycan, 2006) in a comparative framework where the effects of relationship and task‐oriented leadership styles on the same outcome variables are investigated. Specifically, positive follower outcomes of these three leadership styles and the moderating role of followers’ social identification with the work group in these relationships are investigated in a moderated meditational model. It was found that PL was more positively associated with leadership effectiveness and low responsibility attributions for negative leader behaviors both directly and through its effect on attraction towards the leader than other two leadership styles. General leadership effectiveness, in turn, was related to followers’ job satisfaction.
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A RELAXATION MUSIC FOR GOOD MENTAL HEALTH: A PSYCHOLOGICAL
EXPERIMENT FOR RELATION BETWEEN MUSIC AND LISTENING SPACE
Yasuhiro Goto
Hokusei Gakuen University
Two experiments were performed in order to examine an effect of relaxation music for good mental health in terms of listening space. In Experiment 1 two types of BGM were prepared and a change of room evaluation was investigated in terms of types of BGM: Used BGM as a room acoustics were “relaxation music” and “no‐relaxation music.” Participants were asked to rate the degree of harmony between music and room interior design. In Experiment 2 the change in the impression and the likes and dislikes concerning this room were examined by using two types of lightening: relaxation lighting and ordinary lighting. 60 participants were asked to rate the impression and the likes and dislikes concerning this room. Results of these experiments show that the room interior design was estimated more calm when BGM was relaxation music and such music is suited to good mental health.
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ETHNOCENTRISM IN BETAWI PEOPLE
Intagliaharsanti, Yudha Auria
Gunadarma University
From the beginning of story, most of Betawi people are slaves and workers. It is a very hard things for betawi people to modernize. Economically they are poor, and have no political representatives. The fact is betawi people is not the majority in Jakarta. There are some ethnic people lives in Jakarta, such as Javanese (35,16%), Betawi (27,65%), Sundanese (15, 7%), Chinese (5,53%), Batak (3,61%), Minangkabau (3,18%), Malay (1,62%), Bugese (0,59%), Madura (0,57%), Bantenese (0,25%), Banjar (0,10%), and other (6,48%). This led to anxiety on them. So they build an attitude among them to unlike the newcomers and hate them so they can prevent their goals, their life in betawi land. This ethnocentrism behavior are interesting to learn because from previous research this behavior are correlate with education. The aim of this research is to determine the differences of ethnocentrism among betawi adults with high education and low education. This research are held in Kampung Makasar, Jakarta Timur and takes 60 people lives there. From independent sample test we get the result that there is a significant differences of ethnocentrism between betawi people with high education and low education (F= 0,000 (p < 0,01)). Key words: ethnocentrism, betawi people
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“MACEKI”, JUDI ATAUKAH BUDAYA?
I Gusti Ayu Putu Wulan Budisetyani
University of Udayana
Judi merupakan suatu aktivitas yang bertentangan dengan hukum negara di berbagai belahan di dunia, namun aktivitas ini sangat sulit diberantas karena konon memang lebih tua dari hukum itu sendiri. Bali sebagai salah satu potret kehidupan masyarakat tradisional yang masih mempertahankan tradisinya di tengah gempuran era globalisasi‐informasi ini. Masyarakat Bali juga mengenal tradisi judi bahkan berkembang menjadi budaya dan kadang‐kadang dicampuradukkan dengan ajaran agama. Terdapat beberapa jenis judi tradisional yang tumbuh dan berkembang dalam kehidupan masyarakat Bali hingga saat ini, antara lain Tajen (sabung ayam), Ceki, Kocokan, Bola Adil, dll. Biasanya permainan judi tradisional ini dilakukan untuk mengisi waktu istirahat atau jeda ketika ada upacara keagamaan atau acara duka‐cita (upacara kematian yang disebut manusa
yadnya).Bahkan permainan judi ceki dianggap sebagai salah satu alat bersosialisasi bagi masyarakat Bali. Konon ada kenikmatan tersendiri ketika memainkan ceki (maceki) dan bukan masalah menang‐kalah atau uang semata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian awal yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai persepsi generasi muda Bali terhadap permainan judi ceki. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan subjek berjumlah 10 orang pemuda Bali yang berusia antara 25‐ 30 tahun yang gemar atau rutin bermain judi ceki. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan angket open‐ended question. Hasil keseluruhan dari penelitian ini akan dibahas kemudian. Kata Kunci: Judi, Ceki, budaya Bali
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS ON FUTURE ASPIRATION:
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Candra Indraswari, Muhamad Taqiyudin, Kwartirini W. Yuniarti, Uichol Kim
University of Gadjah Mada
Aim of this research was to identify students’ futuristic goals based on social economic status of their families. There were 248 middle school students (118 males and 130 females) participated in this study. Open ended questionaire was used in the survey. Futuristic goal is something that they would like to achieve in the future. The data were categorized and analyzed. There were four theme on goals, namely: (1) good subjective well being, (2) having professional skills, (3) helping others and (4) entrepreneurship. Demographically, the study covered about 35,08% of students with low income families and 27,82% of students with average income familie’s standard of living, they have mentioned (62,90%). Following this theme of (1) professional skill are (62,90%), (2) helping others are (17,74%), (3) good subjective will being are (12,90%), (4) entrepreneurship (4,84%). Results indicate that most of the students with average family has having professional skills because future description for them is more likely to be in professional work. In Indonesia someone who has professional work, they definitely has high appreciation in society. These findings, however, will be explored further in group discussion to confirm and getting more understanding on the data.
Keywords: futuristic goals, social economic status.
384
A COMPARISON BETWEEN RELIGIOUS MINORITIES AND THEIR
DOMINANTCOUNTERPARTS ON SELF‐ESTEEM IN PAKISTAN
Dr. Shahid Iqbal
Federal Urdu University
The present study aimed to investigate the level of self‐esteem among religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) by making a comparison with their dominant counterparts (Muslims) in Pakistan. Based on literature review it was hypothesized that adolescents of religious minorities would have lower level of self‐esteem than their dominant counterparts. In the present study 320 adolescents participated, in which 160 adolescents belonged to minority religious groups (i.e. 76 Christians and 84 Hindus) and 160 adolescents belonged to dominant religious group i.e. Muslims. To assess self‐esteem of the participants, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) was used. In order to interpret the results One Way Analysis of Variance was employed to analyze the data in statistical terminology. The results reveal that religious minority adolescents (Christians and Hindus) inclined to have lower self‐esteem as compared to their dominant counterpart (Muslim adolescents). Avenues for future research, limitations and implications have also been suggested. Keywords: Self‐esteem, religious minorities, dominant counterparts
385
PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH PROMOTION ON THE DISEASE CASE OF DENGUE
FEVER (DF) VIEWED BY PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT AND SENSE OF
COMMUNITY
Francisca Josef, Tina Afiatin
Norwegian Red Cross
Dengue Fever (DF) and its severe form, Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), are major causes of morbidity and mortality for human beings. The cases of DF illness always increases in every year, especially when flood disaster occurred. Geographic position of Indonesia in tropical area made every province is DF endemic area. In 1997, there were 31.784 people and 156.697 people in 2007 who suffered from DHF. The Indonesian government conduct the community empowerment program as follows trainings for cadres of DHF prevention (Jumantik PSN DBD) in the communities and conduct the DHF prevention campaign in the schools in order to decrease the case number of DHF patients. The aims of this research as follows: (1) to know the influence of the Psychological Empowerment to the Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF; (2) to know the influence of the Sense of Community to Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF; and (3) to know the effective contribution from both Psychological Empowerment or Sense of Community toward Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF.The predictor variables are Psychological Empowerment and the Sense of Community. Criterium variable is Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF. The participants of this research were 137 women with specific criteria: married, high school as the minimum education level, and has their own income. This research was conducted in Sleman District, the specific coverage area in Community Health Center (Puskesmas) of Gamping, Depok, Mlati, Kalasan, and Prambanan. The statistical data analysis had been used for this research was regression analysis. The result of regression analysis shown: (1) Both of the Psychological Empowerment and the Sense of Community have influenced on the Participation
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in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF (R = 0,436; p = 0,000), (2) the Psychological Empowerment has influenced on the Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF (r = 0,314; p = 0,000), (3) the Sense of Community has insignificant influenced on the Participation in Health Promotion on the Disease Case of DF (r = 0,100; p = 0,247); (4) Both predictor variables contributes 19% to the criterium variable (R square = 0,190).
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AN ACTION RESEARCH STUDY OF STUDENTS' REACTION AND PERCEIVED
ENHANCEMENT OF THEIR CONCENTRATION THROUGH THE PRACTICE OF
DOODLE ART
Dr. Lalit Kishore
Centre for Communicative English India
It is held by most psychologists that the higher the concentration span, the better is the mental health. Keeping this view, the effect of converting the doodling habit, considered as the lack of attention, into doodle art on students' (N=25, age‐group: 11‐14 years, urban setting) concentration was studied using the action research methodology. The objectives of the study were: (1) To expose students to the technique of doodle art; (2)To provide practice to students on the basis of doodle‐a‐day for two weeks; and (3)To study students' reactions and responses on the perceived betterment of concentration. The students were given the daily practice of doodle art on business card‐sized pieces for two weeks. It was found that students reacted significantly positive (N=25; p<0.01; DF=1; chi‐squared test) and their perceived level of concentration got enhanced at 0.05 levels of significance on the basis of t‐test analysis. Keywords: Concentration span, doodle art, mental health
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OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG ACADEMIC WOMEN IN VIETNAM
Van ThanhLE, Htwe Htwe Thein, Siobhan Austen
Curtin University
Purpose ‐ The present research aims to bring deeper understanding and insight to perceptions and experiences of occupational stress and associated coping mechanisms in the unique cultural context of Vietnam. The study also examines differences in perceptions of occupational stress and the coping mechanisms across subgroups of women (age, education background, occupational roles & level, marital status and experience) and makes a comparison with perspectives in other cultures. Design/methodology/approach ‐ A qualitative, grounded theory approach is used to study occupational stress by collecting data from in‐depth interviews with 42 academic women employed at Vietnamese higher education institutions to understand the meaning that these women attach to occupational stress: the nature and source of the occupational stress they experience; the impact of occupational stress on their lives; and the coping mechanisms they deploy in response to occupational stress. Findings ‐ Cultural factors play an important role in occupational stress. Cultural factors influence experiences of occupational stress and the ways occupational stress is responded to. The Vietnamese context differs from other cultural contexts in the range of factors perceived as stressors for Vietnamese women. Practical implications: The study findings can be used to give voice to Vietnamese women experiencing occupational stress; to inform university policy makers with regard to occupational stress experienced by women in Vietnamese higher education; and to benefit scholars studying occupational stress in different cultural contexts via a conceptual consideration of the cultural aspects of occupational stress. Originality/value: The paper adds to the few extant studies on occupational stress which have used grounded theory. By so doing, gaps in the existing grounded theory research on occupational stress are identified and proposals for future
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occupational stress research are put forward. This research is the first grounded theory study of occupational stress among women academics in Vietnam that determines that cultural factors play an important role in how women understand and respond to occupational stress and supports the growing evidence that occupational stress is common, global but different in other cultures. Key words: Grounded theory research, Vietnam, occupational stress, Confucian culture
390
CONCEPT MAPPING ANALYSIS OF HAPPENSTANCE IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Sang Min Lee, Sang Hee Lee, Sang Soo Shin, Yu Ran Seo, Jong Seon Han, Bo
Young Oh, Jin Hui Park
Korea University
The importance of happenstance has been discussed continuously in career development research (Bandura, 1982; Pryor and Bright, 2003; Krumboltz, 2009). However, the meaning of happenstance in career development is not scientifically and operationally defined. To explore how people perceive the meaning of happenstance in their career development, the concept mapping analysis was conducted. Furthermore, its magnitude of influence on their career development was examined. Twenty‐five college students participated in the interview. First, the focus question was given to the participants and they made statements as an answer. Next, researchers analyzed the interview protocols and induced their statements. Finally, researchers asked again participants to categorize their statements. The coded data was analyzed through multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical cluster analysis. Through these steps of concept mapping analysis, dimensions and clusters of happenstance occurring in career development were identified. The results of this study would contribute to develop the meaning of happenstance
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FACTORS AFFECTING ANGER AMONG MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS
Lailawati Madlan
University Malaysia Sabah
Anger is one among other negative emotions that can impact an individual’s psychological and physical state of mind. Previous studies have found that anger are associated with a reduction in forgiving others (McCullough, Bono & Root, 2007) and delays in blood pressure recovery (Glynn, Christenfeld & Gerrin, 2001). However, anger does have its positive qualities such as mobilizing psychological resources, energizing corrective behaviour and also protecting an individual’s self esteem (Taylor & Navaco, 2005). The purpose of this study was to gather anger triggering events from respondents and consecutively find the factors that affect anger between male and female respondents. A total of 1,004 undergraduate students from a higher education institution in Malaysia were involved in this study. Respondents were asked to complete a set of open‐ended questions to elicit information on anger. Data were analyzed using the indigenous psychology approach through the process of categorization, open coding and axial coding. Implications of findings are discussed and directions for future research are described. Keywords: Factors affecting anger, Gender, Indigenous Psychology
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TRUST TOWARDS FATHER AMONG YOUNG ADULTS: AN INDIGENOUS
PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY
Mohd Dahlan, Patricia Joseph Kimong, Rejani.T.G, Rosnah Ismail
University of Malaysia Sabah
Abstract (100‐150 words): The aim of this study is to explore trust towards father among young adults with diverse cultural and ethnic background. Data was collected from 1037 undergraduate students from one of the universities in Malaysia by using an open ended questions related to various aspects of trust towards father. Qualitative data was analyzed through categorization, open coding and axial coding. Results showed that young adults trusted their father mainly because of their personality characteristics, for being responsible, for showing nurturance behavior and for bringing them up. Other reasons for trusting fathers included being biological, showing attachment, positive attitude and behavior of the father, and for giving motivation and guidance. The findings and implications of the study will be discussed. Key words: Trust, father, young adults, indigenous Psychology
393
WHY SOME JUDGES ARE GOOD AND SOME ARE NOT
Çantika Marlangen
University of Indonesia Judge is the only component of the judiciary who is entitled to decide punishment for defendant. Many judges are found to accept bribes and can be influenced by certain parties when reaching verdict. However, among them actions, some judges do not conform to these deviant actions. This research aims to describe the Rest’s Four Component Model of Moral Behavior (moral sensitivity, moral judgment, moral motivation and moral character) on judges. Subject of this research are three judges, considered by public as just. Through interviews and observations researcher found shame and disappointment on moral sensitivity; knowledge of right and wrong actions on moral judgment; the values of religion, education ever undertaken and models on moral motivation; and establishment of character and unwavering courage as things that can affect the occurrence of moral action.
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PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT AMONGTEACHER IN REMOTE AREA
(QUALITATIVE STUDY IN SUNGAI PALEMBANG DISTRICT, LAMPUNG PROVINCE)
Nancy Riana, HerdiyanMaulana
State University of Jakarta
This research was aimed to get more comperhensive describtion about adjustment for the teacher in remote area.The research approach used was case study research. Data was gained by using observation, interview, and documentation technique. In this research sample that used by researcher was one person. Characteristics of the person that appears is the tacher who is a pioneer in the teaching of SDS in Sungai Palembang, have a strong determination to become teachers in the countryside, attended a school in Sungai Palembang and still works as a teacher in Sungai Palembang. The result of this study showed the subject to make adjustments in dealing with the problems for a teacher in Sungai Palembang. The adjustment can be illustrated by way of lookingat the topic of the importance of education, the ability to resolve conflict in the Sungai Palembang at the time of dismissal and explusion of matter, a positive assessment of oneself, the ability to control the emotions with patience and a sense of help to the high teachers colleagues and the students. It is influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors in the adjustment is motivation, interest, intelligence and religion. External factors are a family, the environment, and co‐workers. Keyword: Psychology Adjustment, Teacher, Education
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SOCIAL CAPACITY BUILDING FACING THE ENVIRONMENT DISASTER
EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY THROUGH REDIAL APPROACH
(ENHANCING RIGHT RESPONSES FOR DISASTER BY SOCIAL SUPPORT)
Estrina Maya L. N, Nessa Permana, MulinNi’am,
Rury Ervina S,Tyas S.
Islamic University of Indonesia
Environmental problems that ended in disaster in Indonesia is very complex, environmental degradation can be caused by human activity (antrophogenic) and the dynamics of nature (natural). Earthquakes are one of the environmental disasters that often occur in Indonesia because it is a region surrounded by plate tectonics. One of the earthquake‐prone region is Hamlet Gantiwarno, Klaten, Central Java. Prevention system has been done is still to be curative. This has resulted in unpreparedness citizens in the face of the possibility of earthquakes because it is still the lack of education in responding to earthquakes. For that we need some basic training related to earthquake preparedness, where the model of learning approaches that are implemented in this activity refers to the principles of experience‐based response. Set of instruments of education provided in this Gantiwarno citizens through REDIAL approach that consists of 5 stages is Calming Down, Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT), Knowing & Doing, Between Us, Practising and Evaluating. The result of this training is a training module design and appropriate behavioral responses quake and formed CBDM (Community Based Disaster Management), an independent.
Keywords : environmental degradation, earthquake, REDIAL
396
TRUST AMONG ADULT CHILD‐MOTHER RELATIONSHIP:
AN INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALAYSIAN SAMPLE
Puteri Hayati Megat Ahmad, Beddu Salam Baco, Mohamad Azhar Mohammad
Nor
University of Malaysia Sabah
Trust is the building block to all relationships. It is the most important predictor of satisfaction in relationships between child and mother. Children put more trust to their mothers than anyone else. The aim of this study is to examine trust among adult child‐mother relationship,specifically to investigate to what extent the child trust their mothers and the reasons why they trust or distrust their mothers. A total number of 1024 undergraduate students in one of the higher education institution in Malaysia were asked to complete the questions about “how much they trust their mothers and why?” The data was analyzed through categorization, open coding, and axial coding. The results showed that children trust their mothers very much mainly because of their mothers gave birth to them as compared to other reasons. The implication of the study will be discussed.
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HAPPINESS IN PEOPLE WITH LOW VISION AT SYAMSI DHUHA
FOUNDATIONBANDUNG
Hilda Saptarini, Suci Nugraha, Farida Coralia
Bandung Islamic University
Physical barriers become one of factor that can inhibit the individual in fulfilling development tasks. Pepole with Low Vision in Syamsi Dhuha Foundation recognizes that there are some development tasks of early adulthood that they have not fulfilled. According to Havighurst (1980), when individuals are unable to fulfil their development tasks, they will feel unhappy. Pepole with Low Vision at Syamsi Dhuha Foundation that showed a different condition that they’re have indications of positive emotions or happiness in facing the 'problematic' period and physical limitations. The number of subjects of this research as many as 10 individuals who have low vision. Data were collected using happiness standard instrument of Martin E. P Seligman (2005) which consists of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (5 items), Approaches to Happiness Questionnaire (15 items), Optimism Test (26 items), and the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (48 items). Overall, the results showed that subjects feel the happiness even they have limitations to do routine activities. 30% of subjects feel happy in the life of the past, 90% of subjects feel happy in the life nowadays, and 90% of subjects feel happy in the life of the future. That subjects who have used their strength and sense gratification have feel happy in life nowadays. The strength of hope that directs the subject to feel quite optimistic about the future and make subjects feel happy in the life of the future. Unhappiness about past life in some of subjects happened because that subjects do not develop optimal strength of grateful and strength of forgiving. Key words: happiness, low vision, strength
398
TRISANDYA UNTUK MENURUNKAN AGRESIVITAS PADA ANAK‐ANAK
Putu Nugrahaeni Widiasavitri
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Tri Sandya atau Sembahyang Tri Sandya dapat menurunkan tingkat agresivitas anak. Tri Sandya berasal dari kata Tri yang berarti tiga, dan Sandya berarti memusatkan pikiran kepada Tuhan. Dalam Tri Sandya atau sembahyang Tri Sandya, umat Hindu di Indonesia umumnya didahului dengan sikap baik (Asana) dilanjutkan dengan mengatur jalannya nafas (Pranayama). Pranayama dilakukan untuk menyeimbangkan prana tubuh, sehingga pikiran menjadi bebas dari gangguan emosi. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan A‐B design. Analisis data menggunakan analisis grafik. Subyek adalah anak‐anak usia 9 sampai dengan 12 tahun yang menunjukkan gejala agresivitas verbal maupun fisik. Pemberian Tri Sandya, diharapkan mampu menurunkan tingkat agresivitas subyek. Hasil keseluruhan penelitian ini akan dibahas kemudian. Kata Kunci: Tri Sandya, Agresivitas Anak
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PERSONAL SATISFACTION IN JAMU GENDONG SELLERS
Arifah Nur Basyiroh, Ainin Amariana
University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Jamu is a herbal medicine that has been known for a long time in Indonesia. Recently, this herb is also considered a traditional heritage. So many kinds of jamu with each benefit that are believed to help maintain human’s health. In modern times, there are severalnumbers of Indonesian that seeks to preserve traditional medicine. One example is jamu gendong sellers who usually manufacturedhome industry. In the middle of the domination of the many instantherbal medicine on the market, jamu gendong sellers exist. Although the economic gain is not really weel‐turned. This paper aims to review the personal satisfaction in carrying over the herbalist profession. Data obtained by means of interviews with five subjects who worked as a jamu sellers. The data show that jamu gendong sellers are happy when able to help the family economy, able to share the benefits of the others and met with so many different characteristics of customers. Keyword: personal satisfaction, jamu gendong
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND THEIR CULTURES AT THE MELTING POINT IN INDIA
Dr. Karma Oraon, Prof. Ashok Oraon
Ranchi University
In India most vulnerable situation have arised before the indigenous people that their cultures have become the target of dominant cultures and situations have become alarming because convertion to the Hindu mode of life and the Christianity have been going on among the indigenous people. Some of the indigenous cultures have largely accepted the Hindu mode of religious pantheon and culture elements and similar situation has been continuing the convertion into Christianity for the last many centuries. It appears the indigenous and tribal cultures are at the verge of extinction but the protest from indigenous cultural groups are evident but of no use. The general awareness among the indigenous and tribal people are no doubt spear heading campaigns to safeguard their age old traditional cultures in the form of folk traditions which they have had from ancestors. The situations warrant the attention of the scholars of today who are involved in the study of indigenous and tribal cultures .
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EMOTIONAL EMPATHY DIFFERENCES IN TERMS OF PERCEPTION OF SCHOOL
CULTURE AND PARENTING STYLES AMONG SCHOOL OF PSYCHOLOGY
UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA STUDENTS
BenediktusAdiPrasetyo, Rizqy Amelia Zein
UniversitasAirlangga
This research is aimed to answer whether students’ perception to school culture and parenting style which have been applied by their parents would distinguish their emotional empathy significantly. Some research showed that positive perception to school culture was associated with students’ high emotional empathy. Moreover, certain parenting style, like authoritative style could associate with high emotional empathy significantly. This research involved 113 students of School of Psychology UniversitasAirlangga as samples. They filled 3 questionnaires such as; emotional empathy scale from Davis (1980), school culture scale from Higgins‐D’Alessandro and Sadh (1997), and parenting styles scale from Murphy (1994). Research result found that there were significant differences in emotional empathy when viewed from parenting styles and perception of school culture. Key words: emotional empathy, parenting styles, perception to school culture
402
DIFFERENCE OF THE NEED TO BELONG BETWEEN THE STUDENTS FROM
SURABAYA AND THE STUDENTS FROM OTHER CITIES WHO STUDYING AT
FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY OF UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA
Visi Puspita, Windy Auliah Sumakto, Akhmad Fathoni Budiraharjo
Universitas Airlangga
After finished their education on High School, many of us who continue study to University. Some of them chose to study on the University which located outside of their hometown, although their town also have some reputable university. One of many consequences which must be faced by the students from other cities was live so far away from their family. They have to adapt with the new environment and make theirselves affiliated with others on new environment. Need of affiliation was important to be fulfilled. According to Baumeister and Leary, human have needs to have interpersonal relationship which positive and stable. The purpose of this study was to know the differences of the need to belong between the students from Surabaya and the students from outside Surabaya who studying at Faculty of Psychology of Universitas Airlangga. This study using quantitative method and the subjects were the student of Faculty of Psyhcology of Universitas Airlangga.
403
FUNDAMENTAL INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS ORIENTATION ON THE
INDIVIDUALS ON EARLY‐ADULTHOOD AGES
Visi Puspita, Istina Puji Rahayu,
Ni Wayan Desy Ratnasari, Yulia Putri Sanjaya
Universitas Airlangga
The young‐adulthood was a development phase which has intimacy versus violatin as the psychosocial crisis. Intimacy was an ability to be closely related with others, as a lover, as a friend, or a part of a society. In making close relationship with other, everybody have different orientation. According to William Schutz, every human has three interpersonal needs, they are affection, inclusion, and control. The amount of every needs not always same on every individual, and that was involves their social life. Purpose of this study was to describe the interpersonal relations orientation on five individuals on early‐adulthood ages who came from five different tribes and have different cultural background. This study using descriptive qualitative approach.
404
FAMILYSUPPORTROLEINSTRESSMANAGEMENTFORWOMENINPRISON
Istina Puji Rahayu, Ilham Nur Alfian,
Lovika Romnuriani, Maindra Fauziannisa
Airlangga University
Women in prison often times be one interesting topic to be studied in depth, moreover, is all about stress management of women in prison. In Indonesia, most women who are in prison either awaiting trial or already serving a prison has a lack of proper stress management. Many of them are abandoned by couples, relatives and family with the conditions which must bear their children, because most of them are a mother. With the load in such a way, women prisoners often experience stress that causes them to perform acts of verbal or physical aggression among fellow inmates, as well as smoking and smuggle it out with drugs. Should these women can manage their stress by maintaining communication with families so that their lives in prison are not too burdened by family circumstances to bear. In Indonesia are still very few studies concerning this case, therefore, this study aims to determine how family support role to the stress management of women in prison. In this study researchers still use the methods of literature study. Results from the analysis of literature shows that family support has a considerable role in the process of stress management for women in prison. Keywords: family support, stress management, women in prison
405
ACHIEVEMENT GOAL AS A PREDICTOR OF ENTERPRENEUR INTENTION
Novi Rahmawati, Amrizal Rustam
Universitas Gadjah Mada
The main aim of this research is to investigate the achievement goal as a predictor of entrepreneur intention. The subject in this study is 82 college students from Akademi Teknologi Kulit. Independent variable of this study is achievement goals and independent variable is entrepreneurship intention. The hypothesis is mastery goal can be predictor for entrepreneurship intention. Based on regression technique the hypothesis of this research is accepted. Keyword : Achievement goal, mastery goal, performance goal, entrepreneurshio intention
406
PERAN PERSONAL SPACE TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN BUNUH DIRI
NARAPIDANA DI SURABAYA
Ni Wayan Desy Ratnasari, Margaretha Rehulina, Grahita Nuradityarini, Nibras Nurr Rochma
UniversitasAirlangga
Fenomena bunuh diri masih menjadi sebuah topik yang sering muncul dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Ironisnya semakin berjalannya waktu, fenomena ini terus saja mengalami peningkatan. Tidak hanya terjadi di dunia luar yang bebas, di dalam penjara pun kasus bunuh diri ini masih sering terjadi. Pemerintah serta pengurus penjara seharusnya memperhatikan kesejahteraan narapidana, karena hal tersebut merupakan hak dari setiap narapidana. Tetapi kenyataannya di Indonesia sendiri perhatian tersebut masih kurang, banyak penjara di Indonesia yang over kapasitas. Kondisi ini disebut‐sebut menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya bunuh diri pada narapidana. Over kapasitas menyebabkan seseorang tidak memiliki privasi sehingga hal ini membuat seseorang personal space seseorang terganggu. Terganggunya personal space merupakan stressor dari depresi yang menyebabkan seseorang memiliki kecenderungan bunuh diri. Di Indonesia, kajian mengenai kasus ini masih sangat sedikit, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah personal space berperan terhadap kecenderungan bunuh diri narapidana di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel untuk penelitian ini menggunakan 4 orang narapidana di salah satu penjara di Surabaya. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam dengan teknik analisis tematik dengan menggunakan koding dari hasil transkrip wawancara yang telah diverbatim. Teknik analisis ini terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu open coding, axial coding, selective coding. Kata kunci : personal space, bunuh diri, narapidana
407
SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING TO PERSON WHO DO THE SEBLANG BAKUNGAN
Muhammad Riza, Akhmad Fatoni Budiraharjo
Airlangga University
The purpose of this study to look at comparative levels of well being subjective Banyuwangi community which perform Seblang Bakungan ritual and the other that didn’t perform Seblang Bakungan ritual. Seblang Bakungan is a ritual which used by Banyuwangi community (Osing ethnic) as an expression of gratitude for having abundant sustenance and kept away by disaster. This research is using the qualitative descriptive approach. The main purpose of this method is to look at the level of well being subjective in the society. The theory that used by is well being which put forward by Ryan and Deci. The subject of this research are the citizen settled in Banyuwangi, amount of 3 persons and 3 persons from Banyuwangi that settled in Surabaya. Researcher used a structured interview as a measuring tools. In this research can be viewed several factor that affect people to not bothered by didn’t doing this ritual, and there is also others a felt of a need to perform this ritual.
Keywords: Subjective Wellbeing, Seblang Bakungan, Banyuwangi
408
EKTA GAME TO HELP READING AND WRITTING ABILITIES FOR PRE‐SCHOOL
CHILD
Muhammad Riza, Steffanus Reddy,
Rr. Ismi Murni P, Septiana Ananda P.
Airlangga University
This research aimed to describe the effect of ekta game against the abilities of reading and writing in preschool children. Ekta game is a modification of Jolly Phonic and VAKT. This research used a quantitative approach to describe the effect of Ekta game against the abilities of reading and writing in preschool children. Researcher used Hurlock’s theory of play as the main framework. The participants of this research are 29 children from a kindergarten in Surabaya that used reading and writing curriculum. Researcher used dictate question as a data collecting tool. The result showed that ekta game has an effect of reading and writing abilities in preschool children.
409
SELF‐ESTEEM DEFICITS AMONG PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Muhammad Rizwan, Riaz Ahmad, PhD,
Sarwat Jahan Khanam, PhD, Sobia Aftab, PhD
University of Karachi
The objective of the present study was to investigate the difference in the level of self‐esteem among patients with psychiatric disorders and normal controls. After detailed literature review, it was hypothesized that (1) There would be a significant difference in the level of Self‐Esteem among Patients with Psychiatric Disorders and Normal Controls. The sample of the present study consisted of 260 participants who were further divided into two groups: Clinical group (n=140) and Normal controls (n=120). The age range of the participants in both the samples were18‐25 years (with the mean age of22.14 years for psychiatric patients and 21.18 years for normal controls) and they belonged to middle socioeconomic status. The clinical group consisted of diagnosed psychiatric patients according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV‐TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) criterion and further divided in four sub‐groups, including Patients of (a) Schizophrenia (n=40); (b) Major Depressive Disorder (n=40); (c) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (n=40); and (d) Opioid Dependence Disorder (n=20). The standard Intake form of Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, and Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) were used. Descriptive Statistics and One Way Analysis of Variance were employed to analyze the data in statistical terminology. Results indicate significant differences among patients with psychiatric disorders and normal controls on the variable of self‐esteem (F = 30.513, df = 4, 255, p<.05). The finding has implications for clinical interventions and also suggests avenues for future research.
410
SOCIALIZATION OF JAVA’S MORALITY BASED ON FAMILY LOCATION AND
PARENTING ROLES
Kumala Windya R, Sartini Nuryoto
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Javanesse people believed that children can developed subjective wellbeing if they can internalizing Java’s morality values. The family location can influence the parenting roles and parents attitude and behaviour as socialization agent of Java morality. The aim of this research is to find out the different of socialization of Java morality based on location of the family (village, city) and parenting role (father’s roles, mother’s roles). The subjects (214 subjects) came from the nuclear family of Java society in Yogyakarta. and have children in the age of 6‐10 years. This research use socialization of Java morality scale based on Java’s morality theory by Endraswara (2003). There are no differences on Java’s morality socialization based on family location and parenting role. This results show that the social value between village approximately same with the city, especially in Yogyakarta. Then, father and mother can cooperate to socialize Java’s morality values. Keyword: socialization values in the family, parenting roles, Javanese family
411
CONCEPT OF SELF IN RELATIONAL CONTEXT : INDIGENEOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ANALYSIS
Sartana, Sulasmi Sudirman, Kwartarini W Yuniarti, Moh. Abdul Hakim
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Individual’s self‐construct is formed by their experiences, the people around them, as well as the culture in which they live in. Individuals will also present themselves differently in different context. Thus, adolescent who grew in a Javanese culture will have a unique self‐construct, and they will also have a different self‐representation when alone and when they’re with friends. The aim of this study was to explore the Javanese adolescents’ thoughts, feelings, and actions when they were alone and with close friends. The study participants involved 390 high school students (male=152, female=238). The data was collected through an open‐ended questionnaire developed by Kim (2008). The study explored the following question “When I am alone, I am... ” and “When I am with my close friend, I am...”. Fisrtly, the data was analyzed through theme categorization. Then, those data were analyzed by using cross‐tabulation. The analysis of data resulted in the following results : when the participants were alone they tend to contemplate about their existence, felt negatif emotion, spent their time to do activities, and became themselves. On the other hand, when they were with close friends, participants share stories, tended to be happy, having fun, as good friend, and became themselves. Those results showed that when they are alone, they tend to contemplate and experience negatif emotion, while when they are with their friends they tend to share and experience positive emotion. In those two contexs they can be themselves. When being with friends, the girls like to share more compare to the boys who tend to do some fun activities with their close friends.
Key word: self, alone, friend, Indigeneos, Javanesse adolescent
412
CREATIVITYONTHESTREETCHILDRENLIVINGAT HOME
LAYOVER
Adhita Anna Syarof, Betty Yuliani Silalahi
Gunadarma University
The term creativity has been increasingly popular nowadays among the people. Creativity can happen to anyone, such as parents, teens, teachers, garbage collectors or street children. And who shall be appointed from this research is creativity on street children. Creativity in young street itself is visible from many songs they sang at the time of singing is the song creation community yourself or a friend who was inspired by the rigors of their lives. This study aims to determine the image of creativity on street children living in a halfway house and the factors that affect creativity on street children living in a halfway house. The subject of this study is street kid with a 19‐year‐old sex men dropping out of school and stopped at home accommodated. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach of case studies of intrinsic type. Where the instrument data collector is a non participant observation techniques and interviews not structured by subjects and significant others. The results of this study indicates that the subject has creativity. It can be seen from aspekaspek personal creativity such as where the subject has the creativity in music that is the subject could create a song. Further aspects of driving in which the role idol is very important to develop the creativity of the subject. While the process of creativity is a subject like the practice to develop his creativity. And products produced by the subject in creativity is the subject can create songs. Further factors affecting the creativity that is the subject including the open and can accept input from others, subjects also like to ask when things are not related to the subject understands creativity the subjects have. And parents and environmental factors around the subject of support when subjects had to develop creativity. Key Works : Creativity, Environmental Factors, on The Street Children
413
MYSTICISM (ERFAN) AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE
Mohammad Ali Taheri
Association of Faradarmani & Psymentology
All the human beings’ acts or thoughts come in two dimensions: quantitative dimension and qualitative dimension. These two dimensions have always been inseparable and will remain so. Qualitative improvement of the acts is attained through the world of love (Eshq) and is an outcome of Erfan (mysticism). For this reason, Erfan (mysticism) can be regarded as a type of qualitative enhancement. In addition, human views the existence from two outlooks: the quantitative and the qualitative outlook. According to which, mysticism is regarded as the qualitative look onto the universe. The quantitative approach is the glance of logic that analyses all subjects from a quantitative viewpoint. While the qualitative approach originates from the heart, evaluates the quality of existence, of human demeanor and behaviors.
414
SI WA YA NA MA – SOCIAL PREJUDICE (STEREOTYPE AND DISCRIMINATION): AN
INDIGENEOUS STUDY ABOUTLEAK PERCEPTION THAT LINKED WITH SOCIAL
PREJUDICE IN DENPASAR‐ BALI
Putu Ayu Meirina P.P Wedaningtyas, Ni Luh Indah Desira S,
Putu Yudari Pratiwi, IGA Diah Fridari, Yohanes K Herdiyanto
University of Udayana
Leak (ancient science of hereditary inheritance is used as enemy defense) is an ingrained tradition in community of Hindu‐Balinese’s mind. Based on phenomena that growing in community of Hindu‐Balinese, Leak seems has negative mystical science that related to various social problems that arise and often create a bias in the form of stereotypes and discrimination. This study used qualitative method which purpose to see Leak perception that cause stereotype and discrimination in community of Hindu‐Balinese. Numbers of respondents in this study are 50 people who live in Denpasar, especially Kesiman and Sanur area in ages 20‐65 years old. Method of data collection use questionnaire with open question, then the emerging themes will be explored with depth interview method. The result of this study to indicate the perception of Leak that growing in Denpasar–Bali emerge social prejudice in the form of stereotype and discrimination in Hindu‐Balinese society. Keyword : Leak, stereotype, discrimination, indigenous, Hindu‐Balinese
415
TEACHERS’ COMPETENCY IN IMPLEMENTING THE ANTI BULLYING AND TEASING
PROGRAM FOR PRESCHOOL CLASSROOM:
COMMUNITY THEME
Galuh Setia Winahyu
University of Gadjah Mada
This research was conducted to examine the effect of The Anti‐Bullying and Teasing Program for Preschool Classroom Community theme training in improving teacher competence. All Teachers in one kindergarten in Sleman will be involved in this study. Criteria Teachers who will be involved is agreed to implement a whole series of programs, and agreed to not apply to other similar programs in their classrooms. This study uses one‐group pretest‐posttest design. Teacher competency in implementing program will be compared before and after training. Knowledge Teachers of the program was measured using the scale, while the teacher performance is measured through behavioral observation. Teacher Performance in implementing the activity procedures will also be seen in the monitoring process during the implementation of activities in the classroom along with adherence scale. Results showed that changes in teacher competence in implementing the program at the time before and after training.
Keywords: anti‐bullying and teasing program, teacher program‐implementing
competence, kindergarten
416
EDUCATION AND POVERTY: THE EXPLORATION OF TEACHERS’ LEARNING
CAPACITY IN SCHOOL WITH POVERTY IN INDONESIA
Aryani Tri Wrastari
Airlangga University
Poverty and education are two most complicated issues in Indonesia, and interestingly those issues intersect one another in many aspects. This study started from the assumption that poverty has been one major issue for many schools in Indonesia which, then, given substantial impact on the quality of education. This research focused on the exploration of teachers’ learning capacity to explain how this interconnection between poverty and education discloses. The research underlined its study within a theoretical framework called Adult Learning Theory (ALT) which emphasises the role of teacher learning to answer the needs of school in challenging time. A case study of a group of teachers teaching in a disadvantaged school was employed. It aimed at identification of learning participations through investigations of teachers’ experiences and perceptions of, and opportunities for professional learning. The finding revealed internal and external factors that influence teachers’ learning. The interaction of each factors resulted in mostly negative attitudes towards learning which then led to “no professional learning” participation.
417
THE CROSS‐CULTURAL COMPARISON OF DUAL AUTONOMY AND DUAL SELF‐
CONSTRUAL ON ADAPTATION
Chih‐Wen Wu, Kuang‐Hui Yeh, Susan Cross, Tsui‐Feng Wu
National Taiwan University
Thispaper compares the effect of adolescents’ dual autonomy (Individuating Autonomy and Relating Autonomy) and dual self‐construal (Independent Self and Interdependent Self) on the intra‐/inter‐personal adaptation. In Study 1, the participants were 353 adolescents from Taiwan and the results showed that the effects of Individuating Autonomy were stronger than Independent Self on the intrapersonal adaptation; and the effects of Relating Autonomy were stronger than Interdependent Self on the interpersonal adaptation. In Study 2,the participants included 430 adolescents from Taiwan, 330 from Hong Kong, and 291 from U.S.. The results not only replicated the findings in Study 1, but also further indicated that the effects of Individuating Autonomy on the intrapersonal adaptation were stronger in U.S. sample than in Taiwan and Hong Kong sample; while the effects of Relating Autonomy on the interpersonal adaptation were stronger in Taiwan and Hong Kong sample than in U.S. sample.
418
IDENTITY, SELF‐DISCLOSURE, AND PRIVACY
(CASE STUDIES SOCIAL MEDIA SITES USERS)
YudhaBaskara, Avin Fadilla Helmi
Gadjah Mada University
The focus of this research will look at identity, self‐disclosure, and privacy among users of social media sites. Using the case study method, this research found the pattern of interactions that occur among identity to lead more open from aspects of the ideas, views, and feelings of other individuals. The more open an individual to interact on social networking sites, the more diminished the privacy fence is also owned by the individual or even used to penetrate the boundaries of individual privacy of others. Finally, this study found the birth of a new identity results from the use of social networking sites where individuals will be more open and eliminate privacy in order to continue their interaction
419
SADNESS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LATE ADOLESCENTS IN MALAYSIA
Suwaibah Zakaria, Agnis Sombuling, Chua Bee Seok,
Rosnah Ismail, Uichol Kim
University Malaysia Sabah
Sadness is a normal emotion that can make life more colorful. Sadness always accompanies loss. When we say goodbye to a loved one, we usually feel sad. The sadness is even deeper if a close relationship has ended or a loved one has died. Sadness also makes us appreciate happiness. When our mood eventually changes from sadness towards happiness, the sense of contrast adds to the enjoyment of the mood. It is common for late adolescents to change their moods or emotions and become overwhelmed by school, peers, and family obstacles. Late adolescents go through phases which can be categorized as “growing pains” and are often taken lightly. This study aims to examine the sources of sadness between male and female of late adolescents in Malaysia. The data was collected from 1021 undergraduates’ students in one of the higher education institution in Malaysia. The respondents were asked to complete a set of open‐ended question to elicit information on sadness. Data were analyzed using the indigenous psychology approach through categorization, open coding, and axial coding. Through thisstudy, the difference perspectives ofsadness betweenmale and female of late adolescents can be identified. Implications of findings will be discussed.
Keywords: Sadness, negative emotions, late adolescents, gender, indigenous
psychology.
420
A SINGLE CASE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: USING SOCIAL STORIES IMPROVE
SOCIAL SKILL OF CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION‐DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
(ADHD)
Novita, Siswati
University of Gadjah Mada
Among Attenton‐Deficit Hiperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnostic criteria is the obstacles in academic and social function across multiple setting. About 50% children with ADHD have difficulties to establish peer relationship. This difficulty is the impact of social skill deficit. Social stories can teach social skill to individu who have social problems. The aim of social stories is to provide the individual with a better understanding of certain social situations. This research was held to identify the social stories influence toward social skill of children with ADHD. The research used single case experiment with A‐B design. Single case experimental design is a design to evaluate the effect of a treatment on a single case researc. Partisipant selection was based on age, reading ability, Hiperactive Behavior Indonesian Child Rating Scale score, and Walker McConnel Social Competence and School Adjusment score. There are two partisipants that passed through all the criteria. The result of data analysis are (1) statistical analysis show there is no difference on frequency of target behavior after social stories treatment had given statistical analysis show there is no difference on duration of target behavior after social stories treatment had given(3) partisipant #1 and partisipant #2 showed an improvement tendency based on visual inspection to the target behavior graph (4) social stories can increase participant’s knowledge regarded how to do a behavior, but could not help partisipant to carried out their knowledge in to behavior yet. The conclusion of this research is social stories do not have influence toward social skill of children with ADHD. Social stories only influenced on cognitive level, could not foster patisipant to carried out the knowledge in to behavior yet.
Key words: social stories, social skill, ADHD
421
EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPPORTING GROUP THERAPY TO DECREASE DEPRESSION IN
PARTICIPANTS TUTORING THAT WILL FOLLOWING SNMPTN (QUASI‐
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON MENTORING PARTICIPANTS IN LEARNING
TUTORING NURUL FIKRI PONDOK GEDE, EAST JAKARTA)
Erik, Dwi Susilowati, Indah Amalia
Jakarta State University
This research aims to determine effectiveness of Supporting Group Therapy to decrease depression in participants tutoring that will following SNMPTN in tutoring Nurul Fikri Pondok Gede, East Jakarta. The research method used in this research is experimental research. Design research in the study using a quasi experiments research design with One‐Group Pretest‐postest Design. Hypothesis within this study is that there are significant differences between experimental groups before and after treatment of the Supporting Group Therapy. Depression measurement done by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before training and after training.
It was evidently proved based on the score of pretest and postest with yaitu t = 2,447 ; p = 0,000 < 0,05 (significant). Based on the results of the research above, can be drawn the conclusion there is a significant difference to decrease depression in the experimental group before and after the given Supporting Group Therapy. Experimental group on depression level is lower after given Supporting Group Therapy. Supporting Group Therapy programs can be used to decrease depression because with support group students can involve with cohesive group so that students can dealing SNMPTN with optimal. Keywords: Depression, Supporting Group Therapy
422
STUDENTS INVOLVEMENT IN STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES
AT FACULTY OF EDUCATION JAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY
Zarina Akbar, Erik FitrahImanuddin
Jakarta State University
This study aims to determine the involvement of students in the following student organizations activities and to know the perceptions of students about it. The subjects are students Faculty of Education Jakarta State University, who have followed the student activities and have not followed it. Student activities in the faculty level consists 2 parts, they are OPMAWA activities (student government organization) and ORMAWA (student organization). The amounts of subject are 100 peoples. Descriptive quantitative method was used in this research. The results shown, 45% students have followed OPMAWA, 5% have followed ORMAWA, and 21% have followed both of OPMAWA and ORMAWA. Many Followed student activities from their perception have several purpose, which is looking for a new experience in the organization, increasing knowledge, becoming more familiar with the bureaucracy on campus, filling their free time, having lots of relationships, could building their characteristics, comply the university’s rules, and for reaching God’s blessing. Students who are not involved in student activities as much as 29%. Several factors become their reasons, including they haven’t been interested on it; they haven’t got an authorization from their family; having an economical difficulties; and perception that it would wasting their time. The subjects have many expectations that on the future, student activities on campus that could be further improving their performance and their quality of activities, more persuasive, could improving the dissemination of information, more systematic, innovative, creative, create a simpler bureaucratic rules, and tend to be not exclusive. The implication of this research is increasing student involvement on student organizations activities, which exists on Faculty of Education Jakarta State University, based on their perceived values. Keywords: Student Involvement, Student Organization Activities
WOMEN LEADERSHIP AS A SCHOOL PRINCIPAL
423
Puspita Wulandari, Zarina Akbar
Jakarta State University
The purpose of this study was to describe about the dynamics of women leadership as a school principal. The method which has been used in this study is a case study with a qualitative approach. Subjects in this study were 2 persons who the characteristics including female sex with age range 40 to 60 years, education level bachelor or master degree, and ever got an award as the outstanding principal. The data was collected using observation and interview methods, and after that it had been analyzed by qualitative test and triangulation method for checking the validity of inspection and subject choosing technique. The results of this study indicate that the dynamics of female leadership as a principle on a school including an overview for leadership’s functions, leadership style, and the factors that influence the leadership style. On the first subject (WD) it associated with the function of leadership, including decision‐making, instruction, consultative, delegated, and participatory which shown by directly participating in the community formed by parents on that school. It indicates that the subject has applied the democratic leadership and the factors that affect leadership styles include personality, behavior of superiors, subordinates behavior, task requirements, and organizational climate. In the second subject (CM) it associated with the function of leadership including decision‐making, instruction (subject would complete the task by herself if there’s a staff who wasn’t cooperative at all), consultative, delegated, and participatory. She has applied leadership’s style that leads her to democratic style and the factors which influences are personality, behavior of superiors, staff’s behavior (on the aspect of higher awareness in completing school assignments), job descriptions, and organizational climate. Keywords: Women Leadership, School Principal
424
ACCOMODATING LEARNING STYLES IN MATHEMATICS:
A CASE STUDY ONDIVERGENT, ACCOMMODATIVE, CONVERGENT, AND
ASSIMILATIVE STYLES
Frengky, Supra Wimbarti
Universitas GadjahMada
This study aims at exploring how to accommodate learning styles in mathematics learning. Qualitative method was used. Data were obtained by interview to 6 students from elementary school, 5 students from private school, 7 parents, 1 school‐principal, 2 mathematics teachers and 1 school‐principal who is also a mathematics teacher. Direct observations, photo documentations, and students’ reports were also obtained. The results shows that there are 6 factors influencing parents in accommodating children’s learning style in mathematics learning, namely parent’s experience in childhood, free time for the child, parents’ jobs, social economic status, number of family members, and knowledge about child education. This factors build parent’s ways to accommodate children’s learning style in mathematics learning, they are by using conventional approaches, inviting tutor, providing rewards, giving freedom and resposibilities, and introducing parent’s business. Meanwhile the teachers’ ways to accommodate students’ learning styles in mathematics learning are influenced by 3 factors, namely recognizing mathematics as a unique subject, knowing about the uniqueness of students, and having high education aspiration. The ways to do so are by building convenient class, becoming open to new questions, employing different teaching methods, optimalizing learning media, giving an effective coach, and orientating the learning procces.
425
WHY I TRUST MY PAPA? A COMPARISON ACROSS GENDER AMONG
ADOLESCENTS IN EAST MALAYSIA
Jasmine Adela Mutang, Alfred Chan Huan Zhi, Norzihan Ayub,
Rosnah Ismail, Uichol Kim
University Malaysia Sabah
Trust is a dyadic (a group of two) process that involves two individuals, the trustor and the trustee. On a daily basis, people encounter numerous interdependent social situations in which trust is essential. Trust is necessary for people to live together, cooperate with each other, and coordinate efforts and behavior (Righetti & Finkenaue, 2011). Basic trust originates from the maternal and paternal relationship; it continues to develop through other situations with other people (McKnight & Chervany, 2001). As such, it is interesting to how much both son and daughter trust their father and what are the underlying reason they trusted their father. This study investigated trust towards their father among male and female adolescents. A total of 1,021 undergraduate students (males= 241, females= 780) from one of the public university in East Malaysia participated in the study. The data are collected using the Open‐ended Questionnaire developed by Uichol Kim (2008) and was analyzed using the indigenous psychology approach to understand the trust of adolescents towards their father in accordance to the local cultural context using categorization, open coding, and axial coding. The findings and will be discussed further.
426
HAPPINESS FIGURE ON A THIEF WHO LIVES IN KAMPUNG MALING (DISTRICT OF
THIEVES)‐SURABAYA
Grahita Nuradityarini, Jony Eko Yulianto, Ilham Nuralfian
Universityof Airlangga
The imposition ofvalues and normsprevailingin societycreate astandard ofgoodandbadbehavior. With ajob descriptionthat takesthe property of otherswithoutpermission, it makes the professiona thiefis classifiedas awork thatdeviates. Nevertheless, the emergence of KampungMaling(District of Thieves) in Surabayabringsthe reality ofacommunitynormthat is unique andinteresting tohighlight. Stealingis themain professionof the district of KampungMaling, andthework ofthe majoritycommunity.This studyaimed to determine thepicture ofhappinesson athiefwholives inKampungMaling Surabaya. Depth interview wereconducted onfourthieveswho liveinKampungMaling Surabaya. Interviewshave recordedusing adigitalrecorder, andthe verbatim resultscodedintoa thematicanalysisusing open, axialandselectivecoding. The results showedvariations inthe motives anddeterminants ofhappinesson the subject.Alsofoundvariations inmotivationwhythesubjectto maintaintheprofessionto be a thief.
Keywords: Happiness, Thief, Kampung Maling.
427
EFFECT OF CONTEMPORARY DANCE ON ANXIETY IN FRONT OF PUBLIC SPEAKING IN ADOLESCENT
(Experimental study Art Therapy)
Dyannita A.H, Siswati, Farida Hidayati
Diponegoro University
Communication is a way to overcome the anxiety that always accompanied the pressure. Communication anxiety commonly experienced by adolescents is the anxiety of speaking in public. Non‐verbal communication has a higher social significance of 70% (Birdwhistel, 2005, h.288), which can be used as a form of intervention to overcome anxiety is experienced, namely through a message kinesthetic or body movement (Grabner, 1999, h.23) . One of the Creative Art Therapies, Dance Movement Therapy is used with individuals, and groups of children, adolescents and adults. In a safe, supportive environment each person can discover their body as a source of pleasure, and self‐knowledge. As participants learn to trust their bodies, they are more able to trust others and engage in healthy relationships. Dance Movement therapy groups always begin and end in a circle. This basic shape provides stability where individuals can feel equally connected to each of the other group members. The leader encourages group members to listen to the guidance of their own bodies and never pushes people to engage beyond their own comfort level and physical ability. Groups always begin slowly with a physical warm‐up. Participants may be invited to listen to the movement of their breath as they do gentle stretches which are adapted to the needs of the group. Often music is used to inspire and engage with melody and rhythm. As participants become comfortable with themselves and each other the leader will guide them in structured movements that encourage spontaneous self‐expression and playful interaction with others. The group closes with a relaxation time and verbal sharing of the whole experience. This study aims to examine the influence of contemporary dance training to lower level public speaking anxiety in adolescents. Research was conducted on 18 female students who have the characteristics of age 12‐14 years old (early teens), female, have never followed the media treatment of contemporary dance before, have a level of anxiety of speaking in public with high‐very high category. Students are divided into two groups, namely the experimental and control groups. Proposed hypothesis: there is a difference in public speaking anxiety in the experimental
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group and control group after treatment. This research design uses a non‐randomized Control Group Pretest‐posttest design. The treatment given to the experimental group by using the media contemporary dance performed during the three meetings. Data were collected by several methods such as observation, interviewing, screening the Personal Report of Public Speking Anxiety (PRPSA), the scale of public speaking anxiety, daily progress notes and documentation.Results of hypothesis testing technique parametik Sample Independent Sample T‐Test p value (0.039) <(0:05). This shows that there are differences in scores of public speaking anxiety is a significant between experimental groups with control group after treatment. Media art is contemporary dance can be applied as an effort to reduce the anxiety of public speaking for teens.
Keywords: contemporary dance program, public speaking anxiety, teenage daughter.
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HAPPINESS AMONG EDUCATORS IN LATE ADULTHOOD
Winda Dewi Listyasari, Iriani Indri Hapsari Jakarta State University
Late adulthood identical with decreased of various ability in term of cognitive, memory, physical and others. By this condition, many elderly decide to retire from their activities or reducing activities than usual. However, not least elderly are still keeping their spirit in working and doing their usual activities. It can be seen from the educators who become subjects in this study. They are aged over sixty years and still dedicating themselves as educators who are untiring and selfless to educate. There is a feeling of happiness when they can actualize themselves in the educational environment. They are also looked more productive than other educators who are relatively younger age.
This study aims to find out the factors that affect the happiness of educators in late adulthood. This study uses qualitative approach. Subjects of this study are four educators who are aged over sixty years and still dedicating themselves to educational environment. This study is being in the process. This study is expected to become the findings and inspiration for young educators to dedicate and actualize themselves in the world of education.
Keywords: happiness, educator, late adulthood
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WHY THE STATE SHOULD INTERFERE WITH YOUR HEALTH! DOES GOOD HEALTH INCREASE THE GENERAL WELLBEING EQUALLY FOR RICH
AND POOR PEOPLE?
Camilla Josephson, Gustav Tinghög, David Andersson
Linköping University
Society offers a wide range of possibilities to people who are wealthy. They can ski, take a year off work, and live an active life after retirement, or they can keep on working just for fun if they like. But being able to make use of all these available possibilities often requires good health. Therefore, it is perfectly rational for wealthy people to promote healthy living for themselves. For the less wealthy, however, a much more limited range of possibilities is offered, since living an active life is often intensely resource consuming. Hence, for less‐wealthy individuals it might very well be burdensome and irrational to increase the range of opportunities through healthy living if they have no financial means to take advantage of them. Instead, an increased level of health (opportunities) could possibly become a source of distress for less‐wealthy individuals unable to live life to its fullest. For individuals to promote their own health when they are unable to take advantage of the opportunities that health creates could therefore decrease their general well‐being.
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GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CREATIVITY AMONG STUDENTS
Naderi Habibollah
University of Mazandaran
This research examinedgender and creativityas predictors of academic achievement. Participants (N= 153, 105 = male &48 = female) completed creativity test .The independent variables (creativity scores and gender) was not significantly related to academic achievement (CGPA) at P >0.05 . Thecorrelation creativity to CGPA was (Zero‐ order =.157, P >0.05 .( However implications of the findings to investigate in gender and creativity are discussed .
keyword: gender, creativity
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IS THIS PROBLEM PREVALENT ONLY IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES? SELF‐HARM IN JAPAN AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Yuri Sunaya Meiji Gakuin University
This presentation aims to discuss about self‐harming behaviour in Japan and developing countries in Southeast Asia. There are widespread theories that say mental health problems such as self‐harming behaviour are prevalent only in developed country such as Japan. Moreover some theories defined that as the pathology of affluence. However, is it really like that? To examine this thema, the author (1) reviews the previous studies and (2) conducted interviews to the international students from Southeast Asian countries (Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia) and asked about the actual condition of self‐harming behaviour in their respective countries. The author found that self‐harming behaviour is existing in developing countries also. However it is not as well focused as Japan. Moreover the stigma associated with such problems may be higher than that in developed countries such as Japan.
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EMOTIONAL DISTRESS IN INTELLECTUALLY GIFTED SECONDARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Salman Shahzad, Zaeema Riaz University of Karachi
The purpose of the present research was to investigate the difference in emotional distress between intellectually gifted and non‐gifted secondary school children. After detailed review of literature the following hypothesis was formulated;there would be a significant difference between intellectually gifted and non‐gifted secondary school children on the variable of emotional distress. The sample consisted of 197 secondary school children, recruited from different private sector secondary schools of Karachi, including 93 (47.20 %) children intellectually gifted (IQ = 130 and above) and 104 (52.80 %) non‐gifted secondary school children (IQ of 90 ‐109). The age range of the entire sample was from 12 years to 16 years (Mean age = 14.42 years). Their minimum education was grade seventh (7) and maximum education was grade tenth (10). The sample belonged to middle and upper socioeconomic status. The measures used in the research included, Personal Information Form,Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS; Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2003), that was administered to assess the intellectual functioning and Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (RAASI; Reynolds, 2001), that was administered to assess the emotional distress in participants.
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THE MEANING OF HAPPINESS IN I’TIKAF PERSON AT MOSQUE IN RAMADHAN
MONTH
Yufiarti, Rita Retnowati
Jakarta State University
This research is aimed to describe the meaning of happiness for the person who take part in I’tikaf at mosque juring the fasting in ramadhon month. This research used qualitatiffenomenologis. Data collected by interviewing and observation for five persons at Al‐ Furqon mosque juring the ramadhon month. The result showed that the meaning of happiness was subjective. I’tikaf can make a person feel comfortable by dzikir, pray who, take part in that, Happines are also in sunat pray and fluent reading quran, repent and forswear to God (Allah) all of sinning. Keywords: happiness, I’tikaf, ramadhan month.