CONTENTS - GEC ENVIS

Contents State of Air Environment

Page i

CONTENTS

Contents Page

List of Figures I List of Tables III List of Boxes V List of Abbreviation Executive Summary

VI IX

Sr. No.

Section

1 Introduction

1

2 Section – I – Pressures 3

1.1 Air Pollutants 3 1.2 Pressures on Air Quality 4 1.2.1 Meteorological & Climatic Conditions

1.2.2 Population Growth & Urbanisation 1.2.3 Urban Heat Islands 1.2.4 Industrialisation 1.2.5 Power Sector 1.2.6 Mining 1.2.7 Vehicular Growth 1.2.8 Fuel Usage 1.2.9 Travel Mode Characteristics 1.2.10 Indoor Air Pollution

4 7 10 10 15 19 21 33 35 36

3 Section – II – State 39 2.1 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of

SO2 in Residential Areas 2.2 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2 in Industrial Areas 2.3 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of

NOx in Residential Areas 2.4 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of NOx in Industrial Areas 2.5 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Residential Areas 2.6 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Industrial Areas 2.7 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Residential Areas 2.8 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Industrial Areas 2.9 Trends in PM2.5 in Ahmedabad 2.10 Monitoring of VOCs 2.11 Noise Monitoring 2.12 Odour Monitoring 2.13 Hot Spots

40

42

43

44

46

47

49

53

55 58 63 66 67


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3 Section – III – Impact 73 3.1 Economic Impacts

3.2 Health Impacts 3.2.1 Health Impacts due to Indoor Air Pollution 3.2.2 Health Impacts due to Mining 3.2.3 Health Impacts due to Noise Pollution 3.2.4 Health Impacts due to Heat Islands 3.2.5 Health Impacts due to Odour

3.3 Other Impacts 3.4. Some Impact Studies Carried Out In Recent Past

3.4.1 National Environmental Health Profile and Comparative Health Risk Assessment of Ahmedabad, sponsored by WHO through Ministry of Environment & Forests. Conducted by NIOH 2004‐05

3.4.2 Survey of Traffic Policemen conducted by Traffic Department in January 2012

3.4.3 Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Ahmedabad 3.4.4 Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health

(adults)in Delhi

73 73 74 75 75 76 76 76 77 77

78

78 79

4 Section – IV – Response 80 4.1 At National Level

4.1.1 Ambient Air Quality Norms 4.1.2 Preparation of Zoning Atlas 4.1.3 Improved Vehicle Emission Norms 4.1.4 Improved Fuel Quality Norms

4.2 At State Level 4.2.1 Air Action Plans 4.2.2 Monitoring of Industries 4.2.3 Roping in Technical Institutes to Control Air

Pollution 4.2.4 Strengthening of PUC Stations 4.2.5 CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas Supply 4.2.6 Registration of Retrofitters 4.2.7 Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in

Ahmedabad 4.2.8 Improved Public Transport System 4.2.9 Promoting Renewable Energy

4.3 At Individual Level 4.3.1 Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel

(CNG/LPG) 4.3.2 Use of Natural Gas by Industries 4.3.3 Households having PNG

80 80 82 82 83 84 84 85 86

87 89 89 90

91 93 93 93

94 95

5 Section – V – Recommendation 96 5.1 Need To Extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Programme 5.2 Source Apportionment Studies 5.3 Health Impact Studies 5.4 Pollution Control from Vehicles 5.5 Regulatory Agencies 5.6 Awareness Programmes

96

96 97 97 98 98


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6 References 99

7 Annexure I 102

8 Annexure II 109

9 Annexure III 119

10 Annexure IV 145

List of Figures State of Air Environment

Page I

LIST OF FIGURES

Page No. Introduction

1. Fig A: Performance of Gujarat in ESI 1

2. Fig B: PSIR Framework 2

Section I ‐ Pressures

1. Fig 1.1: Climate in Gujarat 5

2. Fig 1.2: Soil Map of Gujarat 5

3. Fig 1.3: Physiography in Gujarat 6

4. Fig 1.4: Rainfall in Gujarat 6

5. Fig 1.5: Industrial Estates, SEZs, SIRs & DMIC Nodes in Gujarat 11

6. Fig 1.6: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB 12

7. Fig 1.7: Location of Thermal Power Plants in Gujarat 16

8. Fig 1.8: Fuel wise distribution in total installation 18

9. Fig 1.9: Percentage of Renewable Energy Sources in Gujarat 19

10. Fig 1.10: Mining Areas of Gujarat 20

11. Fig 1.11: Categorywise Distribution of Vehicles In Gujarat (31/03/2011) 22

12. Fig1.12 Vehicle Population : All Vehicles 24

13. Fig 1.13: Transport and NonTransport Vehicles in Gujarat 25

14. Fig 1.14: Distribution of Vehicles in Major Urban Centers of Gujarat 33

15. Fig 1.15: Travel Mode Chracteristics‐Ahmedabad 2007 36

16. Fig 1.16: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 2 37

17. Fig 1.17: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 3 37

18. Fig 1.18: Fuel Usage in Gujarat State 38

Section II ‐ State 1. Fig 2.1: Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Gujarat 39

2. Fig 2.2: RSPM ‐ Ahmedabad (Residential Areas) 51

3. Fig 2.3: RSPM ‐ Vadodara (ResidentialAreas) 51

4. Fig 2.4: RSPM ‐ Surat (Residential) 52

5. Fig 2.5: RSPM ‐ Rajkot (Residential Area) 52

6. Fig 2.6: RSPM ‐ Jamnagar (Residential Area) 53

7 Fig 2.7: RSPM levels at Important Industrial Locations 55

8 Fig 2.8: GIDC Naroda(Above Police Chowki) ‐ Industrial Area 57

List of Figures State of Air Environment

Page II

9 Fig 2.9: Nehru Bridge ‐ Traffic Junction 57

10 Fig2.10: Satellite Area, Chinmay Seva Trust ‐ Residential Area 58

11 Fig 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat 60

12 Fig 2.12: Benzene Concentration ‐Pandesara 61

13 Fig 2.13: Benzene Concentration ‐ Ankleshwar 61

14 Fig 2.14: Benzene Concentration ‐ Dahej 61

15 Fig 2.15: Benzene Concentration ‐ Panoli 62

16 Fig 2.16: Benzene Concentration ‐ Naroda 62

17 Fig 2.17: Benzene Concentration ‐ Vatva 62

Section IV‐ Response

1. Fig 4.1: Samples Collected under Air Act 86

List of Tables State of Air Environment

Page III

LIST OF TABLES

Page No.

Section I ‐ Pressures

1 Table 1.1: Air Pollutants & their Sources of Generation 3

2 Table 1.2: Climatic Regions of Gujarat 4

3 Table 1.3: Climate in Gujarat 6

4 Table 1.4: Increase in Number of Towns in Gujarat 7

5 Table1.5: Population Characteristics in Gujarat 2011 8

6 Table 1.6: Cities Having Population 1 lac & Above 9

7 Table 1.7: Industries Registered with GPCB 12`

8 Table 1.8: Distribution of air polluting industries in Gujarat (as on 02/05/2012) 13

9 Table 1.9: Large Industries under 17 Most Polluting Categories (28/02/2012) 14

10 Table 1.10: Generation Installed Capacity (Mw)‐ Public Private Sector 17

11 Table 1.11: Installed Capacity (Mw)‐Thermal and Renewable Energy 17

12 Table 1.12: Mining activities and potential sources of air pollution 20

13 Table 1.13: District wise Distribution of Mining Area in Gujarat 21

14 Table 1.14: Growth of Vehicular Population in Gujarat over decades 23

15 Table 1.15: Distribution of Vehicles in Various RTOs of Gujarat 26

16 Table 1.16: Retail Fuel Sale Details for Gujarat 34

17 Table 1.17: Vehicular Growth and Fuel Consumption 35

18 Table 1.18: Percentage Usage of Fuel at Household Level 38

Section II ‐ State

1 Table 2.1: Classification of Air Quality 40

2 Table 2.2: Annual Averages‐ SO2 in Residential Areas 40

3 Table 2.3: Annual Averages‐ SO2 in Industrial Areas 42

4 Table 2.4: Annual Averages‐ NOx in Residential Areas 43

5 Table 2.5: Annual Average ‐ NOx in INDUSTRIAL AREAS 45

6 Table 2.6: Annual Averages‐ SPM in Residential Areas 46

7 Table 2.7: Annual Averages‐ SPM in Industrial Areas 48

8 Table 2.8: Annual Averages‐ RSPM in Residential Areas 49

9 Table 2.9: Annual Average –RSPM Industrial Areas 53

List of Tables State of Air Environment

Page IV

10 Table 2.10: PM 25 for Ahmedabad 55

11 Table 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat 59

12 Table 2.12: Noise Standards 63

13 Table 2.13: Noise Monitoring During The Navratri Festival 64

14 Table 2.14: Noise Monitoring During the Diwali Festival 65

15 Table 2.15: District wise Contribution to Population and Vehicles of Gujarat 67

16 Table 2.16: Ranking of Districts 69

Section III ‐ Impact 1 Table: 3.1: Air Pollutants & their Health Impacts 74

2 Table 3.2: Reasons for Air pollution 77

3 Table 3.3: Diseases Identified Due To Air Pollution 77

4 Table 3.4: Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution in Gujarat 79

Section IV – Response

1 Table 4.1: Pre Revised Norms 81

2 Table 4.2: Revised Norms since 18th Nov 2009 81

3 Table 4.3: Vehicle Emission Norms 83

4 Table 4.4: Improved Fuel Quality Norms 84

5 Table 4.5: District Wise Approved PUC Centers 88

6 Table 4.6: CNG/LPG Stations for Auto Gas Supply 89

7 Table 4.7: Retrofitters Data 90

8 Table 4.8: AMTS Operations (1951 – 2012) 91

9 Table 4.9: Phase Wise Details of BRTS 92

10 Table: 4.10: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Gujarat 93

11 Table 4.11: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Ahmedabad 94

12 Table 4.12: Industries having Natural Gas Connection 95

List of Boxes State of Air Environment

Page V

LIST OF BOXES

Page No.

Section III ‐ Impact

1 Box 3.1: WHO Study on Indoor Air Pollution

75

2 Box 3.2: Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health (adults) in Delhi 79

Section IV ‐ Response

3 Box 4.1: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB 85

4 Box 4.2: On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad 86

List of Abbreviation State of Air Environment

Page VI

LIST OF ABBREVIATION

°C Degree Celsius

am Ante Meridiem

APCD Air Pollution Control Device

API Air Polluting Industries

B(a)P Benzo(A) Pyrene

BRTS Bus Rapid Transport System

C Critical

C6H6 Benzene

CH4 Methane

CNG Compressed Natural Gas

CO Carbon Monoxide

CPCB Central Pollution Control Board

dB Decibel

e.g. Example Given

GEMI Gujarat Environment Management Institute

GIDC Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation

GPCB Gujarat Pollution Control Board

H High

HH Household

Hr Hour

I Industrial

IOC Indian Oil Corporation

ISO International Organization for Standardization

KWh Kilowatt Hour

L Low

LPG liquefied Petroleum Gas

LULC Landuse Landcover

M Meter

M Moderate

m3 Meter Cube

mm Millimeter


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MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest

MoPNG Union Ministry of Petroleum And Natural Gas

MW Mega Watt

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NAMP National Air Quality Monitoring Programme

NFHS National Family Health Survey

NG Natural Gas

NH3 Ammonia

Ni Nickel

NIOH National institute of Occupational Hazard

NO Nitric Oxide

No. Number

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

NOx Oxides of Nitrogen

O3 Ozone

PAHs Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Pb Lead

PM Particulate Matter

pm Post meridiem

PM10 Particles having diameter of less than 10 µm

PM2.5 Particles having diameter of less than 2.5 µm

ppm Parts Per Million

PSU Public Sector Undertaking

PUC Pollution Under Control

Pvt. Ltd. Private Limited

R Residential

R & D Research and Development

RO Regional Office

RSPM Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter

SAMP State Air Quality Monitoring Programme

SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide

SPM Suspended Particulate Matter


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TB Tuberculosis

ug/m3 Microgram/cubic meter

um Micro‐Meters

UNEP United Nations Environment Program

UV UltraViolet

viz. Videlicet (namely)

VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds

WHO World Health Organisation

Executive Summary

Executive Summary State of Air Environment

Page IX

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Air is an important life sustaining resource. Given the fact that a person breathes in more than six liters of air every minute, the quality of air becomes a prime concern. The composition of air in natural environment is constant but is being changed due to release of large amount of emissions by industries, automobiles and other sources. This changed quality became a great threat to survival of life, properties, materials and ecosystem as a whole. Gujarat was among the States scoring minimum percentile (0‐20) for Air quality in a study undertaken by ‘Center for Development Finance – Institute For Financial Management & Research’ ‐ Chennai in 2011 named ‘Environmental Sustainability Index for Indian States.’

This report on Air is divided into five sections namely – ‘Pressure’ which discusses the factors which contribute to the quality of Air in Gujarat, ‘State’ elaborates the present quality of Air with respect to various parameters such as SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM, PM2.5, VOCs etc, ‘Impact’ details out the impact of air quality especially on human health and other things, ‘Response’ features various steps taken at national and state level to improve overall air quality and ‘Recommendations’ suggest some measures which can help improve the present scenario of Air Quality at policy level. Local initiatives that can go a long way in improving quality of air have also been mentioned.

The contributing factors to air pollution are largely Population, Urbanisation, Industries, Vehicles, domestic sources etc. In addition, meteorological and climatic conditions of any area are responsible for contributing to the background air quality levels. Rainfall, wind speed, temperature and soil type are important in this category.

Urban population in Gujarat has risen from 37.36 per cent in 2001 to 42.58% in 2011, making it one of the fastest growing urbanised states. This Concentration of population in urban centers makes huge pressures on land, air and water pollution. Ahmedabad is the largest city of Gujarat with 7.2 million people living here. Surat and Vadodara are other two major cities with high number of urban population followed by Rajkot with population of 1.50 million. As per Census 2011, Gujarat has 30 urban centers with more than 1 lac population. Seven Municipal Corporations contribute to 56.12% of the total urban population of the state. The air temperatures in densely built urban areas are often higher than the temperatures of the surrounding countryside.

The State has continued to witness impressive industrial development since its inception. There are 182 industrial estates spread throughout the State covering an area of 3200 hectares, 83 industrial clusters, 60 notified SEZs and 11 notified SIRs. Also a major part of DMIC corridor (38%) is going to pass through Gujarat. The total number of industries having pollution potential as registered with Gujarat Pollution Control Board as on 02/05/2012 is 22125 out of which 16511 belong to air polluting category. Coal based power generation is considered to be a major contributor to air pollution and in Gujarat; power generation is largely coal based to the tune of 54%. Among air polluting sectors, minerals industry ranks among the top. The impact of mining on air starts from exploration phase, increases manifold during operational phase and may even extend beyond the mine closure. The fugitive emission is a common phenomena related to mining, which is very significant in case of open cast mining as compared to undergrounding. In addition to this, waste handling, transportation and its storage also have high dust potential. Mining covers only 0.033% of

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the total state area. Though Kachchh (28.18km2) has maximum area under mining, Sabarkantha has highest percentage in landuse under mining. Mining in Gujarat is usually done for production of Agate, Steatite , Gypsum, Limestone, Lignite, Bauxite, Laterite, Dolomite, Clay (others), China Clay, Bentonite, Quartz ,Silica sand and Chalk.

Vehicular air pollution is one of the major contributors to the overall air pollution in any area. The fleet of vehicles in Gujarat has been growing at phenomenal proportion. The vehicular population in the last decade has grown from 5576040 to 12993135 (133%). In 2011 major contributor to the fleet are the two wheelers forming 73.17%, followed by private cars and goods vehicles. Public transport systems have not been able to keep pace with the rapid and substantial increases in demand over the past few decades.

Another major source of air pollution is burning of fossil fuels. The household sector is the second largest consumer of energy in India after the industrial sector. Gujarat still has 77.30% rural population using unprocessed solid fuel. The improvement in 5 years from NFHS‐ 2 and NFHS ‐3 is marginal and the usage of unprocessed fuel is reduced only by marginal 4.7 % in rural areas. For a progressive state like Gujarat having abundant natural resources, this is an alarming figure.

An inventory of air pollutants is a necessary first step towards control of air pollution. The ambient air quality is monitored in the State by Gujarat Pollution Control Board. The parameters being monitored are SO2, NOx, SPM & RSPM. The data for the years 2006 to 2010 has been analysed. Monitoring of PM 2.5 has also been started in Ahmedabad since June 2011. Monitoring of VOCs for 25 industrial clusters in Gujarat has also been initiated since May 2011. Noise levels are being monitored only during festivals of Navratri and Diwali.

Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM show that the air pollution in residential areas with respect to SO2 and NOx is within limits but SPM and RSPM levels are a cause for concern in most cities in the state. Trends in PM2.5 for Ahmedabad which is a recent addition have also been shown. Values are consistently high at traffic junctions like Nehru Bridge in Ahmedabad. At other locations, higher values are observed during winter months and lower levels are observed during monsoon months. The winter months are relatively much calmer than other months. The prevailing calm conditions facilitate more stability to atmosphere and consequently slow dispersion of pollutants generated and help in build up of pollutants in vicinity of the pollutant sources. If we look into the industrial clusters, the values of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM do not cross the critical levels in general. However, if we consider benzene, then industrial areas of Naroda, Vatva, Pandesara, Ankleshwar, Panoli and Dahej exhibit continuously higher values. Hot Spots based on the pressures have been identified in the state. Major contributors to air pollution are Population, industries and Vehicles. Rate of urbanisation and industrialization leading to growth of vehicles overall make cities Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot the hot spots for air pollution.

The United Nations Environment Programme has estimated that globally 1.1 billion people breathe unhealthy air (UNEP, 2002). Epidemiological studies have shown that concentrations of ambient air particles are associated with a wide range of effects on human health, especially on the cardio‐respiratory system. Beyond its human health impacts, air pollution is also detrimental to ecosystems. Through direct exposure and accumulation, reactive compounds negatively impact plant growth and are primary contributors to acid rain, which can diminish fish stocks, decrease biological diversity in


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sensitive ecosystems, degrade forests and soils, and diminish agricultural productivity. Air pollution is also known to have damaging effect on non living materials in the form of corrosion of metal, soiling and eroding of building surfaces etc. No health impact studies due to air pollution have been carried out in Gujarat in recent past.

Various efforts have been made by stakeholders to abate air pollution from different sources. These efforts are being made at national, state and individual level to adopt strategies that can reduce the impacts due to air pollution. Government of India enacted the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 to arrest the deterioration in the air quality. At national level, the efforts were in the form of Tightening of Ambient Air Quality Norms, Preparation of Zoning Atlas, Improved Vehicle Emission Norms, Improved Fuel Quality Norms etc. At state level, efforts are in the form of Air Action Plans, Monitoring of Industries, Strengthening of PUC Stations, CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas Supply, Registration of Retrofitters, Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in Ahmedabad, Improved Public Transport System. Promoting public bus transport is viewed as a top priority area to improve urban road traffic and for controlling air pollution from automobiles. Efforts at individual level are in the form of Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel (CNG/LPG), Use of Natural Gas by Industries, shifting from solid fuels at household level.

To focus the actions in right direction to reduce ambient air pollution; source apportionment exercises to find out the qualitative and quantitative contribution of various sources are needed to be carried out. Also there is a need to extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme to remaining areas in the State and to incorporate other parameters in monitoring as per the ambient air quality standards notified in 2009. More epidemiological studies need to be conducted at regular intervals to detect and analyze the health effects of air pollution. There is a need to strengthen Mass Transportation in cities and to promote use of cleaner fuel. Improvement in traffic management system to relieve congestion is urgently called for by linking the by lanes and introducing parallel road system. Pedestrianising busy areas in peak periods, permitting parking at nodal points by designating parking areas need to be implemented. Since there are multiple contributors to air pollution like vehicles, industries, fuel burning etc., therefore, control strategies require active co‐operation among all the concerned agencies and require creation of some common form where all the agencies can come together to plan strategies and programmes to prevent and control air pollution.

Introduction

Introduction

State of Air Environment

Page 1

INTRODUCTION

Air is an important life sustaining resource. Given the fact that a person breathes in more

than six liters of air every minute, the quality of air becomes a prime concern. Air

pollution as defined under Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 is “presence

of any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) in the atmosphere in such

concentrations as may be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or

property or environment.” The composition of air in natural environment is constant but

is being changed due to release of large amount of emissions by industries, automobiles

and other sources. This changed quality has become a great threat to survival of life and

ecosystem as a whole.

The World Bank has predicted that India’s water, air, soil and forest resources will be

under more human pressure than those of any other country by the year 2020. India is

also ranked lowest (132) for its air quality (effect on Human Health) in the recent

Environmental Performance Index conducted by Environmental Research Centers at Yale

and Columbia Universities in 2011. A study ‘Environmental Sustainability Index for Indian

States’ undertaken by the Center for Development Finance of Institute For Financial

Management & Research’ Chennai indicates that Gujarat faces maximum challenge in

maintaining environment. ESI is constructed as a composite index using 41 key

environmental indicators which are further grouped into nine thematic sub indices –air

quality and pollution, water quality and availability, land use and agriculture, forest and

biodiversity, waste generation and management, energy management, impact on human

health & disaster, population pressure on ecosystem and environmental budget. Gujarat

has obtained very low Sustainability percentile ranging between 0-20 as compared to

other industrial states of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu which have a sustainability

percentile of 40.1-60.0. Sub Index for Air Quality for Gujarat is also negative as shown in

Fig 1.1.

Fig A: Performance of Gujarat in ESI (2008)

Source: Center for Development Finance, IFMR, Chennai

Introduction


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Another study titled ‘Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters’

was done by CPCB in 2009 for 88 industrial clusters. From Gujarat; Ahmedabad,

Ankleshwar, Junagadh, Rajkot, Surat, Vadodara, Vapi, and Vatva figure in this list in

terms of air pollution.

The current study analyses the state of Air Environment for Gujarat. The framework used

is Pressure, State, Impact and Response (PSIR) which is the same as used in preparation

of State of Environment Report at National level. State of Environment for Gujarat was

last published in 2005.

Fig B: PSIR Framework

The report has been arranged as follows. Section I discusses the pressures which alter the

natural composition of atmosphere. These include natural as well as anthropogenic

factors like meteorological and climatic conditions, population growth, urbanisation,

industrilisation, use of fossil fuels, mining activities, vehicular growth and fuel

consumption by domestic and industrial sectors. Following the identified pressures,

Section II describes the present state of environment with respective to various pollution

parameters for last five years. Trends in SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM, PM2.5 are established.

VOCs and their influence in the industrial areas of Gujarat are also considered. Odour and

Noise also contribute to pollution categorized as nuisance and cause discomfort to

population near to source and these are also discussed in brief in this section.

Identification of Hot Spots in the State has been done based on various pressure

parameters. Section III details out the impacts of air pollution from economic and health

aspects. This section also looks into some specific health studies conducted at State level.

Responses at National, State and individual levels are reviewed for maintaining and

improving the air quality in Section IV. This also includes the policies, strategies and the

legal measures undertaken to improve the air quality. Finally, Section V lists out the

recommendations which may help in making Gujarat a sustainable and environment

friendly state.

Pressure

(Pollutants)

State

(Air Quality)

Impact

(Health & eco systems)

Response

(Policies, Standards

etc)

Section I - Pressures

Section I – Pressure


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SECTION I - PRESSURE

The study of air pollution requires a clear understanding of all sources contributing to air

pollutants. Even from the control point of view; the sources of pollution need to be

identified to take corrective measures in the right direction. Following sub sections

describe the various sources which exert pressure on air quality.

1.1 Air Pollutants

Air pollutants can be natural or may be the result of various anthropogenic activities like

industrial, vehicular or other emissions. Further the air pollutants can be primary or

secondary depending upon their formation mechanism. Primary pollutants are directly

emitted from the source and secondary pollutants are formed in the atmosphere. Air

pollutants are classified into particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. Table 1.1

highlights various air pollutants and their most common sources of generation.

Table 1.1: Air Pollutants & their Sources of Generation

Air Pollutant Typical Sources

Particulate Matter Mines and quarries, pottery and ceramics, power stations, cement factories, vehicles, natural sources

Sulphur dioxide Power houses, sulphuric acid plants, petroleum industry, oil refining, domestic use of fuel, vehicles

Nitrogen dioxide Acid manufacture, automobile exhaust, explosive industry

Carbon monoxide Fuel gases, automobile exhaust, mines, blast furnaces

Hydro carbons Vehicles, fossil fuel burning

PAHs Vehicles, fossil fuel burning

Volatile organic compounds

Vehicles



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1.2 Pressures on Air Quality

1.2.1 Meteorological & Climatic Conditions

Meteorological variables are a major contributor to the overall air quality of an area.

Even though the total discharge of air pollutants into the atmosphere may remain

constant, the ambient concentrations of air pollutants may vary depending upon the

meteorological conditions. The main parameters which directly affect concentrations of

pollutants are geophysical features of an area, rainfall and wind speed. Higher

concentrations are observed in the winter months when poor dispersion conditions

prevail. This relationship is reflected in the seasonal variation in the pollutant

concentrations.

Another important contributing factor is ambient temperature. Low temperatures during

the winter months lead to increased fuel usage for heating purposes. When solid fuels

are combusted for domestic heating, particulate emissions increase. This, together with

poor dispersion conditions, is likely to be key contributor to high concentration of air

pollutants in winter. During summer, the phenomenon of natural dust-laden winds from

arid and semi arid regions increase the PM levels.

Table 1.2: Climatic Regions of Gujarat

Region Districts Climate Rainfall (mm) Soil

Southern Hills Dang &Valsad Semi arid dry sub humid

1793 Deep black and coastal alluvial

Southern Gujarat

Surat, Bharuch Semi arid dry sub humid

974 Deep black and coastal alluvial

Middle Gujarat Vadodara, Kheda, Panchmahals

Semi arid 904 Medium black

North Gujarat Ahemdabad, Mehsana,Gandhinagar, Sabarkantha, Banaskantha

Arid 735 Gray brown costal alluvial

North west arid Kachchh Arid 340 Gray brown Deltic alluvial

North Saurashtra

Amreli, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Surendranagar

Semi Arid 537 Medium Black Calcarous

South Saurashtra

Junagadh Dry sub humid 844 Costal Alluvium Medium blacks

Source:GEC Report 2007



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In Gujarat, winters are mild, pleasant, and dry with average daytime temperatures of 29

°C and average night time temperature of 12 °C with 100 percent sunny days and clear

nights. The summers are extremely hot and dry with average daytime temperatures of 41

°C and average night time temperature of 29 °C. Monsoon season starts around mid

June. During monsoon, the average day temperatures gets lowered to 35 °C and average

night time temperature to 27 °C, however, this season has high humidity levels. The

northern region receives a rainfall ranging from 51 to 102 centimeters; whereas the

southern region receives 76 to 152 centimeters of rainfall. Rainfall in the southern

regions of Saurashtra and the Gulf of Cambay is low compared to the other parts of

Gujarat. Gujarat receives more than 3000 to 3200 hours of bright sunshine in a year and

more than 2000 kWh/m2/year of global solar radiation.

Source: SOE 2005

Source: SOE 2005

Fig 1.1: Climate in Gujarat

Fig 1.2: Soil Map of Gujarat



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Table 1.3: Climate in Gujarat

Sr. No. Criteria Details

1. Summer Temperature Day: 32 – 43 ºC, Night: 27 to 32 ºC.

2. Winter Temperature Day: 10 – 25 ºC Night: 4 – 10 ºC

3. Relative Humidity 20 – 25 % in dry periods

55 – 95 % in wet periods

4. Annual Precipitation 500 – 1300 mm

5. Wind Strong winds during monsoons from the south-east and dry cold winds from the north-east. In summer, the winds are hot and dusty.

Source: SP2005, National Building Code of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2005

Source: SOE 2005

Source: SOE 2005

Fig 1.3: Physiography in Gujarat

Fig 1.4: Rainfall in Gujarat



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1.2.2 Population Growth & Urbanisation

Gujarat has witnessed a decent growth in its population

in the last 60 years. From a small figure of 16.26 Lacs in

1951, the population was more 6.03 crores in 2011.

Gujarat is now the 10th most populous state of India and

has 5 per cent share of the country's population with a 6

per cent share of geographical area. Gujarat's population

has increased by 97,12,611 during the decade of 2001 to

2011. The urban population has seen a rise from 37.36

per cent in 2001 to 42.58 per cent in 2011, making it one

of the fastest growing urbanised states. In terms of Population, Ahmedabad is the largest

city of Gujarat and Surat and Vadodara are at number two and three. Rajkot is the fourth

largest city . The districts like Bhavnagar, Bhuj, Junagadh and Jamnagar have a high

percentage of urban population. The concentration of population in urban centers exerts

huge pressure on land, air and water quality. Ahmedabad ranks 52nd and Surat 77th in the

list of most populated urban cities in the world.

The broad changes in the state of Gujarat since census 2001 are as follows:

Table 1.4: Increase in Number of Towns in Gujarat

Sr. No. Level 2001 2011 Variation

1 Districts 25 26 +1

2 Talukas 226 225 -1

3 Towns 242 348 +106

Statutory Towns 185 195 +10

Census Towns 57 153 +96

4 Industrially Notified Area 17 26 +9

5 Villages 18539 18225 -314

Source: Census 2011

Statutory Town (ST): All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified

town area committee etc.

Census Town (CT): Places that satisfy the following criteria are termed as Census Towns.

a)Minimum population of 5000; b) At least 75% of the male main working population engaged in

non-agricultural pursuits; c) A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km.

Population characteristics of Gujarat highlight that three districts of Ahmedabad, Surat

and Vadodara contribute to 29% of the population of Gujarat. Nearly 50% of the state’s

population resides in 7 districts viz. Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Rajkot, Banaskantha,

Bhavnagar and Junagadh. Surat has the highest decadal growth rate and population

density, though urban population is maximum in Ahmedabad Disrict. It can be noted that

the characteristics of a district depend on the size of urban centers belonging to it.



Page 8

Table1.5: Population Characteristics in Gujarat 2011

Sr. No. DISTRICT

Po

pu

lati

on

De

cad

al

Gro

wth

Rat

e

% o

f St

ate

Po

pu

lati

on

% R

ura

l

% U

rban

Po

pu

lati

on

De

nsi

ty

1 Ahmedabad 7208200

22.31 11.94 15.95 84.05 890

2 Amreli 1513614

8.59 2.51 74.51 25.49 205

3 Anand 2090276

12.57 3.46 69.68 30.32 711

4 Banaskantha 3116045

24.43 5.16 86.73 13.27 290

5 Bharuch 1550822

13.14 2.57 65.93 34.07 238

6 Bhavnagar 2877961

16.53 4.77 58.99 41.01 288

7 Dahod 2126558

29.95 3.52 91.01 8.99 582

8 Gandhinagar 1387478

12.15 2.30 56.79 43.21 660

9 Jamnagar 2159130

13.38 3.58 55.04 44.96 153

10 Junagadh 2742291

12.01 4.54 66.95 33.05 310

11 Kachchh 2090313

32.03 3.46 65.28 34.72 46

12 Kheda 2298934

12.81 3.81 77.24 22.76 541

13 Mehsana 2027727

9.91 3.36 74.65 25.35 462

14 Narmada 590379 14.77 0.98 89.56 10.44 214

15 Navsari 1330711

8.24 2.20 69.26 30.74 602

16 Panchmahal 2388267

17.92 3.96 86 14 458

17 Patan 1342746

13.53 2.22 79.07 20.93 234

18 Porbandar 586062 9.17 0.97 51.23 48.77 255

19 Rajkot 3799770

19.87 6.29 41.88 58.12 339

20 Sabarkantha 2427346

16.56 4.02 85.04 14.96 328

21 Surat 6079231

42.19 10.07 20.32 79.68 1376

22 Surendranagar

1755873

15.89 2.91 71.7 28.3 167

23 Tapi 806489 12.07 1.34 90.21 9.79 249

24 The Dang 226769 21.44 0.38 89.11 10.89 129

25 Vadodara 4157568

14.16 6.89 50.46 49.54 551

26 Valsad 1703068

20.74 2.82 62.77 37.23 561

Gujarat 60383628

19.17 100.00 57.42 42.58 308

India

68.84 31.16

Source: Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011

The State with a 42.58 percent urban population in 2011 has 30 urban centers with more

than 1 lac population. Seven Municipal Corporations contribute to 56.12 percent of the

total urban population of the state.



Page 9

Table 1.6: Cities Having Population 1 lac & Above

Sr. No. Dist Code City Population

1 7 Ahmedabad (M Corp.) 5,570,585

2 25 Surat (M Corp.) 4,462,002

3 19 Vadodara (M Corp.) 1,666,703

4 9 Rajkot (M. Corp) 1,286,995

5 14 Bhavnagar (M Corp.) 593,768

6 10 Jamnagar (M Corp.) 529,308

7 12 Junagadh (M Corp.) 320,250

8 1 Gandhidham (M) 248,705

9 16 Nadiad (M) 218,150

10 6 Gandhinagar (NA) 208,299

11 15 Anand (M) 197,351

12 9 Morvi (M) 188,278

13 4 Mahesana (M) 184,133

14 8 Surendranagar Dudhrej (M) 177,827

15 21 Bharuch (M) 168,729

16 24 Vapi (M) 163,605

17 23 Navsari (M) 160,100

18 12 Veraval (M) 153,696

19 11 Porbandar (M) 152,136

20 1 Bhuj (M) 147,123

21 17 Godhra (M) 143,126

22 14 Botad (M) 130,302

23 2 Palanpur (M) 127,125

24 3 Patan (M) 125,502

25 9 Jetpur Navagadh (M) 118,550

26 24 Valsad (M) 114,987

27 6 Kalol (M) 112,126

28 9 Gondal (M) 112,064

29 2 Deesa (M) 111,149

30 13 Amreli (M) 105,980

Source: Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011



Page 10

1.2.3 Urban Heat Islands

The air temperatures in densely built urban

areas are often higher than the temperatures

of the surrounding countryside. The term

“urban heat island” refers to increased surface

temperatures in some pockets of a city, caused

by an ever changing microclimate. The

difference between the maximum city

temperature (measured at the city center) and

the surrounding countryside is the urban heat-

island intensity. The density of the built

environment and the extent of tree cover or vegetation primarily affect the heat-island

intensity. Pollution and heat due to vehicular traffic, industrialisation and human

activities are other contributing factors. The heat released from combustion of fuels also

adds to the ambient temperature of a city.

The hot and still anti-cyclonic weather conditions that are responsible for intense urban

heat island events also produce high air pollution levels. The chemical reactions that

produce ozone and smog are accelerated by high temperatures whilst low wind speeds

ensure that the heat and pollution remains trapped in the city. Climate Variables

affecting Heat Island are temperature, wind speed, solar irradiance & cloud cover,

relative humidity and precipitation.

Very few Heat island studies have been conducted so far and the pressure of Heat Island

in urban India is deliberated only in some conferences, seminars and papers published in

various journals. Remote Sensing and image processing tools are used to analyse the heat

island phenomenon. Detailed studies for Heat Island Intensity of Gujarat cities are not

available. It is likely that Amedabad and Surat may have a high Heat Island Intensity due

to high urbanization, vehicular growth and industrialisation. Vadodara and Rajkot with

their urban expansion and reducing tree cover may also possess moderate Heat Island

Intensity.

1.2.4 Industrialisation

Gujarat has continued to witness impressive

industrial development. Government of Gujarat

while announcing Industrial Policy in 2003 and 2009

had given strong emphasis on making Gujarat based

industries competitive enough to meet with

challenges of globalization. For this purpose

Government also announced various schemes such

as assistance for cleaner technology, upgradation of

technology for manufacturing and environmental

management system, subsidy for R & D activities and interest subsidy to SMES etc. An

important feature of the Industrial Policy is the scheme of cluster development. In the

state, 83 clusters have been identified with a range of industries. They are being



Page 11

strengthened with Government assistance in the form of developing common facilities

centers, up gradation of infrastructure, conducting training programmes for skill up

gradation etc. Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation is the agency responsible for

developing industrial estates in the State & industrial units get developed plots/sheds

with all amenities for setting up their units. There are 182 industrial estates spread

throughout the State covering an area of 3200 hectares. Also 60 SEZs have been notified

in the State so far. SIR Act was enacted by the State in 2009 for creating large size

investment regions in the State and to develop these regions as global hubs of economic

activity having world class infrastructure. Eleven such SIRs have been notified so far and

are at various stages of planning and development.

Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor – is an industrial development to be facilitated along

the proposed Dedicated Rail Corridor connecting Delhi to Mumbai covering an overall

length of 1483km.Gujarat contributes a staggering 38% to this proposed corridor with six

investment zones and industrial areas along this corridor.

Source: GIDC & Perspective Plan DMIC

The total number of industries having pollution potential as registered with Gujarat

Pollution Control Board as on 02/05/2012 is 22125. The details are shown below.

Fig 1.5: Industrial Estates, SEZs, SIRs & DMIC Nodes in Gujarat



Page 12

Table 1.7: Industries Registered with GPCB

Details of Industries Number

Total industries registered with GPCB 22125 Industries falling under Water Act 19302

Industries falling under Air Act 16509

Industries falling under Hazardous Waste Rules 14856

Industry under Red category 13780

Industry under Orange category 4694

Industry under Green category 3651

Small Scale industries 19132

Medium Scale Industries 984

Large Scale Industries 2006 Source: GPCB

Red category industries have the maximum pollution potential, orange medium and

green industry have low potential. This classification has been provided by the Central

Pollution Control Board. (pl refer Ann I for industrial sectors covered under

Red/Orange/Green categories). Table 1.9 lists the industries with air pollution potential

registered with GPCB. The jurisdiction area of various Regional Offices of GPCB is shown

in Fig 1.6.

Fig 1.6: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB

Source: GPCB



Page 13

Table 1.8: Distribution of Air Polluting Industries in Gujarat (as on 02/05/2012)

Sr. No. RO name Air Polluting Units

1 Ahmedabad 2041

2 Anand 341

3 Ankleshwar 1002

4 Bharuch 177

5 Bhavnagar 705

6 Bhuj 762

7 Gandhinagar 1405

8 Godhra 468

9 Himatnagar 379

10 Jamnagar 557

11 Jetpur 159

12 Junagadh 489

13 Mehsana 577

14 Nadiad 342

15 Navsari 357

16 Palanpur 259

17 Porbandar 312

18 Rajkot 1889

19 Surat 1202

20 SurendraNgr 493

21 Vadodara 1240

22 Vapi 1353

Total 16509

Source: GPCB

Note: Gandhinagar RO also covers rural areas of Ahmedabad district, therefore number

of Air Polluting Industries is high under this RO.

Of the 17 most polluting categories classified, Gujarat has 15 categories except Tannery

and Zinc Smelters. (Table 1.10)



Page 14

Table 1.9: Large Industries under 17 Most Polluting Categories (28/02/2012)

Sr. No. CPCB Category Operational

1 Chlor Alkali 6

2 Aluminium 1

3 Cement 23

4 Copper 1

5 Dyes & Intermediates 57

6 Distillery 0

7 Fertilizers 8

8 Iron & steel 20

9 Oil Refineries 5

10 Pulp & Paper 49

11 Petrochemicals 16

12 Pesticides 32

13 Pharmaceuticals 84

14 Sugar 19

15 Tannery 0

16 Thermal Power 18

17 Zinc 0

Source: GPCB



Page 15

1.2.5 Power Sector

In Gujarat, private sector contributes 60 % and

public sector contributes 40% to the total

power generation. Power generation is largely

coal based and there is no nuclear power

generation in the state. Thermal Power

including coal, gas and diesel as fuel,

contributes 80% to the total power generation

in the State. Hydro power and renewable

energy contribute 5.30% and 15% respectively.

In Renewable energy, solar energy has a

contribution of 3%, biomass 1% & remaining is wind energy. The installed capacities are

shown in Table 1.10 and 1.11.

Power generation from fossil fuels contribute heavily to the carbon footprint. It is

expressed as grams of CO2 equivalent per kilowatt hour of generation (gCO2eq/kWh). The

carbon footprint of fossil-fuelled power plants is dominant due to emissions during their

operation. Indirect emissions during other life-cycle phases such as raw material

extraction and plant construction are relatively minor. Coal burning power systems have

the largest carbon footprint of all the power generation systems. Generation

technologies based on non-fossil fuel such as wind, solar (photovoltaic), hydro, biomass,

wave/tidal and nuclear power are 'low carbon' or 'carbon neutral' because they do not

emit CO2 during their operation. However, they are not 'carbon free' since CO2 emissions

arise in other phases of their life cycle such as during extraction, construction,

maintenance and decommissioning.

S. No. Source Carbon footprint range (gCO2eq/kWh)

1. Conventional coal combustion systems ~1,000 or more

2. Gas powered electricity generation ~500

3. photovoltaic power systems ~60

4. hydro power schemes with storage ~10-30

5. Run-of-river hydro power schemes ~ 5

6. Onshore and offshore wind plants ~4.8

7. Onshore and offshore wind plants ~5.5

8. Nuclear power generation ~5

Source: The 'carbon footprint' of power generation; Prakash Nayak, chairman, IET Power

Panel



Page 16

Fig 1.7: Location of Thermal Power Plants in Gujarat

Source: CEA & GPCL



Page 17

Table 1.10 Installed Capacity (MW) – Public and Private Sector

Particulars 01.004.2005 31.03.2012 01.04.2017

Total Capacity 8683 15306 30337

State (GSECL) 4995 (58%) 4996 (33%)

8792 (29%)

State Owned IPPs

711 (08%) 1567(10%) 3276 (11%)

Private IPPs 1445 (16%) 5563 (36%)

10792 (35%)

Centre Share 1532(18%) 3180 (21%)

7477 (25%)

Table 1.11: Installed Capacity (MW) – Thermal and Renewable

Fuel MW %

Coal 8756 57

Gas 4172 27

Lignite 1040 7

Hydro 779 5

Nuclear 559 4

Total 15306 100



Page 18

Coal 57%

Gas 27%

Lignite 7%

Hydro 5%

Nuclear 4%

Fig 1.8: Fuel Wise Distribution in Installed Capacity - 31/03/2012



Page 19

Source: GEDA

1.2.6 Mining

Among the air polluting sectors, minerals industry

ranks among the top. The impact of mining on air

starts from exploration phase, increases manifold

during operational phase and may even extend

beyond the mine closure. The fugitive emission is a

common phenomena related to mining, which is

very significant in case of open cast mining as

compared to underground mines. In addition,

waste handling, transportation and its storage also

have high dust potential. The intensity of dust generation in the mine lease area are also

influenced by various factor such as wind speed, hardness of the rock, mining technology,

mode of transportation and level of mechanisation.

Inadequate dust suppression measures and poor mine management practices may,

sometime, also cause widespread impact on local public health and occupational

diseases.

wind 96%

solar 3%

biomass 1%

Fig 1.9: Percentage of Renewable Energy Sources in Gujarat



Page 20

Table 1.12: Mining activities and potential sources of air pollution

Pollution Mining activities

Dust pollution Drilling, Loading operation, Haul road, Crushing and Storage of ore, Solid waste handling & handling

Dust and gaseous pollutants like sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen

Blasting, Transportation

Air pollution and water pollution Tailing waste

Source: Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi

Figure 1.11 shows the mining areas in Gujarat. District wise distribution of mining areas in

the State is shown in Table 1.13. According to the Map, mining covers only 0.033% of the

total state area. Kachchh with 28.18 km2 has maximum area under mining in the state.

But mining contributes only 0.062% to landuse of the total district area. Sabarkantha has

highest percentage in landuse under mining (0.115%). Mining in Gujarat is usually done

for production of Agate, Steatite , Gypsum, Limestone, Lignite, Bauxite, Laterite,

Dolomite, Clay (others), China Clay, Bentonite, Quartz ,Silica sand and Chalk.

Fig 1.10: Mining Areas in Gujarat

Source: LULC Info (2005-06) Bhuvan beta Thematic Services Map



Page 21

Table 1.13: District wise Distribution of Mining Area in Gujarat

Sr. No. District Area km2 Mining Area km2 % Area under Mining

under Mining Gujarat 196024 65.06 0.033

1 Kachchh 45652 28.18 0.062

2 Sabarkantha 7390 8.52 0.115

3 Surendranagar 10489 7.67 0.073

4 Panchmahals 5257 5.1 0.097

5 Kheda 4150 4.28 0.103

6 Rajkot 11203 4.07 0.036

7 Vadodara 7794 3.42 0.044

8 Amreli 6760 0.98 0.014

9 Bhavnagar 11155 0.72 0.006

10 Junagarh 8306 0.48 0.006

11 Jamnagar 14125 0.47 0.003

12 Patan 5684 0.46 0.008

13 Ahmedabad 8707 0.42 0.005

14 Surat 7657 0.22 0.003

15 Mahesana 3343 0.08 0.002

Source: LULC Info (2005-06) Bhuvan beta Thematic Services Map

1.2.7 Vehicular Growth

The increasing urbanisation and industrialisation has increased demand for transport.

Public transport systems have not been able to keep pace with the rapid and substantial

increases in demand over past few decades. The urban road chaos is increasing day by

day with ever increasing share of personalized modes especially of two wheelers and four

wheelers. Infrastructure shortages are evident with traffic snarls and grid locks. Bus

services in particular have deteriorated and their relative output has been further

reduced as passengers have turned to personalised modes and intermediate public

transport (such as three-wheelers and taxis). Major Factors contributing to poor air

quality on road are as below:

Congestion

Low speeds on major corridors

Fleet sizes of public transport

Increase in trip lengths due to urban sprawl

Operating buses in congested streets

Increase in purchase power of people

Completely inadequate facilities for cycling



Page 22

Vehicular air pollution is one of the major contributors to overall air pollution in any area.

The continuous rise in the number of vehicles is adding to the problem. The pollutants in

vehicular pollution like carbon monoxide, sulphur, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, lead,

sulphur dioxide, and particulate matter affect human health and cause diseases like cold,

cough, asthma, headache, cancer etc. The vehicular population in the last decade has

grown from 5576040 to 12993135 (133.02%) in Gujarat. In 2011 major contributor to the

fleet are the two wheelers forming 73.17%, followed by private cars and goods vehicles

as seen in Fig 1.12.

Source: Office of Transport Commissioner

Growth of vehicle fleet in Gujarat from 1961 to 2011 is shown in Table 1.14. In 1961,

there were maximum number of private cars (36.84%) followed by goods vehicles

(25.76%). Two wheelers formed only 18.81% of total vehicular population. The

percentage of two wheelers was 73.17% in 2011, private cars formed 9.37% and good

vehicles only 5.22%. Proportion of other categories of vehicles has almost remained

same. Passenger vehicles in 2011 contribute only 0.65% to the total number. In Table

1.14, actual numbers of private cars, taxi cabs, jeeps, autorickshaws, tractors, trailors and

other Vehicles (Including ambulance) have been taken and the rest are covered as under:

Goods Vehicles Passenger Vehicles Two Wheelers

Trucks

Tankers

3Wheel Vehicles

Other Light Vehicles

State Carriage

Contract Carriage

Maxi Cabs

School Buses

Priv.Serv.Vehicles

Police Vans

Motorcycles/Scooters

Mopeds

Goods Vehicles,

5.22 Passenger Vehicles, 0.65

Private Cars, 9.37

Taxi Cab, 0.38

Jeeps, 1.24

Autorikshaw, 3.93

Two Wheelers, 73.17

Tractors, 3.41

Trailors, 2.27

Other Vehicles(including Ambulance), 0.35

Fig1.11 Categorywise Distribution of Vehicles In Gujarat (31/03/2011)



Page 23

Table 1.14: Growth of Vehicular Population in Gujarat over decades

Typ

e o

f

Ve

hic

le

19

61

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s 19

71

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s 19

81

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s 19

91

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s 20

01

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s 20

11

%

of

tota

l

veh

icle

s

Go

od

s

Ve

hic

les

11

13

8

25

.76

24

84

3

16

.79

49

64

1

9.5

0

13

54

96

6.6

0

33

09

11

5.9

3

67

88

04

5.2

2

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

les

25

18

5.8

2

59

61

4.0

3

12

92

7

2.4

7

24

77

9

1.2

1

45

99

3

0.8

2

84

60

7

0.6

5

Pri

vate

Car

s

15

92

7

36

.84

28

64

1

19

.36

57

04

6

10

.92

15

52

92

7.5

7

43

80

58

7.8

6

12

18

03

0

9.3

7

Taxi

Cab

70

0

1.6

2

16

69

1.1

3

30

73

0.5

9

10

91

7

0.5

3

32

34

8

0.5

8

49

12

4

0.3

8

Jee

ps

0.0

0

79

85

5.4

0

15

64

1

2.9

9

36

73

7

1.7

9

94

11

7

1.6

9

16

08

0

0

1.2

4

Au

tori

k

shaw

11

03

2.5

5

76

92

5.2

0

33

45

8

6.4

0

10

81

29

5.2

7

23

47

26

4.2

1

51

12

70

3.9

3

Two

Wh

ee

lers

81

32

18

.81

49

93

4

33

.75

28

13

97

53

.86

14

12

00

7

68

.80

39

64

86

9

71

.11

95

07

55

6

73

.17

Trac

tor

s 19

44

4.5

0

12

29

2

8.3

1

37

41

5

7.1

6

92

54

1

4.5

1

24

21

58

4.3

4

44

27

37

3.4

1

Trai

lors

15

17

3.5

1

79

91

5.4

0

29

60

0

5.6

7

72

78

0

3.5

5

18

09

50

3.2

5

29

48

85

2.2

7

Oth

er

Ve

hic

les

(in

clu

din

g

Am

bu

lan

ce)

25

1

0.5

8

95

9

0.6

5

22

53

0.4

3

37

13

0.1

8

11

91

0

0.2

1

45

32

2

0.3

5

Tota

l

43

23

0

10

0.

00

14

79

67

10

0.

00

52

24

51

10

0.

00

20

52

39

1

10

0.

00

55

76

04

0

10

0.

00

12

99

31

35

10

0.

00

Source: Transport Department



Page 24


From the total fleet of vehicles, non transport vehicles are more than 85% and transport

vehicles form the remaining 15%. Trends of last decade show that proportion of non

transport vehicles has increased from 85 % to 87% and transport vehicles reduced in the

same proportion. The Transport and Non Transport vehicles are categorized as under:

Transport Vehicles Non Transport Vehicles

Goods Vehicles

Truck/ Lorries

Tankers

Wheeler Goods Vehicles

Other Light Goods Vehicles

Passenger Vehicles

Buses

Maxi-Cab

School Bus

Private Service Vehicles

Taxi

Auto-Rickshaw

Ambulance

Trailors

Police Van Motor Car& Station Wagons Jeep Tractor Motor Cycle Scooters Mopeds Others

96-97

97-98

98-99

99-20

00-01

01-02

02-03

03-04

04-05

05-06

06-07

07-08

08-09

09-10

10-11

All Vehicles 3777 4203 4680 5191 5576 6008 6508 7088 7817 8622 9497 1028 1099 1187 1299

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

No

. of

Ve

hic

les

('0

00

)

Fig 1.12: Vehicle Population : All Vehicles



Page 25


RTO wise Vehicle Distribution

There are 27 RTO and ARTOs in Gujarat. The Dangs district is dealt by Valsad RTO

whereas Surat district consists of two RTOs, viz in Surat & Bardoli. The RTO of Vyara is

constituted for Tapi District. The trend for proportion of vehicles in each district is similar

to that of the state. But the proportion of two wheelers in districts of Rajkot, Dahod,

Navsari, Rajpipla, Surat and Vyara is more than 80% of the total vehicle fleet. Detailed

vehicular information from 1996-97 till 2011 is provided in Annexure IV.

2000-2001 2005-2006 2010-2011

Transport 826046 1112590 1621857

NonTransport 4749994 7509700 11371278

Total 5576040 8622290 12993135

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

Nu

mb

er

Fig 1.13:Transport and NonTransport Vehicles in Gujarat



Page 26

Table 1.15: Distribution of Vehicles in Various RTOs of Gujarat

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

Ahmedabad

2000-2001 54331 199289 51100 870379 24497 17125 3209 1219930

2005-2006 68722 271970 77896 1307107 30236 19182 5115 1780228

2010-2011 100401 423284 128240 1875658 39636 24166 9187 2600572

Mahesana

2000-2001 18106 31266 14180 133498 29354 19497 477 246378

2005-2006 22331 42569 16331 194559 33270 21292 823 331175

2010-2011 29164 59515 22451 282469 38373 23880 1474 457326

Rajkot

2000-2001 32702 36179 6681 370581 15051 16666 1157 479017

2005-2006 42225 53703 9717 595271 18187 20161 1961 741225

2010-2011 57880 101052 17568 917682 28512 28927 4261 1155882

Bhavnagar

2000-2001 12311 11731 5568 180247 10871 11626 270 232624

2005-2006 16519 16779 8051 265992 12365 12894 427 333027

2010-2011 24509 26723 10382 367454 17121 17095 980 464264

Surat

2000-2001 29170 75043 33432 602583 12488 8473 461 761650

2005-2006 40141 124326 57851 964843 13814 9187 988 1211150

2010-2011 62321 210000 79980 1370899 16161 10242 2515 1752118

Vadodara

2000-2001 31768 72293 26494 453301 12426 8827 866 605975

2005-2006 41417 106285 31549 680751 15889 10895 1308 888094



Page 27

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

2010-2011 58131 165249 48225 984383 24406 15442 4001 1299837

Nadiad

2000-2001 27480 38305 34077 231932 32863 19580 148 384385

2005-2006 31939 46970 40327 300966 38862 21250 311 480625

2010-2011 37703 57243 50859 374732 45994 23967 440 590938

Palanpur

2000-2001 4951 9398 4466 35306 21790 9947 32 85890

2005-2006 8908 15656 5935 63179 29469 12418 108 135673

2010-2011 12893 24842 8858 115385 38819 17058 331 218186

Himmatnagar

2000-2001 11332 10219 6020 84750 17332 10866 20 140539

2005-2006 16272 17874 9333 162802 22924 12294 65 241564

2010-2011 24460 32034 13768 262536 30209 14652 482 378141

Jamnagar

2000-2001 18745 12111 3102 134812 5638 6636 561 181605

2005-2006 24982 19118 4346 210627 8121 9026 1313 277533

2010-2011 36282 34838 5951 333319 16614 15504 3729 446237

Junagarh 2000-2001 20323 8628 5099 126976 8897 10825 167 180915



Page 28

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

2005-2006 25132 12823 6166 200480 11126 12679 199 268605

2010-2011 34212 21202 7062 311658 17459 15329 418 407340

Bhuj

2000-2001 20763 17120 6058 125167 11275 9040 668 190091

2005-2006 33669 28991 9095 222677 14817 12338 1625 323212

2010-2011 52855 52612 12876 348160 22528 18206 4324 511561

Surendranagar

2000-2001 4842 3528 930 56088 12508 9623 60 87579

2005-2006 8201 6445 1784 95922 17216 11811 106 141485

2010-2011 13094 11157 3406 149264 23909 15508 397 216735

Amreli

2000-2001 4317 2436 415 38947 4367 5565 56 56103

2005-2006 5894 4459 628 69758 5236 6718 92 92785

2010-2011 8812 7849 855 114492 8573 10486 145 151212

Valsad

2000-2001 16139 31839 15804 210171 6085 4684 327 285049

2005-2006 21629 41627 22150 292296 6497 5126 866 390191

2010-2011 30501 61884 30083 405531 7827 5938 1537 543301



Page 29

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

Bharuch

2000-2001 9270 16397 10004 112821 6339 3776 244 158851

2005-2006 14351 30971 12043 194396 8289 4558 498 265106

2010-2011 21003 51142 19392 277047 11885 6108 1847 388424

Godhara

2000-2001 8627 9778 7360 74312 5043 4404 128 109652

2005-2006 7991 11284 8863 97628 6179 4999 230 137174

2010-2011 11541 18002 12196 153848 10998 8196 323 215104

Gandhinagar

2000-2001 2787 19326 1920 54220 1842 1010 161 81266

2005-2006 9006 40591 3651 129472 4868 2120 509 190217

2010-2011 21566 70748 11511 217635 9419 4195 1674 336748

Bardoli

2000-2001 1419 4535 714 39473 1480 1064 43 48728

2005-2006 3784 9828 1313 83847 2981 2092 150 103995

2010-2011 7402 18216 2688 130460 5389 3926 416 168497

Dahod

2000-2001 654 1850 841 15868 1105 1056 12 21386

2005-2006 3905 5714 2676 52456 3135 2851 58 70795



Page 30

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

2010-2011 6191 8676 3598 94168 5629 4747 156 123165

Navsari

2000-2001 429 1016 133 8248 92 129 20 10067

2005-2006 3278 7970 1310 71226 647 691 348 85470

2010-2011 8983 21383 3120 149684 2006 1492 572 187240

Patan

2000-2001 234 663 153 2616 701 411 15 4793

2005-2006 2206 3784 631 23058 3609 1743 107 35138

2010-2011 4745 8609 1458 58584 7389 3663 196 84644

Porbandar

2000-2001 211 322 175 2573 114 120 52 3567

2005-2006 1958 1844 691 21942 583 511 136 27665

2010-2011 4039 4472 1132 49594 2249 1668 218 63372

Rajpipla

2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2005-2006 344 749 119 7491 262 128 6 9099

2010-2011 846 2078 496 20419 1129 611 40 25619

Anand 2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0



Page 31

RTO Year

Go

od

s V

eh

icle

Pas

sen

ger

Ve

hic

le

Au

to R

icks

haw

2W

he

ele

r

Trac

tor

Trai

lor

Oth

er

Total

2005-2006 2898 6862 4239 43363 2803 826 68 61059

2010-2011 9026 24507 15092 136584 10242 3811 253 199515

Vyara

2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2005-2006 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2010-2011 244 633 23 5911 261 68 17 7157

GUJARAT

2000-2001 330911 613272 234726 3964869 242158 180950 9154 5576040

2005-2006 457702 929192 336695 6352109 311385 217790 17417 8622290

2010-2011 678804 1517950 511270 9507556 442737 294885 39933 1299313

5


Note: The year wise and RTO wise vehicle details for the period V1996-1997 TO 2010-

2011 is presented in Annexure IV.



Page 32

Vehicle Distribution in Urban Centers

In Urban centers of Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot, two wheelers form the

largest proportion of vehicle fleet, followed by three wheeler and four wheelers.

Following figure shows the population of these vehicles upto March 2009.

Fig 1.14: Distribution of Vehicles in Major Urban Centers of Gujarat

78%

6%

16%

Ahmedabad as on 31/3/2009

2 Wheelers 3 Wheelers 4 & more

80%

5%

15%

Vadodara as on 31/3/2008




Page 33


1.2.8 Fuel Usage Table 1.16 shows retail sales of petrol and diesel in Gujarat. More than 90% of sale of

these fuels is through public sector companies ie IOC, BPCL and HPCL. With conversion of

vehicles to cleaner technologies, slight change is observed in consumption of petrol and

diesel from 2009 onwards.

83%

5% 12%

Surat as on 31/3/2009


80%

3% 17%

Rajkot as on 31/3/2008




Page 34

Table 1.16: Retail Fuel Sale Details for Gujarat

Petrol - Retail Sales (in KL) 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

IOC 213492 226785 331386 390374 412425 442621

BPC 190819 190547 200101 222869 240537 260877

HPC 143277 148099 163743 190287 207301 223222

IBP 80093 77508 0 741 6309 10230

RIL 71122 77614 57722 1823 10469 22958

ESSAR 9285 6624 20590 11423 38194 47048

Total 708088 727177 773542 817518 915235 1006956

% increase

3% 6% 5% 11% 9%

PSU Subtotal 547588 565431 695230 803531 860263 926720

PSU % 77% 78% 90% 98% 94% 92%

HSD - Retail Sales (in KL) 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

IOC 643213 795757 1157477 1297559 1275714 1407744

BPC 449177 542673 575748 640652 642641 706881

HPC 352900 409803 456075 518932 512720 584399

IBP 235718 263671 0 205 3572 1457

RIL 417768 263654 119051 1105 82963 123625

ESSAR 46061 16474 33514 55244 234788 189352

Total 2144837 2292032 2341865 2513697 2752398 3013458

% increase

6% 2% 7% 9% 9%

PSU Subtotal 1445290 1748233 2189300 2457143 2431075 2699024

PSU % 67% 76% 93% 98% 88% 90%

Source: IOCL Ahmedabad



Page 35

Retail CNG Sales

Due to Government initiative to promote switching over of the vehicles to cleaner fuel

CNG, the retail network started getting established in Gujarat since 2006. Following table

shows percentage change in sale of petrol, diesel and CNG for the years 2007-08 to 2010-

11. The percentage increase in sale of CNG is higher than petrol and diesel.

Table 1.17: Vehicular Growth and Fuel Consumptionis

Tota

l Veh

icle

s

% in

crea

se

HSD

% in

crea

se

MS

% in

crea

se

CN

G

% In

crea

se

2007-08 10289056 2341865 695230 113915

2008-09 10998651 6% 2513697 7% 803531 13% 160425 29%

2009-10 11872573 7% 2752398 9% 860263 7% 207114 23%

2010-11 12993135 9% 3013458 9% 926720 7% 266083 22%

Source: IOCL Ahmedabad

1.2.9 Travel Mode Characteristics

Ahmedabad district contributes 20% to the total vehicular population of Gujarat. In the

City, trips by two wheelers form 45.20% of the total trips followed by bicycles and buses.

16.77% of the commuting population still walks to its destination. The trips by Public

Transport are meagre 8.97%. (Fig 1.17).



Page 36

Source: CEPT , Ahmedabad

1.2.10 Indoor Air Pollution

A considerable amount of air pollution results

from burning of fossil fuels. The household

sector is the second largest consumer of

energy in India after the industrial sector.

National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3)

found that 71% of India's households use solid

fuels for cooking whereas this figure is 91 %

for rural households. According to the same

survey, more than 60% of Indian households

depend on traditional sources of energy like

fuel-wood, dung and crop residue for meeting their cooking and heating needs. Burning

of traditional fuels produces large quantities of CO2 in the atmosphere, but if there is an

incomplete combustion followed by oxidation, CO is produced in addition to

hydrocarbons. ‘Sick Building Syndrome’ is a growing concern worldwide. Smoke from

solid cooking fuels such as wood, charcoal, and animal dung leads to a range of serious

health problems including respiratory infections, low birth weight, and eye problems.

Prevalence of TB can be associated to type of house and main cooking fuel.

16.77%

19.66%

45.20%

4.96%

4.45% 8.97%

Fig 1.15: Travel Mode Chracteristics-Ahmedabad 2007

Walk

Bicycle

TW

Car

Auto Rickshaw

Bus



Page 37

Source: NFHS

As the surveys suggest, Gujarat still has 77.30% rural population using unprocessed solid

fuel. The improvement in 5 years from NFHS- 2 and NFHS -3 is marginal and usage of

unprocessed fuel is reduced only by 4.7 % in rural areas. For a progressive state like

Gujarat having abundant natural resources, this is an alarming figure. It indicates lack of

implementation of national plans at the grass root level.

Source: NFHS

78

0.6 0.7

2.7

0.1 6.5

9.7

1.5 0.2

Fig 1.16: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 2

Wood

Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal

Crop residues

Dung cakes

Electricity

Kerosene

LPG

Biogas

Other

68.7 1.2

5.5

1.9 0.4

3.8

16.6

1.4 0.7 Fig 1.17: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 3

Wood

Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal

Crop residues

Dung cakes

Electricity

Kerosene

LPG

Biogas

Other



Page 38

Table 1.18: Percentage Usage of Fuel at Household level

Sr.

No.

Proportion of Households by

Type of Fuel Usage

NFHS 2

(1998-1999)

CENSUS 2001 NFHS 3

(2005-06) Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural

1. Wood 16.8 78 17.15 75.98 16 68.7

2. Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal 0.7 0.6 4.79 0.53 1.3 1.2

3. Crop residues 0.1 0.7 0.02 0.02 0.1 5.5

4. Dung cakes 2 2.7 4.67 14.35 0.7 1.9

Unprocessed Solid Fuel 19.6 82 26.63 90.88 18.1 77.3

5. Electricity 0.2 0.1 0.09 0.09 0.6 0.4

6. Kerosene 23 6.5 31.53 3.77 11.3 3.8

7. Liquid petroleum gas 57 9.7 40.03 3.38 68.3 16.6

8. Biogas 0.1 1.5 1.07 0.97 0.2 1.4

9. Other 0.2 0.2 0.65 0.91 1.4 0.7

Cleaner Fuel 80.5 18 73.37 9.12 81.8 22.9

Total Fuel 100 100 100 100 100 100 Source: NFHS and Census 2001

19.6

82

26.63

90.88

18.1

77.3 80.5

18

73.37

9.12

81.8

22.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1995-96 Urban

1995-96 Rural

2001 Urban

2001 Rural 2005-06 Urban

2005-06 Rural

Fue

l Usa

ge in

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Fig 1.18: Fuel Usage at Household level in Gujarat State

Unprocessed Solid Fuel

Cleaner Fuel

Section II- State

Section II – State


Page 39

SECTION II - STATE

An inventory of air pollutants is a necessary step towards control of air pollution. Central

Pollution Control Board is executing a nation-wide programme of ambient air quality

monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). In Gujarat there

are 19 NAMP stations. GPCB, on behalf of State government also monitors air quality at

another 25 stations under State Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme (SAMP). There

are another set of stations where air monitoring is done only once in a year. HC and CO are

also monitored at three stations in Vadodara - CETP Nandesari, RO GPCB and Dandiya Bazar.

Fig 2.1: Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Gujarat

Source: GPCB

Based on the annual mean concentration in microgram per cubic metre of ambient air

(μg/m3); levels of SO2, NO2, SPM have been described as Low (L), Moderate (M), High (H)

and Critical (C) for various regions such as Industrial (I), Residential and mixed use (R) areas

as per the classification shown in Tables 2.1.



Page 40

Table 2.1: Classification of Air Quality

Pollution Level Industrial (I) Residential (R )

SO2, NOx RSPM SPM SO2, NOx, RSPM SPM

Low (L) 0-40 0-60 0-180 0-30 0-70

Moderate (M) 40-80 60-120 180-360 30-60 70-140

High (H) 80-120 120-180 360-540 60-90 140-210

Critical (C ) >120 >180 >540 >90 >210

Source: CPCB (2005)

Note: Classification is based on the ambient air quality standards which were applicable

before 18th Nov 2009. The data presented for SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM for the period 2006 to

Dec 2010 uses this classification as the monitoring of new parameters was not initiated in

the State. All the monitoring stations are classified into residential or industrial depending

upon their characteristics.

2.1 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2 in Residential Areas

The trends for SO2 in Residential Areas in the last five years show that the values are well

within the permissible limits.

Table 2.2: Annual Averages- SO2 in Residential Areas

Sr. No. Sr.No. Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

1 Behrampura

referl Hospital Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 9.92 11.25 12.17 16.08 15.08

2 Cadila Laboratories

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 12.00 14.58 12.42 18.75 15.58

3 LD Engg College Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 9.17 8.83 12.17 13.33 11.92

4 Naroda,S.P.Ring Road

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.45 11.42 14.08 13.25

5 Nava vadaj Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.73 11.92 14.50 14.33

6 R.C Tech High School




Page 41

Sr. No. Sr.No. Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

7 Satelite Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.40 12.00 14.75 14.58

8 Durga Traders Ankleshwar Bharuch 21.33 18.00 15.17 17.33 14.92

9 Piramal Vill. Ankleshwar Bharuch NA 15.64 14.25 13.25 13.08

10 Fisheries Office Jamnagar Jamnagar 10.75 12.25 9.75 13.75 12.50

11 GPcb Office Jamnagar Jamnagar NA 10.55 9.92 13.17 11.83

12 Fire Brigade Station

Rajkot Rajkot NA 10.82 9.58 10.25 12.00

13 GPCB Office Rajkot Rajkot 10.58 11.67 9.67 10.33 12.00

14 Air India Building Surat Surat 22.92 19.33 17.67 17.50 15.75

15 Delhi GatePolice chowki

Surat Surat NA 13.45 14.25 14.75 15.08

16 SVR Engg College Surat Surat 20.75 15.25 13.50 15.25 13.17

17 Bapod Vadodara Vadodara NA 11.82 10.50 11.67 12.42

18 Chhani Vadodara Vadodara NA 16.64 12.17 14.08 14.33

19 Dandiya Bazzar Vadodara Vadodara 17.67 17.08 13.33 16.33 15.58

20 Gotri Vadodara Vadodara NA 14.09 11.25 12.33 12.92

21 GPCB Office Vadodara Vadodara 8.75 8.92 9.08 11.08 11.58

22 Nagar Palika Vapi Valsad 21.92 19.08 14.50 14.75 13.83



Page 42

2.2 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2 in Industrial Areas

The trends for SO2 in Industrial Areas in the last five years show that the values are well

within permissible limits. Only at one location in Surat, SO2 is relatively high but it is still


Table 2.3: Annual Averages- SO2 in Industrial Areas

Sr. No. Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

1 Mukesh Industries


2 Naroda GIDC Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 13.17 16.75 12.83 17.42 19.50

3 Shardaben Hospital


4 Vatva-Odhav, S.P.Ring Road


5 Alang-ship Breaking Yard

Alang Bhavnagar NA 11.64 9.92 9.17 9.50

6 Rallis India Ankleshwar Bharuch 25.50 26.33 22.00 21.25 18.50

7 Valia Road Ankleshwar Bharuch NA 14.45 13.33 14.42 15.50

8 Lunwa Bhachau Kutcch NA 11.00 11.08 15.33 12.75

9 Chitra GIDC Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 13.55 11.00 9.83 10.33

10 Sosiya Ship Breaking Yard

Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 10.64 9.08 9.00 9.08

11 Gandhidham - Kandla

Kandla Kutcch NA 9.45 9.33 11.33 10.58

12 Morbi GIDC Morbi Rajkot NA 12.82 10.25 11.83 12.58

13 Near Sardhara Corpn

Rajkot Rajkot 11.42 12.92 11.25 12.08 13.00

14 High Choice Processors

Surat Surat NA 46.55 52.58 74.67 72.33

15 Kadodara Surat Surat NA 15.45 16.25 15.83 15.75



Page 43


16 BRC Highschool Udhna Surat 25.33 24.25 20.83 23.33 20.25

17 GIDC Nandesari Vadodara Vadodara 25.42 23.42 19.00 21.17 22.75

18 GEB Vapi Valsad 25.17 25.75 18.58 16.67 16.00

19 GIDC Estate Vapi Valsad NA 22.91 21.67 20.25 15.92

20 Gpcb Office Vapi Valsad NA 15.82 13.83 14.25 13.92

21 Wankaner Gidc Wankaner Rajkot NA 10.73 9.50 10.17 12.75

2.3 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of NOx in Residential Areas

The trends for NOx in Residential Areas in the last five years show that the values are well


Table 2.4: Annual Averages- NOx in Residential Areas

Sr. No.

Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

1 Behrampura

referl Hospital Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 21.33 19.25 19.25 20.67 20.00

2 Cadila

Laboratories Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 24.75 25.92 20.42 23.33 20.83


4 Naroda,S.P.Ring

Road Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 14.64 17.75 19.17 17.83


6 R.C Tech High

School Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 22.08 19.17 19.75 19.58 20.00





Page 44

Sr. No.






Rajkot Rajkot NA 15.27 13.08 14.17 15.25


14 Air India Building

Surat Surat 30.00 28.42 24.83 26.00 24.08


Surat Surat NA 21.64 22.17 23.83 24.33

16 SVR Engg College

Surat Surat 27.58 23.17 21.25 23.25 21.25







2.4 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of NOx in Industrial Areas

The trends for NOx in Industrial Areas in the last five years show that the values are well

within permissible limits. Only at GIDC Nandesari, NOx is relatively high but it is still within

the permissible limits.



Page 45

Table 2.5: Annual Average - Nox in Industrial Areas

Sr. No.


1 Mukesh Industries


2 Naroda GIDC Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 26.83 30.50 21.17 21.92 26.00



4 Vatva - Odhav, S. P. Ring Road











Kandla Kutcch NA 24.73 25.33 23.17 22.08



Rajkot Rajkot 22.58 18.25 15.17 16.92 17.75


Surat Surat NA 23.55 26.83 25.25 22.08

15 Kadodara

Surat Surat NA 21.55 23.33 24.67 24.17

16 BRC Highschool

Udhna Surat 32.00 30.58 26.58 29.33 26.33

17 GIDC Nandesari

Vadodara Vadodara 38.92 41.92 43.42 44.92 42.33

18 GEB Vapi Valsad 35.17 32.42 24.50 24.08 23.17



Page 46

Sr. No.




21 Wankaner Gidc Wankaner Rajkot NA 15.18 12.75 14.17 17.33

2.5 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Residential Areas

SPM values at all monitoring stations in Residential areas are above the permissible limits.

Only two locations at Bapod and GPCB office in Vadodara show the values to be lower than

the permissible limits during the years 2008, 2009 and 2010.

Table 2.6: Annual Averages- SPM in Residential Areas

Sr. No.


1 Behrampura referl Hospital




3 LD Engg College


4 Naroda, S.P.Ring Road






8 Durga Traders

Ankleshwar Bharuch 167.58 172.92 154.42 158.33 147.42

9 Piramal Vill.

Ankleshwar Bharuch NA 175.09 152.00 159.42 161.58



Page 47

Sr. No.


10 Fisheries Office

Jamnagar Jamnagar 180.00 188.58 174.83 193.83 192.50



Rajkot Rajkot NA 148.55 163.67 164.08 150.50



Surat Surat 173.33 184.67 170.92 182.58 163.33


Surat Surat NA 169.82 154.17 160.92 172.67

16 SVR Engg College

Surat Surat 164.33 156.08 149.50 158.67 149.58



19 Dandiya Bazzar





2.6 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Industrial Areas

SPM values at all monitoring stations in industrial are within the permissible limits. Only

Mukesh Industries and GIDC Naroda in Ahmedabad show values higher than the permissible

limits. Mukesh Industries has shown consistently higher values since 2007.



Page 48

Table 2.7: Annual Averages- SPM in Industrial Areas

Sr. No.


1 Mukesh Industries


2 Naroda GIDC




4 Vatva-Odhav, S.P.Ring Road











Kandla Kutcch NA 176.55 165.33 141.92 126.42



Rajkot Rajkot 298.67 217.92 217.33 227.50 208.25


Surat Surat NA 241.09 270.67 256.00 243.50


16 BRC Udhna Surat 179.92 209.42 198.75 201.25 182.58



Page 49

Sr. No.


Highschool

17 GIDC Nandesari


18 GEB Vapi Valsad 171.42 161.58 168.25 163.08 176.92



21 Wankaner Gidc

Wankaner Rajkot NA 176.36 168.25 169.25 200.58

2.7 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Residential Areas

RSPM values at all monitoring stations in residential areas are above the permissible limits.

Fisheries office and GPCB office Jamnagar are consistently above critical level. Only two

locations at Bapod and GPCB office in Vadodara have shown values to be lower than

permissible limits.

Table 2.8: Annual Averages- RSPM in Residential Areas

Sr. No.


1 Behrampura referl Hospital





4 Naroda,S.P.Ring Road








Page 50

Sr. No.







Rajkot Rajkot NA 79.73 89.50 89.92 80.83



Surat Surat 123.75 92.58 86.17 91.08 75.00


Surat Surat NA 82.45 77.17 80.00 80.75

16 SVR Engg College

Surat Surat 118.08 79.67 75.08 79.17 69.17









Page 51

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

ug/

m3

Location

Fig 2.2: RSPM - Ahmedabad (Residential Areas)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Bapod Chhani Dandiya Bazzar

Gotri GPCB Office

ug/

m3

Location

Fig 2.3: RSPM - Vadodara (ResidentialAreas)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Page 52

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Air India Building Delhi GatePolice chowki SVR Engg College

μg/

Nm

3

Location

Fig 2.4: RSPM - Surat (Residential)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Fire Brigade Station GPCB Office

μg/

Nm

3

Location

Fig 2.5: RSPM - Rajkot (Residential Area)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Page 53

2.8 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Industrial Areas

RSPM values at all monitoring stations in industrial are within the permissible limits. Mukesh

Industries and GIDC Naroda in Ahmedabad show values to be higher than the permissible

limits. Lunva Bhachau and GIDC Nandesari also exhibit the same characteristics.

Table 2.9: Annual Average –RSPM in Industrial Areas

Sr. No.


1 Mukesh Industries

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 214.2

7 170.2

5 174.1

7 189.3

3

2 Naroda GIDC

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 143.92 150.42

133.67

128.92

160.42



4 Vatva-Odhav, S.P.Ring

Road


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Fisheries Office GPcb Office

μg/

Nm

3

Location

Fig 2.6: RSPM - Jamnagar (Residential Area)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Page 54

Sr. No.



Alang Bhavnagar NA 108.3

6 94.42 90.17 85.33

6 Rallis India Ankleshwar Bharuch 127.92 108.92

107.17

97.75 81.17


8 Lunwa Bhachau Kutcch NA 142.82

134.08

134.25

143.83

9 Chitra GIDC Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 142.55

119.25

105.17

109.58




Kandla Kutcch NA 94.64 89.83 76.17 66.75

12 Morbi GIDC Morbi Rajkot NA 102.27

109.08

126.17

103.67


Rajkot Rajkot 178.58 121.5

0 119.0

8 122.9

2 117.0

0


Surat Surat NA 121.0

0 137.2

5 126.5

8 113.9

2


16 BRC Highschool

Udhna Surat 129.42 104.5

0 100.3

3 100.3

3 83.75

17 GIDC Nandesari

Vadodara Vadodara 173.58 152.0

0 120.0

8 124.4

2 134.1

7

18 GEB Vapi Valsad 121.00 81.08 83.08 90.67 86.33

19 GIDC Estate

Vapi Valsad NA 85.45 80.83 87.83 95.42

20 Gpcb Office

Vapi Valsad NA 64.64 74.17 79.25 81.67

21 Wankaner Gidc

Wankaner Rajkot NA 95.45 93.08 92.25 108.6

7



Page 55

Note: In addition to above stations, GPCB also monitors the air quality at certain locations

only once in a year. The details of these stations and observed ambient air quality values for

various parameters are provided in Annexure II.

2.9 Trends in PM2.5 in Ahmedabad

Ambient air quality standards with respect to PM2.5 have been notified since 18th Nov 2009.

GPCB initiated monitoring of this parameter in Ahmedabad since June 2011. The monthly

averages for these stations are provided in following Table 2.10.

Table 2.10: PM 2.5 for Ahmedabad

Location

Jun

-11

Jul-

12

Au

g-1

2

Sep

-12

Oct

-12

No

v-1

2

De

c-1

1

Jan

-12

Feb

-12

Mar

-12

Stan

dar

d

GIDC Naroda (Above Police Chowki)

35.25 34.25 30.3 27 34.28 34 43 45.4 56.12 75.5 40

Cadila Laboratory, Narol

60.88 60.88 40.5 45.88 30.3 41 41 46.3 37.25 50.38 40

0.00

60.00

120.00

180.00

240.00 u

g/m

3

Location

Fig 2.7: RSPM levels at Important Industrial Locations

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010



Page 56

Location

Jun

-11

Jul-

12

Au

g-1

2

Sep

-12

Oct

-12

No

v-1

2

De

c-1

1

Jan

-12

Feb

-12

Mar

-12

Stan

dar

d

L D Engineering College, Navrangpur

11.25 9.63 7.6 9.13 12.9 23 29 30.6 27.75 41.63 40

Shardaben Hospital, Saraspur

18.88 21.88 17.5 16.63 20.8 26 40 37.3 34.75 51.37 40

R C Technical School, Mirzapur

18.2 17.63 13.6 12.38 23.9 24 37 38.6 32.25 41.72 40

Behrampura Referral Hospital

20.5 20.5 16.7 13.88 21.1 23 37 29.4 36.75 43.62 40

Mukesh Ind Narol

68.63 63 55.3 50.38 40.2 53 58 45.5 59.25 71.4 40

S P Ring Road Naroda, Nr HP Petrol Pump

35.25 34.25 28.7 24.88 20.5 30 40 36.9 44.63 42.63 40

Satellite Area, Chinmay Seva Trust

24 21.25 17 15 20.3 27 40 37.7 42 39.5 40

Vatva Odhav Ring Rd, Rel Petrol Pump

31.13 30.13 26.1 20.88 20.2 28 40 37.7 49 49.75 40

Nehru Bridge 77.38 68.15 59.6 54.13 44 55 52 48 50.25 57.63 40

Source: GPCB; All values in µg/Nm3

The trends for a few residential and industrial areas in Ahmedabad are graphically shown

below. The values are compared with annual standards though we don’t have annual

average for this parameter as the monitoring was started recently. PM2.5 is higher in winter

months and lower in monsoon months. The calmer conditions in winter facilitate more

stability to atmosphere and consequently reduce dispersion of pollutants generated and

help in build up of pollutants in proximity of pollutant sources. Lower average mixing height

in winter season results in less volume of troposphere available for mixing and results in

higher SPM concentrations.



Page 57

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Jun-11 Jul-11 Aug-11 Sep-11 Oct-11 Nov-11 Dec-11 Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12

PM

2.5

Val

ue

s in

µg/

Nm

3

Month

Fig 2.8: GIDC Naroda(Above Police Chowki) - Industrial Area

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90


PM

2.5

Val

ue

s in

µg/

Nm

3

Month

Fig 2.9: Nehru Bridge - Traffic Junction



Page 58

2.10 Monitoring of VOCs

VOCs are organic compounds with boiling points between 500C to 2600C and vapour

pressure equal to or more than 0.01 kPa at 250C. The term encompasses a very large and

diverse group of carbon containing compounds including aliphatic, aromatic and

halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, esters, acids, alcohols, ketones and others. The

sources of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are numerous and broadly they can be

divided into:

1. Natural (forests, termites, wetlands and tundras)

2. Anthropogenic (industrial namely manufacturing of paints, varnishes, solvents, chemical,

fertilizers and petroleum refining and processing, fossil fuel combustion in

transportation and electricity generation, landfills and waste treatment plants, and

household products)

Monitoring of VOCs has been initiated by GPCB for 25 industrial clusters in Gujarat. List of

these clusters is shown in following table and location map is shown in Fig 2.11.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45


PM

2.5

Val

ves

in µ

g/N

m3

Month

Fig2.10: Satellite Area, Chinmay Seva Trust - Residential Area



Page 59

Table 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat

Sr. No. Name of Cluster Sampling Location

1 GIDC, Vapi, Valsad Club – 3 Building

2 GIDC, Sarigam, Valsad Meckloyed Pharma, Road No.: 25, GIDC Sarigam

3 Hazira Area, Surat Ichachhapore Village

4 GIDC, Sachin, Surat Hi – Choice Processors Pvt. Ltd.

5 GIDC, Pandesara, Surat Pandesara GIDC Office

6 GIDC, Ankleshwar, Bharuch Rallis (India) Ltd., Ankleshwar

7 Jagadia Industrial Estate, Bharuch

DCM Shreeram Pharma

8 Dahej area, Bharuch Gujarat Alkali Chemical Ltd.

9 GIDC, Panoli, Bharuch Hikal Ltd., Plot No. 629-630

10 ECP Office, NR. IPCL, Vadodara ECPL Pump House, Chiku Wadi, Baroda

11 Nandesari, Vadodara Nandesari Common Effluent Treatment Plant

12 Savli, Vadodara Lubrizol Advanced Materials India Pvt. Ltd.

13 Ekalbara, Vadodara Above Mahuvad Fire Station, Near Transpec Company

14 GIDC, Odhav, Ahmedabad Odhav Industrial Association, L-203, GIDC Estate

15 GIDC, Naroda, Ahmedabad Udhyog Nagar Police Chowki, Naroda GIDC

16 GIDC, Vatva, Ahmedabad Vatva Industrial Association, GIDC Estate.

17 Changodar – Bavala (Kerala GIDC), Ahmedabad

Gmbell Healthcare (India) Pvt. Ltd.

18 GIDC, Chhatral, Kalol Sairam Industries, Chhatral GIDC, Gandhinagar

19 Sanand Area Loxim Industries Limited, Iyava Village, Sanand

20 Aji Vasahat / Morbi – Wankaner Near Aji Vasahat, GIDC Rajkot

21 Moti Khavadi, Jamnagar Hirabhai Solanki’s Terrace, Near Water Tank

22 GIDC, Chitra, Bhavnagar Plot No. 279

23 Mundra, Kutch Amrut Chamber, Baroi Road, Mundra.

24 Anjar, Kutch Gangotri, Plot No. 3, Anjar.

25 Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Kutch

Lunva Bhachau, Kutch

Source: GEMI, Gandhinagar



Page 60

Fig 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat

Source: GPCB

Monitoring is carried out fortnightly for these 25 clusters. Standard for annual average for

VOCs is 5 ug/m3. Details for compounds within VOC for each station can be referred to in

Annexure III. The following graphs shows the level of benzene in certain clusters where they

have been found to be consistently higher. Please note that the values are not annual

averages as VOC monitoring is a recent initiative by GPCB and annual averages were not

available whereas standard is for annual average.

Another interesting observation is that concentration of Benzo-a-pyrene is less than 0.5

ng/m3 in all clusters whereas standard for this is 01 ng/m3. Trends for benzene at select

clusters are depicted in Fig 2.12 to Fig 2.17.



Page 61

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

May A May B June A June B July A JulyB

Fig 2.12: Benzene Concentration -Pandesara

0

5

10

15

20


Fig 2.13: Benzene Concentration - Ankleshwar

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9


Fig 2.14: Benzene Concentration - Dahej



Page 62

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14


Fig 2.15: Benzene Concentration - Panoli

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


Fig 2.16: Benzene Concentration - Naroda

0

2

4

6

8

10


Fig 2.17: Benzene Concentration - Vatva



Page 63

2.11 Noise Monitoring

Noise is known to cause psychological stress in both human beings and animals. The source

of noise could be domestic, industrial or vehicles. The permissible noise levels vary for

different landuses. (Table 2.12)

Table 2.12: Noise Standards

Sr. No.

Category Of Area Limits In dB

Day Time

6 am–10 pm

Night Time

10 pm – 6 am

1. Industrial Area 75 70

2. Commercial Area 65 55

3. Residential Area 55 45

4. Silence Zone i.e. Hospital, Educational Institutes Etc. 50 40

Note:

Day time is reckoned between 6 am to 10 pm. Night time is reckoned between 10

pm to 6 am.

Silence zone is defined as areas up to 100 m around premises such as hospitals,

educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by the

competent authority.

Note: The noise levels are not monitored by GPCB on regular basis. This exercise is carried out

only during Navratri and Diwali festivals. The number of noise monitoring done by each RO

during these festivals is presented in following table. For getting the values, one can refer to

the GPCB Annual Reports for these years.



Page 64

Table 2.13: Noise Monitoring During The Navratri Festival

Regional Office Number of Monitoring Station Year wise

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-2011

Ahmedabad - 49 - 35

Bharuch 4 21 - -

Bhavnagar - 4 - -

Jamnagar 2 16 - -

Mehasana - 13 - -

Rajkot 1 9 3 22

Surat 5 42 - 23

Vadodara - 40 5 -

Vapi - 10 - -

Godhara - 49 - -

Bhuj

Junagarh 2 - - -

Nadiad - 5 - -

Gandhinagar - - - 20

Anand - 5 - -

Source: GPCB Annual Reports



Page 65

Table 2.14: Noise Monitoring During Diwali Festival

Regional Office Number of Monitoring Station Year wise

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Ahmedabad 1 14 3 16

Bharuch 3 2 3 -

Bhavnagar 2 12 1 -

Jamnagar 2 16 2 -

Mehasana 2 2 1 -

Rajkot 1 4 1 8

Surat 4 3 4 3

Vadodara 11 6 11 -

Vapi 2 2 2 -

Godhara 1 25 - -

Bhuj - - 1 -

Junagarh 1 - 1 -

Nadiad - - 1 -

Gandhinagar - - - 13


The ambient noise levels in Gujarat during the monitoring period at all time are above

specified ambient noise standards. The fire cracker bursting and traffic are two important

contributors of ambient noise. Residential areas are affected significantly by higher noise

levels. The emission of smoke arising out of bursting of fire crackers add to increased levels

of air pollution, particularly in terms of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), SPM and Respiratory

Suspended Particulate Matter.



Page 66

2.12 Odour Monitoring

Most commonly reported odour-producing compounds are hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg

odour) and ammonia (sharp pungent odour). Carbon disulfide, mercaptans, product of

decomposition of proteins (especially of animal origin) phenols and some petroleum

hydrocarbons are other common odorants. Most offensive odour is created by the

anaerobic decay of wet organic matter such as flesh, manure etc. For example, odour

originating from livestock manure is a result of a broad range of over 168 odour producing

compounds. Warm temperature enhances anaerobic decay and foul odour production.

Odour can arise from many sources and most of the sources are man-made. Garbage

dumping on vacant land is a common phenomenon. It leads to foul smell due to putrefaction

of dumped garbage, which lies uncollected for days together. Unscientific design of landfill &

improper sewage treatment practices produce unpleasant odour. Industries such as Pulp &

Paper, Fertilizer, Pesticides, Tanneries, Sugar & Distillery, Chemical, Dye & Dye

Intermediates, Bulk Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, Large Livestock operations, Poultry Farms,

Slaughter Houses, Food and Meat processing industries and Bone Mills are among major

contributors to odour pollution. Agricultural activities like decaying of vegetation,

production and application of compost etc. also contribute to odour pollution. In urban

areas, improper handling of public amenities like toilets of cinema hall, bus / railway

stations, hospitals, shopping complex etc. generate pungent odour, which affects the users

as well as neighbourhood residents. Congested markets do not allow the escape of odour

from markets, thus causing problems to shop-owners and customers. Vehicular sector also

has its share in odour pollution. Rapidly growing vehicular population as well as pollutants

emitted by them generate harmful and pungent odour.

Measurement of Odour Pollution

Of the five senses, the sense of smell is the most complex and unique in structure and

organization. Sense of smell is accomplished with two main nerves. The olfactometry nerve

(first cranial nerve) processes the perception of chemicals. The trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial

nerve) processes the irritation or pungency (sensation) of chemicals. All olfactory signals

meet in the olfactory bulb where the information is distributed to two different parts of the

brain. One major pathway of information is to the limbic system which processes emotion

and memory response of the body. The second major information pathway is to the frontal

cortex. This is where conscious sensations take place, as the information is processed with

other sensations and is compared with accumulated life experiences for the individual to

possibly recognize the odour and make some decisions about the experiences. The entire

trip, from nostril to signal in the brain, takes as little as 500 milliseconds.

In India, Schedule II and Schedule VI (General standards for discharge of effluents) under

Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986 prescribe that all efforts shall be made to remove

unpleasant odour as far as practicable. Nonetheless, there are only two industries, wherein

industry specific standards under Schedule I of these Rules have made odour removal

compulsory. These are the fermentation industries and the natural rubber industries. The

standards for many other major odour pollution causing industries such as pulp and paper



Page 67

mills, tanneries, meat processing industries, bulk drug and pharmaceutical units, food and

fruit processing units, dairies and milk plants etc. do not specify odour control.

However, several countries such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Japan,

New Zealand, The Netherlands, United Kindom, United States have developed and adopted

Legislations for measurement of odour. The EN 13725 was released in year 2003 and now EN

13725 unifies the odour sampling and testing standards of 18 countries (Austria, Belgium,

Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,

Netherlands,Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom). Also

EN 13725 follows ISO 9000 quality assurance and scientific testing protocols. The new

European standard EN 13725 has been adopted by Australia and New Zealand as AS / NZS

4323:3:2001 (AS, 2001).

2.13 Hot Spots

Major contributors to air pollution are Population, industries and Vehicles. Table 2.15 shows

that districts of Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot alone form 35% population and

54% of vehicles in the state in 2011. Percentage of the population from these districts has

almost remained the same over the last decade (34.77% in 2001) but percentage

contribution of vehicles has reduced (55.87% in 2001). Districts of Tapi, Porbandar, Narmada

and The Dangs contribute least to the population as well as vehicles in Gujarat.

Table 2.15: District wise Contribution to Population and Vehicles of Gujarat

Sr. No.

District Population 2011

% To Total Population

Vehicles % To Total Vehicles

1 Ahmedabad 7208200 11.94 2600572 20.01

2 Surat 6079231 10.07 1920615 14.78

3 Vadodara 4157568 6.89 1299837 10.00

4 Rajkot 3799770 6.29 1155882 8.90

5 Banaskantha 3116045 5.16 218186 1.68

6 Bhavnagar 2877961 4.77 464264 3.57

7 Junagadh 2742291 4.54 407340 3.14

8 Sabarkantha 2427346 4.02 378141 2.91

9 Panchmahal 2388267 3.96 215104 1.66



Page 68

Sr. No.

District Population 2011

% To Total Population

Vehicles % To Total Vehicles

10 Kheda 2298934 3.81 590938 4.55

11 Jamnagar 2159130 3.58 446237 3.43

12 Dahod 2126558 3.52 123165 0.95

13 Kachchh 2090313 3.46 511561 3.94

14 Anand 2090276 3.46 199515 1.54

15 Mehsana 2027727 3.36 457326 3.52

16 Surendranagar 1755873 2.91 216735 1.67

17 Valsad 1703068 2.82 543301 4.18

18 Bharuch 1550822 2.57 388424 2.99

19 Amreli 1513614 2.51 151212 1.16

20 Gandhinagar 1387478 2.30 336748 2.59

21 Patan 1342746 2.22 84644 0.65

22 Navsari 1330711 2.20 187240 1.44

23 Tapi 806489 1.34 7157 0.06

24 Narmada 590379 0.98 25619 0.20

25 Porbandar 586062 0.97 63372 0.49

26 The Dang 226769 0.38 NA NA

Gujarat 60383628 100.00 12993135 100.00

Source: Census 2011 and Transport Department

Classifying the districts of Gujarat in terms of their population, industries and vehicle

fleet has been done in Table 2.16.



Page 69

Table 2.16: Ranking of Districts

Sr. No.

Dis

tric

t

Po

pu

lati

on

Po

pu

lati

on

Ran

k

Air

Po

lluti

ng

Ind

ust

ries

Air

Po

lluti

ng

Ind

ust

ries

Ran

k

Ve

hic

le P

op

ula

tio

n

Ve

hic

le P

op

ula

tio

n

Ran

k

Po

pu

lati

on

Den

sity

Po

pu

lati

on

Den

sity

Ran

k

De

cad

al G

row

th

De

cad

al G

row

th R

ank

Urb

an P

op

ula

tio

n %

Urb

an P

op

ula

tio

n

Ran

k

Ru

ral P

op

ula

tio

n %

Ru

ral P

op

ula

tio

n R

ank

1

Ah

med

abad

72

08

20

0

1

20

41

2

26

00

57

2

1

89

0

2

22

.31

5

84

.05

1

15

.95

26

2

Sura

t

60

79

23

1

2

12

02

6

19

20

61

5

2

13

76

1

42

.19

1

79

.68

2

20

.32

25

3

Vad

od

ara

41

57

56

8

3

12

40

5

12

99

83

7

3

55

1

8

14

.16

14

49

.54

4

50

.46

23

4

Raj

kot

37

99

77

0

4

20

48

1

11

55

88

2

4

33

9

12

19

.87

8

58

.12

3

41

.88

24

5

Ban

aska

nth

a

31

16

04

5

5

25

9

20

21

81

86

15

29

0

15

24

.43

4

13

.27

22

86

.73

5

6

Bh

avn

agar

28

77

96

1

6

70

5

9

46

42

64

8

28

8

16

16

.53

11

41

.01

8

58

.99

19

7

Jun

agad

h

27

42

29

1

7

48

9

13

40

73

40

11

31

0

14

12

.01

22

33

.05

12

66

.95

15

8

Sab

arka

nth

a

24

27

34

6

8

37

9

15

37

81

41

13

32

8

13

16

.56

10

14

.96

20

85

.04

7



Page 70

9

Pan

chm

ahal

23

88

26

7

9

46

8

14

21

51

04

17

45

8

11

17

.92

9

14

21

86

6

10

Kh

eda

22

98

93

4

10

34

2

17

59

09

38

5

54

1

9

12

.81

18

22

.76

18

77

.24

9

11

Jam

nag

ar

21

59

13

0

11

55

7

11

44

62

37

10

15

3

24

13

.38

16

44

.96

6

55

.04

21

12

Dah

od

21

26

55

8

12

in s

.9

12

31

65

21

58

2

6

29

.95

3

8.9

9

26

91

.01

1

13

Kac

hch

h

20

90

31

3

13

76

2

8

51

15

61

7

46

26

32

.03

2

34

.72

10

65

.28

17

14

An

and

20

90

27

6

14

34

1

18

19

95

15

18

71

1

3

12

.57

19

30

.32

14

69

.68

13

15

Meh

san

a

20

27

72

7

15

57

7

10

45

73

26

9

46

2

10

9.9

1

23

25

.35

17

74

.65

10

16

Sure

nd

ran

agar

17

55

87

3

16

49

3

12

21

67

35

16

16

7

23

15

.89

12

28

.3

15

71

.7

12

17

Val

sad

17

03

06

8

17

13

53

4

54

33

01

6

56

1

7

20

.74

7

37

.23

9

62

.77

18

18

Bh

aru

ch

15

50

82

2

18

11

79

7

38

84

24

12

23

8

19

13

.14

17

34

.07

11

65

.93

16

19

Am

reli

15

13

61

4

19

in s

. 6

15

12

12

20

20

5

22

8.5

9

25

25

.49

16

74

.51

11



Page 71

20

Gan

dh

inag

ar

13

87

47

8

20

14

05

3

33

67

48

14

66

0

4

12

.15

20

43

.21

7

56

.79

20

21

Pat

an

13

42

74

6

21

in s

. 5

84

64

4

22

23

4

20

13

.53

15

20

.93

19

79

.07

8

22

Nav

sari

13

30

71

1

22

35

7

16

18

72

40

19

60

2

5

8.2

4

26

30

.74

13

69

.26

14

23

Tap

i

80

64

89

23

ins.

22

71

57

25

24

9

18

12

.07

21

9.7

9

25

90

.21

2

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*Note: Gandinagar includes Gandhinagar district with Ahmedabad Rural districts,

Banaskantha includes Patan district, Panchmahal includes Dahod District, Navsari includes

Tapi District, Valsad includes The Dangs district, Bhavnagar includes Amreli district. Jetpur

RO is falls under Rajkot district and Ankleshwar under Bharuch district.



Page 72

Rate of urbanisation and industrialization leading to growth of vehicles make cities

Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot the hot spots for air pollution. The density of

population and vehicles is also highest in these urban centres. Surat leads followed by

Ahmedabad, Anand and Gandhinagar districts respectively for density of population. The

districts have grown differently in last decade with highest growth in Surat followed by

Kachchh, Dahod, Banaskantha and Ahmedabad. The Dangs district which has 89 % rural

population follows Ahmedabad with 84% urban population in decadal growth. According to

the pressure due to air polluting industries, Rajkot has maximum API followed by

Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Valsad, Vadodara and Surat.

If we look into the industrial clusters, the values of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM do not cross

the critical levels in general. However, if we consider benzene, then industrial areas of

Naroda, Vatva, Pandesara, Ankleshwar, Panoli and Dahej exhibit continuously higher values.

Section III - Impact

Section III – Impact


Page 73

SECTION III - IMPACT

The United Nations Environment Programme has estimated that globally 1.1 billion

people breathe unhealthy air (UNEP, 2002). Epidemiological studies have shown that

concentrations of ambient air particles are associated with a wide range of effects on

human health, especially on the cardio-respiratory system. Beyond its human health

impacts, air pollution is also detrimental to ecosystems. Through direct exposure and

accumulation, reactive compounds negatively impact plant growth and are primary

contributors to acid rain, which can diminish fish stocks, decrease biological diversity in

sensitive ecosystems, degrade forests and soils, and diminish agricultural productivity. Air

pollution is also known to have damaging effect on non living materials in the form of

corrosion of metal, soiling and eroding of building surfaces etc. People with low immune

systems, those suffering from other diseases, children, the aged, and people with lung

diseases are the people who suffer more. There is no dependable database to track these

disease and death rates so it is difficult to produce scientific evidence.

3.1 Economic Impacts

Improvement of air quality is associated with reduction in the number of premature

deaths, episodes of acute illness such as asthma attacks and the number of chronic

respiratory illness cases. Economic value of an illness episode is quantified as:

The value of work time lost due to the illness by the patient or the caregiver, or

both

The medical cost of treatment

The amount paid to avoid the pain and suffering associated with the illness, and

The value of leisure time lost due to the illness by the patient or caregiver.

Not many studies have been conducted to estimate the economic loss due to

effect of air pollution on materials. Depreciation in property value occurs near

odour causing operations/ industries and odorous environment.

3.2 Health Impacts

Several epidemiological studies have established a direct relationship between the

pollutants and health hazards ranging from morbidity (illness) to mortality (death from

illness).The health impacts of various air pollutants are summarized in Table 3.1.



Page 74

Table: 3.1: Air Pollutants & their Health Impacts

Air Pollutants Respiratory diseases

Particulates Acute respiratory infections, asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin diseases, chronic conjunctivitis

SO2 Irritates respiratory system, causes bronchitis

NOx Burning of eyes, nose etc, severe irritation of respiratory system, influenza

CO Deprive body cell of oxygen, causes unconsciousness

HC Affects central nervous system

O3 Eye irritation, pulmonary congestion, edema, hemorrhage

Chlorine Severe lung irritation, irritates the eye

H2S Respiratory paralysis, causes immediate unconsciousness

Ammonia Skin and respiratory tract irritation

Asbestos Lung cancer

Lead Brain damage, muscular paralysis, convulsions

PAHs Lung cancer

VOCs Cancer, affects central nervous system, respiratory track irritation

3.2.1 Health Impacts due to Indoor Air Pollution

A number of studies have been carried out to address the health effects of use of various

fuels. Exposure to combustion products from solid fuels has been considered an

important cause of several diseases, including acute respiratory infections, chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer of the lung, nasopharynx, and larynx. Biomass

and coal smoke contain a large number of pollutants, including particulate matter,

carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur oxides, formaldehyde, polycyclic organic

compounds, and metals, such as arsenic. Smoky coal has been found to be more

carcinogenic than cleaner coal and wood smoke when tested on mouse skin. There is

growing evidence that exposure to indoor smoke can cause serious respiratory and other

adverse health effects which may include Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in children

and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis in women.

Studies show risks for acute respiratory infections (ARI), COPD, and lung cancer.

Tuberculosis (TB), asthma, and blindness may also be caused due the long exposures.



Page 75

Box 3.1: WHO Study on Indoor Air Pollution

3.2.2 Health Impacts due to Mining

The generation of fugitive dust during mining activities is a serious concern. It not only

causes direct impact on the health of the workers and community, but also affects the

land productivity and general well being of a region. The incidence of respiratory and

ophthalmic illness is far more acute in mining workers, whose workplaces are choked

with dust. In addition to pneumoconiosis and bronchitis, coal miners also experiences

various other diseases such as black lung diseases like sever dyspnea (shortness of

breath) and air ways obstruction. Tuberculosis, blood dysentery and seasonal fevers are

quite common. The common ailments associated with mining sector include

Respiratory diseases: Pneumoconiosis including silicosis and asbestosis

bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis

Eye ailments: cataract, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, glaucoma and squint

trachoma

3.2.3 Health Impacts due to Noise Pollution

Often neglected, noise induces a severe impact on humans and on living organisms.

Some of the adverse effects are summarised below.

Annoyance It creates annoyance to the receptors due to sound level fluctuations.

Physiological effects The physiological features like breathing amplitude, blood pressure,

heart-beat rate, pulse rate, blood cholesterol are effected.

Loss of hearing Long exposure to high sound levels cause loss of hearing. This is mostly

unnoticed, but has an adverse impact on hearing function.

Human performance The working performance of workers/human will be affected as they'll

be losing their concentration.

Nervous system It causes pain, ringing in the ears, feeling of tiredness, thereby

affecting the functioning of human system.

Sleeplessness It affects the sleeping thereby inducing the people to become restless

and suffer from lose of concentration.

According to World Health Organization, Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuels ranks

1st and Pollution from other sources ranks 6th in the top 10 risk factors for diseases in

2010 in Asia (mainly India). Indoor Air Pollution was claiming 5,00,000 lives in India every

year, most of whom were women and children. India accounted for 80% of the 6,00,000

premature deaths that occur in south east Asia annually due to exposure to Indoor Air

Pollution. Nearly 70% of rural households don’t even have ventilation. WHO has

estimated that pollution levels in rural Indian kitchens are 30 times higher than

recommended levels and 6 times higher than air pollution level.



Page 76

3.2.4 Health Impacts due to Heat Islands

Hot weather places additional stress on the body, raising health risks for the vulnerable

and increasing discomfort for everyone. During extreme weather events such as heat

waves, the urban heat island has the potential to prevent the city from cooling down,

maintaining night time temperatures at a level that affects human health and comfort.

The consequences for the health can be severe with increased chances of heat stroke,

physiological disruption, organ damage, and even death.

3.2.5 Health Impacts due to Odour

Odour affects human beings in a number of ways. Strong, unpleasant or offensive smells

can interfere with a person’s enjoyment of life especially if they are frequent and / or

persistent. Though foul odour may not cause direct damage to health, toxic stimulants of

odour may cause ill health or respiratory symptoms. Secondary effects may be nausea,

insomnia and discomfort. Very strong odour can result in nasal irritation, trigger

symptoms in individuals with breathing problems or asthma.

3.3 Other Impacts

Mining also has impact on climate change due to release of methane gas from the

coal seams. On an average, Indian open cast coal mine release 1 m3 of methane per

ton of coal, whereas in underground mine, methane release varies from 1 to 23

m3/ton of coal produced.

The buildings and materials may get damaged by exposure to infrasonic / ultrasonic

waves and even get collapsed.

Evapo-transpiration rates will also be enhanced by high urban temperatures and

plants & trees will potentially extract water from the soil at greater rates than

normal.

Plant growth is inhibited due to reduction in photosynthesis as the layers of

particulates deposit on the leaves.



Page 77

3.4. Some Impact Studies Carried Out In Recent Past

3.4.1 National Environmental Health Profile and Comparative Health Risk

Assessment of Ahmedabad, sponsored by WHO through Ministry of

Environment & Forests. Conducted by NIOH 2004-05

The study has enumerated the reasons for air pollution in Ahmedabad as listed out in

Table 3.2. The air pollutants have then been linked to major diseases as listed in Table

3.3.

Table 3.2: Reasons for Air pollution

Vehicles Industrial Miscellaneous

Adulterated fuel

Poor maintenance

Road borne dust

Thermal Power Plants

Textile Process House

Dyes, Dyes intermediates

and chemical industry

Dairy, Flour mills, bakeries,

gram and ground nut

roasting units

Foundries, crushing and

grinding units

Brick kilns and incinerators

Coal yards and ash yards/

ponds

Open burning of leaves, waste,

etc

Road side dust

Construction activities

Soil type

Desertification

Meteorological conditions

Cyclones/storms

Domestic chulas

Firing of crackers during

festivals and marriage

ceremonies

Table 3.3: Diseases Identified Due to Air Pollution

S. No. Disease S.No. Disease

1. Diphtheria 6. Congenital defects

2. Pneumonia 7. AGA

3. Measles 8. Cancer

4. TB 9. Cardiac Respiratory arrests

5. Acute Myocardial infraction 10. Asthma



Page 78

3.4.2 Survey of Traffic Policemen conducted by Traffic Department in January 2012

The survey was conducted to find pulmonary problems like Chronic Obstructive

Pulmonary Diseases (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and cystic fibrosis in traffic

policemen.

Lung Function tests conducted on the traffic police men confirmed that 45 % of the

policemen tested were suffering from breathing and other respiratory problems. Some of

them have been found to have definite abnormalities.

3.4.3 Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Ahmedabad

A medical study was conducted by National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH) in

2003 in three different areas of Ahmedabad, viz. Residential area (L.D.Engg. College),

Commercial area (Nehru Bridge), Industrial area (Naroda). Distribution of percentage

morbidity is as follows:

(Total families covered: 679 – Residential: 200, Commercial: 242, Industrial: 237)

Morbidity Industrial area Commercial area Residential area

No. % No. % No. % Chronic Cough 37 3.7 16 1.6 15 2.0

Breathlessness while walking

53 5.5 50 4.6 27 3.3

Wheezing 36 3.7 9 0.8 19 2.3

Hemoptysis 6 0.6 4 0.4 4 0.5

Asthma 23 2.4 8 0.7 14 0.5

T. B. 6 0.6 5 0.5 2 0.2

Nausea 56 5.8 11 1.0 11 1.4

Eye Irritation 234 24.3 32 3.5 49 6.7

Cataract 32 3.5 64 5.9 17 2.1

Observations of NIOH

The study showed that symptoms like cough, breathlessness while walking,

haemoptysis have been more in industrial area. Asthma, Tuberculosis and chronic

bronchitis were also higher in industrial area. Wheezing has been significantly

higher in industrial area.

The medical data from the different hospitals from Ahmedabad were also collected;

however correct database regarding disease pattern due to air pollution was not

available. Amongst air borne disease pattern, maximum cases of T.B. were reported

in 1997 to 2003. While cases of Pneumonia, Diphtheria and Measles were

comparatively less reported. High RSPM levels probably enhance chest disease

pattern.



Page 79

3.4.4 Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution

The following table presents the number of reported cases of diseases in Gujarat which

can be linked to air pollution. Though we do not have any study which directly links these

cases to air pollution; this is an indicative pattern. The numbers of cases reported for

Cardio Vascular Diseases, Cancer and Pulmonary Pneumonia have substantially increased

in the last five years. Though the number of cases reported in whooping cough is very

nominal the trend of increased patients in last five years is observed. Numbers of cases

reported in lung diseases have also doubled.

Table 3.4: Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution in Gujarat

S. No.

Disease 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

1. No. of Sputum examined under National Tuberculosis Control Programme

348473 357333 388774 409815 438613 2. Cardio Vascular

Diseases - 23098 55449 63465 68980

3. Lungs disease - 55896 81303 82107 96373

4. Cancer - 488 228 11459* 32034

5. Whooping Cough 25 0 5 84 -

6. Acute respiratory infection Including Influenza and excluding Pneumonia

609501 557035 571034 604468 -

7. Pneumonia 5883 8092 6265 4573 -

8. Pulmonary Tuberculosis

30988 20759 33778 394119 -

Source: Health Report 2010-2011 *including Cancer Hospital Ahmedabad

Box 3.2: Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health (adults) in Delhi

In order to determine health effects of air pollution, CPCB initiated an Epidemiological Study

in Delhi with the help of Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata. The study was

carried out during November 2002 and August 2005 in various parts of Delhi and in different

seasons and the report was published in 2008. The study findings had shown that 33.2%

residents of Delhi had one or more respiratory symptoms as compared to 19.6% of control

subjects. Lung function was reduced in 40.3% individuals of Delhi compared with 20.1% in

control group. Lung function reduction was more prevalent in women than in men both in

rural and urban settings. People from lower SES had greater prevalence of lung function

deficits. Besides gender, smoking habit, Body mass index and Socio economic status,

particulate air pollution was positively associated with lung function deficits. hronic

obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was detected in 3.9% residents of Delhi against 0.8%

of controls.

Section IV - Response



Page 80

SECTION IV - RESPONSE

Efforts have been made by various stakeholders to abate air pollution from different sources. These efforts are being made by national & state agencies and individuals to adopt strategies that can reduce the impacts due to air pollution. Government of India had enacted the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 to arrest the deterioration in the air quality. The efforts by various stakeholders can be categorized into three main categories:

1. At National Level

2. At State Level

3. At Individual Level

A set of initiatives have been taken under all the three categories. These are discussed in

detail in the following paragraphs.

4.1 At National Level

The Central Government enjoys the powers to make Acts, Rules, Regulations, Norms and

Standards for the purpose of protecting the environment. The State Government agencies

are mainly enforcing agencies. The State agencies normally adopt these standards or make

them stringent where they would like to prevent the air pollution and improve upon the air

quality.

4.1.1 Ambient Air Quality Norms

Standards are a pre-requisite for effective management of ambient air quality. The

objectives of air quality standards are:

• To indicate the levels of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to

protect the public health, vegetation and property

• To assist in establishing priorities for abatement and control of pollutant level

• To provide uniform yardstick for assessing air quality at national level

• To indicate the need and extent of monitoring programme

The Central Pollution Control Board introduced Ambient Air Quality Standards on November

11, 1982 as per section 16 (2) (h) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.

The air quality standards have been revised by the Central Pollution Control Board on April

11, 1994. These have been further made stringent by notification dated 18th Nov 2009.

These standards are presented in following tables.



Page 81

Table 4.1: Pre Revised Ambient Air Quality Norms

Pollutant Concentration (μg/Nm3)

Annual Average 24 Hourly average

Industrial Area

Residential Area

Sensitive Area

Industrial Area

Residential Area

Sensitive Area

SO2 80 60 15 120 80 30

NO2 80 60 15 120 80 30

SPM 360 140 70 500 200 100

Pb 1.0 0.75 0.50 1.5 1.0 0.75

CO 6000 (8 hr)

2000 (8 hr)

1000 (8 hr)

10000 (8 hr)

4000 (8 hr)

2000 (8 hr)

RSPM 120 60 50 150 100 75

Ammonia 100 100 100 400 400 400 Source: www.cpcb.nic.in

Table 4.2: Revised Norms since 18th Nov. 2009

Sr. No. Pollutants Time-weighted average

Concentration in ambient air

Industrial, Residential, Rural and Other Areas

Ecologically Sensitive Areas(notified by Central Govt)

1 SO2 Annual Average*

50g/m3 20 g/m3

24 hours**

80 g/m3 80 g/m3

2 NOx Annual Average*

40g/m3 30 g/m3

24 hours**

80 g/m3 80 g/m3

3 PM10 Annual Average*

60 g/m3 60 g/m3

24 hours**

100

g/m3

100

g/m3 4 PM2.5 Annual Average*

40 g/m3 40 g/m3

24 hours**

60 g/m3 60 g/m3

5 O3 8 hours 100

g/m3 g/m3

1 hour 180

g/m3

180

g/m3 6 Pb Annual Average*

0.50

g/m3

0.50

g/m3 24 hours**

1.0

g/m3

1.0

g/m3 7 CO 8 hours**

2.0 mg/m3

2.0 mg/m3 1 hour 4.0

mg/m3 4.0 mg/m3 8 NH3 Annual

Average* 100

g/m3

100

g/m3 24 hours**

400

g/m3

400

g/m3 9 C6H6 Annual 05 g/m3 05 g/m3

10 Benzo Pyrene Annual 1.0 ng/m3

1.0 ng/m3 11 As Annual 6.0

ng/m3 6.0 ng/m3 12 Ni Annual 20 ng/m3 20 ng/m3

Source: www.cpcb.nic.in



Page 82

* Annual Arithmetic mean of min 104 measurements in that year. Monitoring conducted

for 24 hours at uniform intervals.

** 24 hourly / 8 hourly/ 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable shall be complied with

98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time it may exceed but not on two

consecutive days of monitoring.

4.1.2 Preparation of Zoning Atlas

The "Zoning Atlas" programme covering various spatial environmental planning activities has

been conceived as a tool for protection of the environmental resources and for achieving

developmental targets in an environmentally sound manner. “Zoning Atlas for Siting of

Industries” zones and classifies the environment and presents the pollution receiving

potential of various sites/zones in the State. It identifies the possible alternate sites for

industries, through easy-to-read maps. For Gujarat, interactive GIS based Zoning Atlas

prepared at taluka level along with revenue map is ready for utilisation. Its incorporation in

the State Industrial Policy can result in optimization of pollution abatement. Pollution

Control Board can use it as a ready reckoner for granting No Objection Certificates.

In continuation of the Zoning Atlas studies, the Industrial Estate Planning (IEP) studies have

been taken up at micro-level by GPCB to identify environmentally acceptable sites for

industrial estates, to suggest wastewater disposal points and to provide suggestions on

control of surrounding land uses. More IEP studies will be helpful to the Industrial

Development Corporation and the Industries Departments to properly locate the industrial

estates and provide the needed pollution abatement infrastructure.

4.1.3 Improved Vehicle Emission Norms

In 1991 and 1994, the European Environment council and European Commission regulated

the permissible pollution limit for vehicles within the European Union. Standards were set

for the amount of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon (CO) and

particulate matter a vehicle could emit. These emission norms are known as Euro I. These

were followed by stricter Euro II norms in 1998 and so on. In India, the first emission norms

came into force for petrol and diesel vehicles in 1991 which were further made stricter over

time. Euro I norms were introduced in India – in the National Capital Region (NCR) Delhi in

1999. India introduced its similar vehicle emission norms series to Euro norms known as

Bharat Stage norms. Currently the country is following Bharat Stage IV norms. All the vehicle

manufacturers need to implement these standards for the vehicles being manufactured by

them. The details of permissible vehicular emissions under various norms are given in

following tables:



Page 83

Table 4.3: Vehicle Emission Norms

Emission norms for passenger cars

Norms CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)

1991Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC)

1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36

1998Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18

India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97

Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5

Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35(combined)

Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18(combined)

Emission Norms for Heavy Diesel Vehicles

Norms CO( g/kmhr)

HC (g/kmhr) NOx (g/kmhr)

PM(g/kwhr)

1991Norms 14 3.5 18 -

1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 -

India stage 2000 norms 4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36

Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15

Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10

Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02

Emission Norms for 2/3 wheeler Norms

CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)

1991Norms 12-30 8-12 (only HC)

1996 Norms 4.5 3.6

India stage 2000 norms 2.0 2.0

Bharat stage-II 1.6 1.5

Bharat Stage-III 1.0 1.0 Source: www.cpcb.nic.in

4.1.4 Improved Fuel Quality Norms

Ministry of environment and Forest in close association with Ministry of Petroleum and

Natural Gas explored possibilities of improvement in fuel quality which lead to emission

reductions. Gradual improvements have been made to increase the cetane number and

reduce the percentage content of sulphur, lead, benzene etc. The details of gradual

improvement in fuel quality over time is detailed out in Table 4.4.



Page 84

Table 4.4: Improved Fuel Quality Norms

Diesel Specification

YEAR 1996 2000 2005 2010

Cetane No, Min 45 48 48 51

sulphur % W/w, Max 0.50 0.25 0.25(metro)

0.05 0.035

Distillation T95 - 370 370 360

Polyaromatic - - - 11

Gasoline Specification

RVP at 38Deg.c,kpa 35-70 - 35-60 60

BENZENE %by Vol.,max 5.0 5.0 3.0(Metro)

3.0(all) 1.0(Metro)

1.0

Lead G/m3, max 0.15 %(low pb) 0.013% (unleaded)

0.013 0.013 0.005

Sulphur % by mass, max 0.10(unleaded) 0.20 (leaded)

0.10 0.05 0.015

Aromatics % v/v., Max - - 45 42

Oxygen %by Vol., Max - - 2.0 2.7

Source: www.cpcb.nic.in

4.2 At State Level

4.2.1 Air Action Plans

The Honorable Supreme Court of India, in the matter of CWP No. 13029 of 1995, passed the

orders on 05.04.2001, regarding formulation and implementation of action plans for control

of pollution in cities which do not meet the ambient air quality standards. EPCA popularly

known as Bhurelal Committee was set up by Honourable Supreme Court of India under

Environment Protection Act. Initially this was set up for addressing the air pollution problem

in Delhi alone. Later on sixteen other cities were added which included Agra, Ahmedabad,

Bangalore, Chennai, Faridabad, Hyderabad, Jharia, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow,

Mumbai, Patna, Pune, Solapur and Varanasi. Meanwhile Central Pollution Control Board

(CPCB) under the advice of Government of India also identified other cities and towns which

suffer from Air Pollution. In all, 85 cities and towns are monitored periodically by CPCB.

In addition to Ahmedabad, the other cities of Gujarat which appear in this list are – Vapi,

Surat, Ankleshwar, Vadodara, Rajkot and Jamnagar. Air Action Plans were prepared for these

cities. An action plan presents the prioritized list of abatement and other measures to

improve air quality, and to maintain it within pre-described levels in the short and medium

term. It outlines the steps required to implement a full air quality management system in

any given city, consistent with the city’s circumstances, capabilities and needs.



Page 85

Ahmedabad is being monitored by a Task Force headed by the Chief Secretary of Gujarat.

District level Task Force headed by Collector was set up for coordination and

implementation of Action Plans for other cities.

The rank of Ahmedabad improved from 4th in year 2001 to 13th in year 2005, 43rd in year

2006 and 66th in year 2008.

4.2.2 Monitoring of Industries

Gujarat Pollution Control Board is the prime agency involved in the monitoring of air

pollution or any other form of pollution in the State. The regulatory body through its

network of 22 Regional Offices and 4 Vigilance offices monitors the polluting industries in

the state. The individual industries are required to install air pollution control equipment for

the control of emissions of emissions of particulate matter(PM), sulphur dioxide (SO2),

ammonia (NH3), chlorine (CL2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) etc. Fig4.1 shows the number of

samples collected and analysed from industrial units each year by GPCB. These samples are

collected from various plants of thermal power, bulk drugs, pesticides, chemicals, fertilizers,

petrochemicals, oil refineries etc. Actions are taken against the defaulting industries under

the provisions of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981.

Box 4.1: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB



Page 86

Fig 4.1: Samples Collected under Air Act


Box 4.2: On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad

Source: GPCB

4.2.3 Roping in Technical Institutes to Control Air Pollution

A Case of Narol Area- Ahmedabad

Narol earlier used to be on the outskirt of Ahmedabad city but with the expansion of urban

area, it has now become a link between developed city area and developing peripheral area.

At present, it is a mixed urban zone consisting of commercial activities, residential area and

industrial activities housing more than 200 industries belonging to mainly textile processing

sector along with few dyes and chemicals manufacturing industries.

These industries have high Air pollution potential in terms of Flue gas emission from their

boilers or thermic fluid heat heaters due to use of Coal, Lignite, Saw dust, Wood etc. Each

unit is required to install and operate the Air Pollution Control Device (APCD) and a chimney

for the better dispersion of the flue gas. Air pollution problem in the region is due to mainly

two reasons: (i) Design lacunae (ii) Operational problems. Technical institute like L D College

of Engineering, Ahmedabad were roped in by GPCB for the design modification and checking

of the adequacy of the existing APCD of each individual textile unit. The exercise will include

study of the existing APCD, operational aspects of the existing system, design improvement

in existing system, alternate modes of APCDs etc. The whole exercise will be completed in

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

No

of

Sam

ple

s

No of Samples

On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad

GPCB has initiated a pilot project to have a constant watch on 89 chimneys in Narol area of

Ahmedabad with the help of close circuit TVs. Mostly textile processing units are located in

this area. 57 CCTVs will record emissions coming out from these chimneys. The footage of

these cameras can be viewed in the office itself. Recordings can be made of chimneys

emitting seemingly higher pollution levels. Detailed sampling of these units can be then

carried out of these units. Notices can then be issued to the polluting units.



Page 87

next three months and up-gradation of the existing APCD will be carried out by the unit in

time bound manner. The Board will co-ordinate with Ahmedabad Textile Printing Association

to finish the project in time. The study is in its advance stage and the institute has made

some observations for the technical interventions. This will help to reduce the air pollution

problem of the area.

A Case of Vatva- Ahmedabad

Spray drying is the process in dye manufacturing in which liquid slurry is converted in to the

powder form. This is done by the Spray dryer in which hot gases mix get mixed with slurry

and converts it into the fine powder. This process has air pollution potential in terms of fine

particles which escape into the atmosphere. Vatva industrial estate of Ahmedabad is a hub

of such dye manufacturing and has significance presence of such spray dryers. For the

effective pollution control from such spray drying equipments, GPCB in co-ordination with

the Vatva Green Environment Society Limited roped in DDIT-Nadiad for in depth study of

each of such unit & thorough inspection of the APCD of spray dryer from the design point of

view and preparation of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for operation and

maintenance of the equipment. The DDIT carried out the study and suggested some

technical inputs for better management and control of APCD to reduce the air pollution.

Suggestions like installation of the pressure gauge, regulation of the RPM of ID fan, Nozzle

cleaning of wet scrubber, Re-circulation rate regulation of the scrubbing media has improved

the efficiency of the APCD and resulted in improvement in the emission quality.

4.2.4 Strengthening of PUC Stations

The process of setting up PUC centers in the state had started since 13/12/1994.Since April

2005, new norms have been made applicable for PUC centers. The existing centers were

asked to upgrade and re-register with RTO. The new PUC centers were to issue

computerized photo PUC certificates. It was made compulsory for PUC centers which test

petrol vehicles to have 4 Gas analysers (CO, HC, CO2, O2) as concentration of CO and HC

emitted is so small that it cannot be measured by two gas analyzer. The density of smoke

emitted by diesel vehicles was to be measured by Smoke meters. The district wise details of

PUC centers in Gujarat is shown in Tab4.5.



Page 88

Table 4.5: District Wise Approved PUC Centers

Approved PUC center in Gujarat State as on 20/04/2011

Sr. No.

Name of Office Petrol/Gas Diesel Total

1 Ahemdabad 111 34 145

2 Mehsana 12 12 24

3 Rajkot 29 18 47

4 Bhavnagar 19 6 25

5 Surat 62 28 90

6 Vadodara 39 25 64

7 Nadiad 4 1 5

8 Palanpur 8 7 15

9 Himatnagar 10 6 16

10 Jamnagar 12 8 20

11 Junagadh 16 10 26

12 Bhuj 20 20 40

13 Surendranagar 5 4 9

14 Amreli 8 5 13

15 Valsad 8 11 19

16 Bharuch 8 9 17

17 Godhra 5 3 8

18 Gandhinagar 12 7 19

19 Bardoli 8 5 13

20 Dahod 1 1 2

21 Navsari 13 8 21

22 Narmada 0 0 0

23 Anand 8 7 15

24 Patan 2 2 4

25 Porbandar 6 4 10

Total 426 241 667




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4.2.5 CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas Supply

In order to facilitate conversion of autos, cars, buses and other vehicles to cleaner fuel like

CNG or LPG, State Government took proactive measures in facilitating the creation of

CNG/LPG outlets in the State. The infrastructure in this area has been created by – Adani

Energy Ltd, HPCL, Gujarat Gas Company Ltd, GSPC & GAIL.

The following table shows the gradual increase in the number of CNG/LPG outlets in the

cities for which air action plans have been prepared by GPCB and Gandhinagar which is

capital city of the State. These cities appear in the list of 85 cities prepared by CPCB which

are high on air pollution.

Table 4.6: CNG/LPG Stations for Auto Gas Supply

City As on 31/03/2007

As on 31/03/2008

As on 31/03/2009

As on 31/03/2010

Ahmedabad 48 56 66 66

Vadodara 6 13 13 16

Ankleshwar 2 2 5 7

Surat 17 23 30 30

Rajkot 2 7 8 12

Jamnagar - 1 2 2

Vapi - - - 4

Gandhnagar 4 6 6 8

Source: Annual Reports GPCB

In addition CNG/LPG stations are also installed in other cities of Gujarat like Morbi.

Wadhwan, Limbdi, Sanand, Ananad, Navsari etc .However, the number of outlets in these

cities is very small in the range of 1- 4.The total number of CNG stations in Gujarat as on 31

March 2012 is 227 out of which 57 have been set up by Adani, 44 by Gujarat Gas and 126 by

GSPC and GAIL.

4.2.6 Registration of Retrofitters

Earlier there was no system of registering CNG/LPG kit retrofitters and verifying the quality

of services provided by them. Office of Transport Commissioner later started the procedure

of registering these retrofitters after verifying the kind of infrastructure provided by them.

The following table provides the details of registered retrofitters in Gujarat.



Page 90

Table 4.7: Retrofitters Data

Sr. No. District Name Number of Retrofitter

1 Ahmedabad 137

2 Amreli 1

3 Anand 9

4 Bardoli 1

5 Bharuch 7

6 Bhavnagar 4

7 Gandhinagar 13

8 Godhra 4

9 Himatnagar 3

10 Jamnagar 8

11 Junagadh 7

12 Kheda 2

13 Mehsana 13

14 Nadiad 2

15 Navsari 8

16 Palanpur 1

17 Panchmahal 4

18 Patan 3

19 Rajkot 13

20 Sabarkantha 4

21 Surat 89

22 Surendranagar 2

23 Vadodara 36

24 Valsad 3

Total 374 Source: Office of Transport Commissioner

4.2.7 Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in Ahmedabad

Regional transport authority has banned plying of old autorickshaws (autorickshaws

registered before 1991) with effect from 31 Dec 2005 in the areas under the jurisdiction of

Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority.

The autos were made to convert to CNG in Ahmedabad. There has now been a gradual

increase in CNG autos in the city which is shown by the data below:

As on 31/03/2007 31000

As on 31/03/2008 38000

As on 31/03/2009 44144

As on 31/03/2010 55346

As on 31/03/2011 72937

As on 31/03/2012 80748



Page 91

4.2.8 Improved Public Transport System

Promoting public bus transport is viewed as a top priority area to improve urban road traffic

and for controlling air pollution from automobiles.

Public Transport System in Ahmedabad

As on 31/03/2012, AMTS operates a fleet size of 1152 buses along 171 routes in the city.

Table4.8 presents details of fleet size of Ahmedabad over time.

Table 4.8: AMTS Operations (1951 – 2012)

Year-ending 31st March Fleet-size (Buses)

1951 188

1961 337

1971 525

1981 610

1991 756

2001 886

2005 540

2006 848

2012 AMTS Private

835 317

Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS)

In the light of the current problems of public transportation and with the objective to

promote and enhance regional mobility and serve public by providing quality transit services

and solutions that improve the overall quality of life of the residents of Ahmedabad, the

Government of Gujarat with respective authorities (AMC, AUDA and GIDB) is building Bus

Rapid Transit System (BRTS) at various corridors. The Ahmedabad BRTS was officially named

as “Janmarg”, which means “people's way” - a street that would carry the citizens of

Ahmedabad in safety, comfort and at high speeds.

BRTS network was created based on passenger studies, road inventory, road infrastructure

attributes, existing land use and future development plans. The current BRT network

connects the important origins and destination points plus the transit interchanges such as

railway stations, regional bus terminals, University areas, industrial areas such as Narol,

Naroda; residential and commercial hubs and recreational public spaces such as Kankaria

Lake. BRTS network is planned in four phases and currently 45 Km of the BRTS corridor is

operational and another 43 Km is under construction.



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Table 4.9: Phase Wise Details of BRTS

BRTS Phase wise details

Length (Km)

No. of Stations

Status

Phase - I 45 67 In operation

Phase - II 44 52 Under construction

Phase – III 40 - Proposal

Phase-IV 87 - Proposal

Source: 25th Month Report, AJL, CoE in Urban Transport, CEPT University.

Operational BRTS

Note: Initiatives are also taken in Gujarat for development of BRTS in Surat and Rajkot and

they are at various stages of planning and development.

Network Length 45 Km (Phase I)

Number of Stations 67

Total Fleet 112 (Including 11 AC buses)



Page 93

4.2.9 Promoting Renewable Energy

Gujarat Government in form of Gujarat Energy Development Agency promoted various

sources of renewable energy in the state. Number of projects have been under taken in

Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Bio Energy, Energy Conservation and education. The biggest

achievement has been development of Gujarat Solar Park, Charanka-Patan which hosts

about 17 different projects by different developers. It also became the world's largest

photovoltaic power station. This Solar Park will host 600 MW of solar power projects using

state-of-the-art thin film technology. 600 MW of solar panels will save around 8 million

tonnes of carbon dioxide from being released into the atmosphere and save around

900,000 tonnes of coal and natural gas per year.

4.3 At Individual Level

4.3.1 Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel (CNG/LPG)

A large number of vehicles in Gujarat have converted to cleaner fuel. The drivers to this

change are mainly economics but they do have an impact on air quality as CNG/LPG is

considered to be cleaner than petrol/diesel. This change is supported by the availability of

gas grid in Gujarat and the presence of CNG/LPG retail outlets in major cities.

Table: 4.10: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Gujarat

CNG/LPG Vehicles : As on 31st March, 2011

Type of Vehicle New/ Conversion No. of Vehicles

LPG CNG Total

Autorickshaw New 187 128223 128410

Conversion 289 102329 102618

LMV Motor Car New 2623 4518 7141

Conversion 172053 116561 288614

Passenger Bus New 0 2545 2545

Conversion 0 653 653

Other Vehicles New 4615 4414 9029

Conversion 440 427 867

Total New 7425 139700 147125

Conversion 172782 219970 392752

All Vehicles 180207 359670 539877


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas



Page 94

Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel in Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad has seen a surge of vehicles converting to cleaner fuel ie CNG/LPG. The reason

for conversion for private vehicles is more to do with economics benefits but nevertheless, it

does lead to reduction in air pollution. The public vehicles are converting to cleaner fuel due

to government initiatives.

Table 4.11: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Ahmedabad

CNG/LPG Vehicles as on 31 March 2012

Autos LMV Passenger

Bus Motorcycle

Delivery Van

Total Grand Total

CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG

80748 26 39311 32799 712 - - 366 4316 259 125087 33430 158517

Source: RTO Ahmedabad

4.3.2 Use of Natural Gas by Industries

A large number of industrial units are also shifting to cleaner fuel. Table 4.12 provides details

of industrial connections in Gujarat by various natural gas suppliers. This is being encouraged

by regulatory agencies as natural gas is a cleaner fuel.



Page 95

Table 4.12: Industries having Natural Gas Connection

Commissioned Industrial Customers as on 31 Jan 2012

GSPC Adani Energy Ltd Gujarat Gas

North Gujarat

Ahmedabad

Vatva

Naroda

Memco

Narol

Odhav

Changodar

Rakhial

259

136

10

63

92

62

01

South Gujarat

Sarigam 86

Vapi 264

Valsad 28

Navsari 14

Hazira 5

Umargam 47

Bilimora 8

Surat 875

Central Gujarat

Vadodara 75

Karjan-Palej 3

Halol 42

Dahej 7

Gandhinagar 17

Nadiad 12

Khambat 4

North Saurashtra

Surendranagar 59

Rajkot 171

Morbi

Morbi 561

Thangadh 153

Total 1481 698 875 Source: GSPC & Adani Energy Ltd

4.3.3 Households having PNG

Use of cleaner fuel at house hold level has also increased. Between NFHS- 2 and NFHS -3 an

additional 2 % households shifted to cleaner fuel in urban areas, in rural areas, additional

5% households shifted to cleaner fuel taking total percentage to 81.8% and 23% in urban

and rural areas respectively.

Section V - Recommendation

Section V –Recommendations


Page 96

SECTION V - RECOMMENDATIONS

For improved air quality, there is a need to involve all stake holders - government agencies,

NGOS, academic institutions, R & D organisations and public. State of art air quality

monitoring equipments, modeling techniques, meteorological data, source apportionment

studies and regular health surveys are a prerequisite to pragmatic policy interventions.

5.1 Need to Extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme

Most of the ambient air quality monitoring stations measuring annual averages are

located in the golden corridor. Only 09 districts are covered by them. There is a need to

spread this network to remaining districts in Gujarat to start building temporal data.

More stations are needed particularly in hot spots where the vehicular and industrial

emissions are high.

Potential air pollutants in ambient air namely Volatile organic compounds and polycyclic

aromatic hydrocarbons should be monitored regularly in order to minimize their

emissions to protect public health. Currently these are being monitored only in industrial

clusters. A need is there to extend this to major traffic junctions in the major urban

centers as vehicular traffic is a major contributor to these VOCs.

Annual averages are measured only for four parameters namely SO2, NOX, SPM and

RSPM. Twelve parameters are now notified under the Ambient Air Quality norms since

18th Nov 2009. There is an urgent need to extend the parameters being monitored. The

collected air quality data should be comprehensively and statistically analyzed to get an

insight into temporal and spatial trends.

The performance of existing stations needs to be overhauled for strict quality control.

Also there is a need for relocation of monitoring equipment at some locations to have

data indicating actual ambient air quality status.

5.2 Source Apportionment Studies

Source Apportionment Studies for ambient air quality attributing contribution of various

sources of air pollutants have not been initiated in Gujarat. Such studies when

undertaken periodically will highlight the impact of policy interventions for improvement

of air quality.



Page 97

5.3 Health Impact Studies

Data on health effects of air pollution from Indian cities is minimal and investigation on

the health effects of chronic, long-term exposures to ambient air pollution is almost

absent. It is important to undertake health impact studies to know the effect of specific

air pollutants on public health.

Collaboration of impact analysis on health with air monitoring data and various research

and development initiatives will improve policy interventions for air quality.

There is utmost requirement to collect better and systematic information about actual

exposure levels experienced by households and develop a model for predicting the

exposure levels based on fuel use and other household data (exposure atlas). Effective

tackling of indoor air pollution also requires collaboration and commitment between

agencies responsible for health, energy, environment, housing and rural development.

5.4 Pollution Control from Vehicles

Traffic mode characteristics show that trips by Public Transport are only 8.97% in 2007

for Ahmedabad. For other cities, this data was not available. For cities like Ahmedabad,

this percentage is very low and should have been more than 20% as per the study on

‘Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, 2008’,

conducted by Ministry Of Urban Development, New Delhi. Therefore, there is a need to

strengthen Mass Transportation in cities.

Diesel exhausts contain fine and ultrafine particles that are very harmful particularly for

children. School buses and other vehicles used for transportation of the school children

everywhere in the country should be changed from diesel to cleaner fuel like CNG or

LPG.

The State Government needs to make necessary amendments to Motor Vehicles Act, to

enable spot checking of vehicles and levy fines on owners, who fail to pass tests for

carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and lead emissions. Regulation to restrict the

registration of two-stroke motored vehicles and movements of diesel transport vehicles

in major cities could also be initiated.

Improvement in traffic management system to relieve congestion is urgently called for

by linking the bylanes and introducing parallel road system.

Congested areas should be designated as ‘Pedestrian Streets’ during peak periods.

Parking should be allowed only in designated parking areas at nodal points.



Page 98

5.5 Regulatory Agencies

There are multiple contributors to air pollution like vehicles, industries, fuel burning etc.

Therefore control strategies require active co-operation among all the concerned

agencies and require developing some common platform where they can plan strategies

and programmes to prevent and control air pollution.

Suitability of a new industry or industrial estate with environment can be assessed by

using the Zoning Atlas for Gujarat which provides a taluka level GIS based interactive

approach for site suitability. This is based on pollution potential of an industry taking

into account its effect on Land, Air, Water and Environmentally Sensitive Zones.

Integration of local policies for air, water, soil and waste in cities will lead to better

environmental quality.

Staggering of holidays and workdays for business establishments, rescheduling of

timings of schools and cinema theatres in different parts of the cities may be

implemented.

5.6 Awareness Programmes

Accelerating the national programmes for dissemination of solar cookers and improved

fuel wood stoves suited to local cooking practices and biomass resources can help in

preventing health impacts from indoor air pollution.

Encouraging public to walk or use bicycles for traveling short distances and to share

vehicles for long distances will help in controlling vehicular air pollution. The individual

level action that can be initiated to minimise pollution from vehicles should also be

popularised.

City and land use pattern should encourage designing and redevelopment of

communities to promote mass transit, carpooling, pedestrian walkways, and bicycle use.

Saving the existing trees and planting more trees wherever possible will help in

controlling air pollution.

A mass awareness campaign should be carried out on air pollution and its impact on our

health.

References

References


Page 99

REFERENCES

1. Annual Reports 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09,2009-2010, Central Pollution Control

Board, New Delhi

2. Annual Reports 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09,2009-2010, Gujarat Pollution Control

Board, Gandhinagar

3. Air Quality Trends And Action Plan For Control Of Air Pollution For Seventeen Cities

2006, 2007, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi

4. Minimising Release And Environmental Implications Of Chlorine And Its

Compounds, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi

5. Guidelines On Odour Pollution & Its Control, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board,

New Delhi

6. Status Of The Vehicular Pollution Control Programme In India, 2010, Central

Pollution Control Board, New Delhi

7. Evaluation Study On National Project On Biogas Development Programme, May

2002, Planning Commission, Government Of India, New Delhi

8. Dr. Arunachalam Gunasekar, Tracking Delhi’s Air Quality 2012, New York Times

9. Environmental Performance Index, 2012, Environmental Research Centers At Yale

And Columbia Universities

10. Study On Traffic And Transportation Policies And Strategies In Urban Areas In India,

2008, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi

11. Epidemiological Study On Effect Of Air Pollution On Human Health (Adults) In Delhi,

2008, Central Pollution Control Board , New Delhi

12. Study On Ambient Air Quality, Respiratory Symptoms And Lung Function Of Children

In Delhi, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi

13. Study Of Urban Air Quality In Kolkata For Source Identification And Estimation Of

Ozone, Carbonyls, NOx And VOC Emissions, 2010, Central Pollution Control Board,

New Delhi

14. Tishyarakshit Chatterjee, (2009) Reorienting Environment Policy In India Towards A

Local Area-Based Development And Management Paradigm, The Journal Of Trans

disciplinary Environmental Studies Vol. 8, No. 1

15. Sruthijith K K, CNG: Environmentalism Vs Economics, Centre For Civil Society

16. Sanjeev Kumar K., Ankur Paliwal, Sumana Narayanan (Jul 15, 2011) Gentle On Critical

Pollution, Down To Earth, Jul 15, 2011

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/author/35



References State of Air Environment

Page 100

17. Bureau Of Indian Standards, National Building Code Of India 1983 – Incorporating

Amendments No.1 And 2, 1990, Bureau Of Indian Standards, New Delhi

18. SP 7:2005, National Building Code Of India 2005, Bureau Of Indian Standards, New

Delhi

19. Goyal, Rohit, Khandelwal, Sumit And Kaul, Nivedita, 2011, Analysis Of Relative

Importance Of Parameters Representing Vegetation, Urbanization And Elevation

With Land Surface Temperature Using ANN, Geo Spatial World Forum, Hydrabad

20. Prajna Paramita Mishra, 2005, Impact Of Mining On Agricultural Productivity, Centre

For Economic And Social Studies (CESS), Hyderabad

21. Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Of Iron Ore Mining In Bellary-Hospet

Region, 2004, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur,

22. London’s Urban Heat Island: A Summary For Decision Makers, October 2006, Greater

London Authority

23. For A Breath Of Fresh Air 10 year Progress And Challenges In Urban Air Quality

Management In India ( 1993-2002), The World Bank; Environment And Social

Development Unit; South Asia Region

24. Integrated Environment Epidemiology Study In Identified Critically Polluted Areas In

Country, National Institute of Occupational Hazard, Ahmedabad.

25. Determination Of Impact On Health And Vegetation Due To Air Pollution, NIOH,

2003, Central Pollution Control Board Sponsored by World Bank Aided Training

Program

26. Environmental Standards for Ambient Air, Automobiles, Fuels, Industries and Noise,

2000, Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry Of Environment & Forests, New Delhi

27. Air Pollution Due To Vehicular Traffic In Designated Cities / Towns Of The Gujarat

State And Evaluation Of Health Status Of School Children Studying Nearby Traffic

Junction In Cities, 2000, National Institute of Occupational Hazard, Identified By The

Honble High Court, Ahmedabad

28. National Environmental Health Profile And Comparative Health Risk Assessment,

2004-05, National Institute of Occupational Hazard Sponsored By WHO Through

Ministry Of Environment & Forests, New Delhi

29. Socio-Economic Review, Gujarat State 2007-08; February 2008; Directorate of

Economic and Statistics; Government of Gujarat; Gandhinagar

30. Compendium Of Environment Statistics India, 2010, Central Statistics Office, Ministry

Of Statistics And Programme Implementation, Government Of India

References


Page 101

31. Smoke Screen Ambient Air Quality In India; 2006, Website:

www.Sipcotcuddalore.Com ; Community Environmental Monitoring

32. Action Plans Of Various Cities In Gujarat; Ahmedabad; Vadodara; Surat; Jamnagar;

Bhavnagar; Rajkot; Vapi; Ankleshwar; Etc, Gujarat Pollution Control Board

33. State Of Environment Reports; Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, Gujarat,

India; Etc

34. Bhuvans Thematic Maps,

35. Comprehensive environmental Pollution Index, 2009, Central Pollution Control

Board, New Delhi

36. Mowli P Pratapa and Subbayya, Air Pollution and Control, Divyajyoti Prakashan,

Jodhpur.

37. Singal S P, Air Quality Monitoring and Control Strategy, Narosa Publishing House,

New Delhi.

Annexure

Annexure – I


Page 102

ANNEXURE – I

Classification of industries as per Pollution Potential [Red, Orange & Green Categories]

I. List of Industries under “ RED ” Category A. Industries identified by Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, as Heavily polluting and covered under Central Action Plan, viz.

1. Distillery including Fermentation industry. 2. Sugar (excluding Khandsari). 3. Fertiliser. 4. Pulp & Paper (Paper manufacturing with or without pulping). 5. Chlor alkali. 6. Pharmaceuticals (Basic) (excluding formulation). 7. Dyes and dye-intermediates. 8. Pesticides (Technical) (excluding formulation). 9. Oil refinery (Mineral Oil and Petro refineries). 10. Tanneries. 11. Petrochemicals (Manufacture of and not merely use of as raw material). 12. Cement. 13. Thermal power Plants. 14. Iron and Steel (Involving processing from ore / scrap / Integrated steel plants). 15. Zinc smelter. 16. Copper smelter. 17. Aluminum smelter.

B. Industries manufacturing following products or carrying out following activities:-

1. Tyres and tubes Vulcanisation / Retreading / moulding. 2. Synthetic rubber. 3. Glass and fiber glass production and processing. 4. Industrial carbon including electrodes and graphite blocks, activated carbon, carbon black

etc. 5. Paints and varnishes (excluding blending / mixing). 6. Pigments and intermediates. 7. Synthetic resin. 8. Petroleum products, involving storage, transfer or processing. 9. Lubricating Oils, grease or petroleum – based products. 10. Synthetic fiber including rayon, tyre cord, polyester filament yarn. 11. Surgical and medical products involving prophylactics and latex. 12. Synthetic detergent and soap. 13. Photographic films and chemicals. 14. Chemical, petrochemical and electrochemicals including manufacture of acids such as

Sulphuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid etc. 15. Industrial or inorganic gases. 16. Chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides. 17. Glue and gelatine. 18. Yarn and textile processing involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing or any effluent / emission

generating process.

Annexure – I


Page 103

19. Vegetables oils including solvent extracted oils, hydro-generated ols. 20. Industry or process Involving metal treatment or process such as picking, surface coating,

paint baking, paint stripping, heat treatment phosphating or finishing etc. 21. Industry or process involving electroplating operations. 22. Asbestos and asbestos – based industries. 23. Slaughter houses and meat processing units. 24. Fermentation industry including manufacture of yeast, beer etc. 25. Steel and steel products including coke plants involving use of any of the equipment ’ s such

as blast furnaces, open hearth furnaces, induction furnace or arc furnace etc. or any of the operations or processes such as heat treatment, acid pickling, rolling or galvanizing etc.

26. Incineration plants. 27. Power generating plants (excluding D.G.Sets). 28. Lime manufacturing. 29. Tobacco products including cigarettes and tobacco processing. 30. Dry coal processing / Mineral processing industries like ore sintering, palletization etc. 31. Phosphate rock processing plants. 32. Coke making, coal liquefaction, coaltar distillation or flue gas making. 33. Phosphate and detonators, fuses etc. 34. Explosives including detonators, fuses etc. 35. Fire crackers. 36. Processes involving chlorinated hydrocarbons. 37. Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds. 38. Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives. 39. Milk processing and dairy products (Integrated Project). 40. Industry or process involving foundry operations. 41. Potable alcohol (IMFL) by blending or distillation of alcohol. 42. Anodizing. 43. Ceramic / refractories. 44. Lead processing and battery reconditioning & manufacturing lead smelting. 45. Hot Mix plants. 46. Hospitals. 47. Mining and ore beneficiation.

II. List of Industries “ Orange ” Category.

1. Manufacture of mirror from sheet glass photo framing. 2. Cotton spinning and weaving. 3. Automobile servicing and repairs stations. 4. Hotels and restaurants. 5. Flour mills (excluding Domestic Aatta Chakki). 6. Malted food. 7. Food including fruits and vegetable processing. 8. Pulping and fermenting of coffee beans. 9. Instant tea/coffee, coffee processing. 10. Non – alcoholic beverages (soft drinks) 11. Fragrances and Industrial perfumes. 12. Food additives, nutrients and flavours. 13. Fish processing. 14. Organic nutrients. 15. Surgical & medical products not involving effluent / emission 16. Laboratory wares.

Annexure – I


Page 104

17. Wire drawing (cold process) and bailing straps. 18. Stone crushers. 19. Laboratory chemicals involving distillation, purification process. 20. Tyres and tubes vulcanization, vulcanization, retreading moulding. 21. Pesticides/insecticides/fungicides/herbicides/Agrochemical 22. NPK Fertilizers/Granulation. 23. Pharmaceutical formulation. 24. Khandsari Sugar. 25. Pulverizing units.

III. List of Industries under “ Green ” Category. A. Industries in Small Scale, Cottage / Village Category suggested under notification of the State Government / Union Territory for issuance of simplified NOC / Consent from State Pollution Control Board / Pollution Control Committee, as the case may be, B. Al those industries or processes which are not covered the “ Red ” and / or “ Orange ” category: An illustrative List is provided below.

1. Washing of used sand by hydraulic discharge. 2. Atta-chakkies. 3. Rice mullors. 4. Steeling and processing of grains. 5. Mineralized water. 6. Dal mills. 7. Bakery products, biscuits confectionery. 8. Groundnut decorticating.(dry). 9. Supari (Betelnut) & masala grinding. 10. Chilling plants & cold storages. 11. Ice-creams or Ice-cream making. 12. 2) Tailoring & garment making. 13. Cotton & woolen hosiery. 14. Apparel making. 15. Handloom weaving. 16. Shoelace manufacturing. 17. Gold & Silver thread zari work. 18. Gold and Silver smithy. 19. Leather footwear & leather products excluding tanning & hiding processing. 20. Musical instruments manufacturing. 21. Sports goods. 22. Bamboo & cane products (only dry operations). 23. Cardboard or corrugated box & paper products (paper or pulp manufacturing excluded). 24. Insulation & other coated papers (paper or pulp manufacturing excluded). 25. Scientific & mathematical appliances. 26. Furniture (wooden and steel). 27. Assembly of domestic electrical appliances. 28. Radio assembling. 29. Fountain pens. 30. Polythene, plastic and P.V.C. goods through extrusion moulding. 31. Rope (cotton & plastic)

Annexure – I


Page 105

32. Carpet weaving 33. Assembly of air coolers, conditioners 34. Assembly of bicycles, baby carriage 7 other small non motorized vehicles. 35. Electronics equipments (Assembly) 36. Toys 37. Water softening & deminerallised plants. 38. Paint (by mixing process only) 39. Candles 40. Carpentry (excluding saw mill) 41. Oil ginning / expelling (no hydrogenation / refining) 42. Jobbing & machining 43. Manufacture of steel trunks & suitcases 44) Paper pins & U – clips

Industries Exempted from 'NOC'

(A List of Nonpolluting Industries having no pollution potential)

• Motor rewinding.

• Workshop for vehicle repair.

• Engineering workshop, machine shop, fabrication shop, press shop, smithy shop, turning

shop, cutting shop. • Pump and motor assembling units.

• Cycle assembling units.

• Units fabricating tractor trailer, agricultural equipment, etc.

• Units fabricating vehicle parts without electroplating and heat treatment.

• Unit fabricating stove, cooker, kitchen equipment without electroplating.

• Units fabricating nails, pegs, nuts, bolts, etc.

• Units manufacturing utensils of aluminum, steel, copper and brass.

• Casting units using pit furnace.

• Units fabricating iron doors and shutters.

• Units fabricating steel furniture without electroplating.

• Units manufacturing weighting machines.

• Units fabricating drawing, surveying, and scientific equipment.

• Units making music instruments.

• Units making sports gear.

• Units making toys.

• Units making stationery items like paper pins, "U" pins, pencils, etc.

• Units binding books, making file covers, card board boxes, envelopes, paper bags from

paper or board. • Units making paper napkins, dishes, labels, tallow, paper rolls.

Annexure – I


Page 106

• Units making wooden doors and windows.

• Units making wooden furniture.

• Units making wooden boxes.

• Units assembling air conditioners, air coolers, water coolers, heater, electric irons, etc.

• Units manufacturing electric fans, tube lights, bulbs, lamps, fuses, switches, etc.

• Units casting cement concrete spun pipes, mosaic tiles, cement concrete poles.

• Units casting cement concrete grills.

• Units making umbrellas and rain coats.

• Units making garments by stitching from ready cloth.

• Units making hoisery items.

• Weaving units with handlooms and power looms.

• Yarn twisting, crimping and texturising units.

• Fibre glass moulding units.

• Units manufacturing plastics items like buckets, tumblers, footwear, brushes, ropes.

• Units producing plastics items through fabrication, extraction, injection moulding

methods. • Units manufacturing tubes, pipes, boxes, tanks, etc. from plastics HDPE, LDPE, PVC.

• Units making leather items like bags, purses, wallets, etc. from ready leather.

• Units making tooth powders, tooth pastes, shampoos, nailpolishes, hairoils, through

mixing only. • Units making candles.

• Units making agarbattis.

• Units making detergent powders, soaps, etc. through mixing only.

• Cold storages.

• Domestic flour mills.

• Units grinding corianders, cumin, turmeric, salts, spices.

• Tobacco drying sheds.

• Saw mills.

• Printing presses.

• Pulse mills.

• Oil expellers.

• Ice factories.

• Poultry farms.

• Units manufacturing glass frames for spectacles.

Annexure – I


Page 107

• Diamond Industries.

• Induction furnaces.

• Units manufacturing tablets and capsules by mixing only.

• Units manufacturing biscuits upto 100 kg per day only.

• Units manufacturing pickles/pappads upto 500 kg per day only.

• Assembling units for TV, VCR, VCP, radio sets, tape recorders, etc.

• Units retreading tyres.

• Units manufacturing rubber parts, rubber corks, surgical gloves.

• Units involved in cutting, polishing and finishing of stones, marbles and granites.

• Units involved in finishing of printed cloth by felt finish or rolls process, sintering.

• Cotton ginning and pressing units.

• Steel, rerolling mills where M S bars, angles, CTD round bars, section bars, etc. are

prepared without pickling process. • Tyre and rubber industries.

• Oxygen gas units.

• Jaggery (Gur) (from sugarcane) producing units.

• Tobacco gutka manufacturing units.

• Ceramic cup saucers making units.

• Glaced tiles producing units (provided water is recycled)

• Units manufacturing ceramic sanitaryware.

• Units producing white coal/biocoal from agriculture wastes.

• Units producing biofertilisers only from agriculture waste mix.

• Units producing cattle fodder by mixing.

• Units producing acetylene gas.

• Salt pans by solar evaporation.

• Ceramic units using LDO/HSD/RFO fuels at 1000 litres/day (but not using coal/lignite/hard

coke/husk) with a condition to instal a chimney of minimum 11 metres height. • Computer software units

• Perfumes (Attar) manufacturing Units by mixint process

• Units producing Lime stone masonry.

• Units manufacturing domestic flour mill.

• Units manufacturing Mamara.

• Computer & Computer stationery

• Gems & Jewelry Units

Annexure – I


Page 108

• Units manufacturing plastic bags

• Manually preparing silver & golden ornaments

• Units making printing blocks

• Units making furniture from bamboo

• Units assembling domestic electrical appliances

• Units fabricating aluminium doors, windows & furnitures

• Tailor machine repair or its manufacturing units

• Ball pen's refill

• Button & hooks manufacturing units

• Bicycle's chain & locks

• Embroidery

• Photo frame, Mirror frame

• Flower pot, Flower vase

• Units fabricating fork-knife, scissors

• Unit installing DG sets upto 50 KVA

Annexure – II


Page 109

ANNEXURE II

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (Once in a year)

Trends in SO2


1 Kadi Char Rasta, Mehsana

Mehsana Mehsana 3.00 20.00 17.00 8.33 8.30

2 Modhera Char Rasta

Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 16.00 12.00 4.00 14.60

3 Char Rasta

Patan Patan 3.00 16.00 15.00 4.16 8.30

4 Himatnagar Nagarpalika

Himatnagar Sabarkantha 6.00 13.00 15.00 8.33 20.90

5 Nagarpalika Office Idar Sabarkantha 4.00 16.00 12.00 9.37 7.90

6 Nr. Vishram Gruh

Palanpur Banaskantha 4.00 15.00 12.00 6.24 12.50

7 Nr. Gandhi Lincon Hospital

Deesa Banaskantha 3.00 14.00 12.00 4.16 10.40

8 Cadila Laboratories, Narol


9 LD Engg. College, Ahmedabad


10 CETP, Vatva GIDC, Ahmedabad


11 GIDC Office Naroda, Ahmedabad


12 At CETP ,Odhav, Ahmedabad


13 TPAEC, Sabarmati, Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 6.00 5.0 0

24.92 230.00 23.30

14 Karanj Police Station, Ahmedabad


15 Gujarat Vidhyapith, Ahmedabad


16 Bavla Nagarpalika

Bavla Ahmedabad 5.00 7.00 12.00 15.62 6.40

17 Viramgam Nagarpalika

Viramgam Ahmedabad 3.00 5.00 11.00 13.54 7.30

18 Rupam Chowk

Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 16.00 9.64 6.35 13.92 6.90

19 Nr. Primary School, Gandhi Road, Bajwa, Vadodara


20 Community Health Centre, Padra, Vadodara


Annexure – II


Page 110

21 GIDC Gorwa, Vadodara


22 Chhotaudepur, Vadodara


23 Ineous ABS Ltd. Nandesari, Vadodara


24 GPCB Office Race Course, Vadodara


25 Dandia Bazar, Vadodara


26 I D Hospital, Karelibaug, Vadodara


27 GIDC Makarpura, Vadodara


28 Alembic Ltd., Alembic Road, Vadodara


29

Dakor Municipal Barough's Fire StationDakor, Kheda Office

Kheda Kheda 0.00 0.00 2.61 2.43 3.30

30

Sevalia Nagarpalika's Office, Sevalia, Kheda

Kheda Kheda 0.00 0.00 1.43 0.00 3.50

31 Nagarpalika office Khambhat

Khambhat Anand 1.00 1.87 1.92 3.08 16.70

32 Nr. Woodland restorant , Opp. Kheta talav

Nadiad Kheda 2.00 1.44 2.16 4.62 4.70

33 Aaqm at GIDC, Savali Vadodara


34 Anand nagarpalika office fire station

Anand Anand 1.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.70

35 Petlad Nagarpalika Office, (at ground level)

Petlad Anand 1.00 0.00 2.77 8.33 0.70

36 Mahemdabad Nagarpalika Office

Mahemdabad Kheda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.90

37 GIDC Sachin Sachin Surat 0.00 43.13 7.67 77.19 73.30

38 Dehgam Bus Station

Dehgam Gandhinagar 4.00 14.00 10.00 129.00

39 IFFCO Kalol Kalol Gandhinagar 3.00 17.00 17.00 12.00

40 Kadi High School Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 5.00 14.00 12.00 2.00

Annexure – II


Page 111

41 St. Xavier's High School

Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 9.00 14.00 15.00 4.16

42 GEB, Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 6.00 16.00 15.00 8.33

43 Dahod Dahod Dahod 1.00 0.00 1.04 0.00

44 CEDS GIDC Kalol Kalol Gandhinagar 3.00 12.00 12.00 12.50

45 RO GPCB Narmadanagar

Bharuch Bharuch 24.00 17.80 15.70

46 Punit Society Bharuch Bharuch 30.30 32.30 19.90

47 Amal Products Ankleshwar Bharuch 38.00 30.70

48 Taluka Panchayat Office

Ankleshwar Bharuch 28.00 22.50

49 Fire Brigade Office KalawadRoad


50 Near Trajpar Chowkdi

Morbi Rajkot 13.00 12.19

51 Nr Petrol Pump NH Wankaner Rajkot 13.00 10.23

52 Jay Bhavani Industrial Estate

Junagadh Junagadh 14.00 13.67 19.31 20.34

53 Mahila Police Station


Trends in NOx



Mehsana Mehsana 12.00 9.00 38.00 18.63 19.60

2 Modhera Char Rasta Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 6.00 21.00 20.00 20.80

3 Char Rasta Patan Patan 12.00 4.00 19.00 34.86 21.50




6 Nr. Vishram Gruh Palanpur Banaskantha 14.00 6.00 21.00 16.95 18.20















Annexure – II


Page 112





16 Bavla Nagarpalika Bavla Ahmedabad 16.00 34.00 17.00 15.75 20.30



18 Rupam Chowk Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 18.00 10.54 10.84 11.71 13.00















26 I D Hospital, Karelibaug, Vadodara






29


Kheda Kheda 0.00 3.87 10.44 12.68 6.20

30 Sevalia Nagarpalika's Office, Sevalia, Kheda

Kheda Kheda 0.00 7.32 11.43 4.00 14.80


Khambhat Anand 14.00 6.55 6.71 7.50 18.50


Nadiad Kheda 17.00 13.18 5.23 11.30 1.70



Annexure – II


Page 113


Anand Anand 7.00 5.21 5.67 11.09 0.90


Petlad Anand 5.00 19.83 14.04 18.52 0.70




38 Dehgam Bus Station Dehgam Gandhinagar 14.00 4.00 13.00 18.00






43 Dahod Dahod Dahod 5.00 8.66 8.10

















Annexure – II


Page 114

Trends in SPM

Sr.No. Location City District 6002 6002 6002 6002 6000


Mehsana Mehsana 274.00 538.00 458.00 340.00 157.00


Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 475.00 265.00 457.00 461.00
























16 Bavla Nagarpalika Bavla Ahmedabad 955.00 245.00 286.00 332.00 497.00



18 Rupam Chowk

Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 708.00 362.00 240.00 207.00 167.00

19

Nr. Primary School, Gandhi Road, Bajwa, Vadodara


20

Community Health Centre, Padra, Vadodara






Annexure – II


Page 115







26

I D Hospital, Karelibaug, Vadodara




28

Alembic Ltd., Alembic Road, Vadodara


29


Kheda Kheda 0.00 153.00 152.00 161.00 414.00

30


Kheda Kheda 0.00 82.00 158.00 189.00 112.00


Khambhat Anand 305.00 179.00 368.00 209.00 407.00

32

Nr. Woodland restorant , Opp. Kheta talav

Nadiad Kheda 344.00 188.00 185.00 200.00 196.00




Anand Anand 399.00 213.00 364.00 417.00 587.00


Petlad Anand 194.00 157.00 129.00 227.00 429.00












Annexure – II


Page 116



Bharuch Bharuch 183.00 234.00 184.00

46 Punit Society

Bharuch Bharuch 248.00 413.03 262.00

47 Amal Products








51 Nr Petrol Pump NH

Wankaner Rajkot 123.00 188.00





Trends in RSPM



Mehsana Mehsana 72.00 108.00 145.00 92.00 39.00


Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 50.00 63.00 159.00 83.00




















Annexure – II


Page 117





16 Bavla Nagarpalika

Bavla Ahmedabad 281.00 110.00 132.00 97.00 148.00



18 Rupam Chowk Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 283.00 160.00 119.00 91.00 79.00















26

I D Hospital, Karelibaug, Vadodara






29


Kheda Kheda 0.00 52.00 60.00 67.00 374.00

30


Kheda Kheda 0.00 49.00 48.00 67.00 85.00

31

Nagarpalika office Khambhat

Khambhat Anand 89.00 79.00 133.00 108.00 154.00

Annexure – II


Page 118


Nadiad Kheda 159.00 115.00 100.00 106.00 44.00




Anand Anand 107.00 191.00 212.00 119.00 227.00


Petlad Anand 91.00 107.00 73.00 174.00 109.00




























Annexure – III


Page 119

Annexure III

Ambient Air Quality - VOCs

Name of Cluster GIDC, Vapi, Valsad

Sampling Location

Club – 3 Building

Methodology VOC- GC-FID Benzo-a-Pyrene-HPLC

Sr. No.

Parameter Sampling Date (in the year 2011)

2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7 1) Volatile Organic Compounds

a) Methanol b) Ethanol c) Acetone d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) f) Butanol g) Chloroform h) CCl4 i) Benzene j) Methyl isobutylketone k) Toluene l) P-Xylene m) M –Xylene n)O-Xylene o) EthylMethylKetone

13.66

Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

14.52 3.45 Nil

3.15 1.05 1.23 Nil Nil

8.16

2.11 Nil Nil Nil 3.8 Nil

0.80 4.50 Nil

3.91 0.90 0.79 0.55 Nil

12.42


13.21 2.95 Nil

2.84 1.17 1.26 Nil Nil

7.41 2.56 Nil Nil Nil 3.2 Nil

0.76 3.97 Nil

3.17 0.96 0.87 0.62 Nil

13.55


14.34 3.97 Nil

3.52 2.73 2.36 Nil Nil

8.12 3.47 Nil Nil Nil

4.30 Nil

1.43 4.21 Nil

4.11 1.04 1.01 1.05 Nil

Conc of VOCs 37.06μg/m3

25.52 μg/m3

33.85μg/m3

23.52 μg/m3

40.47 μg/m3

28.74μg/m3

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 120

Name of Cluster GIDC, Sarigam, Valsad Sampling Location MeckloyedPharma, Road No.: 25, GIDC Sarigam Methodology VOC- GC-FID

Benzo-a-Pyrene -HPLC

Sr. No.


3/5 17/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7

1) Volatile Organic Compounds a) Methanol b) Ethanol c) Acetone d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) f) Butanol g) Chloroform h) CCl4 i) Benzene j) Methyl isobutylketone k) Toluene l) P-Xylene m) M –Xylene n)O-Xylene o) EthylMethylKetone

1.03 4.61 10.76 Nil Nil Nil Nil 15.52 6.14 12.46 4.11 4.03 1.48 1.32 Nil

Nil 12.14 11.16 Nil Nil 0.51

Nil 8.32 Nil

10.08 16.27 10.11 3.24 5.19 Nil

1.06

3.92 9.98 Nil Nil Nil Nil

15.24 6.32

11.67 4.17 3.83 1.28 1.12 Nil

Nil

11.94 11.25

Nil Nil

0.49 Nil

8.14 Nil

10.15 15.76 10.27 3.34 5.04 Nil

2.07

4.51 10.44

Nil Nil Nil Nil

16.14 7.28

12.35 5.64 4.23 2.16 2.07 Nil

Nil 12.74 12.36

Nil Nil

1.12 Nil

9.14 Nil

11.24 16.37 11.57 4.42 6.09 Nil

Conc of VOCs 61.46 μg/m3

77.02 μg/m3

58.59 μg/m3

76.38 μg/m3

66.89 μg/m3

85.05μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 121

Name of Cluster Hazira Area, Surat Sampling Location IchachhaporeVillage Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


6/5 13/5 3/6 17/6 8/7 15/7


3.14 Nil Nil Nil

7.14 Nil Nil Nil

2.86 Nil

3.32 8.15 3.81 2.9 1.1

2.67

Nil 1.1

3.65 2.21 1.04 Nil

4.55 4.3 Nil

4.94 1.1

1.23 1.55 Nil

2.88 Nil Nil Nil

6.72 Nil Nil Nil

2.41 Nil

3.63 7.54 2.46 2.7 1.5

2.52 Nil

1.04 3.37 2.11 1.42 Nil

3.86 4.7 Nil

4.45 1.06 1.37 1.23 Nil

3.67 Nil Nil Nil

7.49 Nil Nil Nil

3.64 Nil

4.73 8.65 3.47 3.2 2.5

3.62 Nil

2.87 4.69 3.26 2.47 Nil

4.68 5.3 Nil

5.52 2.09 2.76 2.39 Nil

Conc of VOCs 32.42μg/m3

28.34 μg/m3

29.84 μg/m3

27.13 μg/m3

37.35 μg/m3

39.65 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 122

Name of Cluster GIDC, Sachin, Surat Sampling Location Hi – Choice Processors Pvt. Ltd. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7


19.81 Nil

14.25 21.19 17.36

Nil Nil

7.64 6.53 Nil

29.11 9.23

13.11 12.88

Nil

Nil 26.13 21.25 22.33

Nil Nil

11.57 14.25 6.54 Nil Nil

25.19 2.12 1.82 Nil

18.71 Nil

13.15 20.62

16.25Nil Nil

6.97 5.82 Nil

28.13 8.36

12.54 11.68

Nil -

Nil 25.34 20.37 21.43

Nil Nil

10.77 13.27 6.62 Nil Nil

24.41 2.15 1.91 Nil

19.27 Nil

14.69 21.61 17.37

Nil Nil

7.82 6.57 Nil

29.26 9.27

13.56 12.87

Nil

Nil 26.31 21.47 22.34

Nil Nil

11.57 14.56 7.67 Nil Nil

25.42 3.14 2.87 Nil


131.2 μg/m3

142.23 μg/m3

126.27 μg/m3

152.29μg/m3

135.35μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 123

Name of Cluster GIDC, Pandesara, Surat Sampling Location Pandesara GIDC Office Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


3/5 17/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7


12.81

4.44 3.27 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

12.37 Nil Nil

7.22 1.80 1.1 Nil

13.11

Nil 8.25 Nil Nil

2.35 Nil

7.53 5.22 Nil Nil

1.35 2.27 1.44 Nil

11.47


11.52 Nil Nil

7.38 1.43 1.09 Nil

12.64

Nil 7.85 Nil Nil

2.27 Nil

7.72 4.86 Nil Nil

1.29 2.14 1.32 Nil

12.76


12.42 Nil Nil

8.35 2.47 2.07 Nil

13.27

Nil 8.35 Nil Nil

3.16 Nil

8.67 5.74 Nil Nil

2.37 3.10 2.24 Nil


41.52 μg/m3

40.31 μg/m3

40.09 μg/m3

47.26 μg/m3

46.90 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 124

Name of Cluster GIDC, Ankleshwar, Bharuch Sampling Location Rallis (India) Ltd., Ankleshwar Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


2/5 17/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7


11.34 12.14 13.86

Nil 25.19

Nil 10.43 36.12 17.16 19.42 33.17 16.22

14.35 15.42

Nil

Nil

21.35 18.21

Nil Nil

31.41 17.43 12.38 6.66 Nil

46.11 Nil

7.23 15.28

Nil

10.32 12.26 13.24

Nil 24.87

Nil 10.54 35.36 16.47 18.42 32.47 15.97 14.41 16.24

Nil

Nil

20.54 17.38

Nil Nil

30.45 16.33 11.51 5.34 Nil

45.11 Nil

6.74 14.83

Nil

11.45 13.22 14.17

Nil 25.31

Nil 11.08 36.14 17.22 19.07 33.37 16.14 15.33 17.07

Nil

Nil

21.32 18..09

Nil Nil

31.74 17.21 12.35 6.17 Nil

46.24 Nil

7.54 15.26

Nil


176.06 μg/m3

220.57 μg/m3

168.23 μg/m3

229.57 μg/m3

175.92μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 125

Name of Cluster Jagadia Industrial Estate, Bharuch Sampling Location DCM ShreeramPharma Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


7/5 21/5 11/6 18/6 9/7 16/7


5.13 Nil

3.03 Nil

10.66 Nil Nil


1.03 1.21 Nil

1.21 0.9

1.02 4.87 Nil

5.31 Nil

9.54 4.42 Nil

8.36 Nil Nil Nil Nil

4.24 Nil

3.10 Nil

10.58 Nil Nil


1.15 1.37 Nil

1.27 0.7

1.12 4.71 Nil

5.69 Nil

8.41 3.97 Nil


5.14 Nil

4.27 Nil

11.36 Nil Nil


2.07 2.14 Nil

2.08 0.9

2.01 5.23 Nil

6.47 Nil

9.25 4.64 Nil



35.63 μg/m3

28.65μg/m3

33.49 μg/m3

34.57μg/m3

38.82μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 126

Name of Cluster Dahej Area, Bharuch Sampling Location Gujarat Alkali Chemical Ltd. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.

Parameter Sampling Date(in the year 2011)

2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7


6.68 Nil

1.24 Nil

7.35 Nil Nil Nil

7.16 22.13 5.63 3.62 2.37 3.86 Nil

19.84

Nil 2.24 Nil

15.16 Nil Nil

2.54 6.92 Nil Nil

1.93 2.35 2.25 Nil

6.14 Nil

1.97 Nil

7.66 Nil Nil Nil

6.72 21.67 5.24 3.17 2.73 2.81 Nil

18.64

Nil 2.47 Nil

14.56 Nil Nil

2.17 5.69 Nil Nil

1.28 2.12 2.27 Nil

7.23 Nil

2.07 Nil

8.34 Nil Nil Nil

8.03 23.41 6.27 4.36 3.47 4.59 Nil

19.37

Nil 3.48 Nil

15.37 Nil Nil

3.25 6.67 Nil Nil

2.12 3.07 3.09 Nil


53.23 μg/m3

58.11μg/m3

49.20μg/m3

67.77μg/m3

56.42μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 127

Name of Cluster GIDC, Panoli, Bharuch Sampling Location Hikal Ltd., Plot No. 629-630 Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.

Parameter Sampling Date(in the year 2011)

4/5 18/5 8/6 22/6 6/7 20/7


15.36 11.14 42.31 42.12

Nil 14.51

Nil 30.27 10.12

Nil 29.41 15.53 12.37 13.02

Nil

29.32 Nil Nil Nil

15.31 Nil Nil

33.57 11.36

Nil 41.26 18.17 21.13 12.74

Nil

14.27 12.18 41.32 41.04

Nil 13.64

Nil 30.46 10.53

Nil 28.76 14.28 11.37 13.22

Nil

28.32 Nil Nil Nil

16.31 Nil Nil

32.75 11.42

Nil 40.37 17.75 20.17 11.74

Nil

15.32 13.04 42.26 42.09

Nil 14.12

Nil 31.26 11.08

Nil 29.62 15.24 12.37 14.31

Nil

29.26 Nil Nil Nil

17.28 Nil Nil

33.27 12.35

Nil 41.27 18.67 21.34 12.04

Nil


182.86 μg/m3

231.07μg/m3

178.83μg/m3

240.71μg/m3

185.48μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 128

Name of Cluster ECP Office, NR. IPCL, Vadodara Sampling Location ECPL Pump House, ChikuWadi, Baroda Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


6/5 20/5 10/6 24/6 8/7 22/7


Nil

13.21 15.23

Nil 15.23

Nil Nil

1.73 1.2 Nil

11.53 2.78 1.26 1.18 Nil

Nil

12.46 18.20

Nil Nil Nil

4.21 5.34 2.1 Nil Nil

8.75 12.35 8.41 Nil

Nil

12.56 14.37

Nil 14.23

Nil Nil

1.64 1.4 Nil

10.57 2.23 1.64 1.10 Nil

Nil

11.67 17.50

Nil Nil Nil

4.38 5.47 2.7 Nil Nil

7.43 11.57 7.92 Nil

Nil

13.44 15.20

Nil 15.35

Nil Nil

2.17 2.09 Nil

11.72 3.16 2.38 2.12 Nil

Nil

12.65 18.57

Nil Nil Nil

5.24 6.34 3.4 Nil Nil

8.21 12.64 8.61 Nil


71.82 μg/m3

59.74 μg/m3

68.64 μg/m3

67.63μg/m3

75.66 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 129

Name of Cluster Nandesari, Vadodara Sampling Location Nandesari Common Effluent Treatment Plant Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


7/5 21/5 11/6 25/6 9/7 23/7


1.34 2.10 Nil Nil

12.33 12.45

Nil 4.55 2.13 Nil

18.34 1.2

1.43 1.51 Nil

8.21 Nil

5.42 Nil

16.51 13.23

Nil Nil

4.65 Nil

11.23 6.35 5.71 4.92 Nil

1.76 2.92 Nil Nil

12.67 12.82

Nil 3.74 2.80 Nil

17.61 1.9

1.68 1.97 Nil

7.58 Nil

5.71 Nil

15.24 12.36

Nil Nil

4.51 Nil

10.92 6.14 5.43 4.76 Nil

2.46 3.47 Nil Nil

13.56 13.64

Nil 5.26 3.47 Nil

19.27 1.9

2.07 2.34 Nil

8.54 Nil

6.35 Nil

16.37 13.57

Nil Nil

5.37 Nil

11.74 7.87 6.34 5.24 Nil


76.23 μg/m3

59.87 μg/m3

72.65 μg/m3

67.44 μg/m3

81.39μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 130

Name of Cluster Savli, Vadodara Sampling Location Lubrizol Advanced Materials India Pvt. Ltd. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


5/5 19/5 9/6 23/6 7/7 21/7


1.39 1.52 2.81 Nil Nil Nil Nil

9.42 4.1 Nil

5.31 1.23 1.06 1.31 1.02

2.78 3.10 5.76 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

7.02 5.15 7.13 1.22 1.35 1.43 3.14


7.95 5.1 Nil

4.18 1.75 1.28 1.01 1.38


6.74 4.24 9.81 1.08 1.54 1.85 2.98


10.22 4.9 Nil

6.33 1.87 1.11 1.84 1.37


8.21 5.99 8.14 1.87 1.79 1.94 3.85


38.08 μg/m3

29.27μg/m3

39.72μg/m3

34.69μg/m3

44.58μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 131

Name of Cluster Ekalbara, Vadodara Sampling Location Above Mahuvad Fire Station, Near Transpec Company Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


6/5 20/5 10/6 24/6 8/7 22/7


11.12

Nil 3.13 Nil

2.64 Nil Nil

16.66 5.12 Nil

10.66 8.91 7.65 7.84 Nil

13.52

Nil 7.21 Nil

5.31 Nil Nil

13.73 4.90 Nil

10.12 7.53 8.31 8.11 Nil

11.36

Nil 3.07 Nil

2.16 Nil Nil

15.42 5.17 Nil

10.36 8.51 6.25 6.78 Nil

12.54

Nil 7.14 Nil

4.93 Nil Nil

13.21 4.62 Nil

9.86 7.16 8.11 7.74 Nil

12.54

Nil 3.91 Nil

2.97 Nil Nil

16.37 5.98 Nil

11.32 9.64 6.73 7.38 Nil

12.97

Nil 7.88 Nil

5.57 Nil Nil

14.79 5.74 Nil

10.47 7.94 8.76 8.79 Nil


78.74 μg/m3

69.08 μg/m3

75.31 μg/m3

76.84μg/m3

82.91μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 132

Name of Cluster GIDC, Odhav, Ahmedabad Sampling Location Odhav Industrial Association, L-203, GIDC Estate Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


12/5 26/5 7/6 21/6 9/7 23/7


9.32 10.11 21.14

Nil 16.15

Nil 8.12

14.26 2.34 Nil Nil

6.67 6.96 5.84 Nil

8.33 7.43

18.53 Nil

12.14 Nil

10.43 16.26 3.45 Nil Nil

5.66 7.10 5.96 Nil

9.14 10.07 20.87

Nil 15.10

Nil 8.25

13.47 2.14 Nil Nil

6.27 6.31 5.26 Nil

8.14 7.28

17.19 Nil

12.27 Nil

10.13 15.75 3.14 Nil Nil

5.36 6.64 5.18 Nil

9.87 10.88 21.69

Nil 15.84

Nil 8.94

14.57 3.24 Nil Nil

6.88 6.94 6.94 Nil

9.10 8.12

18.27 Nil

13.09 Nil

11.35 16.27 4.26 Nil Nil

6.28 7.18 6.57 Nil


95.29 μg/m3

96.88 μg/m3

91.08 μg/m3

105.79 μg/m3

100.49 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 133

Name of Cluster GIDC, Naroda, Ahmedabad Sampling Location Udhyog Nagar Police Chowki, Naroda GIDC Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


5/5 19/5 6/6 20/6 7/7 21/7


3.53 Nil


10.34 5.81 Nil

21.21 8.76 6.66 6.12 Nil

6.63 Nil


13.12 5.21 Nil

26.34 10.72 9.88

10.32 Nil

3.47 Nil


10.17 5.49 Nil

21.07 8.22 6.34 6.37 Nil

6.41 Nil


12.87 5.14 Nil

25.16 10.24 9.34

10.17 Nil

4.11 Nil


11.79 6.57 Nil

21.92 9.14 7.26 7.24 Nil

7.22 Nil


13.54 6.17 Nil

26.58 11.47 10.52 10.79

Nil


104.61 μg/m3

76.12 μg/m3

100.94 μg/m3

84.64μg/m3

109.35μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 134

Name of Cluster GIDC, Vatva, Ahmedabad Sampling Location Vatva Industrial Association, GIDC Estate Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


6/5 20/5 7/6 21/6 8/7 22/7


18.23

Nil 7.15 Nil

10.24 Nil Nil

9.85 8.23 Nil

21.16 13.12 11.19 13.12

Nil

10.23

Nil 6.67 Nil

9.43 Nil Nil

7.53 6.91 Nil

19.26 12.43 14.12 15.21

Nil

17.14

Nil 7.02 Nil

10.16 Nil Nil

9.47 8.17 Nil

20.76 12.16 11.04 12.74

Nil

10.12

Nil 6.34 Nil

9.22 Nil Nil

7.24 6.73 Nil

18.62 12.47 13.62 14.21

Nil

17.90

Nil 7.84 Nil

11.37 Nil Nil

10.17 8.95 Nil

21.48 13.46 11.75 13.37

Nil

10.88

Nil 7.67 Nil

10.75 Nil Nil

7.96 7.26 Nil

19.45 13.86 14.54 14.82

Nil


101.79 μg/m3

108.66μg/m3

98.57μg/m3

116.29μg/m3

107.19μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 135

Name of Cluster Changodar – Bavala (Kerala GIDC), Ahmedabad Sampling Location Gmbell Healthcare (India) Pvt. Ltd. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


9/5 23/5 13/6 20/6 14/7 21/7


15.12

Nil 9.32 4.16 Nil

8.73 9.34 7.32 5.63 Nil

21.17 8.11 6.59 5.78 Nil

10.11

Nil 7.02 5.14 Nil

10.73 11.21 8.37 5.25 Nil

18.17 6.73 4.56 7.36 Nil

14.12

Nil 9.24 4.06 Nil

8.31 9.14 7.22 4.63 Nil

20.17 7.71 6.39 5.28 Nil

9.51 Nil

6.84 5.21 Nil

10.23 10.61 8.17 5.05 Nil

17.57 6.33 4.23 7.16 Nil

14.83

Nil 9.76 4.77 Nil

9.25 10.07 8.35 5.31 Nil

21.74 8.64 7.32 6.24 Nil

10.13

Nil 5.97 6.07 Nil

10.84 11.23 8.76 5.89 Nil

16.67 7.14 4.82 7.71 Nil


94.65 μg/m3

96.27 μg/m3

90.91 μg/m3

106.28μg/m3

95.23μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 136

Name of Cluster GIDC, Chhatral, Kalol Sampling Location Sairam Industries, Chhatral GIDC, Gandhinagar Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


7/5 21/5 8/6 22/6 6/7 20/7


5.12 Nil

6.32 5.83 9.18 Nil Nil

8.63 5.74 6.33 9.58 9.23 7.64 8.13 Nil

6.73 Nil

9.35 8.44 7.83 Nil Nil

11.62 4.97 8.21

11.32 8.11 9.34 7.56 Nil

4.82 Nil

6.15 5.33 8.78 Nil Nil

8.43 5.14 6.13 9.08 9.13 7.24 8.03 Nil

6.43 Nil

9.15 8.04 7.18 Nil Nil

11.24 4.77 7.51

11.23 7.84 9.13 7.21 Nil

5.22 Nil

6.87 5.94 9.14 Nil Nil

8.92 5.67 6.73 9.78 9.86 7.83 7.56 Nil

7.16 Nil

9.73 8.97 7.88 Nil Nil

11.75 5.17 8.12

11.76 8.24 9.25 7.69 Nil


93.48 μg/m3

78.26 μg/m3

89.73 μg/m3

83.52μg/m3

95.72μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 137

Name of Cluster Sanand Area Sampling Location Loxim Industries Limited, Iyava Village, Sanand Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


7/5 21/5 11/6 25/6 6/7 20/7


1.1 Nil

5.46 3.47 2.31 Nil

4.56 2.74 2.33 Nil

8.41 2.14 3.12 2.19 Nil

1.72

Nil 12.43

Nil Nil Nil

7.83 6.21

3.75 Nil

9.63. 4.37 3.93 3.51 Nil

1.3 Nil

5.14 2.97 2.11 Nil

4.24 2.43 2.13 Nil

7.61 2.07 3.10 2.08 Nil

1.52 Nil

11.75 Nil Nil Nil

7.33 6.01 3.25 Nil

9.23. 4.17 3.24 3.21 Nil

1.9 Nil

4.97 2.13 2.68 Nil

4.78 1.87 2.74 Nil

8.23 2.64 3.82 2.74 Nil

1.67 Nil

12.17 Nil Nil Nil

7.84 6.79 3.57 Nil

10.24 4.75 3.67 3.89 Nil


43.75 μg/m3

35.18 μg/m3

49.71 μg/m3

38.5 μg/m3

54.59 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 138

Name of Cluster Aji Vasahat / Morbi – Wankaner Sampling Location Near AjiVasahat, GIDC Rajkot Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


6/5 20/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7


3.06 Nil

12.07 Nil Nil

6.08 11.09 14.12 4.18 Nil

15.67 2.43 2.13 2.52 Nil

4.25 Nil

14.15 1.1 Nil

4.67 16.32 12.85 5.12 Nil

18.13 6.41 5.93

10.12 Nil

3.01 Nil

11.67 Nil Nil

5.88 10.67 13.71 4.05 Nil

15.57 2.13 1.84 2.12 Nil

4.17 Nil

13.75 1.07 Nil

4.24 16.11 12.23 5.07 Nil

17.83 6.17 5.32

10.04 Nil

3.74 Nil

12.67 Nil Nil

6.34 11.44 14.34 4.76 Nil

15.81 2.66 2.14 2.61 Nil

4.76 Nil

14.22 1.87 Nil

4.67 16.83 12.82 5.97 Nil

18.30 6.77 5.64

10.69 Nil


99.05 μg/m3

70.65 μg/m3

96.00 μg/m3

76.51μg/m3

102.54μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 139

Name of Cluster MotiKhavadi, Jamnagar Sampling Location HirabhaiSolanki’s Terrace, Near Water Tank Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


9/5 23/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7


1.43 Nil

11.46 2.10 3.34 3.12 4.33 5.23 5.31 Nil

12.34 8.24 6.52 7.89 Nil

1.23 Nil

10.2 1.33 1.57 1.55 4.65 2.92 4.65 Nil

8.54 9.23

11.54 6.47 Nil

1.17 Nil

11.09 1.90 3.13 2.87 4.16 5.03 5.12 Nil

12.14 8.09 6.11 7.10 Nil

1.03 Nil

9.62 1.07 1.14 1.25 4.17 2.23 4.31 Nil

8.30 9.07

11.26 6.15 Nil

1.78 Nil

11.83 2.14 4.25 3.10 4.67 5.96 5.64 Nil

12.57 8.78 6.87 7.94 Nil

1.27 Nil

9.79 1.77 1.84 1.64 4.57 2.93 5.64 Nil

8.57 9.96

12.34 6.54 Nil


63.88 μg/m3

67.91 μg/m3

59.60 μg/m3

75.53μg/m3

66.86μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 140

Name of Cluster GIDC, Chitra, Bhavnagar Sampling Location Plot No. 279 Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


5/5 19/5 9/6 23/6 7/7 21/7


3.62 1.33 4.26 Nil

1.81 Nil 2.3

7.35 5.23 Nil

10.2 4.03 5.33 4.62 Nil

3.39

2.14 4.21 Nil Nil

2.53 Nil

8.24 5.74 Nil

8.32 3.32 4.21 6.34 Nil

3.24 1.07 3.82 Nil

1.26 Nil 2.1

7.09 5.11 Nil

9.76 3.73 5.04 4.22 Nil

3.18 1.76 3.84 Nil Nil

2.32 Nil

8.03 5.16 Nil

8.09 3.11 3.67 6.21 Nil

4.12 1.65 4.37 Nil

1.86 Nil 3.2

7.72 5.84 Nil

10.24 4.28 5.67 5.04 Nil

2.87 1.24 3.31 Nil Nil

2.64 Nil

8.76 5.61 Nil

8.84 3.92 3.14 6.65 Nil


48.44 μg/m3

46.44 μg/m3

45.37 μg/m3

53.99μg/m3

46.98 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 141

Name of Cluster Mundra, Kutch Sampling Location Amrut Chamber, Baroi Road, Mundra. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


9/5 23/5 7/6 21/6 7/7 21/7


10.12

4.47 5.21 Nil

11.31 Nil

1.74 6.61 6.12 Nil

2.12 1.34 1.14 1.36 Nil

12.07 5.13 1.08

16.13 11.27

Nil Nil

4.04 5.06 Nil

12.46 2.46 3.20 4.21 2.07

9.82 4.17 5.10 Nil

11.03 Nil

1.44 6.27 5.86 Nil

1.84 1.13 1.07 1.22 Nil

11.87 5.02 1.01

15.73 11.04

Nil Nil

3.62 4.97 Nil

12.06 2.07 2.03 4.12 1.77

4.12 1.65 4.37 Nil

1.86 Nil 3.2

7.72 5.84 Nil

10.24 4.28 5.67 5.04 Nil

2.87 1.24 3.31 Nil Nil

2.64 Nil

8.76 5.61 Nil

8.84 3.92 3.14 6.65 Nil


79.18 μg/m3

48.95 μg/m3

75.31 μg/m3

53.99 μg/m3

46.98 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 142

Name of Cluster Anjar, Kutch Sampling Location Gangotri, Plot No. 3, Anjar. Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


4/5 18/5 8/6 22/6 5/7 19/7


4.33 1.23 Nil

22.13 18.35 4.25 Nil

11.27 6.35 Nil

17.23 5.46 4.57 5.21 3.06

13.21 8.23 1.25

10.34 13.11

Nil Nil

5.36 3.45 Nil

12.14 5.47 5.83 4.64 Nil

4.21 1.09 Nil

21.84 18.14 4.06 Nil

11.14 6.12 Nil

16.84 5.20 4.14 5.01 2.04

13.10 8.12 1.10 9.76

12.62 Nil Nil

5.06 3.12 Nil

11.84 4.76 5.13 4.34 Nil

9.24 4.57 5.67 Nil

11.47 Nil

1.86 6.74 6.27 Nil

2.37 1.95 1.72 1.84

Nil

12.10 5.87 1.63

16.54 11.89

Nil Nil

4.25 5.22 Nil

12.81 2.67 2.96 4.47 2.14


83.03 μg/m3

99.83 μg/m3

78.95 μg/m3

53.70μg/m3

82.55μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 143

Name of Cluster Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Kutch Sampling Location LunvaBhachau, Kutch Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


5/5 19/5 6/6 20/6 6/7 20/7


1.32

12.20 Nil Nil

8.11 Nil Nil

12.47 5.21 Nil

20.12 3.03 2.13 2.54 Nil

Nil

18.32 1.14 Nil

5.41 Nil Nil

11.26 4.84 Nil

13.52 2.61 3.22 3.35 Nil

1.16

11.73 Nil Nil

7.84 Nil Nil

11.75 5.07 Nil

19.72 2.76 1.85 2.06

Ni

Nil

18.07 1.10 Nil

5.13 Nil Nil

10.64 4.41 Nil

13.12 2.17 3.07 3.13 Nil

4.65 1.78 Nil

22.14 19.03 4.62 Nil

12.86 6.59 Nil

17.09 5.71 4.57 5.82 2.68

13.43 8.76 1.59

10.24 13.57

Nil Nil

5.73 3.67 Nil

12.59 5.37 6.34 5.72 Nil


63.67 μg/m3

63.94 μg/m3

60.84 μg/m3

107.54μg/m3

87.01μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure – III


Page 144

Name of Cluster Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Kutch Sampling Location LunvaBhachau, Kutch Methodology VOC- GC-FID


Sr. No.


5/5 18/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7


1.32

12.20 Nil Nil

8.11 Nil Nil

12.47 5.21 Nil

20.12 3.03 2.13 2.54 Nil

13.21 8.23 1.25

10.34 13.11

Nil Nil

5.36 3.45 Nil

12.14 5.47 5.83 4.64 Nil

1.16

11.73 Nil Nil

7.84 Nil Nil

11.75 5.07 Nil

19.72 2.76 1.85 2.06 Nil

Nil

18.07 1.10 Nil

5.13 Nil Nil

10.64 4.41 Nil

13.12 2.17 3.07 3.13 Nil

1.68

12.27 Nil Nil

8.13 Nil Nil

12.10 5.73 Nil

20.34 3.04 2.07 2.81 Nil

Nil

17.23 1.76 Nil

5.31 Nil Nil

11.78 5.07 Nil

13.69 2.63 3.74 3.61 Nil


83.03 μg/m3

63.94μg/m3

60.84 μg/m3

68.17μg/m3

64.82 μg/m3


<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

<0.5 ng/m3

Annexure IV State of Air Environment

Page 145

Annexure ‐ IV

Vehicles Population as on 31st March for the Years : 1996‐1997 TO 2010‐2011

Sr. N

o.

Office

Year

GOODS VEHICLES PASSENGER VEHICLES

Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

1

AHMED

ABA

D

1996

‐1997

22782

2276

5092

13426

21757

92

66

617

713

630

103907

5185

14174

42829

474359

151296

19263

13774

1889

894127

1997

‐1998

23974

2501

6552

14087

21853

220

68

646

769

651

114699

5471

15471

45225

522670

162590

20822

14797

2182

975248

1998

‐1999

24643

2612

7932

14621

22008

286

73

667

772

662

124538

5680

16369

47749

572405

176101

22384

15833

2498

105783

3

1999

‐2000

25346

2727

14061

10400

22208

341

79

696

776

691

139246

5695

17275

49886

627993

189333

23769

16677

2920

115011

9

2000

‐2001

25744

2789

15089

10709

22229

366

102

707

781

714

150810

5757

17823

51100

669778

200601

24497

17125

3209

121993

0

2001

‐2002

26314

2815

16113

10969

21994

409

111

714

797

731

161854

5823

18352

51876

720269

209379

25422

17436

3504

129488

2

2002

‐2003

26821

2868

17127

11600

22081

438

116

726

797

759

173781

5972

19165

53608

785401

217016

26765

17768

3716

1386525

2003

‐2004

27370

2918

18791

11699

22227

668

148

738

797

788

186995

6133

20194

56097

865897

224608

27493

18024

4101

1495686

2004

‐2005

27969

2959

21369

12149

22319

969

177

761

813

821

201612

6407

21038

58700

971006

231822

28754

18479

4544

1632668

2005

‐2006

28658

2993

24441

12630

22753

1209

244

803

819

838

216782

6818

21704

77896

1069696

237411

30236

19182

5115

1780228

2006

‐2007

29533

3027

28529

13621

23068

1500

274

841

821

872

236008

7095

22336

90918

1180576

242090

31783

19997

5629

1938518

2007

‐2008

30294

3060

31817

15050

23275

1823

316

890

822

893

257739

7398

23657

98386

1280457

246776

33407

21041

6474

2083575

2008

‐2009

30830

3124

34685

16446

23552

2334

345

932

837

934

282804

7912

25003

105432

1362665

248601

35303

21959

7326

2211024

2009

‐2010

31437

3220

38514

18439

23739

2751

405

970

840

961

309039

8448

30016

115699

1462419

266103

37094

23071

8288

2381453

2010

‐2011

32612

3303

42776

21710

24142

3256

440

984

840

989

353412

9045

30176

128240

160624

1

269417

39636

24166

9187

260057

2


Page 146


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

2

MEH

SANA

1996

‐1997

11074

515

1139

1500

352 0 7 249

74

92

8102

2841

10075

9628

71322

15875

21900

15205

267

170217

1997

‐1998

12004

587

1505

1552

380 0 7 266

74

94

9311

2788

11121

10974

80768

17184

23913

16450

310

189288

1998

‐1999

12437

606

1982

1668

442 0 12

275

74

94

10428

2869

12234

12419

92513

18855

26371

17776

337

211392

1999

‐2000

12815

637

2322

1852

474 0 16

285

74

100

12352

2916

13359

13596

104824

20859

28373

18908

383

234145

2000

‐2001

13005

667

2513

1921

490 0 16

297

75

105

13525

2912

13846

14180

111488

22010

29354

19497

477

246378

2001

‐2002

13218

697

2714

1997

512 0 17

301

78

111

14834

2955

14213

14421

119769

23024

30180

19852

537

259430

2002

‐2003

13444

717

2938

2061

556 0 19

302

78

119

16398

3085

14607

14912

129682

24056

31028

20230

597

274829

2003

‐2004

13818

758

3267

2151

642

73

23

302

79

123

17828

3260

15098

15443

139833

24911

31448

20501

645

290203

2004

‐2005

14135

829

3836

2286

667

275

26

302

79

129

19775

3252

15549

15936

153950

25657

32297

20795

737

310512

2005

‐2006

14514

867

4514

2436

709

499

33

302

79

133

21711

3305

15798

16331

168430

26129

33270

21292

823

331175

2006

‐2007

14964

884

5326

2635

743

751

48

309

81

135

23658

3481

16086

16753

184691

26367

34259

21804

853

353828

2007

‐2008

15530

917

5919

2801

769

1129

59

309

81

135

25939

3535

16389

17634

199969

26392

35211

22237

949

375904

2008

‐2009

15768

1089

6398

2935

831

1329

66

311

81

135

28339

3913

16706

19257

215333

26524

36099

22680

1054

398848

2009

‐2010

16126

1190

6746

3323

867

1476

79

312

81

135

31071

3943

16963

20590

233733

26533

36881

23249

1269

424567

2010

‐2011

16491

1362

7106

4205

910

1555

114

329

81

139

35228

4028

17131

22451

255931

26538

38373

23880

1474

457326


Page 147


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars & Station

Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/ Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

3

RAJKOT

1996

‐1997

12450

1128

85

10882

1520

10

107

121

149

159

18781

2301

3426

4454

121667

128393

11022

12083

840

329578

1997

‐1998

13282

1140

1287

11453

1537

75

114

123

160

168

21065

2319

3658

5110

137118

142404

12395

13631

882

367921

1998

‐1999

13732

1156

2624

11939

1614

81

119

147

166

181

22721

2345

3870

6011

155646

159781

13874

15095

914

412016

1999

‐2000

14012

1175

10171

6233

1644

84

125

159

170

190

25290

2322

4033

6488

175408

173675

14700

16173

1004

453056

2000

‐2001

14202

1186

10904

6410

1665

86

128

164

177

198

27251

2341

4169

6681

188780

181801

15051

16666

1157

479017

2001

‐2002

14406

1217

11906

6614

1688

90

136

164

192

209

29465

2354

4300

6934

212759

191638

15625

17470

1266

518433

2002

‐2003

14773

1279

12508

6789

1812

113

140

172

189

216

32011

2421

4422

7464

236335

200693

16030

17945

1341

556653

2003

‐2004

15371

1378

13474

7110

2000

215

150

190

200

238

34911

2492

4571

8216

272964

207604

16418

18378

1454

607334

2004

‐2005

15996

1438

14872

7475

2181

363

168

202

206

246

38408

2549

4711

8944

328001

212449

17009

19061

1656

675935

2005

‐2006

16976

1467

15923

7859

2357

551

198

229

216

276

42415

2612

4849

9717

377859

217412

18187

20161

1961

741225

2006

‐2007

18385

1486

17376

8393

2395

804

222

237

220

291

49048

2800

4864

10323

436764

221388

19906

21361

2214

818477

2007

‐2008

19433

1537

18813

9204

2578

1060

232

251

220

301

55734

3017

4881

10983

490118

225491

21576

23151

2669

891249

2008

‐2009

19899

1605

20019

10092

2653

1243

309

271

220

322

61999

3104

4886

13325

544474

228604

23100

25074

2987

964186

2009

‐2010

20517

1717

21457

10861

2724

1431

366

271

220

330

71018

3213

4886

15515

604761

232203

25214

26876

3529

1047109

2010

‐2011

21397

1780

22903

11800

2862

1635

435

292

220

352

86848

3522

4886

17568

675431

242251

28512

28927

4261

1155882


Page 148


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

4

BHAVNAGAR

1996

‐1997

2829

273

1725

3669

416 1 25

34

16

71

5318

595

1465

3788

57566

64508

8319

9062

139

159819

1997

‐1998

3047

287

2600

3803

471 6 30

35

17

81

5992

612

1703

4262

64257

71576

9180

9868

159

177986

1998

‐1999

3250

309

3449

3919

492

12

43

47

17

88

6502

632

1859

4786

72184

79485

10010

10710

173

197967

1999

‐2000

3369

323

6415

1815

531

16

48

50

18

96

7453

637

1996

5270

82120

87250

10515

11260

211

219393

2000

‐2001

3397

327

6723

1864

532

19

53

56

18

100

8211

661

2081

5568

89044

91203

10871

11626

270

232624

2001

‐2002

3419

333

7157

1890

556

21

56

56

19

101

8817

658

2199

5811

97178

94323

11115

11858

308

245875

2002

‐2003

3500

336

7596

2003

609

26

56

56

19

106

9492

680

2240

6196

108280

97208

11314

12018

329

262064

2003

‐2004

3598

337

8359

2157

686

49

66

58

21

115

10304

698

2288

6847

123212

99946

11497

12244

334

282816

2004

‐2005

3680

344

9060

2392

780

102

74

60

25

121

11304

732

2296

7406

138398

105405

11786

12458

352

306775

2005

‐2006

3927

365

9641

2586

820

203

89

64

25

123

12411

750

2294

8051

154829

111163

12365

12894

427

333027

2006

‐2007

4489

369

10789

2719

843

293

93

69

25

135

13791

789

2304

8792

170861

115081

13115

13777

492

358826

2007

‐2008

4800

371

11793

2937

898

412

96

79

25

143

15241

821

2304

9387

186636

117726

13992

14547

586

382794

2008

‐2009

5001

371

12687

3155

917

530

109

78

38

149

16563

867

2304

9803

201870

119706

14970

15268

712

405098

2009

‐2010

5310

375

13487

3484

959

703

116

78

38

152

18337

928

2304

10098

219337

120859

15833

16112

817

429327

2010

‐2011

5690

372

14733

3714

1018

920

129

79

38

164

21083

988

2304

10382

245211

122243

17121

17095

980

464264


Page 149


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

5

SURA

T

1996

‐1997

10057

479

34

12333

708

49

38

265

85

148

42678

1048

4997

22092

312764

102660

11301

7806

337

529879

1997

‐1998

10513

525

774

12875

786

51

46

268

85

156

47848

1054

5620

25731

343692

112484

11585

7967

382

582442

1998

‐1999

10918

548

1486

13404

857

55

49

272

85

163

52479

1070

6047

29180

381925

123313

11915

8117

410

642293

1999

‐2000

11329

559

11142

4928

927

67

56

274

85

166

59089

1059

6378

31801

423106

136427

12222

8285

423

708323

2000

‐2001

11664

588

11385

5533

948

69

63

276

93

178

65626

1113

6677

33432

456950

145633

12488

8473

461

761650

2001

‐2002

11884

613

11704

5932

908 7 86

292

101

192

71871

1286

7059

35667

497714

151858

12660

8573

476

818883

2002

‐2003

12443

635

11910

6721

936

41

120

297

102

210

79101

1446

7618

40103

555172

157756

12881

8743

609

896844

2003

‐2004

13195

645

12055

8166

1018

158

167

302

115

229

87514

1554

8380

44837

618691

163084

13049

8851

703

982713

2004

‐2005

13866

646

13349

8933

1059

300

234

307

121

247

97354

1670

9197

50769

700528

167948

13327

9002

832

108968

9

2005

‐2006

14718

673

15248

9502

1081

391

346

285

128

262

110236

1712

9885

57851

792077

172766

13814

9187

988

121115

0

2006

‐2007

16189

691

17113

10388

1111

514

429

331

132

276

123791

1781

10890

63456

887460

175489

14410

9427

1247

133512

5

2007

‐2008

18260

740

18640

11395

1289

602

493

339

137

294

137806

1889

11911

66067

964588

177354

14877

9640

1564

143788

5

2008

‐2009

19230

756

19913

12306

1350

677

531

346

137

307

149539

1910

12650

70152

102131

7

178339

15238

9785

1775

151625

8

2009

‐2010

20669

812

21548

13571

1417

746

594

361

143

343

165508

1964

13601

74814

109102

5

179375

15683

9999

2167

161434

0

2010

‐2011

22383

845

23933

15160

1556

851

644

379

148

369

189370

2070

14613

79980

119035

4

180545

16161

10242

2515

175211

8


Page 150


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

6

VADODARA

1996

‐1997

13009

3223

1317

8416

1053

0 24

1136

142

167

38931

3055

5517

19507

213982

104394

9846

6969

697

431385

1997

‐1998

13756

3442

1631

8845

1174

64

26

1155

152

167

43624

3378

5838

21411

231599

117026

10574

7409

725

471996

1998

‐1999

14186

3665

2030

9226

1312

137

26

1164

153

172

46917

3601

6194

23803

251747

131119

11379

7910

785

515526

1999

‐2000

14600

4090

2444

9574

1403

210

26

1173

159

172

53184

3614

6542

25516

275193

145701

12053

8431

841

564926

2000

‐2001

14838

4349

2635

9946

1452

267

26

1179

159

182

58612

3711

6705

26494

297724

155577

12426

8827

866

605975

2001

‐2002

14889

4506

2754

10287

1495

307

26

1182

182

182

64362

3801

6827

27242

324160

161837

12772

9092

899

646802

2002

‐2003

15052

4737

5367

8430

1558

341

29

1184

182

194

69600

4046

6949

28149

360801

168007

13236

9365

946

698173

2003

‐2004

15172

5028

5548

9605

1642

555

33

1192

182

207

75728

4418

7109

29040

398127

176128

13700

9685

1038

754137

2004

‐2005

15421

5414

6382

10892

1850

732

53

1213

182

234

82581

4693

7326

30056

438360

188297

14460

10028

1166

819340

2005

‐2006

16545

5728

7727

11417

1959

913

106

1271

182

259

89290

4970

7335

31549

478072

202679

15889

10895

1308

888094

2006

‐2007

17109

6187

9048

12508

2024

1100

127

1300

191

275

97116

5175

7518

34881

525814

216999

17821

12164

1600

968957

2007

‐2008

18020

6756

10166

13349

2055

1354

145

1325

191

318

105528

5397

8216

37355

565986

233246

19588

13442

2152

104458

9

2008

‐2009

18392

6922

11073

14315

2208

1639

179

1348

193

358

112954

5634

9227

39537

598532

249650

20987

14160

2665

110997

3

2009

‐2010

19130

7213

12018

15351

2323

1991

224

1370

202

410

123460

5952

10843

43600

641964

271798

22505

14771

3288

119841

3

2010

‐2011

19927

7377

14042

16785

2485

2447

229

1439

212

487

138154

6369

13427

48225

691506

292877

24406

15442

4001

129983

7


Page 151


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year

GOODS VEHICLES PASSENGER VEHICLES TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Auto Rickshaw

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

7

NADIAD

1996

‐1997

11491

456

2808

7240

502 2 9 89

51

94

20103

2497

3933

21469

114483

46935

25202

15490

115

272969

1997

‐1998

12321

535

3229

7836

545 4 9 97

61

100

22175

2551

4740

24865

126699

50498

27006

16572

121

299964

1998

‐1999

12591

546

3696

8211

581 4 9 100

65

107

23731

2578

5340

28864

140957

54132

28956

17650

124

328242

1999

‐2000

13069

569

4215

8712

640 6 9 103

67

115

26207

2570

6023

32017

157209

58479

30858

18704

132

359704

2000

‐2001

13308

577

4592

9003

661

15

12

106

76

124

28097

2578

6636

34077

170109

61823

32863

19580

148

384385

2001

‐2002

13415

584

4974

9201

668

26

16

99

84

133

29939

2583

7073

34997

184165

64500

34659

20055

163

407334

2002

‐2003

13565

589

5406

9520

675

39

18

99

84

138

31901

2600

7566

37069

199574

67181

36248

20436

185

432893

2003

‐2004

13662

594

5819

9827

694

62

18

101

84

141

32879

2605

7858

38342

208348

68267

36844

20659

212

447016

2004

‐2005

13716

595

6396

10052

697

110

18

99

91

143

33764

2618

8144

39339

218989

69060

37648

20847

228

462554

2005

‐2006

13774

601

7238

10326

718

151

23

100

98

149

34739

2627

8365

40327

231326

69640

38862

21250

311

480625

2006

‐2007

13949

604

8030

10777

713

208

32

101

101

156

35975

2631

8541

41110

244792

70082

40222

21848

357

500229

2007

‐2008

14083

607

8562

11313

723

258

40

101

101

163

37233

2647

8767

42193

256556

70513

41885

22452

410

518607

2008

‐2009

14127

614

8927

11693

722

321

53

101

101

184

38447

2644

8888

43913

267694

70823

43192

22904

420

535768

2009

‐2010

14279

615

9452

12061

739

393

60

101

104

203

40549

2676

9059

46749

283150

71272

44363

23388

426

559639

2010

‐2011

14382

617

10028

12676

780

517

60

101

104

210

43572

2705

9194

50859

302628

72104

45994

23967

440

590938


Page 152


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year

GOODS VEHICLES PASSENGER VEHICLES TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Auto Rickshaw

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

8

PALA

MPU

R

1996

‐1997

1248

168

220

1496

66

0 14

12

17

38

1439

574

3842

2982

17307

3622

13516

6496

14

53071

1997

‐1998

1369

172

284

1745

67

0 15

15

21

41

1623

528

4340

3306

19484

3969

15512

7357

18

59866

1998

‐1999

1474

174

385

2067

67

0 8 15

17

36

1817

512

4989

3780

23140

4562

18273

8459

20

69795

1999

‐2000

1635

179

479

2343

71

0 8 15

18

37

2227

504

5557

4177

27102

5273

20447

9408

22

79502

2000

‐2001

1709

180

531

2531

63

0 10

12

15

39

2789

482

5988

4466

29469

5837

21790

9947

32

85890

2001

‐2002

2028

185

610

2687

37

0 12

12

18

40

3266

477

6321

4643

32599

6364

23050

10361

38

92748

2002

‐2003

2448

185

693

2898

41

1 13

12

34

41

3796

489

6601

4922

36350

6889

24504

10753

53

100723

2003

‐2004

2689

185

929

3069

52

100

16

15

35

41

4395

558

7165

5224

40471

7449

25226

11042

60

108721

2004

‐2005

2863

185

1611

3069

63

147

34

18

47

41

5173

643

7962

5508

46589

7913

26961

11515

82

120424

2005

‐2006

3197

187

2178

3346

67

249

34

18

47

45

6032

700

8464

5935

54546

8633

29469

12418

108

135673

2006

‐2007

3541

187

2798

3593

74

364

34

18

47

46

6807

764

8944

6452

63372

9454

31751

12984

133

151363

2007

‐2008

3777

187

3224

3593

74

426

34

18

47

49

7941

777

9326

6878

71663

9454

33770

13641

171

165050

2008

‐2009

3922

187

3629

3593

74

490

34

18

47

49

8820

777

9886

7298

80626

9454

35303

14506

195

178908

2009

‐2010

4199

187

4169

3593

74

594

34

18

47

49

10382

777

10493

8132

92150

9454

36737

15679

215

196983

2010

‐2011

4511

187

4602

3593

76

610

34

18

47

49

12127

777

11104

8858

105931

9454

38819

17058

331

218186


Page 153


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance


Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/ Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

9

HIM

ATN

AGAR

1996

‐1997

6527

55

44

1467

48

0 2 4 12

18

1749

896

4008

3655

38234

7143

10850

7311

18

82041

1997

‐1998

7648

55

44

1579

48

0 2 6 14

20

2029

901

4219

4421

43211

8510

12693

8425

18

93843

1998

‐1999

8277

58

50

1787

49

2 2 6 14

20

2378

902

4565

5054

50931

10967

14498

9539

19

109118

1999

‐2000

8895

58

52

1985

51

3 2 6 15

21

3101

915

5239

5650

61934

13207

16326

10399

19

127878

2000

‐2001

9128

61

52

2091

55

4 2 6 16

22

3596

937

5581

6020

70380

14370

17332

10866

20

140539

2001

‐2002

9331

61

62

2228

56

6 2 6 16

23

4204

954

6083

6313

78271

15653

18315

11178

20

152782

2002

‐2003

9652

63

214

2285

57

7 3 6 24

23

4949

961

6427

6839

88236

17014

19327

11439

22

167548

2003

‐2004

10152

63

470

2461

60

22

3 6 24

23

5740

963

6937

7573

100778

18325

20113

11650

23

185386

2004

‐2005

10652

63

912

2705

63

40

4 6 24

24

6874

964

7883

8254

120513

19369

21312

11928

39

211629

2005

‐2006

11399

63

1729

3081

66

98

4 6 24

26

8134

965

8551

9333

142652

20150

22924

12294

65

241564

2006

‐2007

12436

67

2463

3472

65

224 4 6 24

35

9854

970

8992

10288

160467

20411

24482

12826

126

267212

2007

‐2008

13223

74

2856

3947

71

303

20

8 24

39

11591

1000

9240

10797

177260

20466

25827

13192

208

290146

2008

‐2009

13680

78

3172

4462

74

383

31

8 24

44

13136

1006

9590

11474

192595

20643

27147

13642

288

311477

2009

‐2010

14167

82

3419

5124

78

508

40

8 40

46

15883

1012

9750

12445

213448

20653

28372

14107

398

339580

2010

‐2011

14879

89

3684

5808

93

624

47

8 40

51

20090

1024

10057

13768

241832

20704

30209

14652

482

378141


Page 154


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance


Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/ Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

10

JAMNAGAR

1996

‐1997

3894

269

11

9025

231 0 13

82

18

57

5078

726

1013

2138

44657

40617

3458

3963

69

115319

1997

‐1998

4685

291

1141

9129

272

215

15

116

27

67

6045

861

1149

2377

51586

45914

4237

4864

153

133144

1998

‐1999

4886

305

2319

9277

309

241

15

136

27

70

6971

1027

1287

2674

61321

51774

4940

5732

214

153525

1999

‐2000

5026

314

11517

1272

322

253

18

137

27

76

7990

1010

1389

2958

70313

56930

5408

6355

343

171658

2000

‐2001

5166

320

11817

1442

343

211

18

137

27

82

8831

1012

1450

3102

75145

59667

5638

6636

561

181605

2001

‐2002

5413

334

12263

1593

355

225

18

138

29

90

9709

1019

1515

3250

83692

62963

6014

7067

617

196304

2002

‐2003

5858

337

12548

1700

372

277

18

142

30

97

10549

1031

1575

3420

91921

65721

6331

7433

647

210007

2003

‐2004

6530

365

12984

1843

405

388

19

143

31

101

11508

1046

1728

3668

102741

68942

6602

7725

764

227533

2004

‐2005

7157

421

13655

2127

490

524

24

151

30

106

12736

1056

1898

3970

117273

73507

7188

8287

983

251583

2005

‐2006

7998

441

14139

2404

567

721

27

160

30

115

14249

1116

2133

4346

132178

78449

8121

9026

1313

277533

2006

‐2007

10350

470

14886

2910

622

1176

28

171

30

136

16124

1311

2363

4942

151241

83170

9457

10085

2106

311578

2007

‐2008

11758

473

15821

3433

677

1532

39

187

30

149

18416

1452

2714

5340

169433

89226

11268

11531

3057

346536

2008

‐2009

12222

486

16576

3825

715

1718

47

194

30

155

20497

1504

2954

5546

185592

94491

12895

12903

3409

375759

2009

‐2010

12681

497

17311

4169

744

1801

55

200

32

161

22744

1560

3179

5734

204456

99259

14508

14112

3576

406779

2010

‐2011

13133

497

17989

4663

783

1951

64

208

33

165

26418

1734

3482

5951

231303

102016

16614

15504

3729

446237


Page 155


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

11

JUNAGADH

1996

‐1997

3587

234

327

9655

149 0 17

81

34

49

3837

701

930

3347

51491

29149

5206

6660

147

115601

1997

‐1998

4040

251

2150

9733

154 8 20

88

43

54

4581

718

1052

3856

60289

31727

6440

8076

147

133427

1998

‐1999

4195

258

3936

9786

165 8 25

90

45

60

5172

727

1121

4447

71182

34613

7791

9446

148

153215

1999

‐2000

4280

263

5376

9838

176 9 28

90

49

66

5775

735

1193

4912

81585

37381

8536

10314

157

170763

2000

‐2001

4371

265

5810

9877

184

10

28

90

54

72

6205

739

1246

5099

87910

39066

8897

10825

167

180915

2001

‐2002

4448

265

6277

9901

191

11

28

90

56

72

6725

745

1294

5177

96964

40498

9225

11181

172

193320

2002

‐2003

4596

265

10762

5879

207

11

32

92

56

75

7376

759

1311

5279

106704

41845

9579

11532

173

206533

2003

‐2004

4844

278

11437

5945

257

25

40

94

58

79

8127

771

1325

5518

119928

43233

9888

11831

173

223851

2004

‐2005

4979

291

12700

6011

355

57

42

94

60

79

9033

780

1331

5872

136662

44897

10447

12197

179

246066

2005

‐2006

5200

301

13504

6127

395

83

52

95

61

90

9910

787

1350

6166

154036

46444

11126

12679

199

268605

2006

‐2007

5789

310

15266

6358

453

120

60

97

61

95

11087

807

1351

6478

172731

47893

12213

13283

222

294674

2007

‐2008

6070

315

16562

6597

514

158

74

98

61

97

12292

855

1355

6674

190422

49786

13157

13977

270

319334

2008

‐2009

6179

326

17839

6838

615

190

76

102

61

100

13373

866

1354

6785

208547

52040

14606

14878

313

345088

2009

‐2010

6314

326

18862

7107

649

256

76

103

67

112

14938

903

1354

6934

228609

54503

15821

15329

361

372624

2010

‐2011

6687

327

19823

7375

697

411

91

107

71

119

17435

917

1354

7062

254221

57437

17459

15329

418

407340


Page 156


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

12

BHUJ‐GANDHIDHAM

1996

‐1997

11403

3037

29

1797

116 0 8 160

28

105

5852

1738

3061

3979

46052

29376

6795

5694

278

119508

1997

‐1998

12036

3143

264

1959

139 1 9 171

28

112

6923

1816

3452

4505

52713

33839

7922

6511

327

135870

1998

‐1999

12277

3235

552

2283

166 2 11

186

28

120

7848

1886

3775

5127

60631

39671

9360

7413

368

154939

1999

‐2000

12634

3457

1875

1573

183 5 12

194

28

144

9101

1924

4161

5645

68618

45141

10519

8380

481

174075

2000

‐2001

13035

3915

2038

1775

201

11

16

201

28

153

10110

1952

4448

6058

75648

49519

11275

9040

668

190091

2001

‐2002

13490

4325

2735

2048

227

49

20

208

28

183

11354

2026

5031

6522

88604

56567

12240

10063

821

216541

2002

‐2003

14124

4657

3240

2344

261

62

21

213

28

195

12845

2097

5384

7179

98569

62029

12860

10854

982

237944

2003

‐2004

15232

5196

3642

2711

315

132

25

230

28

221

14469

2135

5690

7817

111448

67052

13184

11224

1155

261906

2004

‐2005

16826

5546

4129

3159

378

303

37

239

28

231

16859

2176

5723

8450

128136

70535

13921

11647

1390

289713

2005

‐2006

19604

5762

4695

3608

435

518

38

271

29

249

19355

2237

5859

9095

148703

73974

14817

12338

1625

323212

2006

‐2007

22888

6038

5559

4127

471

770

52

285

29

277

21943

2290

6264

9861

170836

76832

15957

13158

1967

359604

2007

‐2008

25053

6450

6251

4716

509

1053

66

311

29

303

25042

2340

6898

10565

189034

81313

17723

14365

2438

394459

2008

‐2009

26136

6671

6693

5150

542

1284

81

345

29

332

28660

2419

7422

11224

209749

82760

19430

15608

3051

427586

2009

‐2010

27867

7253

7020

5643

581

1463

110

351

29

350

33046

2555

7739

11922

234855

84400

21047

16885

3600

466716

2010

‐2011

31193

7884

7449

6329

676

1755

110

351

29

374

38757

2760

7800

12876

262669

85491

22528

18206

4324

511561


Page 157


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

13

SURE

NDRA

NAGAR

1996

‐1997

942

55

1

1435

55

0 2 24

11

22

1117

318

411

333

16736

13420

7213

5945

16

48056

1997

‐1998

1051

56

412

1526

58

5 2 25

12

23

1403

339

495

515

20121

16093

8630

6997

18

57781

1998

‐1999

1128

59

938

1625

60

8 2 25

12

23

1672

349

584

671

24649

19432

10678

8210

19

70144

1999

‐2000

1165

61

1470

1763

61

6 2 25

12

24

2028

346

664

825

28854

22431

11806

9162

35

80740

2000

‐2001

1177

62

1765

1838

60

5 2 25

14

25

2327

356

714

930

32152

23936

12508

9623

60

87579

2001

‐2002

1204

61

2290

1923

63

6 2 25

13

26

2728

360

770

1021

37145

25415

13582

10128

67

96829

2002

‐2003

1239

61

2643

1995

71

5 2 26

13

31

3151

368

825

1175

42864

26556

14617

10550

71

106263

2003

‐2004

1288

61

3121

2065

109 5 2 26

13

35

3571

394

895

1396

49437

27485

15247

10952

72

116174

2004

‐2005

1404

61

3713

2213

151

33

2 26

13

35

4090

417

941

1587

57586

28177

16113

11300

90

127952

2005

‐2006

1462

61

4286

2392

175

63

2 26

13

37

4729

426

974

1784

67287

28635

17216

11811

106

141485

2006

‐2007

1586

61

4895

2669

185

102 2 26

13

44

5618

428

983

2162

78609

29041

18503

12414

154

157495

2007

‐2008

1738

61

5594

2948

209

153 8 26

13

44

6394

432

983

2315

87343

29443

19845

13230

250

171029

2008

‐2009

1839

61

6287

3100

224

194

11

26

13

45

7115

433

983

2493

96153

29756

21498

14351

350

184932

2009

‐2010

1879

61

7007

3306

226

244

11

26

13

45

7962

433

983

2775

107166

29995

22374

15078

378

199962

2010

‐2011

2071

61

7382

3580

229

282

11

26

13

45

9068

490

993

3406

119130

30134

23909

15508

397

216735


Page 158


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

14

AMRE

LI

1996

‐1997

312

18

1133

899

233 1 0 3 1 9 670

68

298

214

12182

9228

2199

3116

13

30597

1997

‐1998

429

26

1447

929

252 1 0 3 1 14

802

74

370

251

14100

10465

2837

3908

22

35931

1998

‐1999

550

30

1843

965

300 1 1 3 1 15

946

84

442

296

17348

12248

3546

4618

24

43261

1999

‐2000

597

30

3156

251

329 6 3 4 0 16

1167

90

490

380

20675

14424

4062

5195

29

50904

2000

‐2001

662

33

3362

260

344

11

3 4 0 18

1424

100

532

415

23044

15903

4367

5565

56

56103

2001

‐2002

703

33

3602

293

355

12

7 4 0 20

1623

110

556

452

26793

16856

4618

5818

62

61917

2002

‐2003

804

35

3700

304

409

15

7 4 0 20

1892

117

571

469

31333

17652

4733

5979

74

68118

2003

‐2004

875

35

3930

330

533

21

7 4 2 27

2189

147

597

515

36891

18282

4856

6126

77

75444

2004

‐2005

965

35

4216

390

533

62

23

5 2 27

2539

159

626

556

44485

18991

4996

6419

81

85110

2005

‐2006

1011

35

4366

482

557

77

23

5 2 27

2944

163

661

628

49842

19916

5236

6718

92

92785

2006

‐2007

1107

35

4656

591

609

87

23

5 2 27

3533

171

678

724

55343

21621

5494

7094

107

101907

2007

‐2008

1237

35

4984

704

645

128

24

14

2 27

4008

179

692

818

62923

22292

5905

7815

131

112563

2008

‐2009

1340

35

5357

813

659

163

28

18

2 27

4458

189

695

841

70139

22818

6434

8653

145

122814

2009

‐2010

1489

36

5670

950

670

182

39

22

2 31

4949

208

695

849

78614

23632

7336

9577

145

135096

2010

‐2011

1670

40

5962

1140

744

213

41

23

2 33

5852

246

695

855

88961

25531

8573

10486

145

151212


Page 159


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

15

VALSAD

1996

‐1997

3725

304

353

7779

103 0 11

95

20

64

15841

5523

3267

11049

105119

44210

5407

4023

148

207041

1997

‐1998

3901

324

796

8335

104 3 12

95

26

71

16977

5299

3649

12517

116153

48068

5631

4202

184

226347

1998

‐1999

4112

333

1137

8707

110 5 12

98

26

94

18278

5158

3958

13858

129144

52252

5800

4399

212

247693

1999

‐2000

4381

364

2203

8481

134 6 15

99

30

103

20504

5298

4295

15034

143058

57514

5994

4583

260

272356

2000

‐2001

4526

381

2511

8721

133 8 19

104

32

109

21649

5380

4405

15804

150704

59467

6085

4684

327

285049

2001

‐2002

4550

391

2825

8847

132

11

25

104

34

112

22542

5409

4505

16793

160486

61336

6141

4760

372

299375

2002

‐2003

4616

408

3152

9070

59

18

28

105

34

115

23878

5480

4690

17997

172381

63320

6201

4854

471

316877

2003

‐2004

4849

405

3800

9300

68

55

40

102

36

117

25554

5533

4987

19336

186582

65014

6253

4933

563

337527

2004

‐2005

5240

401

4642

9599

66

86

54

107

36

117

27414

5559

5363

20822

204566

66468

6347

5004

668

362559

2005

‐2006

5805

406

5391

10027

72

109

64

110

37

128

29786

5561

5760

22150

224403

67893

6497

5126

866

390191

2006

‐2007

6705

389

6244

10440

95

123

86

115

37

130

32617

5576

6131

23574

248652

69312

6817

5343

1096

423482

2007

‐2008

7437

396

6614

11184

109

143

97

120

37

135

35742

5600

6541

24974

265829

73180

7109

5553

1221

452021

2008

‐2009

7881

391

6790

11949

109

163

109

124

37

139

38767

5609

6880

26551

280552

77022

7387

5699

1300

477459

2009

‐2010

8347

401

7023

12738

114

185

124

129

40

145

42543

5626

7090

28263

298036

80650

7555

5803

1391

506203

2010

‐2011

9049

409

7305

13738

115

224

151

140

41

157

48123

5633

7300

30083

319765

85766

7827

5938

1537

543301


Page 160


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

16

BHARU

CH

1996

‐1997

3901

112

1143

1783

231

95

5 168

11

62

6571

919

1624

6978

50049

16127

4050

2523

178

96530

1997

‐1998

4253

117

1324

1921

241

293 5 176

11

62

7877

1073

1789

7889

58102

17618

4678

2832

202

110463

1998

‐1999

4441

147

1558

2047

260

374 5 179

11

67

8826

1206

1958

8867

67264

20278

5333

3133

219

126173

1999

‐2000

4673

161

1740

2150

278

434 5 185

12

75

10507

1273

2117

9633

78797

23200

5929

3487

235

144891

2000

‐2001

4936

168

1818

2348

284

495 5 186

12

75

11849

1298

2193

10004

87894

24927

6339

3776

244

158851

2001

‐2002

5040

172

1897

2596

295

628 6 187

12

77

13279

1340

2251

10248

97382

26484

6677

3971

271

172813

2002

‐2003

5181

176

2638

2288

309

681 6 187

12

80

14875

1444

2293

10503

109785

27418

7082

4141

310

189409

2003

‐2004

5371

199

2714

2837

317

823 6 187

12

88

16721

1565

2359

10882

123180

28759

7341

4251

373

207985

2004

‐2005

5595

345

3138

3316

371

924 7 231

19

92

18711

1628

2460

11162

135189

33079

7713

4359

420

228759

2005

‐2006

6111

545

3746

3949

389

1166

13

233

19

93

24907

1689

2462

12043

155385

39011

8289

4558

498

265106

2006

‐2007

6655

606

4161

4435

414

1515

14

243

19

96

27731

1778

2583

13626

170561

42084

9083

4906

592

291102

2007

‐2008

7328

646

4462

4758

445

1665

17

250

19

106

30521

1856

2792

15082

183918

43985

9717

5157

805

313529

2008

‐2009

7613

669

4769

4940

461

1776

18

262

19

113

32969

1943

2956

16451

194147

46012

10212

5374

1111

331815

2009

‐2010

7959

703

5439

5102

505

1967

18

284

28

124

36306

2020

3654

17951

205326

51066

10899

5714

1502

356567

2010

‐2011

8720

722

6178

5383

554

2225

21

296

32

130

40981

2411

4492

19392

219153

57894

11885

6108

1847

388424


Page 161


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

17

GODHRA

1996

‐1997

3619

58

646

2448

308 0 0 121

35

43

2618

386

2758

4688

36199

14690

3423

3013

53

75106

1997

‐1998

4071

100

774

2703

330 6 0 124

41

45

2987

396

3159

5432

39806

15683

3947

3424

58

83086

1998

‐1999

4180

108

911

2870

368

17

0 136

41

45

3240

432

3695

6362

44225

17097

4376

3824

68

91995

1999

‐2000

4247

117

1011

3026

412

22

0 139

49

45

3678

433

4226

6987

49533

18801

4787

4180

82

101775

2000

‐2001

4276

129

1105

3117

429

34

1 140

51

46

4089

432

4556

7360

54306

20006

5043

4404

128

109652

2001

‐2002

3164

109

1030

2313

308

37

1 136

47

48

3536

379

3641

6424

49902

15027

4311

3675

125

94213

2002

‐2003

3154

114

1164

2379

331

37

1 136

44

54

3898

392

3892

6794

56497

15845

4618

3900

143

103393

2003

‐2004

3121

114

1326

2456

343

96

3 137

52

55

4257

395

4076

7179

63079

16623

4808

4048

161

112329

2004

‐2005

3134

122

1583

2598

357

122 5 127

56

58

4837

401

4289

7665

71205

17211

5269

4381

212

123632

2005

‐2006

3135

126

2016

2714

378

167 8 131

59

67

5597

415

4462

8863

79930

17698

6179

4999

230

137174

2006

‐2007

3190

134

2456

2790

375

267

22

133

59

72

6470

416

4575

9349

91938

18068

7360

5856

245

153775

2007

‐2008

3297

143

2733

3128

367

322

30

134

59

75

7248

411

4731

9857

101127

18406

8665

6874

286

167893

2008

‐2009

3369

178

3031

3411

364

492

39

138

59

78

7981

425

4810

10486

109768

18773

9517

7353

303

180575

2009

‐2010

3417

183

3269

3744

379

904

50

140

89

83

9002

448

5003

11038

120716

19625

10167

7763

322

196342

2010

‐2011

3561

183

3513

4284

379

1213

63

140

89

88

10317

458

5255

12196

133668

20180

10998

8196

323

215104


Page 162


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

18

GANDHINAGAR

1996

‐1997

318

60

225

452

1881

4 0 42

3 7

2471

221

937

886

16682

7887

775

410

91

33352

1997

‐1998

515

66

322

565

3044

11

0 52

3 57

3416

251

1362

1157

21117

9591

1003

523

120

43175

1998

‐1999

671

74

400

631

4195

34

0 52

3 107

4379

301

1840

1455

26591

11462

1209

630

141

54175

1999

‐2000

913

127

528

687

7006

46

0 52

3 382

5843

338

2206

1662

32527

13087

1388

734

149

67678

2000

‐2001

1136

138

698

815

8168

65

2 52

3 480

7551

424

2581

1920

39355

14865

1842

1010

161

81266

2001

‐2002

1493

163

912

941

8480

102

11

52

11

529

9738

561

3025

2066

47267

16757

2440

1227

193

95968

2002

‐2003

1872

191

1094

1170

8540

163

12

52

11

621

12240

729

3494

2304

57524

18650

3038

1415

232

113352

2003

‐2004

2332

243

1353

1445

8643

340

23

56

24

742

14865

858

4226

2586

70965

20143

3505

1599

277

134225

2004

‐2005

2812

255

1966

1638

8754

640

40

56

42

753

18756

1117

4666

2869

89542

21442

4104

1784

358

161594

2005

‐2006

3528

343

2668

2467

8853

974

62

56

42

753

23529

1489

4833

3651

107483

21989

4868

2120

509

190217

2006

‐2007

4600

529

3815

3682

9004

1487

110

56

44

765

28463

1794

4962

5366

127480

23277

5617

2512

721

224284

2007

‐2008

5649

910

4585

4381

9133

2169

182

166

53

818

32643

2062

5068

6855

145170

23806

6433

2851

1002

253936

2008

‐2009

6284

1094

5165

4630

9213

2324

221

226

68

1065

36016

2249

5112

7993

159083

23932

7345

3205

1189

276414

2009

‐2010

6911

1313

5912

4798

9292

2451

247

230

68

1212

41196

2438

5235

9443

173500

24136

8178

3571

1332

301463

2010

‐2011

8160

1402

6972

5032

9451

2703

277

230

71

1249

48502

2843

5422

11511

193241

24394

9419

4195

1674

336748


Page 163


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

19

BARD

OLI

1996

‐1997

149

17

0 138 9 0 0 2 0 2 695

18

333

77

5366

1175

342

217 9

8549

1997

‐1998

325

32

104

203

29

2 2 4 2 5

1277

32

577

238

11320

2471

641

429

16

17709

1998

‐1999

438

50

197

238

41

8 3 9 2 11

1770

42

780

448

18591

3983

945

628

33

28217

1999

‐2000

537

52

320

259

55

8 4 9 2 11

2577

59

979

624

26427

5614

1214

824

40

39615

2000

‐2001

663

53

340

363

66

21

5 9 2 13

3242

78

1099

714

32402

7071

1480

1064

43

48728

2001

‐2002

752

67

388

403

86

18

8 14

3 19

3753

107

1188

768

38448

7855

1726

1234

47

56884

2002

‐2003

904

69

423

483

99

32

9 15

3 22

4278

117

1311

866

45378

8374

1898

1359

59

65699

2003

‐2004

1168

78

471

622

112

73

10

15

3 25

4994

123

1462

995

52689

8917

2064

1505

79

75405

2004

‐2005

1435

88

584

812

129

115

10

15

3 32

6027

131

1661

1146

62484

9490

2346

1718

109

88335

2005

‐2006

1869

108

698

1109

148

153

32

15

3 33

7473

142

1829

1313

73723

10124

2981

2092

150

103995

2006

‐2007

2510

125

813

1437

161

173

48

17

3 37

9170

154

2022

1543

86896

10428

3791

2627

186

122141

2007

‐2008

3009

125

894

1692

183

183

58

17

3 39

10495

166

2201

1763

96309

10660

4302

3097

278

135474

2008

‐2009

3236

133

928

1875

199

184

85

20

8 43

11692

184

2381

2031

103616

10780

4678

3385

308

145766

2009

‐2010

3510

135

1015

2163

208

206

92

30

15

51

13201

200

2593

2306

112751

10914

5146

3682

348

158566

2010

‐2011

3785

140

1087

2390

227

222

110

38

16

56

14608

221

2718

2688

119464

10996

5389

3926

416

168497


Page 164


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

20

DAHOD

1996

‐1997

80

1 51

89

11

0 1 0 0 1 146 4 299

179

2119

690

295

259 3

4228

1997

‐1998

133 5 82

171

29

0 1 0 0 5 258

12

520

418

3918

1392

546

492 4

7986

1998

‐1999

143 6 129

229

53

0 1 0 0 7 396

19

753

622

6187

2198

794

733 4

12274

1999

‐2000

163 7 174

257

64

3 1 0 0 9 561

20

925

759

9263

3254

1007

935 9

17411

2000

‐2001

171 7 201

275

59

2 2 2 0 11

699

21

1054

841

11733

4135

1105

1056

12

21386

2001

‐2002

1270

32

397

1135

175

11

3 6 14

20

1760

133

2256

2022

24786

10619

2176

2082

34

48931

2002

‐2003

1307

32

448

1144

177

12

3 6 14

22

1880

132

2357

2131

28237

11024

2335

2217

37

53515

2003

‐2004

1384

31

515

1180

191

19

3 6 16

23

2043

128

2494

2234

31766

11303

2418

2279

39

58072

2004

‐2005

1416

31

743

1220

211

23

3 6 17

26

2237

127

2624

2439

36170

11501

2711

2491

44

64040

2005

‐2006

1464

32

1119

1290

228

60

3 7 18

27

2494

127

2750

2676

40803

11653

3135

2851

58

70795

2006

‐2007

1596

32

1431

1376

230

127 3 6 18

30

2791

130

2908

2952

47880

12068

3838

3483

72

80971

2007

‐2008

1624

32

1664

1496

230

173 3 8 18

30

3072

131

3038

3165

54472

12507

4484

4050

89

90286

2008

‐2009

1632

33

1811

1606

230

215 4 8 18

30

3371

128

3150

3289

61196

12998

4918

4332

114

99083

2009

‐2010

1656

33

2035

1810

234

307 4 8 23

32

3805

128

3288

3387

69487

13726

5215

4517

127

109822

2010

‐2011

1709

35

2264

2183

242

462 3 9 24

33

4326

130

3447

3598

80094

14074

5629

4747

156

123165


Page 165


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

21

NAVSA

RI

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000

‐2001

45

2 159

223

10

6 0 1 2 4 778

48

167

133

5933

2315

92

129

20

10067

2001

‐2002

68

7 318

267

34

9 1 2 4 7

1487

93

325

205

12853

4499

132

210

90

20611

2002

‐2003

97

13

516

375

59

18

1 2 4 15

2140

136

492

365

21271

6746

180

313

122

32865

2003

‐2004

151

21

848

567

75

68

1 3 4 17

3378

154

517

651

31483

7866

235

436

199

46674

2004

‐2005

148

27

1265

892

83

142 1 4 4 21

4822

163

580

1018

45123

8925

370

542

259

64389

2005

‐2006

220

30

1708

1320

100

199 4 4 5 29

6804

181

644

1310

61485

9741

647

691

348

85470

2006

‐2007

353

34

2248

1776

101

211 8 5 5 41

8850

196

744

1576

78873

10210

978

919

431

107559

2007

‐2008

564

38

2737

2122

106

229

10

7 5 46

11082

242

749

1830

93382

10449

1266

1120

460

126444

2008

‐2009

673

46

3035

2512

106

247

13

9 5 52

13267

246

757

2192

105157

11400

1506

1248

496

142967

2009

‐2010

945

60

3165

3224

111

283

13

11

13

58

15879

289

761

2669

116591

15551

1690

1343

541

163197

2010

‐2011

1545

73

3284

4081

118

317

18

12

13

60

19739

331

775

3120

129840

19844

2006

1492

572

187240


Page 166


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

22

PATA

N

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

12

2 32

3 2 0 0 0 0 0 85

0 40

29

463

107

92

74

0 941

2000

‐2001

92

5 113

24

5 0 0 2 3 4 469

14

166

153

2096

520

701

411

15

4793

2001

‐2002

216 7 215

68

10

1 1 3 7 7 825

35

331

201

4282

851

1333

699

33

9125

2002

‐2003

423

12

344

98

20

1 2 4 7 9

1256

67

465

297

7407

1227

2005

939

61

14644

2003

‐2004

561

21

432

175

49

55

2 4 7 10

1641

83

587

404

11009

1530

2310

1092

93

20065

2004

‐2005

679

29

656

311

60

141 2 4 8 12

2128

91

671

507

16300

1716

2942

1325

106

27688

2005

‐2006

816

33

921

436

85

194 2 4 8 12

2659

108

712

631

21203

1855

3609

1743

107

35138

2006

‐2007

930

35

1254

573

91

295 3 4 9 13

3275

110

738

689

27203

2005

4498

2278

115

44118

2007

‐2008

1026

41

1503

724

97

344 4 4 9 13

3876

119

791

734

32765

2098

5189

2572

131

52040

2008

‐2009

1080

48

1713

925

101

397 4 4 9 17

4473

126

839

812

39240

2148

5885

2863

145

60829

2009

‐2010

1165

56

1893

1104

102

448 6 4 9 17

5377

134

908

1066

46631

2148

6561

3283

165

71077

2010

‐2011

1269

58

2087

1331

103

521

15

5 9 22

6694

148

1092

1458

56436

2148

7389

3663

196

84644


Page 167


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

23

PORB

ANDER

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

24

0 50

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 63

1 0 59

413

155

45

36

31

879

2000

‐2001

75

0 134 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 318 2 0 175

1735

838

114

120

52

3567

2001

‐2002

160 0 185

165 0 0 2 0 1 2 555 9 1 254

4267

1945

170

186

67

7969

2002

‐2003

401 0 185

334 0 0 3 0 1 4 767

10

2 332

6840

2819

279

303

68

12348

2003

‐2004

539 0 352

334 1 1 5 0 1 5 987

31

17

507

9640

3412

341

344

82

16599

2004

‐2005

737 0 566

339 3 1 9 0 4 5

1310

38

28

594

13710

4054

433

423

94

22348

2005

‐2006

934 0 651

373 9 4 12

1 4 6

1723

52

33

691

17126

4816

583

511

136

27665

2006

‐2007

1357

0 764

439 9 11

14

1 4 9

2156

60

33

775

20895

5350

781

611

167

33436

2007

‐2008

1585

7 919

497

20

11

14

4 4 10

2634

89

33

857

25087

6080

1026

778

195

39850

2008

‐2009

1710

7

1066

499

25

25

14

4 4 10

3065

98

33

932

29632

6831

1382

1064

195

46596

2009

‐2010

1824

7

1216

499

29

28

14

4 4 12

3520

101

37

1023

34440

7952

1833

1396

210

54149

2010

‐2011

2146

7

1387

499

38

50

14

4 4 14

4204

107

37

1132

39847

9747

2249

1668

218

63372


Page 168


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

24

RAJPIPLA

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000

‐2001

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2001

‐2002

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2002

‐2003

9 0 4 20

17

0 0 0 0 0 112 0 6 2 919

22

24

15

1

1151

2003

‐2004

27

0 21

53

17

3 0 0 2 1 234 0 22

18

2368

136

70

41

1

3014

2004

‐2005

36

0 48

123

39

13

0 0 2 1 328 3 55

64

4279

286

145

75

3

5500

2005

‐2006

51

0 102

191

107

34

0 0 2 1 491 4 110

119

6911

580

262

128 6

9099

2006

‐2007

64

1 165

263

130

43

2 0 2 1 691 7 143

226

10202

862

480

275

13

13570

2007

‐2008

99

1 210

292

120

51

7 0 2 1 883 9 177

323

12333

1199

685

383

15

16790

2008

‐2009

114 0 232

318

123

61

7 0 2 1

1017

10

215

349

13536

1399

800

441

28

18653

2009

‐2010

129

10

261

332

149

73

7 0 2 6

1173

14

269

402

15310

1789

923

511

37

21397

2010

‐2011

161

18

297

370

148

108

12

0 2 6

1427

18

357

496

18281

2138

1129

611

40

25619


Page 169


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

25

ANAND

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000

‐2001

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2001

‐2002

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2002

‐2003

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2003

‐2004

94

8 392

178 9 29

1 1 0 3

1582

21

361

1583

10261

1360

633

183

26

16725

2004

‐2005

165 8

1146

414

20

68

1 2 6 5

3482

48

787

3125

24500

2610

1620

433

38

38478

2005

‐2006

269

10

1967

652

32

112

22

3 7 11

5568

60

1047

4239

39831

3532

2803

826

68

61059

2006

‐2007

430

16

2743

1058

61

158

34

4 7 21

8119

100

1294

4976

55871

4270

4370

1477

97

85106

2007

‐2008

563

25

3298

1506

79

197

48

6 7 23

10708

110

1560

5996

69793

5036

5892

2055

171

107073

2008

‐2009

651

40

3728

1915

88

217

71

8 24

23

13078

123

1884

8450

84369

6330

7119

2472

185

130775

2009

‐2010

762

57

4147

2562

106

249

83

11

27

27

16495

130

2282

11458

103421

7489

8581

3105

210

161202

2010

‐2011

1051

79

4652

3244

109

309

97

13

43

28

21074

145

2689

15092

127851

8733

10242

3811

253

199515


Page 170


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

26

VYA

RA

1996

‐1997

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1997

‐1998

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1998

‐1999

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999

‐2000

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000

‐2001

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2001

‐2002

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2002

‐2003

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2003

‐2004

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2004

‐2005

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2005

‐2006

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2006

‐2007

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2007

‐2008

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2008

‐2009

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2009

‐2010

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2010

‐2011

241 0 3 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 621 4 0 23

5904

7 261

68

17

7157


Page 171


Sr. N

o.

Office

Year


Auto Rickshaw

TWO WHEELER

Tractor

Trailor

Other

Total

Truck/ Lorries

Tank

er

Three Whe

eler

LGVs

Other LGVs

Buses

Maxi

Scho

ol Buses

Private Service

Veh

icles

Police Van

Ambu

lance

Motor Cars &

Station Wagon

Taxi

Jeep

Motor Cycle/

Scoo

ters

Mop

eds

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

GUJARA

T

1996

‐1997

123397

12738

16383

95929

29749

254

349

3305

1420

1838

285904

29614

66368

164272

1808336

831395

170382

130019

5321

3776973

1997

‐1998

133353

13655

26722

100949

31513

965

383

3465

1547

1993

320912

30473

74284

184460

2018723

919102

190192

144734

6048

4203473

1998

‐1999

138529

14279

37554

105500

33449

1275

416

3607

1559

2142

351009

31420

81660

206473

2268581

1023323

212432

159855

6730

4679793

1999

‐2000

143722

15272

80753

77404

36971

1525

457

3695

1594

2539

398028

31759

89087

223908

2545415

1128243

230050

172504

7806

5190732

2000

‐2001

147326

16202

86295

81088

38381

1705

513

3756

1638

2756

438058

32348

94117

234726

2763779

1201090

242158

180950

9154

5576040

2001

‐2002

150875

16977

93328

84298

38625

1986

595

3795

1746

2934

478226

33217

99116

243307

3039755

1266248

254583

188176

10182

6007969

2002

‐2003

156283

17779

106620

81890

39256

2338

659

3838

1766

3166

522166

34579

104263

258375

3377461

1325068

267113

194501

11249

6508370

2003

‐2004

163393

18961

116050

88286

40465

4035

811

3912

1826

3454

572414

36065

110943

276908

3781788

1380379

275543

199603

12704

7087540

2004

‐2005

171026

20133

132537

95115

41679

6292

1048

4035

1918

3606

632154

37422

117809

296758

4303544

1440809

290219

206498

14670

7817272

2005

‐2006

183185

21177

150616

102724

43060

8898

1441

4199

1957

3789

703968

39016

122864

336695

4849816

1502293

311385

217790

17417

8622290

2006

‐2007

200705

22317

172828

113030

44047

12423

1772

4380

1984

4015

784686

40814

128247

371792

5450008

1553852

336986

232509

20942

9497337

2007

‐2008

215457

23947

190621

123767

45175

15878

2116

4672

1999

4251

869808

42534

135014

396828

5972573

1606884

362799

248751

25982

10289056

2008

‐2009

222808

24964

205523

133303

46155

18596

2485

4901

2066

4712

952400

44319

141565

426616

6435582

1651834

386951

263807

30064

10998651

2009

‐2010

232689

26542

222055

145058

47019

21640

2867

5042

2176

5095

1057383

46100

152985

464862

6991896

1725085

410516

278921

34642

11872573

2010

‐2011

248423

27867

241441

161073

48536

25388

3230

5231

2222

5389

1218030

49124

160800

511270

7714893

1792663

442737

294885

39933

12993135

Documents

CONTENTS - GEC ENVIS