A taxonomic study on Eulophidae from Guangxi, China (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)

第 27 卷第 3 期

2 0 0 2 年 7 月

动物分类学报ACTAZOOTAXONOMICA SINICA

Vol. 27, No. 3

July , 2 0 0 2

1) As one part Chinese fauna of Chalcidoidea, our study is supported by National Natural Science Foundat ion of China ( No.

30000016 ), part ly funded by Young Scient ist Grants of the Chinese Academy of S ciences ( C-2999081 and C2900106) . Some distr-i

but ional records are deduced from invest igati ons of fauna in Zhejiang and Gansu, which latter project is supported by another Major

Project from Chinese Academy of Sciences ( A2198036) .

2) To whom correspondence and repr int requests should be addressed. E-mail: huangdw@ panda. ioz. ac . cn

Recei ved 21 Oct, 2001, accepted 20Mar. 2002.

583

A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON EULOPHIDAEFROMGUANGXI, CHINA1)

( HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA)

ZHU Chao-Dong HUANG Da-Wei2)

( I nst itut e of Zoology , Chinese A cademy of S ciences, Beij ing 100080)

Abst ract Based on fresh specimens collected in southern part of Guangxi in 1998-2000, and those de-

posited in Insti tute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, we reported 81 species in 27 genera and4 sub-

families of Eulophidae. Among them, 60 species and 4 genera are new to China. Separate reviews of species

in each subfamily reported by others before this paper are also given. A preliminary component analysis is

conducted to survey the eulophid fauna of Guangxi.

Key words Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, taxonomy, new record, Guangxi, China.

Guangxi is located in southern China, between 20b54c-26b20c north lat itude, on the southeast-ern corner of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, faces the North Bay to the south, borders Viet Nam tothe southwest and surrounded by Guangdong, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hunan Provinces. It is theonly border province ( region) in China that has access to sea and inland waterway transporta-tion. The region has a terraced topographical feature sloping from the northwest to the southeast ,with hilly land constituting 85% of its total area and plains 15% . The sub-tropical damp monsoonclimate brings this region with dist inct dry and damp seasons.

Eulophidae is one of the largest families in Chalcidoidea, Hymenoptera. It contains more de-scribed species than any other family of Chalcidoidea (Noyes, 1978, 1998) . Definition of Eu-lophidae has been relatively simple and stable: tarsi in both sexes 4-segmented, antennae generallyup to4-segmented, protibial spur short and straight. Eulophidae is currently divided into four sub-families, viz. Eulophinae, Euderinae, Tetrastichinae and Entedoninae. It displays a remarkable de-gree of diversity in their biologies. They are predominantly parasitoids of Lepidoptera, Coleopter-a, Diptera and Hymenoptera. However, some of them attack more than 100 families of hosts in 10insect orders as well as eggs of Arachnida and nematodes ( LaSalle, 1990, 1994) . Anumber of eu-lophids are parasitoids of hosts concealed in plant tissue, such as leafminers, wood-borers, leaf-rollers, and gal-l makers. Despite their signif icant importance, there has been little systematic workon Chinese Eulophidae until our recent papers ( Zhu et al . , 1999, 2000a, 2000b, 2001a, 2001b,2001c, 2001d) . In such a backgrounds, it is sometimes diff icult to distinguish between genera inthis family.

Guangxi has been a focus of insect faunistics in China for its special location. But Eulophidaeis rarely recorded in this region till recently. We consider the reasons are not only generally small

body size and cr impled exoskeleton of most eulophids, but also lack of systematic collection andidentif ication of eulophids collected in this province. Recently, a major project to investigate an-imal fauna in southern part of this region has been carried on ( 1998-2000) . The senior author par-ticipated in two teams organized to collect Hymenoptera. More than 15 000 hymenopterans havebeen collected, among which there are at least 80% parasit ic ones. In collected parasitic Hy-menoptera, more than 50% are eulophids, while others include members in other families of Cha-lcidoidea and several other superfamilies. Besides examinations of fresh mater ials collected in thisproject, several other specimens deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,which were collected from other parts of Guangxi, have also been carefully checked to survedy theeulophid faunist ic character istics of Guangxi.

Thus, the purposes of this paper are: 1) to report the results of identifications of Eulophidaecollected in southern part of Guangxi during this major project; 2) to survey other eulophids co-llected in other parts of Guangxi and deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sc-iences; 3) to report new records of genera and species to China; 4) to provide a preliminary fau-nist ic components analysis of eulophids occurring in Guangxi.

Subfamily Euderinae

Members of this subfamily are first reported by Luo & Liao ( 1985) to occur in Beijing,China. According to Luo & Liao ( 1985) , Yang ( 1996) , three species respectively in two genera ofsubfamily Euderinae have been recorded from China. They are: 1) Acrias tau r icorn is Yang, 1996in Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi; 2) Euder u s beij in gen s is ( Luo & Liao, 1985) in Beijing; 3)Euderu s regiae Yang, 1996 in Shaanxi.

1 Euderus albi ta rsis ( Zetterstedt, 1838) [New to China]En tedon al bi tars is Zetterstedt , 1838: 428. Transferred into Eu der us by Thomson, 1878: 277.

Other synonyms are:En tedon amphi s Walker, 1839; En tedon mi thra s Walker, 1839.Hosts. Parasitoids of Adain a mi crodac tyla ( Pterophoridae) ; Col eop hora spp. ( Coleophor-i

dae) ;Ectoedemi a seri cop eza ; Stigm el la sp. ( Nepticulidae) ; Lyman tri a mona cha ( Lymantriidae) ;Spilon ota ocell an a ( Tortr icidae) ; Zeuzer a p yrin a ( Cossidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Janu s major ( Ceph-idae) [ Hymenoptera ] ; Saperda popu ln ea ( Cerambycidae) ; Scolyt u s in tri cat u s ( Curculionidae )[ Coleoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo, Dasin, Jinxiu, Shangsi; Fujian: Huanggang Mountains; Gansu:Zhugqu; Hainan:Wuzhi Mountains, Lingshui; Hebei: Weichang; Hunan: Yongshun; Jilin: Chang-bai Mountains; Liaoning: Fushun; Ningxia: Tianshui; Yunnan: Funing, Lijiang, Weixi; Nearct icand Palearctic regions.

2 Euderus lividus (Ashmead, 1886) [ New to China]Oxymo rpha li vida Ashmead, 1886: 135. Transferred into Eu deru s by Lowe, 1896; i nto Hyperteles by Dalla Torre, 1898: 8.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Acr ocercops dives ( Gracillariidae) ; Anars ia lin eatella ( Gelechiidae) ;Mon op til ota per grat iali s ( Pyralidae) ; Peri leu copt era cof f eella ( Lyonetidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Ceu-torh yn chu s rapa e ( Curculionidae ) ; Oberea u lm icola ; Saperda in or na ta ( Cerambycidae )[ Coleoptera] ; Mel an agromyz a obt u sa ( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera] ; Par theno lecan ium corn i ( Cocc-idae) [ Hemiptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Jinxiu. Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental regions.

3 Euderus solida ginis Yoshimoto, 1971 [New to China]Eu der us so lidag in is Yoshimoto, 1971: 566.

584 动物分类学报 27 卷

Hosts. Parasitoid of Sesiop lex dep ressu s ( Ichneumonidae) [ Hymemoptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Jinxiu, Napo; Gansu: Dunhuang; Hebei: Shexian, Shongshan; Hubei:

Lichuan, Xuancen. Nearctic.

Subfamily Eulophinae

More than 30 species belonging to 17 genera of this subfamily have been reported fromChina before this paper. Lin ( 1963) is the first to study Chinese Eulophinae. He revised 11 speciesin 5 genera of Euplectrini in Taiwan. For Cir rospilu s Westwood, Sun et a l . ( 1987) , Sheng &Wang ( 1992) , Sheng & Wang ( 1993) , Sheng ( 1994) , Ujiye & Adachi ( 1995) reported 8 speciesrespectively in Zhejiang, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Shaanxi. Sun et al . ( 1987 ) reported Di-au lin op sis from Shaanxi, but he did not identify the specimens to species. Wang & Wei ( 1992) re-ported Dicladoceru s wes twoodi i Westwood from Liaoning, Zong et a l . ( 1986) and Sheng et a l .( 1989) recorded Dig lyphu s iseae (Walker) from Hubei and Jiangxi. In a most recent paper, Zhuet al . ( 2000) recognized fourteen species of this genus in China. Chu & Liao ( 1982) and Liao etal . ( 1987) recorded Dimmockia secun da Crawford from Anhui, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hu-nan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang. Cheng & Le ( 1986, 1987) reported they rearedEla chertu s sp. from Phyl locn isi tis c itr el la in Fujian. Bou%cek ( 1988) and Kamijo ( 1996) bothrecorded Eu lophomor pha f lavi cor n is Dodd from Hainan. Wang et a l . ( 1990) found Eu lop hu ssp. in Jilin. Yang ( 1986) recorded Euplec tru s bi col or from Jilin, while Luo ( 1989) reported it tooccur in Anhui. Liao et a l . ( 1987) also recorded Euplectr u s cha padae Ashmead in China. Exam-ined Liaocs specimens, we do not consider this species occur in China, but it is really consist ing ofseveral species. One new species of Hyssopu s was described by LaSalle & Huang ( 1994) fromJilin. Liao et a l . ( 1987) described a new species in Sten omesiu s . Sun et a l . ( 1987) and Liao etal . ( 1987) reported species of Sympi es is from Shaanxi and Qinghai respectively. Tr icospi lu s d ia-traeae have been reported to occur in Guangdong and Taiwan by Chen ( 1972 ) and Bou%cek( 1988) . Liao et al . ( 1987) also described a new species of Zagrammosoma , but it is a Tr icho s-pil u s ( Zhu et al . , 2000b) . Recently, Zhu et Huang ( 2001a) revised Chinese species of Euplect ro-morpha Girault. Also another study of Elachertu s Spinola( Zhu et Huang, 2001d) was conducted.

4 Alophomor phella il lust ri s Girault, 1913Al ophomor phell a i ll ust ri s Girault , 1913: 282.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Gansu: Wenxian; Hainan: Lingshui; Yunnan: nr. Mangshi. Aus-

tralian/ Pacif ic. It is recently reported by Zhu et Huang( 2001c) .

5 Ar oplect rus dimer us Lin, 1963Ar oplect ru s dim eru s Lin, 1963: 113.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Par asa bicolo r ( Limacodidae) [ Lepidoptera] .Distribution. Reported by Lin ( 1963) to occur in Taiwan of China. New to mainland of

China: Guangxi( Napo, Pingxiang) ; Hainan( Yaxian) . Oriental.

6 Cirr ospi lus dia llus Walker, 1838 [New to China]Ci rro spil us dial lus Walker, 1838: 312. Transferred into Atoposomi dea by Delucchi, 1958: 247; into Cirr ospi lus by Bou%cek, 1958:

176.

Other synonyms include: Eu l ophu s quadri macu lat u s FÊrster, 1841; Eu loph u s f l avomacu la-tu s Ratzeburg, 1844; Cirr osp ilu s walker i Stephens, 1846;En tedon p un cta tu s Ratzebur, 1848.

Hosts. Ectoparasitoid or hyperparasitoid of a variety of small Lepidoptera, and more rarely

5853 期朱朝东等: 广西姬小蜂科分类学研究(膜翅目:小蜂总科)

Coleoptera of even Hymenoptera: Cynipidae ( Noyes, 1998) . Hansson ( 1987) stated that thisspecies also attacks Agromyz a d em eij er ei ( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Fujian: Huanggang Mountains; Hunan: Sangzhi; Taiwan: Nan-tou; Hainan: Wuzhi Mountains; Yunnan: D�q�n, Lijiang; Gansu: Zhugqu. Widespread throughoutthe Palaearct ic region.

7 Cirr ospi lus ingenuus Gahan, 1932Ci rro spil us i ngen uu s Gahan, 1932: 753.

Other synonyms include: Scot olin x quadris tri ata Subba Rao & Ramamani, 1966; Ci rro spi lu sin gen uu s Gahan: Heppner, 1993.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Phyl locn ist is ci trella ( Gracillar iidae) [ Lepidoptera] .Distribution. Reported by Sheng & Wang ( 1993) in Jiangxi, Ujiye & Adachi ( 1995) in Ta-i

wan. It has been also collected in Guangxi: Guilin; Zhejiang: Linhai; Jiangxi: Xincgan, Kangnan;Fujian: Fuzhou, Putian, Yanzhou; Guangzhou. Oriental.

8 Cirr ospi lus va riegatus (Masi, 1907)At oposom a vari egatu m Masi, 1907: 276. Transferred into Zagrammosoma by Ferri�re, 1952: 32; Yefremova, 1995: 48.

Other synonyms are:Atoposom a af ra Silvestr i, 1914; Cirr ospi lu s ( Za grammosoma ) var iega-tu s ( Masi) : Bou%cek, 1959; Cir rospil u s va riegatu s (Masi) : Bou%cek, 1988.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Buccu la trix thu r beriella ( Bucculatr igidae) ; Dacu s o lea e ( Tephrit idae)[ Diptera] ;Holocaci sta riv illei (Heliozelidae) ; Leu copt era spp. , Peri leu cop ter a cof f eel la ( Lyonet-iidae) ; Metrio chr oa in f eri or , M . lat if ol iella , Oecophyll em biu s n egl ec tu s , Phyllon oryc ter coryl i-f oli ell a , P . messa n iel la , P . pyr if o liella ( Gracillar iidae) ; St igm ell a m alella , S . mespi licola ( Nept-iculidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin; Beijing; Hubei: Hefeng; Shandong: Huangxian; Hainan: Jian-feng Mountains; Guangdong: Dinghu Mountains, Guangzhou. Afrotropical, Australian/ Pacific,Neotropical, Oriental, Palearctic.

9 Deuter euloph us f roudei (Girault, 1938) [ New to China]En tedonom orpha f rou dei Girault, 1938: 88. Val idated by Bou%cek, 1988: 650; Transferred into Deut ereu lophus by LaSal le &

Schauff, 1992.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Australian/ Pacif ic.

10 Deuter eulophus tennysoni ( Girault, 1913) [New to China]En tedonom orpha t en nyson i Girault, 1913: 262. Transferred into Deut er eu lophus by LaSal le & Schauff, 1992.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Jiangsu: Nanjing. Australian/ Pacif ic.

11 Dimmockia secunda Crawford, 1910Dimm ockia secu ndu s Crawford, 1910: 24.

Sym pi esis parn ar ae Che & Liao, 1982: 151. Transferred into Dimm ockia by Liao et al . , 1987: 99; synonymized by Sheng, 1989:

43.

En copa reticul ata Kamijo, 1965: 76. Transferred into Dimm ockia by Bou%cek & Askew, 1968: 49; synonymized by Kami jo, 1976:

490; Sheng, 1989: 43.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Dendrol im u s specta bil is ( Lasiocampidae) ; Ol ethr eu t es m ori ( Tortr ic-idae) [ Lepidoptera ] ; Ela smu s j apon icu s ( Elasmidae) ; Glypt apan teles lip arid is ( Braconidae )[ Hymenoptera] . Newly recorded to be reared out of Archips in geian a ( Tortricidae) ;Ana campsis


in n ocu ell a ( Gelechiidae) ; Marga ron ia pyloalis ( Pyralidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Ta chin i a sp. ( Ta-chinidae) [ Diptera] ; Cnaph alocroc is m ed in ali s [ Homoptera] ; Tra thala f l avoor bit alis ( Ichneu-monidae) [ Hymenoptera] .

Distribution. Reported ( Chu & Liao, 1982; Liao et al . , 1987; Sheng, 1989 ) to occur inGuangxi; Anhui; Guizhou; Hubei; Hunan; Jiangsu; Jiangxi; Sichuan; Yunnan; Zhejiang. Oriental,Palearctic. Newly reported to occur in Beijing; Tianjin; Liaoning; Shenyang; Heilongjiang: Hua-chuan; Shanghai; Fujian: Fuzhou, Longyan, Jinshan.

12 Elachertus auripes (Girault, 1913)Pseudelachert us au ripes Giraul t, 1913: 261. Transferred into El achertu s by Bou%cek, 1988: 642.Proardalu s ni gricaput Girault & Dodd, 1915: 288. Synonymized by Bou%cek, 1988: 642.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Pingxiang, Napo. Australian/ Pacific.

13 Elachertus char ondas (Walker, 1839)Eu lophus charondas Walker, 1839: 174. Transferred into Elachert us by Walker, 1846: 68; validated by Bou%cek & Askew, 1968: 21.

Other synonyms include: Eu lophu s orsu s Walker, 1839; Elach ist u s pun ctis cu ta Thomson,1878;Ela chi stu s la ppon icu s Thomson, 1878;Elachis tu s mon achae Ruschka & Eulmek, 1915.

Host. Parasitoid of Ben a pras in an a ( Noctuidae) ; Lyman t ria disp ar , L . m on acha ( Ly-mantriidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; sometimes also attack tachinids [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Napo; Taiwan: Taipai( Taibei) . Neotropical & Palearctic.

14 Elachertus isada s (Walker, 1839)Eu lophus i sadas Walker, 1839: 168. Val idated by Graham, 1959: 176; lapsus Eul ophu s isadu s Dalla Torre, 1898.

Other synonyms include: Eu lop hu s tic ida Walker, 1839; Eu lop hu s scylli s Walker, 1848;Ela chertu s splen d en s FÊ rster, 1841;Elachis tu s viri du lu s Thomson, 1878.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Gracillariidae, Oecophoridae, Tortricidae( Lepidoptera) .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Hebei: Xiaowutai; Fujian; Hainan: Lingshui, Jianfeng Moun-

tains; Sichuan: Ecmei Mountains, Qingcheng Mountains; Yunnan: Lijiang, Lanping, Kunming,Menglong; Xizang: M�dong, Nyingchi; Shaanxi: Foping; Gansu: Wenxian; Taiwan: Nantou.Palearctic.

15 Elachertus la ter al is (Spinola, 1808)Dipl olepis l at eralis Spinola, 1808: 230. Transferred into Elachert us by Spinola, 1811: 151; validated and neotype designated by

Bou%cek & S chauff , 1985: 238.

Other synonyms are: Eu lophu s ar taeu s Walker, 1839a; El ach ert u s car in atu s Ratzeburg,1848;Ela chert u s p eti olat u s Thomson, 1878;El ach istu s aen ei sca pu s Thomson, 1878.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Anacamp sis popu l ell a ( Clerck) ( Gelechiidae) ; Phyll on oryc ter a cern el la( Zeller ) , Xan th ospi lapt eryx syr in gel la ( Gracillariidae ) ; Acr on ic ta megacepha la ( Denis &Schifferm�ller) , Mamestr a br ass ica e ( Linnaeus) ( Noctuidae ) ; Clost era cur tu la ( Linnaeus)(Notodontidae) ; Cacoecim or pha pr on uban a ( H�bner) , Chor ist on eu r a mur in an a ( H�bner) ,Cn ephas ia chry san thean a ( Duponchel ) , Grisel da m yr till an a ( Westwood) ( Tortricidae) [ Lep-idoptera] .

Newly recorded from larvae of Notodontidae, O lethreu tes vari egan a ( Olethreutidae) , andCol eop hora sp. ( Coleophoridae) .

Distribution. Guangxi: Fangcheng, Napo; Beijing; Hebei: Xiaowutai; Nei Mongol; Liaoning:Xutun; Jilin: Changbai Mountains; Heilongjiang: Yichun, Dailing; Anhui; Fujian: Sanming; Shan-


dong: Fushan; Hubei: Lichuan; Hunan: Xianfeng; Guangdong: Guangzhou; Sichuan: Ecmei Moun-tains, Huili, Xichang; Yunnan: Funing; Guizhou: Qingcheng; Ningxia: Liupan Mountains; Xin-jiang: Arli River; Shaanxi: Zhouzhi, Fuoping; Gansu:Wenxian.

16 Elachertus simi thora x (Girault, 1915)Ar dal oides si mi thorax Girault, 1915: 288. Transferred into Elachert us by Bou%cek, 1988: 642.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Jingxi, Napo; Beijing; Henan: Luanchan, Songxian; Taiwan:

Nantou; Fujian: Sanming, Fuzhou; Hainan: Jianfeng Mountains, Lingshui, Bawang Mountains,Wuzhi Mountains; Sichuan: Wulong; Yunnan: Lijiang, D�q�n, Yongsheng, Lanping, Jingdong;Gansu: Kangxian, Zhugqu; Xizang: Bomi. Australian/ Pacif ic.

17 Elachertus sobr inus (Girault & Dodd, 1915)Paren tedon sobrin us Gir ault & Dodd, 1915: 283. Transferred into El acher tu s by Bou%cek, 1988.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Congzuo, Napo. Australian/ Pacif ic.

18 Euplect romor pha bica rinata ( Ferri�re, 1940)Neoplec tru s bi cari natu s Ferri�re, 1940: 136. Transferred into Eupl ec tr omor pha by Bou%cek, 1988: 634.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Art on a catoxan tha ( Zygaenidae) . One Guangxi male is said to be rearedfrom Unaspi s sp. reading from the label. We think it doubtful.

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Guilin, Napo; Hainan. Oriental. Recently, Zhu et Huang re-ported its occurrence in China ( Zhu et Huang, 2001a) .

19 Euplect rophel inus sa intpier rei Girault, 1913 [New to China]Eu plect rophel in us sai nt pi er rei Girault , 1913: 283.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Hubei: Lichuan; Fujian: Wuyi Moutains ( Tongmu) ; Taiwan:

(Nantou) . Australian/ Pacific, Oriental.

20 Euplect rus ceylonensis Howard [New to China]Eu plect rus c eylon en sis Howard & Ashmead, 1896: 641.

Eu plect rus i nsul an us Crawford, 1911: 281. S.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Eupr oc tis f lav a , E . f ra ter n a , E . sc in til lan s ( Lymantriidae) . Newlyrecorded from Dendro lim u s sp. ( Lasiocampidae) .

Distribution. Guangxi: Ningming, Longzhou; Hainan: Diaoluo Mountains; Taiwan: Nantou;Tonkin.

21 Euplect rus flav ipes (Fonscolombe, 1832) [New to China]Spalang ia f lavipes Fonscolombe, 1832: 299. Transferred into Eu plect rus by Fonscolombe, 140: 186.

Eu plect rus cacoec iae Ferri�re, 1941: 42. Synonymi zed by Bou%cek, 1970: 88.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Archips r osan a ( Tortricidae) ; Ca tocala n ymph aea , C . n ymphag oga( Noctuidae) .

Distribution. Guangxi: Nanning; Hunan: Liuyang; Taiwan: Nantou; Hainan: Jianfeng Moun-tains. Palearctic.

22 Euplect rus indicus Ferri�re, 1941 [New to China]Eu plect rus i ndi cu s Ferri�re, 1941: 33.


Hosts. Parasitoid of geometrids.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Taiwan: Nantou; Sichuan: Pengshui. Oriental.

23 Euplect rus noctuidiphagus Yasumatsu, 1953 [New to China]Eu plect rus n oc tui diphagu s Yasumatsu, 1953: 164.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Eudoc ima t yran n a ( Noctuidae) [ Lepidoptera ] . Newly recorded fromLeu can ia separ ata , Naran ga aen escen s ( Noctuidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Nanning; Jiangsu; Shanghai; Zhejiang: Huangyan; Hunan: Yongshun;Hubei: Badong; Taiwan: Nantou; Sichuan: Wanggong, Laijing, Xinjing, Jiangc an, Kaixian,Youyang, Luxian, Ecmei Mountains, Chengdu; Guizhou: Leishan; Yunnan: Ruili. Palearct ic.

24 Euplect rus mani lae Ashmead, 1904 [New to China]Eu plect rus m ani lae Ashmead, 1904: 16.

Hosts. Parasitoid of An omi s sp. ( Noctuidae) ; Pr in ceps pol ytes ( Papilionidae) [ Lepidoptera] .Distribution. Newly recorded from following regions in China: Guangxi ( Napo) , Hubei:

(Xingshan) , Hainan( Lingshui, Wuzhi Mountains, Bawang Mountains) . Oriental.

25 Euplect rus pa rvulus Ferri�re, 1941 [ New to China]Eu plect rus parvu lu s Ferri�re, 1941: 33.

Eu plect rus pl ecopterae Mani, 1941: 31. S ynonymized by Chatterjee, 1945: 95.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Ascot is selen ari a , Teph rin a disp u tari a ( Geometridae) : Plecoptera r ef l exa(Noctuidae) ; Pyri lla sp. ( Lophopidae) [ Lepidoptera ] ; Ela smu s sp. ( Elasmidae) ; Tet rast ichu ssp. ( Eulophidae) [ Hymenoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Hepu, Napo. Oriental.

26 Euplect rus peechansis Wijesekara & Schauff , 1994 [ New to China]Eu plect rus peechans is Wijesekara & Schauff, 1994: 5.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Newly recorded from following regions in China: Guangxi(Napo) Oriental.

27 Hemiptar senus unguicellus (Zetterstedt, 1838)En tedon ungu ic el lu s Zetterstedt , 1838: 427. Transferred to Hemi ptarsen us by Thomson, 1878: 210.

Other synonyms include: Eu lophu s n y cteu s Walker, 1839;Eu l ophu s gon ip pu s Walker, 1839;Eu lophu s ian thea Walker, 1839;Eu lophu s myod es Walker, 1839;Eu lophu s n on u s Walker, 1839;Eu lophu s hedi la Walker, 1839; Eu lop hu s hegem on Walker, 1839; Eu lophu s l aogon u s Walker,1839;Eu loph u s vil liu s Walker, 1839; Eu lophu s p iscu s Walker, 1839;Eu loph u s dru s illa Walker,1839; Eu l ophu s alce Walker, 1840; Elacher tu s pellu cen s FÊrster, 1841; Eu l ophu s al cicor n isFÊ rster, 1841; ? Eu l ophu s an tilope FÊrster, 1841; Eu l ophu s harm ocer u s FÊ rster, 1841; Eu lop hu sopi cor n is FÊrster, 1841; Eu lophu s sexra diat u s FÊ rster, 1841; Eu lophu s c in ct ipes Stephens, 1846;Eu lophu s divi su s Walker, 1872; ? Hem iptar sen u s laevis cu t ell um Mercet, 1947; Hem ipt arsen u spal u str is ErdÊ s, 1954.

Hosts. Parasitoid of var ious species of Agromyzidae ( such as Agr om yza , Cerodon tha , Ph yto-m yz a ) ; Ephydridae( Hydrelli a ) ; [ Diptera ] ; Coccidae ( Eriopel tis ) [ Homoptera ] ; Curculionidae( such as Bla stoph agu s , Ceu torh yn chu s ) [ Coleoptera ] ; Elachist idae ( Ela sch ista ) ; Noctuidae( Gortyn a ) ; Pyralidae (O str in ia ) ; and Yponomeutidae ( Pr ays ) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Reported by Zhu et al . ( 2000) to occur in following regions in China: Beijing,Hebei( Chengde, Laiyuan, Weichang, Xinlong, Zhangbei) , Liaoning( Shenyang, Changbai Moun-


tains) , Jiangsu( Nanjing) , Fujian( Yiliping, Huanggang Mountains, Dazulan) , Henan( Songxian,Luchuan) , Hubei( Shennongjia, Badong, Xucen) , Hunan( Yongshun) , Taiwan(Nantou, Hualien) ,Hainan( Lingshui, Jianfeng Mountains) , Sichuan( Pengshui) , Yunnan( Lijiang, Lanping) , Xizang( Langxian) , Gansu(Wuwei) , Ningxia( Yinchuan) . Newly recorded from Guangxi( Jinxiu) , Gansu(Kangxian, Wenxian, Zhugqu) , Shaanxi( Fuping) .

28 Hyssopus geniculatus ( Hartig, 1838) [New to China]Eu lophus geni cu latu s Hartig, 1838: 268. Transferred into En tedon by Ratzeburg, 1848: 159; into Hyssopu s by Schauff , 1985.

Cr ataepoi des r us soi Zinna, 1955: 68. Synonymized by Viggiani, 1966.

Hosts. Ectoparasitoids of various species in Cecidomyiidae [ Diptera ] , Curculionidae[ Coleoptera] , Gelechiidae, Gracillariidae, Pyralidae; Tortricidae[ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Beijing; Gansu: Qilianshan, Wenxian; Yunnan: Lijiang. Palearc-tic.

29 Hyssopus nig ritulus ( Zetterstedt, 1838)En tedon nigr itu lu s Zetterstedt , 1838: 430. Transferred into Elacher tus by Thomson, 1878: 196.

Ci rro spil us aphaca Walker, 1839: 329. Transferred into Eu lophu s by Haliday, 1842; synonymi zed by Graham, 1959.

Hosts. Parasitoids of various species in Agonoxenidae, Gelechiidae, Momphidae, Olethreut-idae, Sesiidae, Tortr icidae [ Lepidoptera] ; Tephritidae [ Diptera ] . Specimens collected in Beijingare most reared out of the seeds of Soph ora japon ica L. ( Plants) .

Distribution. Reported to occur in Jilin ( Liao et al . , 1987; Wang et al . , 1991) . Guangxi:Dasin; Beijing; Jiangsu: Dantu; Xinjiang: Kashi.

Comments. This species was previously recorded as Elacher tu s n ig rit u lu s by Liao et a l .( 1987) . Zhu et Huang ( 2001d) followed recent literatures to place it in Hyssopu s .

30 Platyplectr us bussyi ( Crawford, 1911) [ New to China]Eu plect rus bus syi Crawford, 1911: 279. Comb. nov.

We place this species in Pl atypl ec tru s for following reasons: 1) Euplect ru s spp. is distinct inhaving median part of mesoscutum similar to lateral parts, both smooth or similarly sculptured,while Plat yplect ru s spp. is different in having sublateral grooves on scutellum; 2) this species hasmedian part of scutellum strongly reticulate, while lateral parts almost smooth.

Hosts. Parasitoid of lepidopteran leaf miners.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Oriental, Australian/ Pacif ic.

31 Platyplectr us cor acinus Wijesekara & Schauf f, 1994 [New to China]Platy pl ec tr us corac in us Wijesekara & Schauff, 1994: 27.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Fangcheng, Longzhou, Napo; Fujian; Hainan: Jianfeng Moun-

tains. Oriental.

32 Platyplectr us la eviscuta (Thomson, 1878) [New to China]Eu plect rus l aevi scuta Thomson, 1878: 188. Transferred into Euplec tromor pha by Ferri�re, 1941: 29; into Trichoplect ru s by Bou%cek

& Graham, 1978: 235; lectotype designated and transferred into Plat yplect rus by Hansson, 1991: 30.

Hosts. Parasitoid of St igm ell a r u f icapit el la ( Nepticulidae) .Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Fangcheng, Napo; Fujian:Wuyishan; Henan: Songxian; Gansu:

Zhugqu; Hubei: Hefeng, Lichuan, Xuancen, Badong; Hunan: Sangzhi; Taiwan: Nantou; Hainan:Jianfeng Mountains; Yunnan: Lijiang, Yongsheng, Lanping; Xizang: Bomi, Co Nag, Yadong.


Palearctic. Newly recorded from Australia, Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea.

33 Platyplectr us malayensis (Ferri�re, 1941) [New to China]Eu plect rom orpha m alayen si s Ferri�re, 1941: 24. Transferred into Pl atyplec tru s by Bou%cek, 1988: 635.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Par asa lepida , Setor a n i ten s , Thosea sp. ( Limacodiae) .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Oriental.

34 Platyplectr us orthocra spedae Ferri�re, 1941 [New to China]Platy pl ec tr us or thocraspedae Ferri�re, 1941: 21.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Da rn a cat en ata , Or thocraspeda t rim a , Setor a n i ten s ( Limacodidae) .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Beijing: Badaling, Shidu, Xiangshan; Hainan: Qiongshan, Yax-i

an, Jianfeng Mountains. Oriental.

35 Platyplectr us vi ridiceps (Ferri�re, 1940) [New to China]Eu plect rom orpha vir idic eps Ferri�re, 1940: 136. Lectotype designated and transferred into Pl at yplect ru s by Wijesekara & S chauff ,

1994: 33.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Ar ton a ca toxan tha ( Zygaenidae) , Dasych ira sp. , Euproc ti s s ci n till an s( Lymantriidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Chongzuo, Dasin, Napo; Beijing; Fujian: Fuzhou, Mali, Tongmu,Jiangyang; Hubei: Shennongjia; Taiwan: Nantou; Hainan:Wuzhi Mountains, Jianfeng Mountains;Sichuan, Xiyang; Yunnan: D�q�n. Oriental.

36 Pnigal io a graules (Walker, 1839) [New to China]Eu lophus agrau les Walker, 1839: 166. Transferred into Pn igalio by Graham, 1959: 181.

Other synonyms include: Eu lop hu s barbarou s FÊrster, 1841; Pter oma lu s cr u tiat u s Ratze-burg, 1848; Tin eophaga ti sch eri ae Rondani, 1868; Spar tiophil u s orches tic ida Rondani, 1877; Pn i-gali o m ed iterran eu s Ferri�re & Delucchi, 1957.

Hosts. Ectoparasitoids of various species in Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera.Distribution. Guangxi: Fangcheng, Jinxiu, Jingxi, Napo; Beijing; Gansu: Kangxian, Wenxian;

Hubei: Badong, Hefeng, Shennongjia; Yunnan: Lijiang; Xizang: Bomi, Langxian. Palearctic.

37 Pnigal io katonis ( Ishii, 1953) [ New to China]Eu lophus katon is Ishii, 1953: 5. Transferred into Pn igali o by Bou%cek & Askew in 1968.

Hosts. Ectoparasitoids of some flies in Agromyzidae.Distribution. Newly recorded from following regions in China: Guangxi( Dasin, Jinxi, Napo) ,

Beijing, Fujian( Chongcan, Fuzhou, Jianyang) , Gansu( Kangxian, Wenxian) , Yunnan ( Funing) ,Xinjiang( Shache) , Hubei ( Badong, Lichuan) , Hunan( Yongshun, Luxi) , Hainan( Wuzhi Moun-tains) , Zhejiang( Lingcan) . Palearctic.

38 Pnigal io pectinicor nis (Linnaeus, 1758) [ New to China]I chneum on pec ti ni corn is Linnaeus, 1758: 568. Transferred into Cyni psichneum on by Christ , 1791: 391; into Di plol epi s by Fabricius,

1804: 153; lapsus Ichn eu mon penn icorn is Illiger, 1807; into Eul ophu s by Il liger, 1807: 192; into Chalc is by Jurine, 1807: 316;

into En tedon by Dalman, 1820: 181; into Hal ti chella by Sp inola, 1811: 150; into Pn igali o by Bou%cek, 1961: 150; misident ifi edfor Cyn ipes eu lophu s by De Geer, 1752; misi dentif ied for Ichn eu mon f u scusrami ni corn is by De Geer, 1752; misi dentif ied for

Ichn eu mon aeneusrami cor ni s by De Geer, 1771; misident if ied for Ichneu mon r am icorn is by Geoffroy, 1762.

Other synonyms include: Ichn eum on aen eu s r am ico rn is Ratzius, 1783; Ela chert u s f u sc iven tr isNees, 1834; Eu lophu s m en yl lu s Walker, 1839; Eu lop hu s m ed iu s Nees, 1834; Eu loph u s man iaWalker, 1839; Eu lop hu s cr omu s Walker, 1839;Eu l ophu s coec il u s Walker, 1839;Eu lophu s f a u sti-


tas Walker, 1839; Eu lophu s lu cumo Walker, 1839; Eu lophu s f issi cor n is FÊrster, 1841; Eu lop hu splum icorn i s FÊrster, 1841; Eu lop hu s taran d ico rn is FÊ rster, 1841; Eu lophu s f u sci cor n is FÊrster,1841;Eu lophu s pil ico rn is Ratzeburg, 1844;Eu lophu s v iduu s Ratzeburg, 1844; Eu lop hu s den dri-corn is Ratzeburg, 1844; Eu lophu s subcu tan eu s Ratzeburg, 1852; Eu loph u s habr oceru s FÊrster,1861;Eu l ophu s m egal oceru s FÊ rster, 1861.

Hosts. Ectoparasitoids of var ious microlepidopterous, coleopterous, hymenopterous, anddipterous insects.

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Gansu: Wenxian; Hubei: Shennongjia; Zhugqu; Sichuan: EcmeiMountains; Yunnan: D�q�n, Lijiang; Xinjiang: Altay, Aksu; Xizang: Bomi, Qusum. Australian/ Pa-cif ic, Palearct ic.

39 Stenomesius japonicus (Ashmead, 1904)Sym pi esom orpha j apon ica Ashmead, 1904: 163. Transferred into St en om es ius by Bou%cek, 1977: 402;redescribed by Khan, 1994: 25.

Other synonyms are: Stenomesio ideu s ashmeadi Subba Rao & Sharma, 1966; Sympi esom or phach ilon i s Ishii, 1937; Eury sco toli nx co imbator en s is Rohwer, 1921; St en elach ist u s imp ressu s Masi,1917; Sympiesom or pha mi kan Ishii, 1953; Ela chertu s taba shii Nakayama, 1938; Sym ieso-mor phelleu s whi tm an i Girault, 1916.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Stomop ter yx n er teria Meyrick ( Subba Rao and Sharma, 1966) ( Gelech-iidae) , Acro cercops sp. ( on Quercu s g lau ca , Castan ops is cu sp idat a , Michelia com pr essa , Wis ter iaf lo ribun da , and Lyon ia ovali f oli a ) , Aris taea sp. ( on Ast er sp. ) , Calop til ia aza leell a Brants, C .theivor a Walsingham, C . sp. ( on Rh ododen dron sp. ) , Gracil lari a sp. ( on Fraxin u s sp. ) , Leu-cospil apteryx om issel la Stainton, Phyll ocn i sti s ci trella Stainton ( Ishii, 1953) , Ph yllon oryc ter lyon ia eKumata, P . r in gon iella Matsumura ( Gracillariidae) , Ch ilo suppr essalis Walker( Ishii, 1937)( Pyralidae) , Naran ga aen escen s Moore(Noctuidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Xingcan; Beijing: Tongxian; Fujian: Fuzhou, Pucheng, Shaxian, Jiang-le, Liancheng, Longyan, Shanghang; Jiangsu: Wuxian; Hubei: Hefeng, Lichuan; Hunan: Jiang-yong, Yongshun; Guangdong: Guangzhou; Taiwan: Nantou; Hainan: Wanning, Lingshui, JianfengMountains; Sichuan: Laijing; Guizhou: Fanjingshan; Xizang: Bomi. Afrotropical, Australian/ Pa-cif ic, Oriental Palearct ic regions.

40 Sympiesis st ria t ipes (Ashmead, 1904) [ New to China]Eu lophus s tr iati pes Ashmead, 1904: 165. Redescribed and transferred into Sy mpi es is by Kami jo, 1976: 486.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Acr ocercops sp. , Phyllo cn is tis ci trella , Phyll on oryc ter sp. ( Gracillar-iidae) . Newly recorded from Phyl lon ory cter rin gon iel la ( Gracillariidae) .

Distribution. Guangxi: Guilin; Beijing; Fujian: Fuzhou; Guangzhou; Sichuan: Maniganggo;Hainan: Jianfeng Mountains; Guizhou: Luodian. Oriental, Palearct ic.

41 Sympiesis dol ichogaster Ashmead, 1888 [New to China]Sym pi esis dol ichogas ter Ashmead, 1888.

Other synonyms are: Sympiesis grac il is Girault, 1915; Asympi esi el la in d ia Girault, 1916;Symp ies is mi ka do Ashmead, 1904; Symp ies is n elson en s is Girault, 1914; Sympiesis n owickiiSzel�nyi, 1941.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Argidae [ Hymenoptera ] ; Curculionidae [ Coleoptera ] ; Gelechiidae;Gracillariidae; Pyralidae; Tischeriidae; Tortricidae[ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Beijing; Jilin: Gongzhuling; Anhui; Zhejiang: Hangzhou; Hu-nan: Changsha; Jiangxi: Meiling; Taiwan: Pingtung, Nantou, Xinzhu; Xinjiang: Wushi, Xinhe,


Bachu; Gansu:Wenxian. All regions except Afrotropical.

Subfamily Entedoninae

More than 46 species in 7 genera of this subfamily have been reported from China before thispaper. LaSalle & Schauff ( 1994) reported the occurrence of Baeoen tedon in China. Sheng et a l .(1989) , Lee ( 1990) , Lin ( 1992) , Ikeda ( 1996 ) respectively recorded Chr ysochari s spp. fromChina: 1) C . liri om yza in Heilongjiang; 2) C . pen theu s in Jiangxi and Taiwan; 3) C . p hryn e inJiangxi. Liao et a l . ( 1987) described one new species of Clos ter oceru s in Beijing. Wang et a l .( 1991) reported two species of En t edon in Jilin, while Yang ( 1996) described several speciesreared out of bark beetles in Heilongjiang and Shaanxi. Ling ( 1994) described two new species ofHolcopelte from Yunnan. Yang & Luo ( 1994) described a new species of Mangochar is l itchi formlitchi gall midge in Guangdong. Bou%cek ( 1988) reported Par ahor ism en u s spiss ipun c tatu s fromHainan. Several authors studied Chinese species of Pediobiu s , they are: 1) Sheng & Li ( 1992) , P .bra chycer u s , P . f u j ian en s is and P . in exp ec tu s in Jiangxi and Fujian; 2) Sheng & Kamijo( 1992) ,P . f ascia lis and P . plan i ceps in Jiangxi; 3) Wang et a l . ( 1990) , P . f oli orum , in Jilin; 4) Shaeferet al . ( 1986) , Cheng et al . ( 1988) , Peng & Bao ( 1988) , Huang & Shaefer( 1990) , Sheng & Wang( 1992) , P . f oveo latu s in Beijing, Hubei, Shanxi, Yunnan; Husain & Khan ( 1986) , P . f ra ter n u s ,in Hongkong and Taiwan; 5) Sheng & Wang ( 1994) described four new species found in Jiangxi:P . gr isescen , P . n ar an gae , P . pol ychr osi s , P . si n en si s ; 6) Liao et al . ( 1987) descr ibed P . i l-liberi dis , P . son gsha omi n u s , P . yun an en s is from Beijing, Yunnan. Yang ( 1996) described agenus, San yan gia from Heilongjiang.

42 Chrysochar is l ir iomyzae Delucchi, 1954Chry sochar is li ri omyz ae Delucchi, 1954: 8.

Chry sochar is pun ct if ac ies Delucchi , 1954: 7. S ynonymized by Hansson, 1985: 42.

Chry sochar is f oveatus Szel�nyi, 1981:278. Synonymized by Hansson, 1985: 42.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Agr om yza spp. , Chromatomyi a spp. , Lir iom yza spp. , Phyt omyz a spp.( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Reported by Ikeda ( 1996) to occur in Heilongjiang. Newly recorded fromGuangxi: Longzhou, Napo; Gansu: Kangxian, Wenxian, Zhugqu. Nearct ic, Palearctic.

43 Chrysochar is orbicular is (Nees, 1834) [ New to China]El acher tu s orbi cu lari s Nees, 1834: 137. Transferred into En tedon by Blanchard, 1840: 280; into Chry sochar is by Hansson, 1985:

37.

Other synonyms are:En tedon na en ia Walker, 1839; En tedon abr ota Walker, 1839; En tedonch araxu s Walker, 1839;En t edon eu tr opiu s Walker, 1839;En tedon alta das Walker, 1839; En tedonlycori s Walker, 1839; En t edon n u r sc ia Walker, 1848; Chrysocha ris f ac iali s FÊ rster, 1861;Der ost en u s pun ctif r on s Thomson, 1878.

Hosts. Mainly parasitoid of Agrom yza spp. Chromat omy ia spp. , Li riom yza spp. , Paraph yto-m yz a spp. , Phytomyz a spp. ( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera ] ; sometimes also attack Bena pras in an a( Noctuidae) ; S tigm el la in cog n itella ( Nepticulidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin. Nearctic, Palearct ic.

44 Chrysochar is pubens Delucchi, 1954Chry sochar is puben s Delucchi, 1954: 5.

Chry sochar is lat if r ons Gijswi jt, 1965: 878. Synonymi zed by Bou%cek & Askew, 1968: 115.

Hosts. Mainly parasitoid of Cer odon th a spp. , Chr oma tom yia spp. , Ophiomyi a spp. ,


Phytobia spp. , Phytomyz a spp. , Tr opi com yia spp. ( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera ] ; sometimes also at-tack Ph yllon oryc ter blan chard ell a ( Gracillariidae) [ Lepidoptera] .

Distribution. Reported by Ikeda ( 1996) to occur in Taiwan. Newly recorded from Guangxi:Dasin, Napo; Beijing; Gansu:Wenxian, Zhugqu. Oriental and Palearctic.

45 Entedon gr acil ior Graham, 1971 [New to China]En tedon gr aci lio r Graham, 1971: 347.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo, Pingxiang, Shangsi. Palearctic.

46 Holcopelte sulciscuta ( Thomson, 1878) [New to China]Derost en us sul ci scut a Thomson, 1878: 272. Tr ansferred into Hor ism enu s by S chmiedeknecht, 1909: 433;

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Newly recorded from Guangxi: Napo; Gansu:Wenxian. Palearctic.

47 Neochr ysocharis formosa (Westwood, 1833)Cl ost er oceru s f orm osus Westwood, 1833: 420. Transferred into Entedon by Walker, 1839: 26; into Deros tenu s by Thomson, 1878:

270; i nto Achrysocharell a by Graham, 1959: 198; into Chry sono tom yia by Bou%cek, 1977: 125; Yoshimoto, 1978: 700; intoNeochryso charis by Hansson, 1990: 46.

Other synonyms are: En tedon pha en n a Walker, 1839; En tedon lun atu s Ratzeburg, 1848;En tedon ovu l orum Ratzeburg, 1848; Chrysoch aris obscu r ipes FÊ rster, 1861; Derosten u s var iipesCrawford, 1913; Derosten u s f u llaway i Crawford, 1913; Achrysoch aris eryt hraea Silvestri, 1914;Achrysoch aris meri dion al is Silvestri, 1914; Achr ysochar ell a sil via Girault, 1917; Achr ysochar iscami lli Girault, 1917;Neochr ysochari s tri f oli i ErdÊ s, 1961.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Acan thol yda er ythr ocepha la , A . pos ticali s , Pamphi lli u s spp. ( Pamphil-iidae) ; Ca liroa cera si ; Fen u sa p u sil la , Prof en u sa sp. , Ten th redo quadr ima cu l ata ( Tenthre-dinidae) ; Di pri on p in i , Neodip rion spp. ( Diprionidae ) ; Tr ichogramma spp. ( Trichogram-matidae) [ Hymenoptera ] ; Agrom yza spp. , Ch romatom yia spp. ; Lir iom yza spp. ; Phytagr om yzadia n thicola , Phy tom yza spp. , Pseudon apom yza spi cat a ( Agromyzidae) ; Gy stip hora schmi dti ( Ce-cidomyiidae) ;Da cu s o leae ( Tephritidae) ; [ Diptera ] ; Aleyr odes pro let el lu s , Bem is ia tabac i , Te-tral ic ia eri an thi ( Aleyrodidae) [ Homoptera] ;Argyr es thia spp. ( Argyresthiidae) ; Bedelli a orchiel-la , Leu coptera mal if ol iella , Paral eu coptera sin u ella ( Lyonetiidae) ; Buccu latr ix crat aegi ( Buccu-latr igidae) ; Coleophor a l ari cella ( Coleophoridae) ; Coleo techn it es spp. ; Exoteleia p in if ol iella , Re-cu rvar ia sp. ( Gelechiidae) ;Donaci vola sa cchar ell a ( Elachistidae) ;Hol oca ci sta ri vill ei ( Heliozel-idae) ;Ma lacosom a spp. ( Lasiocampidae) ; Ocn er ostoma sp. ( Yponomeutidae) ; Para f omoria sp. ,Stigm ella spp. , Tri f u rcu la thym i ( Nepticulidae ) ; Phyll on oryc ter spp. ( Gracillariidae ) ; Te-tral opha r obu st el la ( Pyralidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Leiopu s n ebu losu s ( Cerambycidae) ; Ph yllo tretaaen eicoll is ( Chrysomelidae) ; Rhyn cha en u s qu ercu s ( Curculionidae) [ Coleoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Chongzuo, Dasin, Fangcheng, Jingxi, Napo, Pingxiang, Longzhou; Be-ijing; Gansu: Kangxian, Wenxian. All regions.

48 Neochr ysocharis ja zyga ErdÊ s , 1969 [New to China]Neochrysocharis j azyga ErdÊ s, 1969: 350. Validated by Hansson, 1990: 48.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Longzhou, Napo. Palearctic.

49 Ompha le longiseta Hansson, 1996 [ New to China]Omphal e lon g iset a Hansson,1996: 16.


Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin. Nearctic.

50 Ompha le masneri Hansson, 1996 [New to China]Omphal e m asneri Hansson, 1996: 32.Diagnosed by Hansson, 1997: 134.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Nearct ic and Neotropical.

51 Ompha le mel lea Hansson, 1996 [ New to China]Omphal e m el lea Hansson, 1996: 32.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Nearct ic.

52 Pediobius ela smi (Ashmead, 1904) [New to China]Asecodes el asm i Ashmead, 1904: 138. Transferred into Pl eu rot ropis by Gahan, 1951: 170; into Pedi obi us by Baltazar, 1966: 116.

Pleur otr opi s li vidis cu tu m Gahan, 1922: 49. Synonymized by Kerrich, 1973: 166.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Apan t eles agil is ( Braconidae) ; Ela smu s phil ippi n en si s ( Elasmidae )[ Hymenoptera] ;Arton a catoxan th a ( Zygaenidae) ; Chi lo in dicu s ( Pyralidae) ; Pt er oma sp. ( Psy-chidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Bessa r em ota ( Tachinidae) ; Sar coph aga sp. ( Sarcophagidae) [ Diptera] ;Cal opepla leayan a ( Chrysomelidae) [ Coleoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Napo. Australian/ Pacif ic, Oriental.

53 Pediobius eubius Walker, 1839 [New to China]Pedi obi us eu biu s Walker, 1839: 109. Transferred into Pediob ius by Graham, 1959: 190; lectotype desi gnated by Dawah, 1988:

1165.

Other synonyms are: Elacher tu s an gu lar is FÊ rster, 1841; Pleu r otr opis n it if r on s Thomson,1878; Pleur otr opis u ta hen s is Crawford, 1913; Pleu ro trop is lon gu s Girault, 1916; Amestochar isperdubiu s Girault, 1917.

Hosts. Parasitoid Ag rom yza parv ico rn is ( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera ] ; Ceph u s c in c tu s ( Ceph-idae) ;Eurytoma n oxi alis , Tetr am esa an gu sti pen n a , T . cal amag ros tidi s , T . exemi a , T . hyal ipen n is( Eurytomidae) [ Hymenoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo; Gansu: Kangxian, Wenxian. Nearctic, Palearctic.

54 Pediobius fa stigatus Kamijo, 1983 [New to China]Pedi obi us f as tigatu s Kamijo, 1983: 465.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin; Gansu: Zhugqu. Palearctic.

55 Pediobius meta ll icus ( Nees, 1834) [New to China]Eu lophus m etall icus Nees, 1834: 176. Transferred into Ent edon by Walker, 1848: 136; into Pleu rotr opis by Gahan, 1933: 133; into

Pedi obi us by Ferri�re, 1954: 400.

Other synonyms include: Pleu r otropis r ugosi thor ax Crawford, 1912; Pleu rotr opi s ka n sen s isGirault, 1918; En t edon acan t ha Walker, En tedon am yn ta s Walker, 1839; En tedon caen u s Walk-er, 1839; Heptom er u s caeru l eo-n iten s Rondani, 1874; Pediobiu s helian t hem el lae ErdÊs, 1961; Pe-diobiu s dor ycn i ella e ErdÊ s, 1961; Pleu rotr opi s brev ico rn is Thomson, 1878: 253.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Agrom yza spp. , Bu tomomyz a an gu la ta , Cerodon tha in ci sa , C . ir eo s ,Chr oma tom yia aspr ili n a , C . horti col a , C . syn gen esia e , Di zygom yza sp. , Lir iom yza bryon iae , L .str igat a , Parap hytom yza hen del ian a , P . popu li , Ph ytagromyz a p opu li col a , P . tr iden tate , Phy-


tom za a tri cor n is , P . echin op is , P . i lic is , P . mi lii , P . per ic lym en i , P . phil lyreae , P . pri mu l ae , P .ran un cu li , Phytobia v erbasc i ( Agromyzidae) ; Mayetio la d est ru c tor , M . phalar is , Rhabdoph agaspp. ( Cecidomyiidae) ; Peg omya ten era ( Anthomyiidae) [ Diptera] ; Alf aom ix an g u lif erella , Mi-cr u rapt er yx kollar iella , Phyll on oryc ter past orella , P . pom if ol iel la , P . p yrif oliella , P . sali ct ell a ,P . sc itu l ell a ( Gracillar iidae) ;Elachist a n igr ell a ( Elachist idae) ;Endoth en ia g en ti an aean a ( Tort-ricidae) ; Mar asm ia tra pez alis ( Pyralidae ) ; O sc in ella f r it ( Chloropidae ) ; Par af om ori a he-lian t hem el la , Stigm ella sp. , Tri f u rcu la eu r em a ( Nepticulidae) [ Lepidoptera ] ; Chysochar is pubi-corn is ( Eulophidae) ; Cyr toga ster vu lg ari s , Sph egi gaster pa lli cor n is ( Pteromalidae) ; It oplec tis a l-ter n an s ( Ichneumonidae) [ Hymenoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Napo, Pingxiang, Shangsi; Beijing; Gansu: Kangxian, Wenx-ian, Zhugqu; Australian/ Pacific, Oriental, Nearctic, Palearct ic.

56 Pediobius m itsukur ii (Ashmead, 1904)Derost en us m it su ku rii Ashmead, 1904: 161. Transferred into Pedi obiu s by Bou%cek & Askew, 1968: 95; redescribed and lectotype des-

ignated by Kamijo, 1977: 20.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Par n ara gu tta ta ( Hesper iidae) [ Lepidoptera] ; Phytomyz a a tricor n is( Agromyzidae) [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Napo. Palearctic.

57 Pediobius r egulus Kamijo, 1986 [ New to China]Pedi obi us regul us K amijo, 1986: 73.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Reported by Kamijo( 1986) to occur in Taiwan. Newly recorded from following

regions in China: Guangxi(Dasin, Fangcheng, Napo) , Gansu( Kangxian, Wenxian, Zhugqu) . Or-iental, Palearctic.

58 Pediobius vi ridi f rons (Motschulsky, 1863) [New to China]Ci rro spil us vir idif rons Motschulsky, 1863: 3. Transferred into Pediob ius by Bou%cek, 1965: 553.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. oriental

Subfamily Tetrastichinae

More than 31 species in 8 genera of this subfamily have been reported in China before thispaper. Several workers reported species of Apros tocet u s from China: Perkins ( 1912) , Guangdong;Miwa & Sonan ( 1935) , Taiwan; Thomson ( 1955) , Taiwan; Herting ( 1971, 1972) , Taiwan;Narasimham ( 1984) , Taiwan; Wu & Yang ( 1987) , Hunan;Wang & Hao ( 1988) , Jiangsu; LaSalle& Huang ( 1994) , Hebei and Taiwan; Yang ( 1996) described 4 species from Shaanxi, He-ilongjiang, and Guizhou. Yang ( 1989, 1990) found Chou i oia from Beijng, Shaanxi. Sheng & Wang( 1993) descr ibed a species and recorded another in Ci tros tichu s in Jiangxi. Bou%cek ( 1988 )recorded Eu lophoscot olin x viri dis Girault in Hainan. Thomson ( 1955) recordedMel ittobia a cas ta(Walker) in China. Li ( 1984) reported Oom yzu s scaposu s from Shandong. Zhu & Zou ( 1993) re-ported Oomyz u s sokolowskii in Hubei. Yang ( 1996) described Pl an otetra stichu s from Henan andNei Mongol. Shaefer et a l . ( 1986) reported Tet ras tichu s from Hongkong. Yang ( 1996) described9 species and recorded T. telon from Gansu, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Yunnan. Herting ( 1975) andThomson ( 1955) reported the occurrence of Tet ras tichu s howar di in China. Liao et a l . ( 1987)descr ibed Tetra sti chu s j in zh ou cu s from Liaoning and T . shaxia n en si s from Fujian. Herting( 1975) , Jiang et al . ( 1991) , Pu et al . ( 1988) , Zhang & Zhao ( 1986) reported the occurrence of


Tetr ast ich u s shoenobii from Guangdong and Hubei.

59 Apr ostocetus abydenus (Walker, 1848) [New to China]Tet rast ichus abyden us Walker, 1848: 151. Lectotype designated and transferred into Apr ost ocetu s by Graham, 1961: 55; Graham,

1987: 316.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Lyon eti a cl erkella ( Lyonetiidae) ; Phyl locn ist is tr em u lella ( Gracillar-iidae) [ Lepidoptera ] ; Rhabdoph aga h eterobia , R . margi n em torg u en s , R . ro sar ia , R . term in ali s ,R . pop u li ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

60 Apr ostocetus cauda tus Westwood, 1833 [ New to China]Apr ost ocetu s caudatu s Westwood, 1833: 444. Transferred into Tet rast ichu s by Walker, 1846: 78; into Aprost oc et us by Graham,

1987: 236.

Other synonyms are: Cirr osp ilu s mu t ilia Walker, 1839; Ci rro spil u s ph alis Walkr, 1839;Cir rospil u s t rabea Walker, 1839; Eu lophu s t ris tis Nees, 1834;Tetras tichu s crassicauda Thomson,1878.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Da sin eu ra alop ecu ri ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

61 Apr ostocetus ci liatus (Nees , 1834) [New to China]Eu lophus c il iatu s Nees, 1834: 189. Neotype desi gnated by Graham, 1987: 238; transferred into Tet rast ichus by Thomson, 1878:

294; into Apros toc etus by Graham, 1987: 238.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Rhabdoph aga het erobia ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Fangcheng, Napo; Gansu: Zhugqu. Palearctic.

62 Apr ostocetus ci tr inus (FÊ rster, 1841) [New to China]Eu lophus c it ri nus FÊ rster, 1841. Transferred into Apros toc et us by Graham, 1987: 312.

Tet rast ichus variu s Thomson, 1878: 294. Synonymized by Graham, 1961: 55; lec totype designated by Graham, 1987: 312.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Da sin eu ra alop ecu ri ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

63 Apr ostocetus clavicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) [New to China]En tedon cl avi cor nis Zetterstedt, 1838: 426. Transferred into Apros toc etus by Graham, 1961: 49; Graham, 1987: 257.

Ci rro spil us eudochus Walker, 1839: 204. Transferred into Tetr as ti chu s by Walker, 1848: 146; lectotype designated and synonymized

by Graham, 1961: 49.

Ci rro spil us l am i us Walker, 1839: 327. Tr ansferred into Tet rasti chu s by Walker, 1848: 146; lec totype designated and synonymized

by Graham, 1961: 49.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Con tar in ia tri tic i , Ol igot roph u s betu la e , O . skuhr avae , O . tar da ( Ce-cidomyiidae) [ Diptera] ;Drepan osi phum plat an oides ( Aphididae) ; Leu caspis pin i ( Diaspididae)[ Homoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

64 Apr ostocetus csokakoensis (ErdÊ s, 1969) [ New to China]Tet rast ichus c sokakoens is ErdÊ s, 1969: 48. Transferred into Aprost oc et us by Graham, 1987: 311.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Longzhou, Napo. Palearctic.

65 Apr ostocetus holoxanthus Graham, 1991 [New to China]Apr ost ocetsu holoxan thu s Graham, 1991: 93. New name poposed by Graham & LaSalle ( 1991) for pr imary homonym Aprost ocet us

f lavus Graham, 1987: 235, nec. Apros toc et us f l avu s Girault, 1913 ( Dec. 10) : 240.


Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Longzhou. Palearct ic.

66 Apr ostocetus microcosmus (Girault, 1917) [New to China]Tet rast ichus m icrocosm us Girault , 1917 ( May) : 22.

Tet rast ichus asperu lu s Graham, 1981: 2. Transferred into Apr ost ocetu s by Graham, 1983: 28; synonymized by Graham & LaS all e,

1991: 91.

Apr ost ocetu s granu latu s Ashmead, 1888: 105. Synonymized by Graham & LaSalle, 1991: 91.

Hosts. Associated with Hypharr hen ia h irta ( Gramineae) .Distribution. Guangxi: Shangsi. Afrotropical, Australian/ Pacif ic, Neotropical, Oriental &

Palearctic.

67 Apr ostocetus nubigenus Graham, 1986 [New to China]Apr ost ocetu s nu bigenu s Graham, 1986: 3.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

68 Apr ostocetus torquent is Graham, 1987 [New to China]Tet rast ichus t orqu en ti s Graham, 1987: 249.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Rhabdoph aga mar gin em at orqu en s ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Longzhou; Gansu: Kangxian. Palearctic.

69 Neotr ichopor oides dubius (Girault, 1913) [New to China]Tri chaporoi dell a du bia Girault , 1913 ( Dec. 10) : 224. Transferred into Neo tri chopor oides by Bou%cek, 1988: 675.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Jinxiu. Australian/ Pacif ic.

70 Neotr ichopor oides medi ter raneus Graham, 1986 [New to China]Neot richoporoi des m edi terran eu s Graham, 1986: 6.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Australian/ Pacif ic, Oriental, & Palearctic.

71 Neotr ichopor oides nyemitawus (Rohwer, 1921) [ New to China]Tet rast ichus ny em it awu s Rohwer, 1921: 131. Transferred into Neot richoporoi des by Graham, 1987: 68.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Atherigon a spp. (Muscidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Shangsi; Gansu: Wenxian; Jiangsu: Dantu.

72 Quadrastichus anysis (Walker, 1839) [ New to China]Ci rro spil us anys is Walker, 1839: 203. Lectotype designated by Graham, 1961: 42; transferred into Tetr asti chu s by Walker, 1846:

74; into Apr ost ocetu s by Graham, 1961: 42; into Quadrast ichus by Graham & LaSalle, 1991: 94.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Monart hropa lpu s buxi ( Cecidomyiidae) [ Diptera] .Distribution. Newly recorded from Guangxi: Dasin, Napo; Gansu:Wenxian, Zhugqu, Kangx-i

an; Shaanxi: Foping, Liuba, Zhouzhi.

73 Quadrastichus sa joi ( Szel�nyi, 1941) [ New to China]Myiom isa saj oi S zel�nyi, 1941: 92. Transferred into Aprost oc et us by Graham, 1961: 41; into Qu adr as ti chus by Graham, 1991: 71.

Apr ost ocetu s scabri col li s Graham, 1961: 18. Transferred into Tetr as ti chus by Domenichini , 1965: 101. S ynonymized by Graham,

1991: 71.

Hosts. Uncertain parasitoids of eriophyid galls.


Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Longzhou; Gansu: Kangxian, Zhugqu; Shaanxi: Foping, Liuba,Palearctic.

74 Tama rixia bicolor Mercet, 1924 [New to China]Tamari xi a bi color Mercet , 1924: 53.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Tr ioza chen op odii ( Triozidae) [ Homoptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Napo, Chongzuo. Oriental & Palearctic.

75 Tama rixia pubescens (Nees , 1834) [ New to China]Eu lophus pu besc en s Nees, 1834: 180. Lectotype designated by Graham, 1961: 41; transferred into Apro sto cetu s by Graham, 1961:

41; into Tamarix ia by Graham,1988: 27.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Tr ioza remo ta ( Triozidae) [ Homoptera] .Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic. Newly recorded from China.

76 Tetr ast ichus cl ito (Walker, 1840) [New to China]Ci rro spil us c li to Walker, 1840: 30. Lectotype designated by Graham, 1961: 39; transferred i nto Tetr as ti chu s by Walker, 1848:

147; into Apr osto cetu s by Grahan, 1961: 39.

Eu lophus cass idae Dufour, 1846: 20. Synonymized by Graham,1991: 267.

En tedon cass idaru m Ratzeburg, 1852: 248. Transferred into Apro sto cetu s by Graham, 1961: 40. Synonymized by Graham, 1991:

267.

Hosts. Parasitoids of Ca ssida d ef l orata , C . murr aea , C . r ubigi no sa , C . vir idi s ( Chrysomel-idae) ; Leiopu s n ebu losu s ( Cerambycidae) [ Coleoptera] .

Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Fangcheng, Napo; Shaanxi: Liuba. Nearctic & Palearctic.

77 Tetr ast ichus coelarchus Graham, 1991 [New to China]Tet rast ichus coel archu s Graham, 1991: 240.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Dasin, Fangcheng, Jingxi, Longzhou, Pingxiang; Jiangsu: Nanjing;

Zhejiang: Lincan; Yunnan: Funing. Palearctic.

78 Tetr ast ichus decrescens Graham, 1991 [New to China]Tet rast ichus decr es cens Graham, 1991: 271.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Napo. Palearctic.

79 Tetr ast ichus heter us Graham, 1991 [New to China]Tet rast ichus heterus Graham, 1991: 247.

Hosts. Unknown.Distribution. Guangxi: Shangsi. Palearct ic.

80 Tetr ast ichus howa rdi (Oliff, 1893)Eu plect rus howar di Ol iff , 1893: 381. Lectotype designated and transferred into Tetr as ti chu s by Bou%cek, 1988: 694.

Tet rast ichus ayyari Rohwer, 1921: 129. Synonymi zed by Bou%cek, 1988: 694.Apr ost ocetu s isr ael i Mani & Kur ian, 1953: 20; transferred into Tetr as ti chus by Husi an & Khan, 1986: 238. Synonymi zed by

Bou%cek, 1988: 694.

Hosts. Parasitoid of Apis m ellif era ( Apidae) ; Cotesia kaz ak ( Braconidae) ;Mall och ia pyr a-lidi s , Xan thop im pla st emmat or ( Ichneumonhidae) ; Ten ebrio m oli tor ( Tenebrionidae ) [ Hy-menoptera] ; Arg yria sp. , Cactobl asti s cac tor um , Chi lo part ell u s , Di atra ea sp. , El dan a sacchar i-n a, Try poryz a in cert u las ( Pyralidae ) ; Bat hytr ich a trun cata , Bu sseo la f u sca , Hel icover pa


arm igera , Sesa rm ia ca lam isti s , Sp odopt er a lit tora lis ( Noctuidae) ; Holo cerin a sm il ax ( Saturn-iidae) ; Og yris gen ov eva ( Lycaenidae) ; Opis in a ar en osella ( Oecophoridae) [ Lepidoptera ] ; Ex-ori sta bom byc is , E . sor bi llan s , Palexoris ta laxa , Para ther es ia cla ripa lpi s ( Tachinidae) ;Musca do-m est ica (Muscidae) [ Diptera] .

Distribution. Reported by Bou%cek ( 1988 ) to occur in Taiwan. Newly recorded fromGuangxi: Fangcheng, Napo. Afrotropical, Australian/ Pacif ic, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental, andPalearctic.

81 Tetr ast ichus telon (Graham, 1961)Apr ost ocetu s telon Graham, 1961: 8; transferred into Tet rast ichus by Domenichini, 1965: 94.

Hosts. Parasitoids of Agri lu s sp. ( Buprestidae) ; Sp haer otr ypes co imbator en s is ( Curculion-idae) [ Coleoptera] .

Distribution. Reported from Shaanxi by Yang ( 1996) . Guangxi: Napo. Palearct ic.

Discussion

Figs. 1 Regional Component Analysis( 1)Notes: 1. Afro. = Afrotropical, Aust . = Austtralian/ Paci fic , Near. = Nearct ic, Orien. = Or iental, Palea. = Palear ctic

2. species counted in one region might also occur i n others

Among 81 species in 27 genera reported in this paper, there are 7 genera and 68 species new-ly recorded from China ( Table 1) . As Guangxi locates in southwestern part of China, most Ch-inese entomologists, even foreigner scientists, would treat taxa occurring this area as Oriental com-ponents. A recent survey of Eulophidae fauna in Zhejiang ( Zhu & Huang, 2000) helped us to findfollowing results: 1) Zhejiang is composed of more than oriental and Palearctic components; 2) itis mainly of Palearct ic compoents. As Zhejiang is considered to be the transition zone between Or-iental and Palearctic regions, then what about Guangxi, which is considered to be mainly Oriental?In this paper, we also provided faunistic anlysis in two ways indicated in Zhu & Huang ( 2001) .Besides, we also proposed other two ways to further survey the Guangxi fauna.

In the first way, when one species was reported from one region and Guangxi, then we count-ed it for the regional component. This species might occur in only one region, or in more than tworegions. In Guangxi fauna, f ive species ( 6. 3% ) also distributed in Afrotropical regions, while 18species ( 22. 5% of all recorded from Guangxi) in Australian/ Pacif ic, 18 species ( 2215%) inNearct ic, 8 species ( 10%) in Neotropical, 31 species ( 38. 8% ) in Oriental, and 53 species


(6510% ) in Palearctic regions. From Fig. 1, we could conclude that: 1) eulophid fauna ofGuangxi is not only composed of Oriental components, but also of other regional ones; 2) compar-ing to Oriental components, Palearctic components are much higher. In a traditional view of zoo-geography, when one animal distributes in Guangxi, it is also considered as an Oriental compo-nent. We do not propose to have such a bias before we attempt to analyze Guangxi fauna, other-wise, the Oriental components increased to 80 species ( 100%) .

In the second way, we compare regional components between Guangxi and Zhejiang fauna.Comparing with eulophid fauna in Zhejiang, which province locates closer to Yangtz River, wefound changes of each component occur ( from Zhejiang to Guangxi) : 1) Afrotropical, decreasedfrom 11% to 6. 1% ; 2) Australian/ Pacif ic, almost the same, 23% in Zhejiang; 3) Nearctic, de-creased from 40% to 23. 5% ; 4) Neotropical, decreased a bit, 11% in Zhejiang; 5) Oriental, in-creased from 23% to 38. 8% ; 6) Palearct ic, decreased from 77% to 65. 0% . When we carefullycheck those eulophid species also distributed in Afrotropical and Neotropical, we found out that,most of them are spread throughout all regions. Thus, we do not think both components are help-ful for us to work out the faunistic characteristics of Guangxi eulophids. For Australian/ Pacif iccomponents, the eulophids are nearly always reported to occur only in Australia previously and inGuangxi by this paper. Such a concurrence in both Australia and Guangxi should indicate certainrelationships between two regions. Looking at Nearctic and Palearctic component, they both de-creased when we move further to more southern parts of China. Thus we concluded as follows: 1)Afrotropical and Neotropical components do exist in Guangxi fauna of eulophids, but they arewidely spread species; 2) Australian/ Pacif ic components would probably be widely spread ones, orindicate close relat ionships between Australian fauna and southern fauna in China; 3) decreasingin number, Palearctic and Nearctic components also occur in Guangxi; 4) not consider Guangxi aspart of Oriental regions before hand, we found Oriental components distinctly smaller thanPalearctic ones, but it did increase in number of species; 5) all regional components overlapped indistribution.

Figs. 2 Regional component analysis(2)Notes: 1. Afro. = Afrotropical, Aust .= Austtralian/ Pacif ic, Near. = Nearct ic, Or ien. = Ori ental, Palea. = Pal earctic

In the third way, we have to consider the different degree of taxonomy of Eulophidae in dif-ferent regions. For certain reasons, degree of study of this group of small insects varied much be-tween regions ( F ig. 2) . For example, Eulophidae is much studied in Palearct ic regions than any


Table 1 Species found in Guangxi and their preliminary component s analysis1)

taxongenus newto China

species newto China

Afrotr-opi cal

Austra-lian/

Pacif ic

Near c-ti c

Neotr-opical

Ori en-tal

Palea-rct i c

Subfamily Euderinae2) 6 40 48 28 20 46

Eu der us Haliday,18443) 6 21 34 9 12 21

11Eu deru s albi tars is ( Zetterstedt) * * < *

21Eu deru s li vidus ( Ashmead) * * * *

31Eu deru s so lidag in is Yoshimoto * * <

Subfamily Eulophinae 123 342 268 114 186 604

Al ophomor phell a Girault, 1913 1 1

41Al ophomor phell a i ll ust ri s ( Girault )

Ar oplect ru s Lin, 1963 3

51Ar oplect ru s di m eru s Lin *

Ci rro spil us Westwood, 1832 13 70 36 4 25 57

61Ci rro spil us di al lu s Walker * < *

71Ci rro spil us i ngen uu s Gahan * * * * *

81Ci rro spil us variegatu s ( Masi) * * * * *

Deut ereu lophus Schulz, 1906 * 10 2 2

91Deutereul ophus f r oudei ( Girault ) * * <

101Deutereul ophus t enn yson i ( Giraul t) * * <

Dimm ockia Ashmead, 1904 1 5 2 7

111Dimm ockia secu nda Crawford * *

El acher tu s Spinola, 1811 7 31 23 22 9 66

121El acher tu s au ri pes ( Girault) <

131El acher tu s charon das (Walker) <

141El acher tu s isadas Walker <

151El acher tu s laterali s Walker <

161El acher tu s si mi thorax ( Girault) <171El acher tu s sobr in us ( Girault & Dodd) <

Eu plect rom orpha Girault, 1913 13 4 1 16 2

181Eu plect rom orpha bi car inat a ( Ferri�re) *

Eu plect rophel in us Girault, 1913 * 1 1 1

191Eu plect rophel in us sai ntpi er rei ( Girault ) * * <

Eu plect rus Westwood, 1832 25 16 16 15 35 16

201Eu plect rus c eylon en sis Howard * *

211Eu plect rus f lavipes ( Fonscolombe) * < *

221Eu plect rus i ndi cu s Ferri�re * *

231Eu plect rus n oc tui diphagu s Yasumatsu * < *

241Eu plect rus m ani lae Ashmead * *

251Eu plect rus parvu lu s Ferri�re * *

261Eu plect rus peechans is Wijesekara & Schauff * *

( To be continued)

1) When one species was reported from one region, then we counted it for the regional component.2 ) Digit following each subfamily and under each region is the sum of the species number newly recorded and those reported by

Noyes ( 1998) .3) Digit following each genus and under each region is the sum of the species number newly recorded and those reported by

Noyes ( 1998) .


Table 1-continued

Hem iptar senus Westwood, 1833 7 6 8 12 45

271Hem iptar sen us u ngu ic el lus ( Zetterstedt) * < *

Hy ssopu s Giraul t, 1916 10 1 2 10

281Hyssopu s gen icul at us ( Hart ig) * < *

291Hyssopu s ni gr it ulu s ( Zetterstedt) < *

Platy pl ec tr us Ferri�re, 1941 * 3 11 1 16 10

301Platypl ec tr us bussyi ( Crawford) * *

311Platypl ec tr us corac inu s Wijesekara & Schauff * *

321Platypl ec tr us l aevis cu ta ( Thomson) * < *

331Platypl ec tr us m alayen si s ( Ferri�re) * *

341Platypl ec tr us or thocraspedae ( Ferr i�re) * *

351Platypl ec tr us vir idic eps ( Ferri�re) * *

Pni gal io Schrank, 1802 5 29 3 2 62

361Pni gal io agr au les (Walker) * < *

371Pni gal io pec ti ni corn is ( Linnaeus, 1758) * * * *

381Pni gal io katon is ( Ishii) * < *

S tenom esi us Westwood, 1833 7 3 3 3 9 10

391S tenom esi u japoni cu s ( Ashmead) * * * *

Sym pi esis FÊ rster, 1856 12 25 38 3 13 97

401Sym pi es is s tr iati opes ( Ashmead) * * *

411Sym iesis dol ichogas ter Ashmead * * * * * *

Subfamily Entedoninae 127 224 386 267 167 719

Chry sochar is FÊ rster, 1856 6 6 93 33 18 178

421Chrysochari s li ri omyz ae Delucchi * < *

431Chrysochari s orb icul ar is ( Nees) * * < *

441Chrysochari s puben s Delucchi * *

En tedon Dahlman, 1832 18 14 21 2 4 142

451En tedon gr ac il ior Graham * < *

Holcopel te FÊ rster, 1856 2 3 1 5 5

461Ho lcopel te sul ci scut a ( Thomson) * < *

Neochrysocharis Kurdjumov, 1912 4 5 30 7 6 35

471Neochr ysocharis f o rm osa (Westwood) * * * * < *

481Neochr ysocharis j az yga ErdÊ s * < *

Omphal e Haliday, 1833 2 18 53 47 5 55

491Omphal e lon g iseta Hansson * * <

501Omphal e m el lea Hansson * * <

511Omphal e m asneri Hansson * * * <

Pedi obi us Walker, 1846 56 45 52 8 57 118

521Pedi obi us elasm i ( Ashmead) * * *

531Pedi obi us eubi us Walker * * < *

541Pedi obi us f ast igatu s Kamijo * < *

551Pedi obi us m et alli cu s ( Nees) * * * * *

561Pedi obi us m it sukur ii ( Ashmead) < *

571Pedi obi us regul us Kamijo * * *

581Pedi obi us vir idif rons ( Motschulsky) * *

Subfamily Tetrastichinae 194 369 287 184 213 972

Apr ost ocetu s Westwood, 1833 53 233 92 59 62 404

591Apr ost ocetu s abyden us (Walker) * < *


Table 1-continued

601Apr ost ocetu s cau dat us Westwood * < *

611Apr ost ocetu s ci li at us ( Nees) * < *

621Apr ost ocetu s ci tr inu s ( FÊ rster) * < *

631Apr ost ocetu s cl avi co rni s ( Zetterstedt) * < *

641Apr ost ocetu s csokakoen si s ( ErdÊ s) * < *

651Apr ost ocetu s holoxan thu s Graham * < *

661Apr ost ocetu s mi cr oscosm u s ( Girault ) * * < *

671Apr ost ocetu s nu bigenu s Graham * < *

681Apr ost ocetu s tor qu en tis Graham * < *

Neot richoporoi des 11 12 1 3 5 17

691Neot richoporoi des dub iu s ( Girault ) * * <

701Neot richoporoi des m edi terraneu s Graham * * * *

711Neot richoporoi des nyem it awu s ( Rohwer) * * *

Qu adr as ti chu s Girault , 1913 1 13 3 5 54

721Qu adr as ti chu s an ysi s (Walker) * < *

731Qu adr as ti chu s sajoi ( Szel�nyi) * < *

Tamari xi a Mercet , 1924 * 3 3 4 1 3 32

741Tamari xi a bi co lor Mercet * * *

751Tamari xi a pubes cens ( Nees) * < *

Tet rast ichus Haliday, 1844 95 36 38 39 94 254

761Tet rast ichus c li to (Walker) * * < *

771Tet rast ichus coel archu s Graham * < *

781Tet rast ichus decr es cens Graham * < *

791Tet rast ichus het erus Graham * < *

801Tet rast ichus howardi ( Olif f ) * * * * * *

811Tet rast ichus t el on ( Graham) < *

total27 genera

81 spec ies4 60 5 14 19 8

* 29

< 5249

other one. so we would compare more of our specimens to those occur in this region and find moresimilar to them. However, for other regions, we could compare our specimens to fewer ones studiedthere. Thus, we divided each regional component in Guangxi by that of each region to remove theinfluence of variety of regional taxonomy. This way, we found, Oriental components to be the pre-dominant ones, and other regional components are relatively similarly lower( Fig. 2) .

In the fourth way, we find 17 distributional patterns in Guangxi ( F ig. 3) : 1) in 10 distribu-tional patterns, each contains only one species; 2) two species occur only in Australian/ Pacif ic+Oriental regions, 3 in Nearct ic, and 5 in Oriental+ Palearctic, 7 in Australian/ Pacif ic, 7 in Nearc-tic+ Palearctic regions; 3) fourteen species occur only in Oriental region; 4) thirty species occuronly in Palearctic regions. Comparing to the first two types of distr ibutional patterns, the lattertwo have more than half of whole Guangxi fauna. Comparing between Oriental and Palearct iccomponents in this way, in which way species are restricted to one region only, we found palearc-tic components are much higher.

Above all, we found the results obtained from the second and fourth way support those fromthe first way, but that from the third one a little different. But, we could conclude from the con-sensus of results that, 1) Guangxi is composed of more than Oriental components; 2) Palearct icand Oriental ones are predominant; 3) Palearctic components are always much higher than oth-ers. Basing on these results, we would not further conclude that, Guangxi is one of Palearctic re-


Figs. 3 Component analysis of distributional patterns

Notes: Af. = Afro. = Afrotropical, Nea. = Nearctic , O. = Or ie. = Ori ental, P. = Pale. = Palearcti c, Au. = Aust. =

Australian/ Pacif ic, Neo. = Neot. = Neotropical

gions. We wonder if eulophids fauna in China is mainly of Palearct ic origin historically.Tobetter understand the fauna characterist ics of Guangxi, we will work further in two ways:

1) check more materials available and determine them to species; 2) study more region, especiallythose around Guangxi, for comparison.

Acknowledgements This paper based mainly on materials collected during two field collectionsby the support of one major project from Chinese Academy of Sciences ( KZ915-B1-103) , which isto investigate animal fauna of Guangxi. Dr. John LaSalle helped us much in identif ication of ma-terials deposited in this inst itute. ZHANG Yang-Zhou and XIAO Hui also helped to obtain somefresh materials in Jinxiu, Guangxi.

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广西姬小蜂科分类学研究(膜翅目:小蜂总科)

朱朝东黄大卫(中国科学院动物研究所北京 100080)

摘要

根据 1998~ 2000 年作者在广西南部山区的采集, 结合中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆馆藏标本的研

究,报道了该科 4 亚科27 属81 种在广西的分布,其中, 4属 60种是中国新纪录。本文对前人和作者最近对中

国姬小蜂科的分类研究简单作了综述,并对广西的姬小蜂科物种进行了初步的组分分析。根据现有材料得出

结论是: 1)广西的姬小蜂科区系成分以东洋区和古北区成分为主; 2)多个区系成分分布相互重叠、交错。

关键词膜翅目,姬小蜂科, 分类学,新纪录, 广西.

中图分类号 Q9691 5451 3


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A taxonomic study on Eulophidae from Guangxi, China (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)