Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
•"f
HAw A\ItM~".;~ ~? '~ i. '~~ ~
ALMANAC AND ANliD¥t-(
/ ,FOR -}t
"* 189 7°tf¢_ _.. -
A HAND BOOK OF INFORMATION
ON MATTERS RELATING TO THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. ORIGINAL
AND SELECTED. OF VALUE TO MERCHANTS.
TOURISTS ANLJ OTHERS.
_..---.....--
THOS. G THRUM, COMPILER AND PUBLISHER,
HONOLULU:PRESS PUBLISHIP,;C CO.• STJ:::"~1 PRI!'/T.
1~97
4"3-;'10
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
22232424252627272829:;031323334353637383!J
:~9
40-4142-43
4445464748
PAGE.
Holidays, Church Days, Eclipses, Conjunctions, Standard Time...... .... .. 5-6Calendars, First, Second, Third and Fourth Quarter ..............•...... 7-10The Census of 189li. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ......................• ] ILatest Census Returns, Sept. ISUli.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ]2Census Tables, ISUO-U6, by Districts; Comparative ]S36-96............. ]3School Statistics, IS92-U4.. . . . . .. .. ..•.... ....••................... ]5Inter· Island Distances-by sea: Channel and Ocean Distances ' ]0Overland Distances--Uahu, Kauai. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . ] 7
Maui, Hawaii.. .. ]S-20Elevations principal loeations throughout the Islands 20-21Dimensions of Kilauea, Mokuaweoweo, Haleakala, lao Valley.. . .. . . 2]
Selection from Custom House Tables, IS95-Import values HawaiianIslands . .
Customs Imports, lS95. . . . ' ...............••..............·--Receipts, ISU5 . .
Value Domestic Exports; Value oil Imports, IS95 .Domestic Exports, shuwing- countries to which exported, IS95 .Comparative Table Quantity and Value Domestic Exports, IS91-94 .--Quarterly Table of Exports, IS9J-llli .--Nationality of Vessels in Foreign Carrying Trade, 1889-95 .--Table of Principal Exports. JSlili-95.............................•..--View of Commerce Hawaiian Islands, IS66-95 .--Table of Import Values from various Countrits, IS90-95 .Annual Sugar Plantation Exports from 1875. Lahor Statistics, etc .lpternal Taxes Biennial Periods, 187:l-95; Annual Taxes from 1876 .Statement of Taxes for 18ll5-District of I ionolulu: .
First Uivisioll (Uahu) .~ecolld" (\Iaui) .Third (Hawaii" .Fourth'~ (Kaun-i) .Summary ......................•........
Receipts, Exp. and Debt of liawaii, !::liennial Periods, 1856-!J5 ,.Bonded Debt, Ilawaiian Islands, necemher 31st, 1895 '"Land Statistics-Area of Grants, L. C. Awards, etc.... . . .Table of Rainfall, Principal Stations Hawaiian Islands, 1895-6 .Summary Meteorological Obsel vations, Honolulu, 18U5-6 .Table of License Rates. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .Passenger Statistics, IS!l;;; I lawai,'s Trade Balance since IS;U .Hawaiian Reg-isiered Vessels .....................................•....Variety of Fish in Hono.uJu Ma:ket
1\'
. otable Trips of Pacific Ocean Steame"Clipper P,...!(es to and from the Coast
J :\ Mid- Pacific College .Native Plants 01 the Ilawaiian Islands .Proportions of the II awaiian FI.>g .... , ..Moku3.wcoweo in Activity . .
\lark Twain's DreamI bwaii', Eastern Sugar Fleet of 18!J6-- ew 5e31 and Coat of Arms .Ob olete Street Names... . .Legend of O,d1l,"ui .Hawaiian Epidemics .
, --Opera Iiouse Redivivus .Geue,is and Evolution 01 Honolulu Dailies
EpISode in Honoluln.Harbor in 1845 ..An Histnric Residence .The Royal Palm .I bw.ii's Oldest ResidentRet rospect for 1896 .. ,Information for Tourists, etc .. . ,. . . . . .Ha\vaiian 'r:\rifT , .
Port Charges. I fonolulu . .Hawaiian Islands Postal Service .. ,. . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .List of Sugar Plantations, Mills and Cane Growers .Tables of CoRee Growers .Post Office 'itatistics; Area. Elevation and Population of Hawaiian IslandsOcean ~'lail Steamer Time Table, 1897 .Court '"lendar . .Register and Directory .....•..................•....................Index.. . .
r"",")F.·I!I
4~
.',Il 5-l:,.; if!
71171- i\1
7!l-8~
M-811S6- 1'0
-8!19O-9f,
\1:;-101
1ll1-IO~
108-111III
I J:!-Il:-
Iii118-124124-1:11'138-14:1144-15;'
1;;5-1;
156--15\115!l-II.iOIfi 1- H;:~
IG4I 65-1 l.ili
16716 178179-18:1
California FertiJiz~r \\·orks .Castle & Cooke .. Shipping & Comm.Castle, W. R AttorneyCatton, Neill & Co Fuundry
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS.
PAGEl PAGE:\han2, W. \V Tailoring :WJordan, E. W DryGoods. dC I:!.'\ lien & Robinson Lumber I ~
,Kahului Railroad Co '" !IBeaver Lunch Room .. Refreshments 25Benson. Smith & Co Drug!!ists 1 Lewers & Cooke ... Lumber, etc. on backBishop & Co Hankers 14 London. Liverpool & Globe Ins Co. I:lB1,ke, Moffitt & Towne Paper IIBrewer & Co .... Shipplllg & Comm. 2 Vlanhattan Lite Insurance Co.. .... l:l
May & Co Groceries 263 Mcinerny Shoe ~tore , . 177 Mcintyre & Bros Groceries Iii!
16 Morgan, Jas. F Auction & Comm 2Z7 \'1 urray, T. B Wheelwnght, etc JS
Davies & Co., T. I I .. Imp. & Comm. 19 Oahn Railway and Land Co ... 2nd 1'" covDayton, David .. Real Est& Bus Agt 21 Oldest Book Bindery.. 164-Dimond, W. W 3rd pag-e cover Ordw.cy & Porter F,'rniture, etc 12
Ehler< & Co., B. F .. Dry Goods, etc I !.I Pacific Guano & Fertilizer Co. . IIElite Ice Cream Parlors.. .. .. .. 21 Pacific Hardware Co " 18
Paradise of the Pacific. Monthly pub 20Fireman's Fund Ins. Co...... ..... 14 Pelton \\'ater v\ heel Co........... I J
Germania Life Ins. Co. 10 Phillip~ & ~·o Imprs Dry Goods, etc 24Grinbaum & Co .... Imptrs & Comm 2:3 Press I ublIshlng Co .... Job Pnnters 22
..,IRamona I iotel (San Francisco).. 9Hackfeld & Co. " Shipping & Comm uHagey I nstitute, The.. . . . . . . . . . . . 21. Schaefer & Co ..... Imptng & Comm 26Hall &. Son, Ltd ..... Hardware. etc 16 '-;chmidt Label and Lithograph Co.. IIHawaIIan Abstract & Tille Co .. 2d p. cov Schmidt & Sons Imptnu & Comm 24Hawaiian Fertilizing C:o . . . . . . . . . . . 2:l/spreCkelG & Co, C'laus ...~ . Banking 4HawaIIan Hardware Co.. .... .... 10Ha\vaiian News Co .. Stationery. etc 1~IThrum, T. G Stationery, etc 15HollIster Drug Company. The..... ' 2" Th F W S' 21Hollister & Co Tobaccos, etc 25 rum, . ' urveYlllg
Honolulu Iron \Norks Co.·......... 2?/U p Town Bouk Store... .4th p. coyHonolulu Manne Railway. . . . .. .. .. 13Hotel Ram.?na (San Francisco) ...:. 9 Waterhouse, Henry .. Real Est & Ins 23Hustace, Chas Grocenes 20 Waterhouse, J. T .. Fancy Goods, etc 24H ustace & Co .. Draymen, etc. :lrd p. COy Welch & Co ..... Shipping & Comm ~Hyman Bros Imptg & Comm. 12 \\'ilder & Co........ .L"mber, etc 9
Irwin & Co, Sugar Fcts & Com Agts 5 Wilder's Ste.mship Co.......... . . 8
Jacobson, E. A Jeweler, etc 16,Yanase & Co Comm, etc 1\1
(f
HAWAIIAN ANNUAL C'ALENDAR FOR 1896.
The I 19th year'since the discuvery of the Ilawaiian Islands by Captain CookThe lifty-fo.lr.h year since the restor,ltiun of the Hawaiian lLlg, and recogni·
lion of Hawaiian Independence.Fifth year since the eStablishment o~ the Pravis:onal Government,S"cond h .df of the third year and lir.;t ha.f of the tourth year since declaring
the REPUBLIC OF HAWAII.
HOLIDAYS OBSERVED AT THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
" New year Jan. 1 \* Hinh!!ay Ilawali's Republic.July 4" ~)()wnf"IJ (If tile ~loll,.rLhy . .J.an. 17 American Anni,·ersary ..: .... )uly 4Cillnese New year feh. I • R"'galla Uay (Third ~ ,t.) Sept. 18Kameham..,ha III. Birthday .. Mar., 171 " H.ecognitioll of Hawaiian In-Good Fnday " Apnl 16 dependence , Nov. 28Birth or Queen Victuria ' May 241 Thanksgiving D'iy Nov. 26f)ecoration O~y May 30 "Christmas....... . Dec. 25" Kamehameha Day Julle II I
Thos' distinguis!'ed by Oil ASluisk h,lve ;'een est,.!Jli"hed as !'ational holidaysby Legislative <,llaCI.I elll; see La" s 1896, Acts 66.
Russian New Year, Greek Cal. Jan. 13 I Jewis!' New Year, 5658 ..... ooStp. 27
CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES.
Dominical Letters C ISolar Cycle ............•... - - 2Epact _ 26 Roman Indiction 10GUlden ·umber XVII Julian P-:riod 6610
CHURCH D!ws.Epiphally Jan. 6\ Asc~n,,!on Day May 27Ash Wedne;;day , liar. 3 I Whit ~unday June 6First Sunday in Lent. Mar. 7 Trinity Sunday 00 •••• • .June 13GOud Friday _ AI-JIll 16 I CO'l"'S '·hristi ...........•..June 17Easter Sunday Aplil 181 Arh·.ent Sunday N· v. 28
Chn',tmas Dec. 25
ECLIPSES IN (,"97.In the ypar 1897 there wid be two Eclil,ses, both o,j the Sun.£. An Allnu~ar Eclip"e of the ~un Feb. 1st.. not visihle in the Hawaiian
Islends. Its path eXTends from the north p"int of New Zealand to Venezuela.II. An Annular Eclipse (If the S n July 29th, nUl visible in the Hawaiian
Islands. Its tr~ck p'lsses through Central Mexicu, the West Indies ana Cape
St. Roque, South America.
PLANETARY PHENOMENA.
Mercl1TY may be looked for as Evening Star ahout .Ian. 5th, April 27th, Aug.26th and Dec. 2cth; as Morning ~tar Feb. 15th. June 15th and Oct. 7th .
Venus will be Evening Slar until April 28th, 'tlaining its gr,atest brightnessMarch 21st; it will be Moo-ning Star the r~st of the year, being brightest ]un.. 3rd.
Jupiter will be Evening and Morning Star until M 'y 21st.. then Even'ing :->taruntil September I~th; then Morning Star the rest of the year. It is in opposi
tion, and therefore brightest, Feb. 22nd.
Saturn will be Evening and lorning Star until Feb. 19th. Evening Star untilNnv. 24th, then Morning Star the rest of the year. It is in opposition May 2nd.
Mars will be Evening and Morning Star until Mar. 18th, then Evening Staruntil Nov. 20th. then Morning Star the rest of the year. It is in oppositionMarch 21St.
CONJUNCTIONS.
January 27th, 3 h. 21 m. a.m.• Saturn and thc Mt.on.March 16th. 6 h. ° m. p. m., Jupiter and the Moon.April 4th, I h. 30 m. p.m., Venus and the Moon
(In the evening they will be still near together.)April 8th, 3 h. 38 m. a.m., Mars and E ·ieminorum. [Very close. IApril 8th, 10 h. 30 m. p.m., Mars and the Moon. [Close.lApril 13th, ° h. 34 m. a m., Jupiter and the Moon.June6th, 8 h. 8 m. p.m.. Jupiter and the Moon.Tuly 9th, 10 h. 42 m. p. 10., Sat urn and the Moon.July 25th, 4 h. .10 m. a.m., Mars and Jupiter. [The Planets at time of setting
July 24th will be quite close together.]fuly 31, Moon, Jupiter and Mars, will form an interesting group, but too near
the Sun to be seen well.September 29th, 9 h. 11 m. p. m.. Saturn and the Moon.October 5th. 9' h. 30 m. p. m, Mercury and Jupiter. Very close. The
Planets will still be near on the morning of the 6th, but too near the Sun tobe seen except with a telescope.
October 19th, 10 h. 30 m. a.m., Jupiter and Venus. The Planets will be quitec1ose.toe;ether in the early mornine;.
October 23rd. 5 h. 54 m. p.m., Venus and the Moon; Jupiter being also quitenear. The three will form a striking group on the morning of the 23rd.
December 12th, q h. 30 m. a.m., Venus and Saturn. Quite close before sunrise,although too near the sun.
December 24th, 6 h. 19 m. p.m., Mercury and the Moon.December 30th, ° h. 30 m. p.m., Venus and Mars. Very close, but the planets
are too near the Sun to be st:en except with a telescope.
STANDARD AND LOCAL TIME.
The Standard Time of the Hawaiian Islands is that of Longitude 1570 30' W.,10 h. 10 m. slower than Greenwich Time. The time of sunrise and sunsetgiven in the tables is of course local time; to correct this to standard time. addor substract a correction corresponding with the differences between 1570 30'and the longitude of the station.
The corrections would be for the following stations.STATION. CORRECTION. STATION. CORRECTIONS.
Niihau, + 10.8 m. Wailuku, Maui - 4.0 m.~ana, Kauai + 9.0 m. Haiku, Maui .. , - 4.8 m.Koloa, Kauai. + 7.9 m. Hana, Maui. - 6.0 m.Kilauea, Kauai + 7.3 m. Kailua, Hawaii - 6.2 m.Waialua, Oahu + 2.5 m. Kohala, Hawaii........... 7.0 m.Kahuku, Oahu, . . . . . . . . . .. + 2.0 m. Kuk uihade, Hawaii - 8.0 m.Honolulu, Oahu .. ' . ',' ..... + 1.5 m. Punaluu, Hawaii........ 8.0 m.Kalae, Molokai.. . 2.0 m. Ookala, ·Hawaii - 9.0 m.Lanai. . . . . . . . .. . . . . 2.5 m. Hila, Hawaii - 9.8 m.Lahaina, Maui - 3.0 m.
FIRST QUARTER, 1897.
MARCH.._--==-==--.-
i::J i::J GIl~:::
~:::..., ::: "
~ ~ ~GIl
::: .~:::-
'" ,,;:.~
--- ------
I'. 'i, M.
J ~t:w ~Ioon.. 1.26 A.M.II Fir..., (Juart~r. ".S8 A.M,
,8 Full ~rO\)n.... 10.58 A.~.orS I.a...., (Juartcr 1.30 A.\4.
~
cr.~
u. JANUAR~.. ". I'". FEBRUA,~~;.2 New ~'oon.... 1.jl ",Ilol. II NC" ~looll ..... \/.-4J A..\t.
00 "'irs' Qunrter. 11,16 \. 'I. tI ":ir" lJuarter ...•. 55 A.~l..S Full Moon.. q·41 ", \I. .6 "ull ~roon..... 11.'" A. ,t.IS Last Quarter.. 9·J A.M 2l La.. , tJuartcr .. 5.14 A. .\1 •
I~ 'i::J i::J
: II'~ ~:::"~
• 11.~1. 11.~1 11.\1. 11.~1. II.M. II.M
IIFri 6 3l) 25 :lO' I :\Ion .. 637355° I ~lon .. 620160472 Sal 6 38 ~ 5 30 9 2 Tue,.. 6 36 95 51 4 2 Tue,.. 6 19 36 0S I
35UN.. 6 38 75 31 6 3\\'e".. 6 36 55520 3 "'cd.. 6 I 56°554 1\'Ion .. 6 39 ° 5 32 3' 4, ~hur,. 6 36 I 5 52 6 4 Thurs. 6 17 7 6 0S 95 Tucs.. 6392532915,""'" 6 35 65532 5 Fri 616 9 6 06 36 Weel .. 6 39 d 5 33 611 6,Sat ... 6 35 25 53 8 (j Sat 6 16 06 06 77 Thurs. 6 39 6 5 34 3 7 S ;\ .. 6 34 7 5 54 4 7 SUN.. 6 15 2 6 07 '8 Fri b 39 85 34 IJ 8 :\1'JIl. 634 15 54 9 S Mon .. 6 14 4607 49· al 6 39 95 35 6 9 Tue,.. 6 33 75 55 4 9 TIles.. 6 13 56 07 i
10SUN.. 640 1536 31 IO \\'ed .. 6332556 ° loWed .. 6 126608 III Mon . 6 40 2 5 37 ° III Thu". (, .\2 65 56 5,1 II ·l:hurs. 6 II 76 08 412Tucs,.64035377' 12Fri 63215570 121'" 6109608813 Wed. 640453 4,13Sal 6315557~ 13Sat 6100609'14 Thurs. 6404539 ° 14 SU:\ .. 6 309558 ° 14 S U:\ .. 6 DC) J 6 DC) 415 Fri ... 6 40 4 5 39 7 I 5 :\1on .. 6 30 2 5 5 5 15 \I un .. 6 2 6 09 7,6 Sal.. 6 40 45 40 41,16 Tues.. 6 29 65 59 ° 16 Tues .. 6 07 316 10 117SUN.. 6 40 454 1 'I 17 Weel .. 629°5 59 5' 17 Wed .. 6 06 4610418 Mon .. 6 40 35 41 7 18 Thur_. 6 2l) 6000 18 Thurs. 605 46 10 719ITue'" 6 40 3542 4 19 VIi 6277600 4 19 Fri 6 0456/1 °20 Wed .. 6 40 25 43 I 20 Sat 6 27 06 00 9 20 Sat 6 03 66 II 321/Thurs.6 4o 15437,21 SL·C\ .. 62636014 21 SU ' .. 60266 II 622 Fri. " 6 39 95 44 4 ' 22 :\Ion .. 6 25 66 01 9 22 :\Ion ... 6 01 76 12 923,Sat. , . 6 39 7 5 45 1 23 Tu~~ .. 6 24 96 ()2 3 23 Tiles.. 6 00 86 12 324 S N.. 6 39 5 5 45 7 24 Wp<1. . 6 24 I 6 02 7 24 \\' cd. 5 59 916 12 625 Mon. 6 39 15 46 4 '25 Thllr-. 6 23 416 0; 1 25 Thur,. 5 59 06 II Q26/Tue .. 6 391547,1 26Fri .. 622 66035 261ooi .. 55 1613227 Wed .. 6 38 9'5 47 71127 Sat ... 6 21 i 6 03 8 27 :-Oat 5 57 26 13 5281Thurs.6 38 754831 28SUN .. 62096043 2 :\Ion 5562613829 Fri. ... 6 38 45 4 9 1129 Tu eS 5 55 36 14 130ISat.. 16 38 ° 5 49 5 30 "'eel. 5 54 4 6 14 4
31 UN .. 637 75 50 2 3_I_T~1l .:.-UL~7
THE First Type Writing Machine ill thest islands was'received by Messrs, Dillingham & Co. 111 ug'l1st of I 75, alittle over twenty-one years al{o. As elstwhtre, their adoptionfor general use was slow for some time, but of late years theirutility is so recognized that no less than forty· six were importedin 1895, valued at 3,743.45.
SECOND QUARTER, 1897.
APRIL.D. H. 1\1.
I, New Moon ..... 5.54 P.I\'1.
9 First Quarter... Q.57 1'.1\'1.16 Full Moon..... 7.55 1'. i\I.
23 Last Quarter ... 11.18 A. J\I.
MAY.D.
I New Moon..9 First Quarter..
16 F'ullMoon ...22 Last Quarter..31 New Moon.
H. i\'1.
10.(6 A.I\!.
I I. 7 A.M.
3.25 A.I\1.II. 4 P.M.
1.56 A.M.
JUNE.D. H. M.
7 First Quarter... 8.32' r.M.14 ll~ull ~1oon .... 1.0.32 A.M.
'2 r Last Ql1arter 0.54 P. M.29 New Moon..... 4.25 P.M.
0 0 C/) C/)
~ ~ " ";< ;!
~ ~ ~C/)
"~ ~ " ~
'";:t :"'"-- ------
H. M. H. M.
I Thurs. 5 52 6,6 15 °2 Fri 5 51 716 15 43 Sat 5 50 8 6 15 74 SUN.. 5 49 96 16 °5 Mon .. 5 49 06 16 36 Tues.. 5 48 I 6 16 67 Wed.. 5 47 36 16 98 Thurs. 54646 17 39 Fri ... 5 45 5 6 17 6
10 Sat. . . 5 44 6 6 17 9II SUN.. 5 43 86 18 2
12Mon··5 43 0618 513 Tues.. 5 42 26 18 814 Wed.. 5 4 1 36 19 I15 Thurs. 5 40 5 6 19 ~
16 Fri 5 39 7 6 19 817 Sat 5 38 96 20 I
18 SUN.. 5 38 I 6 20 519 Mon .. 5 37 36 20.820 Tues.. 5 36 46 21 221 Wed.. 5 35 66 21 622 Thurs. 5 34 96 21 923 Fri 5 34 I 6 22 3
. 24 Sat 5 33 4 6 22 7
251SUN"15 32
76 23 °26 Mon .. 5 32 06 23 427 Tues.. 5 31 316 23 828 Wed.. 5 30 6 6 24 2291Thurs.15 30 016 24 530 We I.. 5 29 316 24 9
01 tl ~:::' ~:::. ~~ ~
..?
~I ~ ~ ~ i~I ~ ~ I. ~-1--- --;:;-:-~~-~t~:-;- - --~~~~
I Sat. .. 5 28 716 25 3 I Tues.. 5 17 26 38 32 SUN .. 5 28 116 25 7 2 Wed .. 5 17 I 6 38 731Mon .. 5 27 516 26 I 3 Thurs. 5 17 I 6 39 I
4 Tues .. 5 26 '8
1
6 26 5 4 Fri. _. 5 17 06 39 45 Wed .. 5 26 3 6 26 7 5 Sat. .. 5 17 ° 6 39 86lThurs. 5 25 7 6 27 3 6 SUN.. 5 16 96 40 27lFri ... 5 25 26 27 7 7 Mon .. 5 16 96 40 68Sat · .. 5 2461628 I 8 Tues .. 5 17064099 SUN.. 5 24 16 28 5 9 Wed .. 5 170 6 41 3
lOMan .. 52371629 ° IOThurs.5 1706 ,p 6II Tues.. 5 23 2 6 29 4 I I Fri 5 17 I 6 42 °12 Wed .. 522816298 12 Sat 51726423:3
IThurS. 5 22 46 30 3 13 SUN.. 5 17 36 42 6
4Fn .. ·5 21963° 7 14Mon .. 51746428IS Sat. .. 5 2 I 5 6 31 I 15 Tues.. 5 17 66 43 I16 SUN.. 5 21 116 31 5 16 Wed .. 5 17 86 43 417IMon .. 5 2086 31 9 17 Thurs. 5 17 9 6 43 718ITues.. 5 2046324 18 Fri 5.18 1643919 Wed.. 5 20 I 6 32 8 19 Sat 5 18 36 44 220 Thurs. 5 19 8·6 33 2 20 SUN .. 5 18 4 6 44 421 Fri 51956336 21 Man .. 5 186644622 Sal 5 19 26 34 I 22 Tues.. 5 18 86 44 823ISUN.. 5 18 96 34 5 23 Wed 5 19 16 45 °24 Mon .. 5 18 66 35 ° 24 Thurs. 5 19 36 45 I
25 Tues.. c; 18 3 6 35 4 25 Fri 5 19 616 45 226 Wed .. 5 18 16 35 9 26
I
Sat 5 199645427 Thurs.!5 '7 916 36 2 27 SUN .. 5 20 26 45 528IFri ... 5 '17 716 36 7 28 Mon .. 5 20 Sl6 45 6291sal."j5 175 6 57 11129Tues .. 5 2086 45730 SU"l .. 5 17 4 6 37 5 30 Wed.. 5 21 16 45 831Mon .. 51736379 .
THE following Type Writers-all of them designated as highclass machines-have established agencies in Honolulu, viz:The Caligraph, Densmore, Hammond, Peerless, Remington,Smith-Premier, Sterling, Yost and recently the Hartford. Theimports for 1996 will greatly exceed the previous year.
THIRD QUARTER, 1897.
JULY. AUGUST. SEPTEMBER.O. H. M. 10 H. M. IJ. U. M.7 First l}uarter... ]. , A.M. .s First Quarter 7.S1 A.M. 3 First Quarter... 0.4) P.M.
13 Full Moon.... 6.'2 '.M. n full Moon.. ).SJ A. \to 10 Full ~Iu(ln. '" ].4' P....411 Last Quarter.. ..38 A.M,\\19 Last Quarter. 'II-59 P.M. 18 I...·....t Qua.rter. '" 4". P.M.'9 New Moon..... S·' A.M. 27 New,\lvun... 4·S9~'iI2~ cw Moon ).16 A.M.
t:! t:! I CIl CIl~' I CIl 'Cil tl tl en CIl~ ~ ~ i II ~ ~ i ~ ~.~ i :~~I~ CIl~Cl ~ ~IClCl ~ ~'" =- '> ~ lot =- I:> _ "" ..t: ~ ,~ . ...." ~ . ....1 ~ ~ :
!~'-I-I'!'~--_:II~I~--·1-:IIThur '1;'2~'51~'4~\ I ·Ul\ .. ;-3;·4~l.t·4 I Wcd .. ~\~'51~"'~'52 Fri ... 5 21 86 45 911 2 Mon .. '5 33 7 6 37 9 2 Thurs. 5 43 716 14 63 at .. · 5 22 16459 3 Tue .. 5 34 16 37 3 3 F,i 5 44 06 13 74 SUN.. 5 22 56 45 9 4 Wed .. 5 34 56 36 II 4 Snt 5 44 2,6 12 85 Mon .. 5228645 S 5 Thur .15 34 96 6 2 5 SUN.. 5 44 516 II 96 Tues.. 5 23 26 45 SI 6 Fri ... 5 35 3 6 35 6 6 ~Ion. 5 44 1116 II 0
7 Wed.. 5 23 66 45 8, 7 Snt .. '1535616350 7ITucs.·5 45 116 100S Thurs. 5 23 9 6 45 7 SIS .. 5 36 06 34 4 SI Wed .. S 45 36 09 I9 Fri 5 24 3 6 45 6 9 'Ion .. 5 36 46 33 7 9 Thurs. 5 45 6'6 08 r
10 at 5246645 51 1 10 TucS .. /5 36 76 33 1110 Fri 5 45 607 I\I UN .. 52506454 II Wcd.. 53716323 II ·nt 5 46 1606 212 Mon. '1 5 25 4 6 45 311 12 Thurs. 15 37 46 .II 7 12 SUl\ .. 5 46 46 05 213Tues··5 25 S6 45 I 13Fri···15 37 7 6 31 0 13i\lon .. 5 46 66 04214Wed'.!5262j64491114Sal.. 5316103 14Tuc .. 546 603315 Thurs. 5 26616 44 7 15 SUN.. 5 3 4'6 29 6 15 Wed .. 5 47 1602 316Fri ... 5 27 06 44 51 16~'lon"15 3 762 16 Thurs. '473601417131"'152746443 17Tue .. 539162 , 17Fri .. '476'6004IS SUN.. 527 SI6 44 011
1 Wed .. 5 3946 27 3 I ~al ... 5 47 5 59519IMon .. 52S26437 19Thur·153976265 19. Ur'\" ' 4 11558520Tue "152 616434 20rri ... 5 400625 7 20~lon .. 5 4 3557621lwed.. 5290643 I 21 '3t .. 54036249 21 Tue,.. 5 4 6556622 Thur . 5 29 46 42 22 ') .~ .. ' 40 66 24 \ 22 Wed .. '4 5 55 723 Fri .. '15 29 SI6 42 4 23 ~'Iun .. ' 40 96 23 3 23 Th"rs. 5 49 115 54 7241 at ... 5 30 2 6 42 I 24 Tue. 5 41 2 6 22 5 24 Fri ... 5 49 '5 53251 UN .. 5306641 7 25 \\ed .54 1 56216 25 Sat. .. 5 49 61 5 5226Mon"15 310164\ 3 26 Thur.. 54 1 '1620 26S ~ 499551927Tue .. 5 3' 4 6 40 S 27 Fri ... 15 42 16 19 27 ~I()n .. ' 021, 5°928wed"1531 6 404 2 . al"\5 42 46 19 9 2 1'''1'' .. 550 ,50 029lThur. 5 32 216 39 9/ 29 1
, un ... 5 42 76 I 0 29 Wed .. 5 50 15 49 I30 Fri 5 32 6639 4 30~lon .. 5 4306 17 2 30 Thurs. 5 'I 154 131 Sat 5 33 016 311 9 31 Tues.. 5 43 26 16 34._---------
THE Bicycle fad posse e Honolulu as it has most otherplaces where the wheel has been introduced. The Kood roadsof the city and vicinity, and uniform good wl:<llher has madethis possible. There were 2 2 bicycles importl:d in I, \15, at aninvoice value of 16,413.93, and this promise' to be largelyexceed~d in 1 96.
FOURTH QUARTER, 1897.=== ===-===-==--=---=-----=------===
OCTOBER. --1- NOVEMBER. -'-j--O-E-C-E-MBER.
~. First Quarter K,..M; P.M. 0; First Quarter... H~. ~;. A.M., 08 Full Moon....•• H6.~~ P.M.10 Full Moon 6.12 P.M. 8 Fulll\'looll ....• 11.20 '·.M. 16 Last Quarter 5.52 P.M.18 Last Quarter 10.39 A.M. 17 L:'ht Quarter... 3.32 .:'.,\1. 23 New Moon 9.25 A.M.25 New Moon 0.58 A.M. 2) New Moon .. ,. 10.:'0 M. 130 First Quarter .. 8.51 M.
'0 0 en en 3~Fi,,~Quarte.~ H4 ~ "./ (::)' (::) en en
t 1 I ; I ; t 1I ; . ~ i t: t I;' ;a:: ~ I ~ I ~ ~I ~ I ~ ~ :J::I ~ ~ ~! ~I__: 1--: !I~ : 1--'I!II~I--:1--:
H.M. H.M. I H.M. H.M. I H.M. H.M.
I Fri 5 51 35 47 2 I Mon .. 6 03 415 23 71 IIWed .. ,6 21 7,5 17 32Sal 5 516 546 3 21Tues '160: 95 23 2 2 Thurs.!6 22 3,51743SUN"155195454 3 Wed. 60455227 3\Fri ... 6230!5J76<4 Mon .. 5 52 2 5 4.. 5 4 Thurs. 6 0S °1 5 22 2 4 Sal. .. 6 23 65 17 75 Tues .. 55255436 5 Fri···
16 os 55 II 8 5 SUN.. ,6 24 35179
6Wed.·5 52 85 42 7165:11. .. 606 15213 6Mon .. 6 24 91518 I
7 Thurs. 15 5] 115 41 8 7ISUN"16 06 6 5 209 7 Tues .. 6 25 615 1848Fri. "1553 SiS 40 9 8IMon .. 6 07215205 8 Wed .. 62625 1879 Sal. .. 5 53 8[5 40 r 9 Tues"1 6 07 815 20 I 9 Thurs'1 6 268
1
5 19 °10 SUN.. 5 54 2 5 39 2 I10IWed .. 6 08 4 5 19 8 IlJ Fri .. '16 27 45 19 3II Mon· .. 5 54 sis 38 4' I1[Th"rs.,6 09 °1 5 194 II Sal.: 16 28 ° 5 19 612 Tues"15 54915 376 12,Fri ... 16°965 19 I 12 SUN.. 6286520 °13 Wed .. 5 55 215 36 7 131'iat.. '16 10 215 18 8\113IMon .. 62925 20414 Thurs'15 55 65 ]5 9 14ISUN.. 6 1085 18 5 14 Tnes .. 6' 29 8 5 20715 Fri ... 5 55 95 35 I 15,Mon .. ,6 II 515 18 2115Iwed .. 6 3°4521 I16 Sat. .. 5 56315 343 r6!Tlle, .. '6 12 li 5 IS r 16 Thurs. 6 3091'5 21 517 SUN .. 5 56 75 33 6 17 Wed .. 6 12 715 17 8 17Icri 6 31 55 22 °18 Mon .. 5 57 ° 5 32 8 18'Thurs.6 13 35 17 5 18 Sal 6 32 °1 5 22 419Tues··5 574532 °119 Fri 6 1395 173 19SUN.. 16 32 6,522920wed .. ,5 57 815 31 3 20I~al 6 14515 17 2 20 ~on"16 33 11523421 Thurs. 5 5825 30 51 21 SUN .. 6 IS J 5 17 1 21ITues"16 33 6'5 23 922 Fri ... 5 58 75 29 8122IMon .. 6 15 8 5 17 ° 22 Wed. '1634 115'24423 Sat. .. 15 59 ~I 5 29 I 23ITlle;;.. 6 16 55 17 ° 23lThurs. 6 34 65 24 924 SUN··15 59 6 5 28 5 24 Wed .. 6 17 115 17 ° 24 Fri.'. '16 35 15 25 525 Mon .. 6 00 5 27 8 25 Thurs. 6 17 75 17 ° 25ISal ... 6 35 6
1
5 26 °26 Tues..
'6 00 55 27 2 26 Fri ... 6 1845 17 ° 26 SUN.. /6 36 ° 5 266
27wed.. /6 0105 266 27Isat. .. \6 Ii) 1517 ° 27!Mon"16 36 45 27 J28 Thurs. 6 01 5 5 26 a 28 Sun ... '16 19 715 17 0 28 Tues.. 6 36 8 5 27 729 Fri .. '1602 ° 5 25 4 29\'100 .. 6 20 45 17 I 29Iwed.. /637 115 28 330 Sat. .. 6 02 415 24 8 30 Tues .. 6 21 ° 5 17 2 30,Thllrs.6 37 45 28 9 I
3 I SUN.. 60295 243 '3I1Fri ... 63775295
THE following high grade wheels are well known in thiscountry, most of them having established agencies in Honolulu,viz: Cleveland, Columbia, Cresent, Falcon, Hartford, Imperial,Ideal, Iver Johnson, Monarch, Rambler, Remington, Sterling,Stearns, Thistle, Tribune, Union and Waverley.
THE CENSUS OF 1896.
~T will not be possible to furnish in this issue the official re
ult of the present census enumeration of these islands,now in progress, in all its interesting features. It will
- require everal months yet to workout all its details, though
sufficient i done to show that nearly all districts of the i landshave materially increased; the total population now being 109,020,
as against 9,990 in I 90: a gain of I D,030, or within a fraction
of 22%.The total number of pure native Hawaiians are found to be
10,957, as again t :34,436 at the last census, a falling off of 3,479.This shows about 10%, which is a slight improvement upon thedecline reported in 1 90. This will probably be fully made upby the increase in part Hawaiians, the exact total of which is
not yet reported.The differences of the 'exes are seen to be 72,517 males, a
against 5 ,71·1 at the last census, and 36,5U3 females at presentagainst 31,276 six years ago; a gain of 1:\, 03 and 5,227 respec·tively, or 19,0:W in all, as already shown.
Additional to the above, the number of buildings throughoutthe island are found to be I j ,099 II1habited, 3,0 I uninhabited
or other than dwellings-and 1:!4 in course of construction. Subsequent division will show their character, material, etc.
Among the interesting' details to be worked into tabular form,
besides the division of age.-;. national~tits, and the length of reosidence of foreigner in these islands. ttc . will be the nationalityof father by birth and allegiance.
The religious beliefs are ndlTowed down to Prote tant, KomanCatholic and i\[orman, and ASl.l.tic races not coming in thesedivisions will likely he classed l3uddhists.
An effort has been made to arrive at the status of the agricultural and pastoral industries of the country, but the limited urna signed for the work, with the fact that many of the people haveyet to be educated up to the full scope or range of present censusenquiries in other countries, will shorten some features that hadbeen aimed at by :\Ir. . T .. tkinson, the General uperinten.dent. The full ofTIcial report will probably be Issued in May.
The ANNl'AL is materially indebted to the ensus Bureau forthe use of information herein and accompanying pages, by whichit is able to pre ent the interesting comparative exhibits by districts with that of 1890, as also by islands with the eight pre~ec:ding census periods.
LATEST CENSUS. 12
LATEST CENSUS RETURNS. HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
(Taken September 27, 1&)6.)
POI'ULATION. DWELLINGS.
SU B-D1VISJON. Ullin.Male. Female. TOlal. (nhab· habi· Build· Total.
iled. iled. ing.
OAHu--Honolulu 18,775Ewa 2,284Waianae. . . . .. 886Waialua. . .. 926Koolauloa . . . . . .. 1,289Koolaupoko. :l,004
11,145783395413546749
28,920:l,067J,281.1,3491,8352,753
5.153390206211:l32493
840672
37:3782
47 6,040'7 464
208248
3 2723 578
26,164 14,04J 40,205 6,685 1,065 60 7,810
HA\'{AII-Hilo...... ..Puna .Kau.S. Kona .N. Kona .S. Kohala .N. Kohala .Ham.kua .
9,0711,:l2820311,3971,905
3J82,6754,007
3,807520877930
1,156240
1,450J,6n
12,8781,7482.908 ':l.3273,061
5584,1255,6S0
1,88(\256437403526102611SI8
16538
13533
12952
139:l68
7 2,0523 2974 576
4437 662J 155:2 75:l4 1,090
22,632 10,653 :{:{,:285 5>,033 959 :35 6,027 /972 2,:{07, 651MOLOKAI .
LANAI .
1,355
51 54 105
\12 3
13
746
86
MAUl-Lahaina .Wailllka '" .Makawao .Hana .
KAUAI-Niihau .Waimea.Koloa .Lihue .Kawaihau .Hanalei .
I 5294:0983,2612,547
]],435
7(j3,2261,2772,3042,0671,950
869J,9742,203l,245
6,291
881,205
5581,12J
695825
2.398 I 4M6.072' 9895,464
11,J77
3,792 536
17.726 3,156I
1t>4 3J4,431 5861.835 3593,425 2632,762 3872.775 425
198165120167
650
:3:lJ216562
130
3 6554 1,1583 1,3008 711
18 3,824
34I 607:3 383( 629
4494 559
302 9 2,661
3,081 124 21,104
7,0106,027
74636
3,82434
8 2,627
J,065 60955 35
92 313
650 183
299
Total-Kauai an<l Niihau.. 10,900 <1,,492 15.392 2,531
,--- RECAPITULATION. --~
Oahu 26,i64 14,041 <1,0,205 6,685Hawaii.. . 22,6:l2 10,653 33,285 5,033Molokai _..... . . . . . . . . .. 1,:335 972 2,307 651Lanai . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 54 105 23Maui 1l,435 6,291 17,726 3,156Niihau. . . . . . . . . 76 88 164 31Kauai 10,824 4,404 Ui,228 2,320
--i_-Totals 72,517 36,503 109,020.17,099
13 LESSO . FRUM THJ:: Cl! SUS.
CENSUS TABLES, HAWAIIA ISLANDS.
OAHU.
Honolulu. . . . . . .. 29,9'10Ewa...... . 3,067Waianat:. . . . . . . . . 1.281Waialua. . .. 1,349Koolauloa I,S:!5Koolaul'0ko ,. 2,.53
HAW II. .¥.Hilo 12, 7Puna 1.-Kau ~
North Kona 3,061'outh Kona 2,:l27orth Kohala .. " 4,125
South Kohala. . . . 55Hamakua . . . . . . 5,680
'll9o9,935
a42.5711.753I. 124.:«>3
o'5.002
Lana..... . .'196106
22.9072,156
9031,28111,4442,4119
33.2 5 26,754 40,205 31,194
'114·1,2828.3771,600
1924161166
2,523216
1,7662,1012,4722,792
11,850
'11901,:J448.60"21.034
70419588
4. 80,578.
KAUA!.
15,392ASO I 4 CO~t PARED.
Britons .Port ugucse .Ccrmans .French .Oth.. r foreigners .Polynesian ....
TOI:>1 Population,
2.113 I \V~imca 4,4316 -0 IIhau. . . .. 164:l:~7(l Koloa:.... 1,8360,266 Kawa.hau 2,762
Hanale... .. . . . .. . 2,775Lihue 3,420
2,396.072:3,7925'464
MAUl.
Lahaina .Wailuku .Hana .Makawao .
17,726 17,357
folokai. . . . . . . . . . 2.30. 2,6:32By ATI/):-; I.Irv.-1 9
'll9o .--84Nativcs :W,4:l6 40.U 1Half-casteS. . . . . . . . . .. 6, I Ii 4,214Chincsc 15,301 17.937Amcrica ns . . . . . . 1. 92 . 2.066Haw..born. for'gn par. 7.495 2.04UJapanesc 12.:lliO liliNorwcgi ,n. . .. . . . . . Tli 39'2
Total Population. I ~O, II.Boo
CO~IPARATIVE RAIlLt; OF POPUL TION. HA\lIAIIAN ISLANIlS. 1836·'6.
(ell"u" Cen..u.. <. 'rll"U" l"eo3u, 'ClhU".8)6 1"51 .86u t 18p.
Totals .. 10 ,5iIJ n.13~
19. - 16.001 1i.034,24.991 26,75414,0:1'> 12.3:W 12,109 15,970 17,3S719,799 :.'0,671 20,236 .) ,068 :11,1941i.299 4.961 5.Ii:l4· .935 11.643'1. '1!I'J 2.349 2.2 1 } 2614 } 2826
:IIJ4 :148 214:12a 233 117 216
33,28517,721140,20515,2282.307
105166
_····_.. ·I-··~-~_.~6!l.1l) 1i:!.9.3U 5li.U 7 57.9 - 9.900 0.57 109,020
39.:IW 24 ... :ilJ '11.l '124.169 1•.574 16.40027,09 1\1,12621.'1.5
.934 6.\191 1i.4.6.000 a.ti07 c. iiI1,200 liOO li4li
9:1 790 til.tJ
Hawaii .Maui .O:>hu .Kauai .Molokai .L:>nai .
iihan .Kahoolawc
All Forcigncrs.... 2,119
1
:!.7I1i 4.1\11 ;i.456 10.2. 49.346 36,346
Hawaiians 71.U19 li•.O '458.765 51,53t147,60Z -;-4.232 40,622
• loclu4in& 'ilhau
LESSONS FROM THE CENSUS.
SCHOOL STATISTICS, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.(From Reports of the Department of Education.)
COMPARATIVE TABLE OF SCHOOL POPULATION, 1896-94.
15
I NO. IN SCHOOL, JAN. 1896. NO. IN SCHOOL, JAN. 1894.ISLANDS. SCHOOLS --------- SCHOOLS
I~Boys. Girls. ITotal. 1894. Boys. Girls. Total.--- ---- ---- ------ --- ----
Hawaii ....1
62 1,841 1,540 3,381 64 1,661 1,453 3,114Maui & La-
nai······1 38 1,245 1,088 2,3:n 32 1, 217 1,004 2,221Molokai.... 5 175 59 234 7 136 115 25 1Oahu ...... , 66 2,929 2,283 5,212 54 2,502 1,972 4,474Kauai& Nii·
hau ...... 1 16 823 633 1,456 19 722 525 1,247--------- ---
6,238 1-;-,069._-
Totals.... 187 7,01) 5, 603 12,616 176 11,307
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS, CLASS, ETC., 1896.
GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT I INDEPENDENTNATIVK SCHOOLS. ENGLISH SCHOOLS. SCHOOLS.-------
ISLA]';DS.'o1\'o~ ·11 .
..... ojo~'o: ..... :/ ..... .;, .....0 a . 0 ... 0
- Q) . .,;00 o~ o..!!! I .!!l Q) . .,;
0 8
1
°"5 '0 '..c:0:= z,.g Z g z'a, 0 0 0 u z'az.: z ~ ZOo Z..c Z '"ri] E-< " Jl ~\ p';
" Q) "Po< (J) E-< Po<--'-- --- .--------- -------
Hawaii ............2 I 2
27 47 80 2,740 13 3° 614Oahu.............. .. "I .. 3 1 80 3,027 35 106 2, 185Maui and Lanai .... .. .. .. 28 60 1,895 10 22 438Kauai and N Jihau ..
I I I 32 12 29
1'269
1
3 7 155Molokai .......... "I .. .. 4 5 162 • I 4 72--------- -_.------
Totals ........ 3 3 59 122 254 9,093 62 169 3,464
NATIONALITY OF PUPILS, 1896 AND 1894.11196. 1ll94. 18g6.
Hawaiians 5,207 5,177 Norwegians............ 96Part Hawaiians 2,198 2,103 Chinese............. . . 740Americans. . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 285 South Sea Islanders. . . . . 29English. 200 184 Japanese.............. 261Germans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 2081 French... . . . . . . .. . . . . . 8portuguese 3,186 2,551 Other Foreigners....... 52
Total, 1896, 12,616 Total, 1894 I 1,307
11194.83
52935
1135
34
PupIls under 6 years. 262 boys, 271 girls; total, 533" between 6 and 15 years 6,206 " 5,019 " " II,225
over 15 years................... 545 ,. 313 858
Totals 7,013" 5,603 12,616
16 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
INTER·ISLAND DISTA CES BY SEA 1 SEA MILES.
AROUND OAIIU FROM 1I0NOLULU-&;'I'LASADI' WIIARF TO
12
18
125
1441571 623.1250192206230
(dirl'cl) .(windward) .(\'ia Kawaihae) ..
iihau ..MAUl, TO
Maalaea, )!alli)Iakena
awiliwili,Koloa,Waimea,
MII~E". .\IILES.Bell Buoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I I Pearl River Bar 6Diamond Head ......•....... 5 Barber's Point 16YzKoko Head 12 Waianae Anchorage 28YzMakapuu Point ......•....... '7 Kaena Point. r\. W. of Oahu 39Mokapu 29 Waialua Anchorage 50Kahuku 51 Kahuku, r\. pI. Oahu, via Kaena 54
1l0~01.UI.U " 0
Laeokalaau, S. W. pI. Molokai .. 35 Kawaihae, Ila\\aii .Kaulapapa Leper Settlement.... 50 Kealakekua, (direct) .West point of Lanai .. . . . . . . .. 50" (\;~a K "~~ihae)Lahaina, Maui 72 S. W. pI. IlawaiiKahului," .. . . . . . . . . . .. 90 Punaluu, ..Hana, 115 lIilo,Maalaea, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 85 I
Makenn, .. . 96Mahukona, Ilawaii 134
1I0NOLULU TO
Kauai . . . .. . ... . . . .. 9 Hanalei. Kauai...••.......•• 102...••......... 120
I.AIIAISA,
Kaluahaa, Molokai 17Lanai 9
Mahukona, IlawaiiWaipio,Honokaa,Laupahoehoe,
EaJl point of IlawaiiKeauhau J Kau, U
North point of
KAWAtllAE, IIAWAII, '10
... . . . 10 Illilo, lIawaii .... . .• .. . 40 Lae 0 ka Mano, Ilawaii..... . .. . 50 Kailua,.. . . .. . . . . .. 65 Kealakekua,
1111.0, IIAWAII, ro· . . . . • . . .. 20 Punaillu, II a wail· . . . . . . . . . 50 Kaalualu,· 70 Soulh Poin' of Ilawaii
8520
3444
7°80
5
WIDTII OF IIA NELS.EXTREME !'OINT 10 POtN r.
Oahu and Molokai 23 )1aui and Lanai .Diamond Head to S. \Y. point of Maui and Kahoolawe 6
Molokai 30 Hawaii and illalli l6Molokai and Lanai 8 Kauai and Oahu 61Molokai iihau and Kauai 15
o EA1I0.0LULU TO
San Francisco 2100 Auckland...... .. 3810Portland, Or. . 2460 Sydney....... . 4480Panama 4620 Iiongkong 4800Tahiti 2380 Yokohama 3440Samoa 2290 Victoria, B. C. . . .. . 2360Fiji 2700 Ocean Islaod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1502
OVERLAND DISTANCES. 17
OVERLAND DlSTANDS.
(Revised expressly ror the ANNUAL by C. ]. Lyons, Esq., in accordance with latest Government Survey measurements.)
ISLAND OF OAHU.
8.04·47. 0
4·02.83·46·4
3·47,4
10.213·620.020.028.032 .439.4
Moanalua .. _ .Kalauao .Ewa Church .Kipapa .ICaukonahua .Leilehua .Waialua .Waimea _ .Kahuku Ranch
1.01.31.71.22.63. 0
3. 06.0
HONOLULU POST-OJ?FICE TO[The outer column of figures indicates the distance between points.]
MiLliS. MILES. INTItIt.
Bishop's corner (Waikiki) 3.2 Kahana 25. 2 4 5Waikiki Villa 3.6 Punaluu 27.2 2.0RaceCourse - 4.5 Hauula 30.2 3.0Diamond Head 5.9 Laie 33. 2 3.0Kaalawai 6.0 Kahuku Mill 36.0 2.8
MILES. INTER. Kahuku Ranch 38.8 2.0Thomas Square. . . . . . .. 1.0Pawaa corners 2.0Kamoiliili . 3.3Telegraph Hill 5.0Waialae 6.2Niu 8.8Koko Head 11.8Makapuu. C' • • . 14. 8Waimanalo ..... 20.8\Vaimanalo, via Pali .... 12.0
'vVaiawa .................•.Waipio .Waikele .Hoaeae .Ewa Plantation Mill .Waianae Station..... . .
Nuual1uBridge ...•.... I. I Ewa Church 10.2Mausoleum..... 1.5 0.4 Waipio (Brown's) 1I.2
Electric Reservoir 2.7' 1.2 Hoaeae (Robinson's) .. 13.5Honolulu Dairy 2.9 0.2 Barber's Point L. H 21.5Luakaha 4.3 1.4 Nanakuli 23.5Pali 6.2 1.0 Waianae Plantation 29.9Kaneoht (new ro'd) ro.7 4.5 Kahanahaiki 36.9Waiahole 17.7 7.0 Kaena Point 42.0Kualoa 20.7 3.0 Waialua to Kaena Point 12.0
OAHU RAILWAY: DISTANCES FROM HONOLULU DEPOT TO
MILES.
Moanalua 2.76Puuloa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 6.23Halawa .. . . 8.14Aiea.... 9.37Kalauao ro.20Waiau ro.93Pearl City II. 76
1.02·38.02.06.47. 0
5. 1
MILKS.
12.5213.5814·5715. 2318.2533·3°
ISLAND OF KAUAI.NAWILIWILI TO
MILES. INTER. MIL.ES. INTItR.Koloa ...... .... ...... 11.0 Wailua River ..... 7·7 4·4Lawai . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 2.8 Kealia ................ 11.9 4. 2Hanapepe .... . . . . . .. . . 20.0 6.2 Anahola . ............. 15·7 3. 8Waimea 27. 1 7. I Kilauea .............. 23. 6 7·9Waiawa .............. 31.5 4·4 Kalihiwai . ........... 26.6 3. 0Nualolo .............. 44. 8 13·3 Hanalei . ........ .. .. 31.8 5. 2
Wainiha - ............. 34. 8 3·0Hanamaulu ............. 3·3 Nualolo (no road) ...... 47. 0 12.2
18 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
I 'LAND OF ~1AUI.
MILKS.
Spr~ckelsvill~.. . . . . . . . . 3· 5Paia.. . . .. . . . . .... .. . .. 5· 5Hamakuapoko 1IIill..... 8.6Haiku 10.2Hal~haku 16.0
Huelo 19.5Keanae 27 2Nahiku 32.7Ulaino 36.3Hana 42.3Reciprocil)' Mill 45.3\Vailua 4 .9Kipahulu Mill 52 2
Mokulau 56.6Nuu 62.1
5 54 2
5 9
3. 85. 0
3·73. 1
2·9
INTER
5 02 93 352 2
1·55·34·2·92 63. 85·5
3,37. 1
12.1
15·I .921.8
9 915 419 625 5
3·34. 8
10.1
14·517 ·420.0
23 829 3
!\Ia LJl:"
10 513 416 722 524 7
~IAKENA TO
Ulupalakua .Kamaole .Wainkoa .FOOl of Puu Pane .Makawao Seminary .r-Iakawao oun House..
~Iaalnen .End of ~10unlain Road ..
lowalu · .Lahaina Courl IIou e .
Waiehu .Waihee .Kahakuloa .I lonokohau .1I0nolua .
'apili .Honobwai .Lahaina Courl House5·4
4·44·77·73·33·36.65·5
KAHULUI TO
INT ••• I Maknwao uun Hou ~
2.0 r-lakawao. eminary .3 1 Olinda .1.6 Ilaleakala, Edge Crater.5. IIaleakala ummil ....
3·57·75·53·66.0
3·03·63·34·45· 5
5·5
3· I
5·59·9
14·6
22·325. 628·935·54 1 . 0
Paia .
Wailuku .\Vaikapu .MMla~a ...........•...Kalepnlepo .Mana .Ulupalakua. . .Knnaio .Pico's .Nuu .
3 02 0
4 05 0
8.0
MILa.1.002.25
3. 252·553. 254. 2 57. 25
10.507. 25
INT k.
25. 0MIL .
lIilo, via II umuula Sl'n. 540Keamuku 'heep lation. 140~apuu .. '.' 220Keuwcwal 0
Waib. . .. .. . II 0
Kahuwa 130Puuhue 17°Kohala ourl I louse 220
~Iahukona 220
Punko 120
6 5
II 0
7 39 0
10 0
2 5
ISLAND OF HAWAII.RT HOUSE TOWAIMEA CO
MILES. INTBk.
4 5II 0
Dramatic Hall, Kaiopihi .Kohala Mill .Xohala Mill Landini: .
Ed~e of Pololu Gulch .Niulii 1ill. .Dr. Wighl's tore, Halawa .Hnlawn Mill. .Hapuu Landing. .. . .
Hamakua boundary ..Kukuiha~le Mill .Mana................ 7 7Hanaipoe. . .. . .. ..... 15 0K~anakolu . . . . . . . . . . .. 24 0
Puakala. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 34 0
Laumaia . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36 5Humuula . heep lalion,
via Laumaia 47 5Auwaiak~kua 12 5Humuula Sheep 'lalion. 29 0 16 5
NORTH KOHALA.-FOREIG:-I CHURCH, KOHALA, TO
MIL"". I4.00 alive hureh .2. nion 1IIill .1.15 Union 1ill R. R. ·lalion .1.65 HonolOakau .2.15 Hind's, Hawi .
Hawi R. R. lalion ..40 Honoipu ..50 Mahukona .
I . 50 Puuhu~ Ranch .
MILES.
Dr. Wight's Corner 11.5Niulii Corner...... . 12.8Pololu Edge of Gulch 14.5Puu Hue 5.0
OVERLAND DISTANCES.
NORTH KOHALA.-ON MAIN ROAD, MAHUKONA TO
M ILKS. INTER.
Hind's Mill , . 7.0Union Mill Corner. . . . .. 8.0 1.0Court House...... .... 9.2 I. 2
Bond's Corner.......... 9·7 o.SKohala Mill Corner 10.4 0.7
SOUTH KOHALA.-KAWAIHAIt TO
19
INTER.
1.11·31·7
MILES. INTER.
Puu Ainako " 4.4Puuiki, Spencer's 7·7 3·3Waiaka, Catholic Church 9.5 1.8Puuopule, Parker's. . . . .. 10.8 1.3Waimea Court House .. 11.8 1.0Waimea Church 12.2 0.4Kukuihaele Church 22.1 9.9
MIL"'.Mana, Parker's 19.5Keawewai 6.0Puuhue Ranch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.0Kohala Court House 15.0Mahukona 11.0Napuu 20.0Puako........................ 5.0
KONA-KEALAKEKUA TO
Keauhou. . .Holualoa .Kailua .Koloko .Makalawena .Kiholo .Ke Ahu a Lono boundaryPuako .
6.09. 6
12.016.019.627·631.6
37·4
Kawaihae .Honaunau .Hookena .Olelomoana .Hoopuloa .Boundary of Kau .Flow of '87 .Kahuku Ranch .
KAU.-VOLCANO HOUSE TO
Half·way House (Lee's) 13.0 IHonuapo 3 2.6 5. 0Kapapala 18.0 5.0 Naalehu 35.6 3.0Pahala 23.0 5.0 Waiohinu 37. 1 1.5Punaluu 27.6 4.6 Kahuku Ranch 43.1 6.0
THROUGH PUNA.-FROM THE HILO COURT HOUSE TO
MILES.
Keaau............... 9.2Makuu....................... 15.0Sand Hills, Nanawale 18.5Kapoho (Lyman's). . . . . . . . . . . . 22.0Pohoiki, Rycroft's '" . . . 26.0
MILI<5.Opihikao 30.0Kaimu...................... 37.0Kalapana..... ... ... .... .... 38.0Panau ..... ,................ 45.0Volcano House.... ... . . . .... 61.0
To VOLCANO.-HILO TO
Shipman's ..Edge of Woods .Cocoanut Grove .Branch Road to Puna ..Furneaux .
1.7 Mountain View .4.1 Mason's .8.0 Hitchcock's .9.0 Cattle Pen .
13.2 Volcano House .
16.817·523·524·731 . 0
THROUGH HILO DISTRICT TO
Honolii BridgePapaikou, Office .Onomea Church . .Kaupakuea Cross Road .Kolekole Bridge .Hakalau, east edge.gulchUmauma Bridge .
2·5
4·76·9
10·714·315. 0
16.0
Honohina Church .Waikaumalo Bridge .Pohakupuka Bridge "','Maulua Gulch .Kaiwilahilahi Bridge .Lydgate's House. . . . . . . . . . .. •Laupahoehoe Church .....•....
17·818.821.022.0
24·626.126·7
20 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
THROUGH HAM KUA.-LAUI'AIIOEHOE CHURCH TO
.. ~IIIK'I" MIL....Bottom Kawalll Gulch. . . . . . 2.0. Kualkalua Gulch. . . . 22.0Ookala, Manager's House. . . . . .. 4.0 Kapulena Church. . . . . . 23.9Kealakaha Gulch. .. . . . . . .. . . .. 6.0 , Waipanihua. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24.3Kaala Church . 6.8 ~trealll 01 Kukuihaele 26.0Kukaiau Gulch. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . li.o Edge \Vaipio 26.5Horner's.................. .51 Bottom Waipio.. 27. 0Catholic Church. Kainehe . . . . .. 9.0 Waimanu (approximate) 32.5Notley' , Paaailo 10.5 Ku uihaele to \Vaimea (approxi·Kaumoali Bridge 12.5 mate). . : 10.5Bottom Kalopa Gulch '4.0 Gov't Road to Hamakua MoIl.... 1.5Wm. Horner, Paauhau '5.2 Paauhau 1ill .... 1.0Paauhau Church 16.3 Pacific Sugar till,Holmes' tore, Honokaa. 18.0 Kukuihaele 0·7Honokaia Church 20.5
TABLE OF ELEVATIO OF PRI CIPAL LOCALITIES
THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS.
(rrom tb. Record. of the Government urvc}', Measurements are (rom mean ea LeveL)
OAHU PEAK~.
FI!~T'IKula, Waianae Range 4030 Telegraph Hill or KaiUlukiPalikea .." 31'1 Koko Head, higher crater ..Konanu~nui Peak, S. of Pali. 3106 Koko Head, lower crater ..Lanihuli Peak, . of Pali 27 Makapuu, ea.t point of i,land .Tantalu or Puu Ohia 2013 ~Iokapu, crater off Kaneohe .Olympu , abo\'e ~Ianoa. . . . . . .. 2447 I Olomana, .harp peak in Kailua ..Round Top or alakaa 1049 Maelieli. sharp peak in Ileeia .Punchbowl Hill or Puowaina 49 Ohulehule, sh p peak in HakipuuDiamond Head or Leahi... . . . .. 762 I
LO ALITIE' NEAR HO ·OLULU.
Fan.292
J2066446656¢
t6437'3
2263
21 50
6 501150
6292568600392
930850
Nuuanu Road, Queen Emma's ..U " cor. above Elec.
!ric Light \Vork .Nuuanu Road, large bridge .
,. Luakaha gate .Pali. .
corner 'chool St.second bridge...corner Judd St ..Cemetery gate ..Mausoleum gate.Schaefer' gate ..
Nuuanu Road,., ,. 40
77137162206238MAUL
Haleakala 100321 Mrs. . H. Alexander's .\'Vest Maui, about. . . . . . .. . 5 20 Puu 'ianiau, Makawao .Piiholo, Makawao . 2256 Puu Kapual, Hamakua .Puu la, near Ulupalakua 284t Puu 0 Umi, Hniku .Ulupalakua, about 1 00 Puu Pane, Kula...... . .Puu Olai, (Miller's Hill).... 355 Lahainaluna ·eminary .Makawao Female Seminary. . .. 1')00IKauiki, Hana '"Grove Ranch, Makawao........ 9 1 "Sunny ide," Makawao .puu Olai, near Makeoa . . .. . . .. 250 Paia Forei.rn hurch, abou.t .
CRA 'FER DIMENSIONS, ETC.
HAWAII.
21
FEET.
Mauna Kea 13805Mauna Loa 13675Hualalai.. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8275Kohala Mountain.... . . . . . . .. 5505Kilauea Volcano House, ..... 397I.6Kulani, near Kilauea. . . . . . .. 5576Kalaieha 6450Aahuwela, near Lauma'a 775GHitchcock's, Puakala 6325Ahumo'a 7035Waimea Court House 2669.6Waipio Pali, on N. ~ide 1200Waipio Pali, on S. (Road). . .. 900Waipio Pali, in mountain. . . .. 3000Waimanu, at sea 1600
FEET
Waimanu in mountain 4000Hiilawe Falls 1700Parker's, Mana 3505Honokaa Store . . . . . . . . .. 1100Lower edge forest, Hamakua.... 1700Lower edge forest, Hilo 1200Laupahoehoe Pali 385Maulua Pali , .. .. 406Kauku Hill. 1964Puu AJala " 762Halai Hill. . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. .. .. 347Puu 0 Nale, Kohala 1797E. Bond's, Kohala.. . . . . . . . . . .. 585Anglican Church, Kainaliu...... 1578
DIMENSIONS OF KILAUEA, ISLAND OF HAWAII.(The largest active Volcano in the World.)
Area, 4.14 square miles, or 2,650 acres.Circumference, 41,500 feet, or 7.85 miles.Extreme Width, 10,300 feet, or 1.95 miles.Extreme Length, 15,500 feet, or 2.93 miles.Elevation, Volcano House, 4,040 feet.
DIMENSIONS OF MOKUAWEOWEO.(The Summit Crater of Mauna Loa, Island of Hawaii
Area, 3.70 square miles, or 2,370 acres. Circumference, 50,000 feet, or 9.47 miles.Length, 19,500 feet, or 3.7 miles.Width, 9,200 feet, or I. 74 miles.Elevation, 13,675 feet.
DIMENSIONS OF HALEAKALA,(The great Crater of Maui, the largest'in the World.)
Area, 19 square miles, or 12,160 acres.Cilcumference, 105,600 feet, or 20 miles.Extreme Length, 39,500 feet, or 7.48 miles.Extleme Width, 12,500 feet, or 2.37 miles.Elevation of Summit, 10,032 feet.Elevation of principal cones in crater, 8,032 and 7,572 feet.Elevation of cave in Roor of crater, 7,3110 feet.
DIMENSIONS OF lAO VALLEY, MAUL
Length (from Wailuku), about 5 miles.Width of valley, 2 miles.Depth, near head, 4,000 feet.Elevation of Puu Kukui, above head of Valley, 5,788 feet.Elevation of Crater of Eke, above Waihee Valley, 4,500 feet.
22 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM HOUSE TABLES, 1895.
VALUE OF IMPORT ,-HAWAIIAN ISLAND.
ARTICLES.VALUE GOODS
VALUE GOOIlS fREE jVALUE GOOD~
~~G~~T~• ..!:-V TREATY. : KOND.
TOTAL..
177,527 12S 4,177,806 SO867 06 14, 72
7 , 24 0169,200 17
19 00144,664 9769,199 0868,717 0421,271 808,284
1 8,380 85124,696 22
3,765 88
158,78675,071 40
2,110 ts
56,863 5132, 64 76
102,653 lIS203,214 65
1,260 5g
87,678 47
68,968 28860, 2 15
10,171 ~17,724 8545,017 Oll6.514 122,1~ fa
66,780 80169,118 2218,622 O!~,020 28
t86,98ll ll1J442,100 8h
1 ,211 0611,414 82
~,~22
22:«5 2228,050 02
tOS,264 20tll6,716 89
26,17912,339 6854,645 64
97,710 ~40,768 6016,208 1
4,162, 1667. 1,486 t4178,7 91
,723 1i7,806 60
615,666 45874,28250
5,714,017 64
.. ....I
206 26
188 21
4068, 44
9,966 05
2,324 63524 76
77 563% 03
465 772,0 5 00
2,507,120 34 S 177,150 16Stoo, 7151,805 .02,972 11 " ..6,469 71 .
3,755
05,024
. SDIscounts, Damaged and. hort ..
Total at Honolulu /S 1,47,587 "STotal at Hilo... .. .. . .. .. 20,5 6,Total at Kahului............... 22,4 08Total at Mahukona............. 5,751 06Total at Waimea, Kauai. . 886Total Goods free by Civil Codel" ,Specie .
T atal Hawaiian Island•.........
Ale, Poner, Beer, Cider S 47,245 S· · S 9,617 66SAnim.'\l and Birds.... . . .. . . .. .. 82,864 76 .Building Materi. I 61,670 64 50,983 10 .Clothing, Hat, BOOlS .. 1 ,991 10 . 154,186 16 87 40Coal and Coke... 1,260 60 ..Crodc:uy. Glas ware, L."mp and
Lamp Fi"ture 87,44026 ·,·· ··.1Dn::tal U~f~~~~r55.l~~~~~~~ .~~ 56,638 65 . . . . .. ..
1Collon 78,447 08 286,860 86Linens. . . . . . . . . . .. 10,094 12 1
Dry Goods ilks.............. 17,692 32 ..Woolen. . . .. .. . . SO, 26 2 5,100 27 ..Mixtures 6,255 25S
Fancy Goods, Milline.ry, OlC •••. 74, 71 2 6, 29Fish (dried and ..,It)... . . 20,263 55
144,482 25
Flour.......................... 1,104 70 167,07 52 ..Fruit (fre h).. 791 70 12,sao 32 .Furniture...................... 25,968 02 41,06226 ..
g~~~rien5da~de~;~~i;i~~'s::::::::1 l~::~ g~ ~:~~ ~~I·· 378 14Gun and Gun Materials........ 6,O"l2 10 12,1 06 .Gun Powder................... 11,414 82 .Hardware, Agricultural Imple. I
menta .. nd Tools.............. 63,115 228,68204 83 70Iron, "'teel, etc................. 16,311 32 ,936 631
••••••••••••••
t,:elry, Plate, lock s.. .. .. 2t,445 9'2 . . .. ..
kfU;t:~;~::::::::::::::::::J ~:t:::1 ~~:66t r::::::::: is00,
Matches.... 9 25,m 25 .Musical Instruments........ 4, 41 7,503 Ii .Naval tores................... 14,31076 40,284 7 .
Oi~:c~~.o.~~~~,. ~.e.~~~~~. ~.h~J~.' 11,311 6,') 76,432 97Paint, Paint Oil and Turpc:ntine 46,584 Of> ~,,284697 ~ ..Perfumer)' and Toilet Artlcles. .. O,8().4 52
1
u ~
Railro.'\d Materials, Rail, Car ,Ietc 17,612 40 61,21251 ..
addlery, Carriages & Materials. 40, 1 35 29,11 2 .Sheathing Metal............... 1 00 .Sh",?ks, Bags and Containers.. . 180,900 511 ,460 601 5,104 861SPirit 3,076 58 66,123 45
~:~~~.e.r:.~n~. ~~.::::::::::: 2~:~~~ ~,. .47:239.05
1 ~:2~.Tin, Tinware and Materi. Is _.. _I 8, I' . .-- 'j
Tobacco, Cigars, etc............ 21,764 06 121,561 55 45,054 74Wines (light). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95,361 I . . . . .. .. . . 20,284 04Sundry Personal & Household
Effect ..Sundry Merchandi e not includ·
ed in the above 1Charges on Invoices .'570 added on Uncenified Invoices
CUSTOM HOUSE STATISTICS.
SELECTIONS FROM CUSTOM HOUSE TABLES, 1895.
23
VALUE SPIRITS AND DUTIABLE VALUE BONDED GOODS ANDGOODS FROM SPIRITS FROM
U. S. Pacific Ports $ 588,989 aS U. ~. Pacific I'c>rts $ 50,223 30U. S. Atlantic Ports..... 30,171 73 U. S. Atlantic Ports...... 22,89202Great Britain. 4 t ,,223 64 Great Britain. . . . .. 12,091 67Germany...... 64,31lS 76 Germany.:........... 6,950 10Australia and N. Z.. 66,470' 36 Australia and N. Z....... 2.865 0S
. China , 164 239 17IChina...... . . . . . . 59.452 39Japan.................. 183,487 'il Japan...... 18,12446British Col. and Canada.. 8,846 02lBrit.ish Col. and Canada.. . 4.560 17Islands of Pacific , 229 34 -----France : 7,84990 Total at all ports $177,159 16Other countries '. . . . . 378 531
_____1
Total at all ports ......$1,528,204 oil
VAuUE OF GOODS FREE BY RESUME OF IMPORTS, 1895.CIVIL CODE FROM TOTAL. %
United States $8°5,912 86 United StatEs $4,516,94438 79.04Great Britain............ 45897 67 Great Britain.... 471,12298 8.25Germany 39,48275 Germany... 110,75 1 61 1.94China...... 10 00 China...... 223,701 56 3.92Japan................... 5.51362Japan........... 207.12559 3.62Australia and N. Z..... .. 53.469 lq Austra. and N. Z. 122.80460 2.15Canada................. 17.325 02 Canad~.... ..... 30,731 21 .54Islands of Pacific..... , . . . . 963 17 Is:ands of Pacinc. 1, Iq2 51 .02Other countries.... . .... 21,41467 France.... 7,849 go .14
-----IOther countries.. 21,793 20 .38Total. $989,89895
Total. $5.714,017 54 100.00
LIST AND VALUE OF GOODS FREE BY CIVIL CODE.
Ale. Beer, Cider, Porter. .. $ 162 50 Oils. iluminating......... 656 33AlJimals... ... ... . . .. 1,453 77 Paints. Oils and Turps. . . . 30 50Building materials..... .. 41 00 Saddlery, Etc. . . . . .. . . . .. 2,3°6 70Clotb'ng-, Boots, Hats.. . . .. 1,291 05 Sheathing Metal.. 1,697 30Coal and Coke...... . . . .. 72.994 4b Spirits. . . . .. .. .. . 108 35Drugs. Etc...... 1,8.56 85 Stationery, Etc...... .... 4,777 80Fancy Goods, Etc. 49 52 Tins, Tinwore & Materials. 404 13Fertilizer, Etc 293,299 80 Tobacco, Cigars. Etc..... . 471 55Fish. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .., 23 00 Wines, Light............ 620 05Furniture............... 2,08, 20 Sundries by Statute...... 21,61808Grain and Feed. . . .. .... 59 30 Sund. Hhld. effects....... 23,347 27Groceries and Provisions. 505 55 -----Guns and Materials.... 12,127 44 Tutal at Honolulu $485,845 60Hardw., Agr. Implmts, Etc. 1,691 46 "Kahului.. . . .. 39,641 53Iron. Steel, Etc. .. . . . . . 5,491 73 Hila ... " 76,381 52Jewelry, F.tc............. 4°000 Mahukona 13,797 80Lumber. . .. 56 70 Specie 374,232 50Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,420 nMusical Instruments, Etc.. . 1,472 90 Total at all ports $989,898 9SNaval Slores 2,3 29 09
24
SELECTIO
HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
FROM C TOM HO E TABLES. 18911.
STO~IS RECEIPT...
10.520 70.3 13 43757 00
145 2344 3 1
It I I 043.434 25
Imp0rl DUlies. (;ood, ....Impt 01 • Good, Bonded.Imporl Duties. ~pJrit, ..Impt Dh. "piril'. BondedBlank5 .Pa pons .Fee .Light .Ruoys .1-10 pital Fund " •....Reg! tr}· ' .'oa ting License .
Fines and Forfeitures .Storage .Kerosene Storagc .Pilotage .Harbor l-Iastt'r', Fees .Wharfage ,
I 4.545 43 Towage .24.9 II E'planade Storage .5 .553 77 'ustoms Guard .
159.052 39 La bUI . .. ..
14,130 00 Realiz.aliol.:t " .2.755 00 AppraIsal Fee .6.223 I'; Impt Dts. Gds Apprai ed..1.176 53
4/0 00
/0037 2 99o 45 Re pt . for 1 94(correcled)$524.767 3
2.73 73 --4 ' 4 03 Total at Honolulu $5 5.892 926:~75 54 TOlal at K~huIUl.. 4.196 I
.1.474 55 Total at Hl1o. . .. . . . . . . . . 5.499 602006 39 TOlal at Mahukona....... 1. 185 04
2:3 50 Tolal at Waimea......... 174 6725.762 54 Total for I 95 .... · .... $547.14904
TOTAL VAL E OF MERCHA DISE IMPORTED AT THE
VARIO HAWAIIA PORTS, 1895.
"OR'''.
Honolulu.lIilo.....Kahului.Mahuk'naWaimea ..
5.022• 94 77357.867 7621 3.4 2 744112.520 97
7.306 60
TOTAL VAL E OF ALL EXPORTS HAWAIIA ISLA OS. 1895.
Tutal Valuc 11 •.n"lulu. EXI·orls $6.272.866 30Total Value Kahl,lul 1'.xj>Orls " .. .. .. .. 6 7.«0 32T tal alue ilil" Exll"rl. 1,°54,75967Total Value Mahukona Export. . .. .. 459.081 86
$8.474. 138 15Less Total Value Foreign Goods Exported ' 116.031 36
Valuc Domestic Exports ..... .. $8,358,106 79
TA
BL
EO
FQ
UA
NT
ITY
AN
DV
ALU
EO
FH
AW
AII
AN
EX
PO
RT
STO
AL
LC
OU
NT
RIE
SFO
RT
HE
YE
AR
1895
.
n c:: CIl "i o ~ ::x: o c:: CIl t>l
CIl ~ ~ "i .... n ~
.U
NIT
ED
ST
AT
ES
..
AU
ST
RA
LIA
AN
DIS
.O
FP
AC
IFIC
,C
"NA
DA
.T
OT
AL
.N
EW
ZE
AL
AN
D.
CH
INA
&JA
PA
N.
--'-
-_
._--
AR
TIC
LE
S.
99.0
4pe
rC
ent.
.07
per
Cel
lt.
.62
per
Cen
t..2
7pe
rC
ent.
100.
00pe
rC
ent.
----
Q"","Y
'!V.
,""Q
uant
'y.
Vau
le.
Qan
t'y.
Val
ue.
Qan
t'y.
Val
ue.
Qua
ntit
y.I
Val
ue.
------
gar.
....
....
..lb
s29
4.77
3,82
7$7
>975
.164
41
9.44
2$
359
001,
550
$67
0029
4,7
8 4,8
19
$7,9
75,5
9°4
1:e
....
....
....
lbs
3,52
8,00
015
5,18
4°
011
25
0010
,65°
419
6613
°,°0
0$
5,9°
85
°.~
,768
,762
161,
547
16/f
ee..
....
....
.Ib
s11
4,98
322
,01
I18
904
215
00
175
3850
2,69
353
900
II8
,75
522
,823
68na
nas..
...
bn
ch,
98,1
6497
,81
30
0..
....
....
...'"
6,89
14,
786
2510
5.0
5510
2,59
925
uol..
....
....
.lb
s18
4,35
513
,946
26..
....
43,6
32
3,92
6lI8
227,
987
17
,87
3!4
des..
....
....
pes
19,1
8047
,214
14·.
....
....
...
..19
,180
47,2
341.
1le
app
les.
....
..pe
s51
,887
6,34
040
51 9
150
00..
,.
12.8
07
2,29
344
65,2
13
8,7
8 384
,at
Sk
ins..
....
pes
6,46
62,
638
20'"
...
....
....
....
...
..6
,466
2,63
820
eep
Ski
ns..
..pe
s6,
56 4
798
9°
...
...
....
....
....
..6,
56 4
798
90>I
asse
s..
....
gals
43>9
952,
92 4
45..
....
....
... .
..97
511
338
44,9
703,
037
83te
lL
eave
s..
..bx
sII
964
000
....
..,
....
....
....
...
,11
964
000
roF
lou
r...
...
Ibs
....
..6
00
·..,.
....
....
1620
....
....
....
..22
20m
ts,
See
ds..
pkgs
....
..64
50,..
.50
0on
....
.I00
....
....
....
..56
55°
nd
ryF
ruit
..v
alue
.....
.87
3oc
...,
....
....
....
....
500
12:6
0087
800
'a..
....
....
pkgs
12,6
001,
304
5°
....
....
.,..
...
....
....
1,30
45
°,n
es&
Ho
rns..
..37
,51
052
97°
....
....
....
5000
....
.0
,.
37,5
10
579
70ri
os..
....
..va
lue
....
..
630
°..
..12
000
....
....
....
200
....
..75
200
nned
Fru
its..
.doz
972
972
00..
..
....
....
....
....
....
972
972
00nd
ries
....
....
...
....
..7,
3°3
42..
..1,
206
00..
.,14
415
....
8[2
57..
....
9,4
6634
reig
nP
rodu
cts
....
....
55,8
I148
....
3,54
975
....
51,7
87oS
...
.4,
883
0S..
....
116,
031
36---------
._--.
----
---.--
-------
------
To
tal.
....
....
...
....
$8,3
92 ,
189
54·.
..$6
,12 4
75..
..$5
2 ,55
379
. ...
$23,
270
°7..
....
$8,4
74.1
3815
S R C B W H P G S M B T P S A B C C-S
F
'*O
fth
isdi
visi
onU
.S
.A
tlan
ticPort~
took
50,0
72,5
211b
sS
ug
ar,
valu
edat
$1,2
88,7
08.0
0,o
r15
.22
%o
fto
tal
valu
e.r
exp
ort
sfo
rth
eye
ar.
l>:> c:n
b:l
eft
CO
MP
AR
AT
IVE
TA
BL
EO
FQ
UA
NT
ITY
AN
DV
ALU
EO
FD
OM
ES
TIC
EX
PO
RTS
,18
91--
1891
1.
I18
91.
18g2
.18
93.
1894
.A
RT
ICL
ES
.,--
----------
-----,--
QUA~
TITY
.\
VA
LU
E.
QUA~
TlTY
.V
AL
UE
.Q
UA
NT
ITY
.IV
AL
UE
.Q
UA
NT
ITY
.V
AL
UE
.
Suga
r,~s.
....
..27
4,g8
3.5~
$9~0,537g;;
263,6~
6,71~1
87.
276
,549
24330
,8~,87
9\$1O,
200'95
837
30
6,6
8:9
9.,
\$8,
473,
609
10R
i.ce,
lbs..
....
...
4'90
0'45
°126
3,4
55
43
11'5
16'3
281
463.
6 51
8g7'
821'
0041
31
7,4
72
84
7,80
3,97
2/32
7,3
8109
:x:H
ides
,p
es..
....
..26
,427
64,0
32II
21,6
2252
,846
5119
,2°3
43.2
3°26
21.6
0334
,168
54)..
Ban
anas
,b
nch
s...
116,
660
179,
501
0010
5.37
510
4,94
500
108,
239
1 °5,
095
7312
3,00
4\12
3,5°
712
~W
ool,
Ib
s..
....
.97
,119
8,00
000
288,
g6g
32.1
8523
391,
592
32,2
5882
261,
337
18,8
6603
~
Mol
asse
s,g
alls
....
55,8
45/
4,72
140
47,g
885.
061
0767
,282
5,92
896
72,9
796,
050
II
:;:
Goa
tS
kins
,p
es..
.7.
316
3,21
215
3,44
91,
422
555.
911
12,
311
256,
759
2,3°
470
~A
wa,
lbs
8,17
97
76
00
16,7
252,
000
0032
'20
310
Bet
elL
eave
s,bx
s.18
59
55
00
121,
53
60
0III,
5°5
00
114.
612
50~
Cof
fee,
lbs..
....
..3,
°51
1,0
17
61
13,5
683
,23
80
04
9,3
"10
,951
3618
9'1
5°1
38,1
1750
~T
allo
w,lb
s..
....
.27
'225
173
100
792
4500
13,2
5050
000
c:S
heep
Ski
ns,
pes.
.7,
100
88g
505.
358,
en
87
06,
785
1,34
125
6,47
282
010
)..T
aro
Flo
ur,
lbs.
__1,
568\
121
00
3,0
5°
270
501,
100
70
00
!'"'G
uano
,to
ns-.
.1,
217 1
13.3
0600
612,
132
0060
,748
73
45
8._
-I..
Pin
eA
pple
s,pe
s..
5.36
82,
360
004°
,171
10
,13
90
019
,042
10
,36
45
°44
,903
9,88
g81
Su
nd
ryF
ruit
s,bx
s1,
422/
6,94
185
333
609
0077
781
850
12.
200
25S
undr
ies..
.._
....
....
7,65
482
....
....
..4,
72
186
....
....
..7,
916
58-
14,4
9442
Tot
alV
alue
__..
_.$
10
,1°7
,31
367
.-~~I$
7,95
9,93
80S~
__..
..•
10,7
42.6
5850
._$1
0,74
2,65
850
For
1895
see
page
25.
CO
MP
AR
AT
IVE
QU
AR
TE
RLY
TA
BLE
,S
HO
WIN
GV
ALU
EO
F'P
RIN
CIP
AL
DO
ME
ST
ICE
XP
OR
TS
,
FRO
M18
90TO
1896
.
PERIO~~_'
__
I18
91.
1892
.18
93.
1~4_'_
_~5_'_
_1_
[896 .
Fir
stQ
uart
er..
....
$3,
527,
659
13$
5,94
3,58
707
$2,
703,
541
44$
3,I
I9,9
2058
$3,
945,
979
17$
3,13
4,84
559
1$4,
985,
719
20S
econ
d"
....
..5,
425,
015
371,
900,
733
182,
,63,
072
454
,6II
,782
793,
147,
592
803,
648.
026
167,
243,
747
57T
hir
d"
....
.1
2,40
7,09
952
1,28
0,54
39
197
7,95
472
1,63
7,88
317
,I.15
6 ,50
124
694,
785
02..
....
....
....
Fo
urt
h.,
....
..1,
663,
530
1450
8,19
869
715,
369
441,
373,
°71
968°
3.23
666
883,
45°
02\.
....
....
....
.
Tot
al..
....
.1$
13,0
23,3
0416
$10
,107
.31,
67$
7.95
9.93
8aS
$10
.742
.658
50$
9,05
3.3
0987
\$8.
358,
106
79-----
._-_
NA
TIO
NA
LIT
YO
FV
ES
SE
LSE
MP
LOY
ED
INFO
RE
IGN
CA
RR
YIN
GT
RA
DE
,18
89··1
895.
NA
TIO
NS.
I18
8 9.
I18
90.
I18
91.
189
2 .18
93.
I[8
94·
1895
.
No.
Ton
s.N
o.T
ons.
No
'1T
or.s
.N
o'1
Ton
s.N
Ll.
Ton
s.N
0'1
Ton
s.N
o.T
on
,.
Am
eric
an..
....
....
118
51
25,
196
224
153,
098
233
169.
472
212
160,
042
219
177,
422
259
187,
647
219
183,
876
Haw
aii
an
....
....
..44
56,6
7035
43.6
4121
26
86
9II
4,34
027
20,1
3413
II,4
35
2822
,592
Bri
tish
.,..
....
....
2221
,IU
816
22,9
1233
52
86
630
59.3
1758
III,
6S
567
132.
08SI
60II
9,84
1G
erm
an
....
....
...
S3·
337
97,
070
99,
005
55.
978
55,
062
66,
708
910
,805
Japanese~..
oo
00·
58.
239
34,
70
1-
47,
167
34'
15'1
00.
All
oth
ers
....
....
.13
12,2
689
9,98
010
8,40
1II
8,20
12
2,24
52
1,81
42
1,70
3.__
.----
.--.----
.--.---
._-.
----
._-.---
._
-.---
----
----
To
tal.
....
..26
921
8,57
929
323
6,70
13
II27
4,85
272
224
2,57
031
';32
3,68
535
034
3.84
43
18
337,
817
(') c:: CI'l
""l o ~ ::z: o c:: CI'l t>1 CI'l ~ ~ ~ (') !" l':
>~'
CO
MP
AR
AT
IVE
TA
BL
EO
FP
RIN
CIP
AL
AR
TIC
LES
OF
EX
PO
RT
S.
18
66
TO1
89
5.
to:>
00
YIl
AK
IL
OS.
Il;A
Ll>
.L
B,.
LB
,.L
B,.
\.P
CS
.L
B'.
GO
AT
LII
,.L
II,.IL
II,.
1T
OI'
,IJ
UN
CII
'ST
01
AL
VA
L.A
LL
__~_._
MOI.
~~~
••-=
~:~~
::~:
1I:0
~TAI
.'~:
S}(I
N~_\
~~I-
=:~~
\Fl1
N(::
SAI.
~~~~
AN'S~.:ORTS
1866
17,7
29,1
61\8
51,7
9543
5,36
793
,682
8,33
1159
,731
76.1
1573
,131
1212
,026
'112
0,34
273
91,
771
$1,3
96,6
21,6
118
6717
.127
,187
544.
994
441,
750
572 ,
099
127,
546
11.2
0760
,936
51.8
8940
9,47
1120
3,95
8167
.666
107
2.9
1 31.
2°5.
622.
0218
6818
.312
,926
492,
839
4°.4
5°86
2.95
4178
.373
11.1
4410
9.50
457
,670
258
.91 4
342.
8821
76'7
8154
03,
966
1.34
°.46
<).2
618
6918
,:102
,11°
1338
.311
48,8
3°\1
.586
,959
340,
8'41
12.8
0385
,937
62.7
3621
8.75
2162
2.99
885
.215
1.15
26.
936
1,63
9.09
1 .59
187°
118,
783.
6392
16.6
6215
2.06
853
5.45
3141
5.11
113
.095
')0
.38
86
7.4
63
23
4.6
<)6
233,
803
41 .
96
82
,5'3
4.00
7'.4
°3.0
25,
0618
7121
.760
.773
271.
291
417.
011
867.
452
46.<
)261
9.38
4185
.24°
58,9
0014
71.7
0629
2 ,7
2037
.475
711
3.8 7
61.
656
,644
,46
1872
1
16,9
95,4
02\1
92,1
0545
5,12
1189
4,58
239
.276
\27,
0661
49J.
97ll
53.5
9.8\
288.
5261
421.
227
32,1
611
522
4.5
201,
345.
585,
381
~18
7323
·12 Q
,101
146,
459
941.
4381
507,
9452
62.o
l520
,677
609,
ll55
66.7
0232
9,50
7412
.823
57,5
3844
56,
492
1.66
1.40
7.7
8:~
1874
24.5
66.h
ll,
')0.0
601.
187.
986
4J9.
1 57
75,4
<)6
22.6
20,1
2 5.5
9671.95~1399.9261418.320
50.9
5573
0 )(
6.49
41,5~5.3~5,37
~18
7525
.0!x
1.18
293
.722
\1.
573.
739
556.
4951
05.9
7722
,777
851.
920
6o.5
9li
565.
46<)
379.
003
45,0
9896
'0.5
,81.
774,
082.
91
~18
7626
.072
.429
113Q
.073
2,25
9.32
41.5
42.6
0315
3.66
7".
1°5
32
7.2
91
45
.26
54
°5,5
42
31
4,4
32
35,8
<)3
514
.982
1.99
4.8 3
3,55
::::18
7725
,575
.965
1151
,462
12,6
91,3
702,
571,
9871
01,3
4522
.164
36<)
.829
51.5
5113
85,7
0315
0,58
611
,62 9
322
15.lJ
952.
363.
866,
66~
1878
38.4
31.4
589
3.1
36
2,76
7.76
82.7
84.8
6112
7.96
325,
3091
239.
9416
4.52
5522
.757
212,
740
22.3
6 418
0>.(
13,4
31
3.33
3.97
9,49
:<!:18
7949
,020
.972
87.4
754,
792.
8131
38•8
15
74.2
7524
.88
5..
...
/24.
94°1
464.
308
137.
001
2.57
15°
1203
6 93.
665.
5°3,
76~
1880
63,5
84,8
71,1
98.3
516.
469'
840
99.5
0822
.945
19.1
6<)
31,0
1338
1.31
644
.846
14.8
0114~
19.1
6 44.
889,
194,
4°:<!:
188119
3.78<)
'48312
63'5~7
7,68
2.70
010
2037
018
.912
21,9
7211
8.03
1121
.308
1528
.489
153
,41 5
4.28
230
220
.77
66.
789,
076,
38:<!:
1882
"4.1
77.9
3822
1.29
312.
169,
475
459.
633
8.13
126,
007
77.8
<)8
23.4
0252
8.91
32,
111
....
...
28.8
488,
165,
9310
34~
1883
114.
107.
1551
93.9
97",
619,
000\
1.36
8,70
5116
.057
38.9
5532
.252
\24.
798
318
•27
1.•
•~I3
.78 3
....
...
44.')
028.
036.
227.
11!""
1884
142.
654.
923
110.
530
9.49
3.00
046
,224
14.
231
21,0
262.
8642
0.12
5407
.623
146
512.
247
....
.··
58,0
408.
067.
048.
821
88
51
71
.35
°,3
14
57.9
417
.36
7.2
53
....
....
1.67
519.
045
19.7
8247
4.12
11
,13
7.·
·.·.
.60
.046
18.
958.
663.
8818
862
16
,22
3,6
15
11
3.1
37
17
,33
8,6
15
,,,..
....
5.93
131.
2071
21,3
0521
.173
1418
.784
\\.
....
..45
,862
\10
,54°
.375
.17
1887
212.
763,
647
71.2
2213
.684
,200
400
5.30
028
.639
56.7
1316
.233
75
.91
1..
....
58,9~6
9.43
5.2 0
4.00
1811
SI23
5,88
lS,3
4647
.965
12.8
78.6
007.
1302
4,49
4204
.743
17.5
8915
62.2
891
17
1 .3
35
11
1.6
31 .
434,
8818
8<)2
42,1
65.8
3554
.612
9,66
<).8
<)6
43.6
73.2
7.15
8197
.125
11,7
1512
41,9
251
Gua
nO10
5.63
°113
.810
.070
.54
1890
259,
798,
462
74.9
2610
.579
,000
88.5
9328
,1q6
33.8
768,
661
374.
7241
1.T
ons
97,2
04,
13,0
23,3
04,1
618
9127
4.98
3.58
055
.845
14,9
00,4
503.
0512
6,42
7127
,225
17.3
169
7.1
19
····
···'
·11,
2171
116.
660
10,1
°7.3
1 5.6 7
189'
2126
3.65
6.71
547
,988
11.5
16,3
28.
13.5
6lS21
,622
792 /
3.44
928
8.9
69..
..61
1105
.375
8.08
1.53
8,00
1&93
330 .
822.
879
67.2
82\
7.82
1.0
044
9.3
11
19
.82
6/1
3,2
50
5,9
11/3
91,5
92:
,l..·.
·.10
8,23
910
.74
2 .6 3
8 .,';
018
Q41
306,
684.
993
72.9
791
7.80
3.97
2/18
0.15
°21
•60 3
,6
.75
92
61
,33
7/.
....
..12
3,00
49.
591.
309.
871&
952 9
4,7
8 4,8
19
44.9
703.
768.
762
,,8
,75
51 9
,180
6,46
6227
.987
1°5,
°55
8.47
4,13
8,15
CO
MP
AR
AT
IVE
VIE
WO
FC
OM
ME
RC
EO
FH
AW
AII
AN
ISL
AN
DS
FRO
M18
65,
GIV
ING
TO
TA
LS
FO
RE
AC
HY
EA
R.
~ c:: en "i o ~ :x:: o c:: en t>l ~ :>.. :::! en :::! (')
C/'l
11,6
6411
,4,;
69,
793
10,5
2810
,855
8,06
86
,4°7
8,5
618,
101
7,37
66.
753
8,99
47,
949
10,0
23
10,1
499,
338
9.35
111
,58 9
9,82
69,
250
13,5
2 912
.244
15,4
0615
.4°3
14,2
2213
,43
013
,85
119
,56
5.2
1,49
521
,679
1<S
:J---
~
Haw
.R
eg.
Ves
sels
.
12,8
3374
15,1
1977
16,0
3063
17,0
1661
19,9
4864
18,8
1757
18
,84
3'
5421
,212
5818
,466
5421
,131
5119
,7°7
4524
,223
5436
,360
5543
,166
6344
,289
6346
,08
56
050
,064
6061
,272
6470
160
5380
,115
5110
0.70
358
74,9
1357
68,2
4761
74,8
1657
88,8
8455
88.5
361
5186
.441
5°
46'4
281
5341
,136
5139
,653
52
229
243
153
102
,18 47 47 63 43 41
37 33 27 25 16 19 32 18 23 26 20 23 J7 19 2.
60,6
2860
,268
54,8
3375
,65
69
1,2
4810
5,99
398
,647
62
,76
771
,266
93.I
IO10
8,70
611
6,62
116
3,64
015
1,5
76
141,9
16
159.
341
172
,61
918
5.3
1618
7,82
619
0,1
38
222.
372
21
0,7
°322
1,14
82
18
,i8 5
23 0
,12
°128
415
517
238'
6221
2032
3,68
517
343,
844
1933
7,81
7,10
1,0
134
"3
127
r59
171
146
109
120
120
141
168
215,
047
322
0,59
9II
210,
076
721
5,79
86
223,
815
1618
1,33
29
128,
375
722
8,65
5"2
293,
857
I.l
213.
447
2219
9,°3
614
230
,499
1728
4.42
6II
232
359,
671
625
140
2,18
2'5
239
423,
192
1325
85°
5,39
16
258
577.
333
/326
755
1.73
7II
241
502,
337
625
358
0,44
46
310
595,
003
1225
454
6,14
3.
1824
655
°,01
020
271
695,
957
/329
573
2.59
51II
310
494.
385\
1026
2154
5,75
4'3
31 5
524,
767
IS35
0\54
7,14
98
318
$Tot
alC
us·
tom
Hou
seR
ecei
pts.
For
eign
Pro
duce
Exp
orte
d.
$4
28,7
5535
5.53
944
7,94
662
3,06
763
0,5
17
158
974
204,
836
402
,547
217,
164
254·
353
185,
go8
213,
786
214,
492
116,
214
79,2
5'66
..;60
1'3
.08
597
.11
711
7,27
4111
0,65
411
6,9
1094
,243
76,1
6 464
.271
r19,
525
151 .
473
100.
149
75.5
0087
,48
511
6,°3
1
Dom
esti
cP
rodu
ceE
xpor
ted.
Exp
orts
.Im
port
s.Y
ear.
1866
....
\$
1,99~,8211
$1,
934,
576
$1,
205,
821
18
67
....
1,95
7.41
01,
679,
661
1,32
4.12
21
86
8..
..1,
935,
790
1.89
8,21
51,
45°,
269
1869
...
.2.
°4°,
068
2,l3
6,35
81,
743.
2 91
18
70
....
1,93
0,22
72,
144,
942
1,5
1 4-4
2 51
87
1..
..1.
62,;
,884
1,89
2 ,06
91,
733·
094
18
72
....
1,74
6,17
81,
607,
521
1,40
2,6
85
18
73
....
1,43
7,61
12,
128,
054
1,72
5,5°
71
87
4..
..1,
310,
827
1,83
9,61
91,
622,
455
18
75
....
1,5°
5,67
02,
089,
736
1,77
4,08
31
87
6..
..1,
1:11
1,77
02,
241,
041
2,05
5,13
31
8n
...
.2,
554.
356
3,67
6,2
022.
462
41 7
18
78
....
3,94
6 .37
03,
548
,47
23·
3l3,
979
18
79
....
3,74
2>97
83,
781,
718
3,66
5,5°
41
88
0..
..3.
67],
268
4.96
8,44
5,4,
889,
194
18
81
...
.4,
547,
979
6,85
5,43
66,
78 9
,076
188~....
4,97
4,51
08,
299,
017
8.16
5,93
118
83.
...
5,62
4,24
08,
1l3
"H4
8,°3
6,2
271
88
4..
..4,
637,
5141
8,1
84
,92
l8.
067.
649
18
85
....
3,83
°,54
59,
069.
318
8,95
8 ,66
418
86.
...
4,87
7,73
810
.56
5.88
610
.448
,975
1887
·..
.4,
943.
841
9,5
2 9.4
479.
4;5
,20 4
18
88
....
4,54
°,88
711
,70
7,59
911
,63
1 ,43
51
88
9..
..5,
438.
791
13,8
74,3
4113
.8'0
,07
218
90.
...
6,96
2,20
113
,282
.72 9
13.0
23
,3°4
18
91
....
7,43
8,58
31O
"W5·
788
10,1
07,3
161
18
92
....
4,02
8,29
518,
181.
687
8,08
1.53
81
89
3..
..4,
363,
178
10.9
62,5
9810
,742
•658
/1
89
4.·
..5,
104,
481\
9.6 7
8 ,79
59,
591 ,
3/0
18
95
....
5.71
4.01
88.
474,
138
8,J5~.107
~zlM:~
.i~:::~I
>·1~~
g~f:
."-----
o:::r
'VI
C,..
..
Z::
No.
1T
ons.
.~
p.~
rIN
0'I
Ton
s._
__
II
11
1I_
c_
------------
I~
CO
MP
AR
AT
IVE
TA
BL
EO
FIM
PO
RT
VA
LUE
S,
FRO
MV
AR
IOU
SC
OU
NT
RIE
SS
INC
E18
90.
CO
UN
TR
IES
.-,
1890
·18
91.
1892
.18
9J.
1894
.18
95·
507
87
22,3
71.
84
'85'jS!
'400
59
16.965
·~1
25,1
5900
33,8
7410
2,46
320
8,86
6I:
)18
4,33
514
28,3
5281
2,01
290
3,26
738
1,29
717
7776
291
III4,~7
75
553,
800
94$
568
.345
31$
344.
275
79$
619.
15°
7885
,45
63
187
,106
428
6,2
57
65
73,0
1522
2,34
a,7
1 724
2,41
3,36
925
'2.
738,
2136
83
,01
8,7
55
42 ,
87°,
52 4
621
,25
7,6
79
°891
)6,0
433
°8
05
,9'2
8633
2 ,76
775
362
,093
4539
7,05
477
41 3
,223
641
18,7
3044
22,6
9406
16,6
4363
12,0
9167
:x:28
,581
7036
,2.1
°82
51.7
8132
45
,80
76
7:>
'89
,057
3464
,821
4398
,920
41
64,3
1876
~6,
796
405.
309
187,
377
236,
970
10....
3,26
013
3,82
570
33,9
3543
39,4
8275
:;::18
,100
2841
,312
oS8
,84
60
248
288
3,08
872
4,56
017
46 .
766
3573
,797
8°
17,.1
=50
24
2 ,87
107
94,9
6778
66.4
6036
16,0
g633
'1
,11
062
2.86
50S
67,0
7703
90,4
4035
53,4
6919
1:>
.26
1,92
989
135
2,01
16
134
7,72
668
-:--
3°,3
6689
49,9
42
8°
77.5
7685
19,2
76
0012
,183
525,
523
625,
215
6 38,
215
537
,84
99
047
698
193
8°1
1'~5~,
~312
1,2
60
83
881,
01)9~$
1 °3,
796
853,
996
,881
6332
9,33
675
1,11
",93
.112
33,4
8 685
56,9
0946
32
°99
748
154
.069
849,
°78
63
$89
6,46
055
$1
01
,09
998
3,97
8•0
2236
289,
108
771
,01
5,28
459
40,6
6655
48,0
70
9814
0,6
0978
5,34
347
2,33
502
2,4
00
00
Gre
alB
rita
i",
{
DU
liah
le.
.d
S1
Bon
ded.
UO
Ile
late
s...
...
Fre
ehy
Tre
aty
.,.
Cud
e.
{
J)ut
iail
icB
onde
d.F
ree
byC
ode.
iDut
iahl
e.G
erm
any
...
....
..B
onde
d.F
ree
lIyC
ode.
{
DU
liab
le.
Bri
l.C
ol.
.\:C
anad
a.B
on,l
en.
IF
ree
byC
ode.
11,1
6000
28,4
6400
1A
rI
N{
Du
tiab
le.
57,3
6868
64,5
2Z
('9,
~stra
Iaan
cew
Bon
ded.
7,06
00
02,
61)9
04Z
eala
ndF
ree
byF
ree.
78
,12
54
911
7,94
547
{
Dut
iabl
e.27
3,99
630
242,
980
59hi
naan
dJa
pan
·1B
onde
d.38
,059
391
43,7
3774
,F
ree
byC
ode.
I1.
55'
352,
237
46
{
DU
liab
le.
6,58
450
20,1
4641
Fra
nce
1B
onde
d.1,
119
121
.51
95
5F
ree
byC
ode.
....
...
...
'1
{
DU
liab
le.
100
01,
51 4
19A
llo
ther
cou
nlr
ies"
JB
onde
d.1,
51 7
758,
160
611
__
__
__
_---
---'--
'Fre
eby
Cod
e.1,
886
509>
985
80
SUGAR STATISTICS.
HAWAIIAN SUGAR PLANTATION STATISTICS..
31
From 1875 to 19:>:1 illclu~ive.
r-Sugar---.Vear. Que ntily, Lbs. V.oIue. -f875.... 25.080,IX2 S I,: 16,V,8 821876 . ... . . .. . . .. 26.°72,429 I 272,334 5;11)77············ 25.57596, 1,777.529 ,71878 3X-431.458 2,701.73 f 501879 , 49,020,97 2 3, f09·563 661880 , .. 1'13.584871 4.322.71'1 48188f...... 93,789,4/$3 5.39;,399 541882 114,177.938 6,31O,X90 6518g3 · fl4107,I55 7,112,981 12IX84······.····. 142,654.923 7,3 18,8!)667188; 171,350.314 1>.356.061 941886 ;. 216,223,6'5 9.775.132 f2181S7. . . . . . 212,76J,647 X,694.964 07188g 2JS,888,346 10 81X,883 091889 242. l.o5,X3:; 13,089,3°2 10f89:> 2,9,7>'9-462 12.159,585 01189 1 ...•..•..... 274983.580 9,55°,537 801891. 263.6j6.71S 7.<76.549 241893 330,822,879 10,200,958 371"04 3°6,684,993 8-473,009 10r895 294.784,1:>19 7975.59:> 4 1
,..--1\1 oJasses---.,Quantity, Gals. V"lue.
93,722 S 12,183 8613°,073 19· 510 95151.462 22.7 19 30
03,136 12. r0768-87,475 9,622 2S
19l>·J55 29,753 25263,587 3 1 ,b30 44221,293 33,19395193·997 34,8 19 46110,53° 16·579 50
57.94 1 7, 5" 0)If3,137 14,501 7671,222 1",522 7647,<..65 .,.9°0 4054,6 I 2 6,185 1074,926 7,603 2q.15,"45 4.72 ' 4047,988 5,0~I 0767,2.'2 5,92R 9671,979 6,"50 II
44,1)70 3,037 83
PLANTATION LABOR STATISTICS.
NUMBER AND NATI01'oOALlTY OF SUGAR PLANT'N LABORERS, 1896
(: 'om piled from latest Bureau of Immigr:u'on Report.)
I H.I\\Uii'l P"rtU'1 j<lPJn'ICh' S. S. AllIslands. I ails. guese. ese. 111ese. Islander, Others. T ,tal.
H,wall···I~~3~-I'453 --3-2--~ 9.25J.
Maul······
1
5J t> I 54' 1.799 I 7"5 72 I 75, 3,790Oahu..... 153 245 1,'03 651S 12 49 2,210Kallai . . . . . 3"' 581> 2.828 9·\1 I 17 163'1 4. 858-T~.--:- -'-.5S4~~5X4 l'X+7 --f~~-I--"73- -20~120
Of the abo e, 1;'835 ollly are u"der contract; a little OV('f twO·f.flhs. Thenumber of Inhurcrs art: divided as f,,11 ow:, , ns to natiol1:l1ilYt viz: Hawaiians522; Portllguese 420; j;'pullese 6602; Chine,e 12°3; and I'olynesians 88,The,e ale 365 l1I'n",s en1pio)'ed on the different plonlat "ns.
C"mlJarin~ the foregll'n~ tal Ie with the 'abie of lahorer< for 1894 there areseven,] inte,estin~ pOints to he adduced. VOl instance: with a nll",h b'g',sugar crop t" handle th.ln ever before the furce of laborers are f174 less. Overone haif of this r·:ductiun is in the women "f various nati"nalitie" as follows:Japanese 624, Hawaiian 39, and Portngue,e and Chinese each ten less; a totalof 683. The tutal nun,],er of women elllployed at last report being 935. against1618 in 18:}4. Minors, slrange to sal', is confined to the Portuguese, andremains the same in number as in previuus report.
INT
ER
NA
LT
AX
ES
FOR
BIE
NN
IAL
PE
RIO
DS
,18
72··1
89Z
l;S
INC
E.
AN
NU
AL
.c:.
o~
TO
l'A
L'.
I\()AI)~
&C
AR
TS
.,C
IIO
OI.
.H
OG
S.C
AK
KJA
(a:-
;::
;F.A
:'\fE
:".
HO
RS
ES
.IM
UU
:S.
1'01
.1..
I'E
RS
O=
',\1
.\'
RO
l't:
RT
Y.
RE
AL
ES
TA
TE
.
--::
----.-
c--------------
(Com
pile
dfr
omF
inan
ce;ln
dB
03rd
of
Edu
cati
onK
cpon
....)
BlE
.''L
I---
----
PE
R1
0Il
S.
'E~
O.~IAR
I6,
140
I5,
894
22
,27
1 13,
125
I6
.07
319
.555
1)·
49
03
,296
I6
.01
218
.676
13-
')S7
3.°
56
I3
,°5
316
.46
54.
865
2,11
4
II;'
~.15
.173
:;,7
8081
513
.96
57.
125
642
1.94
1I~,924
8.7
50
4°2
I3
.30
.113
.315
IoJ>
,;5
114
6.2
79
11.9
85
11.8
353.
06 3
14·1
0013
.940
41.
,613
.060
14.6
28['.'
n,,11
\,l
('osl
,
3.86
711.74~
11.9
80
5.47
61
.850
4,6
98
4,4~7
3.9
22
1.8
'35.
971
5.4
25
7.2 9
7
385.
269
5.12
,723
::x:68
3,93
7:l
.7S
o.6
7-1
~lll~.
167
:l.
1'85
,98
7:::
:1.
0.12
.963
I:l
.1,
115,
40,
~
1.06
8.59
2~
522
581
~5<
)2.6
0:'
~--'-
c:: :l. i'
per
cap
ita"
.,$
-1.6
7,.
5·4
'5·
716
.19
6.2
35·
h5
5.5
0
5·37
5·'4
5.62
39
.41
854
.106
64
.94
067
.47
29°
,041
87
.322
103.
054
100,
278
118.
256
11,.2
<)8
120,
872
119,
565
132,Z~6
13
1,1
60
152 ,
137
151 .9
0615
2,26
815
2 .2 4
774
.8<)
1I7
5·n8
28
4.1
1'3
,83
.470
_
.$4
17
,10
3.
Tax
467,
7I
Q••
"
482
.93
8.
>37
.494
·56
0,7
57.
555.
42 l
l.52
9.IS
o.53
9,4
12.
522
.58 3
.59
2•6
92
.
11'8
6.T
axes
Co
llec
led
.18
117,
11l8
8.,S
Il9·
1890
.,8
91
,
1892
,18
93.
189-
1,_~~
95·
T.l
xpe
rca
pil.
,"..
.$
2.8
4I
",;
~.86
423
1
4.5
84
765.
185.
29
5.16
5·°
75·
og
1876
.18
77,
1878
,18
79.
1880
.18
81,
1882
,18
8 3.
1884
.18
8e;. ------vUliltin~
frac
liun
lO.
187
2..
...
52.3
53I
45
.32 9
I2
7,8
4'
53.0
06.1
87
4..
...
.53
.892
42
.70
827
.620
50.0
.-:8
1876
....
..58
.645
47
.98
827
·372
48
.194
1878
....
..94
.58 -
19
4.3
78
28.7
2247
.56 4
18&
>..
...
.14
3.71
61
'55
.94
435
.41>
443
•.;99
18
82
....
..,8
7,9
29
I201
>.0<
)645
·991
>4
2.8
19
1884
22
3.1
00
I254.2~6
52.9
6421
.975
18S6
I22
7.19
51
262.
307
61
.74
5t
..11
188
'\2
5:!
.36
2I
299·
974
63
.11
5.
189
033
Q.3
90I
32 9
.9°8
69.1
10
.18
92
358
.74
5j'
34
',2
05
78.9
6~..
1894
1:>
38.1
194
213
.'2
678
.99'
).
18
94
9m
051
167,
OS3
151.
580
39
.°5
°.
1895
'1
96
60
816
-1.2
7243
.603
.-t
Incllld~d
inPc
rsun
alProi;~;nY:-----
AN
NU
AL
INTE
RN
AL
TAX
ESFR
OM
187~
--------------
----
~
Sta
tem
ento~
'l'ax
es,
Ass
esse
d,Coll~cted
and
Del
inqu
ent.
~or
'l'ax
Yea
rE
lIIdi
rlg31
stD
ecem
ber,
1895
,F
irs
tD
iois
ion
',D
istr
icto~
Ho
no
lulu
.l\
l'lti
on
alit
!J,
Nu
mb
ero~
Ta
xp
a!j
ers
,a
nd
{Hnd
aol
iT
a,.;
,by
Jon
a.Sh
81-O
,A
ss
es
so
r.-
---
-------
-----
----
--_
._
--
-------
-----
,"
'-l
A ~ V, '-l
A '-l ..... {/J '-l ..... r.> o Co
lOCo
lO
Sta
tem
en
to
fT
axe
s,A
sses
sed,
CoT
Iect
edan
dD
elin
qu
en
t,F
orT
ax
Ye
ar
En
din
g31
stD
ece
mb
er,
1895
.R
ecap
itu
lati
on
o'
Dis
tric
ta,
Fir
stD
iois
ion.
Nat
ion
alit
y.
NlI
mb0
ro
'T
axp
ayer
s,n
nd
Kil
lds
o'
Tax
,by
Jonn
.S
hal
e,A
sses
sor.
"'"....
NA
TIO
NA
LIT
Y,
te.
=-=--~
DI1
...C.U
PT
IOz\
oar
fAX
.
16;!
'o("
R1
46.:1
"3•
62r):>
.""0
7:!
snO
J.'l4
7-=
--,=
=d
'i-0
4'1:
1U
II2
02
a01
2:<.
Rb
-•--4
--c-
'.-,
,--------
.f..
..J
\,t
{l
"d.tJ~:!)
'6'
46,q
-4
8'
21-=
-=1
==~
~,
,---=
=~
':"1::::
1....
~~:~:!
~ri~
~--,--
--
-":"
T;l
fl,1
I"
t.•
--73
11.)
ttS,
-1
--
•6
~U
ll'.!.,~:;
Itr
oJ
11S
II!'.
!tIl
l)~.4.~
---
"4
UIt
lt11
10
III
l:t
H).,
"l1'Y
)3
'
411
11-/
6io
-==
"S
I~--
an
-lt-
I
t11
:tl
I"
"J
~,.
~I -
1'1
74
11'1'
~i·'-lf!·
3)
:t:J
:!:l
J
_.
_~~1'
S,·'
::J1
~~'~I·
...
.II
IU
'I~.~"l.If'
I
-=-~
~'hiW
-}}i
-:-:
-43.
1~
wi
_.:...:..
:..:1t,
'.(j
Iln.2
.3,0
1305~
~"I
....
....
611
:j,J
~.,
tvl
1 \0
--1
, \6 II
I)e1
i,,,u~lIt.
CH
INE
SE
.
]A'''
''US
''-
•P
OR
TU
GU
ES
E.
==
.=
.
-------
~I~~-A~
.~".
.-:~I
••-.--
EU
ihJP
EA
N'-
II..
:tc~
..
cO~PO':TI
/loS.
JCh
llQ
..!:
I_'_
._._
\.l'o
,c:
eI.
.A
MIt
RIC
A'il
AX
U0
I~·
h:d
•..
•••.
IU
I
EU
RO
PK
AS
FIN
)l.'
;.;)
.:Ii
lll'
~;:(
.-.-
.-.'-
--t"
==-=--I'\'~'
..~V
AR
IOU
Sto~
eele
\!.
NA
Tlv
SA
LIT
HS.
,li'lq~.
-
\~:.
.'M
;I.
.,.
HA
WA
IIA
NA
:'L
J0
Ic..:
tcJ
.H
AL
F·L
AS
TZ
J~,i
.qIJ
":lI~.
=--=
=\~~
..-'.-.
-A
ME
RIC
AS
A'0
_v
llc.
.:te
d.
EU
RU
PR
Az\.
1.)c
li'I
Quen
t~.
=..=
=b;
""M:J
..-:-::
-:-'
·..,I
leel
"::..
:)C
,i.l
qu
Clh
..~_
.
\....c~J
...~
L:\
Jlh.
Clc
J._
._..
Uel
i4
ue"
t..
\..c.~l.~
~;·1I1cdcl..
..••
••
TO
TA
LS
OP
FIR
ST
DIV
ISo
sA~
A80
vt<
.\..
._..
,d,
....
..;,!>
:IJ!1
4.8
'\'
,80S
9l'
83
;5\
6',
S.H
13'~6
t'l
S,
\01
6,'"
8\"
>.'
Sl,
9SIl
3"',8
:14
;3o~~
..."t.
.J._._
._._.._
.~~~
If)~.f)I:!~
•.!~.!l~:!~~
'!~'
~.~:
l-I'
l!4~4
"I._
6:-;"
it}
.'l:
!i~d~-I:~4
~.112
6Il
cil
qu
ell
l._':!
._,'_'_
I__l~~~~~lU
oM:!
IS:!
UO:!.
OO
8S
,S"
S,Q)~
8',~,j4
j
~6"l!l0'"
r.•
[Del
ud
eJ[U
$U¥:
l..D
C-C
,$.
1.80
3&0
..
•S
tate
me
nt
0/1
Ta
xes,
Ass
esse
d,C
olle
cte
dan
dD
elin
qu
en
t,tio
rT
ax
Ye
ar
En
din
g31
stD
ece
mb
er,
1895
.S
eco
nd
Die
isio
n,
IIln
ui.
l\iationalit~,
Nu
mb
ero~Taxpa~ers,
and
Kin
ds
o~
Tax
,b~
Jonn
,S
h'l
I",
Ass
esso
r.
No.
uf
"0
uf
,,,'
Can
sI
II'
/I,<
nal
tyI
TO
TA
l.N
AT
ION
AL
ITY
,&C
.D.
E'C.
R.I~
'TIO
N.Pr
vj.J
e'r'y
l"\r"Ul1all~eal
Est
'te
I/r~
on~~
err
.la
-an
dD
ogT
axP
oll
.lJ
{oa
d'
Sch
ool
!l''
'~~
&_
WIT
H_
__
__
_~~
Pay
ers
Pa~e
l'.~
.~e~.
~e~.
Dra
y:.
1__
1_
_lA
XU
S.~~
PEl\ALI~
------
\s>essed~
l:iJ
i:"~
fll.
4ii
44
4$
17
"0
53
0$-
-:i8,
$~;4
$S5
5UU
$",
3lJ!$S9~
$4,cS~
$c3,~10
80$
'-$
----
HIt~
\~A/
_I~:
S::D
~\JJJeCLel.~l_
1.:~
3a~~~
l,3J
O_S
3~9~4~~~~5
3.~5
JI0
,5.8~31
8301
:2_
_1:
3,62
443
=._
Dd
inq
uen
t...
.....
tH4
3JU
:L,8
,7
~6=
-4q
45:-
<,12
'j_
!l'
£\>
1l}
l:3
566L
_5/_ti
,j45,
416
49-=
-==
==
==
-=------
A.,
e"eJ..
,..
,~61
iJ:
5,33
4:J:
,S,~3"
~)
51:'
104
1,"
0'~U
:J45
050
810
,094
7SAlt~~~~~:A~ND
Coi
lcct
t:d_
,__~
~l
~,~5
:236~3
~4~I
150
~(~I-)~61~
~8~_49~
~~l
=-~
,D
el"'
'1u<
nt..
u'
141~1
U=
0-1
'i:
;~'
_:J4
i~0'
_1
4_~ul_
i~1.
8_4_~4=~~=
\-;se,~ed
...
...
14
U1J
U~)J5
IIoS
g44
btl
1l:3
11)4
Oil
fiOO
1,00
41
,21
04
.91
i0,
)P
OR
TU
GU
HS
E.
(,II,
c:.
d",
,.,
1"8
018U
S"]
52
0"
4'1SO
10')
0"O
lU99
S1,
108
43
99
9S4
28
11
44
42
79
t~t:
:-Il
-t-,
----4
-0
--:;
-6~
---o
-J-6
--7~
-:M
Oefl6
--go~~
---1---
--=
==
==
l-\.
ses,e
d,.
....
iSJ
-l-;
-Su"=8,~
791,
49u
1412~
1-8
>'01
ur1,
801
"'z'j
~;~,O'O
;-;-:~YU
9:J=~~
CH
INE
SE
.L
:olle
Clc
d.
2:l
1.~
I'&4
19(
l,ln
SS
"83
J:~4
2ib
00Jt
~(lH
~.IH
3.4
"'O
!1Il
,:1
01
7£
20
20
10,4
3790
f)einqlle~,
--5
-"
--U
---3
30
89
---g
:!'3
4-4
'-4
4--
431[
;-6
0-W
s-1
:!0
-i,1
89
1'3---
-----
==
=\s
~e..s
::d.
......
.8,
~,;)
:d-=
==-I
lia
-=22
873
-3
46(
l8~,
t.55
1-(
n6!1
5,'8
0]3~8
93=
-==
=.
....
JAP
AN
ES
E.
Col
lect
-d_:
_:_,
_.._,
__~~
llJ~
__~':-:'H-E
--.Y
;~v
~:!!~O,
4,Y
'!912
,,,8
018~i
b:J~2,71S
31Je
li"q
lelll....
"0o
'I
iO84
'15
I"i8
16
00
0'1IW
i12
043
815
==
=A
se
sed,~",.,
4S'
:-
810
--
",.
"",~
..•.
=-4
0r,=~
=1
54
164
=4
1f
7(=
==
=V
AR
IOU
SC
'lI'·c
ted
....
,..
.S
,10
10
..,
........
~00
7113
414~
30\;;
7(,
4]0
:J59
80N
AT
ION
AL
ITIE
S.
Delinqu'":~---J
---1
1-~O
-----
-----
--:2
1)0
--U
--iU
-ti~(---
-----
AE
RIC
AN
AN
DA
st"s
st:d
....
....
2,,(
=14
,11<
184
l:~..,O
~~d~
-3
(I=-
--=-
"=
-..~=
=2
S,1
197~
==
=-
=---
---=
=='E
UR
UP
EA
N'_
:~le
cle.
'_I_
,_,
~_-
14,16~
_lS
,:,8
9SS~O~
:.._
__
_~8
,r03
..!i
~S
~2C
OR
PO
RA
TIO
NS
,IJ
din
qu
,,,,
....
I:,
05
U..
..,....
0..
..,
....I
....,
....5
65
0
~-==A·se,sed
.."""
9==8'ili~=S~13
-~
16
=F
oo
"~-'-'~I
"~I
49
44
0=
==
=E
AM
ER
ICA
NF
AN
Ul:
olle
c,ed
:_,,
_,_.._.
.9~
__S~
__
S_
_IU~O
_"_
"_
,,_
._
"_
"~
49~
UR
09
EA
NIR
MS
.d
·ltn
qu
en
t...
....
....
....
....
....
..
....
....
..
...
...
....
....
..
..., :,., :>< cr. ..., ::>. ..., ""cr. ..., ..,.: (")
~
TO
TA
LS
UF
IA~'e
ssd
,·'····1
~,~~91
7,7
Si l
Sl,
rio
O'!I
2I,~SU
SO!
104
91
1ISO
IS
RC
0NO
.D
IVIS
ION
(.'_
~~~~
_,,_
,_,_
..J/
ns~
~8.h~~
lQ.U
-)i
n6~34
'952
As
AB
OV
E.D
ell
l1q
uen
t"".
841
N'7
14,
417
541,
d33
,4"]
C,
~34
1,:'1
1U
OI7
,7S
ilS
,51
01
14
,so
o!
1,~u
300
~~112,53~
liS
;50
1S
J80
0DD
.9,
D1,
044
92,1
:",4
9~1
IS
","1
00
41
1,S
:328
184,Cl~
92H
,444
i8---
---
-c.
>~
Sta
tem
en
t01
1T
axe
s,A
sse
sse
d,
Co
llect
ed
and
D3
linq
ue
nt,
fior
Ta
xY
ea
rE
nd
ing
31
stD
ece
mb
er,
1895
.:-
:e
;,
Th
ird
Olo
isio
n,
Ha
Ula
ii.N
ati
on
ality
,N
um
be
roJ
Ta
xp
aye
rs,
an
dI(
ill;
:\"o~
Ta
x,
by
JOlla
,S
ha
le,
Asse
sso
r,
:J:: ~ ... :;: ~ :a.. ~ ~ ~ t"lO
ll22
6.~5(J
hj
9,on
sn;
It,a
Ua
10
4;.6
:!!l
S~
l!if
.,O
IRl!O
-I
;,1
03
6I.
~""
I1I
~1I)
t4,0
4:11
:!:l,!
l~:.!
t-.t
l :\.!
l:d
,Otl
SO1.
214
1.0)
10
'IS
.~:!
"'(
:!:I.:
''O.a
:!6,6~1'i
1[.4
~;7
t«tH
3:lO
W~15
3;~
3::1
4,U
I39
6
4".~
14-I
iu.
.314U
:,;;
61U
l-
U·:
UU--
"11
4I,:
!:!t
0:.
!H.r,q~
1:1
2.6
'30
1
:\0
.or
r\u
.u
(_,
.IC
art.
..
.P
"-ll
:lh
)'TOTAI~
",..\
JP,..
',l)~"'~ln:ll
Rt':
llE
Sl'
l':
P,r
"'l.)
Ilal
Crn
:l- j
and
Dog
T:l
xP\
JII.
RO
ld.~chool
.1.o
·rA
LI
ItI
\\111
1p
.f,r
e,.
....
II'.ll~cr:..
IPro
vcn
)'.
);C
S.
')ra
ys
II
AX
KS•.
CO
-.h.
PK
'A
L1
1V
-S.
I,ll
'l""S
IU
4II
,S4
,;;'
IOi;
11
5$
1~6$
13:!
llOH
$~,!
JI"$
4.9<
lis;
.,31
6$ll
4,1"
;;3$
$~ll
t.7:
Nla
,3t:.
J4
'_4
4JJ
41~
:l~
l.(),~~
t,;";;
$)4
.:0
'ifl,
l:!".
!~j:~~~7
.aO:.
110 1
32,t
:;0
87t.
al
11~1
t5Jtt
:11
":!d
.ti
l.,
:!4
101
111
1Zt
W)
1~~
t.4
:llS
OI
tIIll
bOll
Ia,
n:):.
Jd
l3
.-2
0IJO
;3
dt4
~~'
o6U
tI!J
iij!H~
f)j4
It,~
j937
I_
_t;
,.,~I
!>,15~
~:;I
S,H
I.il
3.H
I::~
1;6
''I)
475
86
i9~
4IU
oIU
I)J
298!
iII
,M!i
89..
.tJ
90
14
4ti
l'i
t:!\
I..
~)
nit
to5
0ti
ll1,
:\tS:
\it
:'
IIS
I11-
-:-:;1'
4'5
Oil~
...:\-4
1:",4
411
14~
uOI,I:~
t.o
:!..
t.If 0
4O
,..rl~
ot
UI:
If.t
..j'
SI
::In
II..
0:~
1t.;
041
1.H
itl.
lH:!
:!,n
:,~
6.:!
tft
9:!~
:(.~,
0:,1
--IJ--W
lil:
!'.
0:-:
1114
..14-Uu~
4t-:ro
~11-1"
~-ll
HIt'
:!~I
--=8
(1:i
3,'1-
-1~i.'
1;l-n4
It4'
14~'~I
t:!-~
I;j.
lltJl
)4.4
~61~"
ql:J.l
j1:
)1'
t.t4
;6
inS
·.14
·30
:!:.
104-
113
10
0~.~4;
3,01
0-4.~1
It.:
':lt
6)
U2
5H
---1
4'--;j-I
113
Il:.
•7
(}:0
--2
16f),
"1M
;041
-au
-:l.
...~74
1 -
---:""
:HI
7,1
0'
41
1))
16
!a:
.I:!
3:!
fl.'
un';'
.16J
1t4
.044
14,1
"4!l
a.';'
tl4
;"~
__
t_I'
7.l4
d~_3
!-O
<:'
10
;4~
_1
2_
:JO
4;;
001
;.14
U14
,0..
.14
,1;;
03
",!i
29
33/
11
;:1
61:1
5(l
.ld
1"1~I
110:
,~~
;I;
..~
~19
~IIS
:Id
:\4
.17
!it~
3W
It4liS
:!
46
nnlU
'./..oJ.
:\""
lIN
:!t
310
It4
)1
~:.!
46
00
1!)
:!<~
;<01
Hl!}
:?".!
l
,"~~I-=
-:~'
~.;~:,':
;'31.~
'~:!:~
W,
tH<
J~·'::
:II--
"-'
14
:'6
):1
,'~'II-
4",,
,1
.13
6!1
631
.(I
IU:
159
646
19
m,.
...
....
,4,.6~'9
Illl
-S,--2
3-4
1:1
3,1
'--t
-~.I
"1-::
-.-...
..(J
:J;I
-==1~
-~
~;l,J5-1:~
-":;::4.\.Jl~
-3f
}2(
}.\01
••••••••••••
1U
,IlH
,'Iw
I
_~~,
3,;'
15.1
~~'.~,!!
.~.,
~I
_:":
.~_
Q"j
('3
9i l
D&
.scR
IPrl
oz\
0....
r.\X
.
CIII~ES£.
jAP
AN
y-s
e.
NA
TIO
'lA
I.IT
Y,
&c.
~-
-,--
A.."",··~j••.•
.•.•
HAWAI1A~
AN
IL
olc
clc
J..•....
HA
Lf-
AS
ia.
.-:-
.-
Ul:
,l.•
qu_.
:u._
....
I,\,,;;
::;;
j..,
,...
.A
M.K
WIC
AS
,\'\
01.
.:.'Il
,ct,;
teJ•
....
..E
UK
UrE
\:ro
...----
1)e1~~q~c:nt..
.\".t"
.:i:te
:J.
I'
Po
RT
l:G
CK
'H!.
1~
...Ic
:ctl'
!'l..
:_._
._Jc.inq~c:n•.
~:...-
'..
\~"'
C:ok
J..•
-,-,
-.-
~o
lc:c
ted
.
Uel
i4
ued
t.
.\i.
.c....~
CJ~
l;u
llec
ted
.D
cI_i
u4ue
il.--
\'.
A....
elt-.
c:J.
"A
RlO
t:...
Lo
llcc
lcd..
.~TI~L1TIP-~"c1~q~
Ill.
.
~IE;~C~"
,,"'
u~3
~~se
J;.-
.-..-
EUR"I'~AS
LolI~1:e
,•..
...
CowP
~~'r
r~I~
~_s~
~:~I::
~C.I.j
t..~::::
.!\\
lRR
ICA
"JA
Nn
;olle
clc
d.
EU
RO
Pt<
AN
F'I
ttW
'.D~._
..~
TU
TA
l_';
op
'.~...-
.e~sed
....
."I
--t,
3J
'1---;..
·04
3T
HtN
DI)
tVtS
os
,tol
lr-c
led
.....
:....:
....:~
13,~:!o(
As
AO
O\·K
.I}
cin
4u
CIl
l..
..a.
:iltl
o---------
---
---
-
Sta
tem
en
tof
iT
axe
s,A
sses
sed,
Co
llect
ed
an
dD
elin
qu
en
t,fio
rT
ax
Ye
ar
En
din
g31
stD
ece
mb
er,
1895
.F
ou
rtb
Dic
isio
n,
Kau
ai.
Nat
ion
alit
y,
Nu
mb
ero~
Tax
pay
ers,
and
Kin
ds
o~
Tax
,by
Jon
a.S
haw
,A
sses
sor.
IN
o.
of
N,'
.o
fI
..IC
arts
II
I"
Pen
nlt
yT
OT
Al_
NA
TIO
NA
LIT
Y,
&c.
1DESC~I.PTION
Pro
per'
yp
en'O
Il',n
lR
eal
£,",
'tc?e
rson
alC
rna-
:..nd
Dog
TaxI
po,1,
1.N
O,a
d.S
choo
l}
,OT
AL
&W
ITH
uF
lAX
.J-
':lyc
r:-..
Pay~rs.
PI'O
pt:r
ly.
gC
f,.
Dr;
lys
1A
XI!
$.
Cos
ts.
PI::
NAL.
TIE~
.
Asse,sed~
-0~
896
9$
3.5~4
(iii$
76
19
,f
3ili
$-1
05
$-02
tOt'
,$
91-'0
$J}
17
$1,0
00$
0,39
7-00
$~
$=
HA\VAtI~N
AN
D\.
.oll
edcd
....
....
01\
930
2,01
0If
,7
to3
,25
lJ89
53
00
080
61,
;W9
1,58
98
,43
75
t4
06
88,
484
20H
AL
F-C
AS
TI'
-----------
--------
--
--
-----
--
--
----
---
-----
..L
Jdiu
4u
eu
'...
..,.
346u
854
5160
4816
8300
134
4871
960
14
~-==
A,s
e:se
d.
.....
..21
524
83,
880
3f
~,85
0:W
4[)8
1\;8
193
003~0
612
638
0,1!
i0-6
4=
==
Al\~
~~\~
~'~A
·~NI
)LOIl.t:Clt:~.~\_~
~64
3t~8aO
is~~
_lt
ifl
00~(j~~
~~8D
59_~
__
9,0
98
92
_.
lJd
llJq
uC
nl.
....
[,10
]1.5
U.J
01
:W
:!
t80
04
....
iOO
n
==
==
==
=,"
\s~e
·s~e
J...
....
.\
'24-5
5.
=-:
-"li
40
i-i4
V53
lOb
&113
3-00
-la
g94
81
],00
03,
0504
:1=
==
==
.=
=-=
--PO
RT
UG
UE
SE.
\..ollecleJ~
21_
_~
__
l1U
lJ~_
_1~8
4\~4
---±'
__7
30
010
3i~4~
~~33
__6_~
2,0
36
63
D,l
i,,4
Uen
t ...
...
3,
14UO
n1"
114
60
00
-2
44
120
121-
---
I"\SStS~:d
l,ij
i,lt
Uz
I,;
Ul)
Iii,
:t,U
[Jl
4\)--
8i
12
80
02
,On
:1,3
733
,95
21
3,0
0;-
63
=-
CH1N~SE.
Col
lecl
ed..:
.:.:.:
.:..:.
.~"~~v
__
V~l
50~11~
VI_
_44~
--.21~
2,00
33.~35
3,80
4~375
46~~I
12,4
00~6
Del
i,q
uel
l..
....
I~
""S
;5,
15
,at
,5
G14
00'
'41
13
814
863
017
I-
------
..hst;:s~t;:~i~-:-~~
=(H
;),l.:
lJo-
-4"a
4U-
t>O
UU
tl;0
107
12
60
0'
3UO
.7
83
07.
898
-21.
llfl
--;j
O=
==
==
=JA
PAN
ESE
.L
oll.e
Cle
d..
....:...
.:....:
__~
_;)
,V.J
J_
_4~
!9_
_Ulj
:l:.I--
--!2~3~~
3;94
27:
798
7,85
720,9~OS~~I-!~I029~
==
=lI
eInqu~...
u_
Ij_
_7
01_
_~u
8_
42
00
10_~2~
_12~31=
1=_
VA
s,es
sed
...
...
..1
8~
371
>59
18a.
...
2300
iGI
140
150
4107
O~
---
NATI~~~~
~~'"S
Cul
lecl
ed...
:.:.:.
.:.:.:
..:1_
_~
__~
__
50,1
8_
_6
_._.
_.,_~I-----!.!~
~4
__
434
03_
102
,_~
.~.
'ld
inq
ur,
.I..
....
.•..
f...
....
...
n00
48
623
00==
===-
=-==
-=:-
=-=
-..=
-==
==
::.=
--
=.=
::::-
--_-
=-~
---:-
---
=--
=-
==
=..
:;=
==
==
-~-:.=
=:=
:::;----
A"E
RtC
AN
AN
nA
»essed
....
....
151(
1,1)
1302
12
,30
60
1-
4843
86
00
....
....
....
23,8
0103
1----
EU
NI%
\NC
ui«
ted
....
...
15to
013
021~,3Va
0148
438
60
0......
..1
....
23,8
0103
23,8
0103
C",{rnl~A11'
NS
.D
ein
qu
e•.I.....
.~
.~
~"--.:
.....
..~.
:-
..-:
-.....
"'---:
-:'i...
..~:"":"":'_'I-~
A!A
,sess
eJ.
....
..14
....
~.~88
fo~
3.43
05u
5388
1100
,..
.·1
5,87
1O~
.---
-Eu
~~~I
~~~~
NI.~
:~s.
Cui
ed
ed
....:
....:...
:..:._~
_._~~S8
bt~430
50~
__
88~
_"_
"_
"_
"_
._._.
.~i1
02~_02
__
_._.
IUel''''!~~_
_..
_.._I_....:.L_._..:~
..·
11.
....
1T
OT
AL
S~F
-'-I
A,s
e-s
ed
--:-
:.[1
,'8
'17,
g~1
22
.28
77
;122
.5;7
981
I,OOG
Il'
Oi4
\1,
24:l
00\
7,88
:111
4,'1
~01l
fo,~
081
85,~
fo8
7101
IF
ou
w.r
HIJ
lV~S
JON
Cu
ll.e
etc
d~d~
....3
'..:..5
[)4
01~z.31:2
0;)
1,O
U4
1.04
21
,00
0on
7,;
46
,14
,190
15,0
2~8
3.9
26
06
14
03
084
,OG
726
As
Ali.
Vii
.D
elll
Jqu
clll
.·.·
··I
1(:
?li
lT73
376
i45
0392
321
92
00
1371
:?30
I27
011
193
l;0
•
...., ~ >: en ;;: ...., ....; en '-l ..... (') :n w -,
-----
---
2."
OS
,1
"
QS
,-9
l"!
5
l,:f
-i)
O:!
<-> :::: :.. ~ ... ... :.. ~ :.. ~ ~ c: :... r-
..tn
clu
In~ur;u)oe
$l.
80
810
ADMINISTRATIVE STATISTICS.
TABLE OF RECEIPTS, EXPENDITURES AND PUBLIC DEBT OF HAWAII,
FOR BIENNIAL PERIODS.
(Compiled fr0111 \':1riOllS Finance Reports to the I.egislatllrc.)
Periods Ending MarchUp to 1894
Then Dec 31
Revenue. Expenditures. Cash Balance,in Treasury. Public Debt.
--- ------ ------1856 . .. $ 419,228 16 $ 424,778 25 $ 28,096 84 '$ 22,000 00
1858 . 537,223 86 599,879 61 349 24 60,679 151!i60 ... 57 1,°41 71 612,410 55 13. 127 52 128,777 33,862 ... 528 ,039 92 606,893 33 507 40 188.671 861864. 538,445 34 511 ,5 11 10 22.583 29 166,649 og1866 ... 721,1°4 3° 566,241 02 169,°59 34 ,82,974 601868. 825,498 98 786,61 7 55 163,567 84 120,81 5' 23187°· 834,112 65 9,0,550 29 61,580 20 r26,568 681872 . 912,13° 74 969,784 14 56,752 4 1 '77.971 291874· 1,136,523 95 ' 1,192,5 11 79 764 57 355,05U 761876 .... 1,008,956 42 919,356 93 89,599 49 459, 187 591878 .... ' 1,15 1,7 13 45 1,110,47 1 90 130,841 °4 444,800 00188o .... 1,7°3,736 88 1,495,697 48 338,880 44 388,900 001882. 2,U70 ,259 94 2,282,599 33 126,541 °S 299,200 001884. 3,092,085 42 3,2[6,406 °S 2,220 42 898,800 001886 .... 3,010,654 61 3,003,700 18 9,174 85 1,065,600 001888 .... 4,812,575 95 4,712,285 20 109,465 60 1,936,500 00ISgo .... : 3,632,19685 3. 25°,5 10 35 491,152 10 2,599.5°2 941892 .... I 3,916,880 72 4,095,89\ 44 312,141 38 3, 21 7,161 131894 .... I 3, 587, 2°4 98 3,7 15,232 83 184,1/3 53 I 3,417,459 871895: ... ! 3,5°6,18;; 96 101~2,07~73 _69,225 ~,811,064 49
BONDED D~}BT, ETC., HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, DECEMBER 31, 1896.
From Rt:port of the J\'linisler of Finance.
Loan of Board of Education. . @Under Loan Act of 1876. . @
" 1882 @1886........ @1888... @189°············ @1892 .. @1893.. @
Treasury Note Act, 1894-Due P~stal Savings Bank Depositors.
12% .7%6% .6%6% ..
5% 6% .6% .6%
14,1003,500
69,4002.000,000
190,000124,10059,200
545,00058,000
747,764
Tolal. ... $ 3,811,064
ACT 68 of the Session Laws of 1896, provides for the consolidation of thepublic debt of the Republic of Hawaii and the issuance of new four per centbonds therefor, not to exceed in the aggregate $3,33°,000, redeemable in fro~
twenty-five to fifty years.
HAWAlIAN ANNUAL.
LAND STATISTICS.
ApPROXIMATE DIVISION OF LANDS 1848-55.
Government. . I,495,CXXl acre in I 48.Kuleanas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,658 ••Crown Lands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 915,CXXl in 1893.Bishop Elate. . . . .. 420,CXXlOther Chief' Lands surveyed before '55· . 133,013Chiefs' Lands not urveyed before '55· 1,018.329
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 4,OlO,CXXl acre•.Total of Chiefs' Lands, including Bishop Estate, 1,571.34 t acres.
The foregoing estimate of areas i largely increased IJy he inclusion uf se\'era)exceptionally large grants, viz.:
Grant 2769 to J. P. Parker, in Hamakua 37,888 acres.•• 2791 to C. C. Harris in Kau... . I 4,298
3343 10 C. 'preckels, in Wailuku. .. . . .. 24.CXXl3146 to C. R. Bishop, on :'>Iolokai... 46,5002944tOJ. M. and F. 'inclair, 'iihall.... 61,038
Total . . .3,)3.7 14
TOTAL AREA OF LAND CO)01ISSIO!\ AWARDS (K LEA!\AS.)
Hawaii-Hilo District 466.35 acres.Hamakua ~& 2t542 .OO I'Kohala 2,129.16
Total area of Hawaii Kuleana•......!liauiMolokaiOahuKauaiLanai
Grand Total
Kana District. Z,llg.OO acresKall .2.124.18"Puna 32.13
9,412.87 acre.70379· 742.2118.877,311. t71, 824. 17
441.97
AHUP AAS AND ILlS.
Hawaii-Hilo 6,620.25 acres, Kohala 1,933.00 acre•.Hamakua 8,248.48 .. Kona 1,261.79 ..
Total Hawaii........ . 18,063.52 acres.II-Iaui. . . . . . 17,547.83Molokai. . . . . to,343.62Oahu _. .. . . . . . . . 32,785.62Kauai - . . . 5'h272.OO
Grand Total. . . . . ... _. r33,0 12.59A recent estimate of area of present government lands gave a l"lal in round
number of 828,CXXl acre, which, toeether with the total amount ~ranted, woulde:ive in round numbers 1,495,300 acres as the amount originally held by hel:0vernment.
LAND STATISTICS. 41
TOTAL AREA OF ALL GOVERNMENT GRANTS (LAND SALES) TO
JUNE lsT,)896, IN ACRES.
PREPARED FOR THIS i\oN NUAL BV PROF W. D. ALlI:XANDKR.
HAWAu-Kohala 21,691.14Hamakua 63,8:11.31Hllo .......• 26,710.47Puna 18,480.87Kau........•215,538.81Kona 60,277.41
Old Hawaii corr'd 3aS,8g6.59Since May, 1893.. 17,623.42
New Hawaii lotal. 406,520.01
Tolal for Hawaii .OAHu-Kona. .. .. 5,686.68
Ewa& Waianae 7,4°7.85Waialua. . . . 19,828.77Koolau 12,329.79
Total for Oahu .MAUl-Lahaina .
Kaanapali .Wailuku ..Hamakua .Koolau .Hana ..Kipahulu .Kaupo .Kahikinui .Honuaula .Kula .
TOlal for Maui.Molokai ' .Lanai .Kauai .......•....Niihau, .
Grand Total. .....
364. 172.675. 00
25,825.5 1
18,7 11.532,024.726. 21 9.921,54°.°3
11,537. 22.M95·67
15,100.8413,923.93
101,509.5456,845.53
735·9516,340.2561,088.00
688,292.37
Old Oahu total. . .. 44,868.8:1Since May, '1893·· 384.27
New Oahu total .. , 45.:153.09
Old Maui corr'd....• 100,638.04Since May, 18g3.... 871.50
New Maui total. ... 101,509.54
AREA OF GRANTS ISS~ED FROM MAY 31, '93, TILL MAY 31, '96.
HAWAII.Kohala .Hamakua .Hila .Puna.Kona... '
Total. .MAUl.
Kula ........•Kaupo.
Total. .....
ACRES.
170 . 19381.90
11,826.061,069. 024,176.25
866.012·49
IOAHU.Kana .. "Waialua ..Waianae .Koolau .
Total ..17,62 3.42 I MoJokai .. '" .,
'Kauai .Hawaii .Maui ..
Grand Total
137.58232.30
6,547. 85
384. 2 7884.63
1,217.0017,623.42
871 .5°
2 HAWAJlAN ANNUAL.
TABLE OF RAINFALL, PRI CIPAL STATIONS(to'rom (;O'Clnlll nl :-'u~e) "'COlt her ~ef\iu: KC(;Olf..l~.
Stillion. Oh""l'I\l'r.I 94.
July. Aug. 'iept. Orl 'No\.! Dec.
.72 3·953·33 5 3062210.3 17. 1 3 9·77
7 4379 J.9J ~ ..1l
50 I. 72 .0<)'.10 Ho7· 17 3· 21.64 '.4
c • 1 261.5917.721 2621.05 5.01 1-5'
I .'
7·'3· l
'.00
2CJ9
Oh4.'7 11 . 11 35 6 .J2'6 I. I I . l~ 3 25 7. '0
02 . .10 7 r 4 6<) 10.5°
!47'J x()
.00
iO47
5 11 J-9 1 4. 144 ;f, 4. 1 I n
1.022 67I II
\1',. F. Pogue..A. ~lcKihbin ....D. C. Lindsay..0. P. Wilder. JOE. Rcin1.ln. .. 57A. lIancberg ··1 '9K~. GjelClrnm 4 ]2Ilr. \Iowritl... 2 61
JlA\\' II.
\\'aiake:.. R. Kennedy... 7 .Ill '4 7' 19 57 9.31112·.70112.51!Iilo(lown) ..... E.(;. Hilchcock ..... 1.1 9 17.65 ·5512.64 [0.21I, aun . na G. II. \\'illiam,. . .Pepeekco.... W. II. !,odg'r' 9341140819.77 6.9712.90 12.171I0nOmu .. Planl'lli"n. 8 19 '39720.27 7.0912.7110.5°Hakalau... (,eo. I{o" ..... 7 9612 9417 2 5 3212.17 .2I.aupahoehoe E. \\'. Barnard. 8312 26. 4 57 9.66 4.26(lokala. .. \\'. I:. \\'alker .. 5 7' 0 i2 l)·5 ll 5· 6 '1.44 2 '4Kukaiau J. R. Renton. 475 /3 6.-2 4.9910.70 1.26Paauhau ,\.~Ioo,e. 26S 555 .1.53671904 0.30Honokaa J. ~1. Muir .... 331:> 637 4. 02 4·45 9. 29: 0·59Waimea E. W. L)'o,h... 2 01 7 ¢ 2 27 1.16 4 4 1.0<)
Kohala A. O'lrom .I I 654 4.10 ;.7612.7°, 2 25Kailua W. S. Yowdl. 61'\9 - 00 ~.42 4. 41 6 1814.35Kcalakekua ~. II. Oa,·i, .. / 6 22 C) 97 •. 2 7. 10 13.59 1.7 rKalahiki I ~1. Ila,i,.... 4 (,6 4 i2 5 14 2 S3 9 '0 5.95~aalehu... i,. l·. lIewitt I 891o 7 4 43 2.3914.37 8.23Pahala.... T. <-:. Will'.. ··1 ° 68/8 i 4 '0 2 68 5·97 8.99Olaa. J. \.\. ~Iason ... '4 7611 17 2 69 11.01115 913.Q6Kapoho. Il. B. Lyman 6 'I 'i <)4 9 46 9.62 .64 12.20Pohoiki....... I'. Rycrorl.. '0.21 h 091 9.6, 10.54
~IAUt.
Iialeakaia Ranch.Puuomalei ...Paia ...Kahului .Kaanapali ..Oluwalu .IIana .Molr,kai.
OAII'·.Punahou ...... J. L)un'.... 55 S7.l 34 ' .IS 4·3612 43Kulaokahua \\'. R. l'a!>l1e 49 41 15 3' J.27 12 02Kapiolani Park .. II. ~1c.Cullum.. '5 211 /.60 '05 .4111.3'ylanoa .......... J. Kidwell ..... 2 7 67 6·94 !on 4.8 12.68School ~lreel.. S. E. lIi,hop. I 5' 3 29 5 63 1 45 4.67 I I 72:"uuanll A'·enue. W. \\'. lIall .. '95 2 i4 577 I '2 4.5012.2
\'alley.... Eleclric Stal;"n 4 77 S 4S 11 96 5 8 7.6511.0'LlIakaha . Waler \\·ork,.. 8 96 19 46 23 59 12 00 12.93 16 S.IWaimanalo \.In·ine... , I' 20i 4· .6<) tl.61 16.33~Iaunawili.... Ceo. (;ihb..... 4 05 7 33 l) 45 ~. 7 S·32 17.65Kaneohe J. P. ~lcndonca... S.6<) 20 70613'92Ahuimanu ,II. "adarlane. 4 '4 ..Kahuku iCeo. Weight. I 50 2Waianae. .. .. . .'A . .\hrcn'..... 52 I
Ewa Planlation... C. Scrimger.... ' , 9!KAI·"I.
Lihue..:... 10: 1\: \\:ilcm. 42~) 72 !·3 2 77Hanaici .. \\. (,. Smith.. 7' Cl <10 2.8 4.55Kilauen.. .... ... H. R. nahu .l'~ 11 i" lJ 3 1 6 94Hannlei. W. II. De"erill' 4 4 '70712.5° 7.76Wniawa. . A. F. Knud en.' I 11 ... _~Iakaweli ........ N Om~ten.d......... 14 51\ 4.21,
RAINFALL, HAWAIIAN ISLANDS."-- - -----------
THROUGHOUT THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 1895··6.By C. J. Lyons. Exteoded from last ANNUAL.)
35.5241.6275·7995·55
52 .7'34·44
44. 6430. [2
26,3660·3348.5747. 6585·73
[37.9650 . 648,·95
.15.56[96.8989·53
qO.05
100·5968·4776.5739.2 461.6060.4673·47
Total.
1.597810
2'492.102.3 1
5. 265. 89[. [52·941.943·3"1.59
00
06
2.00 2.372.54 ' 2.398.5 1 , 5·[44-9',8.38
[5 [I
53,··· ..
I. 3/7 I
392. 33
12.482.4 2
6·997.46
92
3·731.938.052.782001.45
1.82 .....4. 62 6g1. [2 1.62
'4 2[
14 42
00 00
3.27 1.801.21 1.43
3·332·5°6.627.58
°S°S
993 2[[ .00
;6'9800
5·9[1·95
.63
.893·357.40
5'46
6 S0 3.843 05 2 333 88 1.298.18 <;.854.38 4·494. 0 8 4. 856·95 8.256.7613. 262.65 2.707·34 4.924. 02 3 485.82 8.082.52 3. 171.69 1.:;012·94 [.7 1
5. II
9· 6 [3 521.8[2·392·°54. 663 2lJ
2 262 545 246 58
°7I 17
3 09I 30
I 474 302 872 674 72
7 62I 763 38I 615 292 02I 10
° 74
9712 09
I 612001
-' 3912 991
2 072 20I 37
2 38., 3°I 482 462 982 643 8[3 205 334 973 00
5 5[ II'
6 50 [44 30 2 631
[3 76 6615 99' I 85'477· ...7 13 I 87'4 14 2 42
200200
32510 I
32
5° I
5°so10
[("0
5°5°
4°5850
25300
/00
35°251560
2000
1400[80[0
[515
2007°
, Feet 189",-5_'---,~.Elvtn. JaJ.l. I Feb.", Ma~." ~p~"" May. Jun:.:
52 3 02't2 00 13.4218.°5/3.85 7·57100 354198714.8920.951411 8·97
1250' 23.1431.7818.°715.94100 I 406;15 <;812.3415.0512 051 5·34300 8 3615 16,11.6815.91 6·99200 7 59'1 4 [I "9.81 [5.1713.5° 5.38
10 11 08 [6 2°112.00 [4.47 9.38 8·34~oo 791 i 78 ..... I[ 02 7. 23 .....250 10 4216 25112. [51236 6.89 7· '7300 ' 8 '7 '057 8.82 3'44 7·97 4·44470 9 5814 27 8.87 2.61 8.1I 5.03
2720 4°41 492 ;.73 1.12 2.11 2·49350' 4666476.433.632.764.49950' 1 nl :! 96 4.08 5.86 8.49 5. 17
1580 5 01 3 25 3·05 3·39 8·30' 3·54800 ., 8J 2.87 1.86 6.67 2.81650 2 48 [ 871 1,72 3.14, 1.07·····
[[00, I 27 63\ .88 88 70 001650' 3 95[14 4[ 19. 0123.34 21.35 [7·,5
'10 5 43 6 8010.29 6.89 5.58 2·5710 3 25 [0551 8.68 [0.26 3.51 2.8[
I
Locality.
HAWAII.Waiakea ...Hila ....Kaumana .Pepeekeo .Honomu .·Hakalau .Laupahoehoe .Ookala .Kllkaiau " .J)aauhau .Honokaa .\¥aimea .Kohala .Kailua .Kealakekua .Kalahiki .Naalehu ..Pahala .Olaa .Kapoho.Pohoiki .
MAO!.Haleakala Ranch..Puuomalei .... _..Paia.Kahului " ..Kaanapali ..Olowalu .Hana .Maplilehu ..
OAHU.Punahou .Kulaokahua .Kapiolani Park .Manoa .School Street. " INuuanu Avenue ..
Valley .Luakaha .\:"aimanalo . .- ..Maunawili.Kaneohe .Ahuimanu .Kahuku .\Vaianae..Honouliuli
KAUA!.Lihue .....Hanamaulu .Kilauea .Hanalei ..Waiawa .Makaweli. ,
.... ....
SU
MM
AR
YO
FM
ET
EO
RO
LO
GIC
AL
OB
SE
RV
AT
ION
SA
TH
ON
OLU
LU,
1896
·96.
ICo
mp
ile
J(r
oO
lre
cord
...vi
\Vc
3lh
,..r
Hu
rea
uhy
Pror
.A
.B
.L
VO
NS
.)
~ ;:,.. ~ ... ~ <: ;:,.. <: <: ~ t-o
Fur
the
Mon
th.
T~.MPEKA
IU
KF
.
Dai
lyRang~.
Fur
the
Mon
th.
IhK
Il)1
I'~.K.
Dai
lyR
ang
e
'II
0A
TM
OS
I"II
EK
WS
TA
TE
.I'
~:
~ti
l
_./~
~,
~~
IID
ewP
I.R
eI.
Hu
mid
.I;;V
5"~
--=-------:-:~-
ij;"
~~
16
:00
2.00
9:0
0'G
~n.
~lid'l
~':;'
)Io
lllh
.)!
eall
.H~
L.'l
.)!
~an.
~!ax
~!ea
nl\l
Ist
LsI
.A
.M.~~
A\'l
·.~I
ean.
day
.·N
igh
tI-=
-~0
-
(Ju
ly..
..0
;11
13
01
81
29
.94
'30
.04
8,1
61
1.5
861
671
7;.
1318
1.S
4176
.16'
77·7
16
6'9
60
·573
.61
.5;'
4°
)1.I
~ugust..
..,
064
30
11
,29
.93
300
07;
161
0·3
86
69
74
.80
81
.22
76
.36
77
466
8·4
66
.7,
79
·5I
2.97
,48
27~~
~eptembcr:,
07
43
011
,29.
9213
0012
11I;
9·9
846
7,7
4.4
6,8
0.6
37
6.;
67
722
.6
7.
16
5.
1I
76'4
\3.3
44
829
~,
Oct
oh
er.,
.07
73
00
9:2
9.8
029
.984
1'18
12
.786
166
72;5
'81
.;1
'7;.
29
'76
4;"
67
.R6
4·9
82
.21.
3631
)20
No
vem
her
08
1:'
30
18
29
.75
30
.01
2,1
,8'1
·584
59
69
.33
77
.87
72
'37
3'I
64
.76
5.5
18
2.0
4.3
64
015
\D
ecem
ber
08
0,3
016
12!)
7413
0.00
1Ii.
181
0.8
81,
59
6/l
.74
76
.62
,71
.59
73
.32
64
.46
7.7
.8
2.9
11
2.4
34
9,6
iJan
uar)
'..
09
0'3
01 7
2 9.8
62
9. 9
9Li
191
2.;
80
57
66
.39
76
.39
69
.29
70
.69
65°
69
·49
1.0
2.3
84
32
Feb
ruar
y09
0130
2)1
29
.90
30
.04
916
11
.180
60
67
24
75
.83
69
.54
70
.87
62
·96
6.0
I8
3.6
3.09
138
15'8.~
Mar
ch07
8 130
231
2 9·/
l73
o.0
6I
'18
11
·481
59
66
.40
74.o
o'(,
S0
06
9.4
76
0.2
63
.87
9·4
6.5
05
'24
~I
Apr
il.
077,
;30
2)1
2 9.9
53
0.0
78-
'71
0.6
112
64
69
·9776.9~
717
37
2.8
96
3.6
65
.'78
'93
.84
55
18:
[M
ay
....
06
8,3
02
0,2
9.9
6/3
0.1
07
''7
/0
511
36
57
20
0,7
8.5
87
)5
57
4.7
'6
3.8
62
.61
74
.81
.31
40
28Ju
ne
I0571130~29'99_30_'09_9
17'_
"_._
1ll
)6672.:2Z78~74~75.21
63
·96
2·4
_73_
·4_
'·5
.94
5I
30
:V
ear.
.:.07±'3~23129.7430'(~17i1191~
865
77
°'7
1'7
8.3
47
2.9
0,1
4.0
0;
64
.86
5.0
79
.84
4.7
21
44
.6_
25
5I
Pas
t7
year
sll
.070
,30
2712
9.69
/30.
046
27..
..90
54
,71
.10
"'2
2.8
17
4.)
66
5.
1I6
±IIJ
5.8
37.96~5·
5_2~
10 50
FIRE-ARMS.550
. .. 255 00
PASSl!NGER STATISTICS.
TABLE OF ANNUAL LICENSE RATES
Fee and Stamp. Fee and Stamp.ALCOHOL. (Bond $1000) .... $ 5200 KEROSE'NE 011. FO" FUEL2 • '" II 50AWA, Upset pric~ at Auction: (Bund $1000.)
District of Honolulu.$looo LICENS~~ TO HUNT WITHHilo, or I Island uf Oahu.Wailuku.. 500 LIVE STOCK .Lahaina. " 250 LIVERY STAHLE.
Each other District ... 100 I Dislrict of Honolnlu.. .. .. 5100And Stamps. Wailuku or Hilo 2600
AUCTION. District of Hono- LODG!.\G OK TENHIENT HOUSE. 250lulu, (Bond $3000) 61300 Certif. Agent Board of Health.
E:lch other Dis (Bond $500). 1650 MAKKIAGF. CE"EMO:\Y, To per-AGENT TO TAKE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. form, .no fce.
Honolulu.. 1050 MERCHANDISE.Each other Dis. 5 50 Jf annual gro,s sales are less
AGENT TO ACKNOWLEDGE LABOR than $lO,OOO.......... 5100Co NT" ACTS. If$20,000 ' r uver, Ys of 1%
Honolulu... 51 00 of annual gross sales,BANKING.. . . .. . 765 00 and stallips.BILLIARIJ. $2500 each table. Application mUSI be sworn to.
and statop. i\11 J.K. District of Honolulu, .. $26 00BOWLING ALLEY. $25 00 each Town of Hil03...... .. 15 So
alley, and stamp. Each other District. . . . . . . . . . 5 SoBEEF BUTCHER. "Slaughter i': I'-\RY PUBLIC. Hvnolulu... 10 So
and sell," Honolulu...... 103 00 Each olh~r District.... 550Each other District.... 21 50 PIIYSICIAN................... 10 So
(Bond $500.) Recommended bv Huard of Health.BEEF BUTCHER. "Sell." PEDULING CAK~~ 2600
District of Honolulu. 2u 50 I \Vrit~~t~h:~?:t~;CJI:~I~~~~~n of Marshal
BOAT. Harbor of Honolulu, POISONOUS DKUGS.. ,Lahaina, Hilo Of Kahului. PORK BUTCHER. "~Iaughter 5
100
With 4 or more Oars. . . . . 8 5U and Sell." Honolulu.. 4 1 00With J~ss than 4 Oars. 4 ~o : Each 01 her District.... 20 50
BOATMAN. Harbor of Honolulu 1)0 IPORK HUTCHIoR. "Sell"COMMKRCIAL TRAVELER. . .
hland of Oahu. .. 510 00, H~nolulu. . . . . .. . . . . . . 20 SoEach other island 255 00 J U BUC SHOW. $5 00 for each
DRAY, CART, "VAGON, ETC... 3 00 . Performance, and stamp.Dis. of Honolulu, ~ALMON : ,. . . 10 50\oVailuku or Hilo. STOCK AN D SHARE BUSINESS.. 102 00
DRIVER. Certif.astoComp't'ncy 50 SI'IRIT. ~e~l:rs" 51100FIRE-ARM'. 50 ~ al - 1,02100
HOTEL, BOARDING-HOUSE OK \o(~~~~a~~·~~~.i , 51 100RESTAURANT.. . . . . . . 51 00 Application subject 10 approval of
Certif. of Agt. Board of Health. Marshal or Sheriff.I-lACK AND PASSENGER VEHICLE. TOBACCO, CIGARS AND CIGAR-
$1 00 for each person for ETTES· , .which the vehicle has a car- WINE. Manufacture of, fr"mrying capacity, and stamp. grapf's of Hawaiiangrowth.Certif. of Inspection and capacit~·. (Bond $500). 3 }'ears No fee.
t Application countersigned and forwarded by Sheriff. All members in good and regulastanding of the Police Force, of the Citizen's Guard, oi any legally authorized military organization, shall be exempted from the payment of any fee for a licem:e or licenses to possess, carryor use fire~arms." Certificate from commanding officer required.
2 Outside the limits of a circuit of three miles from the junction of King and NUllanu Streets.J Limited to a circle, the radius of which shall be two miles from the Court House.•... This does not exempt (1)e t'/older from th~e payment of a fee for a Mercantile Licens •
HAWAIIA AN UAL.
PASSE ORR STATISTICS.
. KKI AI." A~I) Ihl'.~KT KE·. Ho 'OLUU', 1895.
TO
:\Iales. Female. Children. :\I:tl~. Female>. Children.
I 4 9 12 42'
15 ·U' 21
• 412 2337 I 425
"an Franci 0.. 45' 123Auslralia :lOd New Zea·
land . . . . . . .. .... 6li 30 I 2
Oregon & WnshinglOn 6 I 1
'hion and japan.. . 4 56 059 1321 lands in Ihe Pacific. I" lJ 7 5Brit. Columbia.. . . . fi9 35 14 43 3-Olher Counlrie, 345 12'1 !6z 1
~L-.-.---61-;1-131 I--;·--~.~I~ 305
TOlal arri"al, for year. '.090: InIal departure,. 4. . Excess of arrivals: 3454.
225228
'195·593605
2.2232.157
7
446377
'''J•.6667
2,5241.399
4
41
1/\ TRANSIT. C:('~ll·Aj{AI'IVE.
•~. '''Jl·36 I 53'5"9 1.312
I. 72 3.4032 I 2,939
9212
From San Francisco to Alhlralia nnd N Z .From AUSlralia and N. Z. In San Frar,cisco .From 'an Franci co 10 China and Japan .From hina. japan. elC.• 10 San Franci 0 .
From Oregon nnd Washinglon 10 japan .From China and japan 10 Brili h Columbia .From China 10 Mexico .From San Francisco 10 Porls in Soulh Pacific ..r rom Au Iralia and >lew Z. to Hrili h olumbiaFrom Brilish Columbia 10 uSlralin an,l Ne\\ Z
Tn .1.1 in Transit. . 3.13° .247 6.121 6.
HA\ AirS AN UAL TRADE BALANCE. Etc. SINCE 1879.
Year. ·1 I n1l)0rl'o. Excess Export Cuslom House"alues. Receipts.
I
I
I 2
1883188418851886188718881889189018911892189318941.895 .'.
1.°73.26 4 1
4.547.978 644.974.510 015.624.240 094.637.514 223. 30.544 'i4.1177·73 734.943.84° 724.540.887 405.43 ·790 636.962. 201 137.43 .s 2 654.02 .295 314.363. 177 55. 104.4 I 435.714~~ 54L_
1.295.176 462.3 7.457 923.324.506 6<)2.509. 1°3 793·547·4 415· 28.273 435.6118•146 854.763.206 617.362.511 3°.6...... 15° 77
6.1 .62 352.957.2°5 62114,153.391 9015.599.420 514.574.3 13 1312.760,120 61 I
402.1 1 63421.192 015°5.390 gll577.332 755 1.739 595°2·337 3580.444 04595.002 64546.142 63550,010 166<)5.956 91732,594 93494.385 10545.754 16524.767 37547"49 40
.riA WAIfAN ReGISTERED VESSELS .
•MERCHA TME AND TRADERS.
TONS._"F_'G_"_S_T_"_"_.j CI.ASS., __'_.A_'_'F_:.1
257 IStmr Zealandin.._281 Stmr San Mateo .283 !Hark Andr~w \Veldt. .,85 H3rk IF'oohlllg Suer· . . . . . . . 980 73290 Bark Maunaala -, 779 22
299 1J3rk Le3hi , 536 84)04 IB3rk 'R P Rilhel............. .04' 73;0,5 hip IJohn Ella - 2]1) 58)06 Ship Hawaiian Isles , 20.p ,,8307 . chr Amt:rlcana. . .. . . . . .. t 7 34JoS 1St mr IAlexanuer. .... _. .'\ 280 0
309 IShip Helen Brewer....• 0 ••• 151].693'7 Bark ROs<'\lIe -...... 'I 6]8 61J.8 IB3rk IS3nliago. ... . go. 07)22 Stmr Kahului.... ....••. . . 852 00
j.!:3 Hark Iolani _. I' 56 82J24 Stm r A"tec. .1 22g8 02
REGISTERED OWNEk").
John S Walker• I E )1 Makalu3C Brewer & CoC Brewer & CoJohn S WalkerW C WilderC Brewer &: C"J no EnaJno EnaPhilip Br.lunJohn En:.tC Brt:wt:r & CuJohn Phillip:,>J?hl~ A.,. ~COltL. k. l'lShop
Ie. Brewer & Co.C. \V. Ma ;farlane.
COASTERS-STEAMERS.
1~F:GI~TE"'EJ) U\\ ;0., Ek:..
- --::;;_.- Stml~' Likdike .. ~--.-.-...·~~~;~82-~\Vilct;r~ tt~n:.hi;Co- ~ICJU )Strnr IKilalle.~ HOli. 153 10 Wilder Steamship Co196 IStml" :\1okoI1l..... . 'ri 49 21 Wilder SU'amship Co.20-1 Sunr Lehua. . . . . 129 So \\'ilder Stealllship Cu~.G Stmr Kinau . ~ 773 07 ,\'i1der Steamship Co.!86 IStml' :lawaii... 227 44 Wilder St.:amsJ.ip Co.!~l StOll' Claudllle 609 16 Wilder Steamship l:(,.:07 ,Sunr Jaln"es ~lakc~. 1366, t1ntt:r Island S N CoUi :-lmr ,Iwalani... 23Q 81 !(nler bland S N Co.!47 j::itllli' 1\\1 (; Hall... 38027 lInter bland S r Co.oJ. IS[mr \Vaialt:>ale.. '7560 linter Isbnd S N CIJ!O') Stmr Mikah:,b... 35324 {nlcr Island S ~ CO
L7.!. Sunr Kaala .... .. .. 90 53 IllIter bbnd S N Cv3'1 Stmr Kt: Au Hau.. 192 64 Inler Island:; Cv;14 iS~I'mm~ l'5a~ i:.. .... 265 13 (nter I:.LlIld S Co.!68 I jKallllllo:t..... 19883 Inter I:-r.land ~ N COIQ5 '~llllr IKaena....... 4981 linter bland S N Ctl.!66 :'11111' p.\ CUlllmin.. 79 4.4 ~VaiUl::\Oalo Sug~r Ct,~4 Slmr ,,'"·O'a"".·'· 1526 ';H\Vt=lmore;2u ,311l1r 16 66 R R Hind
COAST~~KS-SAILING.-- --- -----
1~£(;t ... rt:R'I":L..-\ss. ",.\:\11,. I_TVI'~.-------1 -
-II Schr I Rob Roy. .. .. . . .... .. . . 25 49 J I DOWSdt
15S Sehr :\'lillc Morri5'.... 22 32 F \Vundenberg<00 Sehr Lub..... 7Q 5' S. C. Allen.t05 5chr ~Iokuola: . 1710 Oli,'er Kalua.!15 'Sehr Kauikeaouli ... 72 13 Allen & Robinsoll'14 Sloop Ka"ailani.. . '4 39 Sing Chong & Co'48 ehr Sa,ah & Eliza.... 15 49 W F Williams.l50 ISchr Kul~manu....... 85 22 S CAllen250 Sehr Heew ... ' . . . . .. . . . 20 49 J I Dowseu<60 ISehr Moi Wahine.. .. '47 25 S CAllen.!o·., Schr Kaulilua................ 47 96 Inter Island S S C(,~76 Schr Lavinia. 't... .•••.. 4() 06 S CAllen'79 Sehr K311l0i........... 10806 S CAllen'97 Sloop Kaiulani.... 12 93 Sing Chong & Cu'98 Sehr Liliu .. 47,6 J F Colburn301 Sloop Ekekela ,.. 4 17 SHale310 Sloop Hiilawe _............. 3 02 Akonajl3 Sehr Norma............. .... So 69 Wm E Rowell119 Sloop Kailimai... ..........•. JO ..p John Kapu]21 chr Ada...... 27 9:: Jas F. Hardy
-t. JIA II'AI/A.' liN VAL.
VARIETY OF FISH HO OLULU MARKET.
1..:.,\ 'ta: OF (21/ \. rI 1\'. I'EK W Ef:". I)" KI '-:G Alll.I· .... ' A'll :--;1-:1'1 E;\I HEI..: , • '9f'.ICOIIlI,iletl (nun I<.t:port'" of I. II Kchipio. Fi.h IIl"pcclor. Board nf l-I~ahh.1
• \:\111:\ 11"1:' , /' 3 1I,Iu n . 2 (ll 164A"w" No 3 ..!.' 25 Ilthll1lanu • «(I 2A'u • " 10 Ilin"le" ,6 (i/ 60-IAu" 932 ,!, 'I, lI"nu (,urll,') • «(I .l:\'ua'u :; IlunlllhulI\lI ~ (// ~4S
Ah" 1 (0/ 5 1'.,h"l.. IAh""h" ,
" .,ku I.j (// IiAhi I (//
""Ia ,I (f/ ')5Ahol~hnl,· '°5 .:.' 1,0]0K.\\\:lh:l\\:l (// ,~
Aku ,65 .:./ J,110".hik ih. I
.\kull' 2 8 .:..' 7·5°7 Kok 2 (// 5('Alaihi 52 .:.' 1.3S3 I,umu 101 (// .jI ~AI"la " 17
I'" IAI.."lo 2 «(I 9
,"pUll
Ainillii X6 I."cnihi 7 (n 4
A"""Ill" (ll1ullclj" 13.62 7 .:..' 2~. 795 I."i II «(II 'IS...\ Ilihl til 1:\ 2 ,!/ 4 1."il',,1a 4A\\:l 192 .:.' 5..1(,,1 I.,"",,,U 4 (n 30,\ \\'t,la I .:.' 7 Ld..'llln:l I
A\\t'll\\'t:tl .:./ 4"4~I.\ib ~ (rt III
E.• i ~I.uii 3 (ll 10;I::n'-°llllt..' ,
" 3 1 ~I.",illl"hi I (rt
1:\IIbu'a I '5 ..!.' 794 .\I.lblHablll:l 51.11'"k~ I .:..' 160 .\1 dulo 35 I!! 1l)6Ih~ihl' ,\1.1"1:111111 I] n I
.\I.\l.illi 234 \!.! 1.211( Jnlll:\ , ..!.' 5 .\1.11'" ISh",.) 4 <.f') (, .
.)l)in 254 ..!.' 85° \llk·",\.! 'IX0,-ll'u 3()(' ..!.' l.nJ6 .\111:1 IOlall I .:.! 3 ~11':lllo 22 (rt 35b()1II"k" 101 " 7
'.\ ~11I1 104 (0 iii'
Olllliu I /' 5 .\1'1111'11111 (rr 3 10110
~Iu \ (rr 6,UI'.H' (SllIill1l") 1::1g!' 5 ,!, ''I
?\4lhu 2 (0Ol'elu ;\11. 50(, It' S,O.11 II
Ol,ihi I:.lt.:'" I .:.' "~1l1111 1(0 2
I'ule ~1I. I .:.' 34 1',1\IU 349 (rt 6i'Uu 3° (u ',13,' 1',\ II 14 (0 7'7Ullk"nil"' 2 I''''''ni 14 (rr 41Uhu '7 .:..' 79 I' nuhunuhu J
ku I ,!, 4- 1'.11'"i (( ',,,h,) 1,02 7 V' 2,530I fa I' ':' 546 Pipit' 3 (a) .60Ulaula 52 pl)(/u
• (a 10
lap" 1-''' p" 6 (!') 54 I'l.op:ta 10 (a 2K~
UI"a 34 (w S' '\",Iu '52 (a 446p".,,,lu 2 (n 24] l'uhi (Ecls) 6 6.mallm~lt~i I I'uhikii 1.<)60 (rr 42,235
H"I"lu 2 (1/ 20:> \\'''n'' 117 a) i54H"puupuu 22 Wcke 280 a) 1. 824IIep (Squid ~ l2 (ll I ,2 I Weien • a' 683
Of the ahove li,t d nin~I)"scvcn \'nriclic" ,,11 bllt "IH'ut twenty-five m"y bl',,,id to hc rCl:ularl)' in m"rk~1. Thc tnt'" "'"11he" I'c, w.,.k (IIr I he period :lbll\'l',hown '" nged (roll1 3 , 105 up tu i9,4i '
NOTABLE PAS~AGES. 49
NOTABLE TRIPS OF PACIFIC OCEAN STEAMERS.----
1'1<[1', !\[ILE~. ~TE.\:\IEI{. DA':'E. I). Il. M.
~an Francisco to Honolulu, 2100, City of Sydney --, 1880, 6, 14, O.., Zealandia, April, 1882, 6 13, 25.Mariposa, July, 1883, 5, 20, O.AustralIa, April, 18V3, 5, 19, 53.Alameda, Dec. 1885, 6, 0, 30.China, July, 1893, 5,' 14, O.
Honolulu to San Francisco, Zealandia, Oct., 1882, 6, 10, 45.u " Mariposa, Aug., 1883, 6. 18, O.
Australia, , 1891, 6, 22, O.China, Nov., 1893, fi, 14, JO.China, Oct., 1895, 5, l:l, 54.China, Sept., 1896, 5, 8, 29*Coptic, Oct., 1896, 5, 20, O.
San Francisco tu Yokohama, 4764, San Pablo, July, 1887, 14, 2:l, O." ~ , China, Oct., 18:13, 9, 4, 1'7'
H\lI1gkong 15V5, Chin",1882:
3 23, 45.Oct.:
,Yokohama to San Francisco, 4595, Arabic, 13, 21, 43.,. " ' " China, 18£13, 12, 00, 45.
" via Hono. Coptic, Oct.: 1896, 15, 21, otLo Honolulu, Chll1a, April, 1893, 9, 12, 9.
China, Sept, 1896, V, 10, 11*Coptic, Oct., 18V6, 9, 12, 39.
San Francisco to Sydney, 72V7, Alallled.l, Dec., 1895, 21, 10, 0*Auckland to Sydney, 1286, i\laripoSl, lan., 1886, 3, ll, 50*
" Honolulu, 3810, \1ariposa, April, 1882, ll, 10, 35*Sydney to Aucklantl, 1286, Zealandia, Dec., 1890, 3 20,51',Honolulu to Samoa, 227!J, Ma.iposa, Jan., 1886, 6, 7, 45.
Aucklllld, 3810. ZeaI.1Ildia, April 1882, ll, 23, O.Victoria, 2342~ \Varrimuo, July, 1896, 6, 22, 19'
" 2342, Miowera Aug., 1896, 7, 7, O.VicLoria to Honolulu, 2:l60, Miowera, Sept. 1896. 7, 4, O.
2360, \Varrimuu , .Ian., 1896, 7, I, 9*Vancouver to Sydney, 6!)!)!) , \Varritnou. Nov., 18V5, 20, 15, 17'
6VV!), i\liowcra, Sept., 1896, 21, V, O.Sydney to Honolulu,
6970:Miowcr" , Aug., 1896, 14, 0, 30.
" \'ancuun.:r, \Varrill1oo, April, 18:l6, 21, 4,23*
1:t;:-;t "~l:on..1 trip::!. Including 1:3 !luur:o. ~luppagc ul HUllolulu.----
CLIPPER PASSAGES TO AND FROM THE COAST.
185\J-..\1I1. "hip Black Hawk, \1 days alld \J hours from San Francisco.1861-1\111. ship Fair \"'ind, 8 day, and 17Yz hours from San Francisco.1861-Am. ship Norwester, \J days and Hi Ilours from San Francisco.186l-Am. bark ComeL, \J days and 20 hours from San Francisco.1862-.'\m. ship Storm King, \J days and 10 hours from San Francisco.1879-Am. bktne. Catherine Sudden, fJ days. and 17 hours to Cape Flattery.1879-.'\,m. schooner Claus Spreckels, VYz days from S. Francisco to Kahului.1880-Am. schooner Jessie Nickerson, to days from Honolulu to Ilumboldt.1881-Anqbrgtne. Wm. G.lrwin, 8daysand 17 hours from S. F. to Kahului.1884-Am. schooner Emma Claudina, 9 days and 20 hours fm Hilo to S. F.1884-Am. schooner Rosario, 10 days from Kahului to San Francisco.1884-Am. brgtne. Consuelo, 10 days from Honolulu to :jan Francisco.J886-Am. bark Hesper, VYz days frOln Honolulu to Cape Flattery.1888-Am. brgtne. Consuelo, 9 days 20 hours from S. Francisco to Honolulu.1893-Am. bktne. Irmgard, !l days 16 hours from San Francisco.J8\);I-A,II. bkllle. S. l;. \\'il,kr, !I day, l~ hour, frUII' ~all Francisc0.
\I[).p Clt-=IC COLLEGE.
BY 111-1 I.l)O \\1. TO!)D. Ii' Til. nut/ouA
~ HASI G eclipses is, upon the whole, a velY de 'Irable~ profes ion, e pecially when it involve' '0 mallY charm·J-;S ing things, by th way, a th Amherst Eclipse )·:)o.petli-
tion to Yezo. Having the good fortune to he conductedthllhel in the yacht Corol/el, plea 'antne s uf man)' srI' wa aforegon conclu:>ion. Two weeks of ideal sailing from SailFrancisco brought the yacht to anchor in the beautiful harbor urHonolulu, where the time alllllled fur remaining wa all tUll
short. Mauna Loa, the great volcano on the Island of Hawaii.two hundred amI fifty miles from Honolulu, had b en for uv Itwo weeks in magnificent eruption-the first time in man year,,:and it was decided to vi it its enorll1 u pillars and fountain:
of fire.In a yct unpublished poem UpUIl the volcanu. generically
conSIder d. Emily LJickinson 'a',,:
Tht I eticent ukanu kttl:>Hi· nevel :-Iulllbering plan.
'onfided are hi projects pink
To no plecarious man:dmoni 'hed hy hi:> buckled Itps
Let every habbler be:
The only crd people keel'Is imm rtality.
The "project pink" of Mauna Lua wert not, indeed, cunfidedto any llprecariou man," for before we could reach it ba 'e, the
giant mountain was dumb, its fire withdrawn, after theil hriefglory, into the heart of earth. Kilauea, however, always remall1:-.and thither we Jiepaired for consolatIOn.
!{eturning on the little inter· island bteallleJ 11'. 0. HIIII, lI'e
were to hear the last word and give what attention and comfolt\Vel' pOSSible to 1\1 iss Kate Field dur inl; the onal d )' of her lift:.
52 HAWAllAN ANNUAL-
A I cdmanent school-house was openec1 un the 11th of July,1842-a building of one story, the ground plan like the letter E,inclosing two square courts, with the school-room in the center,This building, also of adoln:, its timbers and rafters of woudfrom lovely Manoa V:,tlley, the roof of thatch from Round Top,and the plaster and whitewash from the ~oral limestone andsand of t;,e Kewalo reefs, was purely a native product; but theanimating spirit was of foreign importation.
In 11:i54 the school became a college, not with rank con·esponding to Yale or Amhelst or vVilliams, but carrying the student.about to the junior year of those institutions, and equipping himwith peculiar ntness for the more liberal development which theycould offer. In 1863 nearly one hundred and thirty acres of theland of Punahou with the buildings and improvements, weredeeded to the trustees of Oahu College. One ·of its most constant and generous patrons is the Han. Charles R. Bishop,whose devotion to the interests of the institution has been aconspicuous factor in its history and success.
By 1 6'1, when President Mills resigned, the College had beenplaced upon a self-supporting basis, though the genuine andhappy turning-point in its fortunes occurred in I '81 at thecelebration of its fortieth anniversary, when a large fund wasraised by alumni and friends. In 181:12 another large sum wasadded to the building fund, and the following" year the mainbuilding was erected, in IS8~ the Bishop Hall of Science, andin 1 ' fi the new President's house. Smaller improvements, inthe way of verandas. swimming--tanks, and other additions, weremade from time to time; and by 18'D the endowment fundreceived ~5(),OOO, of which about two-thirds were given by Mr.Bishop.
Shortly after i\,fr. Frank A. Hosmer, uf the class of 1 '75 atAmherst College, became Plesident, the seml·centennial was appropriately celebrated, in 11:l!JI. The urator 01 the occasion wasthe late and well beloved General Armstrong, who in a brilliantand characteristic speech gave many incident· of the old dayswhen he was a "Punahou boy;' while professor Alexander, thedistinguished historian of the islands, and for seven years President of the College; told its story in his own delightful manner.
Sinct: then Oahu College and its preparatory school haVe gonequit:tly forward, becomin~ mure ofa power with every year. In1893 President Hosmer sugl;ested, in view uf the incn:asinl; net:c1s
uf the institution, that a !lew academic hall be built, and plansand drawinl;s were submitted by variuus architect~, every design,
however, carrying out the idea uf a solid stone pier rising frumtht: foundation to form a lOwer for a telescope. thus giving- allpossible stability to an ·Ievated obst:rvatory. A c"mpromise he·tween two of the plan~ was made, a:1(1 the result is a very dfective and handsome building. cnsting a little less than ~ 1l:.J,UUO
another superb munument tu :\11'. Bisbop's liberality.
P.\LJAHI HAI.I.
An island of volcanic rock, varied by' a ft:w cun" reefs aroundthe t:dges, is not the most prolific spot for good building mate·rials, must of the stone bt:ing porous and not impervious tu water,while tht: beautiful koa w<lod is so hard that it is impracticableon account of tht: expense of working it. :\s a Illaltt:r of fact,
timber for all frame houses is brought from California anc!vVashington and Oregon, which makes a cumparatively simplehou e of much greatt:r cost than in ,·\meril~. :'orany specimens
!I·I If II IVA II A tv Ii N tv iJIi L
of nativt: stont: wt:rt: submittt:d for use in tht: new Pauahi Hall,and the building committee tinally acctpted a compact gray stuntfound at tht entrance of Manoa Valley, not only vtry handsomein itsdf, but giving" evidence of tntire pOWtr to withstand water.
Tht grounds. with their ma s of tropical foliag-t, lht fine alg-e.
mba lrets, and avenues of palms. wert in gala drtss for thdedication ceremonies, and the furmal transference of Pauahi to
the College Faculty. Tht address of the evening- was given bythe distinguished I'rtsident of tilt Republic, the Hon. SanfordH. Dole, who was g-reeted with prolonged and enthusiastic ap·plause. Hisdtlightful speech was full aftht best spirit ofmodtrn1(awaii, rtaching always far the highest, yt:t permtated through.out hy the poetry btqutathtd from tht oldtr days. His courttOUStaU and personal popularity Setl1l to havt laid for a timt thtuneasy and opposing political demenb <It \l'llrk on tht: island~.
and all factions unite in loyall\' to his g!aci"us administration ..\ftc! the "ddrt:ss. th key~ of the new buildll1g' \l'ert: ddivertd.
\l'ith an inleresllllg' spetch. by the Hon. \\'. IC C"SIIt to I'rtsldent Hosmer. who respondtd with fcding trihute to tho~e de\'ottdmen In the IMst who llIade possiblt the devel .. pment of to·day, a
growt h pi .. b" hi Y 1'<11' beyond wh" t t hty \l'ould Ita Ve d Hred to d rea mill the simpl heginnings of tht::ir timt::. t\ fint organ, pI' senttd
hy ~Irs. ~. :-:. Ca~tlt: as" mtmorial to her hushand, was plHytdduring the ,·vening. and there wert sd~cti()ns hy the 'ollege(;I<:e Club .,nd ... n or-:he.tra lately inaug-ur"ted by the tudents.
The wllnl!<:rful Hawaiian climate, never too hot and never too
cold, .lppearc:d that evening at its be t, and will alway add ibindefinahle hut no Ic::ss haunting" charm to the mtmories of Oahu.
A. the C"rollc:l, lour days later, . ailed lightly out of the hal'·bar and throug"h tht reds, with paning' salutes rtsounding, andfair Di"I!lllllll Head growing" blue and mist)' with increasing dis·tance, what could we say in farewell more appropriate than the
heautiful native word, which means so much f ~reetinl'{, friendlin .ss, tendt::rness, and good.by, A/ohn I
NATIVE PLANTS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.
From a Paper read hcfore Iht: Hotanical Journal Club hf th~ University of Michi~an byProf. A. B. LYons.
~~ HE native flora of the Hawaiian I lands is of unique
l\t) interest owing to the remoteness of that group from. ~ / any body of land from which its plants could have
, been derived. 'vVe have here, certainly, if any where inthe world, a truly virgin flora. The American coast is more than2000 miles distant. The nearest land that could serve as astepping stone to facilitate the transmission of plants-theMarquesas Islands-is almost as far away. Untortunately forscience voyages had been made centuries ago between Hawaiiand the islands of the South Pacific, and so a certain number,perhaps not inconsiderable, of plant species had been introducedby human agency. After all, the plants thus introduced, purposely or accidentally, cannot constitute any large proportion ofthe flora, and the problem of discriminating the imported speciesis just such an exercise in pructical logic as delights the soulof the scientific men.
The indigenous plants of the Hawaiian Islands group themsdves into about six more or less sharply defined tIoras, whichwe may pro'fitable consider in succession. First of all are thelittoral plants, those which cling to the neighborhood of the saltsea. Few if any of these are peculiar to the Hawaiian Islands.I remember meeting, not without a thrill of glad surprise, someof these same plants on beaches in Florida. Plants of thisgroup, which have very commonly fleshy stems and leaves, areoften uprooted by the encroaching waveii and, retaining theirvitality for days or weeks in the sea water, are replanted at adistance from their ori!{inal home.' For such plants, too, thelow coral islets that abound in the Pacific 'serve as steppingstones in their migrations. On the sea shore climatic variations,diurnal and seasonal, are at a minimum, hence we look for fixity
66 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
of type in the plants ot this group. Among the Hawaiianplants we shall find not more than one or two species of onegenus, although we may find occasionally inland five or tenpecies of the same genu. but these will be closely rt::lated to
one another and probably pe~uliar to the Hawaiian Islands. Astriking example of this is in the genus Scaevola- (lIIpakn ofthe natives. r think we may assume that the littoral specie I
which is widt::ly distributed on the shores of the Pacific, becameestablished here in its usual habitat, but that it extended its rangeinland, and in adapting itself to new iln,d various nvironmentthere have evolved no less than seven new species.
Perhaps the most interesting plant belonging to the littoralgroup is the pretty Kipllkai, found generally on lava or coralrocks rather than on the sand, but always clo e to the ea asthe Hawaiian name implies. It is a Ht::Iiotrope, not recognizedas such at a glance-prostrate wiry stems bearing at their upturned ends close rosettes of silky canescent leaves, remindingone of some of the rock loving saxifrages. The flowers are insmall compact clusters, pure white and fragrant.
From the sun scorched lava of a lee shore it make' muteappeal to your heal t just as that dearest of 1 ew England wildflower, the trailing arbutus doe, from Its bed in boreal snow.
Another plant, which m.lkes qt;ite gay the sandy or rockywastes near the sea, known sometimes from the fragrance of ityellow blossoms, as the l\lahukona violet-to the bot.. nist, Tribuillm Cistoidtis-gives to barefooted explorers a less agreeableand certainly more pointed surprise. The urchin who treads onan algaroba twig with its twin spines springs into the air witha violent ejaculation. The one who plants his bare foot on oneof these wltrops, sits down instantly and howls. r speak frompersonal experience.
A second flordl region is that of the low land, extending fromthe shore to tht: vergt: of the fore t art:a. The plant of this beltare rapidly disappt:aring, crowded out by foreign in olders. Youwill see little of them anywhere along the highways, >It least inthe vicinity of Honolulu. You must look in the least promisingplaces for them, on the nearly bare tufa cone, Diamond Head, oron lava ledges or old lava flows which have not yet covered themselves with a soil.
NATIVE PLANTS OF HAWAII. 57
Among the plants of this zone you will find the majority withsomewhat conspicuous flowers. Examples are the Convolvulacere which drape the lava heaps making them gay with theirpink and pale blue blossoms. One of the most remarkable is theshrubby caper (Capparis Sandwichiana) whose large white flowers,with numerous exserted stamens you seize upon as a prize forits fragrance as well as its beauty, but find, when it begins to wiltthat you were quite mistaken about the frag-rance.
Several species of Hibiscus with large red or white flowersKokio, (belonging perhaps rather to the margin of the woodedbelt) the hau tree, which Linne called a Hibiscus, with flowerswhich today are yellow, ·tomorrow become mauve; the alliedMilo, a tree which in Japan and Tahiti is held sacred; a speciesof cotton with yellow and another with red flowers, will be foundhere as well as the little shrub called by the natives ilima, whoseyellow flowers are wrought into leis or garlands by the natives,a plant which might justly be called the national flower. Allthese, it will be observed belong to one natural order, theMalvaceae, which has scarcely any representative elsewhere onthe islands. It seems to me probable that nearly all of thesemalvaceous plants were introduced by the aboriginal settlers,who valued them for their ornamental flowers.
Another plant belonging to this belt, and one again which maywell have been introduced by man, is the wiliwlli or coral tree(Erythrina,) a large thorny tree remarkable for the extreme lightness of its wood; and for its habit, unique I believe among thenative trees, of shedding its leaves completely during the dryseason, rproof that the tree has not even yet become thoroughlyacclimatedJ-conspicuous at the blossoming time with its deepred or orange clusters.
Among smaller plants may be mentioned here the thistlepoppy, Argemone Mexicana, which you know in Michigan as asmall annual with yellow flowers, rare in this latitude but com·mon in the South Central States. In the islands it is perennial,has quite a woody stem, three to six feet hig-h, with foliage verywhite and large showy white flowers. It is the one reallycommon native wild flower, but obviously Hawaiian only byadoption.
llAWAllAN ANNUAL.
We remark in g-eneral of this second belt that its plants arenot characteristically I [awaiian. ,early all the gent:ra arefamiliar to the stranger, and comparativt:l)' few of the speciesare pt:culiar to the i::.ldnds. As in tht: case f the lilloral plants,there are seldom more than t\\O speci s of a g-enus, conditionsfavoring dillerentiation of species being' bst:nt.
The plants strike us as mort: robust than their congeners awe have met with them elsewhere. Example are the peciesof Hibiscus growing into trees fifteen to twenly-rlve feet high,a cotton tree tt:n to filteen feet high. lhe coral trt:e. with a trunkeighteen to tWt:nt)'·four inches in diamt:ter. Thi peculiarit)' isstill more strikingly exemplified among- the plants of the forestbelt. Here we meet with violets with woody tems growin~
three, six, eight feet high, raspberries with canes nearly an inchthick and ten to fifteen feet high, arahads, allied to our g-inseng,forming trees twenty feet high: arboreous Composit<e, Solana·cere, I obeliacea: and Urticacere: a climbing dock a piring to aheight of twenty and even fort)' feet, a chenopodium growinginto a respectahle shade tree, a Plantago with woody stem sixfeet high, finally a whortleberry (ohelo) which although epiphyticin habit, forms trunks one and one· half to two inche in diameterof close grained wood, growing ten or even fifteen feet high.
The third floral region may be designated the lower forestzone. [t is the region which receives rain t:nough to maintaincontinuous growth, but is below tht: line of frequent cloud ormist. The prevailing trees are the candlt:: nut (kllklli) whosepale green foliag-e designatt:s at once to the obServer miles awaythe limits of this zone, and the mountain apple (ohin) whosedark·red succulent fruit is refreshing to tht: thir. ty traveller,although of httle value as food.
Everywhere there is an undt:rgrowth c()nsi~ling in damp placesof wild ginger, in drier spots chiefly of such ferns as the pnln.
palni. Foreign plants, like the lantana, oi (a shrubby vervain)and guava, have invaded this region and art: crowding out thefeebler native plants. The guava, in some of the valleys growsinto a tree thirt), or forty feet high. In the open country itforms a chapparal five to ten feet high.
\Vithout enumerating the plants which strictly belong to thisbelt, I may say in general that we eem to be dealing still with
F/lOln. byH. IV. Henslta'lu.
Pulu Fern-Cibotium Chamissoi. En.trr. hyC. B. Andrron.
a flora not distinctively Hawaiian. There is reason to believethat the most characteristic and prevalent plants of this re~ion,
like m'\ny of those of the low lands, were brought to tht: islandsby the aborig-inal settlers.
It is in the higher forests, the region of almost perpetual mistand clouds, that we find the really charact~ristic Hawaii>ln flora.Here we come to the trt:e ferns, Cibotium (PI/lll) and Sadleria,
6U HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
1111/11/111/(111), the furmtr with stems five tu twt:l\'e inches indiamt:ttr and six to twdve or fiftetn feet high, tht: plumy frondsmeasuring from base to top ttn or twt:lvt: fet:!. Ht:rt: belongnt:arly ,til tht ptculiarly Hawaiian specits of ferns, and thosertmarkable gel1t:ra of the Rubiace.c, Rutace' , Araliacea::, Labia·t<e and Lobeliact:a: which includt: ont-third of tht Aowt:ringplants bt:longing xclusively to the Hawaiian Aor<l. Htre welind the trouble 0111t: ie, not wholly ab ent from the lower fort:sts.1\ climbing' pandanu', with stems like ropes all of uniformthickness (about one inch), bindin~ togctht::r the trees with ant:lwork made quitt impenttrable by the nllmtrous wiry aerialroots which it sends down alvng the whole ItnKth of the slt:m.to tix themselves, if not in the oil, in the bark of the tree trunks.It is quitt: impo -ible to go through uch a growth. Occasional I}you can crt:ep under it close to the grouner; more ofttn yOllmu t clamber over the jungle as best you may.
nother serious impediment to travel we find in the inttrlaced,dichotomously forked fronds of the Gleichenia fern' (uflllti is thlexpressi\'e vernacular namc)-the brown polished stems nolarger than a It:nder pencil, but 0 strong that boys use them fOIthe frames of their kites. The growth, which may cover a ridgefor miles, is gt:nerally three or four, sometimes six or even feehigh. You can make your way only by crushing it down, throwII1g yourself bodily upon it-very sl wand fatiguing work,e 'pecially if you are in face of a steep ascent.
There Me important timber trees belonging- partly to this andpartly to the lower forest belt-two especially abundant andnoteworthy. The first is the k011 of the natives, an Acacia,whose ordinary foliage consists not of the mimo a like compouneleaves, which are seen only on tendt:r shoots of vigorous growth:but of the thick, firm, crescent shaped, parallel nerved phyllorles:its wood, valued for cabinet work, rtsembling mahogany. Thesecond is the felli/a, a myrtaceous tret: with heavy hard wood,good only for fuel-a noble tret:, thirty to fifty feet high, distinguished by its showy tassel like clustt:rs of crim. on, or mort:rartly orange or yellow tlower', subject of frequent admiringmention in the native poetry.
The prevailing color of the foliage of this belt is a very darkgreen, glvlllg to the forest clad mountain ridge' a omewha
ATIVE PLANTS OF HAWAII. 61
somber aspect. One is struck with the predorninanc here ofjJlants with thick, often coriaceous leaves, quite smooth andshining', not very large, and often with revolute margll1s. Thisapplies to those that grow in exposed situations un the ridges.Helow, in the valleys the leaves are thinner, more pubescentand larger. The flowers of nearly all the plants are small, thepetals white or greenish or wanting, often thick like the leaves.Almost the only conspicuous blossoms are those of the lehl/IIalready referred to, of the Labiate plants, a few Leguminosaeand the numerous Lobeliads. Hut however gay colored may bethe flowers, they are without exception destitute of fragrance.
One is impressed with the absence of winged insects. Birdseven are few, except in the island of Hawaii, although it isinteresting to note that some of the birds feed on the nectar ofHowers. Almost the only animate things are the characteristically Hawaiian tree snails, whose bright colors make up to someextent for the absence of flower. Self fertilization, it is obvious,must be the rule. The possible aid of windo is interfered withby the prevailing mists and rains.
The foliage of many of the plants is somewhat balsamic oraromatic, but not generally strongly so. The olapa, allied tothe English ivy, has an agreeable balsamic fragrance, and produces a resinou exudate which the natives used to perfumetheir Ilapa or bark cloth. Mokehana (Pelea anisata) contains avol.ltile oil identical probably With tint of anise, tog-ether withthe fragrant principle coumarin found in Tonqua beans, sWt::etclover, etc. The maile, a vine with shining myrtle like leaves,abounds in coumarin, and is wrought into leis that preservetheir fragrance many months.
The tree trunks in this region of perpetual mist are coveredwith a luxuriant growth of mosses, liver worts, small ferns andLycopods, but especially of filmy ferns. Only the more robustferns here grow in the soil. The small ones can survive onlyby climbing. A few become veritable climbers, some species ofTrichomanes and Hymenophyllum, Odontoloma, and a numbelof Polypodiums. A larger number, including many of thenumerous Aspleniums, the Acrostichums, several small Polypo·diums, the grass-like Vittaria, the birds' nest fern (Neottopteris)and the great adder tongue fern, habitually ~erch on the tree
62 HAW,UIAN ANNUAL.
trunks and III the f,)rk of th~ hra"ches. Birds' nest ferns g-ro\ften in the can'll~ nut trees, twenty, thirty, ev~n fifty feet above
the g'rnuIHI, their fronds sometimes six feet lon~ and eig'ht, tenor even twelve inches wide, and you very often see this ferna sociated with viltaria, the cumbination pleasing at least to theart Istic seose.
mall seeds have no chance if they fallon the culd, water·soaked soil. It is only when they lod~e in the moss coveringthe tree trunk that they find favorable conditions fllr g'trmlnation,and so an epiphytic habit is determined for many of them.
On Hawaii and East ~Iaui where the forests occupy broadunbroken slopes, we find the species comparatively few andwell characterized. On Odhu and Kauai where the ridges areseparated by deep ravines whose flora is distinct from that ofthe ridges, we finc! related species multiplied, many of themshowing local variations which renders the delimitation ofspecies by the b tanist difficult. S me of the genera numbera score 01 species which frequently shade into one anotherthrou~h varietir s.
It is noticeable that scarcely any of the plants of this reg-ion aregregarious. Among the ferns it is the Gleichenias (/III/hi) andsome of the lar~er species. the tree ferns especially, which furmextensive colonies, and, on the other hand, the mlllute specieof which a thous<lnd individu.ds ml~ht find rnllm un a sin~le treetrunk. Extensive thickets (If any of the higher plants are quiteexceptional, and many species may be said never to occur exceptas !;olttary individuals.
The fluwering plants are nearly all shrubs or smdll trees, veryfew of them attaining a height of mllre than fifty feet unl ... ss itis on the wooded slopes of the mountains uf H<lwdli and EastMaui. The very tallest tree, with the exception of the cocoanutpalm, will not often exceed eighty fct:t.
The deep ravines naturally shelter some shade and moisturelovin~ plants to be found no where else. A remarkable ex"mple'is that ot th~ solitary Begonia (Hillebrandia) of the HdwaiianI lands, one of the early comers if we may judge by the fact thatit has no known congeners, a pretty species, but only to be suc·cessfully cultivated in a moisture laden atmosphere. Anotherexample is found among- the ferns in a species (Schizostege)
NATIVE PLANTS OF HAWAII. 6~
which seems to have retreated to the 'most remote recesses ofthe ravines and to have come near extinction, et survival perhaps,from an early fern flora whose origin can only be surmised, sinceit has nowhere any known kindred.
I can take time to particularize only a few of the plant groupsmost unique and characteristic. The native Labiatre belongingto perhaps three closely related genera form a most interestinggroup. They are plants of quite robust growth, half shrubby,with stems of a climbing habit, the foliage coarse and not at allaromatic or mint like; distinguished from ordinary Labialreespecially by_the fleshy character of the fruitlets. The clustersof the (black) mature fruit of some of the species remind onestrongly of those of our American pokeberry or garget.
Most characteristic of all the Hawaiian flora are the Lobeliads,of which there are enumerated fifty eight speci~s, nearly one·tenth of all the flowering plants originally indiger.ous in theHawaiian /{roup. The family is exceeded in number of speciesonly by the Composilre. which hetS however only sixty-one species that do nllt llecur elsewhere. LPerhaps the fact will be morefully understood it I say that the distinctively Hawaiian floracomprises 6 %of known Lobeliads, 0.6 %of known Compositre_J
A few of the species are referred to the genus Lobelia, but theplants are shrubby, three to six feet high, with flowers in somespe<.:ies three in<.:hts in length, very different surely from theL be1ias of the' United States. In one species, well namedyucc<lides, racemes two til three feet long bear from two hundredto fllu I' h II nd red H"wers.
The remaining species belo~g to about four genera foundnowhere but in the Ilaw,liian islands. They are shrubby; manywith undivided succulent st~ms and ample leaves, often morethan a ("ot long. gen':rally simple, but sometimes pinuate1ydividt<l, most commonly clustered at the end of the stem. Someof the sp~eies hr.ln:h freely and form veritable trees, reachingeve::n twenty-five:: fed in height. The Rowe::rs may be solitary,mllre cnmmonly in cyme::s or racemes, ge::nerally large, the corallas one tIl two and one-h.df inches long, either white, purpleblue, dark purple:: or greenish, and so fleshy that it is not easyto make good herharium specimens. The plants have a milkyjuice but little or no acridity and are not known to be poisonous.
HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
Indeed one pecies produce a fleshy fruit an inch or more inJiamtter which i eaten although rather in ipid. Poi onouspropertie , it may be remarked, belong to few native Hawaiianplant
A di tinct floral di trict i the hi~her region of the mountainv,above the cloud belt, where there is more or less frost. There. re found here a comparatively m, II number of pecies, hieflyhrub , a few tree of con 'iderable ize forll1in~ open forest.
The most interesting among these are the arboreous Composit'C,tree whose nerved leave, tufted at the ends of the twig, sug~e ·t anything rather than a relation hip with the un fl weI' orChrysanthemum.
Stillmore unique in aspect i the ilver sword, also a composite,helonging only to the mountain ummits, in the region of wintel-mows. A stout woody stem several inches in diameter and:everal feet high is crowned by a dense head of slencler, rigid,dagger like leaves eight to twelve inches long, clothed with adc::nse, white, glistening tomentum. The plant is to tl)e mOlln.taills of Hawaii what the edelweis is to the Alps, and is equallyprized as a memento of a trip that has co t exertion andpossible peril.
Another characteri tic plant of the higher c::Ie\'ations a. ilvery Ic::aved shrubby Geraniull1.
\ hilt the flowerin~ plants of thi region are of spe ies pecl:.liar to the Hawaiian i lands, it is interesting to note that the fernare of species widely di tributtd such a. spltllium Trichomane ,Aspidium aculeatllm, etc. It is in little facts like thi that theevolutiC'nist find constantly a~ditional evidence of the truth ofhis theory.
It rtmains to mention a floral area perhaps the most unique ofall, which belong'S to a few mountain summits that are almo tptrpetually buried in cloud. \OVt find here and here only truebog', nearly dtstitute of shubby plants of any size, clothedwith a mat of grasses, sedges and sphagnum moss (nN elsewhere found in the islands) with a number of interesting plantof small size whost nearest relatives are native of the mountainsof New Zealand, the Southern Andes and other Antarctic regions.Their situation suggest that they are urvivors of an ancientflora that has been crowded out by the arrival of new plant .
NAT1VE PLANTS OF HA WAll. 6[l
am more inclined however to believe that they have occupiedtheir present habitat ever since happy accidentJo~ndfor the strayseed long- ago a fitting place to germinate. Perhaps the mostinteresting, certainly the most attractive of these bog plants is aviolet.
vVhat now is to be said of the origin of the Hawaiian flora?When the islands were discovered by Capt. Cooke, their flora offlowering plants and lycopods consisted of about eight hundredand eiO"hty species, of which fully three fourths were strictly endemic, i. e. found nowhere else.
A certain number of plants had without douht been brought tothe islands by the aborig-inal settlers. Food plants, like the sweetpotato, taro, bread fruit, yam, banana and ohia, they would cer·tainly have carried with them in their migration, and it is almostas certain that they would have made sure of ma1erial from whichto make kapa and mats and the not less essential 1tl1leke poi andhuewai. I believe that the maoli wahines, with their passion fOIper onal adornment, would not have forgotten the flower seeds,and it was their forethought that enabled them in their adoptedhome to have the Itis of ilima and kou they had been accustomedto wear in Samoa and Tahiti. I am inclined to think that theyincluded seeds of such plants as the wiliwili and nukuiwi, thtmilo and lehua, possibly the morning glory and moon flower,for all of these except the lehua seem to be late comers if Wtmay judge by the absence of endemic congeners. In all, thenumber of species deliberately imported by them may have beenforty or more, and they could not have failed to carry accidentally seeds of several, perhaps a dozen, others. Making the mostliberal allowance, however, for human agency, there wouldremain about one hundred and seventy species, one hundred ofthem flowering plants, natives of other countries which hadsomehow become naturalized in the islands. The followingsynopsis shows the geographical distribution of these obviouslyimported species. I have followed the most conservative esti·mate of the number of plants introduced by the aboriginalsettlers. If thIS number is to be increased, it will be almostwholly at the expense of the class of "widely diffused species,"so that the significance of the figures will not be materiallyaltered.
66 HAWAl/AN ANNUAL
SYNOPSIS OF PRESENT HAWAIIAN FLORA
EXOGKN5. ENl>O<;KNS. C~~~.~~~,. TOTAL.
'pecies "xclusively Hawaiian ........ 1>1, 35 4 666Species widely diffused (moslly lropical) :l.i 24 ~6 75Species also found in \'olynesia ...... 2:; .. 12 41Species also in America. . .. .. .. . .... 18 7 8 :111Species also in Asia and Polynesia.... 10 9 II :n
pecies also in Asia. nol in Polynesia 5 0 :HSpecies also in .-\ uSlralia............. :l 1 1 4Specie< also in Africa or \Iadagascar.. I 0 I 2Species inlroduced by Aborigines..... !J 8 II 17Species recenlly naluralized . ... . . . . . 91 25 2 118
---- ------- ------TOlal .......................... 73:3 II:! 15:i !)!J!J
From the tablt it appears that immigrant sptcies In pre·historic tllne came chiefly from tht South Seas. Some of the"widt:ly diffused", species are quite cosmopolitan, the greatmiljority found in most tropical countries of both hemisphtrc::s;all of them, I bt:lieve, occur in the Polynesian Islands. A fewplilnts only stem to connect the Hrtwaiian flora dirtctly withthat ur Au ·tralia, Asia and even of Arrica, without known inter.vention or the islands or the Pacific; a ruller knowltd~e or thefl ras or those islands would probably eliminate even theseexceptions, although It may be that some or the species havebecome whlllly extinct in the intervening isl,"1ds where theyhave formerly flourished.
The contribution or Americil is a notilble one-no les thantwenty· five fl'Jwering plants-or which the great m.tjority bt:longto tropical America, but only two distinctivt:ly to SlIuth America.The north circumpolar region, to which belong the plants or
orthern Asia, Europe and lJrth America, is represtnted by aingle species, the interesting' sun dew (Drosera longifolia) of
the Eeka bog on Maui.'vVe cannot be so sure whence came the prog.tnitors of the
endemic species. early forty per Cent. or them bt:long toendemic genera, the large number of specits in a genus indicat·ing a strong tendency to variation among these plants, andsuggesting the probabilit)· that they have been a very Ion/{ timein the islands. (We bear in mind of course that their habitatfavors rapid differentiation of varieties ir not of sptcies.) It istherefore not always easy to decide what foreign plants aretheir next or kin.
NATIVE PLANTS 'OF HAWAll. tl7
'There remain however about four hundred endemic specieswhich belong to genera, one hundred and forty-two in number,found elsewhare. Of thest: genera, the majority have representatives in the Pacific islands and a distribution which extendsmost often to Australia and the East Indies, or else to Africa, orSouth America, or to all of these regions. A much smallernumber are distinctively American, especially belonging to tropical America; some like the violets and crow-foots, have theirhome mostly in the north temperate ;wne, and would seem tohave reached the islands most probably from North America. *
There are a few tha! belong to South Amt:rica but the numberis too small to have the significance that seems to have been putupon the circumstance. In several instances plants closelyrelated to the Hawaiian are found else where in the GalapagosIslands or in Juan Fernandes; to me this seems rather to indicatethat the type, spreading from an Antarctic center, has survivedonly in a few isolated localities; it would be nothing strange ifthese localities were far remote one frum another. The case isanalogous to that of Alpine speci s tound on high mountainswidely separated one from the other. survivals from a Aora onceprevailing over the whole area. A similar relatIOn seems toexist between some of the most remarkable e::ndemic plants ofHawaii and Indian species; it is another instance of missing links.
The evidence seems to me, then, clear that the:: Aora, ancientas well as more modern, has been derived chieAy from the islandsof the Pacific-from a Southern Pacific continent, if you will-
Distribution of plants most nearly rdated (congeners) to endemic Hawaiian species.
Of the genera of Aowering plants represented in the Hawaiian Islands byendemic species, thirty. five are found in rna t tropical countries the world over,five in most tropical countries but not in other Pacific islands, ten in temperateclimates every where. eight in temperate and cold climates mostly of thenorthern hemisphere. three in temperate and cold climates mostly of the south·ern hemisphere; thirty-seven [besides most of the thirty.five of the first list]occur in islands of the South Pacific. including New Zealand. (of these thirteenoccur also in S. E. Asia, five also in Australia and four also in S. America);twenty-nine occur in America (only six of these distinctively in S. America).twenty.three in South or East Asia (very few of them in Japan). twenty·twoin Africa. almost a dozen in Malaysia. four ill !\Iadagascar. three in JuanFernandes. two in the Galapagos. one in Tierra del Fuego, two in Europe.two in Atlantic islands and one in Egypt.
It is especially interesting to note the large proportion represented in Africa.It is to be observed however that none of these genera are characteristicallyAfrican, while many are distinctively American or Australian.
6 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
to a less extent from the neii-:hhnrin~ . orth American coast;carcely anythin~ seem~ to ha"e: come Ir"m the west.
It i by seeds or spore., of course, that plants are commonlycarried across the ocean. Exceptionally tuberous roots or fleshystems may survive immersion in salt water durin~ the timerequired for transportation hy ocean currents. l11or,g theindlgenou Hawaiian plants I call to mind very few that couldby any possibility have made the necessary long- voyage thus.
On the other hand, there are very few whose seeds mi~ht nothave been easily carried by some natural means. In most of theplants, the seeds themselves are small, in many even of theflowerin~ plants, quite minute. otable exceptions are, first,plants like the cocoanut, pandanus, kukui, kou, whose woodyfruits might serve as floats to transport the seeds, although ithappens that all of this class are plants almost certain to havebeen imported by the native settler; second, plants of the beanand the bindweed famllies, whose seeds have tough integumentand are light enough to float in sea water; third, a few plants,maile, pua, kalia, whose fru't is a rather large drupe, that wouldeem to be too den'e to be carried far by the sea. These may
well have been among the plants who e seeds were brought bythe early settlers.
In many of tht plants, the seeds, which have tough integument , are tnclostd in it woody capsule that might serve as afloat. In many othtrs the fruit is a berry or a mall fleshy drupe,fit food for birds. In other' again the steds or fruit are provided with hooh or awns or othtr means of attaching themselvesto a bird's feathers. In some the capsules are strongly glutinous.In a few the seeds have: wings of their own, by whose aid theymay occasionally tr<lve! surprisingly long dl tances, the sporesof ferns or lycopods may be taken by whirl.winds, or by volcanicexposions to such an attitude that the wind may carry themthou ands of mIles before: they find a re ting place.
Unquestionably it IS to the agency of birds that we are to at·tribute the intruduction of the great majority of plants. Thereare to-day species of birds that migrate habitually between theHawaiian Islands and the American coast. Huw uch a habitcould ever have: been estdbli hed in absence of intervening land,we cannot easily undtrstand; we are hardly justified in arguing
NATIVE PLANTS OF HAWAII. 69
from this alone that such land once existed. The fact, at al1events, proves th~ possibility that in anci~nt times migrationsfrom other countries may hav~ b~en tqually common. Duringthe ice age it seems probable that th~ mi~ration was betweenMexico or Central Am~f1ca and the Hawaiian Islands. Grantingthe fact of mi~ration. it must happen frequtntly that seeds, becoming fixed to the bird's feathers or adh~ring with a little clayto their feet w~re, nuw and th~n planted in a favorable situation togerminate. To what distance sttds of berries that the bird haseaten could be carried and afterwards germinate is an interestingquestion. One habit of sea birds, in this connection, ~s interesting. It is that of picking up rather indiscriminately floatingobj~cts and bringing tht:m to 1"lId f"r tiltir young. I saw onLaysan Island bits of charcoal, resin, pumice stone and hickorynuts that had been collected, I could not doubt, in this manner.
The flora of this island, which lies about ~ight hundred milesto leeward of Kauai, with some interv~nillg isl,lIlds, separated byintervals of one hundred or two hundred miles, consisted ofabout twenty species, all of them Hawaiian, and all evidentlybrought either by birds (especially curlew. plover and ducks) orelse by ocean curr~nts.
The part played by oc~an curr~nts in bringing plants to theHawaiian Islands must have betll a subordinate on~. Treetru nks' from the America n coast a It qui te often stranded on thebeaches of th~ islands, but any freight 01 seeds they may haveoriginally carried, has gen~rally been effectually dislodg~d by thewaves, or has lost its vita ity by long soaking in sea water.
There can be hardly on~ chance in ten thousand that a seedbrought across the water by ocean currents will be lodged whereit can germinate, unltss it belongs to a littoral species.
Of course accident might now and then direct some raft orsampan or junk ev~n to strand it on one of tht islands; indeedwe know of instances wh~re this has actually happened, butit would b~ seldom indterl that a new plant would b~ introducedin this manner.
The initial flora of the islands would seem to have been largelycrypto~amous. ThiS W~ may aq~ue not alone from the disproportionately large proportion of ferns now present and thelarge number of species not known to occur elsewhere, but from
70 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
the facility with which the dust like pores of these plants maybe transported long distances. We must remember, too, thatin the beginnin~ there wa no soil in which seeds of the hi~her
plants could be maue to germinate. It is the ferns, mainly forthis reason, that form, after lichens, the first noticeable vegetation on recent lava flows on Hawaii. It wa ferns that fir tappeared on the new island thrown up at the time of the greateruption of Krakatoa.
et we find among Hawaiian ferns only two genera not elsewhere represented, and one. at least, of these (sadleria) might beregarded as a section under a well known genus; and nearlyfifty per cent. of all the species are found also in other countries.Thi only illustrates the comparative stability of the lower form'of vegetable life, which have departed comparatively little fromthe types which eXisted eons ago in the Carboniferous era. Timewa , no doubt, In the history of the Hawaiian flora, when predom·inating fern tree furests reproduced in modern times the age ofcryptogams.
PROPORTION OF THE HAWAIIAN FLAO.
ACT 10 uf the Laws uf I '96, approved the th day of April,defines the proportions of the National Ensign, as follows:
The ational Ensign hall consisl of eight horizontal stripesalternately white, red, blue, etc., beginning at the top, having aJack cantoned in the dexter chief angle next to the point ofsuspension. The Jack shall consist of a blue field charged witha compound altirt:: of alternate tinctures white and red, thewhite having precedence; a narrow edge of white borders eachide of the Saltire. A red cross bordered with white is charged
over all.The proportion shall be as follows:The fly is twice the huist. The Jack IS half the hoist in
breadth and 7-16 the fly in length.The arms of the red cross with border shall be equal in width
to one of the horizontal stripes; the white border shall be onethird the width of the red cross.
The arms of the compound Saltirt:: are equal in width to thered cross, the tinctures white, red, and the border being in thepropurtiun of3,~, I, re·pective1y.
-""-.---'-" -'-..:-m~"""'.1""""'~~·-·~~J' .....
/ .
"
SUlllmit Crater of Mauna Loa.
7/
MOK AWEOWEO ACTIVITY.
~HILST Kilauea may be considered as one of the
best knuwn volcanoes of the world, the ascents toC Mokuaweoweo, the central crater of Mauna Loa,
( , are even now tl,·day a (ather ran: occurrence; andwhile the existence of one or more lakes of molten bubbling lava
the main feature of the usual condition of Kilauea, l\Iok,j.aweoweo mostly is quiet and it is only in lon!{ intervals thatlava appear!> therein.
Therefore, every report from the latter has some interest towardcompleting the history of Mauna Loa and contributing to ourknowledge of volcanic activity in general.
I would here mention, that I have visited Vesuvius aboutfifteen times: the top of Mount Etna in Sicily twice, and
watched the great eruption of thdt larg-est volcano of Europe in
the autumn of 1i:l9:!; that I lived during the latter part of I 03abuut three weeks at the Kilauea Volcano House, wherefrom I
72 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
ah;o went up t) the south·eastclll rim of the then inactive1\I0kuaweoweo, and that I th rc::fOle llIay be credited with someexperience in vokanic observations.
On the morning of April :! I st, I. !Hi, while ridll1g' from \\'ai·ohinu, Kall, tuwards )1onomalino, in Kuna, I noticed a hllge,while cumulus cloud, far above the fogs that frequently CO\' rthe slope of :\!auna Loa. The evening of the same day there wasa hi ight Ii re· reHection visible from H onomalino; and becausethat glare was exactly in the (Iirection of :\Iokuaweoweo, therecould be no doubt that I had the good fortune to be in the righttime in the right spot. Though the uSllal starting point for Moku·aweoweo be Kapapala ranch, or the Volcano House, and though
I was not even sure if :\Iauna Loa was accessible from any otherside-without great dil1iculty at least-I decided to try it and hadnot to repent the attempt. The western slope of Mauna
. Loa is its shortest; and the condition of the roads, or trails, on
the upper parts of the lava, turned out to be by no means worse
than on the south·eastern slope. Succeeding partie probablywould find it much ea ier, as we had to seek for our road from
the upper limit of the woods on; none of our party had evenbeen up to the summit from this Kana side, not even the guide,who only knew the trail through the fure t and how to get up toa certain hei"ht. Becausl;; of the easy slope of ;\Iauna Loa,that in no pout exceeds or even reaches i" of an angle, there is
no real difliculty of that kind met With on many mountains of asimilar height, most peaks of the European Alps for instance,tiut there is somo: trouble of a dillerent nature, viz., the greatdistances, the practically impenetrable (unless on trails) belt of
woods on the lowel, and the bad quality of lava in some spots ofthe upper parts and, above all, the almo"t absolute lack of waterfrom the upper limit of the woods on as far as the summit, onwhich 'now or ice may be obtainllble in nearly every 'eason,
Therefure good hor es or good walker' are required; a reliableguide is needed for finding' the trrlils through the forest and to
avoid as much as possible the aa on the upper parts; and alarge supply 01 water has to In: carried along. A camping outfitwith plenty of blankets are likewise almost indispensable. The
sudden change from the tropical climate to the intense cold is
• ,\a. A loose ariet)" of 1a a omewhJt r ~t:mblillg slag.
1Il0KUAlVEOWEQ IN ACTIVITY.
far worse than even amid lower temperature in the winters ofthe temperate zone. I am greatly obliged to Mr. John Gasparof Napoopoo, Kona, for having provided for all these things'most successfully. Our party was composed of IVlr. John Gaspar,Mr. Charley Ka as guide, a native boy, my European assistantand myself.
We left Mr. Gaspar's house on the upper (mauka) Kona roadon horseback in the early morning of April the 25th. The trailfor some miles leads into a thick and most wonderful forest, inwhich I saw the largest Koa trees and fern trees I met with onthe islands. The trail itself was in places rather bad, but notworse than many other. In a height of about 1400 meters, II.
short distance before rvl r. John Paris' dairy is reached, the forestbecomes less thick and by degl:ees is succeeded by the form ofvegetation characteristic to most of those districts 0/ Hawaiiwhere the formation of humus is not yet advanced sufficientlyfor supporting a richer vegetable life. Small shrub like metrosideros (Iehua), cyathodes (pua keawe), vaccinium (ohelo), are themost striking plants of that zone. We left our horses at a heightof about 2,300 meters, (7,500 feet) where they were able to getsome wet grass, from which point we walked exclusively; butnow after having explored the way Mr. Gaspar thiilks he coultitake parties up to the summit entirely on horseback.
That kind uf mist between fog and rain so well known tomany visitors of Kilauea prevented us from going farther thanabout 2,600 meters the first day. 'vVe pitched our tent; made upa large fire from dry lehua wood, and grelltly enjoyed the contentsof a number of tins of provisions. Towards sunset it cleared up,when a fine view of Hualalai and the g-reen gentle slope belowour place as far as the sea was afforded us.
Slowly the clouds dissolved also on the other side, except alarge cumulus of the well known shape of the Italtan pine; a largemass of vapor floating to an enormous height and connectedwith the mountain, or with the crater, only by a narrow trunk ofdim bluish smoke. The afternoon sun illuminated the cloud;its snowy white slowly turned yellowish, then, towardi'! sun·set crimson, and soon the volcanic glare became vi ible; firstthe narrow pillar, then the whole cloud formation becoming aglowfrom the incandescent matter beneath. A cool wind blew over
HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
the almost barren land and it scanty shrubs. We crept into ourtent after having- impres ed our memory with that wonderful andhighly characteristic sight of Mokuaweoweo's threateningvolcano cloud in the clt:ar moonlight.
The next morning we started early. Tent, photo outfit, waterand provisions were carried on a pack mule, the only animal wetook abuve the forest limit and to within a short distance of theummit. By degrees the vegetation dwindles away the higher
one ascends. At about :~OOU meters rare pioneers of ohdosand puakeawes onl), are scattered on the barren, black pahoehoe;from 3,500 meter' on, one is 111 the most absolute desert of lava;the only variety being pahuehoe and aa. The latter had to beavoided as much as possible because of our shoes and our un hodanimal. A considerable northerl)' detour was made for that reasonand thus we succeeded in walking almost exclusively on pahoehoe. \Ve could ftx the directiun of our traveling very well by thevolcano cloud, unless it wa - foggy, which sometimes happened;only unce had we to stop in order to wait for an opportunitytu correct uur cuurse; fortundtely the fog' lifted, and the vulcanocluud became di~tinguishableag'ain. "Kela mea nui ka Pele,"s,lid the guide, and we proceeded. In consel1uence of the flat·ne~s uf the top uf :\I<lun,l Loa you never see the summit, until)'ou arc right there. Invariahly the upper horizon is limited by alava rim, that looks exactly as if it must be the edge of the crata;aftt:r yOll re<lch that rim, dnother hill becomes visible, and wht:nyou reach it there IS another still. :\Iore than ten times one oranother was convinced it was the rim of i\lokuaweoweo; but myaneroid contradicted them and was right. Unfortunately thenative boy and my attendant were not far from being quite usedup. \Ve had to stop frequently and 0 progressed very slowlyindeed; but we pushed on and in the afternoon were as high as4000 meters (13,OOU feet). After we reached this altitude, we Idtthe mult: and the tw" exhausted men behind, because the upperpart of that side of the summit was Illosl.ly formed of the aa kindof lava. \Vhile the two men pitched the tent, the rest of the partypressed on without delay. \Ve heard distinctly a surf·like noise,that indicated the presence of lava fountain; the pillar of blui hsmoke was quite near; and yet no trace of the immediat·vicinity of the crater was discernable.
lIfOKUAWE.OWEO IN ACTIVITY. 75
No ascents of any other mountain that I know of are so surI prising as are those of high volcanoes, and especially Mauna
Loa; for the great sight bursts out quite uddenly; you are notaware where you are before you find yourself on the very spot.
The upmost top of l\launa Loa is almost level with only avery slight uphill slope to the rim. At once'the opposite side ofthe crater becomes visible; a few steps more and we were onthe brink of a perpendicular precipice and saw the whole crater.What was noticeable in that first moment was the rather con.siderable amount of snow forming narrow white lines on theopposite crater wall; and two large lava fountains, the brightreddish yellow colour of which made a fine contrast to theblackish crater-bottom.
AN INTERr,s'jING CO~II'AR[SON.
It is easy to describe l\Iokuaweoweo if Kilauea can be supposed as known to the reader. For the similarity in nearlyevery important and even some apparently less important featuresis very close. Buth are pit craters uf about the same size andshape.* The longer diameter uf both runs in a direction that isnot exactly, hut nearly the sallIe, i.e., from north-east to southWLst. The hi~hest point of the rim.) buth is situated in thenorth-west; the walls uf both ar~ nei.lrly 01 fully perpendicular,and the only places where a c"ll1i,,:table descent is possible inboth craters are over the north e.lstern and the south-westernembankments. t The ollly remarkable differences of the twocraters themselves are the following', The area of ~Iokuaweoweois a little smaller than that uf Kilauea; but, as l\lokuaweoweo is10nger, narrower and deeper it is uncoubtedly more imposing initself. The terraces in the north-east and south-west are morestriking and farther reaching in Mokuaweoweo than in Kilauea.
Halemaumau, [Pele's "everlasting house"] has always been,since our knowledge of Kilaut:a, in the south-western portion ufits bot tum ; in spite of all changt:s in other respects. And alsoMokuaweoweo's lava lake was decidedly nearer to the southwestern than to the north-eastern end.
" See Page 21 for Dimensions of Craters, l~lC.
1 [n Mokuaweuweo [ would not try it but it wa. obvious as se~n from thetop.
76 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
The lava.lake, as we found it in the evening of April 26th,1896, was very large, and its shape very irregular. It wasalmost level with the general crater floor, and its boundaries inthe bright daylight hardly distinguishable. On its we ·tern ideit was surrounded by the same kincl of wall, a shown in thephotos of Kilauea of I 93; though the wall was not so high anddid not exceed one meta according to my estimation. Thegeneral appearance and activity of the lake agreed in mo trespects 80 fully with Kilauea, that the easiest way to describeit is by comparing it with the latter, a. it appeartd in Decemberof 1893, an account of which I forwarded to the f{ ill/II/ellllld E rde,
Berlin, in 1i'9i), and which was reviewed in Sf/fllre in I 96,(page 490). The surface of the lake was crusted over, butrent by a very laq{e number of crevices, through which the~Iow was slightly visiblt in the daylight and very bright inthe night. The best comparison in order to give an idea of theappearance of these incandescent cracks is th,lt given by J. D.Dana, "a net· work of lightning"-of resting- lightnings of course.
During lny presence there wtre two large and one small lavafountains, the former of which played with great regularity andwithout any interruption. \Ve were lookinl{ against the longerdiameter, which followed tht line on which the fountains wereplaying; apparently they started from a rather straight crack.Their height was difficult to estimate from our place of observation, as the downward look was too steep; but I do not believ~
that the largest was more than I!) Illtters high. A succeedingparty, three days lattr, reported far larger figures; 150 to 200feet. This is ~o to 60 rnder~. Either, one of these estimationis very far from the truth, or, the fountain had increased theirheight in the lapse of three days; the latter upposition seemto me more probable. The colour of the fountains was verybright, more yellow than reddish, even in the daylight; aftersunset they were almost dauling, and also the system of crack!>was very striking. I succeeded in obtaining lasting evidence,which proves that the fountains were not very far from real whiteheat. The full moon and the fountains affected the photol:raphplate almost alike. I believe (though I am not sure) this is thefirst tillle that the incandescent lava ()f any volcano hilS beenphotogralJhed by it~ own lil;hl. In 1 U~ I sUl:gcllted to some of
MOKUAWEOWEO IN ACTIVITY. 17
the professional photographers to try it, but apparently theyconsidered it impossible. As the fountains of Mokuaweoweocame out absolutely black in a five second exposure with an f. 6.3lens on a :!6x Seed's plate, I am convinced that a much shorterexposure would suftlce. By making transparencies and combinin~ them with a reddish yellow ~Iass plate it would bepo sible to render the impression very distinct. ~Iy picture- wastaken only half an hour after :;un 'et, when the reflected day lightwas still pretty strong. A gelltlellJdn of the other party exposedhi:; plate in the very night and obtained Ilot only the fountainllbut the cracks also.
A few words about mountain sickness may not be out of placehere. As mentioned, two 01 our party were exhausted beforereaching the suinmit and did not arrive at all. I was quite wellon the rim at first, but while doing Illy photographic work, Iexperienced so severe a headache that after finishing it I wascompelled to lay down. M r. Gaspar had gone to the tent formore blankets and provisions; when he rtlurned, about sunset,he found the gUide and myself :;tretched out on the lava and thecamera standing lonesome on the rim of Mokuaweoweo, coveredstill by the black cloth. I had to give up my intention to climbdown to the bottom of the crater. And yet, in the summer ofI 95 I had been on :\IOUlll Blanc, Monte Ro:;a, Matterhurn, (respectivtly ~ 'I O. ~ 6:~K, 4HI:! mtltrs), alld mallY other of the Swisspeaks, mostly without ilny trouble. On Mount Blanc, which iscon:;iderably higher th.lll :\Iaulla Loa, I elljoyed perfed healthand good' appetite, though I had accomplish, d an uphill walk ofalmost :3 '00 'llelt:rs withill two days. About the same was myexpel'lence on the Swiss v\ eissllllrn of about ,IflO(l meters andmany other peaks of IlJl,re than ~OIJO meters. I am therefureinclined to believe that the mountain sickness, that ugly consequence of combined thin air, over eXertIOn, cold and sleeplessnights depends a great deal nOl only on 111e absolute figures, butalso on the suddenness of the change. Mr. Gaspar was the onlyone of our p"rl)' whu did not sutfer at all.
In closing', the differences between the activity of Ihe Kilaut:alake and that of Mokuaweoweo are to be enumerated. From themolten lava of Kilauea there arises on Iy a thin smoke, that in
• Thi~ pi~ture will be I'ubli. hed ill Himmel lWei Erele, Berlin.
18 HAWAllAN ANNUAL.
the:: reflected li/{ht is tntenst::ly hluish, and if looked at against
the hright sky, yellowish hlown, :\ vO!c.lno cloud proper <I enot ~xist ilt all as a lule, aod onl) under Leltain CilCUll1stances,
mostly in the eally nlllI010g' aod agalO ,It un~et. The 11l\'i~ible
uverheated slt'.tnl will cundeose tu il cloud, hut I Inval iahl)
noticed that the seeming' \'"Icano Clou(1 IVas ,I f,,:.: I]oatlng' milSS
of condens,"d stcam without an) applcci lhlc conntLtion with the
lanl lake, :\l"kuawco"'t" 00 the olher hand, ilS lung' as It was
active, nearly I/I-."I/)'s III/d a cioud; aod that cloud I/ht'I/Ys had a
noticeahle t1unk or pdl<l1' of snwke: the lall,'r, as 1could see from
the top, aillse almost tntilel) I",m tht fountains, Thcsc thnu~h
they seemed to me fal It:ss high than to tht: palty of April :?!hh,
yet were higher than any J hid ,een in Kilauea: and furtht:rmore,
I almost helieve (thllugh I L n;t ,lllirm it PO~ltll'ely), they
were somewhat hi ighlel lh,ln l.lv;,e Ill' Kilauea, Fin,dly it is
worth mentioning, that J ,wn "Iso a gentleman of the other party.
noticed within the fount'lins dark pteCes, which fell down very
slowly and which could hardly he anything else hut pumice
tone. Kilauea has also produted pumice stone, for it is
to be found in many places neal the crater: but during my
C:.I'~ ie\1 In Kilauea - by I-'I..Isl1 Light.
IIARK TWA!. 's nREAM 79
presence at Kilauea I never observed its formation. Its generation in Kilauea, therefore, seems to be rather exceptional.
A to the explanation of the mentioned differences they pointaltogether to a larger amount of gas es in Mokuaweoweo than inKilauea; and perhaps "Iso to a hi ..her temperature. Thoughthis be merely hypothetical, I venture to rt:mark it, because itagrees with certain ideas expressed by \;V. Lowthian Green inhis book, "Vestiges of the Molten Globe :" and if really themolten Mokuaweoweo lava contain a larger quantity of gas andbe of higher temperature, either or both, it must be of less densitythan Kilauea'. And this, if it were a fact, would help somewhatto explain the well known puzzle about the enormous differencesof level between the two volcanoes. But this, as most questionsregarding- volcanoes. is very far from being settled.,
Dr. lJcllcdirl Friedlnclldcr.Honolulu, June, 11'%.
MARK TWAIN'S OREArl.
A recorded in the Volcano House Register, during hi vi-it in 1866.
~LL day long I have sat apart and p(lndered over the
CJ mysterious occurrences of last night. There i no linklacking in the chain of incidents.-my memory pre entseach in its proper order with perfect distinctness, but
still, however, never mind these reflections-I will drop themand proceed to make a simple statement of the facts.
Towards eleven o'clock it was sugg-e ted that the character ofthe night wa peculiarly suited to viewing the mightiest activevolcano on the earth's surface in Its most impressive sublimity.There was no light of moon or star in the inky heavens to marthe effect of the crater'& gorgeous pyrotechnics.
In due time I stood With my companion on the wall of thecauldron which the natives, ages ago, named "Hale-mau-mau,"the abyss wherein they were wont to throw the remain of theirchiefs to the end that no vulgar feet might ever tread over them.We stood there, at d~ad of night, a mile above the level of thesea, and looked down a thousand feet upon a boiling, surging,
HA WAJIAN ANNUAL.
rUMII1~ ucean of lire. shaded our ey's from the blindin~ ~Iar
and ~azed far away on:1 the cril1lsun waves with .1 vague notionthat a supelnatural nett, m.lnned b) demons and freighted with
the damned ml~ht plesentl) sat! up out of the rem ute distance,started wht::n tremendou~ thundt::rbul sts shook tht:: earth and
folluwed with fascinated eyes the ~r,lnd jets of molten lava that
sprang high up towald the zenith and explodt::d in a world of
lit::ry "pr"y that lit up the sombre heavens with an infel nal
spiendor.
··'"vhat is your little bon-fire of Vesuvius to thi ?"~Iy t::jaculation aroused my cumpanion fro'n his reverie, and
Wt:: fell into a convelsation appropllate to the occasion and
surroundings_
\Ve came at last to spt::,lk of the anci<:nt custom of castin~ tht::
bodies of dead chieftains Into this feal fL:1 c,luldlon, and n~ com·
panion who was of the blood 1"0) ai, mentioned that the founder
of his raCe, old King Kal1lehameha the lirst that invincible old
pagan Alt::xander had found other sepulture than the burning
dt::pths of the Hale maU-mall.
I grew interested at once. I knew that the mystery of what
bt::came of the corpse of th· wan ior Kin~ had never been
fathomed. I was aware that there was a It~end connected with
thi matter, and I felt as if there could be no more fllting time
to Ii ten to it than the present.
The de 'cendant of Kalllehameha said:-"The dead King was
brought in ruyal state down the long winding w,ld that descends
from the rim of the cratt::r to the scorch d and chasm riven plain
that lies bel\veen Iial -mau mau and those butting walls yonder
in the di tance. The guards wert:: set and tht:: troops of mourner
began the weird wail for the departed. In the middle of the
night came the 'uund of innumerable vuices in the air, and the
ru h of invi ible wings, the funeral torch s wavered, burned
blue. and went out.
The mourner' and watcht::!. fell to the ground, paralyzed with
fear, and many minutes t::lapsed before any ont:: !I'lred to move
or peak, for they believed that the p••lnlOl1l mes engers uf the
dread Godde uf Fire had been in the I1lldst.
'vVhen at last a tOlch was lighted, the bier wa' vacant, the
dread monarch had been plrited away. Con ·ternation seized
MARK TWAIN'S DREAM. 81
upon all, and they Red out of the crater. 'vVhen the day dawnedthe multitude returned and began the search for the corpse.
But not a foot print, not a sign WrlS ever found. Day after day,the search was continued, and every cave in the g-rt.lt w,dls, andevery chasm in the plain f,ll" miles awund W<lS ex,lmintd; but
all to no purpose: and frum that d.ly tu this the re:;ting' pl'lc<: ofthe lion King's bones is an IInsolv:::d mystery. But years afterwards, when the g-rim prophettss \Niahoakawaka lay on htrdeath bed, the goddess Pele appeared to her in a visiun and tuldher that eventll>llly the secrt::t woulcrbe revealed, and in arc::markable manner, but not until the great Kauhuhu, lhe shark
God, shuuld desert the sacred cavern Ana Puhi, in the islandof Molokai, and the waters of the Sea should no more enter it,and its Roars shou Id become dry.
Ever since that time, the simple conl'iding natives havewatched for the sign, and now after many and many a summerhas come and gone ~nd they who were in the Rower of youth
then, have waxed old and died, the day is !It hand. :rhc greatshark God has deserted the Ana Puh\. A month ago for thefirst time within the records of tbe ancient legends, the sea hasceased to flow into the cavern, and its stony pavement hasbecome dry. As you may easily believe, the news of this greatevent spread like wild fire thruugh the islands, and now thenatives are looking every hour for tht miracle which is to unveilthe mystery and reveal the secrtt grave of the dead.
After I had gone to hed, I got to thinking of the volcanicmagnificence we had witnessed and could not get to slee'p, Ihunted up a book, "nd concludtd I would pass the time in reading. The first chapter I came upon related several instances ofremarkable revelations made to men through the <lgency ofdreams,ot i'oads and houses, trees, fences, and 'all manner oflandmarks shown in visions, a'ld recognized afterward in waking,and which served to point the way to some dark mystery orother. At length I fell asleep, and dreamed that I was abroadin the great plain that skirts the Hale mau·mau. I stood in asort of twilight that softtned the tone of surrounding objects,and still left them tolerably distinct. A gaunt mufflt:d figure
stepped out from the shadow of a rough column of lava, andmoved away with a sluw and measured step, beskoning me to
2 HAWAllA A NUAL.
follow. I did so. I marched down, down hundreds of fett upona narrow trail whi.:h wound Il~ tortuous cour'e through pilesand pyramids of seallled and 1,I.lckened lava, and under OV<:I·
hang-ing mas e' of sulphLll furllled 11) the artist h.lnd (If nature
into an infinitude uf fanci(ul ~h.lpes.
The th ught crossed my mllHI thdt po"sibl) Ill) phantomguide l11ight lead me down alllong the bowels of the eal th andthen disappear, and leave me tu grupe Illy way thro:l,gh it"ma.le· and work out my deliverance as best I might, and su,
with an eye to 'uch .1 cuntingency, I picked up a 'tune and"blazed" my course by bredking ofr a projecting corner occasion·ally, from lava walls and festoons of ,",ulphur. Finally we turnedinto a cleft in the crater's wall and pursued our w,ly through itsintricate windings for many a fatholll down toward the hOlne ofsubterranean fires, our course lighted all the way by a ruddy
glow which filtered up through innul11erllble cracks and crevices.and which afforded 1.11t:: occasional glimpse" "of the flood of moltenlava boiling and hiso;ing in the profound depths below u '. The
heat was intense, and tht :phurous atl110sphere suffocatll1g,
but I toiled on in the fouts ,'" of Illy stately guide and uttered nocomplaint. ',\t la 't we came to a rugged chamber whose sombreand blistt::red walls spake With mute eloquence of some fiery
tempest that had spent its fUly here ages ago The spt::ctrepointed to a boulder at tht:: f'lrthel extlemity-stood and pointedsilent and motion Ie.,:; for a few fleeting moment· and thendisappeared.-'·TII~ GY'I<, of 111, (11',,,1 1\',,1I/.-!l/1l1/ellll.'· The
wonIs swept mournf'dly by from .In unknown source, ,lnd diedaway in the distant corridors of Illy prison hou e, and I W.-l·
alone in the bo\ el' of the earth. in the house of desolation, inthe presence of death.
?vIy frelghtened impulse was to fly, but a stronger impul:earre ted me and impelled me to approach the massive boulder
the spectre had pointed at. \Vith hesitating step I went forwardand stood beside it. Nothing there I grew bolder and walkedaround and about it, peering hrewdly into the shadowy half lightthat urrounded it, still nothing. I paused to consider. \Vhile
I stood irresolute I chanced to brush tht ponderous store withmy elbow, and 10! it vibrated to my touch. [would as soonhav thought of starting a kiln of bricks with my feeble hands.
MARK TWAIN'S DREAM. 83
My curiosity was excited. I bore against the boulder 'and it stillyielded. I gave a sudden push with my whole strength, and ittoppled from its foundation with a crash that sent the echoesthunderin;; down the avenue passages of the dismal cavern;and there in a shallow excavation over which it had rested, laythe crumbling skeleton of Killg Knll/e1l11lltellrL lhe Great, thus'epulchured in long years, by supernatural hands. The bonescould be none other, for with tht:m lay the rare and pricelesscrown of ,/mluII/alllllllt coral, sacred to royalty, and tabu to allelse besides.
A hollow groan issued out of the- I woke up. How gladI was to know that it was all a dream. This comes (If listeningto the legend uf the noble chief, of reading those lying dreamrevelations, of allowing myself to be carried away by the wildbeauty of Kilauerl at midnight, of g'llrging too much pork andbians for suppt:r. And so I turned over and fell asleep again,and dreamed the same dream precisely as before, followed theame phantom guide, "blazed" Illy course, arrived at the grim
chamber, heard the sad spirit voice, overturned the massy stone,beheld the regal crown and the decaying bones of the Great King.
NOl'E:-In October of I1l8l, one of the Iionoluiu papers received and pub'Iished the foregoing extract from the Volcano House reg; ter. 'In a noteaccompanying it were a few words from the humorist to Mr. Lentz, 01 theVolcano House, implying that he wa' not the author. Subsequently thefollowing acknowled~ment was received. Eo. ANNUAL. ~
"Hanford, November 22nd, 1881.Dear :,ir:-I have received lhe Iionoluiu paper; and after reading half of
that dream, [ recognize the fact that [ did write it alter all I had totally forgotten it. * * * I must have been pretty young then, or sick, or some·thing. Please tear it out of your record book or paste this letter in to keep itcompany and teo tify my opinion of the performance.
Yours truly.S. L. CLEMENT."
hip Roanoke making Silir for ew York
HAWAII'S EASTERN SUGAR FLEET OF 1896.
,0'; T is worthy of murt than pa sing not~ that of Hawaii'ssugar crop for I '!)6-tht banntr ytar, so far, of htrsacharine product- 0 largt a portion hould bt hippedto Ntw York via 'ape Horn. It is also a noteworthy
fact that this Eastern sugar flett wert all of carrying capacityfar above the aVtrag't, and embraced several fuur·masted ships,including tht Roal/ok, and Dtrigo.
everal sugar cargoe' were shipped E,lst direct during thesummer of I'!)", the largest vesst). of the fleet bting the four.masted ship Kr:l/i17,'ortlt. of :!,:!~:lton mt::asurt::ment, which tookfrom here o3.!) l:l bag of sugar, weighing nearly 40110 tons. Upto this year sht W,IS tht largest sailing vessel that had entert::dthe harbor of Honolulu. The Ktil/il'1 'or/h returned again thisseason for a similar caq;o, but in the large fltet she was tclipsedin size by the RO(lll,uke, of :3539 tons, the largest American mer·cha t ves,t::1 aAoat, and the Vlrigo, of 3.005 ton, the fir t teel
llAWAl/'S EA TERN SUGAR FLEET. 5
ship built in the United States. Both of these are comparativelynew vessels, built and owned by the Sewells, of Bath, Me.; theRoalloke having been built in IH9:!, and the Dirigo having made
but one voyage to Japan and back prior to her visit here byway of S·an Francisco.
It is an interesting coincidence that the principal industry andbusiness of the islands, today, should claim the largest :lnd finestspecimens of American mercantile marine architecture as itwhaling business did in the "early fifties," when the noted clip.pers Sovereign of the Seas, Flying Cloud. Yonng American, andsU,ch like vessels loaded oil at this port for Eastt:rn Markets.
Ship Dirigo leaving port for New York.
Hawaii has reason to be proud of her commercial rt:conl, andHonolulu, the metropolis, flatters itself on its ability to accommodate several of this fleet in port at once in addition to the reogular packet lint:s and a larger lis't of ocean steamers entt:ringthe harbor than evt:r before, and serve them with wharfagt: facilities, in course, with less delay than is oftt:ntimt:s experienced inports of greater capacity.
6 HAWAlJAN ANNUAL.
The following is it com plett Ii t of tht Eastern sagar fleet for1,96 above mtntioned, including Hilo's maidtn shipment forNew York dirtct, the Hl'liry I'illf/rd. All of this fleet as alsothat of I !Hi, were consigntd here to the houst of \V. Cr. IrWin& Co. L'cI. and loaded by them for the Amencan Sugar Rdin ryin Ntw York and di patchtd thither, with the l:xception of theJ. n. TltOIlWS, which cleared for 13oston.
DATI'
SAILED. SIJII',BAn,
SVCiAIL
To/<s:-\L:GAI~. VALl'I'.
Feh. 'j. Reaper, Young :~(j.4(j.i :!,:W8 l:lILi:18.00Feb. :20, .. \\'. F. Babcod Graham :iLi,Li08 :{ ..iI5 :2:17.0:21.00Feb. :2!l. Ineiiana Colley :1'j,:!OI :!.:mJ 14i,(j:l~l.oo
~Ich, IH... Iroquoi, Ta) lor '-';',IZ'j :l,4U:2 :!:l~), 101.011~lch, :11. .. Kenih'orlh Baker (j:2.fl'j:2 :l,8Li:! :!if),:20'.00rlpr. Ill •. lien,.)' Villarei I'allen :l!I,IUti :!.flUI lLiI,!I'j .00Apr. :2'j.. Roanok,· Ilamiiton 88,4,)." .i,:\Li8 :,8;;,0'j'j,00~Ia)' I:l .. , Dirigo "ood\\';n '1.!ISli ;;,Ol!) :l;;!I.'j!I:l.UU.\Iay :!O I'atolll' Walb 4·I,MILi :'!,(j.!U :?OV, "8.00June I no, ~lcDonald Storer .-, '.!ISH :l.tj.j:1 :25:2,!I!lI.OOJune 1:1. .. Jo,. B. 'I homas l.erl1lond 4 ',:11;, :l.OO-1 :211,Oi:l.OOJune :10. Commodore Davidson :,O,4.iO :l,O!I:2 2:.!:"i,:l1 Li.OOJuly 21. .. T. E. SlarhuckCurli, ;'1,:2liS :1,IHi :.!O:l,.iO:l.UOAug. :i ... Belmont Ladd 4:1,:1:,:, Z,O/!) 160,01:2.00AIlg', :2,0. "I!?bni ~.,Ic. C1ure :l:" 1!J2 2,084 1:14.44 .OUUct. !I." I roop hllz 41,102 2,.i28 15\1,;;91.00--------------. ----- --------
'[OTAI.. 2:i,i64. 51, III :{,50:',:lili.00----The f1td of IS!)!> consisted of eight vesstl , two 01 which, the
f.'cllilworth, as alrtady mentioned, and the Troop figurt againin the above list. The total amount of sugar shipped Ea<;t lastytar was 2:>,U04 Yz tons,
HAWAII'S NEW SEAL A 0 COAT OF RMS.
(C'1!! accordance with a resolution passed at lhe special session~ of the Legislature of 1 '95, a joint committee, con. isting of(c:f) lIons. J. A. Ivlc,Candless, H. W, Schmidt, \. G. I.
" Robert on and \\'. P. H ... ia was appninted, to whom wasassigned the task of procuring designs for a Great eal of theI{epublic, and leport therton at tht' regular :e. sion of I 96.
Competitive design wtrt called for by the committee and aprize of fifty dollars olTered "to lht per on whose design would beaccepted by the Legislature." II: size it w~ uggested to be
HAWAII'S NEW SEAL. 87
three inches in diameter. and the exi ting national motto, "Uamau ke ea 0 ka aina i ka pono," wa~ to be retained. Contributors were to sign a nom de plume to their designs and forwardsame, with their real name on a separate cnclosed slip, to theSecn:tary of the Committee, Mr. A. G. M. Robertson. A littleover six weeks time was given for the competition, which closedDecem ber 1st. 189fJ.
Responding thereto some twenty-seven designs were submitted, and after due consideration by the committee their choicefell upon the design of "Anglo-Dane," the work of our penartist Viggo JaC0bson. Shortly after the opening of the Legislature the committee presented thcir report, submitted the choiceof the various designs that had been received. and recommendedits adoption.
Through criticisms thereon in the public pre. s, and in the houseand senate on consideratIOn of the report, the matter was referredback to the Committee with in~tructions to modify certainfeatures. Upon its re"ubmission to the house a strong argumentwas made by the chairman of the Committee tor the ret~ntion o(the symbolic phcenix to which objection~ had been made: thedesign in other respects having been changed to meet theexpressed wish of the legislators. It finally pas ed on a jointresolution and was approved May 25th, 1896.
'The following is its descriptive text:
Be it resol'l1en by tlie Senate nlld House of J<.eprcsfl1tntives:
That the Great Seal of the Republic of Hawaii be circular inshape, three inches in diameter, and of the design herein belowattached; being more particularly described. with the tincturesadded as a basis for the Coat of Arms, as follows:
ARMs.-An heraldic shield which is quarterly; first and fourth,stripes of the national banner: second and third, on field arg, aball of the first pierced on staff sa.; sur tout, an inescutcheonvert. on which a mullet or. in fesse.
SUPPORTERS.- On the dexter side, Kamehameha I., statant,attitude a-6 represented by bronze statue in front of Aliiolani
, Hale in Honolulu; cloak and helmet or.; figure proper. Sinister,Goddess of Liberty, wearing a Phrygian cap a·nd laurt:l wreath,and holding in right hand the national banner, partly unfurled.
8 J-lA IVAllAN ANNUAL.
CREST,-A rising sun irridiatec! or., surmcunttd by the legend"Republic of Hawaii, 1l'\94," tht lalle:' in Roman num rals,
MOT'ro.-" a mau kt ea 0 ka aina i ka pono" escroll, Itlltr·In~ or.;
FI'RTHER ACCE OKIES.-Ut:low the shield, the bird Ph<.cnixovert. issuant from Hames, bod)' sa. win~s half or., half murre)';also elg'ht taro leaves, having on either side banana foliage andspra)'s of maiden hair fern, ascendant.
OBSOLETE STREET NAMES.
EFERENCE to earl)' records of Honolulu realty transactions, though of but half a cent ur)' ago, reveal anumber of strtd names now unknown to but few ofher citizens In the recent activit), in city real estate
frequent enquiry ha been made relative to several of theseprimative names, and for the convenience of reference we presentthe following list:
Church Street, Chapel Street, :\Iain Stred and al'o Broadway,refers to King Stret.l. An earl)' resident mentions that thenative name for that portion e::a t of Fort Stre::et was Aigupita.
Fourth Stre::et in some instruments, and Alanui Keaka (orTheater) in others, refers to Hotel treel.
Lalau Street was an e::arly name of Kaahumanu treet, andBeef Lane-suggested by the:: Sandwich Island Gazelle, eptember, 1 36-referring to the same, seems to have had a briefexistance.
OBSOLETE STREET NAMES. 89
Fid Street was the more truthful than poetic name to thelower portion of N uuanu Street, when grog shops, and sailorboarding houses characterized it from Beretania Street to the sea.
Water Street was a suggested name for Queen Street, and ismet with in a few instances in old documents.
Kea Street we accept as our present Alakea Street.Some confusion exists relative to streets by direction such as
Back Street, and Mauka Street, though it is generally admittedthat the former refers to l3eretania Street and the latter toYoung Street.
I vVarren's Square was that portion of Hotel street from thecorner of Fort Street to where Warren's Hotel stood, afterwardsthe Canton Hotel, now occupied by Horn's bakery.
Rose Lane existed till the great fi re of I!:\87 when in resurveying and mapping out the burnt district with new and widerstreets it gave way to the extension of Bethel Street up throughto Hotel Street. It afforded a King Street outlet to severalproperties near Castle & Cooke's rear.
Alanui Kamika, or Smith Street. This was a narrow andcrooked roadway that opened opposite Kaumakapili Church onBeretania Street, and ran through to Hotel Street. It was alsoobliterated by the above mentioned fire. In rebuilding, thetreet was widened and continued through the next block to
King Street, and is now known to many as Kania Street.Alanui Klhapai is thought to have reference to Union Street.Branch Street is understood to appl}' to Adams Lane.Alanui Kalepa, and Alanui Kuai, as the names imply, refer to
Merchant ~treet.
Printer's Lane ran from abreast of Palace walk, on PunchbowlStreet and came out on King' Street, between S. N. Castle's andthe Mission premises, now the Kawaiahao Seminary. A smallportion of the roadway, opening on Punchbowl Street still exists.
Palace Walk, occasionally referred to, is the now p'll'tiallywidened thoroughfare, mauka of the Executive building, runningfrom Richards to Punchbowl Street, and bids fair to eventuallylose its name entirely in the propose d extension of Hotel Streetto Thomas Square.
THE LEGE 0 OF 0 11 lJl.
~:-\ the pldt dU, or table' land, IYlllg between Ewa and vVai·
J') alua on the island of Oahu, .Ind about a mile off and
r;' /Ill/Ilki/ of the pre~ent K,lukonahua bridge I~ the historical• place of Kukaniloko,
This was the ancient birth pldee of the Oahu klllgs and ruler~.
It was incumbent on all women of the loyal line to retire to thi'place when about to give hil th to a child, on pain of forfeitingthe rank, chiet1y privilege~ .Ind prerogatives for hel expectedoffspring should that event happen in a les ~dCled place.
The stones were ~till standing ten years ago, <lnd may be areyet undisturbed, where the royal accollchment~ took pldce. Inancient times thi~ locality was tabu glound, fur here the highpriest of the island hdcl hi~ he.ldqu.lrter~, Himself descended
from the highest chie::tly tamilie~, 10 many IOstances an uncle 01
younger brother of the n::tgning king, or, connected by marriagewith those of tht: royal line, .tt the ht:ad of .\ numerous, welloq;ani£ed and powerful prie~thood, hl~ influence was haldly
second and In some matter~ hi~ authority wa:, paramount to
that f the kin".A few miles mauk<l of KlIkanJioko towdrds the \\'dlme,( moun·
tain~ is Halemano, where the Id!>t 0 the cannib,tl chiefs from
the 'outh :ea:, filMlIy :,ettlecl when driven from the plains of:'vlokuleia and 'vVaidlud by the enrdged peur1e of tho' c1istrict~;
exasperated by the frequtnt requiSitions on th kamaaina'(original inhabitants) by the stranber chitf~ to lurnish materi,dfor their cannibali ,tic feasts.
To the east of Halemano dnd 'about the S<lme distance from
Kukaniloko i~ Oahunui (Greater Oahu), anothLI historical place.This was the residence of the king~ of the island. Tladition ha~
it that previous to the advent of the cannibal strangers the placewas known by another name.
LEGEND OF OAHUNUI. 91
When the Lo-Aikanaka, as the last of the man-eating chiefsare known in history, were constrained to take up their residencesin Upper Halemano, a district just outside of the boundaries ofthose reserved for the royal and priestly residences, a youngman called Oahunui was king. An elder sister called Kilikiliula,who had been as a mother to him, was supposed to shareequally with him the royal power and prerogative. This sisterwas married to a chief named Lehuanui, of the priestly line, butone not otherwise directly connected with royalty, and was themother of three children; the two olclest were boys and theyoungest a girl. They all lived together in the royal enclosurebut in separate houses according to ancient custom.
Now the Lo-Aikanaka on est<lblishing themselves in UpperHalemano, had at first behaved very well. They had beencircum~pect and prudent in their intercourse with the royalretainers, and had visited the young king to render their homagewith every appearance of humil(ty.
Oahunui was quite captivated by the plausible, suave mannersof the ingratiating southern chief and of those of his immediateretainers, and he invited them to a feast. This civility wasreciprocated and the king dined with the strangers. Here, it wasstrongly suspected, that the dish of honor placed before the kingwas human flesh served under the guise of pork.
The king found the dish very much to his liking and intimatedto the Lo-Aikanaka chief that his aipuupuu (chief cook orsteward) understood the preparation and cooking 01 pork betterthan the royal cook did.
The Lo-Aikanaka took the hint, and the young king becamea very frequent guest at the Southerners board-or rather mattable. Some excuse or other would be given to invite the royalguest such as a challenge to the 'king to a game of konane, or acontest of skill in the different athletic and warlike sports wouldbe arranged and Oahunui would be asked to be the judge, orsimply invited to view them. As a matter of course it wou'ldbe expected that the king would remain after the sports andpartake of food when on friendly visits of this nature. Thus withone excuse or another he spent a great deal of his time with hisnew subjects and friends.
92 HAWAl1AN ANl\'UAL.
To supply the particular dainty craved by the royal visitor,the Lo-Aikanaka had to send out warriors to the pas es leadingto \Naianae from Lihue and Kalena and also to the lonely pathway leadinK up to Kalaikini on the \Vaimea side. there to lie inambush for any lone traveller, or belated single person after la-i,aaho, or ferns. uch a one would fall an easy prey to the Lo'sstalwart men skillful in the art of tht: lua.
This went on for some time, until the unaccountable disappearance of so many pt:oplt: hegan to bt: connected with thefrequent entertainments by the southern chief. Oahunui's subjects began to hint that thell' young" kll1g had acquired the tastefor human t1e h at these:: feasts, and that it was to gratify hisunnatural appe::tit for the hOJrid dish which caust:d his frequentvisits to those who we::re his inf riors, contrary to all royalprecedents.
The disapproval by his pt:Ople at the intimacy 01 Oahunuiwith his new Iriends was expressed more:: and more openly andthe murmurs of discontent gre::w loud and deep. His chiefs andthe high priest became alarmed and begged of him to discontinue his visits or they would not be answerable:: for the conse·quences. The king was thereby forced to heed their admonitionsand promised to·keep away from the:: La's, and did 0 for quite awhile.
'ow all the male members of the royal family ate their me::alswith the king when he was at home. This included amongothers Lehuanui, his sister's hmband, and their two sons,healthy, chubby little lads of about eight and six years of age.One:: day after breakfast, as the roar of the surf at \\'aialua couldbe distinctly he::ard, the:: king remarked that the fish of Ukoa pondat 'vVaialua must be prc:s 'ing on ttl the /I/Illia/III (or t1oodgates)and he would like:: some aholt:hole. This obse::rvation n:allymeant a command to his .brother-in-Iaw to go and get the fish,as he was the highest chiefprt:sent e::xct:pt his two royalne::phews,too small to assume such duties,
Le::huanui, Kilikiliula's husband, accordingly went to \Yaialuawith a ft:w of his own family retainers and a number of thosebelonging to the king. They found the fish packed thick at themakaha and wt:re soon busily t:ngaged in scooping out, cleaningand salting them, It was quite late at night when Lehuanui
LEGEND OF OAHUNUT. 93
fatigued with the labors of the day, lay down to rest. He hadbeen asleep but a short while when he seemed to see his twosons standing by his head. The eldest spoke to him, "Why doyou sleep my father? vVhile you are down here we are beingeaten by your brother-in-law, the king. We were cooked andate up and our skulls are now hanging in a ne::t from a branch ofthe lehua tree you are calle::d after, and the rest of our bones aretied in a bundle and buried under the tree by the bi:; root running to the setting sun."
Then they seemed to fade away and Lehuanui started upshivering with fear. He:: hardly knew whether he had beendreaming or had actually see::n an· apparition of his little sons.He had no doubt they were de::ad, and as he remembe::red all thetalk and innuendoes about the king's supposed reasons f6rvisiting the strangers and the enforced ce::ssation of those visitsat the urgent requtst of the high priest and the chiefs, he cameto the conclusion that the king had only expressed a desire forfish in his presence to send him out of the way. He reasonedthat no doubt the king had noticed the chubby form and roundedlimbs of the little lads and being de::barred a chance of partaking surreptitiously of human flesh, had compelled his servantsto kill, cook and serve up, his own nephews. In satisfying hisdepraved appetite::, he also got rid of two who might be<;omeformidable rivals, for it was quite within the possibilities that thepriests and chiefs in the near future, should he be suspected of adesire for a further indulgence in cannibalistic diet, might deposehim, and proclaim eithe::r one of the yllung ne::phews his successor.
The father was so troubled that he aroused his immediatebody servant and the two left 'vVaialua for home shortly aftermidnight. Thty arrived at the royal enclosure at dawn, andwent first to the lehua tree spoken of by the apparition of thechild, and on looking up amid the:: branches, sure enough theredangled two little skulls in a piece of large meshed fishing net.Lehuanui then stooped down and scraped away the leaves andloose dirt from the root indicated, and out rolled a bundle oftilpa which on being opened was found to contain the bones oftwo chtldren. The father reached up fur the net containing theskulls and putting the bundle of tapa in it tied the net aroundhis neck. The servant stood by, a silent and greived spectatorof a scene whose meaning he fully understood.
94 HAWAl1AN ANNUAl_.
The father procured a tone adze and went to the kings leepin~ house, the servant still following. Ht:rt: evel)' one but anold woman tending the kukuinut canole was asleep. Oahunulwas stretched out on a pile of soft mats covered with his pi/iII/II,the royal red kapa of old. The cruel wretch had ate to excess atthe hateful dish he craved, and accumpanyinl{ it with copiousdraught of awa juic·, was in a heavy drunken sleep.
Lehuanui stood O\'er him adLe in hand and called. "Oh kin~,
where are my children." The stupified being- only stirreduneasily and would not, or could not, awake. Lehuanui calledhim three times, and the si~ht of the drunken brute, ~orged withhi own flesh and blood, so enraged the father that he struck atOahunui' neck with the stone adze he held and severed the headfrom the body at one blow.
The father and husband then strode to his own sleeping housewhere his wife lay asleep with their young-est child in herarm. He aroused h l' and asked for his boys. The mothercould only weep without answering-. He upbraided her for herdevotion to her brother and tamely surrendering her children tosati fy the appetite of the inhuman monster. H~ reminded herthat she had equal power with her brother and that the latterwas very unpoplJlar, and had she chosen to resist his demandsand called on the retainers to defend her children. the kin/{ wouldhave been killed and her children aved.
He then informed her that a she had given up his children tobe killed for her brother, he had killed the latter in retaliation fortheir death; and sayin~, "you have preferred your brother to meand mine, you will see no more of me and n1ine." He tore the
leeping child from her arms and turned to leave the house.The poor wife and mother follc;wed and flin/{ing herself on her
husband attempted to detain him by c1ingin/{ to his knee, butthe father crazed by hl~ loss and the thou/{ht of her greateraf'rection for a cruel inhuman brother than for her own children. truck at her with all his might exclaiming, "well then followyour brother," and rushed away followed by all his retainers.
Kilikiliula fell on he f'ide "I' the stream opposite to when: thelehua tree stood and is s<lid to hil\e turned to 'tone. and if'pointed out to this day, billanced on the side hill of the ravineformed by the tream and is one of the sights for the Hawaiiansightseer.
HAWAIIAN t:nJ)HMICS. 95
The headless body of Oahunui lay where he was killed,dbandoned by everyone. The story runs that in process of time
it also turned to stone as a witness to the anger of the Gods andtheir detestatiun of his horrible crime, and the place was ever
afterwards known as Oahunui. All the servants who had in any
way been concerned, in obedience to the royal mandate, inkilling and cooking the young princes were, at the death of Kili·kiliula, likewise turned to stone, just as they were in the variousattitudes of crouching, kneeling, or sitting.
All of the rest of the royal retainers, with the lesser chiefsand guards, fled in fear and disgust from the place, and thusthe once sacred royal home of the Oahuan chiefs was abandoned
and deserted.The ban ot the great God Kane's curse, it is believed, sttll
hangs over the desolate spot, in proof of which, it is assertedthat, although all this happened milny hundreds of years ago,no one has ever IiveJ there since.
F.II/lIlll .11. Nllkaillll.
HA WAIIAN EPIDEMICS.
An historic account of the princi pal epiJelll ic perioJs known to haveoccurred in these IslanJs.
~CCASIUNAL reference is made to a pestilence that pre·
~ vailed throughout these islands the early part of thiscentury, known among Hawaiians as //11111//11 okuu.LIttle more than a traditional knowledge exists relative
to it. In seeking the significance of the name, Andrews definesit. as that of a "great pestilence which swept over the islandswhile l--:.amehameha 1. was living on Oahu, about lti07. Creatmultitudes were swept off. The name okull was given to itbecause the people 'okllu wale aku no i ka uhane,' i.e., dismissed
freely their seuls and died."jarves,a in referring to Kamehameha's preparatior, for the
conquest of Kauai, which occurred in 1804, states that he gottogether even thousand warriors and tifty whites, mostly armed
• Jarvt:s lJistOIY, tiO,tOIl Edition 01 !o.J,;i, page 1\11.
9 /lA IVA IIA N A NUAL.
with muskets, which were to ha\"!: been conveyed thither by a
Ilett of twenty-one schoonel~ of fl0m ten to fifty tons <Ich. and
a vast flett of w<lr canoes. hut hefore he could emhark thiS force
an epidemic broke out <lmong them of a peculiar character which
spread ')ver the island. dnd pro\"t~d \·ery fatal. The king himself
was attacked, but recovered.
This IS confil med in Lisiansky'~ \-oy.lge, (page I ~:!) as follows:
"June I, th_ 1•..;01. On led\"lng Call.lc.IC()(J,l (Kealakekua)_ Ipurposed m<lking for the 1~land <)1 "·<lllO" «),111\1). 10 see the King
of uwhyhee (1Iaw<lII). wll,) W,IS there \\'Ilh hi~ <ll"my. •
Learnln~, however. that <I ~pecle~ of epidemic (L;,ea~e was raging
in that isl<lnd, I relinqUished my Intention and t,)"k my course
for Utoowa)' ("auai)_ June 1!lth. at \\'allllea B.l.'. The King
of Otooway and Onihoo (:\idlaU). whose name was Tamoor)'(Kaumualii), paid u~ a \"I'll. ., 1 informed him that
the King of Owhyhee wa" at plesent on the island of \Vahoo;and that he woul(! ha\-e been at Otooway long ago but for an
epidemic di ea;,e which had splead amoug his troops, and would
perhaps oblige him to relin'lul"h hl~ conquests and return home."A nati\-e writer in the KIIOA'OIl of February ~,";th. I '6:1, refers
to it as "the great plague oj Kamehameh~-s time. known as
oklilt. which destro)'ed a great number of men. women and
children, and took off the mdjonty (/111/'11 /111;) of the pupulation.
~o plague or sickness ever occurred like it. C ..ncerning the
number" that died throughout the~e islands, 111 ~ome places they
died furt)' daily, In others eighty. one hundled <lnd twenty, and
in others four hundred" died each dilY. _\ccording t) the number
of inhabitilnts in each plac~. so were the deaths there_ This
plague continued for some time, de~troYll1g the people of these
islands. For three months and more, perhaps_ they continued
to die daily_'--'\Ve have met with no <lCCOUllt. or description, as to what this
fatal epidemic could have been. thou~h ha\-e a recollection of a
well known old time resident of Kauai, once speaking of it having
been described to him by natives of !lis district as very much
resembling the hlack plague_
lo The report of number, in multiple' of forty i< characteri_tic of ancient
Hawaiian methods in dealing" ith indelinite large number>_1'. C. Ad,·erti,,:r. ~I arch ;), I~~l:l.
HAWAIIAN EPIDE-MICS. 97
While Jarves, and Lisiansky, connects the epidemic only withOahu, traditionary accounts agree in its merciless sweep throughout the islands. It proLJably had its origin by contagion fromChina through the;: sandal wood trade then opening up between
the two countries.
EPIOE'IIC;; 01: I "'4\{-49.
During the latter four months of ISolR an epidemic of measles,
introduced from Mexico in a U. S. Government "essel, ragedthroughout the islands and laid low one-tenth of the wholepopulation. A writer of the time states that "the disease spread
with great rapidity, so that in two months it had reached theutmost extremes of the islands. Scarcely a soul escaped itspower; whole neighborhoods, and even whole villages wereprostrate at once, there not being persons enough in health toprepare food for the sick.
About the time measles were introduced at one island, thewhooping cough, from 5=alifomia, found its way to another and,like the measles, spread with great rapidity, causing almost thetotal destruction of those born that year.
Unfortunately an earlier and more than usually severe winter;with excessive raios, aggravated the disease and caused greatermortality. Thes,", were succeeded by an epiclt:mic of diarrheathroughout the islands, supposed to have be;:c:n caused by a tooearly indulgence of improper fuod. Scarcely had the peoplerecovered from the foregoing, than the influenza, in December,made a sudden attack on the whole popu!:.ttion, native andforeign alike. Afle;:r ~o many prostrdtions by Sickness, the peopleseemed to lose that elasticity of body which resists the power ofdisease. This epidemic proved the long'e"t and most severeof the kind which had been witnessed up tu that time.
Medical opinion cunside;:red he two Idtter visitations as partand pdrcel, or after results, of the first .Jr measles epidemic.
It was estimated hat the populdtion of the islands were
reduced over ten thousand by this siege of epidemics.
S'l.\LI. pox I';PIDE'IIC 01: 11\53.
G~nerdl public opinion credited to the ship C//(/s. Malloryfrom San Francisco, the introduction of small,pc1 x in May of
!l ITAWAIlAN ANNUAL.
53, though it was asserted it might have been brought by thebrig Zoe in a lot of consigned clothing which had been sold atauction. The first reported cases were tho~e oj a native womanand girl in what was kno vn a~ ~Ieek's yard. on ~launakea ,tn:el.May I;\th, and enquiry elicited the fact that another native girlhad had the di~ease out was then convalescent.
The Board of Health immediately look steps to confine it tothe premises discovered, and the Legisl,tture then in sessionhurried an Act through buth h"uses, in one day, establtshing aSpecial CUl1lmissiun of Public Health "who should act withuutpecuniary reward," to take charge of and direct all malltrsrelative to the welfare of the community, Wilh aJthorit)' to drawfrom the Public Treasury such funds as mig:ll be nt:cessary.The Commission was appointed by tht: King, with assent of thePrivy Council, and consisted of Dr. G. P. Judd, \V. C. PalkeIlr. T. C. B. Rooke: the latter being chairman.
Tht: Commissiont:rs proceeded immediately upon their duties,with J. Hardy as secretary. An hospit,t1 was procured withoutdelay, at Kakaaku, and ordtrtd filted up with all dispatch: theutmost precautionary mt:asures wen: taken to pi event the pread.ing of the dist:ase; notices wt:re issued ane! widely circulated.The Minister of Public Instruction was authOlized to take everynecessary step for the general vaccination of the neople; measureswere taken tu prevent the extension of thc di~ea"e to the otherislands by coasting and other vessels. and sub-commissionersand agents were appointed throughuut ever~ district on theislands, with full instructiuns from the COlllmis:iuners, anddirections were issued to all pilots and boarding olncers, so thatshould the dlst:ase break out in any place. Jllea~Ules were takento meet it in every direction.
The first weekly report of the Commi sioners read as follows:"! 0 new cases of Small Pox has becn repolted. Those alreadyexisting are doing well. The health of the cit) is otherwisegenerally good. Honolulu, ~Iay 20th, noon.
T. C. U. Rooke, Chairman."
This however was but the calm which prt:ceeded the storm, forby the middle of July the ravages of the disease among thenativl:: population of Honolulu had become alarming. For theweek ending July 15th, the number uf new cases reported wa'
HAWAIIAN EPIDEMICS. 99
527, including four foreigners; deaths 111:\, The followingnotices, issued by the commission will give an idea of the stateof affairs then existi'1g.
"NoTlcE.-VVhereas much difficulty is found In procuring aidto bury the dead, the Royal Commissioners of Public Healthhereby give notice that all able bodied men, if recovered from theSmall pox, or already completely explJsed thereto, are liable tobe called on by them, by their sub-commissioners. by the police.or by any of their agents, to render assistance in burying thedead, without renumeration. Any person so called on, refusingto assist, shall be liable to a fine not exceeding $~5, or imprison·ment not exceeding' six months. The Commissioners lik':.wiseg-ive notice that they have authorized the destruction of dogs inHonolulu and vicinity, whenever in the estimation of the policethey are liable to convey and communicate the Small-pox.d
The Commissioners published weekly reports of all casesreported, but the belief was general that there were many morecases that did not appear in the official list.
From the first bulletin report, till October 14th, when theCommissioners announced "no ca5e of Small-pox remaining inHonolulu," there had been 561:\6 cases reported, with 2109 deaths.The out districts of Oahu, and parts of the other islands continuedto suffer from ravage5 of the disease till January, 1854, the lastcases for Oahu reporting on the 13th, and from Hawaii on the27th of that month when the Commi5sioners reported the following summary: Total number of cases reported, 6,405. Totalnumber of deaths 2,485.
This siege of Small-pox will be seen to have lasted eightmonth5, during- which time some $:{O,OOO of public money wasd ra wn for its expen ses.
TII~: QL-I:\"TA EXPI~RrE:\"CE OF ISHI.
Honolulu was called to pass through another small-poxepidemic in 1881, the disease having been introduced here bythe 5tearner QuillIn from China. There were several occasions,about the same time, both from San Franci5co and through theinward rush of laborers from China when we were threatenednot only with small-pox off the port, but actually on our streets.
<i Sheldon'. R"minisctnCeS.
100 HAWAIIAN ANSUAL.
The Health and I'olice authorities were passing through a siegein confining cases by the Casslll/Ilm to her own immigrants,during Uecember of IPSO and JanualY of IH~I. when the Qllillto
and Mei Fllo arri\·ed. The latter had six C<l'ies of small· poxamong her passengers on arrival, and was pl<lced at once inquarantine. whilt- the Captain of the Qllillia lep"rted a ckan billof health. though it was suhsequently discovered that both he andhis oflicers were knowing to the existence of the disease on boardand that four deaths had occul'1ed, ell rOlllc.
The first case in town de\'e!oped among her passengers in ahouse on King Street. Janu<lry l!lth. though the epidemic datesfrom February 4th. from ,I case at Kukui place, when, uponexamination of the neighh,)rhood flOur others were found. Other
cases soon cropped up hele and there throughout the city, sothat for a time considerahle alarm wa, felt as to the outcome
from so many points of contagion. The Board "f Ilealth soughtby prompt action, a vigorous qualantine and restriction on interisland tra\,e! to confine its ravages. All ca'es reported, ordiscovered. were removed to the hospital at K.lhakaaulana, or
strictly CJuarantined on their own premises, if circumstancesrequired it. Fortunately the disease did not spread to the otherislands, though there Were a number of cases in the outer
districts of O<lhu. from which there were t\ e1ve deaths. Theepidemic lasted a little o\'er live months with a total of 7/'l1ireported cases, out "f which there were '2''2 deaths. FromDecember Hh, 11'1'11. to September 10th, the tOlal numher ofpersons placed in qllarantine were '2, 'if>.
The total expens ... s of this second small-pox epidemic wasS;\\·I,O 9.11', of which. paid claims against the ,Ie.tlllers Cossall
dra, L)'din, SL/,tillltl and .\lee Foo, amounting to S16,:160. ':2,made the net expense .;Di ,(i9i'.36.
CI!OLI':HA 1·:I'lIlE;\IIC OF 11'\<),=;.
Of Honolulu's last epidemic, little nt-ed be said (because so
recent and well known) beyond0ur summar) IIf Ihe events givenin the Retrospect for 11'!):1. The Board of 11"<llth has iss'led aspecial report upon the Cholera epidemic which embodies all
the acts and regulations of the Board; repun~ of the physicians
and others, and a "~eneral statt::ment" upon the subject showing
HAWAIIAN OPERA HOUSE. 101
the introduction of the disease, steps pursued to prevent itsspread, etc., etc., with a list of patients entered on the recordbook of the Cholera Hospit"ll at Kakaako, which shows a total offifty-eight typical and eighteen moderate cases entered, besidesfour cases other than cholera, and eleven typical cases that hadnot entered. Of this total number of nindy-one cases, therewere sixty-five deaths in all.
The total cost of the epidemic amounted to '61,697.55, butnot a small portion went to settle claims for properties condemned for the public weal.
HAW AllAN OPERA HOUSE REDIVIVU.s.
:We are inJebteJ to Mr C. W. Dickey, Architect, for the preparation of
this articlt> <tIlJ to our local papers for aid in extendingits Jescriptive features. ED. ANNUAl..
'~HE New Hawaiian Opera House, completed in November,{\!) 1896, is a model structure of its kind, calculated to sur(1.~ prise those who visit these Islands expecting to find
C everything in a primitive state of civilization. It was
not built as a profitable investment, and may, like its predecessor,prove a constant expense to its owners, i\lessrs. J. D. and A. B.Spreckels of San Francisco and W. G. Irwin of this city. ButMr. Irwin-for his part-has seen fit to thus give the people ofHonolulu one 1110re mark of his public spirited generosity.
The old Music Hall burned down February l:1th, 1895, leavingthree walls standing intact. VVithin these old walls our charmingly beautiful little theater has sprung into exi tence. Nopains have been spared to make it what it is: comfortable, thoroughly equipped, and artistic. To Mr. C. B. Ripley, the architect, is due great credit for the masterly manner in which he hascarried out a very difficult project. To be compelled to use threeold walls with the window and door openings already fixed inposition was a very serious handicap to the designer; but the
whole interior effect is so harmonious that one forgets that itis 110t an entirely new structu reo
102 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL,
Entt:ring the tht:att:r undt:r tht: broad porch on King Street,ont: passes through the vestibule and into tht: foyer ur up into thefamily circle by broad stairs at t:itht:r side. The fop:r is separ·att:d from tht: drt:ss circle hy a graceful arcade of spindle work.Passing out under tht: gallery the whole beauty of the placebursts upon the observt:r. In frunt is the grt:at bronzt:d pro ceIlium arch t1ankt:d on eitht:r sidt: with two boxes of dainty Moorishdesign. Connecting with tht: uppt:r boxt:s comes the gallery orfamily circle which passes aruund thrt:t: sides of the building intht: form of a horst: shoe. Tht: richly ornamented rail is bronzed
to match the prosct:niulll arch <lnd the drapt:ries of the boxes.Raising the eyt:s a little higher one sees the mu·t beautifulfeature of all, the deeply panelt:d and richly urnamentt:d ct:ilingfinished ill light tints of blue and crt:am, blending charmingly
with the flesh colored walls. The whole ceiling, c"rnice, dresscircle rail, proscenium arch, al~d boxes are prufusely studded withincandescent electric lights, giving' a most brilliant effect. The
ventilation is exct:llent and, considering that no fans are employt:d,it IS rt:ally extraordinarily perfeLl. The air is admitted directlythrough douhle rows of windows un both sides of the buildingand indirectly from three great windows on the frunt which openinto a largt: air chamber frum which cool air is diffused through
the family circle, from under every st:al. The coul air thusadmitted falls to the tloor and displaces the vitiated air which
rises and escapes through numel'llus ventilators in the ctiling.The Aoor of tht: auditorium slopes gradually from the foyer to
the stage, and is frt:e frolll steps which sometimt:s act as
stumbling blocks for the crowd to fall over afttr the play. and ofa pitch similar tll tht: Columbia of San Francisco.
The seating accommodat.ions are planned with an eye to spacious comfort. The chair themselves, which are of hard woodfinish, with arms and folding seats, are of the Widest ize made,and are placed in curved rows so far apart that people entering
tatt: can easily pass in front pf those already seated without
forcing them to rise.The aisles and foyer are covered with thick TUI klsh carpets,
which prevent any sound frolll persons walking while a playis in progress, at the same time adding to the attractivt:nt:ss of
the building.
HAWAIIA OPERA HOUSE. 103
The seating capacity of the house is 666. exclusive of thegallery, which will accommodate 3uI/ more, with ample space inthe auditorium for some 250 or more additional chairs. At theFrawley Company's presentation of "The Ensign," November28th, there were 1250 persons present.
STAGE FITTll\"(;S.
Behind the scenes the stage is fitted up as completely as anymodern theater of the same size in the Unitc-d States. ]'vIr.H.obelt Abrams, who has had life lor.g experience in fitting upstages, and has been for years connected with the BaldwinTheater in San Francisco, was engaged to attend to this important part of the work. "The stage is as fine and complete ascan be found in any large American city," says Manager Marxof the Columbia Theater, now here with the Frawley Company,"and in point of size it equals the Columbia." The latest devicesfor holding scenery substitutes the old method of grooves for theside pieces. The stage is free I'rom all irregularities. Its fittingsinclude four traps, as follows:
One, a bridge trap, extends across the back part of the stageat the rear, and is used in scenes where a rocky pass is setand the performer is supposed to g-o down hill, out of sight ofthe audience. Another is known as the "Hamlet," in the centerof the stage, and takes its name from the grave scene in thatplay. Another is knuwn as the Vampyre, and is of careful construction, opening from two sides. In the front center, andbelow is an elevator. As the performer comes up on this,the sides are drawn back, and he makes his appearance.The fourth is known as the "Star" trap, and is 'used only inpantomimes, where the Harlequin comes from below in slapbang fashion. This is made like the reversed point of a star;that is, the points meet at the center and work upwards. Thistrap is of delicate mechanism and must be geometrically correct.Thin~s that will specially endear the house to traveling com
binations is the well appointed and spacious dressing rooms.Thou~h beneath the stage, their size, and light and airy condition will do much tOlVal,l lightening the hearts of the wearythespians, who, only too often, are given a little twa-by-fourroom located way up in the flies, to reach which they are oftencompelled to climb a not too steady ladder.
104 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
Last but Jl0 least comes the scenery, which forms a most
important Pi!"t of the stage fIttings. It is a comparatively easy
matter in America for companies to carry their scenery with
them; but out here it is well nigh impossible. and they art:
obliged to rely un wha: they ..:"n find upon their arrival. Realiz
ing this, ~Ir. Irwin employed :\11'. \Vm. T. Porter, a man
well kno vn t the theatncal world as one of the finest scenic
artists of the day, his being the thirty-ninth theater he has fitted
out durin" his career. For six months he has labored incessantly,
lllitil the new Hawaiian Opera House is in possession of so
complete and perfec a set of scenes that any play presented in
the nited States can be staged here with equal scenic effect.
The outfit comprises a palace set; one each French, Gothic, oak
and plain chamber s"t; a kitchen ane! a prison set, all of from
twelve to fifteen piel':.' 'lch. and two street scenes, ancient and
modern .Then comes the extellors which include a cut wood, a garden
scene with ten wond wings and four foliage borders; one each
light and dark wood landscape; one horizon with set waters and
ground row and (our wings; a rocky pass, showing immense
cIitTs, whde in the back ground are the tall mountain peaks;falling from the various peaks and far back into a magnificent
distance are numberless water falls, intensely realistic. As a
finish to the scene there are two rows of set rocks, ont: ground
row ilnd one tail row. \Vithout doubt this is one of the finest
pieces of scenery e\'er placed on a stage,
The set pieces consist of two houses, two cottages, balustrade,
garden walls and trees, Then there art: foliage borders, rustics,
panels, and a full set each of straight and arched sky borders.
The frame to the stage is made up of grand and straight draperies
and torment"r wings \ handsome corridor scene will be used
in the second entr<lnce when changes are nect:ssary during an
act, as, in days of JJlodern stage arrangements, the old-fashioned
wings in an interiur scene. behind which a performer makes his
entrance or exit, is done away With and to the audience a cham·
bel' III the palace will appear as uf three solid and natural walls
In a room.
HAWAIIAN OPERA HOUSE.
ELECTRICAl. FITTI:-;I;S. ETC.
105
Mention is to be made of the electric lights and effects, which,with many important details, have been constructed by theHawaiian Electric Co. In all there are some 800 lights through.out the house. Three hundred aJl(i eighty border lights occupythe space above the stage. These ;lIe placed in fi~'e rows ofseventy· six lamps e;lch, alternating led, white and blue globes.The prosce ium has a row of thirt), ..:1=<11" white lights, and thefoot·lights also consist of sevent ··five lamps with alternating;'ed, white and blue globes. Tht: objtLt of these colored globesin the borders and foot-lights is to obtain the beautiful effectsof the changes from sunnse ttl hmad daylight and again tosumet or twilight.
The auditorium is lighted with I ~5 lights in the metal ceilingand seventy eight double brackets around the gallery and walls.The foyer has three larg~ ,:handeliers and the same number havebeen placed at the entranCL. Under the balcony a large cluster 01
lights furnishes ample illumination for that part of the building.For the purpose of dec('ratln!:::. ~!1{) t'Xlra lights may be placedabove the gallery, for "'hi,:11 wile" have ueen laid.
The stage is provided with two "f Colt's latest pattern electriccalcium lights for USt when a particularly strong light is neededto heighten the e tct of the "cent:, and another for throwing alight from the balcony to some one object on the stage. Thestage connection may also be used for bunch stands whichsupply thirty-six additIOnal lights.
The boxes are lighted with clusters of lamps al:d in each ofthe dressing rooms two thirty-two· candle power lamps have beenplaced at each mirror.
In wiring the building the utmost care has been paid to avoidall risk of fire through the wires coming in contact with thewnodwork. Their entrance to the theater is made by undergroundconduits leading to tile cut-outs, which are placed on marbleslabs, and from there they are led to a switch board of polishedmarble. By this board the lights are controlled. The switchesare of the noisele~s knife pattern, finished in antique bronze; each
circuit also has its separate dimmer besides which there is onelarge dimmer for the auditorium. The fixtures throughout the
106 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
auditorium are of polished brass, with the glass shade coloredto harmonize with the wall and ceiling- tints.
The lower private boxes each have 'ide doors openin~ outw.ardand, with the large double doors of the auditorium on eat:h sideof the building and wide double front doors, ample room isafforded for convenient and rapid exit in case of ell1erg'ency.There are al 0 three doors in the rear of the building, two con·necting with the stage and one with the dressing rooms beneath.
The contract for rebuilding' the theater was awarded to Mr.Geo. 'vV. Lincoln on competitive bid. and work was cummencedby him February 15th. The paintin~ and decorating portiun ofthe work was carriec! out by '\[r. E. C. Rowe, and the satisfactoryfedin~ expressed by the ~en ral public indicates the faithfulnessof their labors.
:<I·:-OPI·:,\I\;'; 0',' Till·: !lCll·"'·:.
The re-openin~ of the new Opera House, which occurcdaturday evenll1g, :\ovember ith, was made a decidedly society
event, frum which will date a new epoch in the history ofHonolulu. [t was quite in keeping with its name that theinitial performance should be an opera, and it was a fortuitouscombination of circumstances which rendered it possible forour "Hawaiian ;\ig'hten~ale," :'Iliss Annis i\lontague, (Mrs.Cha . Turner) to gather around her for weeks of carefultraining so talented a company of amateurs as to present, so:5uccessfullya was done, Verdl's Grand Opera, "II Trovatore."The house was crowded with our tropic city's elite, in full dress,in recognition of the event. Altogether it was a congratulatoryoccasion wherein the audience, in the happiest of moods, testified their appreciation, (a) uf the beaut)' and comfort of the house:(b) of Mr. Porter's master· piece, the drup curtain; (c) of i\lessrsIrwin and 'preckels' provision of this need in our isolated community, which was attested in an addless by j\ilr. T. R. 'vValkeron behalf of the publit:. and responded to appreciatingly byi\h. Irwin for his absent partners in the enterprise, for Mrs.Irwin ami himself. The scenit: artist also met with unmistakable recognition of his labors and was compelled to respond in abrief speech. With su appreciativ an audience it goes withoutsayinj; that the ovation to :\1 is' Annis i\lontague wa by no
HAWAIIAN OPERA HOUSE. 107
means stinted. It must have recalled similar triumphant sceneswhen winning the laurels gained in her operatic tours in variousparts of the world, and in a measure recompensed her for theelf imposed task of train;n~ the necessary company to present
this standard opera; and in the sUCCeSs scored by Mn;. 'vV. 'vV.Dimond, Miss Bertha Youn~ and the other members in theirseveral parts-was but the crowning recog-nition of her soundjudgment.
The following program shows the caste on the uccasion.
GRAND OPERA NIGHTComplimentary to Mr. and 1\Irs. \V. G. Irwin
TENDERED
tly the Musicians of lIonolulu on the Occasion of the Opening of theNew Ilawaiian Opera House
SATURDAY :\IGHT, NOVEMBER 7, 1~\Hi
VERDI'S G RAN I) OPEHA
IL TROV ATOREUnder tke Direction of Annis Montague
Luna
Lc:onoraAzucenaInezCount DeFerrandoManrico
Mr. Paul R.
ATE:\llss A:-INIS \IONTAGliE
:\1RS. W. \"'. ()DIOXIl
:\1ISS BEKTlIA YOUNG
:\1 R R C MOXTEAGLE
:\1 K ERNEST Ros.
:\111. WILLI.HI L.EWERS
:'I'lusical Conductor. IIENRI I3EKUE~
Isenbef/;{ has kindly consented to sing the. 'erenadebehind the scenes and in the \1 i erere.
This was succeeded by an evening with Thespus in the rendition of "Jane," also by local amateur talent, followed the sameweek by a night with Nat. Goodwin's Company in "The GildedFool," as they were returning to the Coast frem their Australiantour.
At the present writin~ the theater-goers of this city are enjuy.ing a season of drama and high class comedy as presented bythe Frawley Company, under the management of Melville Marx.This company, comprising nineteen performers, arrived here bythe Australin, November 17th, from San Francisco, and opened
IU~ flA It'AllAN AXNUAL,
with the society play, "The \Vift," the samt t\'ening-, to a fullhouse. This is the largest Itgitimate thtdlric'Ij company thatHonolulu has been favored with, and the m.ll"ked SlICCtSS whichhas attended them throughout will allay all future fears a:~ to
financial results to largt companies-provided they are first class.At the pre~cntation of "Tht Ensign," WIr. rrawley, in acknowledgment of the patl'llnage hestowed, stated that it was their
"banner house;" that in tht history of the Frawley Company,they IVete playing to the l,ugest amount of money they had eVtrplayed to, and that thty Wtre so pltased with plact and peopltthat next September would see them back again.
During their season which will end with tht dtparturt of tht:\1<11'iposa, Dtcember 10th, thty have given three evening andont mati net performance each week.
THE GENESIS ANI> EVOLUTION OF HONOLULU'S
DAILIES,
From the I-!tdida\' :"lIlllber, (1&),.) "f the !:\'l'llillg: Hulletill.
G'1~C' i\:\Y readers are douhtless familiar with the fact that"2:1;1 one of S<ln Francisco's Itading papers had its origin;;:/~~ in the grdtuitlons hand bills of the city's theaters.
Some n\·:tls occasionally rder, tauntingly, to its
humble ong-in lest it htUlllle so inflated with its successfulgrowth as to forget s,' illlpolta!lt a matter as Its birth. Others,
ag,lin, refer ((\ it hopefully, that success might crown their laborsin the journalistic field in iI similar manner.
The maxim of tally school days that "tall oaks from little
acorns grow" was certainly exemplified in the case mentioned,but, no more so than has "een experienced under our own eyesin this modest city of the mid· Pacific. as I recall tht genesis ofthe daily press (If Honoluiu, uf which the E~'C:llilig Blll/etili is
the legitimate offspring, and in a double Stnse rightly claims
pioneer'hip in the fitld.Those now connected \\';Ih it hilve C>lme to thtir labors since
its estahlishing and, S,lve tht editor·in<hief. all within a com·
paratively recent ptriod, th'Llgh the journal only claim s to be
HONOLULU'S DAILIES 109
in its fourteenth year. It is not their province, therefore, to tellof the hands that planted the "acorn" that has so developed asto produce this tree whose branches of knowledge, as found inits holiday issue, afford satisfaction to numerous readers, northe peculiar conditions of soil which germinated the seed.
The origin of the Evening Bulletill properly ante dates itsprinted issue by many years, and in as I;umble a way as canwell be imagined. Editor Logan .gave a brief history of hispaper a few years ago, but said little or 11llthil1g "f the circum·stances that led to its establishment: douhtless for the gaud andsufficient reason already mentioned.
The advent of the Commercial Advertiser as a daily lIewspaper,
was almost simultaneous with the appearance of the DailyBulletill, so as to give the former journal a semblance of claimto pioneership in the daily field, as hi'S been asserted on seve,raloccasions. Stubborn facts. however, will not bear out theclaim, since iis first issue as a daily was on "-lay 1st, 11:iK;J.
It will interest some readers and instruct many others to learnthe I'{ent:sis and evolution of Honolulu's dailies. as the particularsmay be gathered from the following reminiscent sketch.
Few residents, probably, see any Cvf l~ecli,JI1 between thedaily Post Office bulletin, showing the illr;,.,1 or vesst:ls and timeof the closing of mails, and our daily ne\\'spapers, yet it is sodirect that but one connecting link, as will be shown, cumpletesthe chain.
To fully understand the origin and causes leading to thp evolution of our daily newspaper, it is to In: sti led tha prior to theerection of the present Post OH,ce building, the adjoining struc·ture, Honolulu Hale, was used jointly by the postal authorities,and by H. M. Whitney. A partition assigned the Fwa ornorthern side to the·Post Office, and the vVaikiki or southernside to Mr. \Nhitney's stationery, news and book business, asalso the office of the Pacific COll/lllercial Ad,'ertiser which heestablished July :l, 18:.6. These circumstances naturally led toits recognition as the central point to which all business menand many ol.hers, bent their way each morning before settlingdown to the duties of the day, partly to ledl'll what vesst:l, if any,had arrived; what mail was to be had or news to be gathered.In the early days, the established marine signal station on this
110 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
building, which subsequently gave place to the Bell TelephoneCompany's central office tower, enabled the Post Office bulletinto have chronicled, besides the mall closing notices, the additionalintelligence of vessels arrived, or signalled, as is done to this day.
I am unable at present to affix the initial date of this first stepin the issuance of a daily, thoegh Postmaster Oat recentlyunearthed one dated February 5, 1866, and can only arrive atthe date of its next stage, approximately. These bulletins wereposted up every week-day morning on the Ewa side door.
From this custom above referred to, grew the "Daily MarineBulletin" of Mr. H. M. v\'hltney, a manuscript sheet or posterwhich was posted up daily, except Sundays, on the oppositedoor from the Post Office bulletin, and besides the record ofmarine intelligence, arrivals, departures de facto and projected,passenger lists, etc., brief items of local events in business orsocial circles found place. Little was thought, at the time, ofthis one page written bulletin being the next step in order towardthe foundation of the· Bulletin whose enterprise, despite its setbacks, has made ib special holiday edition a possibility. Hence,
preservation was neglected, and the correct date is not sody determined as if the copy could be referred to, but if
memory serves me rightly it was in the year 1~71, or possibly1870. Mr. Whitney himself dates it as following his sale of theCommercial A dvertiser and printing office to Black & Auld,which occurred in the latter part of September, 1870.
From a wholly written bulletin, it changed in time to a printedtitle with headings for its ~everal departments and enlarging tofull sheet cap.
As rivals have developed in the newspaper field to-day, sothere grew in time, a rival news agents' manuscript daily. whichbore the euphonic title of "Daily Commercial Bulletln_" Thisbegan November I I, P" I, and contin ued in existence two years,covering the interesting periods of Kamehameha Vth. and Luna.lila interregnums.
The successors to Mr. Whitney's stationery and news business,continued the issuance of his "Daily Marine Bulletin," and itwas in their time, under the name of J. VV. Robertson & Co., thatthe first printed issue of the" Daily Bulletin" appeared, Februaryl st, 1882. This had gratuitous distribution among the business
AN EPISODE IN HONOLULU HARBOR. III
houses of the city. Like its predecessors it was a one page affair,four columns in width, and appears very insignificant besidethe regular issues of its eight page successor of to-day. Towardthe close of the month, advertisements were printed on thesecond or back page. March 1st, it was enlarged to fivecolumns and printed regularly on both sides, but still a singlesheet, and distributed g-ratis till March 20th, when notice of asubscription charge of twenty-five ce:1ts a month appeared. OnApril 24th, with the announcement of H. L. Sheldon as editor,it issued as a full fledged four page six column daily, with subscription price unaltered. Pne week later, on May 1st, 1882,appeared the first issue of the Daily COlllmercial Advertiser.With the growth of the city and busines ::>f the islands, the dailypress has kept close pace, for we now have one morning andthree evel11ng pap~r. in English, and two dailie in Hawaiian.It is not to be denied that political differences have largelyinfluenced this growth and change, more so perhaps than legitimate business enterprise. But this is not the point of interestwith which I purposed to deal; of course it is in the line of ournewspaper evolution, but space for the present suffices only forthe genesis of our <i.aily papers, which, I trust will be foundappropriate, and of interest.
Thos. G. Thrlllll.
AN EPISODE IN HONOLULU HARBOR IN' 1845.
As narrated by the late Captain Thomas Spencer, a participant.
o the 10th. day of October, 1H-l!\, the ship Colifornia ofNew Bedford, Captain Georg," Lawrence, (first officer ThomasSpencer) laying at anchor in the harbor of Honolulu wasattacked by a body of -10 men armed to the teeth. Theyattempted to bO<lrd the vessel, h!lving" prevIOusly secured theCaptain in the fort. The storming party was repulsed anddriven into the se<.l,· the gall,lIlt chargers coming up withouttheir muskets. Returning to tht shore they embarked about:WO meo and loaded six cannon that was on the ramparts of thefort and pointtd them at the ship. Coming within a ship'slength of the vessel they laid there fnr an hour, then finallywithdrew. The facts are, they could never have boarded us.The ship WdS defended by thirty-five as good men as ever trod thedeck. There is a history about this al-Tair and it should be told.
[Oll1cial corre 'pont!ence ,haws quite another ,·erSlon.furnish a Chapter of interesl fur a fUlure issue.
The subject willED. ANNUAL.]
11"11 '! I! '~I ., I '1111' 1),\~llil~.
HIST()~IC ~E 'IDE 'CEo
- I. CE public attentloll h'h been dl<lwn t I the "old misssion
house" by the press II II 1I101ulll. lllUC'] Illterest has been
"-[' manifest ill what h,,~ ht:<':11 kn<l\\'Il, ~tnel,t1ly, as the
• Cooke homestead." <It KaW<llahall. III tills City, but which
seems to claim simrl.JJ" thrllu~h hi it fer lies upon other weil
known families of mi,.,slon ,tnc<.:,.,try. slnc<.: II \\',tS the first wooden
residence en:cted 111 H 1I1lliulu anti h l~, h-::lefllre, served as
birthplace and home fOi the BIIl~h,tll1s. rhlll~I"Il"', Armstrong- ,
Judds, Chamberlains. Ilalls ,tnd Co"kes.
Residents of Hun ,lulu t, tI,ly lilld It dillicult to picture
the tOWIl as it exi.ted 111 I ":! I, either as I) i ,.. ~ellel 'II appear
ance; the privations experlellced III house keeplll~, or the
discomforts from its then Isol,tt<.:d P"SIIIllll SiX to nine months
from source of supplies. It was simply a \'illag-e of thatched
huts, streetless for the most part, and barren of trees save the
groves of cocoa-nuts and occasional hau alld kOll trees that
AN HISTORIC RESIDENCE. 113
margined the shore. As late as 1828 a writera describes thetown as "a mass of brown huts, lookirlg like so many hay-stacksin the country; not olle white cottage, no church spire, not agarden nor a tree to be seen save the grove of cocoanuts."
It has ever been the fashioll with non-sympathizers in thechristian Civilization at work in these islands to rail at themissionaries and their labors, but until their influence had achance to exerci:e its beneficent effect in the minds of King andthe high chids, no foreigner ~Irtred to erect a house of any kindwlthuut r<))'al permission, nor could anyone hold any fee simpletitle to real estate In the country till Kauikeaouli (KamehamehaI I I), influenced by the much maligned "missionary clique" inpower was induced to concede these rights not only to nativebut to foreign born residents alike.
It was under such conditlLlns, and in conformity with theexisting rules of the court, that Rev. H. Bingham, (father of ourpresent townsm:tn), in February lW! I, applied to Liholiho,(Kamehameha II) fur permis ion to provide the mission familiesw(th more cumLlrtable accol11modatinns than the grass hutsafforded, to which he got thi' significant reply: "My father neverallowed a foreigner to build a house in 's country except for theking." The American Board had sent out the frame andmaterial for a two story dwelling, from Boston, and its comfortsand conveniences were sorely needed. A second request metwith a more emphatic refusal, though he afterwards consented,but directed that work thereon should be deferred several weekstill he should return from Maul. This is known to haveoCCUlTed .about a month later and is our nearest date for thecommencement of activities.
An observant chronicler}" in referring to this event in theearly history of the mission, states, that some time after theking's refusal he was again applied to by two of the missionarieswho were accompanied by their wives. He again gave anegative repiy,. but while retiring and saying aloha to thenumerous members of the royal household one of the ladies putin her feeble plea, ·in a broken language, as she stepped to theelbow of the king, when he, quick to discover and appreciate her
• Honolulu, Laura Fish Judd, P"l::t 2.b Life and Times of Lucy G. Thurston, pp. 57-8.
114 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
want immediately replied, "Ye ,build." This incident was notspoken of till several days after when the king and several chiefscalled and sat with the mis 'ion family at t.,ble, where, in thepresence of all, he expres ed his full approbation of their erectingthe house.
The digging of the cellar was said, by slanderous foreigners,to be for the purpose of storing firearm;; and ammunition, aproof that the missionaries were spies in the lanel with designson the country, and by similar stories sought to poison thenative mind; arouse their fears, and produce" feeling of enmity.As a result it i said that guns on Punch howl were trainedon the suspicious excavatiuns, but gradually the natives sawthrough the fallacy of all such reports. At last the housewa completed and, as the present .Ir. Bingham says, "thefamilies all moved in. All, fur there was nu other place forthem; and for years it was the home of the mission." BesidesRev. H. and Mrs. Hingham, Rev. Asa Th urston and wife, andMr. Dan'l Chamberlain (the farmer) and family were ilt the timelocated in Ilonolulu to comprise the "all" who moved in. Uponits completion the king made a call dressed in his best, and in hi ..be t humor. He examined the house thrdughout and wadelighted with it and expressed the wish that tile good people ofAmerica would send hlln a huuse three stories high.
Mrs. Thurston gives this de 'criptlve account of it. c "Thewooden structure had been reared and finished, having boardfloors, glass windows, and two flights of stairs, one leadingup chamber, and the other down cellar. The front door openedinto the hall, which extended through the house. At the right,on entering, was the large common receiving room. On theleft, my own private apartment. The twu back rooms on eitherside of the hall, were for the accommod<ltion of two otherfamilies. The table was spre<ld in the basel1lent, and the cookhouse was separated a little distance from the house. Ourfamilies had entered and made it our home. The royal partywith a large retinue came to view a thing so unique. * *Then the room! It was lighted up with two glass windows.The floor and trimmings were painted. A friend gave us some
< Lift: and Timt:> of Lucy G. Thurston, pa!(t: 0:1.
AN HISTORIC RESIDENCE. 115
paper to cover its walls, just such as he happened to have, delicate and gay,-its color pink, its vines tinsel."
Naturally the premises were continually crowded, not only bythe mission family occupants but by the frequent visits of theroyal family, the high chiefs and throngs of common people aswell as resident and visiting foreigners. Much of the time itwas necessary to spread the dining room table three times aday for fifty people. On the arrival of Dr. and Mrs.Judd in 1828,the latter statesd • "It is no marvel that Mr. and Mrs. B. lookthin and careworn. Besides the care of her own family, Mrs.B. boarded and taught English to a number of native and halfcaste children and youth. Fancy her, in the midst of thesecares receiving an order from the King to make him a dozenshirts, with ruffled bosoms, followed by another for a whole suitof broadcloth."
This illustrates, in a measure, the difficulties of housekeepingin early days, and the "servant girl" question cuts no figure inthe premises, though it is evident their want was felt more keenlythan now. The water question in the Kawaiahao section of townin those days was solved by well digging to obtain but brackishwater, while "the week's wash" was carried to the valleystreams to have the life of the clothes pounded out by stones.Thus, housekeeping in the early mission days was not all thatfancy, at times, painted it.
It is a matter of record to the cred it of a people just emergingfrom heathenism, that no violence was threatened, or insultoffered by any native to any inmate of this, or any other homefor that matter, save in one instance by a drunken priest atKailua, Hawaii; while on the other hand they have on severaloccasions rendered timely aid to mission families in repellingunwarranted 'lttacks by foreigners. This house-of which weare dealing-was, on the occasion of the visit of the U. S. S.Dolphin, in 1826, the scene of a serious riot by her crew, in which,however, several of the sailors themselves received severe injuries,while Mr. and Mrs. Bingham and child, the chiefs and othernatives that had gathered in their defence escaped unhurt.·
d Honolulu, by Laura Fish Judd, page 16.e Bingham's Sandwich lilands, pp. 286-9.
J 16 HA lVAllA/ AN.\'VAL.
It would be of interest at this time tfl be able to present 111
chronological order the various families that of right haveclaimed this "first mission house" a~ their home. As has beenmentioned, the Judds became Its inmate, on their arrival in JH28,
and were residents there till eMly 111 the "forties," when theymoved across the way to the adobe building afterwards occupiedby the Rev. E. \V. CI'lI'k. now torn down, and part of theKawaiahao Seminary plell1ise~.
It has been said that an Armstrong and a Bingham wereborn here on the same day. This was dUling the "thirties", theArmstrongs arriving at the~t Islands in Iltl:!. The familyimmediately preceding the Cooke's occupan 'y. claiming it ashome were the Halls, it bell1g the IJli,thpl.lce of our presentworthy townsman \Vm. \V. lIal1. :\lr. and :\Irs. A. S ('ooke,andfamily moved to it from the l{oyal sch<)o! premises, (In PalaceWalk, about the year 11'\;,0, and the house h.ls since been knownby their honored name, though unoccupied the pa~t few years.
The October, I '96, meeting of the Il.\\\',liian . Iishion Childrens' (or "cousins") Society was made memorabk by beingheld in this house around which cluster so many histOrIC memories, for which occasion It was "lit from cellotr to garret." Theevening was made thOillughly reminiscent, not only by thepre ent H. Bingham's narration of '·the story of the house,"but in the personal experiences and recollection~ given byseveral other of the "cousins" present, much of which lVas humo,rouS and all intensely IntereHlI1g. Of course, as with all houseshaving c llars and garrets, whose dark corners seem to possessremarkable accumulati\'e powers, consequently a peculiar charmand fascination for youngsters gifted with the "bump ofcuriosity," not a few vi\·id memories centered around these nooksot the old homestead. :\Iessrs Hingham and Cooke referred tothe attractions of the little garret into which it was possible tocrawl through an outside window. and there in dust .Ind silenceto view many of the idol relics of ancient days gone now,nobody knows where.
As on many occasions 111 the early days of the house, \l,
capacity of accommodation was taxed on the evening of themeeting above mentioned. There had been intimations giventhat it was likely to be demolished In the near future. Th!s
AN HISTORIC RESIDENCE. 117
fact, with a general invitation for all persons interested to bepresent, whether members of the society, or not, drew out manyothers, visitiDg strangers among the number, so that "standingroom was at a premium." Various projects were suggested toinsure its preservation. The building as a whole, and especially the timbers, were observed to be in good condition. Thisobservation led several to remark that it would be unfortunateto tear down a structure around which was clustered associations of the first advancement of the Hawaiian nation along thelines of civilization-a structure whose doors had admitted dailythe kings and chiefs of olden times. But this was not thesubject of the evenings' meeting and was not dealt with.
Several members of "the old homestead" were present, andas Mrs. Montague-Turner, responding to the desire for a musicalselection, rendered "Home, sweet" Home," most feelingly, itcould not but recall to many the musical influence whichthis home has exercised in our island community.
The premises were recently sold at auction to wind up theestate of the Irlte "Mother" Cooke, but it is still in the family,having been bought by A. Frank Cooke. The statement is nowmade that the building will not be demolished, for the present
.at least, and in evidence of the fact It is bei'lg reshingled, andotherwise repaired for another lease of life. Our illustrationshows the homestead as it appeared in November, l896.
THE ROYAL PALfl.
The following description of the Royal palm, of which somany are lending their beauty to the attractiveness of Honolulu,is from Clarence King's article, "Fire and Sword in Cuba", ina recent number of The FurulII, and is as applicable to this landof its adoption as in the 'Nest Indies.
"The landscape is unique because of the Royal Palm. * ** Either in straight avenues or in self sown groves it is atree that cannot fail to arrest the eye. The lofty trunk is absolutely vertical and as smooth and straight as if turned. Noscars of growth mar its marvellous Ionic shaft, which is of adelicate pale gray (white in the sunlight) up to the great tuftof long, flexible, sensitively-balanced lronds of deep, highlypolished green. The slightest breeze sets their great plumeswaving and singing.
JI
HAWAII'S OL.DEST RESIDEI T.
LIFE HIS10RY 01 KIPOOI Ell .\I'\l. A(oI·.1) J:!~ YEAR.
From the aC(OUnf of the (;eneral 'lIl'erinlcnJent "f vnsu..;. l'ublisheJ
in the I'. C. A,""rl"••. lJe(ell1her I), 1&)6.
~N the mauka or upper side of King' treeL near the Haa
. Iiliamanu bridge, amid a collection of dilapidated struct.J urI's at the rear of stores and shops frontin~ the road,
and reached by a mtrrow alley, is located the dwellingof the olde. t resident of these islands-as discovered by therecent census work of this city.
Mr. A. T. Atkinson. General Superintendent of the Census,makes the following' statement, which is verified by PI f. W. D.Alexander and ~Irs. E. ~1. ;\akuina.
Among the returns received by the Census Bureau were manywhich gave ag'es of natives varying- from 100 to 110 or so.These cases I had investi;<ated by the district superintendents,but when I came aeros an old lady in Honolulu who claimedto be 114 years of age. I thought it .was time to make investigations on my own accoun .
To carry out this investigation I asked Prof. Alexander andMrs. akuina to accompany me. Prof. Alexander has a wldeworld reputation as an historian of the I lands, as a man ofexact thought and of the highest culture. Mrs. ;\akuina is anHawaiian lady of high cultivation, both in English and herown language, and has also a very thorough knowledge of thehistory of the country. For myself, my training as a newspapereditor has made me ready to watch facts, and a long period ofwork as Inspector General of Schools has forced me to valueevidence .and weigh it carefully.
I give the above statement, because 1 wi. h the deductions wehave made to bear the stamp of exactitude, the case being apeculiar one and likely to be doubted.
HAWAII'S OLDEST RESIDENT. 119
On entering the house we found the old lady sitting upon thefloor. She was attended by two women, one of whom was thewife of a grandson. She was very deaf and though not blind,could not see very clearly, though when r held a dollar in myhand she saw it, put out her hand for it, and placed it in herpocktt. This was at the close of the interview, but r mentionit here to show what the old lany's faculties were.
Prof. Alexander, after some preliminary remarks, in order notto alarm the old lady, suggested a number of historical questions,which were put by Mrs. Nakuina. From those we learned thatshe remembered the abolition of idolatry, that she rememberedthe war in that connection. She stated that she was a marriedwoman and an attendant of Kapiulani I, when the latter descended into the crater uf Kilauea and broke the tabu, and 'thather name was changed from Ktpoolele to Apau in consequenceof the event. She remembertd Keoua being killed at Kawaihae,This occurred in 1791. The tvent is thus described in Alexander's History of the Hawaiian People, on page 132, which says:"Tow~d the end of the year I HI I two of Kamehameha's chief
counselors, Kamanawa and Keawtaheulu, were sent on anembassy to Keoua at Kahuku in Kau. Keoua's chief warriorurged him to put them to death, which he indiginantly refusedto do.
"By smooth speeches and fair promises they persuaded himto go to Kawaihae and have an interview with Kamehameha, inorder to put. an end to the 'war, which had lasted nine years.Accordingly he set out with his own double canoe, accompaniedby Keaweheulu, in another canoe, and followed by friends andretainers in other canoes.
"As they approached the landing at Kawaihae, Keeaumokusurrounded Keoua's canoe with a number of armed men. AsKamakau relates: "Seeing Kamehameha on the beach, Keouacalled out to him: 'Here r am,' to which he replied: 'Rise upand come here, that we may know each other."
"As Keoua was in the act of leaping ashore, Keaumoku killedhim with a spear. All the men in Keoua's canoe and in thecanoes of his immediate company were slaughtered but one.But when the second division approached Kamehameha gaveorders to stop -the massacre. The bodies of the slain were then
120 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
laid upon the altar of Puukohola as an offering to the bloodthirsty divinity of Kukailimoku. That of Keoua had been previ.ously baked in an oven at the foct of the hill as a last indignity.This treacherous murder made Kamehameha master of thewhole Island of Hawaii, and was the first step toward theconsolidation of the group under one Government. But asFornander says: "\Ve may admirt tht tdifict whost foundationhe (Kamehameha) laid, but Wt must note that one of its cornerstones is laid in blood:"
Finally she voluntetred the information that she rememberedthe digging of the wtll in Kau, and that she was a child at thetime, similar to a child running about the house, a child ofbet\yeen 6and 7. This event occurred in 17<1, and i describedin Fornander's History.
This would make her 122 years old, according to exact calculation, but it is quite permissable to allow her a couple of yearsmore, as she claims.
I followed up another mtthod of investigation and inquiredhow many children she had, tracing- their descendants. This Iwas enabled to do to the fifth generation. Allowing the ordinary30 years for a generation, four g-tntrations would give 120 yearsand we can easily allow four years for the fifth bringing out herage at what she claims by an entirely different method ofinvestigation. vVe were, therefore, satisfied that the old ladyhad spoken tht truth.
What a curious link with the pa t she is. She must have beena little toddling child when Capl. Cook came to the Islands.
he has seen the monarchy of Hawaii consolidated and she hasseen its fall. Sht rtmains to-day a monum.ent of the past, butone which must soon g-lidt away and pass to the great unknown.
Mrs. Nakuina, at ?l1r. Atkinson's request, visited the old ladyon several occasions, and has elicited the following facts:
IIISTORY OF KEI'OOLELE APAU.
She was born in Keahialaka, in Puna, Hawaii, and was about6 years old when Kamehameha made tht attempt to sink a wellat Kalae, in Kau.
Kepoolele, her first namt, was called after a chief, Kaiakauilani, brother to Haalou, who was Kaahumanu's mother. This
HA1~/ATl'S OLDEST RESIDENT. 121
Kaiakauilani was accused of having caused the death of somehigh chiefs by sorcery, and' a petitiun was ~ade to the King tohave his head cut off as a dangerous character, hence the nameKepoolele (the dissevered head).
Her secone! name of Apau, by which she has been knownlongest, was given to her in commemoration of KapioJani's visitto the crater of Kilauea, and her defiance to Pde, when it wasgenerally prophesied that Kapiolani would be swallowed bodilyby Pele for her temerity. Apau mean "'you will be ate up."She was a woman grown at the time she received the name.
Her father's name was Kapa, afterward Piena. Kapa wascalled after the mother-of-pearl flsh· huok of Kaleiopu u (otherwiseKalaniopuu). Kapa was born durin~ a fishing expedition of theKing of that name, Kapa's father bein~ a head fisherman ofPuna at the time and thus the name to commemorate that visitof the King. Her mother's name was Kanealoha. They werefisherfolks.
During childhood she lived mostly in Puna, with occasionalVisits to Rilo, and more rarely to Kau. She distinctly remembers seeing Kamehameha during- thl' attempt to sll1k the well atKalae. Also remembt:red Keoua's last visit to Puna to raiserecruits to go to war with Kamehameha, just before he wasinduced to go and meet the latller at Kawaihae, where he wastreacherously put to death and uffered in sacrifice for the dedicatior. of the Heiau at Puukohola. The incident of Keoua's visitwas fixed on her mind by the extra efforts made by her fatherto find unusul hiding places, in which to stowaway his family,so they would not be discovered by the King's messengers, andthus be compelled to betray his own. All the well known cavesand usual places of resort being useless for that purpose.
Apau was a full grown woman when Kapiolani and aihewent from Kona to Kau to cut sandalwood. Naihe remained inKau with the workmen, but Kapiolal1l extended her trip to Hiloby way of Puna, where she saw and took a liking to the sub'ectof this sketch, and made an aikane of her (a friend with privileges of an own sister-a sort of second self), and according tothe custom of those days, took her back with her on her returnto Kona. Apua did not see Puna again for many years.
122 HAWAlIAN ANNUAL.
Kamike, the daughter-in-law of Apau, tells of the familytradition of Apau's great beauty as' a young woman and up tothe time she was disfigured by being poisoned. Her personalbeauty was such that Kapiolani ordered her hair cut and combedto fall evenly over her face to her nose (a sort of ancient forerunner to the modern bangs), and she was required by heraugust friend and mistress to always dress her hair in that style,that is, falling like a veil before and half way down her face.The cautious chiefess, having fears as to the firmness andstability of her lord's recent conversion to Christianity prudentlythought, no doubt, that the constant and familiar presence ofunusual beauty was rather distracting, and tended to weaken
. the good and virtuous resolutions of a chief heretoforeaccustomed to have a wish gr<ltified as soon as expres ed.
Apau was converted to Christianity with Kapiolani, and bothwere taught letters along with the whole household. Theywere first taught from a haole (English) book and afterwardsfrom a native ont:o She has been a constant reader of the Bibleuntil about two years agoo when her sight failed, and when inthe mood can repeat almost whole chapters.
Kapiolani would not permit her protege to have a husband formany years, but after repeated entreaties by a member of herown household added to those of Apau herself, she consented.Just before the marriage was to take place Kawika, who was acook in the family of the missionary who was Kapiolani's religious teacher, told his master he had obtained favors from Apauand she ought to become his wife, as he loved her.
The teacher pleaded Kawlka's cause with Kapiolani and Naihe,and although Apau strenuously denied the fact of favors givenor received from Kawika, she was ordered by that very religiousand perhaps over-zealous lady to marry Kawika.
She had to obey, and was ma.-ried to him, but always resentedthe fact of having to live with a man she did not love, who, shemaintains to the present day, told a lie in the matter of herconduct, just to obtain her.
Three children were the fruit of that marriage; the last a girl,Makui, lived to womanhood and died about 20 years ago. Soonafter the birth of the girl she had a chance to viSIt her parentsat Puna, and went there. She did not return to her husband,who finally obtained a divorce from her.
HAWAII'S OLDEST RE !DENF. 123
After their divorce th~y became quite friendly. He sent hera present of some raw fish, which she claims was poisoned. foras soon as she ate of it her lips and no e began to Itch and swell.In a little while the swelling ~xtended all over her face andhead, and was only relieved when running sores formed. Shewas sick a long time. finally going to H ilo for medical treatment.Her husband was, living there, and th~ missi~naries go~ afterthem both and induced them to consent to live together again.
They were n:·married by Mr. Coan, and the child now livin lY ,
Kalauao, was the fruit uf that uniun. Apau was by this timepermanently disfigur~d. The child was left with th~ grandparents while the father and moth'~r w~nt to Waimea, Kohala,in the service of the missionary.
After some time a chief died in Honolulu, and Apau came tothe wailing. She seized her opportunity and never relurn~d toh~r husband.
In Honolulu she first lived in Ka~o's lot on Maunakea street,on the Waikiki side, between King and !-Iolel. She, witholhers, washed for the shipping and also sewed for a living',having been thoroughly taught in thuse domestic duties in thehousehold of K..lpiolani, as well as during her service under themissionaries.
After some years she moved to Kaaione's lot on the Ewa sideof the same street, and lived with her sister and brother.in·law,after moving to Kapuukolo. below King str~et. H~re a woman,called Paele, who, it is believed is ~till living and al Ewa, washer friend and co-laborer in the laundry bu iness.
This Paele was the first native to be taken With small-pox onthe Hawaiian Island. Apau claims Paele got lhe infectionfrom a bundle of clothes from the ships for which they washed.Everyone around them was stricken with the disease, butApau escaped entirely, though sh~ continued to live in the infected quarter, to care for or to prepare for burial her rdativesand friends.
The old lady made the remark when telling of her immunityfrom small-pox that God did not care to inflict her with thatdisease, as she was already disfigured by the man whom thechiefs, acting by advice of their religious teachers, had compelledher to take, and that he knew she had suffered enough. Her
124- HAWAliA AN VAL.
husband, in the meantime, h td obtained another divorce fromher and re·man-ied.
When her son, Kal<luao, came to H nolulu tf' live, she movedup t ahout where s e i livin:.i n w. lIer son was b rn s metime before the volcanic eruption, when the lava flowed toKumukahi.
Apau continued to take in washing- till very recent years,when the Chinamen. having- ahsorhed all that business, she
confined herst:lf to such w. shin~ for her son's family and otherwork as was needed. Two )'edl's .1~O she slipped in a bath room
whereby a b ne was dislocated ilnd she has been a cripple everII1ce. She i confident th.lt if she Il<ld not had that fall he
would have been still able to be useful. She is getting' purblind.but her general health is g-ood dnd her appetite fair.
~ETROSPEC'I' FOR 1896.
Ji flA 'vV A I I h<ls enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity the
~·l"" past yt...tr, with freedum from epidemic disease or dis·'<t"~ astrous storm: f.lvuted ,dso with a comp<lratlvt:lr uni·
form distributIOn uf ralJlfdll throughout the varioudistricts of the islands-with one or two excepti0n -which has
been greatly beneficial to the .tgricultural and grazing interestsof the country; blessed also with hig-her market rates for herproduce than hds prev.liled for sometime past, and with alarger crop of sug-ar turned out for .export, all these have com.bined to tender the year I '!Hi one of material progress.
LEGISLA·tl\'E.
The regular session of the legislature convened February 19th,
and closed its labors June 15th. ~Iuch work had been plannedtherefor, and much more wa~ expected of it than was accom.
plished. A fet:ling of disappoll1tll1ent wa expressed among thereform supporters of the republiC who deemed their principlesand the honor of the countr), rudely mocked by the introductionof a bill to license and regulate tht:: sale of opium, which bill,
fortunatt:ly, died in committee. The placing- of California wineof I ' h alcoholic strength on the free list; the non-action on
RETROSPECT. 12f>
liquor traffic restrictions (petitioned for by many in behalf ofhomts and country), as also the outcome of the effort to rtstraininstead of abetting the tendency to Sabbath desecration, couldnot but grieve many who hoptd to see the higher interests of
state conserved at this first regular stssion of tht legislature of
the Republic of Hawaii.The much talked of registration act passed both houses with
evident undu," haste, going into tlperation :\1a)' 11th, but owingto popul<lr feeling ag"inst its obnoxious featurts. it had the raredistinctiun of being repti-lled at the sall1e session. The "widetire" bill of tht prtvious sessi n hac! moch considtrdtioll in both
housts, a also in committtes, but finally met deftat on its thirdreading. The law affecting aSStssmtnts and taxts and time ofcollectings had revision, and a new act establishing an incomt tax-which origtnated in the house-also passed. The various lawsJ{overning licenst rates wtre consolidated, and the internalrtvtnut mattrially augmented by sundry additiuns and changes.Acts consolidating existing loans and rdunding same at a lower
rate of inttrtst, after much discussion wert rtjecttd, but resur·rccttd and .1Inended, and finally passed. Steps havt been takento place this loan with Eastern capitalists which will liktly soon
be consumated since the political unrest attending the presidential election is subsiding.
MATTERS POLITICAL.
The year has been remarkably free of anything bordering onpolitical excitement, or serious discussion. Hawaii in her relations with foreign powers has continued assuranCeS of the mostcordial friendly naturt. Tht policy of the country is still directedtoward "closer bonds" with the Unittd States, and will havemore emphasis so soon as the changing administration andpolicy at Washington will warrant. Already has the annexationclub of these islands re-organiztd for aggressive work, if neCtSsary, along educational lines. The visit East at this time of theMinister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. H. E. Cooper, will doubtlesssupport Mr. Hatch's work in this direction at Washington.
The opening year witnessed the pardoning of the rema1l1der
of all political prisoners, and on Ftbru'lry 7th the restrictions on
the movements of ex queen Liliuokalani were modified to require
126 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
"until further notice" simply "the consent of the Pre ident or aor a member of tht:: Cabinet" in the eVellt ot Itaving the islandof Oahu. This proviso was duly complit::u with un ht:r recentdeparture by the steamship Chilln, J)t::ct::mber 4th, Itl96, for SanFrancisco, on a visit to the Eastt:rn States and possibly England.
1'1'1I1.1L: \\'OI{K~ .~NI' DII'I{O\'I',~IE:\TS,
'Ne are living in a progressive age without doubt, for publicimprovements art:: appart::nt in various directions throughout tht::islands. In a rect:ntly publisht::d Treasury statemt::nt, out ofnearly ~350,OOO authorized from the loan fund on public works,
there had been S I 28,-l90 t::xpt::ndt::d.Besides the continual improvinl{ of Honolulu thoroughfares,
to keep pace with its increased busint:ss and extending area,cpnsiderable work has been dont: to meet tht: demand for newor improvt::d roads by the developing interests in N onh andSouth Kona, Hilo, and Puna, on the island of Hawaii, and tbeopening up of a nt::w road from Makena to the Kula agriculturalsettlement, on l\Iaui. Koloa, Kauai, has also comt:: in for itsshare of attention. A wharf has bet::n constructed at the Kihei
landing, which will provt: of much convenience to the residentsof that part of Maui. A new I3eretania Street bridgt: of woodhas been thrown over the new course of Nuuanu stream and thepre ent "Smith hridge" will be removed further up the stream
to serve for the Kuklli Street extension when that road is cutthrough towards Liliha.
The work of changin~ the courst:: of 0.'uuanll stream is provingan undertaking of c<lnsiderablt: magnitude, the full scope and
end of whic.h is by no means yet ill sight. Considerable excava·tion has yet to be made along tht:: lint: of its new bed, thoughsufficient has been dont: to permit tht:: admission of the streamat a point considt::rahly ahove SI. Louis College. The easternbank all along its course, from the King Street bridge, is being
laid up in heavy masonry. The opposite bank oftht:: stream willbe similarly wallt:u, Tht: work of filling in the old bed, as also
the Aala tract, from dreJging's piJinting to hMbor exlt:nsion, aswas reported in our last issue, has madt:: material progress.
Various parts of the harbor have been deepened, and the workof excavating for the new wharf extension for the accommodation
RETROSPECT. 127
of large steamers, at the eastern end of the Esplanade, IS In
hand. Improved wharfage facilities are also in progress at theold fish market quarters, and at the Oahu Railway and LandCo.'s terminus.
A light house has been erected at Nawiliwili, though at thiswrit~g not yet broug-ht into service. A dioptric lehs of the thirdorder has been received for a Diamond He::td light huuse, whichis to be erected on an iron tower, near the present signal station.These safe guards to the coast will prove a boon tu marinersapproaching our shores.
BUILDING ACTIVITY.
The activity in building and enquiry in real estate, mentionedin last ANNUAL, has continued unabated throughout the year.Several parcels of land outsiclt: of the city limits have changedhands and the SRme subdivided into residence lots many ofwhich have heen readily taken up Rncl a number built upQn.
Recent auction sales of residence lots on the southeasternslope of Punchbowl, 'RS also in the Makiki tract realized a handsome advance over previous quotations. Waikiki and Pearlcity peninsular lots changing hands this year also participate inthe strengthened tone of the real estate market.
Building improvements are apparent on all sides, a numberof which are giving- Rn air of stability and character to theirneighborhood that would do credit to any city.
From the opening of the year to the end of November therehad been 171 building permits issued by tht:: Superintendent ofPublic Works. Iterations, improvements and repairs have alsokept pace. This will indicate in a measure the activity experienced in the various lines of the building trade, both mechanicaland mercantile. The other islands have also been consumingconsiderable lumber and building ma\eria1.
The work of rebuilding the Opera House, which was destroyedby fire in February, I 95, was entered upon toward the close ofFebruary last, and was pushed forward as rapidly as the arrivalof special material therefor from abroad warranted.
The BisRop Estate building on Merchant Street adjoining thebank; the Love block and Fisher building on Fort Street, andthe Irwin bluck on Nuuanu street, all of Hawaiian lava stone
12 HAIVAlJA A "JUAL.
and brick are in progre " tht fil st named being just finished.To thtse must be addtd the new two star)' brick warehouse ofH. Hackfeld & Co. just cOl11pltttd. These with the plasttredframe Hotel building in pro:;ress at corner of King- and Alakta
treet om prise the new bu"ine:s 5tl uc ures. Tht chan 'tSI{oing on in tht residtnce portion of tht Cit)' ann its subtlrbsincludt stvtral "new dtparturt"" in tropic drchitecture.
As can be inftrrtd from tht fort:;oing, it g'tneral tont of
confidenct ptrvade busine"s circles, variOUS cause" having ledto an txpe tant ea 'on of prosptrtt),.
Tht incrtased sugar crop 0 I (.16, as al"o the IInprOvtmtnt inprices as the stason advanctd had its natural tffect on frtightcarriers, by lail and by vesst:l. Tht coasting flet:! of steamtrswtre taxtd to their utmost capacity to handle tht increasedbusiness of the year: as a result. the Inter· bland and vVilder'sCompanlt~ art each prOViding- addition,li steamers of largtr
capacity, first cla's accomodations and 1110"t modern tquipmentsto mttt tht netL. Thtrt art three of the"e ve"st:ls all of whichhavt betn built and fltttd on the coa"t eSI cially for our islandstrvice; tht (nttr·( land S. ~. Cu.·s "teamer .\/tllllltl Loti has
already arrived, and their other boat will be due in a few week.a also the \Vilder S. S. Co.'" new boat.
Considerable of the ea"on's crop \\'a" shipped thiS year to
~tW York and Hoston via 'ape HOin (a" already shown onpagts '4- '6), by tht largest and finest \'e"st:ls of the merchantservice, and whilt this has diminished the San Francisco tieet
of tht ytar, it has not effected the tstablished packel lines so
much as it has tht tied of colliers and tran"ient vesst:l" hathitherto madt it a point to reach thi port in the heig-ht of the
sugar eason.The increastd steam lints of the Pacific with Honolulu as a
port of call, has g-iven us freCjuent communication with the worldat large. 'j'htir visits have materially enhanctd the bu 'ines" 0
the port and shown tht neces"ity of increaseJ wl1<lrf,lgt andharbor accommodati n. The new Japanese steam line --:'\ippon
Yu an Kaisha", from Yokohama to Seattle, via this port, of which
the :\fiik.: .\fOYII was the piom:er, was inau5urated in August:W. G. Irwin .;. Co. being- the local <.lgents.
kHTIW::;Pt:CT. 129
By courtesy of the Customs Officials we are enabled topresent the following table, showing the total value of importsof the islands for the nine months ending September 30, 1896,and compared also with the like period for 1895-the latterbeIng a correction of the values as reported in last annual.
------I
1~1PORT VALUES.CLASSIFICATIO:--:.
_19 Mos. 1896 9 Mos. 1895
Goods free by Civil Code. . . . . . . . .. . '1' 1,385,092.89 $ 677,684.11Goods free by Treaty. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 2,290,13:2.85 2,010,842.70Goods and Spirits paling Duty 1,362,535.90 1,004,721.55Goods and Spirits Bonded. .. 102,275.59 137,151.19
Total
This shows considerable increase in importations for ninemonths, but it is more than offset by the increase both in quantity and value of the exports of the islands for the same period.In 1895, the value of domestic exports up to September 30th.showed $7.477.656.77. In l89G, for the nine months the totalexports have been $lU,341,On.72. From this amount should bededucted about '45.000 for goods of foreign manufacture transhipped, etc., leaving nearly $2.808.500 as the excess of exportsfor the period under consideration.
otwithstanding this healthy condition of the country's commerce, the retail trade has, with few exceptions, failed to participate in the benefits natural to expect by the foregoing exhibit.
SUGAR PLA;<.ITATION MATTERS.
Mention has been made of an increase 111 the sugar crop ofthe islands the past season. This has been more the result ofcareful cultivation of cane and improved machinery in its manufacture into sugar rather than an increase of harvested area.At the annual meeting of the Planters' Association the retiringpresident reported "over 225.000 tons of sugar to have beenexported. Since last session much valuable work had beendone by the scientific department of the Association, and manyplanters wert indtbted for a measure of their present success tothe careful and painstaking ad vice which they have receivedtherefrom." This is quite in kteping with the views expressedin our last Retrosptct upon the establishment of the laboratory
110 HAWAllAN ANNUAL.
and experimental station under Dr. ~Iaxwell's competentmana~ement.
There has been no scarcity of plantation labor experiencedthis year. The late movement in the introduction of Chineselaborers, and the aim of rival Japanese immigration Companiesto supply any class of labor dt:sired has ~uf1iced for presentneeds. The reljllilement by the govelnnll:nt that ten pt:r centof immigrant labor shall be American or European IS in processof fulfillment.
Plantations have had mort: illlmt:nlt)' frolll strikes or liketroubles with their hands this y::ar than has pn:vailed the lastfew years, a fact that spedks well fur all concerned.
There ha been but few plantation change~ the PdSt yt:ar, viz.;that of ){t:clprocity Sugar Co., changir:g (lwnership, the establishment of the Portu~uese Sugar r-.lill Co. at Hilo, and theHolualoa Sugar Mill Co. near Kailua, I'"na. A number ofplantations are extending their cant: fields, a portlun only ofwhich, howevt:r, will affect thiS cummg crllp.
At this writing the establishment of ;\Ir. 1:3. F. Dillingham'sprojected big Oahu Plantation is an a~sured f,lct, ;\lessrs. H.Hackfeld & Co. becuming its ilgt:nts and large share holdt:rstherein, It will be incorporated at .: 1.:-flfl,O()(I, llne half ofthe stock being already taken up. • ubscll\Jlions for the balanceplaced on the market is finding leady applicants.
COFFEE CULTCRF..
The interest in coffee culture continues unabated. everalchanges in ownership have occurred dUl'lng the year and furtherenquiry for suitable land is not at all con lined to local wouldbe investor, for nearly every mail brings letters of similarcharacter from abroad.
Coffee growing, like all other business enterprises needscapital, and parties of limited means are realizing difficultiesthat naturally attend them while waiting from three to five yearsfor returns.
The Olaa pioneers of elevated Hawaiian colTe!: fields areencuuraged at the steady progress in the de\'c.:Jopment of theindustry in that sectIOn and con. idel the xperimentill stagepassed, and future success assured. The same confidence
RETROSPECT. 131
prevails among the planters in luwer Puna, and in Laupahoehoe,and in Hamakua. Kona lands available for coffee is now difficult to buy, or even lease.
Much interest was shown this year at the progress made bythe young coffee !Jlantation of the vVaianae Co. on this island,which resulted 111 a company being formed to take up a valleytract in that district to extend its cultIvation. Maui and alsoKauai are quietly progressing in a similar way, in certain favor
able sections, but they are of limited area.Messrs Hackfeld & Co. have established a modern plant in
their new two story building for the hulling, polishing and sortingof coffee for market. This will materially aid the new industryby facilitating its preparation and grading for export.
VOLCANIC.
The year 1896 goes on record as one of more or less continualvolcanic actIvity. The earthquake tremors of December, 1895,which affected alike the islands of Hawaii, Maui and Oahu, asmentioned in Ilst AN~UAL, was the forerunner of an outbreak ofactivity at· Kilauea, which occurred January 3rd, 1896, after arest spdl which began in the early part of. October, 1894.Much interest was attracted the::reto owing to its rapid de::velopments and changes, not howeve::r re::aching the overflow point.It subsided again in February.
Afte::r seve::ral years inactivity. :V!okuaweoweo, the summit craterof Mauna Loa, put forth signs of new life by a bright glow on thenight of .-\pril :! Ist, and lor a few weeks gave evidence of conside::rablc: activity, quieting again in May. Two parties werefortunate:: e::noug-h to be rewarded for the discomforts and toil attending this juurney to an elevation of 13,675 feet, one:: accountof which is given in this issue, (See page 71.)
Several parts of the islands were visited by tidal waves June15th. Its effects were more severe at Kapaa, Kauai, and atKona and Kau, on Hawaii, than at Honolulu. The fO:'ce andheight of the waves did much damage along Hawaii's southwestern coast, but fortunately no lives were lost owing to itsoccurrence in the daytime.
July Ilth, Kilauea's smoldering fires awakened again, and upto the present wrIting" Pele" has been in a continuous erratic
132 HAWAIIAN ANXUAL.
mood, 111 maintenance of its usual n::putation of never appearingtwice alike.
DISTI:-IGl'ISHED VISITOKS.
These islands have been favured the pa t year with the visitof a number of distinguished oOicials and scientific investigators, the pleasures and result of which will doubtless provemutually beneficial. Among these may be mentioned Hons.H. M. Nelson, Premier of Queensland .. ustralia, with J. J.Byrnes, Attorney·General, and R. Philp, },Iinister of tllines, whospent several weeks in the early part of the year visiting im·portant places of interest and learning facts of place and people,with all of which they expressed themselvt,;s agreeably sur
prised.In March ir Audley Coote, of Pacific cable fame, revisited
the islands to obtain Hawaiian Government support thereto,but owing to the franchise already granted, as reponed in lastANNUAL, no encouragement could be given his several propositions. In Novt::mbt::r a brie' visit was made us by ex-Secretaryof State Hon. John 'vV. Foster, and wife, panly "on pleasurebent" and partly to obtain a personal knowledge f Hawaii.While here he sought an extension of time on behalf of Col.Spalding's Pacific cable franchise. but the Executive, expressing also the almost unanimous feeling of the business commu_nity, declined to accede.
Among the scientific visitors is to be recorded the pleasurablt::visit, in May, of tht:: Corolle! t::clipse party under Professor Toddof Amherst, t::n route for Japan; that of E. I>lluglas Archibald,an eminent mett::orologist of India, who spent several weeks ofearly summer here and urged increased provision for meteorological observations in this unique field, with stations on ourhi~hest mountains; as also the visit in September of Professorv.. J. Sollas, geologist of the University of Dublin, who made ashort stay, en route from his visit to the Ellic,:: I 'lands in thestudy of atolls. At present writing Dr. H. B, Guppy, explorerof the Solomon and other islaf'ds of the South Pacific, andauthor of a valuable work on the Solomon Islands, is quietly atwork ht::re in botanical investigatiulls.
idHIWSPECT.
THE NEW CENSI"S.
133
The tenth official census of the Hawaiian Islsnds took placethis year under A. T. Atkinson, Esq., as General Superintendent, and shows a present total population of 109,0:20. The enumeration occurred September :!4th, (:nuch earlier than in yearspast), and favorable progress is being made on its various details, the scope of which is partially set forth in the brief account accompanying the tables Sl) far completed-pag-es I:! to14. The general plan of the work was patterned somewhatafter the recent New Zealand form, though naturally omittingmany auxiliary details. The appropnation of $1 ~,OOO, the sameamount as in 1i:l90, is only made to cover the greater work attending an increase of population and aiming at extendedfeatures at value and interest, from the fact that more time wasgiven to preparation therefor, and quite a number of the experienced sub agents or enumcraturs of the last census was foundavailable for the service again this year. The official reportwill be looked for with interest.
EDUCA1:rONAL.
There is now an attendance in the government and independent schools of the Republic, of about 13,000 puptls. Withinthe past l wo years, forty rooms have been added to the housingcapacity of the public schools alone, and there is urgent needfor many more. The cry for new school houses is far in excessof the means of the Department of Public Instruction to satisfy.The public schools are now all taught in English, with but twoor three exceptions; and there has never been the slightestfriction in the gradual change from tl-)e Hawaiian to the Englishlanguage.
The High School, established in the building purchased fromthe Bishnp estate in August, 189:" has proved a notable success.The elegant rooms and beautiful grounds have formed an idealschool, with a large attendance of exceptionally enthusiasticpupils.
A normal School was opened at the same time, and a portionof the same building assigned for its use. A normal class hadbeen held for some years, after school hours, in the old FortStreet building, and while this had done excellent work, the
134 H A 11'.·111 AX II XX UA I..
need for a school devote::d tntire::ly to the training- of ttachtrs hasbeen stvtrtly ftlt. From a small class of lifte::e::n as a starttr,thtre art now thirty- -ix youn~ ptoplt, of both se::XtS, tarnestlyworking to makt thtmselvts thorou~h ttachtrs. The:: school isproving tht wisdom of tht Buard In its tst"blishmtnl. ItsCOurSt of study is on broad and libtral lintS, i,s mana~tmtnt
good I and its pupils a credit to their leache::1 . and thtl11sdVts.A night school was establishe::d in January, I 96, in tht rooms
of tht Fort Strett School buildin~. This has filkd a lung-fdtwant, and tht txctlltnt alttndanct, anti talne::,t work of tht ~50
workingme::n and boys OVtr schoul agt who havt enrulltd themselves on its reg-isttrs, shows huw hlg-hly it is appre::ciate::d. Theschool has an dlicient corps of ttachers and has tvidtntly cumeto stay.
The kindergarten cholll, havt se::curtd a Iii m hold on thehearts of tht people. At Itast !'lOO little folks of eVtry nationality receivt daily instruction on the lintS laid down by g-oud oldFroebt!. The spltndid showing- madt in a ftw ytars by the efforts of a small band of noblt womtn, in this dlrtction is wurthyof tht strongest commendation. Thty are inde::ed a .. godstndto the poor, a blessing- to the rich."
ot ItSS noticeable in e::xcellent results is tht characttr of workdone in the different boardlllg schools for childl< n of Hawaiiandescent. These:: schools are filltd to thtir ull110st capacity, andthe young people who Itavt thtm ye::a~ by ytar, are livin~ witntSStS of tht careful tr,lining and dlicitnt l11,ln.tgtl11tnt of thoseinstitutions. Tht boys Me manly, induslliulls ,Ind stlf.sustaining from the d:lj' thty leavt the "chool: whilt tht g-irls are pastmistresses of the art of g(~ocl houstkeepin~ as well as the:: othtrattribut~s of an intel\.igent woman.
The St. Louis Collegt under the:: mana~tme::nt of the CatholicBrothers of St. JO'eph has an attendance of ne::arly 5!)O boys,and is doing good work. The rtsults shown frum ytar tu yearwould be a credit to any imilar school in any country. Butlittle behind in management and pOWtr for good is lht CatholicGirls' chool, under the dirtction of tht Sisters of the SacredHeart, with an attendance of about 3·')0 girls.
The Oahu Collc::ge:: has betn c::nl.lIgtd and beautifitd by theerection of a most magnifictnt burlding, the gift of the Han. C.
N.ETIWSPECT. 135
R. Bishop. Jhis addition r~nd~rs th~ college most ~xcellently
equipped, and capable of raising its already high standard ofefficiency.
REVENUE AND DEPARTMENT POSTAGE STAMPS.
There has recently been prepared for the Hawaiian Gov~rn·
ment, by the American Bank Not~ Co., New York, a n~w
revenue stamp for the special use of the Customs Service. It isvery neat in design, having an oval bust portrait of Kamehameha I. in the c~nter, ov~r which are curved the words" Internal Revenu~," surmounted with its nationality, "R~pL1blic ofHawaii." At the lower corners, in foliated scroll circles, is thenUJ!1eral and designating figur~ uf value, with " On~ Dollar" onornament~d scroll as a base.
The postage stamps are of 2,0,6, 10, 12 and j5 cent values,prepared for the sole use of the Department of Foreign Affairs.One design serves the series, diff~rent colors being adopted forthe several denominations. Its central figure is a bust portraitof Han. L. A. Thurston in oval. Around the upper half of theoval are th~ words" Fureign Affai'rs," and four stars on eachside, to r~present th~ islands of th~ gruup, continu~s the lowerportion, with the words ,. Cents 'I and the numeral figure orfigures on an escutcheon beneath. A small monogram" R.H."in circle at the top, with ,. D~pt. of" on th~ left, and" Ha waii,"on th~ right indicates its country.
MARINE CASLALTIES.
The Pacific Mail steamer Rio de JaJleiro, long overdue, arrived in distress March Jrd, having through stress of weatherrun out of coal supply and was forced to use the available woodwork of the ship for fuel, including upper deck staterooms andmizzen-topmast.
April 26th. there arrived at Hilo, Hawaii, the captain, officersand crew, in two 0P~I~ boats, of the British bark Celltrwr, wheatladen, from San Francisco for Queensland, which had burned atsea in Lat. 14.40 ., and Long. I <l2.-J.j 'vV.
August :l9th. the British bark Gaillsborough, coal lad~n from'vVestport, N. Z., en route for San FranCISco, went ashore offDiamond Head, and after several attempts to haul her off shewas abandoned and s Id at" auction. Thruugh exceptiunallyLlvorable weather she was lightened of her cargo, which was
136 HAIVAlIAN ANNUAL.
aved, and the vessel finally hauled ufT and towed into l)ori,havinO' sustained but little seriuus dam.tge to her iron hull.She has been placed under the Hawaiian nag and her namechanged to Diflll/uud Head, and placed in Allen & Robin on'sline of packets between Honolulu and coast pons.
December 6th the steamer Likc:like towed the brigantine Lur·
liue into port, having re cued her from a perilous position onthe reef at Kahului, Maui.
FIKES.
Fire alarms this year have been numerou , though, fortun·ately, comparatively few needed the services of the department,partly from the fact that most of them occurred during the day.time. The most serious loss by fire of the year was that of theEhlers' store, on Fon street, in the early morning of July 23rd,probably from defective electric wire connections.
The residences to suffer total loss were the Cornwell premises,corner of King and Piikoi streets, which took place on the nightof May 2Hh, and the Hobron \Vaikiki cottage, near midnight ofNovember 11th.
ATHI.ETIIICS, ETC.
The interest hitherto manifest in athletics and out door sports,under the auspices of the Honolulu Amateur Athletic Association, seems to have want:d this year. and the afrt:ction of memober assigned for the time being to bicycle events.
The league season of baseball was carried through with considerablt: spirit betwet:n fuur local teams, and with It:ss ofthe objectionable features that char.tcterized the games of thepreviou seasun. The 'tar's won the championship for 1 96,with the Reg-iment team next in the race. Added intere t camein at the close by a visit of the Star's to :-'laui, to cross bats withthe crack vVailuku team, and the return visit of the latter to regain lost honors and wrest the pennant from the champions,-butit ,remains yt::t with the Star·s.
Foot-ball has its innings now, there being three teams organized and in practice for golden opportunities. The clubs comprise the Athletic Association, ur town team, the Regiment, andPunahou teams. There have been three games played so far,re ulting in honors for the" townjes."
Tennis has maintained a firm hold among our suciety people.:,[uch interest W,lS manift:st in the selies uf tournament
137
games played during the month of May, between the Pacificand Beretania Street Clubs. Since then a Nuuanu Valley clubhas formed.
Golf has claimed some attention both in this city and in Hilo,and its advocates bespeak for this htalth-g-iving game a gloriousfuture.
INTER ATIO AI. SHOOTING MATCHES..
As an outcome of the steady target practice of our militia,whereby they have obtained a reputation for marksmanshipwhich .has gone beyond our borders, there have been severalmatches arranged for and carried through against similar bodiesin California and Colorado.
0n February 8th. fifty National Guardsmen shot otT theirscore at the Ma~iki range against a like team of San Franciscomilitiamen, having 200!l points against their oppontnts' 1939.
In October a match between a ten·men team of the Sharpshooters Company of this city and the Rd'le Club of Denver,Colorado, took place, resulting- in a defeat of tht latter, thechallenging party, by a score of 865 to 857.
The next international match, to take place the early part ofJanuary, will be between the National Guard of California andof Hawaii, in which 100 picked men on each sidt will conte·tfor their country's honor.
OPIUM SM UGGLING.
Th.;; illicit traffic in the contraband drug, opium, received asudden check in the capture of the smuggling schooner Henrietta, from Victoria, B. C., off Waianae, Oahu, by the police andcustoms officials on the night of December 22nd, 1895, andtowed into port. Upon trial had before the cou .. ts the vesseland cargo were confiscated to the Hawaiian Government, andthe captain and officers, crew and one passenger were sentencedto fine and imprisonment.
There have been several important seizures of the drug madeduring the year in the attempt to elude the customs officials. Itis hoped this success will prove an extra incentive for increaseddiligence, to render it more hazardous and less profitable for theparty or parties engaged in this illicit traffic, that it may come toan end.
13 HAWAIlAN ANNUAL.
;>;ECRUI 0(;\.
The death record of wc::ll knowil and uld residents of the isl
ands has touched a wider circle of humes thiS year than usual.
The list comprises, 'lmong others: \V. C. Lane, Mrs. H. M.
Whitney, J. T. \Vaterhou 'e, Palmer Parker. :\Irs. j. Eberhardt.
Mrs. A. L. Cornwell, \Y. Jas. Smith, F. C. Lowrey, Mrs. Mary
Yatt::s and Mrs. M. C. Pans (uf Kuna, Hawaii), H. R. Hollistt::r,
Cha -. P. Turne\-, Mrs. A. S. Hartwell. :\Irs. j. i\1. Cooke, Rev.
E. Bond, L. j. Levey, H. ~S. Tregloan, .-\. :\1. Sproull, Chas.
Hammt::r, and judge S. L. Au 'lin (of Hilu). To these must be
included Gen. W. H. Dimond uf San francisco. (for years past
an honored merchant uf that city, but ever identified with his
island home), and Miss Kate Fic::ld, of \Nashington, but whose
life went out here from over exertion and exposure in a tour of
Hawaii.
INFORMATION FOR TOURISTS AND OTHERS.
~o the pt::oplt:: of H'lIvaii·nei the world 'et::ms slow to real\\bJ iZt:: the fact of the halmy ex( ellenct:: of the climate of'l~ these islands. 1\otwithstanding- the enconiums that
have ~one forth by all \oyagers that have touchea here
since the days of Cook, dS wc::ll as hy noted traveltrs, tourists
and writers-the large majority of whom have but one vtrdict
to express, and that of enthusiastic admiration of dimate, scenery
and ptople-we have to admit that We are but little understood
in the great world after all. Tht fact that Hawaii has been the
1110st exten i ely wntten about of all the groups in the Pacific
reflects rather upon tht n:ading world when our advantages
seem to bt ig-nortd by so large a proportion of the world's sight
seers and tourists, as wt::11 as seekers for invcstl11~nts and de
velopers of nt::w enterprises, or latt-nt industries. \Vith all our
steamship and sailing packet opportunities, gl\'ing us almost
weekly communication with San Francisco, monthly with the
Australian Colonies and Vancouver. and frequently with China
and japan, it IS the tourist "in tr"nsit" who predominates in
sight· seeing around these islands. accidental visitors as it were,
INFURMATlO.V FOR TOURIST. 139
rather than planned parties to spend a certain number of weeks,or months, hen: to learn the pleasures and comforts of tropiclife as shown in Honolulu, either in its well appointed hotels, oramid its attractive homes; or tu see the gEeatest of all "lions,"the renowned volcano of Kilauea, or Maui's mammoth crater,or the famous lao valley.
The ANNUAL has been doing faithful work in its modest way,the past twenty-three years, in disseminating abroad reliable information relative to Hawaii-nei fur the benefit of the tourist,investor, invalid, or others, and it is able to affirm that the progress made for the comfort, convenience and attraction of visi·tors to these islands has invariably kept ahead of the demandsupon us, and at figures that invite une tu .. come again," ratherthan the extortions of the East, or even of the average summerresorts.
A few years since, in expectation of tourist travel, and tomake these islands more attractive than ever, "our natural wonder," par excellence-the vulcano of Kilauea-was taken inhand by a joint stuck cumpany who secured all leases to it andhotels in connection. With it. A new and commodious twostory structure has been erected in place of the old hotel at thecrater, with stables, sulphur baths, etc., and every attention isshown to secure the comt'urt anu convenience of guests. A fir.ecarriage road of eas)' grade, from H ilo, has been completedwhich enables visitors to ride or drive, the entire distance oftwenty-nine miles with as much c.omlort as can be had on Honolulu's macadamized streets. Furthermore, visitors can havetheir choice of two routes without inconvenience and discomfiture of change by way of Hilo, or Puualuu; or, gOll1g up byone route may cross over and return by the other, if desired.
Among Honolulu's attractions the new road around and upPunchbowl continues to delight residents and visitors alike, butthe'winding road,to Tantalus, just back of it, rising to an elevation of 2,013 feet far eclipses it as a vantage ground for sceni:::observation and fur delightfulness of atmosphere. This road,while affording an exceeding,ly attractive drive. or ride, up itsgentle slope to the elevation named, offers a11 opportunity thatshould be improved for the early establishment of a sanitariumin the pure air and mild temperature of Tantalus. But these
140 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
new attracttons should not allow us to forgt::l the claims of thePali of Nuuanu, that hi.,toric spot over which Kamehameha l.drove the defenders of O<lhu when he conquered this island.Its fame, both from this circumstance and the beauty of sceneryat that point make it a veritable l\Iecca to all visitors. Recentlya new road has been cut in the face of the clifrs for the convenience of travel to and from the rich a!,;ricultural and pastorallands lying on the other side of the Island.
Waikiki, with its fringed sentinels of cocoa palm, offers itsattractions of sea beach and delightful temperature of water forbathing, free from danger by its guarding reef, at times a pictureof !,;randeur with its playfully ~ngry surf. Tramcars conveypassengers half hourly to or from the city. The beauties of adrive, after a refreshing sea bath, can be had by carnage throughand around Kapiolani Park, where the annual races are held onJune 11 th. A beach road extends alan!,; to the foot of Diamond
Head.In the opposite direction, the trains of the Oahu I<ailway and
Land Company connect Honolulu with Pearl River Lochs, bytwo or more trains dally, whereby the recently established EwaPlantation at Honouliuli, and the new town of Pearl City atManana, and its peninsular attractions have been made possible.Excursion trains to Remand Grove and points beyond, at frequent intervals, alTOI'd an excellent opportunity for tourists andothers for the study of the interesting features of our two leading industries, viz., s~gar und rice. At no other point throughout the islands can these two be seen so advanlag-eously working,as it were, side by side. The recent ext::nsion of the railroad toWaianae, opens up a new section of country with its po sibilities for investment and leisurely attractions.
Comfortable steamers ofreI' weekly facilities to visit the islandsof Maui, Hawaii and Kauai.. The principal attractions of theformer, outside of the extensive sugar plantations are, the picturesque valley of lao-the Yosemite of Hawaii-celebrated asthe scene of one of the most bloody battles in Hawaiian history,and the crater of Haleakala, the largest extinct volcano in theworld. A stone house for shelter and observation, termed "Craigielea," has recently been constructed at the summit for the comfort of visitors. Kduai in turn olfers her visitors unrivaled
INFORMATION FOR TOURISTS. 141
scenic attractions, in recognition of which claim it has longsince been termed the" garden ishnd " of the group.
Opportunities for visiting Hawaii occur every week by tworoutes, each steamer leaving port every ten days. Naturallythe volcauo is the main attraction, but the scenic effect of wind,wanl Hawaii, the enchanting beauty of peacelul Hilo, the balmyclimate of Kana with its historic vili"ge of Kailua, or the famousKealakekua Bay with Cook's monument-depicted on our coverfront-both adjacent to the best coffee lands on the islands, present strong attractions to the visitor, according to his time andinclination. The packet service on both these routes will bedoubled this year.
In connection with the foregoing, the following tables may beof service:
FOREIGN PASSAGE RATES.
Cabin passage per steamer, Honolulu to San Francisco, $75.Round trip tickets, good fur three months, $1 :25.
Steera~e passage per steaml:r, Honolulu to San Francisco, $25.Cabin passage per steamer. Honolulu to Victoria and Vancou
ver, $75; and to San Francisco per company's steamer aI',rangements, if desired, at the same figure.
Second Cabin passage per steamer, Honolulu to Victoria andVancouver, oj, :!5.
Cabin passage per steamer to Fiji, $87.50; to Sydney, $150.Second Cabin passage ptr steamer to Fiji, '50; to Sydey, 75.Cabin passage by sailing vtsstl, to or from San Francisco, $40,
or $25 by steerage.Cabin passage per steamer, Honolulu to Hongkong or Japan,
$250.Cabin passage per sail (occasionally), Honolulu to Hongkong,$60.Steamers to and from San Francisco are two every four weeks
one direct and return, the other en route to or from theColonies. See ocean steamer time table.
Steamers of the Canadian-Australian line to and from Vancouverare also two every lour weeks. See ocean steamer timetable.
Steamers from San Francisco to Japan and China, or vice versa,touch frequently at this' port en route.
50
00
3 004 005 00
HAWAIIAN ANNUAL,
INTER-I LAND PASSAGE RATES.
Cahill' Passage, per Steallltrs.!rollL Honolulu toLahaina, Maui , ,. .. . .. . . . . 5 00Kahului or Hana, i\laui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 00Maalaea, Maui.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6 00Makena, Maui . .. . .. . .. . . 8 00Mahukona or Kawaihae:, Hawaii 10 00Kukuihaele, Honokaa or Paauhau, Hawaii 10 00Laupahoehoe or Hilo, Hawaii 12 50Kailua or Kealakekua, Hawaii , .. 10 00Honuapo or Punaluu, Hawaii , .•.•...... 12 00Koloa, Nawiliwili, Hanalei. Kilauea or Kapaa
Kauai, each .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 00The IV. G. Hall, in her Kauai route, takes in Niihau once a
month.Round trip til:kets are usually obtained at a fair niduction with
privileg-e of ~etting off at any port alon/{ the route.
CARRIAGE FARE.
Carriage fare from steamer to hotel, each pas-senger , $ 25
Carriage fare per hour, one passenger. . . . . . . . . 50two passengers. . . . . . . . 2 00
For each additional hour, 50 cents for eilch pas·senger, when more than one.
Specially for the Pali, one passenger each way.two passengersthree
Specially for Kapi01ani Park, one passengereach way .
Specially for Kapiolani Park, two passengerseach way .
Specially for Kaplolani Park, three passengerseach way.... .. 2 00
The foregoing- rates are for between the hours ot 5 A. M. to11 P. M. At other hours the rates of fare are doubled. Nodriver is compelled to take a single fare for the Park or Pali,except by special bargain. v\'hen two or more olTer, the regularfare must be accepted.
tOVRIST'~ INFORMATION, ETC.
Good Saddle horses may be engag-ed by the hour at one dollaror less, according to length of time.
HOTEL RATES.
Board with room, at the Hawaiian Hotel, '3.00 per day.Private accommodations, in various parts of the city, are ob
tainable at prices ranging from ,. 10 per week up.
CURRENT MONEY.'
American and Hawaiian currency is the standard throughoutthe islands. Other coins may be exchanged at the banks atabout the United States Treasury ruling rates.
TAXES.
The annual taxes of the country consist of :-Poll, $1 ; school,$2, and road, $2. Owners of carriagt:s pay $5 each. The dogtax is $1 for male and $5 for female dogs. Real and personalproperty pays a tax of 1% upon its cash value as of January 1st ofeach year. A new tax of I%on all incomes over $2000 becomeslaw this year, 11'\:17.
CORRECTION- By the use of fig-ures found since to be unreliablewe regret to have to caution the reader against using the quarterlytable of export v<llues of Domtstic produce for 1896, as shown onpage 27. A later exhibit from the Custom House given in theRetrospect for the year shows the total exp"rts for the ninemonths ending September 30th. as $1 U,311 ,09:l,7 I.
The promi~ed continuation of tht: History of the house of C.Brewer & Co. is necessarily deferred, owing to the non receiptof important connecting data.
TO MEET the needs of the recently established KindergartenSchools of the city, the uncterslgned has arranged with theMILTON BRADl.EY Co. of Springfield, ;\llass., to carry a fullstock of their Kindergarten material for School and Home instruction. Latest catalogut:s can be had on application.
THOS. G. THRUM, Stationer,8nle Agent for the Havvallan Island...
HAWAliA CUSTOMS TARIFF.
Revised and compared with reCent Laws.
NA TE 0' OUTI HS.
ARTICLE '.F", U. S AIIOIIt,y
10%25%
.40
.20
.1525%10%25%10%10<;0
7 1)07 50
.40
.20
.15'25%10%25%FreeFree
Abalone ad val.l Free IAccordeons (See Musical In·truments) ad val. 100 10%Acid (See Drugs) ad val. 10% 10%Adzes, Axes, Axles (See Hardware) ad val. Free 10%Aerated Water ad val. 10% 10%Agricultural Implements (See Hard ware). ad val. Free 10%Alabaster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. 10% I ()O,£Albums (See Books) ad val. Free 10%Alcohol and other spirits of the strength of I
alcohol per gall. S I0 OU Si I0 00-Provided that security be given that
the same is intended for medicinal,mechanical or scientIfic purposes,upon application in due form, tospecial licensees, per gall. of 90%proof .All exceeding 90% proof shall payduty according to its trength.Methylated Spirits, to persons hold·ing licenses, up to 150 gallo!,! an·nually per gall. 1 00 J UOAll withdrawals in excess of 150gallons per annum" hall pay fullspirit duty according to strength asprovided by law."
Ale, Beer, Cider, Porter, and all fermenteddrInks not otherwise provide::! for:
per doz. reputed quartsper doz. reputed pintsper gallon if in bulk ....
Aluminum \tVare ad val.Ammonia ( ee Drugs) ad val.,Ammunition not othe;wise provided for ad val.lAnchors (See aval Stores) ad val.Animals .
Animals, bees or birds, if intended lorimproving the breeds are free by Civil Code.
Apples, Apricots (~ee.Fruits) ad val.l FreeArt Goods (See Pall1tll1gs, etc.) ad val. 25%
CUSTOMS TARIFF.
ARTICLES.
HI>
RATE OF DUTIES.
Fm U. S.!All Otlter---- -- ---
Artificial Flowers. . . . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. 25% ~I>%
Artists' Materials, not otherwise prov'd for ad val. 10% 10%Arrowroot ad val. 10% 10%Asparagus (See Fruits) ad val. Free 10%Asphaltum , ad val. 10% 10%Axle Grease ad val. 10% I 10%
Baby Carriages ad val. :&5%Bacon (See Meats) ad val. FreeBags-wool, cotton, or textile combination.
by treaty ad val. FreeBags and containers, not otherwise prov'd for. .ad val. 10%
-If old, returned, accompanied byCons. certificate, free by Civil Code.
Banjos, Guitars, Mandolins, (See MusicalGoods) adval. 10%
Beads, if of Jewelry class, which see ad val. 25%If of Millim:ry supplies, which see.ad val. 10%
Beans, (See Fruits, ttc.) ad val. FreeBean Oils and other China Oils not other-
wise provided for ad val. 25%Beef, Bacon, Pork, Ham, and all fresh,
smoked or preserved meats ad val. FreeBells, Bits, Bridles (See Hardware) ad val. FreeBelting, Belts, other than cotton or leather. ad val. 10%Bicycles ad val. 10%Birds-if intended for improving species,
free by C. C.; otherwise dutiable .... ad val' 10%Bitters, Brandied Fruits, (See Brandy).Blankets-wool, cotton or mixed ad val. FreeBlinds, (See Doors) ad val. FreeBooks, blank or printed ad val. Free
:! Books Or other publications in Hawaiian, free.
Bonnets, Braids, Buttons, (See Millinery).ad val. 10%Boots and Shoes ad val. FreeBran .......................•......... ad val. FreeBrandy, Gin, Whiskey, and dll other spirits
or strong waters of whatever nameor description, and all liquers, cordials, bitters, brandied fruits, merchandise sweetened or mixed, containing alcohol or spirits of thestrength of 30% or upwards, and notexceeding 50% proof* per gall. $
.. As determined by Tralle's hydrometer.
25%10%
10%10%
I (}OJ,25%10%10%
25%
10%10%10%10%
10%
10%10%
• 10%
10%10%10%
HAWAIlAJ', A VNUAL.
ARTICLES.HATK o ..~ DUTI '.
Fm U . .I' IAIIO/h,,·I
All exceeding 50 %shall pay acoholicduty in proportion to its strength ... per deg.
Bras, or bra s goods, not otherwi e pro·vided for ad val.
Bread and breadstuffs of all kinds. . . .. .. ad val.Bricks. . . . . . . . . . . . . ad val.Britannia ware and fancy metal ware ad val.Bronzes (See Paintin~s)... . ... ... "d val.Brushes-Hall', Tool. Nail and other lOilel.ad val
-Paint, Shoe, Scrub, \\'hitewash orother ad val.
Buhach , ., ,ad val.Building 'tone, curbing, stepping, etc ad valBullion ad va I.Butter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ad ",d.
.10
I U;.FreeFree'25%:.!!>:.!:)~)
FreeFree10%FreeFret:
,lfJ
10%I10%25%25')-,25%.
10/e10%10%10%10%
Free 10%Free 10%
.:.!5 .25I 00 I 00
25% 25/0.\ 0 .10.nO .50
Free 2n%Free 10 OU:!"% :.!5;'
Free 10%10% 10%
10% 10%Free 100
Camphor (See Drugs), .. . ad val. 10% IOleCamphor Trunk per nest of I :! 00 2 00Camphor Trunks per nest of. I 00 I 00Camphor Trunks single, each .50 .50Candies... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . ad val. '25% 25%Candles ad val. a Free 10'1
j Other than wax, which is d"li.lhl~.
Cards, playing, blanks or printed .... rid val. Free 10%Carriages of all descriptions....... .ad val. 2!>o,(, :.!fi/
oCatechu (See Tanning ;'vlattrials), free by
Civil Code.Cement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ad val.Cheese ..... ' . . . . . . . . . .. ad val.China Boot and Shoes. . . . . . . ... per pall'China Matting. .. . . .. . .. . . per rollChina Oils. . .. . . ad val.China Slippers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . per pall'China Tobacco. . . . . . .. ... . per lb.Cigarettes and all de criptions of paper
Cigars. . . . . . .. . ad val.Cigar and Cheroots ( ee Tobacco) per ;\1Cigar. holders (See Pipes, etc.) ad ,',t1 ,Claret (See Wines). IClothing, cotton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .. ad valClothing, not otherwise specified .... ad ,·al.Clocks and Watche , in whole or in part,
not otherwise specified ad val.Clocks, if without glass and 0/ wood 'lei val.
CUSTOMS TARIFF.
ARTICLES.
147
I RATH OF DUTIL';;.
I
IF", U. S. All Otlm___1----
Free 10%
10% 10%10~ 10%10% 10%
10% I 10%10% 10%
Free 10%
Free
Coal, Coke, free by Civil Code and by treaty.Coffee, whether ground or prepared, or not..per lb.,Coins, /{oJd and silver, free by Civil Code.Collars, Corsets, Cuffs and leeves (see
Millinery ad vaLl', Ifof colton, free under the trealy.
Copper and Composition Sheathing', nails Iand bolts ad val.
5 Except copp." 'heathing and .11 .I" cr,plion,of sheathing metals, \\hich is fr"e.
Cordage (see Naval Stores) ad val.Cordials (see Brandy and Wines).Cotton and manufactures of Cotton, bleach
ed and unbleached, and whether ornot colored, stained. painted orprinted ael val.l
Crockery and Glassware of e'. ery descrip.tion. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ael val.
Curios, other than art :.;-oods or bronzes ad val.,Curry or CUtTy Powder ad val.
Dates . ad val.Dental Materials not otherwise providtel for-ad val.Doors, Sashes and Blinds ad val.Diplomatic Representative. For-All goods
imported for their private use andconsumptIOn. Sec.:; 17, Art. 6Civil Code, free.
Drugs and Medicines not otherwise pro-vided for, patent or other ad val.Caustic Soda, Sal Soda, Oil of Sas-safras, Palm Oil and Borax, whenimported for use in the manufactureof soap, tree.The importation of opIUm, or anypreparation thereof, except by theBoard of Health is strictly prohib.ited;
Dry Goods-Manufactures of cotton orwool, textile fabrics made of a com·bination of wool, c:otton, silk or linen,or of any two or more of them, otherthan when ready. made clothing ... ad val./Linens, and all manufactures ofwhich flax, grass-cloth, or a similarmaterial shall form the principal part.ad val.
.07
10%
Free
Free
10%
10% I
.07
1()<>~
5 10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
.I
HAWAlIAN ANNUAL.
RATE 0' DUTIES.
ARTICLE.F", u. S.I A" Otlrey
1---
i5% 26%
10% 10%25% 25~
Free 10%Free i 10
Satins, silks and silk-velvet, and allarticles of which silk hall form theprincipal material _ ad val.All other goods and all mixtures nototherwise providtd for ..... . ad val.
Edgings, Embroiderits of all kinds ad val. 66 If of cOllon, fre~ unclcr lh~ l ..:al}'.
Eggs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ad val.Engines and parts thereof ad val.
7 Unless excmpl by Spccial ACI for lh~ ~ncour·
a~emenl 01 certain induslries-Coff~c andRamie, and Frul! Cannery. Laws of I 9'2.
Fans of all kinds. . . . . .. . ad val. 8 'Z5% 25%Manufacturers of paper and wood, free bytreaty.
Feathers-Fancy, (or millinc::ry purposts ... ad val. 25% 25%Common, for upholstering purposes.ad val. 10% 10%
Fertilizers, natural or manufactured, andall material exclusively for the manufacture thereof, free by Act ofAugust, 18 2.
Fire Arms ad val. 9 25% 25%9 Ifmounted in ivory, rubber or nickel. other-
wise free under the treaty.Fire works and Fire-crackers ad val. 25% 25Fish and Oysters, and all creatures living
in the water, and the productsthereof ad val. Free 10%
Floor Cloth ad val. 10% 10%Flour, Meal, Bran, etc. (see Bread and
Breadstuffs) __ ' .. _ ad val. Free 10%Foreign Navies, For-All supplies when
imported and used as such (Stc. 517,Art. 6, Civil Code, free.
Foreign Whalers, For- lerchandise imported by them in accordance withprovisions Sec. 569 to 573 of theCivil Code, free.
Fringes-Silk _. . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. 25% 25%All other ad val. 10% 10%
Fruits, Nuts and Vegetables, grete, driedor undritd,rrt::served or unprtstrved.ad val. Free 10%
Furniture ad val. 10 Free 10%10 Except upholstered or carved. which aredutiable.
Furs, dressed or undres ed ad val.l Free 101.
CUSTOMS TARIFF. 149
ARTICLES.Pm V. S. All Otlur
10%
10%
10%25%10%
I(J%10%10%10%25%
10%10%10%10%10%
10%10%10%10%10%
Galvanized Iron, and all manufacturesthereof not otherwise provided for .. ad val. Free
Gilt Ware (see Silverplate, etc.) : ad val., 25%Gimps, for clothing or upholstering ad val. 10%Gin (see Brandy)Glass and Glassware of every description ..ad val. lOOk.Gloves-Kid and all other leather and skin
gloves per doz pairs :~ 00 3 00Gloves and Mitts not otherwise provided for " :t5% :!;)%
1\ Unless of manufacture free b}' treaty.
Gold or Silver Leaf ad val. 10%Gold and Silver Coin, free by Civil Code.
Sec. 517, Art. 6.Grain of all kinds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. FreeGranite paving, curb, or other stone ad val. 10% IGravestones, marble or other; grindstones.ad val., 10%Groceries no.t otherwise provided tor. .. . ad val. 10% IGuns and PIstols...... . . . .. . ad val. 12 Free
12 If mounted in ivor}', nickel or rubber,dutiable.
Hair, Haircloth or Hair Mattesses ad val. 10% I 10%Hardware, machinery of all kinds, engines
and parts thereof; iron and steeland manufactures thereof; nails,spikes, bolts, rivets, hoop-iron,brads, sprigs and tacks ad val. Free '13 10%13 All pig iron and plate iron of ~ .inch thick-ness and upwards, free by Act of June, 1862.
Harness, and all manufactures of leather ad val. FreeHarness dressing _ ad val. 10%Hats and caps not otherwise provided for. ad val. 10%Ham (see Meats) .. _ _ ad val. FreeHay" and Grain. . . . . . . .. . ad val. FreeH ides, Furs, Pelts and Skins, dressed or
undressed ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. FreeHoes, Horse-shoes (see Hardware) ad val. FreeHooks and Eyes ad val. 10%Hose, Rubber ad val. 10%
Cotton or Leather ad val. FreeHock (see Wines).Hawaiian Government. All goods or arti·
cles imported for the use of theseveral departments of the Hawaiian Government, free by Civil Code,Sec. 517, Art. 6.
150 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL
ART/eLl,'S.HATE OY OUTi 1:5.
Fill U. S. AI/Oil,,.,,
Hawaiian Whalers. Oil, bone, fish, orother products of the sea, bein~ thecatch of duly re/{istered Hawaiianvessels, free bv Civil Code.
Household Effects, ~1r1 a~d in llSf·. of per·sons arriving from abroad. Alsothe effects, not merchandise::, of Hawaiian suhjects dying abroad, free::by Civil Code.
Ice , , ad val. Free 10%Ink, printing ad val. 10% 10%Ink, writing , ad val. Free 10%Insertions, Laces and Lace Goods of every
description ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ad val. 25% 25%Iron and Steel and manufactures thereof... ad val. '. Free 10%
f. Other I han ria ted article>.
Japanese Goods nllt otherwise provided fULad val.Jewelry, and all metal, glass or stone beads.ad val.lJute Bags or Baggage, matting, etc ad val.
10%2f)%10%
11,25%10%
Lard ad val., Free 10Lead-pi/{, sheet or pi pe . . . . .. .. ad val. I (j°u 10%Leather, and all m.lIlUfactures the~eof'" 'ad val.' Free 10%Lime and Cement ad val. Free 10%Linens and Gmss Cloth , ad val. 10% 10%Linoleum (see Oilcloth) .. ad val. 10% 10%Lumber and Timber of all klllds, round,
hewed, sawed and manufactured inwhole or in part..... . . .. . ad val. Free I 10%
Lamps, Lamp Fixtures, Lantern", etc ad \' ..1. " 11)°<, 10'!'IS Unless excepled under the trealv provi>ion,.without gla».
Machinery of all kind, ad val. Free 10%Matches of all kinds ad val. /6 IO~, !tJ%
,6 Except wooden rnat<'hes, which art: freeby treaty.
Matting-China. . . . . . . .. . per roll. I 00 I 00Matting, other than China. _ ad val. 10% 10%Mattresses. . . . .. . .. . , ad val. "Fn:e 10%
'7 All except h,lir, which is dutiable.Meats-fresh, smoked or preserved ad val. Free 10%Medicines (see Drugs) ad val.l 10% 10%
CUSTOMS TARIFF. 15i
ARTICLES.
IRATE OF DUTIES.
_ ~mu.S+"/lOtlllr
Millinery Good~-beads,bonnets, buttons,corsets, collars. sleeves and cuffs, 'not otherwise provided for ad vaL! 10 10%
Y10dels of Invention, if not fitted for use,free by Civil Code.
Molasses and Syrup of Sugar, the productof any cuuntry with which thisGovernment hali no treaty per gall. .10All other. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. ad vaLl Free 10%
Y1l1sical I nstrlllllents, not otherwilie pro- .vided for .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ad val.l' 10% 10%,8 If of wood, or wood 3nd mct31, free underthe treaty, IIn\e>s carved or pbtt:d.
10%10%25%
FreeFree25'X,
Nails (see Harcware) _.. ad vaLlNaval Stores ad val.Nickel-plated Goods. . ad val.
IOak Bark (set Tanning). . . . . .. . . Free FreeOats (set Grain) ad val. Free 10%Oil Cloth... . . . . . . . . .. . ad val. 10% 10%Oils, illuminating- or lubricating- ad val. Fret I 10%
Pe~nut per lb.. 02~ .02;-:;Bean and "ther China Oils ad val. ~5% 25%
Opiulll, or an} preparation thereof, prohi-bited, txcept to the BOdrd of Health.ad val. 15%' 15%
Ornamental V\ ork of metal, stont, marble,plaster lIt paris, or alaba tel', and allimitation" thertof ad val. '9 10% 10%10 Uth~r than iron.
Oysters, Clams, clC. (see Fish) ad val. Free 10%
Paintings, Pictures, Engravings, Statuary,Hronzes . . . .. . ad val. '02!i°{, 25%.0 Other th311 manufactures of paper.
Paper and all manuf<lctures there",' ad val. Free 10%Pelts and Skins. dressed ur undressed ad val. Free 10%Pens-gold. quill or steel ad val. Free 10%Perfumery. other than that which pays a
spirit duty. . __ ad val. 25% 25%Petroleum (see Oils) ad val Free 10%Pipes (sllloking), pipe-stems. bowls and
fixtures, cigar· holders '" ad val. ~5% 25%Pianos, Organs (parlor), Melodeons ad val. 2' Free 10%
20 If in carved finish, dutiable.Pitch (see aval Stores) ad vaLl Free 10%
CUSTOMS TARIFF.
ARTICLES.
153
RA l'E Of-" I>UTJES.
Fm U. S. AliOt/UY
10%1()oj;
25%15%.50
10 00:l5%
Free 10%10% 10%Free Ito 10%
other than grape juice, shall, if con-taining 9% and not more than 14u
,{, Iof alcohol, be subject to a duty ... per gall. .60If containing more than '[4% and Inot more than 21% of alcohol, it I
shall shall be subject to pay a duty. per gall. I 1.00If containing more than :ll % of al·cohol, such liquor shall be subj~ct
to duty as provided for spirits oflike grade. (Act 79 of 1896.) (SeeBrandy).
Starch ad val. Free 10%Stationery ad val. Free 10%Statuary (see Paintings) ad val. :l5% 25%Sugar-Refined. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ad val. Free 10%
Raw per lb. Free 02Yz
Tacks (see Hardware) ad val. FreeTallow ad val.l FreeTanning Materials-Oak Bark, Catechu, I
and other substances used in tan- Inin/{, free.
Tar (see Naval Stores) ad val.l FreeTea ad val. 10%Textile manufactures of wool, cotton, silk
or linen, or any two or m'ore uf I
them, otht:r than when ready-made Iclothing. . . . . . . . .. . ad val.' Free 2.
ql0 %"3 Unless otherwise provided for. I
Tin, Tinware or Tinned Goods ad vai.l~4 10% ~410 %". Except for materials for fruit cannin~ for ex· I
port. Chapter LIX., Laws of 1892. ITobacco Pipes (see Pipes) ad val. 25%Tobaccu and manufactures of tobacco ad val. Free
-China per lb.' .50-Cigars and Cheroots other than U.S.per M'I
Todt:t Brushes, Toilet Powders ad val. :l5%Toys, when made of paper, wood or metfll I
utht:r th~n tin.. .. ad val.l-All othet ad val.
Trees, Plants, Shrubs and Seeds ad val.;25 When not intended for salt:, tree by Civil
r.' Code. . IJ ncycles, Veloclpt:des ad val. 10% 10%Trunks, Camphor. . .............•....... eaCh/ .50 .50Trunks, all other not otherwise provided
for ..............•............. ad val. Free Ivi.
154 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
ARTICLE '.I /o(A TE OY 1)I·TI£.....
F", {', S'IA/I otJur
T I I d V .>I.I~/l 10~% 10""ype, type meta, e ectrotypes, etc a n ~
.6 Except wood type.
Wagons and Carts for the purpu~e uf agn-culture or drayage ad val., Free
'vVatches and Clocks, in whol,. or in part .. ad val. ~; I Oo~'7 . ot otherwi,e provided for.
Wood and manufactures of wuod or wuodand metal, except Furniture, eitherupholstered or carved, and Can ia~es.ad \'al. Free
Wool and manufactures of wool other thanready-made c1othin~ ad v,,1. Free
'vVines, Cord ials and Hitters above:!, "" ufalcoholic strength, and all othtr articles containing alcuhol or preserved in alcohol, or spirits abOvethat strength and below :~O"". unlessotherwise provided for. . per g,,1.
-Sparkling :-'Iuselle and SparklingHock.. .per doz. reputed quarts
per doz. reputed pints-Champagne. . per doz. reputed quarts
pt::r doz. reputt::d I'int~
-Claret, Rhine \Vint::, and other lightwines unde' :! Inn of alcoholicstrength. and not otherwiSt:: provided for . pt::1 doz. reputed quarts
ptr doz. reputed I'inbper gal., if in bulk
-Grapt:: 'vVines: For five years fromJan. I, IL9i. no duties shall belevied, collected or paid un anywines imported into tht:: Republic ofHawaii, made from the juice of tht::grape, which afe of less than I W'"of alcoh lic streng-tho (Act 0:2 of1~96.)
10"..10.,
10"..
10....
:! no
4 00.J 006 00:\ 00
.10
.:!O
. I c.
Zinc................... .. - . . . . . . . . dId ,.,1 Ill" III"..0
All other goods, wares or merchandist:: (II
whatever description, not providedfor in aboveschedule ............. ad val. 10"" I 10_
CUSTOMS TARTFF. 155
Importations into the Hawaiian Isl"nds from the UnitedStates, entitled to exemption from duties under the Treaty ofReciprocity, must be accompanied bl' Hawaiian Consular cer·tificate to that effect.
Hawaiian Products Admitted Into the United States,
Free by Treaty,
(Under the Keciprocily Treaty, from the Jla\\:tiian l:-bll(l~. \\II~11 prop~r1y l:erliticd befurehe U. S. Consul. or Con:-ular Agent. at tht: port o( ..hipn1t:1I1.)
Arrow-root; banana~; castor-oil; hides and skins, undressed;pulu; rice; seeds, plants, shrubs or trees; muscovado,brown and other unn:fin d sug-'lI', commonly known as"Sandwich Island sugar: ,. syrups of sugar cane, meladoand molasses; tallow; vegetables, dried and undried, pre·served and un preserved.
PORT CHARGES, HONOLULU.
Pilotage-Mail steamers, I nOI) tons $50 00Transient steamers " 75 00War vessels, per foot draught. .. . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. ~ 00Sailing vessels under :.10n tons, per foot " I 50Other vessels per ton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05Outside anchorage charge " :W 00
Towage Rates-Vessel~ under :.100 tons 30 00From :WO to 300 tons .. S \5. From 300 to 500 tops ·10 00From !lOO to 8UO tons. ~!i. From ,'00 to 1000tons. 50 00From IUOO to 1200 tons. 60. From 1200 to 1400 tons. 75 00Over 1·100 tons, !i cents per ton additional.Outside of pilot limits, or in case of accidents, etc., as
per agreement.Port Physician'S Charges-Boarding vessel outside 25 00
Boarding vessel in port, $15; at wharf. '" 10 00Harbor Master's Fee-Boarding vessel on arrival or de·
parture, or in moving, each time. . . . . . . . . . . . ... . 3 00Wharfage-Government or O. R. & L. Co.'s wharves,
per ton, per day 02YzWater Rates-To vessels at the wharf, per gallon UOYz
To vessels, by lighter, in harbor, per gallon. . . . . . . . .. .01To vessels, by lighter, outside the harbor, per gallon... .01 Yz
Marine Railway -Cap"city for 1700 ton vessels in light ballast-Hauling charge, per lon: Stea:ners 50 cents, sailing vessels40 cents. Charge after first day, 25 cents per ton for steamersand 20 cents per ton for sailing vessels per day.
HAWAIIAN ISLANDS POSTAL SERVICE.
(;f::-;Y.RAI. P'b I -0FYln:. Iiollolulu. Oahu. - Jos. ~1. Oal, Postmaster·General:\V. O. Alwater. "iecr"lary: II. D. Johns')n. Sup!. Sa\'ing, Ban\.. ()epartmenl,J. D. 11011, A"i,lanl; F. B. Oat, SUpl. ~Ione)' Order Departmenl, C. H. W.Norton and F. B. Damun, ..\-,islanl. : L. T. Kenake, Sup!. General Deli"eryand Slamp Depart melli, S. I.. Kekuman", .\-,i,lant; (;eo. L. Desha, Registry Dc·partmenl: C. J. Iiolt, Parcel, PUSl Departmenl; L'Iches' window ~I iss M. E. Low ..los. Liwai, ehas. Kaanoi. K. Narita, J. T. Figueredu, \Y. Q. Along, A. "Phillips, A.... :o;i ... tant ....
each week, lorFor \\-'aianae, b)'in Ihe morning 01
S. E. K. PapaaiBi hop Pahia
. . . William Fisher
. ..... (;eo. P. (;ad
I'O~I \l.-\"'lTF..K:-' 4):'\ ()Alll'.
I. E. KallOa L'Iie.. ... \\'- J. Lowrie Punaluu .. _
. .. Aug. Ahrens \\'aiahole.. __ A. S. ~Iahalliu Kaneohe
_.. Geo. Weight Ileeia .
OVf:RI.A'J> ~IAII. ROUTf:, (lAIlI·.
Lea"e' Honolulu al 10 A.~I. on Tue,day and Thursday,Kahuku, \'ia Pali, arri\'ing hack Wednesday and Frida)'.lrain Jail}'. 9:00 A.M. Or. on the arri"al "I lorelgn mailaho\'e days Ihe mail c1o,es al 4:00 I'.~I.
:vIail c1o,e, al 9:00 A. ~l. each day, lor Ewa and 1I0nouliuli Planlalion. hy Iherailroad, and rctllrn~ at 12 M.
On Monday, \\'ednesdayand Frida}', mail, are di,patched lor \\'aialua andKahuku \·ia Pearl Citl'·
Mail lor \-Vaimanalo clo'e, ·very \"'ednesday and Saturday al 10 A.~l.
I'O:"lr~tA.,rt':R:-' or-; t'At'AI .
Ewa.Honouliuli ....\Vaianae. _\VaialuaKahuku ..
K"aliaKilaueaKekahaVlaill\caI-Ian,ki
.. 1-:. C. Spaulding Lihu".....Ino. Hush Koloa ..
. F .. \"'. Glade Hanapepe.C. H. Holgaard ~'lakawcli.
C. II. Willis ~'lana.
C. H. Bishop. .... E. Strehz
. .... C. D. Pringle. . I I. Morrison
(;. Horchgre\'inck\IAII. KOU , ...... 0\ I..:: \l'AI.
FUHll Lihue to :\J.1113. Le.l\'':., Lihu' I'. O. en:ry \\'t:dnt:~dar murning,arri\'ing al Koloa ahoul nooll and al \\'aimea and ~Iana in Ihe e\'ening ofthe ,ame day. On returning Il':l\'c" ~Jalla t)n ;,,\aturdar morning. arriviog al
Koloa about noon and Lihlh: ill Ill\.' afterlluHIl.Frutn Lihue 10 lIanalei. -Leave, Lihue /'. O. every \\'"dn",day Illorning,
arriving at K"alia in Ihe "1lernOOn, at Kilauea ahoul noon. and Ilanalei in Iheafl~rnoull uf the :--alne tlar, n returning lean::-. Ilanalei on Friday and arrive.at Kilauea Frida)' en:ning. Leave.... Kealia abollt ~aturcb)' noon and arri\·e .... alLihue in Ih" alternoon.
I'V""I'~IA~I":R:-- O~ ~tAljl.
Lahaina. .., Ifred r\. Ilal',e1den Iionukohau U. Taylur JrWailuku W..-\. ~lcKal' I Kipahulu. . A. Buckholtz~1akawau Ja,..\nders·)Il Kahului.. . G. P. \VilderHana. .. Iohn (;runwald Paia J. W.Coh·illeHamoa. . .' F. Wittrock Ilamaknapoko.. \\'. F. Mossman~preckd,\·iJJe.. . J). Cenler lIudo !\1. MattsonUlupalaku.l . S. W. K. Apua Iionokow";.... . .. .c:has. Gohei .."Vaiakoa . . .. J II. NI,hwilz IPauwela 1'. J.;eaupunlKeokea . n. Kap'lhakimohewa Peahi . T. K. PaKaupo C. Lake Walhee W. H. ampbcll:.rakena " " ..]. ,,1. apoulou Keanae " " .. \!ll. apihaa
HA WAIIAN POSTAL SEkV1CE. 157
OVERLAND MAIL ROUTES. MAUl.
From Lahaina to Kaanapali and Kahakuloa, every week, mail clo e aboul9 A.M. on \Vednesday or Saturday after arri"al of steamers Kinau. Or W. G.Hall from Honolulu.
From lupalakua to Hana. weeki)", mail' closes in the morning on arrival ofmails from steamer Kinau.
From Paia to Hana, weeki}', mail closes. oon afler arri"al of sleamer mailson Tuesdays or Wednesdays.
MA I )IAIL ROUTES.
From Paia to Makawao, and to Haiku, daily.From Paia to Huelo, once a week; to Ulupalakua, via :\1akawao. weekly.If the steamer Claudine lea"es Kahului on Saturda)" for 1I0nollllu, the mail,
will arrive and leave Paia on Ihal day instead (If Friday.Mail for Hana sent by the Kinau or \\". C. lIall on Frida)"' ,Joes n')\ I.,a,·"
Paia lill Ihe following week.PO TMASTI::KS 0:" IIA\\"AII.
Hilo L. Severance Kailua.... . .1. Kaelemakul.,Papaikou G. E. Thrum Keauhou..... . .1. N. KoomoaHonomu. . . . .. . .. \Y. D. Schmidt I Kealakeakua R. WassmanKawaiha.,. . . . . .. \\'. Hookllanlli N"poopoo............ - -----Mahukona Jno. S. Smithies /lloopuloa... . Jos. HoliKukuihaele \Y. Horner Hookena.... ..T. K. R. AmaluWaimea Mis,E. W. Lyons I Pahala T. C. WillsKohala Miss E. D. Low lIi1ea..... Ino. C. SearlePaauilo J. R. Renton I-Ionuapo... . (;eo. DawsonLaupahoehoe E. W. Barnard Waiohinll... . .. C. MeineckeOokala R. Ivers Naalehu. . .. C. C. lIewiuHonokaa F. S. Clinton I Punaluu Wm. FennellPohoiki i\frs. R. Rycroft I Waipio :\1r5. Ana ThomasOlaa J. R. Wilson I Hakalau Oeo RossKalapana . . . . . . . . . . .. .11. E. Wi Ison
Mail leaves Hilo lor Olaa, three times per week.Sperial carriers erve the Laupahoehoe Post Llllice, as follow>: On arrival of
the Kinau every ten days, a carrier lea"e5 Laupahoehoe di-;tributing mail enroute as far as Hakalau. and returns, connecting with the steamer on her downtrip to Honolulu. Another carrier is dispatched, on arri"al of the Kinau, toserve the district as far as Ookala, and returns as above 10 meet Ihe steamer onthe down trip. These are independent of the regulal carrier who goes throughfrom and to Hila, every ten days.
r'rom Hilo to Honokaa.-Lea\"t's HiJo I' O. on Tuesday or Saturday in everyten days, arriving at Honokaa on Thursd,,)' or ~onday. On relurnmg leavesIionokaa on the same clay, arriving at Hilo on Saturclay or Wednesday.
Mail leaves Hilo on arrival of Kinau, arri"ing at Volcano HOllse same day:Waiohinu, 2d day; leaves \Vaiohinu 3d day carl)" and arrives at Papa; 4th dar'arrives al Kailua; 5th clay remains at Kailua; 6th day returns to Papa; 7th dar'arrives al Waiohinu; 8th day leaves Waiohinu arriving at Volcano House; 91hday arrives in Hilo; 10th day remains iR Hilo. and Ihe following day returns toWaiohinu, etc.
Mail leaves Punaluu for Hila, via Volcano 1J0use, immediately on arrival orW. G. Hall.
From Kawaihae to Honokaa.-Leaves Kawaihae P. O. on Wednesday orSaturday in every ten days, arriving at Honokaa Thursday or Sunday. Onreturning leaves Honokaa on Monday or Thursday, arrivin~ at Mahllkona onTuesday or Friday. Mail leaves Kawaihae on arrivdl of Kinau. for Kailua andconnectin~ with the Kau carrier at Hookena.
A special carrier now leaves Mahukona for Kawaihae immediately after arrivalof Kinau, with all mails for Hamakua district.
~laiJ t..:arrier leave" H ilo Tue..day and Satunby. and )lonJay .nd Thursdayahc=rnaldy.. Connects with steamer Kinau at Kawaihae.
158
Kaunakakai."'amalo .
fill IVIllJIlN ANNUAL.
l'lhl\1 \ ... tEK .... (l'\ \10It'l'AI.
... I{. \\'. \1 <")','r £'"l.. ,to .
..... II. ~I("( ·urfl ... tull L.lll.lI .. .....J. fl. ~Iahue
' ..\1 r-. T. L. lIa)'scl<1en
I'OSTAL TAIII.E OF RATES CH,\lH;EU TO C:OU:IITIlIES 1:11 TH~; UNIVERSAl.I'OSTAI. UNION.
.". .,; " N ,.j, 0> 0.. ~::; ;:. .:'" ";;,..- " ~'3
'.J~
I)t-::"III~ATIO~. { r " ~0;:;0,
" " 2 "~.:- OJ;
~::E ::: " ~;; ? 1 ~ ":n
...J ::: ~ " "" <-
Ali countries in Ih" L" ni\ l·r ..al1'0;,ta1 Uniun. 5 ct:-. 2 ('t .... 10 cl .... 2 ct .... 2 ct:-.. 2 ct~.
·I\'lcrchandisl" s:\fnples iloilO e\ccctl 2SU gram .... I)T S;~ U IIlCt.::-. except UnitedSlates, Great Britain, f\CW Zc:t1:llld anti :"c.:w :-;v\lth "·all: .... 10 \\hich countriessalnplt::s of mcrchandi ... l' nol cxccl'din~ 35') ~ralll~. (12 411l11(.:c..·~) In:l)' be maih:tl.
t Paper:"! 10 UJliIC~i Slale..... 'Ie\ico. Can:llb. and AU";lrala ... ian Culonics. 2ounces I Ctnt.
~ Register Fcc wit h r~lll I'll rCl:t'ipt, IS c.
INTEIl·ISLANU ANU SOUTH SEA ISI.ANIIS I'OSTAL RATE~.
III.
10 ct-.. 4 07 I ct. t15 Cl ...._~._~ 2 ct ....
Inter· Island .blands of the I'acific
;Ll.'tll'r ... I~
,.
'* 1. (:1.... Ie
10 ..:1 .... JC
I{~-gi<.
F~".
:\ t,;\\ :-.p:lpcr:"l.
Limit of 1'1I~ta~1'
cach rahdl:':lch fait..'I
Othermatter.
I c. perOt.~
4 c. p"r 4 UZ .
• Book~. Sample... :II tI :\h:rch3Ildi ... t.'. I Cel,t pt.'r ounce.t Pamphlt:t'i. Almanac-. (·,,"'ndar-. ~lagalin~-, and unl~)und pulolicatiun;,••1
nt:wspaper rate,.~Drop or city Idler .. HI IHin,,,-'d circular .... I celli.
I'AI~CEL I'OST KATES.
To U ;o<ITf:U S I \ I ,., ul Ameri~a, 12 c"nl - per 110 , or lra"l iun tht:reof.
Parcels shall I lIt e'L'e..:d II Ib.... in weight. nor the ftJlluwin~ dimensions:Greatest length. II,"'T feet -i\ inche-: Ihe gr"ale_t Itng:h and girth combined,six fet:l.
To CA:"AHA, 20 c.... nt .. p.... r III., uf fraClidll thl'n·of.Parcels. ha I not e\':..:ccd ; Ih~. ill weight, lIor the (oll"wing dimcn~ions: Two
ft:et in length. and one fOUl III \l dlh "r d"pth.To U:<ITF.11 "1"(WO~I- \ia Canada 24 "ent- 1'''' II,., or I,ncli"n thereof.Under the sam" condilion a- "ppiled to C.mada.
-------------1110. .; lit". 5 \"s.
New Zealand. . ..... :Ii 1(, $ .l9Australia. . . . . . . -":'5c I~
Weight ')f ('ackaj:;e not tv nc,·«1 5 II".Length, two f"CI: hreadlh lllJ ""plh, one fool.
$ .4 1 $ 54 $66
.sUGAR PLANTATIONS.
POSTAL MONEY ORDER R!~TES.
Inter,Islandor
Domestic.
FOREIG"Orders I Orders on
En!". Ger.,on Portu&,al ...
DE"OMINATIO"S., U. S. , Hongkon),\.
~ot-eXCeedini$5.\-25·-ctsl-zscts.'·$5 to $10.... . . .. 40 " , 40 "·ilIo to $20... 6o" i 70 "$20 to $30. 80 00$30 to $~o II 00 I 3°
$5°$40 to $)0. :_:. '.:...~L ~
5 5 cents10 10 l4
r5 IS20 20
50 25500 25C for ea.
INTER· ISLAND
DENOMINATIO",.
Orders not OIer$Over $5. not overOver $IO. not O\'erOver $15. not vel'Over $20. not overOv~r J5,o. not OI'er
MONEY ORDEI{S. - lJomestic postal money orders are furnished on"pplication a1 any of the following money order offices, payable at any othermoney order office named below.
ON HAWAII.-l-lilo, Koh::t1a, Honokaa; Vv'aimea, Kealakekua, Waiohinu,Pahala, Paauilu. I\.llkuiha, Ie, Hookena. Kailua, Laupahoehoe, Ookala, Mahukana, Naalehu, J-bkalal', Pohoiki.
ON MAul.-l.ahaina. \\'ailuku, Hamakuapoko, Hana, Makawao, Paia,Kip:thulu. Hamoa. Uillpalakna. On .\lolnkai-Kaunakakai and Kamalo.
a?' OAHu.--·Honolulu. \\'aianae. \\·"ialua. Kahuku. f1eeia and f1onouliuli.0" KAUAl.--l.ihuc. ""loa. \Vailllea. Kealia, Hanalei. Makaweli, Kekaha,
and J\tlana.f,ncign Money Ordl'r, are "sued, on written applicatio:J. at the General Post
Office ill Honolulu. "n the 'niled Stal,.,. Enghnd, Scotland, Ireland, Portugal,including Madeira and .-\ lo res l,land,. Germany, :'-iorway, Netherlands,I ;enmark. China a:ld llongkong.
List oli Sugar Plantations,Mills and Cane Growers. Through
out the Islands.
Thu,c marked ,,·ith an ,,,terisk I') are planters only; Those marked with adagger (1'1 are mills only: .\11 others are plantations complete, owning theirown mills.
AGENT.
.\\, G Irwin & CO' 1 Ld.J T \Vaterhouse.T H Davies & CQ. Ld.T H Davies &: Co. Ld.
l.t!C.\TH''\.,
-1---IK\.hab. Hawaii. H R Bryant. T H Davies & Co. Ld.. Eleele. Kauai. .-\ lJreicr. F A Schaefer & Co.I E\\ n. Oahu. \\". J. I.ow .. it:. Castle & Cooke. Ld.1:\1:'Ill:t, ~au:-,.i. H P Faye. H Hackfeld"& Co.\Yaimca. Kauai. .\)eitr l-\: Kru:,e. H Hackfeld &; Co.
I\Iakaweli, "-auai. (~ay ~ R0bin<;on J T \Vaterhouse.~a\\"ili\\"ili, K:lil'li. (; ~ \\~ilcox. H Hackfeld & Co.H;tiku. ~\latli. H P Bald,\-in.
Hila. Haw.ji. (-;eo R05:-.
Kohala. Hawaii. T S .KaYIHamakua, Hawaii. J R Renton l
Ho.makua. Hawaii. A Lid~:Ate.
\ ;ay ...\;: Ro',ill,,;,'n.
{ ;r0\ I.: I· .~rll\,
Haiku SU~:lr I....'v.Hakalau PI:UH'lI Co),Habwd :-\uo;::::ar l ·d.
Hamakua ".\1 ill C',.J. tHamakua Plamatinll t '~!.
" \ \1 ....
HtetTnft Pblltati{.'Il.
Elcr.le Plantation.
f':W:1 Plantat ion.
'Faye &, e(l. H P
~leier s: Kru""c.
160
HAMK.
HAWAllAN ANNUAL.
SUGAR PLANTATIONS. Etc.. Continued.
II H.lt:kfdtl &. t tt.
I I-f O:"ic.. & tv. J.d.r H I.a\ic.. & Co 1.1.1.l· Br~\\er ..1(.o Cv, J.d.('lllJtlt:' &: Cooke. I.d.
T H 1J•• \ic.. L'tI I.d., II ')a\u:.. £ Co. l.d.Ca.. llc: ..\: Ilokc. J.d..... ,\ "·iJcl1Iann.
Urc"cr & Cu. J.d.
". t; I r" ill & <.. 0., J.d.
... ,\ ~I.·h..er~r & Cu,
Hana Plantation, HalU;&, ~Iaui.
Hanamaulu Sugar Plant'll" I.ihll~. l(auai.Hanamaulu ~I ill, t Hallamaulu, Knu:Li,Hawi M ill A; Plantation. t\.ohala. I-Ia,,·ali.Hawaiian AKricultural Co. Kau, Hav.:;;.ii.Ha",,'n Com'l & Su~ar Co. ";pred..el ..ville. \lalli.
Hawaiian SUJear '0. ~laka""c1i. Kauai.Heeia Agricultural l'O, l.'lI Hecia. Oahu,
Hilo 'ugar Co. IHi1u. Hawaii.Hilo Ponug. SUi. Mill Co. Hila. Hav.aii.Holual ugar )lill Co. KOI1-a. Hawaii.Honokaa uear o. Hamakua, 1-1 ",,,,,,ii,Hononll.l uear Co. IH ito. Hawaii.HUh:hinson Sug Plant Co, Kau. lIa"aii.Kahuku Plantation. Kahuku. Oahu,Kaiwilahilahi Mill. Lauvah~hoe. Hawaii,
KeJcaha Su".r Co. t 'Kekaha. K:'lH,i.Kilauea. ug'ar Co. Kilauea. Kauai.Kipahulu ugar Co. Kipahulu, ~bui,
Kohala Plantation. ,,"ohala. Ha""3ii,Koloa SUlar Co, Koloa. K3uai.KuJ..aiau Mill '0, IHamakua. H3":lii,Kukaiall Plantation Co,' Hamakua, I"'"aii,Lai«: Plantation, I ni«:. Oahu,L.aupahoch Sugar Co, l.aUI)ah~h()«:. 'b"aii.Lihue Plantation. Lihue. Kauai,
)tak«:e SUS:a.f Co, Kc:alia. KaU3i.Niulii ~lill4k Plalllation. Kohala. Hawaii.310""3olu ~ugar Co. Olow3olu, 'I:;ui,
Onoma Sugar Co. Hilu. !faw:aii.Ookala Supr Co, Ookala. Hawaii,Paauhau Planl;lIion Cv, Halllakua, Hawaii,Pacific Sugar ~Iill.t Itamakua. Ha\o\aii,
P.i. Plntation, Paia, ~IaUl,
Pioneer ~Iill. Cu,. Ld, I.ahain;l..'btll.
Puehue'1U Plant'l. Co." Kohab.. lia"ail.
Pcpeekeo SuJ,tar Co, Hilo, Ii:l\o\ail,
Reciprocitr Sugar Co, Halla, ~Iaul.
Smith. Co, J K ~ Koloa, Kau:u,Uoion Mill Co. Kohala, Ha\o\ail.\Vaiakca Mill Co. Hilo. Hawa.ii,
\Vaialu:l Plantation, \\'ai:tlu:t, Oahu,Waianae 1)lantalion, \\'aianac, Oahu,
\Vailuku ll.li!:ar Co. \Vailuku, ~lnul,
Waimanalo ua... r Cu, \ValllUumlu, Oahu,Waimea 'u"ar Mill, \Vaimea,i\.amu.
" S Cj"nlrum, S~1 (;rint••wllI. Cu. Ld-" S "·i",,,. H Hackfcl(1 &: ( u.l' \\'oh",.. II Ii "'. kfrlrl &. l'v,
J Hint..!. I H I ).vi~.... ('0. Ld.(' ~l \\' .. lIl1n. • I·h~\o\"r ~ Co. Ld
I) CCllir II II:u'kfeld .'\: t '0.
ti .'lllrn'''Il. " (; 1'"111 <-, Cv.. 1.,1..~ K Hull " S (;rinl,.lulIl & t·.. I.J)vhn:\;"',ntl, "'Clr\\illl:' ·0., J.d.). G. Serf•• ~. II. t-t .. l.kfdd 6. Co.
ff "·ill 'er'Jlh. fl. fI:h.lft"ld '~·o.
) no \\ all F A ~ch.le(~r Cu.)no .'Iori. t' lin:"~r. Cu. 1.<.1.I; C fI~\o\t'II. '" C In,m.{ L'u, l.lt(;eor1{c \\' Clihl, .'1 S (;nllu.utll &. l '\J. 1.<.1
C ;\'cl t"11 IIa II , .,. It I):" it:" ok ('0. t,tl.Ollu I ..~',herg. H H:il..-lft'lll & t·..,(; R E"j I \\. (; I r", ill "CII., Ld.O-.c;tr l'lI11.t, II Ilal (el.l & Cu.
(; F )<"rll"II. t ....tic « ll)olc. Ld..\ l·nllJP. IJ Ilad.. feld« ell.
Ja.. k. K"lllun, 1 H J)jvie< &. Cu, Ld.J .\1 HIIIIlt:'r. II H.H.:kfdtl.t. Co.
S to: \\'lIl1r\ J I \Valcrhou ..e.
l' ~Il I.cllll.,", 1 It I )",\'it", & Co. I.dC lI"olt.., If If.<kfcld Jt Co.C; '-1 Fall. tllld. t' H ,",'er &' Co. I.,d.
Kohen H.dl. I H 1)'Hie .. ok l'o. Ld.:\ lI.ltlllf"ll4"'rK, \\ (; lr\\ ill & ('0., Ld.\\'111 \\. t 'Ht(.b.h·, l' Iirc\\er« Co. J.d.
'" <: \Vall...·r \\'1 t; II \\'111 & Co. l.J.,\ :\lllolt" \\' l; Irwin&: Co.. Ld.I) Furl 14"''' , F \ Sf ha.C'(~r \ t·o
I ". ('f," dlt·,
lap I. 'hll"lrIlJ< W:dln,c.
H 1)~:H':lJlI.
p ~lll..IIIC,
J K Farl,'"J KelllulI,
t'L' KCIHled)·.
Ital ..te ..d Ii ro.. ,:\ Ahren..
. H 11",11,.t; l'Ch .. llllt"f:OO
to..: to: t·'IIl.Hlt
TABLE OF COFFEE GROWERS THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS.
COFFEE GROWERS,-OLAA.
IArea or o. of trees planted.
under 3 years over 3 years.
3.520
4,992
13.000
11,700
5,0004,000
W. A. McKay,...... .... ............•.... 10,000J. Reinhardt,.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,510Chas. Trowbridge.... . . . . 42,000L. Turner, Kuoloa Plantn....... . . . . . . . .. . .. 35,000Florida Coffee Plantn., •. M. Fulcher... 21,760Queen Emma C ffee Plantn., J. E. Staples.... l:l 000E. A. Iloran......... . . . . . . .. . . 8:000Hikihiki Collee Plantn.,.. .. .... . .. .. .. .. 33,000B. H. Brown,. " .. .. . 3,200J. M. Janes,........................... 68,000Kanekoa Coffee Co.,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:3,000Kaleo Onomane Coffee Plantn.,.............. 85,000Ohialani Coffee Plantn.,. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . •. 6,400Barstow & Lunn.......... . . . . . •. ... "36,000A. W. Richardson,.... .. .. . .. ..•... 7,854J. P. Sissol1S: 1 10,000Pohakuloa. Httchcock,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,000Robt Zink,......... ., . " . 5.000W. B. ailima,. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . 360Abercombie & • mith,. . '1 64,000Iten & Adler,........... . " 23,000
35~~;~lt~~O~~"ff~~ &; ·c~;,~i.· Co., J. W. ·M·;s~n·,·.·.·.·. 200Grossman Bro .,. . . . I 30 000Olaa Coffee Co.,....... : : : . : : :: : : : : ..... : 80:000
~~::~~; 'C~ffe~ ·C~.·.· H. T. H~;";bly;"": '.:.::: I' ... 30:000"E. Peck, .. . . \ 14,960Aloha Co.,. . .. . . 142.800Dr. . Russell. 17.680C. Supe,. . .. . .. . j 6,800A. Zimmerman.. . . 1 8,840 I1,560A. F. Linder, / 6,800 I .Whitney, ichols & Templeton, , .. .. 35 acrs. 30 acrs.Mrs. H. :;. Lewis,.......................... 80 "
• f c: ..... ly lJlamed.
CO~·FE.: GROWERS,-!\ORTII HILO ANDHAMAK A.
Ahualani Coffee Plntn. G. H. Williams, '1
Booganville Coffee Plntn. Hitchcock, .A. W. Crockett..... . .Thos. McKinley,........... . .E. W. Barnard .J. M. Barnard, Pliss) .H. Okamura, : .
7,100
) ,000
5,0007,200
)5,0003,0006,000
30,000
162 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
Table o~ CoHee Growers Throughout the Islands. -Continued.
COFFEE GROWERS,-NoRTH 1I,\.o A~1l
H A~tA K U A .-COnlinu~d.
Area or :\0. of tr,,~, planl~d.
undt::r :-; )'t:ar:-. Ovc;r a year:,.
~,ooo
;.000
W.OOO
11,00010,000:?4.00012.000
1.009
:10.()(}(l1.000
.iO.ooo635
:10 aclS.
I"I
I"I
I
:1,0006,0000000
:10:000~.OUO
i.OOO8.000~O acr,.0,0002,0008.0001,000
08400o ,'00:~,;oo
~1.400
11.000
Newarea
cleared
KaNA LIST.
Corrr;r; GROwr;RS,-KoSA, HAWAII;OAHD, MAUl. ASO KAVA\.
Honokohau Coffee Plntn .Mc'Nayne Bros. Collee Plntn......... 00 000Keahuolu 'offee Plntn .• G. ~1c D"ugal I; .00uKeal.kehe offee Plntn., G ~luller. 18,000Puukal. offee Plntn., J. K.elemakule. _ 26.000Kana Coffee Co... 1.3,000Lan iha u Coffee PI n tn ..... ~. __---:~~_...:,..~_'____19:..:._=_000_=__=__
Area IArea I tal Area or:'-Iewl)' 3 vn., old Trees inPlanted planb. bearing.
R. Low, .....C. Gertz Jr.... . .Glengaller Call: e Plntn., ..Arcadia offe~ Plntn .•Ocean View Coff"e Plntn ..Honomu Sugar Cos's ·off".. plntn ....Anton Waltjen .Kukaiau Collee Plntn .. J. ~t. Horner..C. Williams, .W. H. Rickard, ." ( pprox.)Waipio Valley Plante , , .Kukuihaele Planters, ,'.Kaauhuhu Homesteads ..Haukoi native....Honokaa Home teads ....Kaapahu Homesteads..Paauilo Homesteads,Kainehe Homesteads, .
Of the sundry Harn.-'lkua home.. tead planter .. ahollf10,000 tree, onl}' arc over three yeah old.
Ii a.
KONA.
A, S. Cleghorn, .Mrs. E. C. Greenwell.. . .J. M. Monsarrat. Kola,.F. Buchholz, Papa ..... , ....D. Kaowa and others. Kukuiopae•.J. Silva and at he". Pahoehoe, .....Various parties. Opihali .....W. E. Rowatt,,_F. Wilberton, Honokua ..W. F. Wilson, Iionakua...... . ..... 1Kalam.kumu Coffee Plntn. (G. par) ....Kouteali offee Plntn •. . . . . . . . . . .. IH_a_n_o_k_u_._C_o_ff_e_e_P_I_n_t_n:..:.,~.:,.'':,..:,.._._. ._._._._ : ....
I.i a. l,j acr>IUa. IOac,"
:1:!.OO(lt .1,000 1 10.000
30.000
COrl'EE GROWERS.
-- -------------Table o~ Co~~ee Growers Throughout the Islands.-Continued.
5 acres· .50 a. 3 acres .30 a. 20 acres .
Area 1 to l Area Of ::{ yr . old 'rree in
plants. bearin~.
50,000
10 ..7 ..
20,0005,000
30 acrs5 ..
3060
220 "IS20 .~
8J2 l'15 ..
5 ..
5 a.
6 a .
5 a.
15 a.
ti a.ti a.
10 a .30 a.' .
8,000 t
3,0007 acrs
2 acn3.000 t 2,0005 acres· .
800
:l0.000 t3,000 t
7 a .10 a.
J '9781 ........:36 a. '0 aen15 a. 7 aen21 a'115 acrsII a .2 a .
. .
100,000 t17 a.5 a.
45,000 t10 acrs
10 a.. . . . . . . . I
5 a.JO a.J5 a.
10 a.
!) a.25 a.20 a.
:30 a .
Areat'\ewly
Planted
8 a. "90,000t.
III :1.
10 a.
::::: :1", 40'~:40 a
5 a.5 a.
25 a.
I :\ewArea
cleared
I·1" ., ...... ..
.• 1.
:·1···· ....... .
····1·· .... ... .
COFFEE GI{CWERS.-KoNA, HAWAII:
OAHU, MA I AND KAUIA.-Continued.
South Kona Coffee Co·s. Coffee Plntn ..C. Meinecke, KauC. Hooper. Kauleoli .C. W. Achi,Dr. Lindley, Kealakekua .W. W. Bruner, Kaawaloa .T. K. R. Amalu. Honokua .J. Kaeo and others, Keokea & Honam u.J. Friedlander, Kauhako .Keane and others, Keei, I and :l.M. Hu and others, Kukuiopae...U. Hao and others. HonokuaKaeo and Kekoa, vVaiea.Lilikoi and other, "ealia :l..Olelo I and others, I ..Poli and other, Kauhako..T. L. Andrews, Kealia:l .L. Ahnng, Kukuiopae. . .Y. Akaikaka, ..Lahaina Coffee /I: Fruit Co.. \\'. Y.
Horner, .Mokuola Cof'lee Co., Kaupo .E. E. Paxton, Kaupo .Waianae Coffee Plntn., Oahu, :tbolltW. G. Irwin, Maunawili,.....F. Pahia, Heeia, .H. W. Schmidt, Ylaluhia,.H. H. Parker, Kaneohe,.J. K.. Smith, & Co. KauaiW. H. Rice I r., Kauai.A. Lindsay, Kauai, .Napali Ranch, Kauai, .. " .
LOWER PUNA.Keaau Coffee Plantn., \\'. H. Shipman ..R. Rycroft, Pohoiki, ....R. A. Lyman, Kula, ........•.........J. E. Eldarts, Keau, ....W. J. Lowrie, Keau,...... . .Goudie Bros, Waikalaula. . .. . .M. W. Crooks, Pahoa, .Dr. Williams. Pahoa;Miss H. E. Wilder.A. A. Wilder, .H. Rycroft, .Homestead settlers, Pahoa ..H. Lyman, Kapuhi ..Wight & Falk, , ..A. W. Carter,...... . .Judge Kama u , , . , , , , , , .
~·u~dr;a~:;:~~~ '. '. ~ '. '. '. : : '. '. '. : '. '. '. '. : : : : I: :::::• No. of plants in nurser
164 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
POST OPHCE 3TATISTICS.
LETTERS P" SINCi TIl ROUGH THE GE ERAl. Po l' OFFICE
HONOLL'Ll', FRO~I I :-,:! TO JULY, 11'\96.
Received. Flln\ardt'd. I{eccin:d. Forwarded
18821883··· ...1884.·· .1885··············· .I 86 .I 87 .1888 .1!S89· .189°··················· .1891. .1892 .1893 .1894 ..I 95 ...896 (6 mos. to July).
I 5.006195,808199,4811116.92 4476,63 1
61 -9/io6<)2.9 15716,496776.486867.248871.009871.466'90,85 2
1,065,.P4626.262
230 ,0°5241.54 2253. 136 '349,421254. 1772CJ9· IS3333. 2H336').3 14359.780393.60 ;5.p·no42 7.7 64504,2~5
'i"·7")266.n~4
·509'°8.98513 1.76 ,134. 17513 2 • 9514.1,15144.430
.66,39S200,399223,620226.7 15253,279278,2°7.1 02.53"174,533
96.4 2120,063146,8 15133,594136,5u 5136,2'7'40 ,7 6.•165,262204,)94220,3°5239, 01263.7432 3,299297.0 315',97 1
The figure givcn ror Inlcr i,land lell"" received. ,inc," I 85, includc citydrop letter, alld letter, rccei\'ecl frtllll the otht'( j,lalld ... fCir (l,rwardance abruad.
ARM; EL.EVATION AND PUPUL/\TIO:ll OF THE IIAWAIIAN ISLAND.
Hawaii... . ,Maui .Oahu.... . .Kauai. .Molokai .Lanai .Niihau .........•....Kahoolawc.
.\rl'a III ... tat. .\crt .....lIei~hl III Population .
"c!. mile.... fc-el. I 96
4. 210 ~.(XX).ooo 13.800 33. 2857t><' 400.000 10,012 17.7 266"0 160.000 4.03° 40 ,2059;0 15°,000 4,800 15,22 '
27° 200.0"0 3,000 2.3071;1) 100.000 3.000 1°5lJi 70.000 800 .6463 3o .t XX) 1,45°
Honolulu's Oldest BOOR-Binding and
Paper Ruling Establishment,
.• Friou!" Hulldill!!, Ht'/h, I Sirl t t. !{OIlO/lilli.
All order for the manufacture of SI'E 'IAL ilL,', K BOOK,
or the bindinl! of i\L\(;AZI:-\ES, :\fUSIL' or other work to pattern.MAP MOUNTI:-;C;. PERFOI{ATI:-\C;. BLOCKI:\,C;, etc., attended towith promptne s andcare.
OCEAN STEAMER TIME TABLE FOR 1897.
OAT': DUE STEAMER FROIoI WHERE IJOU:-D TO SAtL
En ruute for San Fra,.,.cisco ... Jan. IReturns to 13En route for
10.. China and Japan. 14.. Culonics. 14.. l hina . nd Japan. . 23.. :,an Francisco. . . . 29
Returns to ... Feb. toEn route for 4
7.. China and Japan. 9.. C"lonies.. II.• China and japan. :lO.. :"'-~lll Francisco.... ~6
I<eturn to '" Mar. 10En JOtlle for 4
IIII2023
I
H :"'\3 n Franci!-ico . ...
Colonies July.• China and japan.
.".. San Francisco ....
" Chin and Japan." Coh,nies .., China and Japan.I. Sa n Franciscu .
Returns t·, ApI.En fl)Ule tor 7
3.• ChinJ and Japan. i.. Colonies...... . . S.. China and japan. I ~.. San Francisco.·.. 2:3
Return, t, May 5En route f,.r ApI. 29
.. .. ~fay ,.• Colonie..... . . . 4.• China and Japan. 8
.• 18.. San Francisco... . 23
... lune 2.., .·M<ty 2~
... June I.• Colonies. . . 3.. China a~.d japan. 5
I~
20302429
I3
It18
Returns toEn route for
Returns toEn r lilt: If)!'
I-Cuptic Chi. &: .lap.o-Australia San Fran ..j ~Monow.li _Colunie!-. . . '
10--Rio de Janeiro .. Chi. & lap.14 -Ptru ... .. an Frail.14-:\lariposa . . . . . San Fran ..23-Coptic. . . San Fran ..:!9-City of Peking.Chi. " lap.:!-Australia San Fran .4-Alameda .. . Colonies .~-Doric Chi . .'\: lap.9-Gaelic. . . . . San Fran .
II - \lonowa; ..... San Fran .20-City til Peking. San Fran ..:!o-l:3clgic. .. .(·hi. &: jap ..
2-Australia -;an Fralt ..4 -:\lariposJ Colo ",ics7-Peru Chi & jap..
II--China San Fran.II-Alameda San Fran ..20-Belgic San Fran ..23-Rio de janeiru.Chi. & jap..30-Australia San Fr.,n .
I-..'Ionowai Cnlunit:s .3 Gaelic. . Chi. &: Jar..-- optic...... . S~n Fran .--Maripusa Sa I Fran .
17-Rio de janeiro.San Fran .:.!3-Doric Chi. & jar..:!7--Au.tralia San Fran .29--Alameda Colonies.
China China " .lap.0- ~1 onowai :,an Frail ..-City of Peking. San Fran .
I -Doric.... .San Fran .23-Peru .. · Chi. &Jap ..25-Australia :'an Fran .2~ -1\1 ariposa Colonies .I~Coptic Chi & Jar.3-Ahmeda San Fran .J-l:3elgic. . .. San Fran .
Iii-Peru.... ..San Fran .20-Gaelic Chi. c' Jap.:!:.!-Australia. . . San Fran ....:.!4-1\1onowai Colonies.29-City of Peking. Chi. & Jap..I-Mariposa San Fran ..3--Rio de Janeiro. San Fran .
14-Gaelic San Fran .18-China Chi. &. Jap ..
May
Feb.
ApI.
jan.
june
M ....
July
166 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
Ocean Steamer Time Table ~or 1897.··Continued.
FRO~t WHf-WoE 80\'~1J TO SAIL.
Aug.
Sep.
Oct.
ov.
Dec.
2O-Australia. . an Fran ..1"2-Alameda . . Colonies ....27-Belgic.. . ('hi. & .1'1'29-~lonowai. San Fran.
·Doric. . .. . .......n Fran ..12-- China. . San Fran ...15-- optic.. ·hi. & JapI'-Australia..... San Fran .19--~lariposa ·ulonies .2<l-Rio:de Janeiro.Chi. & Jap ..26--Alameda. San Fran .31--Perll. . San Fran .
\1_. Coptic. . San Fran.14--Cityof Peking Chi. ~ Jal'14--Allstralia. San Fran .16-~lonowai. . .. l·olonies .-.z'- ~laripo5\:l. :-)311 Fran ..2"- Doric... . Chi. & Jap..'1 Gaelic. . . . . San Fran .\1- ity of P,·k"I/{. San Fran .
1:l-Bc.lgic. . ... l·hi. ,'( .lap ..12-Australia . 'a" Fran ..I"-Alameda ... 1 "I ..nie•.'11 -~Iono\\ ai. :--an F,. ..n.:..'2-Peru. . .... Chi. ,\. lap..211-China .. "an Fran .6-Belgic .. "an Fran .!I-Rio de jalleiro ( hi & Jap ..Y-Auslrali.t ~all Fran
11-:\lariplI,a ... ~ llilmic!o-..18-Alamecl.l San Fran ...19-Gaelic Chi ,\ jap25-COPI ie. . . Sa" Fran.4- Rio de lant·"" Sa .• Fran ...7-Austrafia :--an Fran.Y--~Iono\\ai l"qlnnic:s .
10 Doric I hi &. jap .16--Mariposa San Fran..19- hina.. .Chi. ,,< jap..25--CilY ot Pekin/{ "an Fr.ln ...
Return. toEn route fur
.. Colonies
.' China and japan. Aug.
.. ~an Frallci~co
Return ... to..... n ruute tor
" "'o1onies... China and japan
Sep."' ~an Francisco
Return~ tvEn route fur
d Colonit:!'.. San Franciscu..... China and japan.
OCI.l. "an Franci~co...
RelUTn"" tuEn ft)Ult: fOI
Colunic~
I. San Francisco... 'hina and japan.
~ov.
.. :-,an Franci ...cu ...
.. Culonit::oo..' ~:tn Francisco ...•. China and japan.
2'1"1:li~\I
;$
12152519242ti319
14:!2IG2324289
12:!O14212228
6\I
"II181\125
4159
10161925
The foregoing table nf Ucean Steamers for the yelf 1897 embrJce simplythe several lines scheduled to touch at this port tu and from San Francisco, bywhich the regular mails will be received, or dispatched. Additional to theabove list is the e,tablished line of Canadian Australian steamers m"nthly,between Sydney and Vanc",,,·,,r. touchin/{ at Fiji and Iionoluiu en route. Thenon-receipt of their new time table, and prospecti"e addition of a third steamerto the line. precludes the possihility uf in luding them at present writing. Also;the monthly call uf the Pnrtland line of Steamers tn the Orient via Honolulu.with possible regular call on their return trips, and the Nippon Yushen Kaishaline of teamer> bet\\ een YukohJma and Seattle, touching at this port en route.
COURT CALENDAR.
The several terms of Circuit Courts are held chronologically throughout theyear as followa:
First \,yednesday in ]a:1Uary, in the town of hilo, Island of Hawaii; first:'vIonday in February, in the city of Honolulu, Island of Oahu; first Wednesdayin March, in Lihue, Island of Kauai; first Wednesday in April, in the town ofKailua, N. Kona, Island of Hawaii; first i\londay in May, in the city of Honolulu, Island of Oahu; first Wednesday in June, in the town of Wailuku, Islandof Maui; first Wednesday in July, in the town of Honokaa, Island of Hawaii;first Mond 'y in August, in the city of Honolulu, Island of Oahu; first Wednesday in September, in Lihue, Isiand of Kauai; first Wednesday in October,in North Kohala, Island uf Hawaii; fir t Monday in ovember, in the city ofHonolulu, Island of Oahu; first Wednesday in December, in the town ofLahaina, Island of i\laui.
By Circuits the several terms are held as follows:First Circuit-Island of Oahu,
On the first Monday of February, May, August and November.
Second Circuit-Island of Maui,On the first Wednesday of] une, Wailuku, and on the first Wednesday
of December in Lahaina.
Third Circuit-Island of Hawaii,(Hawaii is divided into two circuits).On the ftr~t vVedne day of April, in Kailua, N. Kona, and on the first
Wednesday of October, in t\onh Kohala.
Fourth Circuit-Island of H::.waii,On the first Wedne day of January, in Hilo, and on the first Wednes
day of July. in Honokaa.
Fifth Circuit-Island of Kauai,
On the first \\ednesdays of i\Iarch and September, in Lihue.The terms of the Circuit Courts may be continued and held from the opening
thereof respectively until and including the twenty-fourth day thereafter,excepting Sundays and legal holidays.
UPREME COURTS.
The terms of the Appellate Court are held as follows: On the third Mondaysof March, Iune. September and December.
REGISTER A D DIRECTORY FOR 1897.
L~(.hL.~T1Vt'; MOD\'.
NATlu:O-AI. (;1 ,0\1<11 tH' 11.-\\\ \11.
REPUBLIC OF HAWAII.
lPt "'"til. HI- "'ATP-.
\V . \Vildcr. Cc..:il Brown, t' ~I l'.,ukC', inoElla, J A t\.clIlleJr. A f; .\1 l{olx:rt..,Ull. I J I.Naone. P C Jonc-. JIIO Non. l' HtJ!tt", J I'Mendonca, t; \V Smith. T B )Iurra, • .\1 I-'Robin...on, . K K.~·lIe.
. Henry Smith
. .... Honolulu
........ Ewa.. '" \Vaianae.. Koolauloa
. .•.• \Vaialua. .... Koolaupoko
IS1 ... I<I·I.... I .. I< .... prl.
.... \V I.uther \Vilt'o~
.1 i Cheung. ... ..C ;\ D"l·le\\' JOlle .. , 0 H Hradlllck
1I\1t1.
(; I)•. 1..1. "ergllc.\V I. \Vikox (Dcput y)S HookalloJ Kckahulla ....\\'IU Rathburn.Ed 1I0re ....E P Aikue ..
Ila" aii:l.1lChinc-..c1:'1Mllt-..e.:"itclltlt.::r:l.phcr...
Cieri.. Jutlici,try 1)eparilltent
District Magistrates.
ll ... I<I\:'" II" ... 11·IH" ... \SU (11«1'11 (ol·R,. ... :
'tcnr)' Smith .. ex officio1..1 (Ierk 1:01 Circllil. O,dltl Cev l.lIen ..:!lld clerk l .. t Lircllil, () thll. .J. A. Thornp:!IOli:~f11 Llel'k 1,1 \.·irccil. 0,dlli. P D KeilclI, Jr~t·t·lllld \.·irnlil, .:\I~tui. (;OOt.lale Arrn ..trollJ.t:ird alltl 41h (.:ircuit .. , Ibwaii. .1 )aniel PorterFifth Cin':lIil, Kau:l.i . R \" T Pur vi ..
Department or Judiciary."'l·I'K ..:~It·: (01'1( r.
etllcf Ju ..tit.:e. .1t0l· A F JuddFir ..t .\ ....ociate j u.;ticc. . .... ,. HOll \V F Frc;,rSccond A .....ociaie lu .. li e. ..11011 \\':\ Whitilh.
Circuit Judges.
"·ir..t J u(I~ .. ht Circuit. Oahu .. Hon :\ \\' Carter~t:: 'ond Juth;e 1.., (,in-ult, O.dlU.. 110:1 A Perr)'SCl,md Circuit. \1:\lIi ....... lion J \V Kalua:trt! .lIld 41h ·ircuih. fl.t\\aii.llon E C Hitt.:hcockFirth ... ·ireuit, Kauai. . Hun J Hardy
L'OIllI':All)' "II."lapt. I' It \Iurr.l.)· 1..1 I.leu', ". \V Carlyle, tlldI.leul. E It F \\·oller ..
Fir .. t C'Jmp.tll) t)f Sh.1rl' :-;ht)Oter...
C Ipl, \\. E \Vall. 1..1 Lieu\, J I. \IcLeall. 2ndl.icUI. Jilt.> l·a.... idy.
Lurll~HlY "II."
('apt, C J .\IcC.,rthy. 1..( Li .. Ul, 0 Bent..trunl.tnt! l.it·Ul. C ~ Crane
COIllI·.,lllY ·'E."("apt, \ Co)'ne, I.. t l.icu!, Jill) E\cn ..cn, tndI.ietlt. ----
l.olllIP.W)' "F."Cal", \' \\. 1.1.·glcl: 1..1 IICUI, II Lutlt.wig, :!lld
Lieu\, ---Cumpa'ly "(:."
(·.tpt. Jnhn Kea: 1..1 J.iel,t, S l. KekulIl:lIltJ.:!nd LicHt. (:u ..ta\ c }{" .. t.".
Company '·C."Capt, J \t Cam:lra. Ir I ..t I.ieut, ~l L·,)..t:l. tnt!I.icut. E Siha.
I'/t;H
.... R H :\Id.c:ln.J II Fi ... her
... (;e0 F .\h:Lew.... J II· lone-
. fJrc .. idult :;anfur I H Dulc.... Juhll II :-'"per
\bjor (;\:u l.' Poller\bjor CUrll ... " I.llIkcn.. Laptaill.'" .\ ~il~l1e)
.. Capt.i1fl J \\. I raU
Commander ill l·hier .Adjutant (;cnrral,Ort.! nance OO·".;er.QuartePlIlaster.Aid·de.Camp.Aid·de Call1lJ··
Flr:.t H.egilllcnt.
Colonel COllllllalltlingLirut Culonel.Majt>r I...t BalLtliullMajor :!nd Batt:llioll
Ket:irnental St:lfTRe~irnclltal SlIr).:con.. . .. :'\l.ljur. l·. B. .. 'uol>erOrdnance Officer... . Captain :\ (~.tnc:nhul'~
Quartcrl11tl ..tcr. .Captain \". (: .\ ..hle)Adjllt~nt. . Captain John S4..haercl.~urJ.tcon tnd Hattalh>n R. P. \lp r..Suq~eoll 1..\ H ,lIaliol1 .. J. :'. Way"ollAdjutant, h\ H.lttalioll . Loui .. T. Kenal..eAdjutant tnd Battalion. . Ed Tow..e
Lillc-OlTl<.:cr..Company "r\."
Capt, Paul Smith: I.. t I.ieut. \V Feller, :!11l1Lieut, Henry KICUllIlt'
Company .. H."
Capt, E 0 \~/hite, l~t Lieut, E A JacuultOll t 1ndLieut, HAG iles.
"E:o. A1 (1)( ....
Hawaii-J. ;(auhnnc. F. S. Lyman. F. ~\)rth·
rup. 1-1 I. Hol"It:!1lJlflui-H. P. H::dd\\in. A. Hocking \\'. Y. JI"r
ncrO(llru-Cc..:il Browl1. I. A . .\lcCandlc...... , 11l..'llry
\Vatcrhou ..c. II. \\1. ";\"hmiJt, \\'. C \"ildcrJ. N. II"ri~hl.
Kallfu' -\V. II. Rke, C. N. \\·ilcox.
I<f!I'I<K~"'N rA lIV":~.
l1a1uaii-E. E. Richard .. , KulJert I{yuufl, to:. C.Bond, G. B. KamaUt>ha.
,)faui \V. P. H.lla, -\. P.lIi, E. ~1. HanulI:l.Vakil .\. (;, ~I Kuben"oOlI. I). l.. :'Ibul1e. E.C. \Vin ..toll. J:une" I )avi... L. ~. It alu.a1.lIli. J.C. Clune'.A~tt,,(u·-:-'. K. Karo, \V. \1cHr)'4Je.
t-:XEl.1 f1\ to: ...-\11 "'l II •.
Sanford B. lltllc, Pre.. illclll of the KcvuhliL ufHawhii.
Henry E. l\) 'pcr, \Iini ... tcr of Fl)r~i~!1 .\ffair~.J3.mc~ A. King. 1\lini ..tcr of the Interior.Samuel ~I. 1):un'Hl, \ljrli ... tcr of Finant:c.\Villinm O. Smith. :\ttorney·General.
REGISTER AND DIRECTORY. 169
Iloilo ....:\IanilaCuba
Valparai ..o, South America David Thomas'harge d·.\ffaire~ and Consul·General.
Lim l, .' lith Amerka. . F L 'rosby, Consul~lol1te \·Ideo. S .J.\merica ....C Hughes, Con:o.ul
Plrillipine Islands.... Geo Shdmerdine, Consul
..... '. ·.~~~C~~ ~~ ~~d:ft'. <too~:su~i
IDiplomatic and Consular Representatives of
Hawaii Ahroarl.
III tke UJliltd Slates.
IUnited States-Francis i\J Hatch, EnvoyExtn10ruinary and Mini .. ter Plenipotentiary,\\'ashington, D C.
. ecretary an I Charg-e d' Affairc"l F P Hastjn~s .New York--E H Allen, Consul-General for New
York and Atlantic Seaboard States.San Francisco-C T \Vilder, Consul-General for
the Pacific . tates: California, Oregon, :\e•"ada ~nd \Vashington., J F Soper. Viceand Deputy Con:"ul·Geneml.
Chi"a~o-Fred IV Job. Consul·General. for I iii·noi", ~I ich igan. Ohio, Jndiana and \Visconsin.
Philadelphia. ... . .... Robert H DaVIS. ConsulBO~lOn..... Gorham D Gilman, Consul General
for New England States.Portland. Or.. . J ~lcCraken. ConsulPort Townsend, \Va~h James G wan, ConsulSeattle. . Jno H Carter, ConsulTacoma, \\·a~hington.. J T Steeb, Acting Consul
:til Die~o, Cala.. . H P \Vood, ConsulOetroit.. . A L Bresler, Consul
/1{exico.
t\lc.\ico, Col \V J P Gres:-, COllsul·Genr'l; \V A0<= l :ress, Vice-Consul.
\Ianzanillo. . .. Roben Jallle:-. Barney, Consulr-":'n:"cnada. . ..... Jas 1\loorkens, Vice· Consul
Central and Soullt America.
.... Lihue... Koloa
Hanalei.. _ \\'aimea
..... Kawaihau
... Hilo. Hilo
.. ~orlh Kohala.. South Kohala
. Korth Hilo.. Hamakua
. Puna. Kau
• .........•. 1 orth Kona. Suuth Kon;t
KAl"AI.
I-IA\\ \11.
.... \Vailuku. Lahaina
.. .\bkaw;lO...... Halla
_. Kipahulu, H an:l., t-Ionuaula
.. ~Iolobi.................... . Lanai
Grtat Britain.London,. . . .:\lar,l~y Hopkin~. Con:-.ul-Genr'l
Cyril Hopkins \'ice·Consul.Li"erpool" . Harold Janion, ConsulHri ... lol. . .\lark \Vhitwell. Con~ul
It ull. \V :\loran, Consul~ e\\La ...tlc 011 '1') ne. . .. . .. E Biesterfeld, Consul
Foreign Consuls. Etc. Falmouth... . .... l.' R Hroad, ConsulUnited State:o.-Con ..ul· l;cncral, Elli .. .:\Iill ... : I>o,~r (:\Ild the Cinque Porb), Francis \Villiam
Vice and Deputy l·'Hhl1l·(;~lIer:tJ. \\' P.\fter Prc..colt. LOn'iul.Hoyd. SW;l.n..ca. . H Goldberg, ConSUl
ltaly- FA:"' hat::fcr, (DCdl1 of I hc L'ol1 ular Corp:-) CarJiff,.. . . . , Bovey, Consul~etherlands......... . .. J 11 Pat}" Edinburgh .tIIl! Leith ...• E C BUChanan. ConsulBelgium... . .. If Focke (;I~gow Petcr Denni:-ton, ConsulAustri·.-Hul1j;{ary. F Hackfdd Dundee. ..J G Zoller, 'onsulSweden and ~orway. . Act·i;l~. C S \\'ei~ht I )lIhlin... . .... R Ja~ \lurphy, ConsulDenmark........ If R \Iacfarllne Queen to\\n. . .Ceo B Daw~n, ~onsulGerman lmpirc J F Had.reld 11:~lra..t ~V A .Ro~s. Con~ul:\1exico... H Kel1Je... ~hddle .. iJorotll.!h Be Atkll1son. ConsulPen: .. . Bruce Carl\' r1J>ht Hutislt Coloilies.Chili................. .... Juhu~ Hotll1!;(;reat Britaitl, \.it.:e,Col1:-uI ,.", R \\'alkcr 'I'orullh), OIlt.II·IO, J E Thompson, Con~ul·GeneralRu~sia, Acting Vice-Coll ul. . .1 F I-Iackfdd Col l;eo t\ ~ha\'l, \·\cc·Con ... l1l.Spain--Vice-Con:-ul H Kenje:oo 1'lolltreal. . Dick'loll Ander..on, ConsulChinil-l'olllmcrcial AgcllI, (;.00 Kim ,,"ui: .-\ ..... i-;· King~IOII, Ont:l.rio ..Ceo Richard~on, Vice·Consul
lant COlllmercial ..-\~t:IH. \VOIl.~ Kwai. I Rilllou ..ki, \lllchec, J N .PoliliOl (2 C. Vice-ConsulUnited Stales Con.,Tr Ag·t. Hilo. .C Fl1rneaux ~l John· .... N B..... ..-\l1an 0 Crook~hank, ConsulUS Con:,ular : gent, Kahului.... A J Uickens Varmuulh, N S, ., .l=:d F Clements, Vicc-Consul
AClin&". ) ViCh)na, B C 1{ P l<.ithet, Consul·t..: S COI1!'ular A.cl. ~I ...hukolla. ACling. C J Falk General for British Columbia.
Diplomatic Representatives Accredited tothe Hepublic of Hawaii.
Un tcd tatcs-Hi:,> Ex Albert S \Villi .. , EI1\"oyl::xtraordinary anJ f\1 ini~ter Plenipot~ntiary.
Great Britain-:-\ G ;.; Hawe..:, Commissioner andC,msul·General.
Portug l-Senhor ;-\ de ;"OUI'~1 Cana"arro, Charged·Affaire:-. and Culblll·General.
Francc:-:\Iolls Loui~ \·u .. ..,ioll. COII:.lIl and COlli'missioner; Mf)n~..<\ \·ina\"\,)lJa. Chancdier ofLegation.,.,p....ul-L>iplom.::ttit· \.:en: and Con..ul·( ;cller.d.. H Shimal1lura. " \1 illl ....hi. Secret:1I y.
Department of Foreigu Affairs.nlinisler of Foreign Affairs Henry E. Cooper,'ecretary of Depanment .\Iajor Geo C PotlerClerk of Department•......A St .\1 ~lackil1lo.:;h
Slenographer of DCI).'lrtmenl. \li:.s K, Kellylenvgrapher Ex,t:. C'Hlncil. . .. R I. Marx
Secretary Chinese Bureau. . Ja~ "'/ l;ir"in
G W A Hapai ...Jos P Sisson (lJeplllY)··I{. H. Atkin,.S M ~1ahuka .E \V Barnard .J \V ~loanauli .\V 111 Kalnau ..•....•••••••••••.J H \Vaipuilani.George Cb.rk....T H Wright ..
H K Kahele...Chas Blake.J W Lota.J K Kapuniai.David Kua .
W H Halstead ...o Kahaulclio, ..p ~ Kahokuoluna.J K Josepa .J K Piimanu .S E Kaleikau .J H ~Iahoe .S Kahoohalahala.
170 HAWAllAN ANNUAL.
F,allo' and CtJltI"il'~.
..... ,.: i) Balowi.I h.l .. \Villiam ...
.J Kaele'nakulc:. W 0 AikenC P lauke...
Bureau of
I Ji ...triu. II II", alld )lUlU
Ilamaku'lKon.;) and K.H1.\I.H1i.(J.lhu.Kall.li
I ,1..1"K,)I,., ,I.. ,h.llIla.
Sa'rrlol allrl .\·O"'-;"t'fl",
.... t.ltl..h"l,n (. \ 1·.IlL:\alk .\\tin~ l·on ... ul·(:encral('hri .. II.lIIi.1 L Salll..on. ('on,ul1.), ..l..il If I~,·r..: .. lrofll, \·ice·Con ... ull ~ ltlu·lllltur..: ... l ;\1"1.\\ "r.I;,L:, \ ,t,;e· ollc"ul
.!dtall .K \\·.tl .. ("r Ir\' III. :\Ii'li ..ter kc: ...dell1
.. C I' fCdl. \'iC"'('OlhUII)r :"otU:l.rt EldruJ\.:I..·, t. 'oll~ul
, 1\1 \1" ... ''''.1' -l ... tll -\1,t':H I It l.:K •
ll.l\\'.lii. till" I) Ii Ifi. h<.:u("\". )\ (' Wilfong.(; K Wddt·r.
\1 t11ll1...IIl.t 1,,11Il '" "'IllIilhlt' ... t.·h ... ~ J Falk.K ,hlllui. \l.llIi... . I \V L Zumwalt
Commissioners of Fences.
Board of Ifllmigra tion
I.t-.. .\ "In~ .. Pr~'Hjent\Iember.. Jo.. \Iar ..del I 1 l~ . lIlith. )0... B\tht-null. J;'''' (~";IJ~II C'. I (..trtlen .\\·r.l) 1'.1) lor............. . .....• SeLr~tar\
Interior Department.\1 li .. ll.:r til 1 Itt·ri"r. J.... \ Kin"( hwf l·lt.'rl.. •. f Ikp.lrtlll.·III..... .1.\ Ha,..in~c:r~ luk.. I II B .)(1, it l. \It")('(". C("o Kit"'.
:-. \l..h;llllll I d\,·j :-. I:"yd. (;L.... Ktt-..e.l':t·":1 ..11.11 ,! \ dl\'·\.ln't J II"... (; 111111111
Ilqllll\ ":t·":I .. lr,H ....••• h'. \\ .\ndrew.."'"Ilt !'"hll, W .rt ...tllIl ( I. \\. E J<o",·11.... :,I'("'·lIl1elldcllt \\ .ttl-I" \\ tlrl... .\ Hr\)\\ II
( It'd. IIf \\ .llt.:l \\·\)rl..... J \V PrAll1 1"1 tdr.t! I{,·,:i ..tr;lr "ray TaylorI l"pt'll"r 1'.1,·\ II 1.1~IH"', . Ino C ........ idyI{~l.ul up, nl ol~. II"lh.lulu \\. )-1 (.·tlIumilh( "l1lllll lllllt·'· lit I'.\lellt.. l B I<ipleyrhy..lt"iall 11l .... llle \~\IIIIII ... I)r (; Herbert
~ griculture.Prnident .. e,·offi('io J :\ Killt Illllllll, .. itlller .... Jo...\lar ..dcll\I,·miler... .\ Ilerben. E W Jordan. r J Kin):::.
\\'ra) 1'.1)'lor.
Commis\ion of Public Lands..I.a.. .\ Kill':. J r I: wn anti ... ~ IhKl/o:eF Brown . \~ellt Puhlic Land ...
~{1~t \:~~L\~Lll .. ,)ll . Se.~rC;:~r{) .... ')(elhCli Ilrau~hhmall
Government Surveying Corps.\\. I) \le,.ll1llcr.. .~une)or.Celieral
( J I.}\lll" .\ ... ~l .. l.tll( in thd.r~e of office1 S I ).,d..:e \ ...... ·... 1:1 1 Ill' Inr~c '" cit) work\\. I·. \\'.111. . \ ....i .. t.dlt
;-, \1 K..tIlaLlllui. ~ J Wili ...
(;co (·vllin .... "il c-I 1111 ..111\\' J (;ill.t1l1, <. 1)11 .tll
J "ad.t1LlIl~.'" ". "lit\\' (, ~elll, ( lll .. ul
--- ("...ul. Erne..' .Ie Hoi ... l' .... '"t .. u I
.. I { \ idh'JIllI,lle. ( \.u .. ul.. Charlc.. ~(h.u: ...... It:r. ~ '011 .. \,1
...... F .\ B\1I1t't. l ulI ... lIlI Cha\:\ ......e:. Vite·l·oll'·u
.. J L Carl·ill. \'!Ct.' ~ Oll"U
(;rrl1ffllfY·
Bremcn 11 F (;bde Ch,lrgt" d·:\lTllI·t" U1dCon ...ul·t;eneral.
Hremcn . John F :\hlllcl. <.. ()Ihlil
Hamburg... .. EJwar,j F \Vt"lwr. (\m..ulFrankfort·on·:\lainc Jo e:ph KOPIl. (·uo ..1I1Dre den. . \ugu tu ... P R.u ....... (,'oll:l>ulKarl rllhc 1-1 :\Iulll..·r. (\'11""1
.., ustria.
H u~o Vull Schonht'r~er. Ltu",ul
Itail.Rome.. .... . . J)wi~ht Benton. COIl ... ul (~cller;d
Hale P Hentun. \'it:e anti DCl-'llt) l. oll.·(;CIll·1Geno.'\ Kapll'tel de 1.1Il.:hi. l. un"lllPalermo...... . Angelu ragli.t\ ia, COlhllJ
.\·rthrr/altds.
D II Sdllll1111, COlhlll'(;e:neral. P J Houwman, ('un,ul
Li:-.bon ....
~G';~~a"
AIII~terdaln
Dordrecht.
.. :\ F de Serpa, Cun"'lIl·(~c el.d. N3.rl.:i-.o r :\1 Fe:rr'l. ( • ,,,,,II
.. . . . J. d· I· Br.HH;". ( ull .. U ISt :\1 ichael... . H :\1 tic "ari.1 \l.tori.1. (,1111"111·
Gellerl. A t1a :-, :\lnreir;l. ClllhlliSt Vincent, Cape de \'crde I..blld".
Vice·Con:o.ul.Lago:!l. .' .•.... :\1 J H.lrbo ..~t. \'in: 'olhul
Vienna.
Pari.... . . Alfred Iloult:.... 'h.lrge II' \,1.11(("and Con ul Ccncral: \ ?' II I t ~""It:r. \ IH'
(,'oll',ul~tar...cille ..Horde.nlx
:~N~~;I~~: ::Tahiti, Papectc ...Celte.Crcnoblc ..
Van Oliver, B. C.... F \V I\1L:F:uland \'j('c·l'on ...ulGibraltar. ItOr.H.. iol~dwt1. (""n ..ul~ydney, ~ S \\". J II "rmora..\uj I.: ('" ,"lIl
Cenreral.)Ielbourne. \'iclOri,\ .(. :'\' ... )aUey. (ulbulHri!'tb..'lllc. CJucen ... land •.\Ie'- B "·ell.. t r .... oll .. ulHoban.. Ta'mania,.... . Hun. Aullle) loot<:.
Con'\ulLauncc~ton.Newca~t1e. N S \\' ..Auckland. ~ Z .UuncJin. N Z .
Spain (lnd t%"i,-!>.Barcelona . Enrique: :\1 illgue7. l lll ... ul-t ;clIt:'r.11CaJi7.. J.llIle~ ;-,ha\\. ("'111"111Valencia .. lulio Sol.lr. t ,,''''ul:\lalaga. . F r tic: ;\;t\arr;l. l "m .. ulC:i.rtegena.. . ,.. J Pan ... ( ,)lhll
I~ Palma.., Gr:lll l;'lllana. Lui ... 1-';,Il.:1I11 ) (,hit·vedo, ·on ...ul; J Hr.I\'u Je La 'ulla. \'1' t: ( ()!, ..u'
Santa CIUZ... .\ C de la, ("a'."\ .... \'ildllll,,"1Arccife de Lalll..lrolle-E :\lorale.. ~ Ko.ln.:ut:l.
Vice·(;on,ul.
Portural and Colonio.
IJdgiulIf
Antwerp Victor Forge, CUlhUI'(;1 !leralGhent.. . E <:OlJpieler~. COIl'lulLiege... . Jllies Hlanpain. COrl'lliBru&e~.. . E.mile Van den Brande, Con.. u
It-\" \11.
lIil,) . B Brl)\\,ll. U 11 Hitchcock, C NOlleyIlalllaLua. . .. ------
orth Kona. .J l·ocrpcr. P Born, J Kaelerna.Lult:.
REGISTER AND DIRECTORY. 171
... H \Vh-'rloll, A ~ox. A Kaili.. II C Adan~ .. , '\"111 Henry. U
.... E . lrehz.......... .... J H K Kaiwi
.. . H Z Auslin. \\. H \Villiam..owlein, S N K Kakina H K
South Kana R Wassmann. J Todd. J Gasper.North Kohala H L Hol,tein. l< H md, Jr.
o H Kaailaau.outh Kohala.... . ------
Kau , 0 \\' "-aaemoku. L r-lcine~le:.
~IAll.
Lahaina .... L i\1 Baldwin, G I-I lJunn, H Uick·enson.
Wailuku .... W :\ ~'1cKar, W H Halstead, GeoHans.
:'\takawao ... W F Pogue, J \\"agner, A r:H;l·res, Jr.
Halla ....J Takila.~'1olokai. . J H Mahoo. D Kailua, D ~kCor·
ri~l('ln.
i\t Kaaukai,
. . H DickensonG Armstrong
. .... C Meinecke,
. .. '1' K R Amalu,.. .. D Alawa
. ... A Kauhi. J Kekahuna
.. A S Mahaulu. E P Aikue
......... A Ku
. S W Wilcox, J B H anaike. E G J Bryant. ./ B Knomea
O ..... HU.
ISLA:-.lD OF KAl·AI •
L.:lhaina ..\\"ailuku
Kona ....Koolaupoko.KoolauI03 .\\'aialua .Ewa and \\'aianae.
. .. ~lrs E 1 'akuina..E P Aikue
. W Rathburn.A S Mahaulu
.. ......... J E Kaha..KAliAI.
Koloa and Lihue.. R Hapuku\Vaimea......... . _Hanalei and Kawaihau. . S Kaiu
ISLAND OF OAHU.
Honolulu. .. " F i\1 Hatch,W F Dillingham, R W Andrews.
FW3.
\Vaianae.\\"aialu.a ..Koolaulo.l ..Koolaupoko.....
outh Kohala .....•..•...•....•..•... _Kau .Puna .
Koloa .\Vaime:a.Lihue.Hanalei ..:'\!iihau..
I~LA:O;D OF MAlIl.
Lahaina. . . H Di,-=kenson.•Wailuku... . S F Chillingworth~takawao. ......•..•.. ..0 H AukaiHana. Kaupo. ..............C LakeKipahulu .. , ..... J K Nakila
MOLOKAJ.
~Iolokai-Kalaupapa" Ambrose HUlchinsonKamalo D McCorriston
Inspectors of Animals.
Oahu. . .... J R Shaw, P R Isenberg Jr. WHoo~:'t,
Hawail ..... \\. H Shipman, A \Vall, J R \VilsonJ S Smithies, C J Falk, E P Low
Maui.... .S F Chillingworth, J L WZumwah
Kauai.. .. .... S Hundler. W H Rice Jr
Agents to Take Acknowledgments to Instruments.
I""LAND OF I-IAWAIl.
. Kohala.. . .. D S Kahookano, C H Pulaa~ Kohala , . --_Hamakua J \V Leonhar_tHIla .... G \V A Hapai, A B Loobenstein B B
l\1acy, G E Thrum 'Puna .Kau .. Kon:l.N Kona ..
.. S E Kaula... J B Kaomca
OAtil.
.. A Ahren,. J T Campb"'l
A2'ents to Grant Marriage Licenses.Hawaii-
Hila.. _.... . ... J H )'laby, L Severance,L E Swain. V A arvalho.
Hamakua .... J \V f\toana lIi , J "-anakaoluna, JW Kapololu.
North Kohala .... E de Harne. J S Smithies, \VWilson, H K ~Iolale. J A ~I Osorio.
oUlh Kahala .. James RrightNorth Kana D Alawa, J Kaelemakule
S Haanio.South Kona .... 1) \\. Kanui, J Hali, W J
Wright, H T ~IilkPuna H J Lyman. H E \Villloton.Kau T C \Vills. C l\'leinccke
Maui-\Vailuku .... M P \Vaiwaiole, Geo Hons, S E
KaJeikau, \V E t\1 aikai. At i Kalua, (; KKunukau, \\1 E K Maikai.
Lahaina ' ----Makawao H Ka\\ainaka, J Ander:lon, \V F
Mossman, T K Pa.Hana ... J K Nakila, J K lo!:lepa, J K ~aun
den, C Lake.Kaanapali.... . . .. , S ~I Srha~Iolokai.. R \V Meyer. n Kailua. K Kainuwai.
\V otley.Lanai ..Oahu-
Kona .... J H Bard, J ~I 1';va.', E ~I Naku'i,"!:l, J M Camara Jr.Koolaupoko.. . .. . ... t: P AikueKoolaulo:l \V Henry, 1\1 Nakllaau\Vaian:te .. H D Johnson, J Kaupu Kekda.Ewa.. .. .. H K \Ieemano\Vaialua . . J F Ander~on
KauaiKoloa ..Lihue.Kawaihau.Hanalei .. P
:\nahu\Vaimea.
Niihau
Ewa and \Vaianae.J Kahoa.
\Vaialua ..Koolaupoko.
1\1 Kapalau.
Commissioners of Private Ways and WaterRights.I-I .... W."II.
Hila.... . ..Hamakua .
orth Kohala .
H H Brown
.G P Tulloch
Notaries Public.Hawaii. . .... D Porler, E \tv Barnard,
Il 11 Hitchcock, T H Wright J Smithies,W Vrcdcll')erg F L "'inler. Haanio, 0 HKahaulelio, I H \Vaipuilani, F i\'1 \Vakeficld,H 'I' ~lills J J Rice, G K Wilder, W Horner,
172 T-fAWAllAN A NUAL.
Road Boards.
Department of Finance.
11\\\ \11.
Ililu. . .... 11 I)lal'lli. \\. \\. Goodal~
~urth lIilt) .. \\" G \VaILcr. \1 Bronc t A Chal.
'~I Da.moflII" (; Ashley
.. 1. .\hlborll I' K.. halliclio, J.{ C
(; C 1Ic=." III :-- K.mhane. J Ikaika,.'\ 1.111.,:.11(", J \\ .tlt, JJ Forbe ..J II illd. (; F l{elllOIl. k H .. I!
\\. \·rulclIhur:,.::. , ".lll"'~.
)1 F :""\:"I It \\. (; \\"ait. )1 F
.\ J \\ il~n. :-- LaI'.ilro, " Huchholl7.\14,1 t.
J \1' ~Ia,,,,,. II I{ I{y ·ro(,. H J
l_lhalll3:-OeMI...
\\·.lIluku. (" B \\·ell .. , J) (t"lller. L M Ba ItI\10 in.Ilana .. lJ 1-1 =":lpiha:.l, P ;\IJ~1 call.) :-- t;iln.I~Il.\1.,La".lu .l H Dicke)'. I J...c=pfl, \\ H KIUJ,:\l'~~~t~;:~ .1, )!cCorn ..('JlI,..., I'rclIIlJle, J I·t
Iller ..Puna
1.)'1II.1I1.h..HIII,ullaL."••~ "uh.d.1:"t t\.,)h.a1.t:'\ ", n.1
l r:tn, .~ t'Oll.t .
)1 inl-.ter of Finance " .I{c i..lrar of Public Account....
(."\KW'''t-'' "11\"1"1"""
(hltt Ifonlliulu. I),. If \\ Jlo\4ard: Waialua;\1111 K tt""lJau I)r J{ If K~id. E\\a ami \\'aianaDr J We-ddid.. Kalihi "'t.Hio". Or I. ,...\h.u·el'.
K \1" W;ulIle.l. Dr II c.. .lIl1uhcll. lIanalel.---: Puna. '.r:--I r} l: \\':.11", .. ; Koloa. J" .... lIllth.
)1 \1 1 \laka\\:tv. Or".1 \,L.fOlt. lIana. Ur J{ J~.~:I~';li:l~li~:~\\"ailuku: lit F " (;OOt.lhu.
II \\\AII JI.II11:llll:l. 'I, t' II t;recntield: Ifilo.IIr }{ B \\'lll1alll": :\ II illl. I.r I. S ThoIUIJ'On:PUIl.1, IIr \\" I. \1 utlh·. "au, Ur \'iCIM J("apron: Koha1.I, Ih 1 I) I'onel: .... Konot. IIrII \ 1.1I1~lIc\·: ~ Kon ... Ilr r\ )h:\\'a\'l'Ic.
I'I.A' ...... \1", ,,),,; \1. IIr \ ~lllllrill' I.F,. ... ~~to!l lit \, .. , I. Ilr }{ (111\cr
Boa.rd of Medical r xaminerIlrt; 1'.\ll(ln·"~.lIt I. II I"·rl~rl. Dr (. H
<. ·lMl!l("r.
~;lIlit:tr) In"'leClor..I{()ooe .
PI In Ph >..i~ i.Ul .
II\UI.
Kool.lupoko .. F I'.• hi.t. II \1 K.tpalau, E P.\i'-.ue.
i\.oolaulo.."'1... .Ceo \Veio;ht. \V ka1hhurn. ~I~aL..lIaau.
\Vaialun. Ell Itore, II \\'herton, o\'.Ewa and \\ aianac J I lampl"- II, L
W al fell ..\uj,t Ahren...),,;Al- \I.
Kol a. .. J K Farl!:")'. A .\Idir) lIe, ~I "aluu:.I.ihuc=.. S l; Il \\·.IIt.r... J H K Kni",'i \\.
II I{i ·e.
K:~~~~;~~:t~~. .:-- =" lIu'ullq, Il I.ovdl. l.r J11:U1:lIl'i ... ( II Willi ... ". .1 t; Hqalli. J KaLina\V"illlea .J" K=lJlU ,iai, I Brandt, E E \ onantNiih.1Il .J B f\.:II1111eR, C II l\1oore
Agents to Acknowledge Conlracts (orLabor.
Oahu-Honolulu, J A I-f:l-.....inger. II \~ CrahtR,Mo-.c~ i\.e1ii.l.a, John Lued!>. C I) Ch:,..t:.
H E \\·ilder.\VabJua :"t H i\.alam..krC"i\.oolaupokoEwa and \\·ai.mat:' "aho.... , If I r.1~I'lr
Hawaii-Hilo J. ~e\eram.e. I. E ~"'.illl
J ti.~lab), J ;\Iauoon..\ \·.~·ar-\ .• Iho_ ...N Kona.. ,. . . . .. I .\Ill. J \\ :"tllllth. Kona.. . IV J \\'ri~ht, It I .11 ill,Ha.makua .. . \\·ilham... J 1. K.w;I1..aulull.'
","ohaln I) S Kahookano. (; I' I ullu.. h, \.J Fillk, G H Kaailall.
S Kohala _... .J Urilo:htKau.. . .. W J Yale,. r A I. ·"·ill,.
Maui-Lahaina. .'1' C For...yth, 1.)1 H.d~I\41l1
H Dick...,n.\Vailuku . I) (Juill, S E Kaleikau. )1 P \\ .J!
",aiole, A=' Kepolk:u, (;co HI)!I ...Makawao. .. r II" Hard)Hana.. J K :\al..ila. Ii " "3i\l,iae.l
Kau.ai-Koloa .. . .. E Streh7Lihue.. . . J B HanaikeHanalei.. .J \\' la, J i\.alln.l\Vaimea. . C J) Pringle. :"l ..~ Kaula IIKapukui.Kawaihnu . . "aiu, J )1 "enJoha. JI Z
AlI~tin.
iihnu ..1 B "amoc.t
Board o( Health.President.. . \V () SmilhMember': T F Lansin~. CA Urown, I) Kcltipio,
01 N B Emer on, IJr I< Wood, Dr F I{ lJal'ecrelary ... ,.... ....• Chn... WiILo\
Executive officer: C K Kcpwld.. : r\genl~, W rMoosarral, SKu. J IJ ~ILVeigh. I. I. I....Pierre, Manager, (;arbage ~n icc.
Jaflo Hri~hl. G P Tulloch. \\' P Fenlwi. )( \Lyman. E I> B.tldwin, K \\' Po(lmore T .\iu,. W Kel.u "'. II J .\hu. S II ~I>huka. JCreil,. S I.:uaro. J K :"ah:tlc..\ \\' f1e)c.h.mann, \V Hooku.lIlui. l' \\'illianb, H E \\'il .... mZ Paakik. -\ \\' I folJ ..on.
:\Iaui ... C II Uit.kcy. \\' F \lo--'lIl.m... 1I("lekunihi , E. Jf Bailt'y. J f-I ~ "'-aleo. P :'\ K.dl.'·kllol"na, If t" 0, t'lI\f~n. (; Arm..tr\}n~. \1 I'\\'aiwaiole. C; If Ilulll1. (;~) }Inn... (; KUIlIl'"au, B K Kai~ i.If::' .. J K ~atllltl~r... f1 rt-Iayscldcn,:\ ~ "'::cpoikai, F \\' Ibnl). , IIB.~bcoek. S E Kaleik.lu
Oahu J II Pat)". Ja .. )1 )1l)ll llr,lt, ,M Lowrey. J A ~I aJ,;(,~on. A H \\'oud. J \1Camara Jr. J A 11a,... il1J,:cr. J I. KauluLul,D L.'\l1lh. ~ Feruandel'. H 1I01l11t:... \\' I. "etcl'Oil, A )1 Brown. J K KauJJu. 1".\ )1)11«: .. , ,M Vi"3S, \V G ., ..hley. A \\' ('arter. J IIRarenaha to: )( N akuina. \\7 J F. r1Je.... , \'Girvin. C A Lonl:. \V :\1 Graham.\\· K (";1"'1('.l' I) Cha..e, .... Kalamake~. ')1 1'0("11."'.\Vol I-fenry, \\' I ~tanl~r. C.\ -,)\» 1('. -' \\"Jone... H E \Viltler. {; A O:I\"i....-\ V (;("ar. .IH Fi..hf'r, C P laukea. H C ."erer.. , \\. \Hen,hall, J Q Wood.
Kauai .) no ~I Kealoha, Th Brandl, W ~: IIOevenll, E Strehl, K \V T Pun·i ... P No"lein, H Z AU'itin, C Rlake. C H Hi ..hlll'. /Kakinn. E Olll ...tenci.
REGISTER AND DIRECTORY. 173
.J I' HacHeld. J B Athenon
...... C 1;01«.... P C Jones
F' A Schaefer
· H Dickenson. . G ArmstrollJ,t. ... I' Wittrock
. ... Mrs A E Dickey............. K W Meyer
OAHll.
..'1' H Gibson. .. -) K Burhtt
. . .. . . .. W E H De"ertll. G H Fairchild
Chamber of Commerce.· F A Schaefer
. .... J I Do"setl· , B Atherton
Hawaiian Sugar Planters Ass'n.Re·orgalllzcd No\' I !l:'). from the Planter's Labor
and Supply Co
\\'aimea and Niihau.Koloa. l.ihue.Hanalei.Ka\\aihau ...
Honolulu. . J F' cottEwa ., \V J Lowrie\\·aianae.. . Aug Ahrens\\'aiailla.. . .. F' AndersonKoolauloa 3nd Koolaupoko \Vm Henry
"':Al'J\I.
Pre:-.idenl ..\·i..:e· Pre"ident ..""ccreta..}" :lIld I"rea!turer ..
Pre... itient .\' it.:e· Pre ... ident.Secretary .....Trea..urcrAuditor
Ihale:. uth Kona, S 1.azare: Kau, \V J Yate~
Puna, J ... Eldarts: S Hilo, }{. Lyman.
Board of Prison Inspectors.
F J Lowrey, J A i\lagoon. C P laukea.
O,partment of Pnblic Instroction.:\Iini ...terof Public In ... trucrion ..... H E ooperCommi ...... iollcr..- \V J) Alexander \V A Bowen,1\Ir... B F Dillingham, i\1I's £ \V Jordan, H'-onHolt.Inspeclor {;cneral.... . ... H S Town:o'end.'-\"'st. In:-pr. and ~chool Agt. f r Uahu ..J ~". 0lSecrt:tary. . . . . . . . . .. . . Dr (: T Kodgers
School Agents in Commission.
I II A W ..... I I.
Hilo... . L SeverancePuna. . J E EldatlsKau. '" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C ~I eineckeNorth and South Kona. .. H D MillsSouth Kohala. . l\liss E \V LyonsNorth "ohala. . Dr B D BondHamakua .... /\ B Lind!'oll.Y
1\1 111.
I',ahailla and I.anai.\Vailuku .Hana .l\lakawao .~Iolokai .
Auditor General. . H LawsCollector Geoelal of Customs J R CastleClerk of Regi"""r. . . . Ed R StackableTax s..~ssor and Collector. Oahu ... Jona ShawDeputy " .• .1 ••••• \V \\'right2nd lJepUlr Alex 0 ThompsonTax l~ssco;sor and ~:ollector, ~I~~i .. C H . Dickt;y
Haw:\11 .... H C Au ...ullK:tuai. .J K Farley
oHecror Port of H ito. ~. . ... ,\ \V Kkhard~n
Collector Port of Kahului. . . E H HaileyCollector Port of Lahaina.Collector POri of l\lahukona. . J Smithie ...Collector Pori of Kealakekua -----Collet:tor Port of Kawaihae.Collector Port of KoIO'-'l...... . £ ~treh1
Collector POri of \Vaimea C H HofgaardPort. urveyor, Kahului J \V L Zunl\\'altPort Surveyor, Hilo. .... ..A John ... tol1c
Department of Attorney·General.... norney-General \\' 0 . mithI>t:puty Att mey·Gcncral. _ E P Dole~tan.halof the Hawaiian hland" \ .\1 Bfl)"'11U pUly ~Iar,hal 00 •• H I< HitchcockClerk to Mar:'tha.1. . H M DowSheriff of Ilawaii. L }\ Andr~w~Sherin of ~Ialli . . L ~1 BaldwinSheriff r Kallai... . F \V CanerJailor of Oahu Pri ..on...... J :\ Low
Oahu-Deputy 'heriff!'t l Ewa. ..-\ Kauhi: \Valanae. (; \V Nawaakoa 'V"iailla, Andrew Cox;Koolauloa and Koolauroko. F Pahia. Board of Underwriters-Agencies.
Kauai-;:,hcriff, F \V Carter: Depm)' Sheriff... Bo-.tun. ..C Brewer & CoLihue. allll Kawaihau. J H ('oney; Koloa , J S Phila(lelphia. . C Brewer & CoHipa: \V..imca, E OmsteaJ; Hanalei. J Kakina. I N~w york..... ., Bruct: Cartwright
I',i\'cq)()()l. ..... . ..1' 1-1 Davies &. Co
Molokai-Ueputy heriff.. ..Geo Trimble 1:lo)(~~1 L~ndon 1' 1-1 Davies &. <';0i-aui - Sheriff, I, M Baldwin; I)epllly Sheriff,,; San l-r:J.ncl'''co. ..1-1 HackfeJd &. Co
Lahaina, \V J Sheldon; \\'ailuku, \\ Seolt; Brcmen, Ihc ...dcn. Vienna. .. F A SchaeferMakawao,W H King: H'1I1a. C R Lindsey. I -.H~\\'ai,:-Sheri~, I. ..\. ~ndre\\''' J)eput): . .Honolulu Board of Underwnte~~..
Sherlff~1 i\orth Hllo. I. I·, Swain: Hamalua, 1-' S ".\ Sch:\t:fcr........ . 1 resIdent~ven:nd; South, Kohala. Z ~")aakiki: ;'1orlh IJ H :':Ihcrlon Vice..I~resldcntKohala, Ch;u., I ulaa, North Kona, J K a· J A (.llman ecrt:taryand 'reasttrer
Cnstoms Department. H onoln1n.Collector . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. J:I. ... B 'a~t1c
Deputy ·olleclor F B :\It:StockerEntry \..·Ierks L K ~lt:(;re\\', J F CI:J.)', I. M
SCOIt.Statisti al Clerks..... \V Chamberlain, J Ii Gib·
son, G A 'furner.Appraiser.As~t. Apr. and E:x ... A B I yOIl!).Zerbe, I)owsell.Store keepers ... :. J J Kelly, H Peters, S
McKeague.Dist. Inspector:, .. \V A l'\ecdham. Kanuha i\la·
noha, Bicknell, Grova ... ~torey, :\Iorton,Office boy. . . . . . . . . . . . E ~ Iral meyerHarbor !\taster...... . Capt A FullerPilots as Commi:,!'.( ed ] C Lorenzen, A
Macauley, l\I SaTld('~, J Hilhu:-, J Farn:,·worth, J Lyle, \V Babcock, C Peterson, BWhitney.
Port Surveyor.. . .. . .. .. . . .G C Stratmeyer
Post Office Department.J ~1 Oal.... . . Po.:'tmaster·Gt>ner:l. 1\V 1I Atwater. . . Book.keept=r and Ca ....hle rH 0 Johnson Saving:, Bank Oep..'lrtmen tF B Qat.... . . , :\ll)ney Order DepartmentL T Kenake General Delivery Department
174 HAWAIlA A VAL.
Packet Agencies.Ho~ton Packch. . CUre,,", r ~t ( uPJantc:n,,' Line:. ~d.1I Fr"n\'i~o l" BrcYocr • l"uMerchallt'" Line, ~ ... n FranLi"o(;o Ca ... tlc & CoolePioneer. Li \'crpool ..... T H 1)3' it", & en
anadian AU ...lr.l.liain. ~S Line.T H J)a,ic .. CoOrCeon K . S ='av Co.. Portland to Chi,':a and
Japan... . T t-I I)a,'ic"" & l 0
Oceanic ~ Co', I.IOe: \\' (; I rYo In totippon Yu ... hcn Kaa..ha,)apall II)
c-;aule.. \\" (; Ir~ In &: (",Pacific Mail :-, ~ lOIllVoIOY 1-1 Ital kfdd ..t l uOeadenlal &. Orient-II !'):-, \. o. H Itad•. fdd ~~ ("1Bremen Pack 10li H HaLltfcld & ('1.1
Liverpool Packet'\ .. H fLu. kfeld . L\I
Hawaiian Packet I.ine S to' H Had.. (,.)(ll,'( <. u. an Franci~co and Iinnoluin F' A.'l harft"1 &. ('0
... \\' A I.o\e... \ JOlle ..
... ~Ir .. E \\. Jordani\li ..... H ~ Judd
~I i.... AJ;:nc .. JUd,l~I, .. E \\. I-'eler"oll
. ....•• ~li.... l'l.ilman
Young Men's Christian Association.Or :\Ilued t t)Q \l1nll.11 ",cctin): til \pril
Pre ....dent A B \\'GOt!\,j(.C'·Prc ... ittelll....e rc:tar) .....I rc.-a ..urer(;ellcral :--'el..relarr .
Board of Hawaii 11 Evangelical Association.Onj.:lIl:dl) oq;.mi/ed .8'3'
l.;ull,,:titutioll re\'i-.cd 1863. .\nnual lIIeetinl$ JuneI re"ll!cIIl. .,." .. 11011 A f- Judd\'ILe Prc ... idclIl . II \\'.Iter!luu,<
Woman s Christian Temperance Union.Or!o:.lIl1lcd I h~\:.• ISS...
Pre .. ident •... , .. •.•.• . ••• )1 r.. J ~I \\'hltnc)\·It,.c.l)re.. idenl.. \If"'!. J n (,.-..nlo. I\lr.
II \\- Ilee ~Ir.. P l' JOlle ...KnordinJ.: . t:rC't~lf) )Ir... k Ja' (;recnelllrTe"'p'lOtlill~ Seur'~r) \1 r... E \ ' lordanI re......urcr...... .\1 r.. l. nCoan
Queen's Hospital."'ktt'II~l) I' tSho.
Pre ... i.,lclIt The Pre.. ldclli
\·i.~· Jlrc... lt!t,;· 11 I .. F Schaefer""et'r \( til).: • F \ ""t..Ilacfer ·l.:re:l... .J If I'atrhlllllnr i\1 P H.ohin'-OnPh)"h 1,1Il.. ..Ilr ... ( I: \\"JOel. C U 'oopocrt-:\CIIIlI\C (JltllnillCC \ .... l. 'Ic~horn, J H Patl'.
f- .\ ....thacfer. 'I P Kohill""OlI.
40. hool :lull f- ort4; Punl hh",~ I and P.Hh).1 Ko.ul.... .. 1.111111.1
oJ!) \lllleral KtlMll ,Inti ~lillt"r:,'1 ., \bp..ai:I:~ f.\.ill~ .uu.1 ,\I.lpal:... .. " I'a).)Iltl.1Il1:6 Be~I.lnia .U d )\..\5.)lOh,ll:.... Pc=n ....lc.'l.l alltl \\ Iider .\\C'lltu·:,n Berct.IIIl;,61 PiiL.1I1 alld Kill):d:! .. .. )\.i,MU
fi;i .• f.ullalilo04 \\'ilJer .ht"lIl1c and .... e".dnUS" \lakiL.ioi I'ullahollH:- Hc=rt't:U1l3.Wl! KC.IUIIlOL.Uft' PUllaholi• I H~)tlIhl l'ullnho'l ~lrc('t
"- .... 111" .ilIJ .... t,; •• llllh'ku;:~ \\·ailrr..IL.I;4 H.trhllr
Y. W. C. T. U.Or~.lIli/t"d .I.IIl. I~~f),
Sailors' Home Society,
OrJ;::lni/t"d .8.,.;. 1\1 ecl'- ~nllu.tll)' in I h~ crnhCLI'rc: ...idclIt , . . J J l>ow"'CIt\"Hc-I'rt: .. lclclli ••• '" T )1a)'"'et rCIM). ~ \ ~lh.tefcr I'rC=."llrcr, I' I< \V.-Ikerf-.x lorn, J Ii .\therttm, K I.c",·~r ... J F lIa kfeld
PresidentVitc·Pre .. itlclIli{t"(·flrdin~ ~et,.rctM)
('(Ir. ~ t,.rClar).I"re.\..urer.
. .I,I .. lll1ulI\. .... .J l)h n t'1::u k
~o I 11)(:lthHI, ~1I1J.:
I.iliha
4 Hotel6G
:19~I
4~ KIOJ,f alld43 lwilei~6 K R llel'Ol
20513t:\4 Nuuaau:l6:16J7
Fire Wards of Honolulu.Fire Alarm Signals.
and f-ort." uuanu
.' ~Iaun.,kc.-t
Ri.,hardPumhbowl
I~ K~~g and ~~:~,\~I~"e13 Fort14 Alakealh Punchbowl16 Queen and Maunake.lIi ,. unanu1 lo Fon1 •• kl·harn21 •• ~outh
23 .• Kakaakot4 A lien and Fort2!i p M S S Co Wharf!6 . mith and Pauahi!i Berelania and )1 lUlIl:lkc:a
:\'lluanll01 Ftlrl.. Emma'. PUlIchbo" III \'ineyartl.. Sdu,)old KuaL.ulI,. Judd.. Judd" houl" Kin):
l)OWltctt l_tIlc
Honolulu (Steam) Fire Department.Originall)' orgallilctl 185" :111(1 condtlucd .1'
.olunlee~ till :\1 ar<.h 1, I 3. Yo hen II Yo ., ..
changed to a PAil> I )F~J' \N:T).It::ST.
ffi( u .. fur 18Q0--92:Fire: COl1lmi~,iol1t:r.., .. :\ Rrown. ( .. nUll·r.
J H Fi.her.Chief J~ni:in 'cre:nior Foreman ...
Honolulu Engine ('omp.lll)Street near Rich.lrd...
Mechanic En~ille .. ·OIUIJ.Ul) :'\0 ',hH •• lltUl, l CIItral tar ion. nioll ..lreeL
ChemiLaJ Apparatu... located;1t '1.UIII.lkc.lstreet, comer Pauahi,
Protection HooL. and Ladder l\HllIMIl) No I.
location. 'elltr~,1 :--'t,ltion, l'1l101l .. trf"el.
REGISTER AND DIRECTORY. 175
Holwaiiall Relief Society.Or,.:anized 1895.
.. Mrs S CAllen
.. ~Jrs E K Prall........... l\trs E R Nakuina. Mrs F W Macfarlane
P:<ci6c (Formerly British) Club.
')rgani~ed '8~~r!!lPb:~~eB~::t~~i~~a treet, two
I're ident .. .. A CleghornSc,-·y..J ~I ~lon~l'fal I Treas J G Spencer.\uuuor. . .. , \V F' Allen~lanager...-Dr C B Cooper, L 1\1 Vettleson and
Ge:o Hoardman, with the above officers compri~ the Ko.'\rd.
P,c"'ICIe.lIt\' Ct:' PIC"llh:llt
Amateur Athletic Associatiou.Organized May 1st., I. 95
PrcMdent. . . . . . . .. 'ha!oo CraneVice·Prt:sidcnt........ . Geo Angus~ecretar)'. . H A Giles'I'rea~urer. . .....•............. D F Thrum
American Relief Fund.Organized 1864. l\lcets annually February :l2
Prc:-.ident . , C R BishopVit:c Pre:lidcnl.. . \V F AlI~nScaelary an I Treasurer B CartwrightRelief Cum. . ..... J Emeleuth, C B J{ipley
Hawaiian Medical As~ociation.
Or~ani7ed l\lay 24, lM:95Prc:,ident.. . Dr J 1\1 cGre",\'ice·Pre:-.ident.... " Dr R \V MyersSecretary and Trea..... . ... Or L .... Alvarez
. o""al Dept..... . R F Woodw:<rd~Iathematic.... . A A MacurdaI •• nguage. . . " .. T J PenfieldIJr.l"lIlg.. - C F Perry~!<chi i" L C I.yma~.n)(li·h MIss K Pope~I u:o.ic. . . . " ...•..... ~I r:, F E \\'olfenden~1;t1ron.. . ..•................. Miss Lisle~lIPI. Ho..pil ..t1-. . ... Mrs Thompson'1 :lilol ing D KanuhaFarm and I hor , Ceo E RuggA:- t "Ol~ill~ J mith
Preparatory Department.Pr;ncip.d.. . :\1iss A E Knapp!\latron Miss A E Mudge:\ ......i"t:lI11 -:\1 i e:o. J Cearhardl, Alma Krusenalhl E H Bu.:k tit II.
Ka mehameha Girls School.Pri , II' tI .' :. ;\'1 iss Ida H Pope"\~"'I,t•• llh-.\I ....:"ot::s' B Albnght, F N Albright,WE HamllhulLI, Helen Harding, (:ordelia ClyIller, .1t:nIlY I )eU7er and l\1rs J '·turgeon.
....cl".rt:'tar\·.'1 r a~llrt.='r.
Society Sous of the AmerieanRevolution.
Organized June 17,1 95
Pre:-.ident. . P C JonesVice- Pre~ident. A F JuddSec.retary. . ......•.. , , J no Effingerkegistrar. . \\' D AlexanderTreasurer. . . . ... \V J Forbes
Kamehameha SchoolPrincipaL Thea KicharcbVice Principal............... . U 'I'homp~n
Corresponding Secretary Rev 0 P EmersonRecording Secretary Rev C M Hyde, 1) 0Treasurer, W W Hall I Audi,or, J II Atherlon
Kawaiahao Girl's Seminary..M iss P Paulding. . . . . . . . . . .. . PrincipalAssistants: Misses J R Broc!..ie. :'\1 L K:HIlUlIl,
J Haman, J Jonoson, L ROY~lon, :'\11' ... ~1 \Iahe·ona and :\11SS A Aikue.
Mission Children's Society.
Organized 1851. Annual t~eling in Junc.President....... . . ....• 0 H ljulickVice-Pr.esident " .. Or A B Lyon~Recordmg Secretary \V L HowardCor Secretary :\1 i:'l~ ~I .-\ Chamberlain~Iectivc 7\Ieltlbers .. Theo. Richard:, and .\1 i.!'~ .-\• .Judd.I reasurer. . . . . . . . L r\ Dickey
Woman's Board of Missions.Organized 1871.
President. .. . . . . . . . .... ~I r:, C ~I HydeRecording Secretary . ~I rs G P .-\ndre"·.!'Home Cor Sec·y...... . )l rs \\. A Bo" enForeign Cor Sec·y. . ;\In: A F JuddTreasurer. . . . . ~1 r!' H F I'illinghamAudi'or.... \I' \I' Hall
Free Kindergarten and Children. AidAssociation.
Organized 1895'
President ~lr~ t' ~I IlydeVice Presidents Mrs \V FAllen, \Ir.!'o ::, Ii J)\JIt:
and :\1 rs T 1:. \Valkt:rRec. Secrelary. . ~lb.!'o \1 IlopJXrTrea:,urer. . .. . . . . . \1 n. F ~I :- \\,,1,')
Finan. Secretary. . 1'1 rs Ii L t'ol 111 11
Auditor.............. . .... \\..\ H.'WCII
Oahu College.President. . . . . . . .. . F ..\ H o..mef, A \1Chern. and ~al. Sci~nce A 13 I. gal .. , .-\ )1l\'lath and l\lechan. Drawing A L Cvl ..ton. C ...Lat, Polit. Econ... . ... . \V H liaobi t, A HGre~k, Hisl., etc.... . 1\li5::o. F ,,('I. t:Y I~usmess Depart..... .. . .) Ll-JO\\Uld, A KGerman and French ~h~s A I. Ha~(orth
)!u,jc Vocal :<nd In , ~!i" J J{ ..h'ellDrawing and Painting... .. B .. Frenchlatron 1'Ii:-.:- h.. LroLier
Supr A.c;r Dept. ~.......... \\' Barwick I Hawaiian
Oahu Prepautory.Principal' " . S P French1\1 iss H K 'orenscn, 1\1 i.ss C A Gilman, ~I i~~ )1L Millard, Teachers.
Missionarv Gleanea:-..Pr:ilsinent. .. ..1\11'::-' 'l'ht:o Ridlard ...Vice President....... .\1 i... .!' ~llU"Rec. Secretary \1 i:- II FUI I.e.;..<~or. Secrelary...... . \Ii~~ E C lJal1llll1
lreasurer....... ..j\lr:. T \V HohrVIIDirectress....... )1 i.!' 'midAss\. Directress. . . ~1 i:, ::;~ Xlv"
176 l-IAWAllAN ANNUAL.
German Benevolent Society. Library and Reading Room Associat.ion.
Portuguese Mutual Benefit Society of Hawaii.
Or 'ani7ed .\uf.:u ... t n. HiS"·Prr,\idenl.. _I ( .\ \\·idltlll.lIln
Vice President.. ., .. I bl l..fl·ldSecretary. lohll F b·Ltrt·'I·rc....'\urer II ~~hIlILJc
Audilor. If I ;\'1111<.'
Portuguese Ladies' Benevolent Society.
Organiled I )cccl1lher. I F,~;;
Pre. iuelll '" . _ '\Ir C.lll.l\.lrI ,
\·ice·President:..,\tr... \\·(~ In,in. '\Ir ( .\llhallSecretary.. '\1 i...... Fill\ L.lerl"re....urer.. \1.\ t; IIh•• hc ...
Kilohana Art League.Organi"ed ~t.l)' fJ. IS94.
I'l'c ... itkllt. J) II u"'•• rd HitchcockVII e·Pre~idcnt. , .... i\1 i.......\nnie Parke~cuct.lry ". . ,. C w I>ickcyTrea..urer. 1\1 r:- \V ~I (;raham
Incorporated June '<4, 1879.. ... K Hi ... llOp
~I ~t Scott. . .. . I J •\ Parmelee
;\1 i ...... ;\1 A Burhank
()r'l.t1l1l'ctl .\Iar<.h.l'rc ... idclH ......\·itt··"rc ...ulclH ..... l·1 Tt..L~r)
I rl·;t"urcr
Hawaiian Historical SocietyOr~.\lIil'cti Jan., 11, 1 nt.
.\lIl1l1al ll1ectin~ No\cmlter t."i.Pr'·"ltIt-1I1 .. . . . . \V K <. a ..t1r\·II.··l'rc .. ident.. .. ~ H Dole, \\' ,.. All n. J :...
".lIIlr"'Oll.Rl·,.lrdillL: ....euel.lry .. Kc\ C ;\1 II yde, J). n.I .lrrl·"" 'lIdin~ .... ccrctary ., Pror \\' () AlexanderJ rl·.I"UTl.:r . '. T l{ .\lo~"'lIu,nI ilJr.lri.lII . .. . .... ~I i ... , .\1 A Burbank\ ..... I ..t.tt1t J.ihrotrian. . JJr N It Erner-.oll
I nt.:orvoralcd I,,,;.;\1 (. ""il\'.1
.. 1'1 I<odriqc .....\ (; I'c .. talla
.'\1 1..:. .\ \'icra
Or :r.nized Jan. 1~ :!:Pre. idenlVicr· Prr ... ident ..Secretary.Treasurer.
...... '\Ir... ~ ,\1 1).111\011
.. '\Ir.. I·: \\ . .Imd.tll
Stranger's Friend Society.
Pr~iJ:;li~~~."~.5,'.', .\l1l1l1al '\I,~~I~I'~... i~~.J 1~!':~ikl1Vice'Pre~ident~ . ,\IT...\ ~lackinl!)...h. ;\Ir.. T II
Hobron.. ecrctary ...Treasurer.
Honolulu Choral Society.Org.lllI/c<1 I let:. 4 1...:)4..\nnual met.lin~ in nrcI'lc .. i lellt. . .. Rev :\Icx ~1a..:kintv:-h\'ill'- Pre .. idcnt. . ... , .. ;\1 i..... Iloppt:r....1. Y . \\' I )illinghalTl Trea.... ." W E Brown\1 ""'11;11 Director. . ..... ~I i ...~ Grnce Kichards
Young Hawaiians Institute.
Orgarlll'cd i"o\ltlllbt"r 1. 1... '1 I.
Pn ..i<lcnt. II t \\'Il hl1l.111
Trca ..urcr .... \\ \ J.O\ \Secrca:,ry..... \\ r.l) 1.1\ I..r
The ahovc ofTitcr .. "lth \1·, 1'\'1 lit I": .Ind .10"'\lar~lell cOll ..titlile Ih ..· 1·.XClllIl\c t.·llllllllltlct
British Benevolent Society.
Organil'cd 1860. ,\Ieeh .uHluall) .\pril J\.Prc..idclll.. .\ t; ~ II.l""l'Vicc·Pre~idcnl . Kc\ \ \1;\l..I...IIlII .... 1ISec·y. K Catton I I'rca... J \ KClillt'd)
I-fooulu Lahui Society.
(I~anllcd. 1"1;'"
Organl/cd .\ug. Ill. 1"'!14
Prc:-.idellt. ( h;I" \\. ik •• ,Vice· Pn:~idclli. . \\' J t.. utlhuRecordinJ.: Sct.:rctary. J ~ K f'c'll ...Financial ~ <.c1ary.. J ;\1 f',.1Trea,urer, ,~ to CI 1l;llukl'I\br~h:tl. "'I \Il·heul..
Mrct .. ever)' 1..t .11ll! :~rd \\...:dnt. ...clay 1,( Ihcmonth, in tllc r\_htcr HI Jl.l. ~lIt1.lnli ... trcd helow King.
Association~
, I I)ow...ctt. .. J II Pall'
. B t. artwTI'ht
Hawaiian Rifle Association.()r~anilc,1 Dccember. 188S.
Pn.~"ldellt. . \\'alter E \Val l\'il . I'r,. .. idem ., F' .' Dodge:.... CUl·I.IT'· .tnd J rca"UTCr .J I. McLean
Honolulu Cemeteryl'n'''lllellt.....·In·llT)
I r('.I .. urCl
Publications.I he IIn;"lui"" (;,,:.dlr. i .....ued ...rrni.weekly by
Ihe If:l\\ailan (;"1'<:11('" Co. l.>n Tue"'<lay~ a:ldFnd.I\'" \\' l{ ...... rTllIgtl111. Editur.
J hI;" II/;if,· 1'114 ilit- «('",,,un i(ll Ad;,~,.liuy, i ...·... \Iet.l I,) tilt" Hawati;tI1 (;;vette Co. cvery mom·Ill}:. (c,. epl .... unda) .. ). \\' k Fa. rin1':IOn, Editor
rhe naih' HilI/dill, i .....ued t:\ ry evcning (rx·I cpt "Hlnda)'..), hv thc Daily Hulle:in Co. nl.oJ.: .11. I'.diwr.
/'h,' 11";/'(1/"1/1,,"111"'. i....ued eVer)! e\'CI1In· (rx·\.·pt "II Illlar") hy the Hawaiian :"lIar Ncw~.
p.q)t:'r .\ .....tXlation. Ed 'l'o",:.e. I-o':ditor. \\'eek.1\ , ..... \lC 011 .\Iontla\·....
1I,;;,'"iillll <. 0",1. 70/11'/1,,1. i:-.:.ued cvery Tues·d.n'. (;.l1lal..:her. ":uitor and ;\J anager.
I he Frioui. i~ued on the fir:.l of e.'1ch mantI.:R::\. S. E. BI ... hvpt Editor.
I he . '''X/ialll C!tUIl'/' C/,yomt:le. iS~lJeti on thetir ..1 :"Iatllrtla)' of ~\'cry month. Rev. A. Mack·Itlll) ..h. ".ditor.
l'Iu: I'nratlise 0/ lite I'ad/ie:. i'~lIed monthl)'. FI. H,)()~ ... Editor and Pu)'li~ner.
I hc /'/11 n lo's' .l/onllrly, i~:-'lIed on the 15th orc.tl.h month. II. ~1. \Vhituc:y, Editor.
rcht.stra.
.• ;':;~qll,t1.Ull
.\1 r.. ~I (" lie. 1.; Il'\;\Ir.. EII":CIll.t \1 I':. I'"
\1 r ... ,. \\. \1.11 farl.lTl~
Y M. C. 1'.
Pre~ident .Vice· Prc ...illcnt.·t=crclaryTrea..urer
REGISTER AND DIRECTORY. 177
TIlt ffo'llOtulll Diocesau Al~az£ltet issued quarterly. Rt Kev Bishop \Vlllis , Editor.
The I\'uokoa (native), weeki", is.....ued every3turday morning. by the Haw.,iian Gaze te
Co., Jos M Pocpoe Editor.o LlIso. (POrlll,2Uese) issued weeky oln SalUr
days, J S Ranlo~, Editor.o Directo (Porll1guese) issued weekly on Satur
days. A J Kego, Editor.As Boas NUl/as (Portuguese) ...eclariall monrhly.
A B R Vieira, Editor.rhe fla7vaiian-Chinese .\'e'ws, i:o.sucd weekly,--- Editor.
Clti,use Timts, issued weekly. Chow Tin ChingEditor.
Tlu ltuiejJelldcnt issucQ daily, E i'\orri~,
Editor.A/olta Ain4 (nalive) issued d.. ily except Snnt.lay:-
Weekly is!'ue every ~aturday. JOlo; awahi,Editor and ~J anager.
Ka J11akaaillana, (native) i~!)ued every )Ionday.IV B Kapu, EWLOr.
IlillQ(/e SI:inbull., issued :o.emi-weekly, in theJapanese langlli"1ge..G 5at'\ Editor
rlu Yalllato, (Japanese) seml.wt:ekly. ~ .--\nnoEditor.
Ha'waiian Sltiu,po is~ued dady in Jap'·nt:~c. BShimizu, E'Jitor·
A lUuagaslti, ,P .:.lpa.nest:). i:o.~ued wed.d). 1)11 ISaturdays, ] Mon, Editor.
Handicraft, issued monthly during .(he. :'I..:hlh,ly~ar at the Kamehameha ~chool. I KIcll..tr, ....Editor.
Ililo 'l'rz'hune, issued weekly, on Satllrd;t) .. hythe Tribune Publishing Co., E 1) :-,parn l \\',
Editor,Tile Ha1.vaii Herald, issued weekly at Hilt>. ~)Il
Thu sday's hy the Herald Publi,hing Co., \. (;Campbell, Editor. . .
Proess;ve Educal07', Issued monthly ,urlngschool year at LahainalulHI. a Abbot~. EJiLor.
HAWAIIAN ALMANAC AND /\r..NLI.>\L, ",:,ut:d thelatter part of December for the followillJZ year.Thos G Thrum, Editor and Publisher.
Lodges.LODG!: LE PROGRKS DE I.'OCEA~I£, No 124. A I"
&. A 1\1; meets on the last :'\Iollcl:ty in eat.:hmonth.
H"\\lAIIAN LODGE, No 21, F &. A :'\1 : mcel:. illits hall Masonic Temple, corne.. Hotel alld IAlakea Streets, 011 the fir:.t Monday in cadimonth. I
HONOLULU CHA'>TI!R, No I, R :\ :'\1 m;d~ illMasonic Hall on the third Thur:-,day of eachmonth.
HONOLULU COMMANDER\" r\o I K"IGllT~ TJ:::M'I>LAk meets in i\lasonic Hall, 011 ~ccond Thur~ Iday of each momh. .
KAMEI-IAMEHA LoDGE OF PERFECTION. 'u. I.
A & A S R; meets in Mnsonic Hal, on thefourth Thursday of each month.
riUL1AXtJ CHAI'TER OF ROSE CROIX, No 1, A& A S R; meets in Ma"onic Hall 1)11 !inaThursday in the month.
ALEXANDER LIHOLIHO COt'NeIL No I. tit-" K.·\·DOSH ; meets on the third l\lonclay of alternal emonths from February.
PACIf'IC LODG& No 822 A F "t..:, .--\ :'\1, Illecb atHalt of Hawaiian Lodge t:\'ery 3eculld .\lonJay Iof the month.
EXCELSIOR LODGE. No I, I a a ... : meet;, at Ithe hall in Odd Fel!ows' Uuilding, on Fort St,every Tuesday cvenllll:.
H AH:\lONV LODGE, No 2, I 0 0 F; meets eachMonday evening- in Harmony Hall.
P.\("IFIC Ih~l;I-IF:t! 1,0DGK, No t, DAUGHTERS OFKEIJr-.i\:AH; meet~ at Excelsior Hall, Fort street:.ecvlld allJ fOllru, Fridays of each momh. '
)J()L\~E:--l.\ 1·:,(,\:\II':\lI::NT, ° I, J 0 0 F;meeb in Udll Fellow:.' Building, Fon street,l'ir:-tl and thild Fridays of each month,
OAIH' 1.('1)(;1-: l'\o 1, K of P; meets everySatliiday at hall on Fort Sireet.
~I \· .... IIL l.lJIH;t·:. No 2. K of P; meets every \\fed·nt::-tday c\'ening, al Harmony Hall.
SECTIU;'" Nfl 22S--I·:;"l)OWMEl\"T RANK, K of P;meel~~)Jl lhe ""el..:olld Saturday of JAnuary, Julyand J)CI..CllllJer in t he hall of Oahu Lodge.
:\l.vIlA LOI.K.I:::\o 3 Knighls of Pythias; meetsSaturday eV"'lIin~ at their Hall in CustomtIlJu:o.c , In "ahu ui, f\1:wi.
:'\1."11.b: I.lJlJt;F. NO.4, KNIGHTS 0" PYTHIAS;llleds e\er)' ..... aturday night in Lyceum Buildill~, HOllok.ta, Hawaii. Visiting brothers al·\\ ,1\' .. \\ cl, ~ Hie
HA\\~"'J1A,' C'IIL":\CIL No 689, AMERICAN Le:·(fIliI" n ..~ HONUI<; meets 011 second and fourthFriJay l.\ t:nirlg~ of each Inonth in Harmonyhall.
OCEA:\JC COl'NUL. No 771, AMEfUCAN LEGION()f' HOl'\OI<; meet:-. on the hr::,t and third ruesdays of each month, al the K of P hall.
CClLJ~T Lt1NALlI.O, No 66<x>: A 0 of FORESTERSmeels at hall 01 Oahu Lodge, K of P, on secondand fourth 'J"ue:'lday~ of each month.
Lul'KT C"1oh)I~, !\o ~llOJ A a r, meets secondand fourth TUt::.Jay evenings of month ill K oft" all.
1;1-:11. \V lIE 1.11:\\; P(l~ r, No 45, GAR; meet!lIht: :o.t:C...,lh.l I uc~day of each month at Harmonyhod!.
l;/{II C \\'1 T:.l:: LAM!', Som: of Veterans; meetsUll thll\.1 I uc~L1ar of each month in K and PlIall.
CAI'T. CooK LODGE NIJ. 35:.i, ORUEI< SONS 0".., I. (; ":l)RGt-.; meet~ althe K of P Hall, Fort St.,every .\londay evening.
Place. of Worship.
<... ...:NTRAI. U~I N CIlUHCH Congregational. (Indepelldent)cor. Heretania and Richardssls, KevIJ P Hirllle Pa:-tlOr. Sen-ice:o. every SundayaL I I 1\ M and 7:30 I' M. Sunday SChoolmeeLS Ollt: huur before morning service. Prayelmeeting \Vcdllestlay evenillgs at 7:30.
~I":THOUL-.r EI'ISCOPAL LlIllRCH, Rev H \VPc_'k, Pa~tor: :-,untlay services at II AM and7:;iO 1'r.I. al lheir lIew chulch, corner of Heret3.nia .tnd Miller st. :-'ulld:lY School meets al 10AM. Pr.J.yer meeling \\'edne~day at 7:30 I''''.
Tin: Cl'lKI:--TIAN ellt RLB, H.ev J 1\1 Monroe,}Jastor; unday :.t::rvice:;, at 11 AM and 7:30 "M,
at their lIew house of wor~hip, Alakea street,near King. :-:uday School meets at Q.45~ A 101
S .... LVATION ARr.tV, :.ervice:-. held niglllly at hallon HOlt:1 :-.treet between • UU,tIlU a.nd Konia,wilh Sunday :-.ervil..e:o. at the usual hours.
ROMAN CATHOLIC CilllJ.lU-I, Fort Streel, near:jeretallia; KL Rev Gulstan F Ropert, BIshopof Panopolis; Revs Leonor and Clement, assistin~. :,ervices every Sunday at 10 A M, and at4::i0 P M. Low :'\1a....s every day at 6 and 7 A "1.High 1\1 as:, Sundays and Saints' days at 10 AM.
178 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
ST. ANDtU~W'", ATtIY.IH(AI.. Emma ~(Itlan':.
t~ir~i~~~~:~J~~I~~O'\r~l~r~~·~tl.;~.1 I~;.;', I~~:h:~~:~unday: Holy L..,mlllllllltUl at 6 :~1I" \1. \Illrll·
ing pra)'er. with ~ermlln at II \ \1 Il.,\\o,'li.ltlEven!'oQn~ 3:~11' M. ".V.'ll1lll.: J'r.l)cr ",itll ...C'rmon i:atl I'M. Holy l't)llllllUlli'HI .tl 11,\" thelast Sunda)' III ea...:h mundt. ~t1I1(lay ~·Il.h'''1 10A M. Vail)" pl ..yer at ; " \t.
ecolll.l Congregatiun, Kc\.\ ~b, L.llll".. h. 11,1"
lor. Scrvicc'\on ~lln(I.I)': 'lulliing I,r.l~(·r \\1111
~rmon. 9:4:. A 'I: EVenlllL.: Ilr:tY~'r \Vith .. , I III '11';:30 ,. M. Holy COllllllllIl\I)'l lir .. , .... und.l)' ill
month, g... :. ~ M. :"iutlilay ~I h(),,1 10 \ \1.
EvcnillJ:, prayer, every Frid.l) . .It 7::40 "\1'hinc'e Cnll~rc).:;\lion. Sen iet, .. \)11 SUlhLty .ll
11 A Jot and ;::~I" ;\1. ".,,-nin..: pr.,y~r r'\C:r)
\Vednc=-.(.Ia)". at j 30 ... Jot
t HRI~TIAS CIlIN~,"E ClIl'tH II. Fort ~trCl·l. F ,,'Damon, acting P:l'otor. Sl'rviU"~ e\cr)" ="ul,d.\yat 10:~1 A M ;Illd -; ::(() I' \1. J'r.lyc:r :'\1," lin,.:'Vednc..dayl' at 7:30 I' ".
POrlllKuc...e (Protc=.. lant) ~li .... i'lll: 1<<" ,'\ \. ~\I.lrc..Pa.<iilor. Serviceo; evcry ~.d,hath.1t the 11 ..11:"11hOllN. Sunday .....:hool .tl :, pill. l ha~J"
o;ituated corner Punchhll'" 1 ali(I \1 ill~r ..treet ...
'A .. \ .... ~· .. g L':-'IOS elll Wtll, (Connected ",'illl Ha·. "'.\1l:1Il HO~lrd ;\ll .... tull .. ). I{("\' K Okumura P:l't·
t"r: Iiolt! ~erVI'(''' :u Ihe 1.)tculll. ~ll II) AM.I'rc:aflllll~ .it 11 A\I .. "lId ;:30 ,. M, ~unda)"
~~,\i~c.. l',.~)er .lnJ pr.li-.r IIl<:Clllllo: \\ edne:oo·da)" .. al , ,.\1. .1IIt! C=\C:1I111).: ...chool ~Ionua)'!
I hllr~d.t) ...Iod I rltlay ...l.ql.tlle ..('" l hurch. Rt"\' II Klh.tr,t. (-'a .. tor. Hold
'10'" \ 1(("" III hall III :-'lI1l1h ..lice..
.... c\, 1\ .. (1l1'IH liE...
I' \\\-\Io\lt\I' l'ItI"'~11 (l·OI,,.,rcgatiunal). Curnero! l\.1TH.': and l'uIH.hho\\o' Street ... Kc:\' H IIP.lrL.er. p.l~tvr" :"t,·ni,~t'.. III Ila\\.lii.llI every:"Iulld,,) al II \ M..1I1tl at ;::{t) on ~ullll... )' evcn·III,.:" d trrl\.ltllih ",nh I'allltlakapili. ~unday
~I'hoo' at III " N. Prayer ~lccting. \\'eJnc~day",I 7;:{O I' M.
K \\ MAt-: \I'll t LIII"I<l It (L"ongrcg.ltional), Bere·lalll~l ~tr(.·t I (.Ir ;\1.LUll.tkca. Re\' J \Vaiamau.I'.l ..lor. ~u\i C" in II.t",.l.ii.lIl cvcr)' Sunday.It 11 .\ .1 ...nl! at ,::iO I' \1 011 ~l1nda)" evening ...dter.llill~ wilh K.IW.ti:lhao. Sunday School at10 \ \1. Prayer ;\1\ etin~ evcry \Vc:c1nc ..day at';' ::~() I' ... ,
THOS, G. 1~H1~l:l\tr,
Publisher o~ the ~ollowing Periodicals, Etc., will Mail the sameto al1ll Address on Receipt o~ their Price.
Rem"//(/llrc liy Po:'/a/ JfOIl(.\' Un/IT, or C. S. POS/(f/[C Stamps.HAWAIIAN ALMANAC AND ANNUAL. -For '~j;l. ·M. 'S3, . '6, . '7. " , 'SU, '90, '91
'9'1, '9:l, ·~j,l. ·ur•. ·UG. '!17; i"ul'" each Ilecember for Ihe succeeding year.Price 7;; cenls each: forl·ig-Il mail b;l ('cllls. IlsslIcs for '7:; lO '82 arc oul ofprinl.:
HAWAIIAN FERNS. :\ 'ynop,i, takell mlJ,t1) from Hooker and B.lker. by EdwardBailey, a pamphlet of G:! Jla~e" Prict· 7.1 cellts.
LAND SHELLS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.-Hy 1>. D. Baldwin, a pamphlel of9 pages. Price:!5 cent-,
HAWAIIAN GRAMMAR. \ ,hon ,ynop,j, of the most essential points therein, byI'rof. 'N. D. Alex.\nder: lill p.l~es. p'pcr cm'er. price IiU cents.
EARL Y NORTH ER N PAC IFIC VOYAGES :'\arrative of several trading voyagesfrom 181:1 to I Ill. het\lcen the.', \\.' oast of .\l1lerica, the lIawaiian Islandsand China, I,y "eter Come)', with I'relace and ,\ppendix of Confirmatory Leuersby I'rof. \\'. D. ,\Iexander, l:!mo, cloth. 1:11; 1'1'. Price reduced to $1.00.
ItiL lEo nc~NTVIRIE & BIROSo.. PROVISION MERCHANTS..
Ree@Corner Fort and King treets Honolulu.
FRESH ~UPPLlES BY EVERY STEAMER AND FRUITS IN THElR SEASON.
I DEX ..
:>92121161618171817
20III
32:l932
46244723
144
10841
14495
10115615547468486
118112
5
1:l81632
31
PAGE.
Labor Statistics .
J lebt Bonded, Hawaiian Islands ...Dimensions Halelbla, lao Vatley ..--Kl1:lllt:aI Moku I\Vet)WeU ..••..
Di;;tallces, Inter· Island, by sea .:,] -Channels and Ocean _.
--Ovcrland, Haw ii .Kau iiVI::.ui ..Oahu .
2; 11;\w'ii:1I1 CU~loms Tarifl .....--Epidemics .--upera II ouse.--I ostal Servire .--Produce free to U. S., by treaty
24 --Registered Vessels .Hawaii's r\nnu~1 Trade Balance ..
"18 --Eastern Sugar Fleet ....--1\ew Seal and Coat of Arms .
'2; --Oldest R~sid~nt. . .Historic Residence, An .
24 IJolidays observed in Hawaiian Is ..25
Imports-.ee CustOIll House ..24 Information for Tourists, etc .22 Inter-Island Distances, by sea ..23 Internal Taxes _ ,2;,2:1
:{u Genesis and Evolution of 1I0noluiuDailies.. . '" ..
:27 Government I.lnds. Area , ....
16441
:19Hi;
IG71-7-10 -
IJla Elevations, Tables of Principal .12 Episode in Illlnolulu Ilarbor, An .Ia ["ports-see Custom IlouSe.16 I .61 Fin.lllcial: . llllU·I In -fnal Taxes,49 from I iti. _ .
--Bonded Debt, Ilaw. Is. 1895 ..161 --Internal Taxe., bien'l, 1862-95
I --Receipts, Expenditure and Pub-:26 lic de'Jt, 1~:'i6-95. . .
PAGE. I139 Cu. tom IlouseTables-:~2 --Passenger Statistics, 1895 .45 Receipt;;, I' 5 .
·--Registcred \·essels .31 --Resume of Imports .
Customs TariA, Ilawaiian .
Agencies Sugar Plantati n5..Annual Internal Taxe from 1876.--License Fees List of--Sugar Experts, Amt. an,l value
from 1875 .--Trade balance of Hawaii frolll
1880 .Area, Elevation and Population of
Hawaiian Island ....--of Grants and L. C. Awards.Asiatic and Portuguese Plantation
Laborers, 1896 .
Calendar, Counting Ho::se ....--Court ....--QuarterlyCensus of 1896 .--Comparative Tables, 18:{6-1 90- -Latest returns by Islands, 18U6--Nationality and sex .Channel and Ocean Di. tancesChurch days and holidays .Clipper Passages .Coffee Growers through'lut the Isl-
ands, Table of. .Comparative Tables-Domestic Ex·
ports, 1891-94 .........--Import value VJrious countrit;:s,
1890-95 .-- Nationality of vessels in foreign
carrying trade, 1889-95 .....--Princip:11 articles export, '66-93--Quarterly exports, 1890-96 ....-- Rp.ceipts, Exp. and public debt.
1 56-95 .Court Calendar .Custom Iiouse Tables, Export .---Domestic, 1 95 .--Principal articies of, Compara-
tive, I 66-95 .--Quarterly values, Comparative,
1890-96 .--Quamity and value Domestic
Exports, 1895---Showing Countries sent to ....--Total value all Exports and Im-
ports .--Imports, 1895 ..--Bonded Goods, etc., 1895 .--Countries from .--Lila.. and value Free Imports ..
180 HAWAIIAN ANNUAL.
I'AGF:. PAGE.
4U R.lIlll.t11. 1I0nollllll. 180;;,(;'. 44!)() l\.l'U;ipts. Expenditures and Ikht of4:> lIawaii, IS51i gli. :m
ReKISter and Dircctory HiSi!l Retrospect for I !lli.. 1:14
l'oy.. 1 Palm, The..... 47
; i
4ti
Ii
4
llil2044
1584:1
144:l:.?
:104141i31
16415;11
159
554H
.1--1,,0 Standard and Local Time
:"'ot.l1i ... t ics -Custom IlollSt:, SeeHonded DelJ\. Ilaw'n Is., IS05.
31 --I.and- Pa:-.sqlgcr .. . . . .
Pl.tll13tit)l1 I.:-thor '" .Post Ollice .School , .
SUKar Exports, amI. and value. ',5-95- PI •• nlations, ~I ills and AKencies
.,-.S8
hi.•I Tablc of CoRiee Gr"ll'ers throughoutIi the Islands .IS - -Elevations, principal localities..Ii \ Ieteorological, JS9:> Ii ... _..
Postage and Parcel Post Hates.-Hainfall, Principal Localities ..
T:Hit, Cu tOl1ls. . .
41i Taxes. Annual, Biennial .15!) --Asscl, ('oll't'd, and Delinquel1l:
;11 lIawai. .. .. .......I:.? Itonolulu ..
15.. Kauai. . ..15ti Maui .........70 Oahu:lg I Summary .
, '~il1le Tahle.Ocean Ste1rners, IS9i .
4:. , \ .lI.et) of ,",sh "' ~Iarket .
Land Statistics .Legend of Oahllnui .License Fees, List 01
Rainfall, principal stati""s, II awaitan Islands, I \I.) Ii
Passenger Statistics, ISU.'Pa sengers, in transit, comparative.
102 !J5 ....Plantation Agencies. List of--Statistics, Sug,r. Labor, etc ...Population Ilawaiian Isl.1I1ds, I '!Ili..Port Charges, Honolulu ..Postal 'ervice, Hawaii n IslandsProportions of lJawaii.,n Flal:Public Debt, etc .. of "u\\aii
Mark Twain's DreamMeteorologinl Observati'l1ls. 110"0'
luluMid-Pacific College, A .....Mokuaweoweo in Activity ..
Obsolete Street r--ames...Ocean Steamer Time Table, ISUi.Overland Distances Ilawaii.
Kauai~Iaui
Oahu
N:.tionality of PI nlation Lab"rer, ...--V~ssels in Foreigll Carrying
Trade .ative Plants of Hawaiian I_lands ..Olable Trips of Pacific Steamers.
