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Pim Groen
1. Light2. Touch3. Integration
Pim GroenHolst CentreTU Delft
Light
Heated wire: point source
LightIn theory 100% = 683 lm/W
OLED Lighting: Anatomy of an OLED device
25 cm x 17 cm
10,000 €/m2
Rigid glass
Vacuum/litho processes
40-60 % material loss
Rare materials
100 €/m2
Flexible substrates
Direct printing processes
<5% material loss
Mainstream materials
2020Now
‘Light’
Organic light emitting diodes (OLED)
One of the key challenges:
How to manufacture these products?
Large quantities and large sizes…
• roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing preferred
– easier to make large quantities at low costs
• to be build on low cost flex foils
– not on polyimide-foil: ~ 50 euro/m2
– but on PET-foil: ~ 3 euro/m2
Printing preferred over lithographic patterning
• easier for roll-to-roll processing
• fine features without complicated masks
Large area flexible electronics, manufacturing
OLEDs coated on new R2R production line
Bottom-emissive OLED on plastic barrier foil Top-emissive OLED on metal foil
NEW: Transparent Flexible OLED
Color change
(Semi)transparent OLEDs
• Currently available in green, blue and red
• Allows for independent colour tuning in combination with a red or yellow emitting OLED
Color change
Touch
TouchKeep it simple � Piezoelectric materials
Ceramics: Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT bulk or fibres)
- Polymers: PVDF (+ Copolymers)
Stiff & Brittle; High TComplex processingHigh power density
Composites:FlexibleSimple processingGood sensor properties
Very FlexibleLow TComplex processingHigh Losses
Why composites?
Flexible ‘Touch’
Composite Piezoelectric materials
1
10
100
1000
1,00 10,00 100,00 1000,00
Pie
zoe
lect
ric
Vo
lta
ge
Se
nsi
tivit
y (
g3
1)
[mV
.m/N
]
Young's Modulus [GPa]
PolymersCeramicsSingle crystals0-3 Composites
PVDF based
0-3 Composites
Polymers
Ceramics
Glass ceramics
PZT
PT
BTQuartz
LiTaO3
Single Crystals
OLED
Flexibility
Se
nsi
tivit
y
DEP
Orientation of Lead free Piezo Composite
Polymer
Structure
Filler
+ =
Integration:
24
STORY /
LIFESAVER /
25
Dutch Design Week / Mind the step
26
klokgebouw
TACTILE TOP LAYER
SILICONE SHEET 0,3mm
PRINT LAYER
TRANSFER PRINT (GRAPHICS)
POLYESTER FABRIC (SEMI TRANSP.)
PVC MASKING
COLOR FILTERS
OVERHEAD SHEET
TACTILE BOTTOM LAYER
EPDM RUBBER 2mm
ITO SUBSTRATE
TRANSPARENT LAYER
CONDUCTING ELECTRICITY
EL PRINT
EMITTING LIGHT
ISO PRINT
INSULATING SILVER FROM ITO
SILVER PRINT
CONDUCTING ELECTRICITY
PIEZO PRINT
GOLD CONTACTS GLUED TO ..
LAYERS /
Integration:
