Canada: Accessible Parks Toolkit

Accessible Parks and Trails

Assessment Toolkit

Appendices A-E

Accessible Parks and Trails Assessment Toolkit 2008

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About the Toolkit The Accessible Parks and Trails Toolkit offers an easy-to-follow process for assessing the

accessibility of parks and trails. The Toolkit complements the Report on Accessible Parks

and Trails in British Columbia that was completed by a diverse group of stakeholders that

included parks, park users, disability organizations and others. The Toolkit includes

everything necessary to assess all elements of a park and its trails. The purpose of this Guide

is to help parks organizations to make better strategic decisions about managing and

upgrading accessibility in their parks.

The Toolkit includes a step-by-step guide for conducting an assessment, Accessible Parks and

Trails Inventory (APTI) spreadsheet, Accessibility Standards and a Glossary of Terms. Start

with the Guide and spreadsheet and follow the steps described below.

Who is this for? When should it be used? What is being assessed?

Assessors and those making strategic decisions

After strategic objectives have been set and parks to be assessed have been determined

Assets, links, services, information and business practices


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Appendix A: Step-by-Step Guide for Conducting the Assessments

1. Establish Visitor Use Pattern

Step one of the assessment can be completed on a basic park map. The idea is to annotate a

basic visitor’s experience and circulation pattern on the park map. A day visit, overnight

camper visit or multiple day visit can be included. The map will help to define where to

concentrate the park assessment and ensure that the key areas of the park are included in

the assessment. Think about how someone would spend the day at the site. They would likely

park (at their campsite or at the site of their chosen park activity), go down to the lake for a

picnic, go to the playground, use the washroom etc.

In the example below from Alice Lake Provincial Park, the diagram shows the key assets of

the site circled (thick line) including the accessible campground, washroom, amphitheatre,

beach, playground, picnic area, gatehouse and group camping area. The paths linking these

assets are also important to assess (shown by dotted arrows). The diagram can also include

either different colours or shapes to indicate the importance of the feature. Since there are

designated “accessible campsites” in this park (sites 17 and 18), it is helpful to start the

assessment from these sites. If there are no designated accessible campsites, start the

assessment from key assets in the park (parking or washrooms) to determine where the most

convenient accessible campsite could be located. This initial process will help to focus the

assessment to efficiently identify site specific assets and paths that will provide the most

impact if improved.

Step 1- Initial assessment


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2. Fill in Basic Information

Once determining where the assessment will occur within the park, fill in the basic

information about the park being assessed. Each park will require its own file and should be

labelled with the park name and assessment date (i.e. Alice Lake-2008-06-29.xls).

Accessible Parks and Trails Inventory (APTI)

Name of Park

Region

Nearest Community

Park Manager

Date of Assessment

Assessor(s)


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3. Conduct Inventory

To begin the assessment, using the APTI spreadsheet, start by identifying all the key assets and trails that will be assessed based on Step 1. Input these details in the left hand rows (see #3 on Figure below). Assign status levels (how important something is to a park with 0 being critical, 1 being very important, 2 moderately important and 3 not very important) to each asset and trail (see #4 on Figure below).

Utilizing the Worksheet templates provided on the tabs at the bottom of the spreadsheet,

ensure there is a column to place input for each instance of each asset and trail. If there are

multiple washrooms, add a column to the right of the questions to input results. The following

is a list of all the assets for which standards have been developed (Appendix D):

Common Measures Clear space Cross slope Entrances Hand Controls Barriers Hazards Knee Clearance Stairs Ramps Surfaces Signage Camping Tent Sites Drive-in Sites

Cabins Kayak Campsite Hook-ups Pedestal Grill Firepits/Fireplace Firewood area Amenities Parking Washrooms Showers Picnic Areas Picnic Shelter Kitchen Facilities Telephone Pay Station

Garbage/Recycling Fountain/Faucet Dock Fishing Pier Boardwalk Laundry Facilities Restaurants Benches Rest Stops Playground Park Kiosk Signage Information/reception Features Beach access Outdoor theaters Viewing Areas


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4. Assess Assets and Links

Using your Step 1 map and inventory list, go into the field and conduct the assessment on the

assets and trails. Remember to start from a key asset such as an accessible campsite. Each

tab contains pre-defined questions and assessment values based on the answers to the

questions in the spreadsheet. Features that are not accessible will get a rating of 0, basic

access 1, intermediate access 2, and universal access 3. Place the final ratings in the

Summary tab. If, during the process of assessing, additional assets or trails are identified, add

a column in the appropriate tab and record the results. These values will be used to assign a

final assessment value to that asset.

COMMON MEASURES Site A Site B Site C Photo No.

Requirements for Basic Access

Common Measures

1 Clear space- Is there 760 X 1200 mm clear space to approach an object head on?

2

Easy to operate hand controls- controls operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without tight grasping or

twisting of wrist

3 Operating height- beween 380 mm and 1200 mm

4

No barriers- no objects (natural or built) that reduces path widths to less than 920 mm or no gaps greater than 13 mm

wide or threshold greater than 13 mm high, or no gaps greater than 6mm if running parallel to direction of travel

5 No hazards- warnings provided for hazards

6 Surface- firm, stable (could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making ruts?)

WASHROOM Site A Site B Site C Site D Photo No.


Entrance to Washroom

1 Is there at least one accessible path1 to the washroom?

2 Is the door at least 810 mm wide (760 mm for single occupancy toilet)?

3 Are door handles and locks easy to operate2?

4 Can the door be opened with a minimal amount of force3?

5 Is the doorway free of barriers2 and a threshold less than 13 mm high?

6 Is there a 1.5 m X 1.5 m clear space in front of door?

View the Accessibility Standards Appendix D to see all the standards for all assets and links.

As you conduct assessments, estimate the cost of upgrading the asset or trail if possible. The

cost of upgrading will vary according to what level of access will be achieved. For an

inaccessible asset (access level = 0), an asset could be upgraded to 1 (to basic access), 2 (to

intermediate access) or 3 (to universal access levels). Assign values for each level upgrade (1

= maintenance cost; 2 = short-term capital upgrade; and 3 = long-term capital upgrade). For

upgrades not possible (i.e. an asset already at intermediate access, there is only 1 upgrade

level possible), assign a value of 99 which will highlight that such an upgrade is not

applicable. Insert the cost levels onto the spreadsheet (see #8-10 on Figure above).

5. Review and Rethink

A key part in terms of these assessments is to provide solutions and alternatives to site

situations that are not easily altered to improve accessibility. At Alice Lake, for example, the

slopes from the accessible campsite to the main assets of the site, the lake, beach, picnic

area, and amphitheatre are too steep for a wheelchair user, and cannot be easily altered.

These paths are noted with X’s on the figure below. During the site visit, alternatives should

be investigated.


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Step 5a - Problem links

In response to these grade challenges during the assessment it would be helpful to determine

if there is another campsite alternative that would work better with grades and the key assets

of this park site. At Alice Lake, for example, campsites 77 and 78 provide a good alternative

to campsites 17 and 18 for access. These sites are adjacent to an accessible washroom

building and are close to the road. The road provides an accessible link to key park assets

without steep grades. As a result of this analysis, the assessment should now include sites 77,

78, the washroom building and additional links.


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5b - Propose Alternatives

6. Assess Trails

Similar to the asset/link assessment, a conceptual visitor trail experience map should be

identified. Trails that are essential to the experience at the park, including interpretive

trails, trails to key viewpoints, popular walks, trails that are not too steep, link to parking

etc. should be identified as candidates for assessment.

Step 6a- Identify key trails


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With this initial review map, trail assessments are focussed on key trails. The standards for

trails are outlined in Appendix D. Alternative routes for trails may also be identified during

the assessment. Trails that are not suitable for upgrades due to difficult slopes, other

significant site conditions, extreme cost or environmental or cultural issues should be noted

on the review map.

Step 6b- Eliminate trails not suitable for

upgrades

7. Assess Services, Information and Business Practices

Independently, you can assess the services, information and communications and business practices that the park employs. See list below for examples.

Recreation Services • Swimming-life guard • Fishing • Boating • Horseback Riding Other Services • Interpretive Services • Outreach/Education Programs • Interpreter Services • Translators • Event Services • Transit to and from park


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Information

• Web

• Maps

• Publications-marketing

• Signage

• Wayfinding

• Spoken Word

• A/V Presentations

• Face-to-face communications Business Practices • Training • Hiring • Orientation • Security • Emergency • Policies

8. Analysis

After the field assessment is complete, data should be inputted into the APTI Spreadsheet and copies made of any maps or diagrams filed. Analysis will be conducted on assets and trails individually and together to better determine how well connected the accessible park experience is for users. The Summary Tab on the APTI will be used to collect all relevant data used in the analysis. Asset and Trails Analysis


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Explanation of Columns Asset/Trail Name Unique name of asset (.ie. Lake Washroom, Campground A Washroom, Trail Washroom). For Trails include origin and terminus.

Access Level Final access rating for that asset or trail 0 = not accessible 1 = basic 2 = intermediate 3 = universal

Status Subjective importance of that asset based on objectives and relative to that park High Status Park Features: accessible campsite, accessible showers, accessible washrooms, key trails, parking, other washrooms, key viewpoints) 0 = critical 1 = high status 2 = moderate status 3 = low status

Cost 1, Cost 2, Cost 3 Estimated cost to upgrade an asset or trail 1, 2 or 3 access levels. 1 = within maintenance budget 2 = short-term capital upgrade 3 = long-term capital upgrade 99 = not possible (i.e. if an asset is already universally accessible, it cannot be upgraded)

Factor The factor number is a subjective multiplier of the importance of a particular measure. The default values are 2 for access, 5 for status, 5 for upgrade of 1 access level cost (i.e 1 to 2), 3 for an upgrade of 2 access levels (i.e. 1 to 3) and 2 for an upgrade of 3 access levels (i.e. 0 to 3) Totals The totals reflect a sum of scores (i.e. Total 1 = Access Score (Access * Factor) + Status Score (Status * Factor) + Cost 1 Score (Cost 1 * Factor). The totals can be used to rank order accessibility decisions with the lower scores being the most important. A low score reflects “low hanging fruit”. These are assets and trails that have high status, low current access and low cost to upgrade. To highlight this, cells are colour coded (red for most important, yellow for moderately important and green for least important) based on a subjective range. In this case a total score less than 19 was given high importance and a score above 22 a low importance. To efficiently arrive at these conclusions, it is suggested that subjective status levels are assigned prior to field assessment and cost estimates are done after a feature’s access level is determined while still in the field.


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9. Making Decisions

In the end, the assessment will provide data that allows park managers to make more informed decisions as to where their accessibility efforts should be focussed and some estimates on the cost of these decisions. Decisions need to be made relative to the strategic objectives laid out during the strategic planning process.


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Appendix B: Inventory Spreadsheet - sample pages

COMMON MEASURES Site A Site B Site C Photo No.


Common Measures

1 Clear space- Is there 760 X 1200 mm clear space to approach an object head on?

2

Easy to operate hand controls- controls operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without tight grasping or

twisting of wrist

3 Operating height- beween 380 mm and 1200 mm

4

No barriers- no objects (natural or built) that reduces path widths to less than 920 mm or no gaps greater than 13 mm

wide or threshold greater than 13 mm high, or no gaps greater than 6mm if running parallel to direction of travel

5 No hazards- warnings provided for hazards

6 Surface- firm, stable (could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making ruts?)

WASHROOM Site A Site B Site C Site D Photo No.


Entrance to Washroom

1 Is there at least one accessible path1 to the washroom?

2 Is the door at least 810 mm wide (760 mm for single occupancy toilet)?

3 Are door handles and locks easy to operate2?

4 Can the door be opened with a minimal amount of force3?

5 Is the doorway free of barriers2 and a threshold less than 13 mm high?

6 Is there a 1.5 m X 1.5 m clear space in front of door?


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Appendix C: Glossary of Terms ADA- Americans with Disabilities Act- is a comprehensive federal civil-rights statute

protecting the rights of people with disabilities. It affects access to employment; state and

local government programs and services; access to places of public accommodation such as

businesses, transportation, and non-profit service providers; and telecommunications

Alternate Formats - Individuals with print-based disabilities often benefit from texts

available in alternate formats, including digital electronic text, digital audio narration,

Braille, large print, or sometimes even combinations of these

Assessment Value – level of accessibility determined by the assessment criteria

Assets – built and naturally occurring features in a park; also known as a node

Business Practices – the underlying policies, procedures and programs that help a park and its

resources function

Cost – estimated cost for upgrading a park feature which can be an absolute value, if known,

or along a relative scale with 0 being no work required, X being the highest cost required and

X-Y being a value between the lowest and highest values

CSA- Canadian Standards Association (develop standards that address needs, such as

enhancing public safety and health)

Firm surface- not noticeably distorted or compressed by wheelchair wheels Information – information about the features and services a park has in any and all formats

including face-to-face communications

Links – the general term for all paths and trails within a park

Paths- provide access to elements within a picnic, camping or recreational area where site

modifications are intended for visitor convenience and comfort. Paths are mainly for

circulation purposes.

Priority rating – the subjective value (1 = low 3 = high) given for the importance of an asset

to that park; instances of the same asset types might receive different values (i.e. day use

washroom might get a 2 priority versus a 3 priority for camp washrooms)

Services –activities offered in a park that may or may not include customer service

Slip resistant- not slippery under wet or dry conditions

Stable surface- not permanently affected by normally occurring weather conditions and able to sustain normal wear and tear between planned maintenance cycles

Trails- are usually recreational or scenic routes that may go to viewpoints, or connect to other trails.


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Appendix D: Accessibility Standards The standards outlined below are a combination of standards/best practices from a variety of

sources. Based on the principles of universal design, these standards are intended to

maximize accessibility for park users in an efficient and effective manner.

The standards explained below set out the minimal values required to reach a specific level.

Each higher level requires all the attributes of the level below plus additional values, except

where denoted. Because certain measures are duplicated often, they are provided in the

Common Measures section.

Basic Access

Basic access ensures that someone with limited mobility or using a wheelchair can get to and/or inside a facility or feature (including main entrances and public washrooms, if available). Some people may require assistance to access all features (trails, beaches etc.)

Intermediate Access

Intermediate access builds on basic access by providing safe access throughout facilities and use of amenities for both people with mobility and visual impairments. Trails are negotiable by most wheelchair users.

Universal Access Universal access ensures full access to all aspects of a facility or feature, as it relates to the following aspects of ability.

• Cognitive/developmental

• Partial/Full sight loss

• Partial/Full hearing loss

• Coordination/Agility (upper or lower extremities)

• Finger dexterity

• Stamina

• Reliance on mobility aids

• Extreme of size and weight (Diagrams below adapted from Timesaver Standards for Landscape Architects; Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation: A Design Guide. 1993. PLAE Inc; The Building Access Handbook. Illustrated commentary on Access Requirements in the 1998 BC Building Code. 1998. Crown Publications, British Columbia; Design Guidelines for Accessible Outdoor Recreation Facilities. 1994. Parks Canada; California State Parks Accessibility Guidelines 2005. Accessibility Section. Acquisition and Development Division; US Department of Agriculture Accessibility Guidebook for Outdoor Recreation and Trails. May 2006)


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Assets

Words in italics refer to common measures

Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Common Measures Clear Space to approach object (Fig. 1)

• 760 mm X 1200 mm required to approach object (trash can, vending machine etc.)

• 760 mm X 1200 mm required in either direction so wheelchair user can approach object from front or side. (min area 1200 mm X 1200 mm)

Cross Slope (Fig. 2)

• Maximum cross slope 2% (1:50) in any direction (Up to 3% in areas for drainage requirements (1:33))

• Max 3% on paths and trails (up to 5% for drainage if necessary)

Entrance (Fig. 3)

• Doors and gates must be minimum 810 mm wide

• Easy to operate door handle (lever style)

• Door requires minimal force to open (8lbs max)

• Accessible path and no barriers to access door

• No threshold over 13 mm high, where over 6mm high should be bevelled at a slope of 1:2

• 1500 mm X 1500 mm space in front of all doors with 600 mm clearance beside

• Clear signage indicating accessible entrance if not principal entrance

Easy to operate hand controls (Fig. 4)

• Controls should be operable with one hand (preferably closed fist) without tight grasping or twisting the wrist

• Operating heights 380 mm- 1200 mm

Figure 1. Minimum Clear Space Figure 2. Maximum Cross Slope

Figure 3. Entrance Figure 4. Easy to operate handles and universal operating height


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

No barriers (Fig. 5)

• Any object (natural or built) that reduces the path of travel to less than 920 mm wide or has a gap over 13 mm wide or threshold greater than 13 mm

• No gratings running parallel to travel path unless less than 6 mm apart

No hazards (Fig. 6,7)

• There is adequate warning for hazards (signage)

• All ground level hazards are protected

• No hazards exist hanging 2000 mm from above

• Objects should not protrude into the path more than 300 mm with a maximum of 680 mm above the ground

Knee clearance (Fig. 8)

• Clearance under counters/objects 680 mm high X 760 mm wide X 480 mm deep

Stairs (Fig. 9-11)

• Handrails and stair details as per figures (BC Building Code)

• No open risers

• Slip resistant surface

• Handrail 865-965 mm in height, extends 300 mm past top riser and continues one tread depth plus 300 mm parallel to floor past bottom riser

• Handrail continuously graspable along entire length at least on one side

• Detectable warning surfaces to warn of upcoming stair in urban settings and high use areas.

• If used, should be used consistently throughout site

Figure 5. No barrier Figure 6. Protection from overhead hazard

Figure 7. Protection from protruding hazards Figure 8. Knee clearance


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Figure 9. Stair Nosing

Figure 10. Handrails and warning strip


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Ramps (Fig. 12)

• Maximum 1:12 rise (8.33%)

• Minimum 920 mm wide

• Maximum cross slope 2% to ensure drainage

• Landings 1500 mm in length by width of ramp required at top, bottom and at changes of direction in ramp, as well as for every 910 mm vertical rise

• Handrails required on both sides of ramp if slope greater than 1:20

• Handrails not required if ramp rise is less than 150 mm

• Handrails continuous the full length of the ramp, 860-965 mm above ramp surface

• Edge protection is provided if drop off is greater than 600 mm

Surface • Firm, stable (Could a person ride a narrow tired bicycle without making ruts?), with an accessible cross slope

• Examples of surfaces include finely crushed aggregate, reinforced grass, paving, compacted wood chip surfaces, paving

• Stairs, ramps, docks should have slip resistant surfaces

Signage • 24 point font with high contrast between foreground and background)

• Minimal glare and reflection

• Alternate formats exist at entrance of key buildings and amenities

• Signage should be observable from seating or standing positions (centre of sign 1170-1575 mm above grade Fig. 27)

• Alternate formats at entrance of all buildings and amenities

• Signage uses simple language or symbols

Figure 11. Railing

Figure 12. Ramp detail (max 8.33%)


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Camping

Tent Sites (Fig. 13)

• At least one accessible site per park

• Accessible surface

• Provide min 1200 mm clear space around tent pad and other fixed elements

• Picnic tables allow for knee clearance in at least one spot

• No barriers or hazards

• Within 60 m of accessible washroom

• Site connected to accessible path

• Accessible sites are unmarked and reserved on request

• Within 30m of nearest accessible washroom, 60 m within common facilities (water etc.)

• Wheelchair accessible tent platforms, if provided, should be 430-485 mm above grade

• Variety of locations of accessible tent sites

Drive-in Sites • 4800 mm wide X 6000 mm long parking space (5000 min long for cars, 6000 mm long for RVs)

• An accessible RV with a lift may require a 6000 mm wide parking spot

Cabins/Lodging • Accessible entrance

• Corridors min 1500 mm

• clear space beside bed

• Clear space under the bed 180 mm high X 760 mm deep to store mobility aids

Kayak Campsite • Tent site with an accessible surface should be provided as near to the high tide mark as possible

• A 1500 mm wide route of travel cleared of barriers (logs, boulders) should be provided from the kayak beach site to the accessible tent site

• A pit toilet should be provided closest to the tent site as possible along an accessible path

• In more developed sites, an accessible path should link the beach to the accessible tent site.

Figure 13. Tent site clear space


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Hook-ups • Clear space in front of feature

• No barriers

• Easy to operate hand controls

• Accessible surface Pedestal grill (Fig. 14)

• Accessible surface with 1200 mm clear free draining ground space around ring

• Cooking surface 750– 900 mm above ground with 680 mm knee clearance

• Adjacent horizontal surface, at grill height, at least 200 mm wide on which to place hot objects

Fire Pits/Fireplace (Fig. 14,15)

• Accessible surface with 1200 mm clear free draining ground space around ring

• 450 - 600 mm high ring for safety, max 600 mm deep

• grate heights on fireplaces 420 – 475 mm above ground

• Fire building surface 230 mm from ground

Firewood • Wood bins should have a 920 mm clear opening for wheelchair access

• No barriers to access wood

Figure 14. Pedestal grill and fireplace

Figure 15. Fire place/fire pit


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Amenities

Parking (Fig. 16)

• At least 1 designated accessible spot per 100 spaces that are 3.7 m wide, 7.5 m deep, including a 1.2 m wide walkway

• Accessible spots and drop off zones should be located as close as possible to entrance/feature

• Accessible path to connect parking to entrance, amenity or feature (no barriers-curb cut provided)


• Accessible parking spaces should be clearly marked with an upright sign(1.5m from ground to bottom of sign) or pavement sign

• 4.7 m wide spot required for vans with lifts

• Bus drop off areas should be connected to an accessible path, with a maximum curb height of 200 mm to allow for the operation of standard lifts

Washrooms including pit toilets (Fig. 17)

• Accessible entrance

• 1500 X 1500 mm space within stall

• Stall door opens outward

• Accessible cross slope around pit toilet structure

• Easy-to-operate hand controls on faucets, toilets, stall doors, soap and dispensers

• Grab bar on wall beside toilet

• Sink has knee clearance and clear space

• Toilet is 400 mm – 460 mm high

• Grab bar behind toilet (fig 17a)

• Clear signage, Braille, or raised lettering outside washroom

• Insulated pipes under basin to prevent leg contact

• Urinal mounted with rim max 500 mm above floor with no barriers

• Where mirrors are provided, at least one mounted with bottom edge 1000 mm above the finished floor or is tilted to allow for viewing from seated position

Figure 17. Washroom layout

Figure 16. Parking Layout

Figure 17a. Grab Bars


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Showers (indoor/outdoor) (Fig. 18,19)

• Accessible entrance to shower stall and building

• Slip resistant surface

• Clear space in front of shower for manoeuvring

• Chair available to sit on while using shower

• Grab bars mounted 750 mm above ground (bottom edge) along two walls if possible

• Shower head for low rinsing shower mounted 1220-1350 mm, 1830 mm for standing shower


• Permanent bench to transfer within reach of shower controls

• Roll-in shower (shower chair available)

Picnic Areas (Fig. 20)


• Minimum of 1200 mm clear space around the picnic table

• No barriers to table pad or picnic shelter

• Knee clearance is provided to at least one spot at picnic table

• Picnic table or picnic shelter reached by accessible path

• Some picnic tables should be connected to an accessible path

• Accessible tables situated in variety of picnic settings (some in shaded areas)

• Accessible pedestal grills adjacent to accessible tables

• Located 200 m from parking, toilets and water if possible

• All picnic tables accommodate wheelchairs

Figure 18. Indoor shower

Figure 19 Outdoor Shower

Figure 20 Picnic area


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Kitchen Facilities • Accessible entrance

• Accessible path leading to facility

• Clear space in front of utility sinks


• Knee clearance under counters

Telephone Pay Stations

• Located on an accessible path

• Clear space in front of feature


• Knee clearance

• Instructions meet signage standards

Garbage/Recycling • Receptacles set back 300 mm from paths

• Openings less than 1 m high

• Clear space, accessible surface

• No barriers

• Easy to operate hand controls (unless bear proof receptacles required)

• Instructions meet signage standards

Drinking Water Fountain or Water Faucet (Fig. 21)

• 750-900 mm from ground to spout outlet

• Accessible surface with clear space in front adjacent to accessible path

• No hazards, barriers


• Knee clearance

Figure 21. Water faucet


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Dock (Fig. 22,23)

• Access to the dock area should be from an accessible path

• Accessible ramps


• Min 1500 mm wide

• Dock heights within 450 – 600 mm of the water level allow easier access to boats

• If provided, edge protection 75 mm high

• Dock edges should be emphasized with a colour contrasting strip that is a minimum of 50 mm wide

• Tiered transfer platforms can be used to access water from dock

• Extended rail support is helpful for added stabilization when entering boat

Fishing Pier (Fig. 24)


• Integrated with accessible path

• A 1200 mm X 1200 mm area is required for one angler.

• 1200 mm space behind the anglers for unrestricted pedestrian circulation

• In developed sites, a 75 mm high curb edge should be provided

• safety rail of at least 800 mm in height for seated users and 1070 mm for standing anglers

• Top rail slants towards angler for armrest (Fig 24)

• Shade, shelter and seating provided

• If fish cleaning tables provided, a section of table should be provided for wheelchair users with knee clearance

• Washrooms, parking within 200 m if possible

Figure 22. Boat access Figure 23. Example of universal access to water

Figure 24. Fishing pier


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Boardwalks


• Accessible surface in transition from path/trails to boardwalks

• Min 1500 mm wide

• Curb edge not less than 75 mm high, if provided

• Maximum 5% slope

Laundry Facilities • Provide clear space to machine

• Access to at least one of each type of machine installed for public use

• Easy to operate hand controlsl

Restaurants

• Accessible entrance, path to accessible table

• Knee clearance at tables/counters

• Menus are available in alternate formats

Benches (Fig. 25)

• The height of the front edge of the seating surface should be between 430-480 mm above grade, with a depth of 500-600 mm

• Benches with back support are preferable

• Armrests either in the centre or on one end of the bench assist people in rising

Rest Stops (Fig. 26)

• Provided where pedestrians must walk long distances, spacing depends on trail difficulty (see trail standards)

• Rest areas should be set back 600 mm from the trail or path

• Accessible surface to and around bench

• Clear space for wheelchair beside bench

Figure 25. Accessible bench Figure 26. Rest stop


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Playground • CSA standard for fall surfacing and accessibility (ie. no pea gravel or sand)

• Curb cut/ramp into play areas

• Playground equipment meets CSA –Z614 Standards

• Continuous accessible path throughout play area, connecting accessible activities and seating

• Min 1500 mm wide path

• Follows CSA-Z614 Annex H Guidelines for Playground equipment

• Seating areas provided with clear space beside benches

• Shade

Park Kiosk Signage- Park Map (Fig. 27)

• Meets basic signage requirements

• All restrooms, drinking water, trail lengths and elevation gain marked on map

• “you are here” identified

• Accessible path to kiosk/sign, Sign within 1800 mm of path edge

• Significant grade changes identified on maps

• Enough information provided so users can decide whether to attempt trail (distance, grade, cross slope, etc.)

• Rest areas and distance between indicated

Information/reception desk/concession

• Accessible section in counter if counter more than 2 m long

• Counter less than 900 mm above floor with knee clearance

• Pens and paper available for communication

• Menu in alternative format

Figure 27. Park kiosk signage


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Features Beach access (Fig. 28,29)

• Accessible path to the sand/water viewing area

• Accessible path provided to water’s edge with surfaces including: flexible rubber runners, beach mats, boardwalk, snow fencing

• Surfaces can be used seasonally where severe winter conditions prevail

• Access path extends 900 mm beyond the water’s edge (high tide or average water level in a lake)

• Path does not exceed to a water depth greater than 750 mm. Dock access acceptable.

• Dry/level place (1200 X 1200 mm) to park/leave mobility aids adjacent to water’s edge

• If beach wheelchairs are provided, signage should be posted to indicate availability

Outdoor Theatres (Fig. 30)

• Accessible entrance

• Accessible path to seats

• At least two accessible seating (900 X 1200 mm) spaces with adjacent companion seating

• Clear sightlines without obstructing view for others

• Captioning available or alternate communication options upon request

• Provide variety of seating locations, including seats where wheelchair users can transfer

• Access on to the stage is barrier free

• Stage edge marked with colour contrasted strip

• At least 600 mm wide aisles provided for easier ambulatory access

Figure 28. Example of beach matting

Figure 29. The pathway/boardwalk should extend 900 mm beyond the water’s edge at high tide (or average water level in a river)

Figure 30. Outdoor theatre seating


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Viewing Areas (Fig. 31, 32)

• Located on an accessible path

• Clear space at viewing area


• Guard rails, if required, are 1070 mm high max (allows for visibility from seated position)

• Vertical rails spaced less than 100 mm apart provide good visibility through a higher guardrail

• If a telescope or periscope is provided, at least one must be useable from a seated and standing position or have a moveable arm with easy to operate hand controls

• Clear signage

Figure 31. Visibility at guardrail

Figure 32. Viewing scope usable from seated position


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Links

Paths- (Accessible paths ensure universal access connecting main park elements, and must be continuous and free from obstructions. They should be the main path of travel for the general public to the maximum extent feasible)

Slope • 5% slope (1:20) or less, unlimited distance (max slope 5% on boardwalk)

• From 5.1% to 8.3% (1:12) for maximum distance of 15 m

• From 8.34% for maximum distance of 9 m

• No slopes greater than 10% permitted

Cross Slope • Cross slope not to exceed 3% (5% maximum if necessary for proper drainage)

Surface • Firm, stable

Resting areas (Fig. 33)

• Provided every 15 m for slopes between 1:20 and 1:12, every 9 m for slopes between 1:12 and 1:10

• 1500 m in length by width of path

• Distances may be increased between areas depending on site conditions

Width (Fig. 34)

• Minimum 920 mm (1500 m minimum for boardwalk)

• Width can be reduced to 810 mm for a distance of 600 mm maximum

• Where route less than 920 mm, passing spaces 1500 X 1500 mm should be provided every 60-90 m.

• A t intersection in a path can also be used as a passing space

Barriers/Hazards • No hazards or barriers (See Common Measures)

Edge protection (Fig. 35)

• If provided, should have a height of 75 mm (used at least on one side if drop from path is greater than 75 mm)

• If drop from trail exceeds 600 mm, a railing should be provided

Figure 33. Resting areas along path

Figure 34. Passing spaces along narrow trail

Figure 35. Edge protection with a 500 mm min shoulder cleared of vegetation.


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Figure 36. Measuring grade with a hand level Figure 37. Measuring grade with a digital level.

A detailed universal trail assessment process that uses a clinometer and digital inclinometer to measure grade

and cross slope has been developed by Beneficial Designs (a US based firm) www.beneficialdesigns.com

Trails- (Trails are usually recreational or scenic routes that may go to viewpoints, other trails, or are simply circle routes. Trails enhance the visitors’ experience of natural and cultural features of a site allowing a varied levels of access). Based on Kananaskis Standards, Alberta.

Class Universal

(for all users) Intermediate Access (for most users)

Basic Access (for some users)

Length of Trail- (accessibility also depends on terrain, endurance level of individual)

0-3 km 1-5 km 3+ km

Width 1.2-1.5 mm 1.2-1.5 mm

<920 mm

• Same as path

Surface • Paved (asphalt, concrete)

• Boardwalk

• Compacted crushed aggregate (6 mm (1/4”)

• Surface firm in all weather

• Compacted crushed aggregate

• Reinforced grass

• Surface firm in all weather

• Packed dirt

• Compacted wood chips (small gauge, well compacted)

• Crushed gravel

Max grade (running slope)

1:16 (6%) 1:10 (10%) 1:8 (12%)

Max grade X length before resting area required (Fig. 36,37)

1:16 for 15 m

1:16 for 50 m 1:10 for 4 m

1:16 for 100 m 1:10 for 20 m 1:8 for 8 m


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Class Universal

(for all users) Intermediate Access (for most users)

Basic Access (for some users)

Shoulder No drops Minimal drops variable

Cross slope 2% max 3% max 3.0% max

Use frequency (ie. demand for use of a particular trail))

Med-heavy Medium Light-med

Trail access Paved parking Paved parking, other trail

From roadway

Rest stop/benches 1 per 200m 1 per 400 m optional

Edge condition • 75 mm curb provided where the vertical drop from the trail exceeds 75 mm

• Curb also offers “shoreline” for visually impaired users

• 75 mm curb at difficult or hazardous locations

• 75 mm curb at difficult or hazardous locations

Barriers • No barriers • No barriers • May find some obstacles

Feature • A trail that goes past a prominent feature should provide basic access at least to the feature unless there is a significant environmental barrier


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Services, Information and Communications and Business Practices

Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Services Recreation • All recreational

activities made available to people with disabilities

• Adapted equipment is permitted/available for use with activities

• Adapted equipment is available for rent for appropriate activities

Programs • All programs made available to people with disabilities

Event Services • all events made available to people with disabilities

• Programs take into consideration of the needs of people with disabilities

Transit Services • If transit services are available, drop-off and pick-up areas are accessible

• Accessible transit services are available to and from the park

Information Web • Website is W3C Compliant

• Information about park-specific accessibility is provided

Maps • Maps show accessibility features

• Maps are available in large font versions

Publications • Publications are available in large (14) point font

Signs • Map readability- 24 point type size, sans serif

• Signage should be observable from seating or standing positions (centre of sign 1170-1575 mm above grade for wall mounted sign)

• Signs should be setback 450-600 mm from pathways

• The international symbol of accessibility should be displayed at accessible parking spaces, loading zones, accessible restrooms, and accessible site and facility entrances that are not the primary entrance

• Graphic information is accessible to all including those with mobility, learning and visual impairments.

• Raised or routed letters are helpful for visually impaired, as are raised relief maps

• Where possible, signage complemented by informational brochures can provide more detailed information


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Basic Access

Intermediate Access

Universal Access

Wayfinding • Warning signs directing people away from barriers and hazards • Includes simple graphics, landmarks, and colour to enhance orientation • Symbols and diagrams are preferred over text

Audio-Visual • Alternate audio and visual formats should be provided when audio or visual services are provided

Face-to-Face (Customer Service)

• Disability sensitive communications should always be used

• Awareness of disability specific needs should be applied when providing park information

Business Practices

Recruitment & Hiring

• People with disabilities are actively recruited

Orientation & Training

• Staff training includes general disability awareness training

• Staff orientation and communications include park-specific accessibility awareness

Emergency Procedures

• Emergency procedures consider people with disabilities and are embedded into regular training

Universal Design • Principles of universal design are considered for all developments

• Feedback from park users is actively sought


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Appendix E: References and Links The references listed below provide sources for sources/references for more detailed

accessibility information. Web links provided are good sources for the most up to date access

information.

• Annex H CAN/CSA-Z614 Children’s Playspaces and Equipment Standards.

• Barrier Free Guidelines Design Manual Vol 3. 1996. Ontario Parks.

• Boulder Area Accessible Trails and Natural Sites. 2006. Boulder Parks and Recreation Expand Program.

• California State Parks Accessibility Guidelines 2005. Accessibility Section. Acquisition and Development Division.

• Design Guidelines for Accessible Outdoor Recreation Facilities. 1994. Parks Canada.

• Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access. 1999. US Department of Transportation.

• Guidelines for Accessibility in Outdoor Spaces. 2003. City of Kelowna.

• Kananaccess. Barrier Free Design for Trails, Pathways and Facilities in Kananaskis Country. 1990. Alberta.

• National Centre on Accessibility. www.ncaonline.org

• Recommendations for Accessibility Guidelines: Recreation Facilities and Outdoor Developed Areas. 1994. US Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board.

• The Accessibility Checklist. An Evaluation System for Buildings and Outdoor Settings. Users Guide, Survey Forms. Second Edition. 1993. Mig Communications.

• The Building Access Handbook. Illustrated commentary on Access Requirements in the 1998 BC Building Code. 1998. Crown Publications, British Columbia http://www.housing.gov.bc.ca/building/handbook/index.htm

• Timesaver Standards for Landscape Architects

• Universal Access Standards. 2004. Capital Regional District.

• Universal Access to Outdoor Recreation: A Design Guide. 1993. PLAE, Inc.

• US Department of Agriculture Accessibility Guidebook for Outdoor Recreation and Trails. May 2006. www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/accessibility/

• US Forest Service Outdoor Recreation Accessibility Guidelines. FSORAG. May 22, 2006.


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Additional Standards

Reach (persons in wheelchairs, canes, standing) BC Building Code

Eye level for wheelchair user is between 1100 and 1300 mm from the ground.