Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Uses and abuses of data visualizations in mass mediaESS Visualisation Workshop 2016Valencia. May 17-18, 2016. #ESSvisualisation
Pablo Rey Maz nó@numeroteca
numeroteca.org
Montera34montera34.com
Open Evidenceopen-evidence.com
Slides bit.ly/datavisabuse
All
the
New
s (a
nd A
ds) T
hat’s
Fit
to
Prin
tht
tp://
num
erot
eca.
org/
2013
/06/
23/a
ll-th
e-ne
ws-
and-
ads-
that
s-ft
-to-
prin
t/News media are not neutral
Data visualizations are cultural artifacts. They are subjective as we must distort and simplify reality.
There are white lies, misuses and... lies.
Nobody is neutral.
Dataviz in Mass media
News media want to tell a story …and show the context
Video: http://graphics.wsj.com/countdown-to-a-greek-showdown/
http://info.ils.indiana.edu/~katy/S637-S11/gershon01.pdf
Hans Rosling: Debunking third-world myths with the best stats you've ever seen.https://youtu.be/RUwS1uAdUcI
(news media)
… and let you explore the data.
For collaborative journalism.
exploration.
http://www.elconfidencial.com/economia/papeles-panama/2016-04-03/papeles-panama-papers-interactivo-politicos-internacionales-sociedades-offshore_1177852/
Panama Papers
Above all:
Show me the data!
1. Data visualization Key concepts (tuftean way)
+ Data-ink ratio
+ Chart Junk
+ Data Density
http://www.perceptualedge.com/example6.php
Data-Ink ratio
= proportion of a graphic's ink
devoted to the non-redundant
display of data information
Data-ink ratio = data-ink
total ink used to print a graphic
Image: http://scholarworks.rit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9824&context=theses
Data-ink Ratio and Task Complexity in Graph Comprehension. Kevin McCurganhttp://scholarworks.rit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9824&context=theses
Chart junk
What you should erase.
http://www.elsalmoncontracorriente.es/?El-bombardeo-comercial-de-las
Data density
data density of a graphic =
number of entries in data matrix
area of data graphic
Example by Stephen Few.
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/07/08/us/census-race-map.html
1 dot = 60 people
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/07/08/us/census-race-map.html
2. Review of data visualization types with examples
Data tables
Tables work best when
+ It is used to look up individual values
+ Data must be precise
+ You must include multiple units of measure
+ You wish to show both details and their sums
Slide borrowed from Stephen Few.
Stephen Few. Show me the numbers.
Tables also need to be properly designed!
Change order of the rows!
Datatables.Free software available at http://datatables.net/
http://www.eldiario.es/gastos_tarjetas_black/GRAFICO-extractos-responsables-Caja-Madrid_0_312169637.html
Black Credit Cards analysis of type of spending
http://numeroteca.org/tarjetasblack
Black Credit Cards analysis of type of spending
http://numeroteca.org/tarjetasblack
Banks Market value
Example by Alberto Cairo. Visualizar. 2011
Understanding areas
Societ G n rale Market valueé é é
Example by Alberto Cairo. Visualizar. 2011
Societ G n rale Market valueé é é
Example by Alberto Cairo. Visualizar. 2011
Example by Alberto Cairo. Visualizar. 2011
Tree mapsand sankey diagrams
Public sepnding.
Material transparency
https://presupuestos.gobierto.es/places/madrid/2015
Spain is in 2013 the mayor wine producer in the world
Bar charts
Useful Junk? The Effects of Visual Embellishment on Comprehension and Memorability of Chartshttp://ww.w.cedma-europe.org/newsletter%20articles/misc/The%20Effects%20of%20Visual%20Embellishment%20on%20Comprehension%20and%20Memorability%20of%20Charts.pdf
Bar charts
By Spanish Public Television. TVE.
Evolution of unemployment in August
Displayed on TV
All the data
Evolution of unemployment in August
Be careful with multivariable graphics
http://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21660550-growth-has-returned-dangers-still-lurk-back-its-feet
Film Dialogue from 2,000 screenplaysBroken Down by Gender and Agehttp://polygraph.cool/films/
Data maps
Maps are great data visualizations to show geospatial
data, but they have to be used carefully.
+ Chorophlet maps
+ Bubbles maps
Chorophletmap
“Chorophlet wrongly equate the visual importance of
each country with its geographic area rather than with
the number of people living in the country”. Tufte
John Snow 1854.
How to lie with maps. Monmonier
Depends where
the boundaries
are drawn.
Depends on how you color the map.
Select a good color scale!
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/mapToolClosed.do?tab=map&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=tsdde220&toolbox=types
The winer takes it all problem in election maps.
http://datos.elespanol.com/elecciones-generales/resultados/congreso/
http://elpais.com/elpais/2015/12/18/media/1450461184_895079.html
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/RSI/#?vis=nuts2.population&lang=en
Eruostat: data and distibution plot. Population.
http://especiais.g1.globo.com/politica/mapa-manifestacoes-no-brasil/17-04-2016/contra/
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/BubbleChart/?lg=en#tableCode=pat_ep_ntec
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/BubbleChart/?lg=en#tableCode=pat_ep_ntec
Recommendations and tools
Think what you need to tell. What, whom, where?
Select type of visualization.
Do not let the tool take decisions for you.
Show context. Show the data
Use of multiple skills: statisticians, designers,
Journalists, developers, artists.
Tell a story or allow others tell a story.…
Uses and abuses of data visualizations in mass media
ESS Visualisation Workshop 2016Valencia. May 17-18, 2016. #ESSvisualisation
Pablo Rey Maz nó@numeroteca
numeroteca.org
Montera34montera34.com
Open Evidenceopen-evidence.com
Questions!
bit.ly/datavisabuse
Show me the data
Show me the data
https://robots.thoughtbot.com/analyzing-minards-visualization-of-napoleons-1812-march
Show me the data!
Show me the data
but tell me a story!
Show me the data
but tell me a story
with an image!
