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The Impact of ScreenQuota on Korean Film Market
200900079 황선우201000038 공진원201200053 백하현201200085 최은혜
Contents
1. What is Screen Quota?
2. What is the Impact of Screen Quota?
3. 1960-1970 Korean Film Market
4. After FTA (2001-2011)
5. Other factors
6. Conclusion
7. Index: Foreign Example
What is the Screen Quota?
What is Screen Quota?
• A minimum number of screening days
• To protect domestic market.
• The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (U.K.)
• France, S.Korea, etc...
Screen Quota in Korea
• In 1966
– Established to "filter out West-
ern influences.”
– At least 146 days each year.
• FTA(2006)
– Reduced by half: 73 days.
What is the impact of
the Screen Quota?
Approach• Comparative advan-
tage• Focus• Hollywood• Movie industry– Huge capital– High Technology
Ricardian
Model
Korea better off at film Industry
Infant Industry
Holly-wood
Korea
Better QualityBetter price
1) Specialized 2) Labor pooling
3) Knowledge
Green zone for Korean film industry
The major factor in growth of Korean film in-dustry
Abolition or reduction = Damage(Exit)
Assumption
1960~1970’s
Korean Film Market
History of Screen Quota
Film law was en-
acted
Enforced Screen quota
in Korea
U.S. re-quested to abolish the
screen quota
Reduced screen quo-tas from 146 days to 73
days
1964
2006
1999
1967
The Regulatory Period(1960s)
Golden age of Korea
Cinema
Quota Sys-tem
Governmen-tal policy
Rapid in-crease of au-
dience
Urbaniza-tion
1950 1959 1965
5
111
189
The number of making movies
1943 1968
1
5.7
The number of watching movies
per head
Korea vs World :The Number of Audience in 60s
1965 1967 1968 1969 -
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
Korean films
**Based on Seoul theater
Korea vs World : Market Share
1965 1967 1968 19690%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
45.5% 41.3% 48.6% 48.9%
54.50% 58.70% 51.40% 51.10%
Foreign films
Korean films
Korea in 1960s
Korea in 1960s
In the case of popular movie, you have to queue at least 3 to
4 hours!
Korean Film Market
after FTA
FTA(2006)
• 146 days → 73days
• Concern about Korean film in-
dustry
Demonstration
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Korean Films 2271 4481 5082 6391 8019 8544 9791 7929 6354 7641 6940 8287
Foreign Films 4191 4455 5431 5556 5498 6008 5549 7938 8729 8055 7978 7686
Total 6462 8936 10513 11947 13517 14552 15340 15867 15083 15696 14918 15973
1000
3000
5000
7000
9000
11000
13000
15000
17000
Korean Films Foreign Films Total
The Number of Viewers each year
Box office indicator each year
year
Korean Film Foreign FilmTotal view-ers
(10000)
total#movies per per-son
view-ers(10000)
Market share(%)
#movies per person
view-ers(10000)
Market share(%)
#movies per person
2000 2,271 35.1 0.41 4191 64.9 0.89 6462 1.3
2001 4,481 50.1 0.96 4455 49.9 0.94 8936 1.9
2002 5,082 48.3 1.07 5431 51.7 1.13 10513 2.2
2003 6,391 53.49 1.32 5556 46.51 1.15 11947 2.47
2004 8,019 59.33 1.65 5498 40.67 1.13 13517 2.78
2005 8,544 58.71 1.75 6008 41.29 1.23 14552 2.98
2006 9,791 63.8 2 5549 36.2 1.13 15340 3.13
2007 7,939 50 1.61 7938 50 1.61 15867 3.22
2008 6,354 42.13 1.28 8729 57.87 1.76 15083 3.04
2009 7,641 48.68 1.54 8055 51.32 1.62 15696 3.16
2010 6,940 46.52 1.37 7978 53.48 1.58 14918 2.95
2011 8,287 51.86 1.63 7686 48.14 1.52 15973 3.15
03' 04' 05' 06' 07' 08' 09' 10' 11'0
50
100
150
200
250
80 82 87110
124113
138152
216
65 74 83
108 112 108118
140150
The number of production and released;
Korean Film
production released
03' 04' 05' 06' 07' 08' 09' 10' 11'0
100
200
300
400
500
600
271 285253
289
404360
311
383
508
175 194 215 237281 272
243286 289
The number of imported and re-leased;
Foreign Film
import released
Export of Korean Films per each year
Export amount of Korean Films were increased every yearHowever, export price per one movie decreased
02' 03' 04' 05' 06' 07' 08' 09' 10' 11'0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
80,000,000
133 164 194 202 208 321 361 251 276 366
export total export(1,000USD)
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 웰컴 투 동막골 쇼박스 40,328,508,500 6,436,508
2 가문의 위기 ( 가문의 영광 2) NEW 28,622,355,500 4,529,876
3 말아톤 쇼박스 26,284,943,000 4,196,840
4 해리포터와 불의 잔 W.B. 20,628,374,500 3,301,353
5 아일랜드 - 20,363,994,500 3,218,811
6 공공의 적 2 - 20,091,127,000 3,134,421
7 친절한 금자씨 - 20,483,051,393 3,119,682
8 태풍 - 19,372,557,600 3,035,086
9 미스터 & 미세스 스미스 - 18,900,071,500 2,963,193
10 너는 내 운명 - 17,653,752,500 2,701,230
TOP 10 in 2005
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 괴물 쇼박스 66,715,713,300 10,917,153
2 왕의 남자 시네마서비스 61,605,851,900 9,793,917
3 타짜 롯데엔터테인먼트 36,180,800,700 5,685,441
4 미션 임파서블 3 Paramount 32,154,883,400 5,127,003
5 투사부일체 - 31,959,686,000 5,074,314
6 캐리비안의 해적 : 망자의 함 - 23,832,939,000 3,911,617
7 한반도 - 20,597,497,600 3,331,593
8 미녀는 괴로워 - 18,919,439,500 3,224,865
9 다빈치 코드 - 18,873,057,800 3,022,936
10 가문의 부활 - 가문의 영광 3 - 15,996,330,400 2,598,859
TOP 10 in 2006
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 디워 쇼박스 49,339,934,700 7,855,441
2 트랜스포머 Paramount 47,619,379,338 7,389,696
3 화려한 휴가 CJ 엔터테인먼트 44,098,449,600 6,855,300
4 스파이더맨 3 한국소니픽쳐스 29,511,658,000 4,592,309
5 캐리비안의 해적 : 세상의
끝에서 -- 29,133,447,500 4,571,229
6 해리 포터와 불사조 기사단 -- 22,899,775,300 3,691,060
7 다이 하드 4 : 죽어도 산다 - 20,622,308,900 3,176,937
8 그놈 목소리 -- 17,598,617,600 2,972,299
9 식객 -- 18,972,140,500 2,963,196
10 300 -- 18,683,698,500 2,929,561
TOP 10 in 2007
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 좋은 놈 , 나쁜 놈 , 이상한 놈 쇼박스 43,747,552,000 6,684,933
2 추격자 쇼박스 33,986,959,000 5,046,096
3 쿵푸 팬더 Paramount 29,996,476,000 4,653,929
4 맘마미아 ! Universal Studio 29,571,255,750 4,552,475
5 과속스캔들 -- 28,506,879,500 4,361,509
6 강철중 : 공공의 적 1-1 -- 28,638,460,100 4,313,101
7 아이언맨 -- 27,798,047,000 4,290,816
8 인디아나 존스 4 : 크리스탈
해골의 왕국 -- 26,689,440,000 4,111,753
9 미이라 3: 황제의 무덤 -- 26,217,311,000 4,090,885
10 다크 나이트 -- 26,878,184,500 4,060,490
TOP 10 in 2008
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 해운대 CJ 81,025,004,000 11,324,433
2 국가대표 쇼박스 57,570,773,000 8,035,181
3 트랜스포머 : 패자의 역습 Paramount 50,697,608,000 7,392,990
4 2012 Columbia Pics 48,886,883,500 5,390,201
5 아바타 -- 43,441,164,500 5,150,667
6 터미네이터 : 미래전쟁의 시작 -- 29,690,943,500 4,499,776
7 7 급 공무원 -- 26,380,710,000 4,039,891
8 과속스캔들 -- 25,293,891,900 3,861,757
9 쌍화점 -- 22,493,822,400 3,296,474
10 거북이 달린다 -- 20,618,276,000 3,024,666
TOP 10 in 2009
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 아바타 20C Fox 81,455,728,000 8,151,952
2 아저씨 CJ 47,101,332,000 6,178,248
3 인셉션 W.B. 43,394,990,000 5,827,444
4 의형제 쇼박스 40,153,729,000 5,416,812
5 아이언맨 2 -- 32,635,195,500 4,425,003
6 전우치 -- 26,345,113,000 3,611,472
7 이끼 -- 25,437,300,500 3,350,303
8 포화속으로 -- 23,831,958,600 3,330,324
9 하모니 -- 21,641,750,000 3,018,131
10 방자전 -- 22,490,024,000 2,985,483
TOP 10 in 2010
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 트랜스포머 3 Paramount 74,840,681,500 7,784,743
2 최종병기 활 롯데 엔터테인먼트 55,827,861,500 7,470,633
3 써니 CJ 54,035,565,100 7,362,657
4 완득이 CJ 48,526,161,500 5,309,928
5 쿵푸팬더 2 ---- 44,298,708,500 5,062,720
6 미션임파서블 : 고스트프로토콜 -- 37,765,048,000 4,975,161
7 조선명탐정 : 각시투구꽃의 비밀 -- 35,841,769,500 4,786,259
8 도가니 -- 35,566,854,800 4,662,822
9 해리포터와 죽음의 성물 2 -- 34,507,600,000 4,400,270
10 리얼 스틸 -- 26,566,677,000 3,579,666
TOP 10 in 2011
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 도둑들 쇼박스 93,664,808,500 12,983,178
2 광해 , 왕이 된 남자 CJ 88,899,448,769 12,319,390
3 어벤져스 W.D.P. 59,557,853,478 7,074,867
4 늑대소년 CJ 46,590,107,000 6,654,390
5 다크 나이트 라이즈 -- 47,644,838,000 6,396,528
6 바람과 함께 사라지다 -- 34,614,661,161 4,909,937
7 어메이징 스파이더맨 -- 41,163,951,235 4,853,123
8 범죄와의 전쟁 : 나쁜놈들
전성시대 -- 36,538,823,500 4,719,872
9 내 아내의 모든 것 -- 34,223,620,500 4,598,821
10 연가시 -- 32,175,400,664 4,515,833
TOP 10 in 2012
Rank Movie Distributor Sales Viewers
1 7 번방의 선물 NEW 91,431,914,670 12,811,206
2 설국열차 CJ 67,010,077,500 9,349,991
3 관상 쇼박스 66,005,451,500 9,134,586
4 아이언맨 3 Universal Pics 70,806,191,000 9,001,309
5 베를린 -- 52,355,568,637 7,166,290
6 은밀하게 위대하게 -- 48,700,887,413 6,959,083
7 변호인 -- 40,953,438,500 5,687,052
8 숨바꼭질 -- 39,602,987,500 5,604,104
9 더 테러 라이브 -- 39,869,755,381 5,584,146
10 감시자들 -- 39,380,162,179 5,508,017
TOP 10 in 2013
Other fac-tors
Growth of Economyyear GDP per person
Household consumption (entertain-
ment)
1970 793 2.4
1973 1097 2.1
1980 2643 2.2
1983 3845 3.0
1990 8203 3.9
1991 9195 3.9
1992 9857 4.0
1993 10,594 4.0
1997 14,592 4.0
1998 13,644 3.4
2000 16,344 4.1
2003 19,335 4.0
2004 20,723 3.6
2005 22,098 3.7
•Assumption
GDP affects develop-
ment of movie industry.
Why?
GDP
Movie Consumption
1970 1973 1980 1983 1990 1991 1992 1993 1997 1998 2000 2003 2004 2005
793 1,097
2,643 3,845
8,203 9,195
9,857 10,594
14,592 13,644
16,344
19,355 20,723
22,098
Growth of GDP
Growth of Economy
Distributor
Appearance of Big Distrib-utor
Rich Capital & Connection
with related industry
Economy of Scale
EX-CEPT
Distributor
Distributor
1,1740,000Distributor: Show-box
1,2980,000Distributor: Show-box
1,1090,000DistributorCJ Entertainment
Conclusion
ConclusionScreen Quota can be helpful in movie in-
dustry.
It ‘s not an only factor. There are some other factors.
So we should consider it more synthet-ically.
But
Index: For-eign
Screen Quota
JapanAdopted Screen quota at Showa age
Abolished in 1945 → Didn’t last for a long time
Golden Age in 1950’s
Not only Screen quota but also other various factors have affected to the
movie industries.
So
Japan• Japan’s Golden Age in 1950’s
Mexico’s Produc-
tion
Taiwan: Earning btw/ domestic & foreign movies
References
• Korean Film Commission (2002). The market share of Korean films. Re-
trieved November 11, 2002,from http://www.kofic.or.kr/movie/boxof-
fice.asp
• Kim, S. (2002, January 25). Ministries divided over screen quota. The
Korea Times. Retrieved November 11, 2002
• 영화진흥위원회 정책연구부 , 2014년 한국영화산업 결산
• 한국영화연감
• http://www.koreascience.or.kr/search/articlepdf_ocean.jsp?url=http://
ocean.kisti.re.kr/downfile/volume/kocon/CCTHCV/2011/v11n2/
CCTHCV_2011_v11n2_238.pdf
THANK YOU