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Homelessness Data Discussion
First Annual Canadian HomelessnessData Sharing Initiative
Calgary Homeless Foundation and The School of Public Policy at the University of CalgaryMay 4, 2016, Officer’s Mess – Fort Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
Dr Tracey P. Lauriault, School of Journalism and Communication, Carleton University & Programmable City Project, Maynooth University
Theoretical Framework
Data Studies Vision
Unpack the complex assemblages that produce, circulate, share/sell and utilise data in diverse ways
Chart the diverse work they do and their consequences for how the world is known, governed and lived-in
Survey the wider landscape of data assemblages and how they interact to form intersecting data products, services and markets and shape policy and regulation
Rob Kitchin and Tracey P. Lauriault, Forthcoming, Toward a Critical Data Studies: Charting and Unpacking Data Assemblages and their Work, in J. Eckert,, A. Shears & J. Thatcher, Geoweb and Big Data, University of Nebraska
Press , Pre-Print http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2474112
How is the city translated into software and data?
Programmable City Project
Translation:City into Code/Data
Transduction:Code/Data Reshape
City
THE CITYSOFTWARE/DATA
Discourses, Practices, Knowledge, Models
Mediation, Augmentation, Facilitation, RegulationHow do software and data reshape the city?
Rob Kitchin, 2013
Socio-technological data assemblage
Material Platform(infrastructure – hardware)
Code Platform(operating system)
Code/algorithms (software)
Data(base)
Interface
Reception/Operation (user/usage)
Systems of thought Forms of knowledge
Finance Political economies
Governmentalities & legalities Organisations and institutions Subjectivities and communities
Marketplace
System/process performs a task
Contextframes the system/task
Digital socio-technical assemblage
HCI, remediation studiesCritical code studies
Software studies
Critical data studies
New media studiesgame studies
Critical Social ScienceScience Technology
Studies
Platform studies Places
Practices
Flowline/Lifecycle
Surveillance studies
Rob Kitchin, 2013
Knowledge Production
Tracey P. Lauriault, 2012, Data, Infrastructures and Geographical Imaginations. Ph.D. Thesis, Carleton University, Ottawa, http://curve.carleton.ca/theses/27431
Making up Spaces and
People – Modified
Ian Hacking Dynamic
Nominalism
Framework
Data Person Data Double (Virilio, 2000) Digital doppelgänger
(Robinson, 2008) Data Ghost (Sports analytics) Data Trails / Traces /
Shadows / Footprints Data (statistical) Person
(Dunne & Dunne, 2014) Dataveillance (Clarke, 1988)
Case Study
Homeless case study scopeObject of Study:
A. Dublin Ireland: Pathway Accommodation and Support
System (PASS) Dublin Street Count Central Statistics Office (CSO)
national census enumeration of the homeless.
B. Boston, MA, USA: Homelessness Data Exchange (HDX)
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Housing Inventory Count (HIC)
Boston Health Commission Annual Street/Point-in-Time (PIT) Count of Homelessness
US Census Bureau National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC)
C. Ottawa, ON, Canada: National Homelessness Information
System (HIFIS) Ottawa Street Count Statistics Canada national census
enumeration of the homeless. Federation of Canadian Municipalities
(FCM) Municipal Data Collection Tool (MDCT) indicators on Homelessness
Funding Programmable City Project
P.I. Prof. Rob Kitchin NIRSA, Maynooth University
European Research Council Advanced Investigator Award
ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY
http://www.homelessdublin.ie/
pass
http://www.dublincit
y.ie/official-street-count-
figures-rough-sleeping-
winter-2014-across-dublin-
region
http://www.cso.ie/en/census/
census2011reports/
homelesspersonsinirelandaspecialcensus2011r
eport/
The making of homeless people
Dublin Homeless Action Plan The Cross–Department Team, under the aegis of the Department of
the Environment and Local Government, was established under the auspices of the Cabinet Committee on Social Inclusion.
The Departments of Finance, Health and Children, Social, Community and Family Affairs, Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Education and Science, Tourism, Sport and Recreation as well as
FÁS Probation and Welfare Service
Dublin Regional Homelessness Executive
Data dissemination
http://www.environ.ie/en/DevelopmentHousing/Housing/SpecialNeeds/HomelessPeople/
Homeless case study outputs
A. 3 site specific city case studies for comparative analysis 3 CS reports with accompanying data, information and literature including:
3 national homeless shelter intake software systems 3 city specific point in time street counts 3 national statistical agency censuses which enumerated people who are homeless Interview recordings and transcripts from key informants Repository of related grey literature
B. Data Assemblages Data assemblage for each intake data system, street count and homeless census Comparative analysis of these data assemblages
C. Construction of homeless people and homelessness Application of the modified Ian Hacking framework to the making up of homeless people and spaces 3 homelessness data classification genealogies Comparative analysis of genealogies
D. Academic Papers
Acknowledgements
The research for these studies is funded by a European Research Council Advanced
Investigator award ERC-2012-AdG-323636-SOFTCITY.
I would like to express my gratitude Dublin City Council, and all the people interviewed as part
of this study.
Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness
Pilot Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness
• Funded by:– Data Development Projects on Homelessness Program, Homelessness Knowledge Development Program, Homelessness
Partnering Secretariat of Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC)• Partnership:
– Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Quality of Life Reporting System (QOLRS) (24 cities) and the Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre
• 2 cities and 1 metropolitan area:– City of Calgary– City of Toronto– Communauté métropolitaine de Montréal
• Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre Research Team: (https://gcrc.carleton.ca/confluence/display/GCRCWEB/Pilot+Atlas+of+the+Risk+of+Homelessness):– Research Leader: Tracey P. Lauriault ([email protected])– Cartographer: Dr. Sebastien Cacquard, – Geomatician: Christine Homuth– Primary Investigator: Dr. D. R. Fraser Taylor– Thanks to: Glenn Brauen, Amos Hayes and Jean-Pierre Fiset
Federation of Canadian
Municipalities Quality of Life
Reporting System (QoLRS)
Introduction to the Pilot Atlas of the Risk of Homelessness
City Indicators Across Time
City of Toronto 50%+, Housing Starts & Vacancy Rates
City of Calgary: LICO & 30% of Income Spent on Rent
City of Calgary: LICO & 30% of Income Spent on Rent
Grand Montréal: Logements sociaux et populations ayant des difficultés financières pour se loger
Aging Social Housing Stock by Neighbourhood: Toronto
Data Issues
• Statistics Canada Geographies change• Health districts, wards, neighbourhoods and StatCan boundaries differ• Formats differ• The cost of StatCan special tabulations are cost prohibitive• Restrictive access to some datasets – HIFIS• CMHC data is very expensive• Licenses are restrictive• City data are the richest
The stories we can tell about Canada's social-policital-economy is impeded with due to data cost and access issues
Municipal Data Collection Tool
Municipal Data Collection Tool
Community Data Program
Community Data Program
Data Negotiation
Questions What are the big data issues that need to be addressed? How can we work together? Access to HIFIS data – a strategy? Broader analytics? Do we need a broader team of analysts? Standards? Portal – data & research? How do we get the data to change policy? Open Data?
Data cultures
Research Data
GovData
GeoDataPhysical Sciences
Public Sector Data
Access to Data Open Data
Social Sciences
2005
VGICrowdsource
Citizen Science
Scientists, Cultural Institutions E-Government, CTOs
AdminData