Chapter 04 array

ArrayArrayChapter 4

MOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN

IntroductionIntroduction

An array can store one or more values in a single variable name.

When working with PHP, sooner or later, you might want to create many similar variables.

Instead of having many similar variables, you can store the data as elements in an array.

Each element in the array has its own ID so that it can be easily accessed.


Types of ArrayTypes of Array

There are three different kind of arrays:◦ Numeric array

An array with a numeric ID key◦ Associative array

An array where each ID key is associated with a value

◦ Multidimensional array An array containing one or more arrays


Numeric ArraysNumeric Arrays

A numeric array stores each element with a numeric ID key.

There are different ways to create a numeric array. ◦ Example

In this example the ID key is automatically assigned:

$names = array(“Kamal",“Ahmad",“Ali");


◦ Example 2 In this example we assign the ID key manually:

$names[0] = “Kamal";$names[1] = “Ahmad"; $names[2] = “Ali";


Variable name value

ExampleExample

The ID keys can be used in a script:


<?php

$names[0] = "Peter";$names[1] = "Quagmire";$names[2] = "Joe";

echo $names[1] . " and " . $names[2] . " are ". $names[0] . "'s neighbors";

?>

What is the output of the above script?

Associative ArrayAssociative Array

An associative array, each ID key is associated with a value.

When storing data about specific named values, a numerical array is not always the best way to do it.

With associative arrays we can use the values as keys and assign values to them.


1st technique◦ $ages = array("Peter"=>32, "Quagmire"=>30, "Joe"=>34);

2nd technique◦ $ages[‘Kamal'] = "32"; ◦ $ages[‘Ahmad'] = "30"; ◦ $ages[‘Ali'] = "34";

<?php $ages[‘Kamal'] = "32"; $ages[‘Ahmad'] = "30"; $ages[‘Ali'] = "34";echo “Kamal is " . $ages[‘Kamal'] . " years old."; ?>


What is the output of the above script?

Multidimensional ArraysMultidimensional Arrays

Multidimensional Arrays◦ In a multidimensional array, each element in the main array can also be an array

◦ Each element in the sub-array can be an array, and so on.


ExampleExampleMOHAMAD RAHIMI MOHAMAD ROSMAN

$families = array

( "Griffin"=>array ( "Peter", "Lois", "Megan" ), "Quagmire"=>array ( "Glenn" ), "Brown"=>array ( "Cleveland", "Loretta", "Junior" ));

Array

([Griffin] => Array ( [0] => Peter [1] => Lois [2] => Megan )[Quagmire] => Array ( [0] => Glenn )[Brown] => Array ( [0] => Cleveland [1] => Loretta [2] => Junior )) ;

ExerciseExercise

ID Name Class CGPA

2001 Rahul 3A 3.56

2002 Yunos 3B 3.49

2003 Mubin 3C 3.85

2004 Anuar 3D 3.63


Create four (4) array, namely:•Id•name•class•Cgpa

Then, assign those array into the following statements:

Last week, a student named …………… , with UiTM ID …………….., from class ……………. with a CGPA of ………….. has been choosen to represent our university for a debate tournament


Data & Analytics

Chapter 04 array