Sense and Respond Sense and Respond Logistics Capability Logistics Capability

(SRLC)(SRLC)

S&RS&RS&R

Conc

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Conc

ept

S&RS&RS&R

Conc

ept

Conc

ept

Following current doctrine is supposed Following current doctrine is supposed to make things work well. to make things work well.

Success generated by adhering to doctrine is Success generated by adhering to doctrine is not supposed to be “surprising.” not supposed to be “surprising.”

butbut

Arthur K. Cebrowski, VADMDirector, Force TransformationOffice of the SECDEF

Logistics Problems Logistics Problems Operation Iraqi FreedomOperation Iraqi Freedom

Rate of Advance:Rate of Advance: Out ran logistic communications Out ran logistic communications Reliable Communications:Reliable Communications: Logistics units lacked Logistics units lacked

best communication capabilitybest communication capability Visibility of Supplies: Visibility of Supplies: Lost visibility ofLost visibility of incoming and incoming and

intra-theatre suppliesintra-theatre supplies In-theatre Transportation: In-theatre Transportation: Less than optimal use of Less than optimal use of

theater transportation assetstheater transportation assets

Some Lessons LearnedSome Lessons Learned

Trends suggest a lag in Trends suggest a lag in integrating logistics more fully integrating logistics more fully into a broader network-centric force into a broader network-centric force capability and operational approach capability and operational approach could become increasingly dangerous.could become increasingly dangerous.

U.S. military deployments abroadU.S. military deployments abroad Continuing Demand for MaterielContinuing Demand for Materiel Formidable OpponentsFormidable Opponents Metrics/ReportingMetrics/Reporting

… …We must build forces that draw upon the We must build forces that draw upon the revolutionary advances in the technology of war revolutionary advances in the technology of war that will allow us to keep the peace by that will allow us to keep the peace by redefining redefining war on our termswar on our terms. I’m committed to building a . I’m committed to building a future force that is defined less by size and more future force that is defined less by size and more by by mobility and swiftnessmobility and swiftness, one that is easier to , one that is easier to deploydeploy and and sustainsustain, one that relies more heavily , one that relies more heavily on on stealthstealth, , precision weaponryprecision weaponry and and information information technologiestechnologies..

President George W. Bush President George W. Bush Commander in Chief Commander in Chief U.S. U.S. Naval Academy Commencement Naval Academy Commencement May 25, May 25, 2001 2001

Congressionally DirectionCongressionally Direction

Section 934 of Public Law 106-398 stipulates that areas Section 934 of Public Law 106-398 stipulates that areas listed below be addressed listed below be addressed SEC. 934. NETWORK CENTRIC WARFARE (NCW) SEC. 934. NETWORK CENTRIC WARFARE (NCW)

1. Findings. Congress makes the following findings: 1. Findings. Congress makes the following findings:

(a) (a) Joint Vision 2020 Joint Vision 2020 set the goal for the DoD to pursue information set the goal for the DoD to pursue information superiority in order that joint forces may possess superior knowledge and superiority in order that joint forces may possess superior knowledge and attain decision superiority during operations across the spectrum of attain decision superiority during operations across the spectrum of conflict.conflict.

(b) One concept being pursued to attain information superiority is known as (b) One concept being pursued to attain information superiority is known as NCW. The concept of NCW links sensors, communications systems, and NCW. The concept of NCW links sensors, communications systems, and weapons systems in an interconnected grid that allows for a seamless weapons systems in an interconnected grid that allows for a seamless information flow to warfighters, policy makers, and support personnel. information flow to warfighters, policy makers, and support personnel.

Rumsfeld Rumsfeld DoctrineDoctrine

The core of the Rumsfeld doctrine is that the The core of the Rumsfeld doctrine is that the speed/availabilityspeed/availability of effects takes away options, of effects takes away options, thereby limiting/barring the enemy’s ability to thereby limiting/barring the enemy’s ability to adapt. Speed is comprised of more than just adapt. Speed is comprised of more than just physical speed, however. Cognitive speed is a physical speed, however. Cognitive speed is a vital component; it takes the initiative from the vital component; it takes the initiative from the defender and severely limits their ability to reactdefender and severely limits their ability to react

The “New American The “New American Way of War”Way of War”

Jointly coherent forces must operate Jointly coherent forces must operate without functional barriers similar to the without functional barriers similar to the way in which joint capability packages way in which joint capability packages must exhibit seamless interoperability. must exhibit seamless interoperability.

Logistics, Operations, and Intelligence can Logistics, Operations, and Intelligence can no longer carry on as separate and distinct no longer carry on as separate and distinct communities that share occasional communities that share occasional interface points; their performance in the interface points; their performance in the cognitive and information domains in cognitive and information domains in particular must become more jointly particular must become more jointly coherent. coherent.

Gen Richard. B. MyersChairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

OpsOps IntelIntel

LogLog

Domains of WarfareDomains of Warfare

Network-Centric WarfareNetwork-Centric Warfare“The Emerging 21st Century Way “The Emerging 21st Century Way

of War”of War”

Posits:Posits: a shift away from a shift away from attrition strategies in attrition strategies in favor of effects-based favor of effects-based operations operations

joint coherence as opposed joint coherence as opposed to coordination among to coordination among different service different service componentscomponents

concurrent rather than concurrent rather than sequential actions sequential actions

operational adaptabilityoperational adaptability

Sense & Respond Concept OriginSense & Respond Concept Origin

S&R business analog is an adaptive S&R business analog is an adaptive

managerial framework originally managerial framework originally developed by IBMdeveloped by IBM

Business literature and practice Business literature and practice reflect application of network reflect application of network centric theory and principlescentric theory and principles

SRLC ContentionsSRLC Contentions

Demand is ultimately unpredictable, so success depends on Demand is ultimately unpredictable, so success depends on speed of pattern recognition and speed of responsespeed of pattern recognition and speed of response

The best supply chain is one that is highly flexible rather than The best supply chain is one that is highly flexible rather than highly optimized highly optimized

Business units and subunits organize into modular capabilities Business units and subunits organize into modular capabilities that negotiate with one another over commitmentsthat negotiate with one another over commitments

Networks self-synchronize via a common environment and set Networks self-synchronize via a common environment and set of shared objectives; typically business financial and customer of shared objectives; typically business financial and customer satisfaction measuressatisfaction measures

Sophisticated IT support enables data sharing, “knowing Sophisticated IT support enables data sharing, “knowing earlier,” commitment tracking, and role reconfigurationearlier,” commitment tracking, and role reconfiguration

S&RS&RS&R

Rapid Prototyping

Rapid PrototypingCo

ncep

t Co

ncep

t

Experimentation

Experimentation

S&RS&RS&R

Rapid Prototyping

Rapid PrototypingCo

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t Co

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Experimentation

Experimentation

SRLC Prominent SRLC Prominent CharacteristicsCharacteristics

The materiel in and moving to an armed conflict forms a The materiel in and moving to an armed conflict forms a common pool from which any unit can draw support. common pool from which any unit can draw support. ((It is a It is a joint pool, not separate service reservoirs.joint pool, not separate service reservoirs.))

All units within a functionally organized network are All units within a functionally organized network are potential consumers and providers of supply to and from all potential consumers and providers of supply to and from all other units in the network. other units in the network. ((It is a common network, not a set It is a common network, not a set of separate supply chains.of separate supply chains.))

All units dynamically synchronize to All units dynamically synchronize to satisfy demands within the network. satisfy demands within the network. ((It is It is not strictly hierarchicalnot strictly hierarchical.).)

Network-Centric Warfare

Global Information

Grid

The SRLC recognizes that the effectiveness of a unit is a function not only of having enough ammunition, fuel, food, water, and everything else that maintains military capabilities, but also that combat effectiveness is a function of avoiding burdensome surpluses.

Adaptive vs FlexibleAdaptive vs Flexible

SRLC is SRLC is adaptiveadaptive rather than rather than flexible, an flexible, an important nuance important nuance that connotes a that connotes a greater capacity to greater capacity to adjust to a broader adjust to a broader range of range of environmental environmental factors, including factors, including timing and radical timing and radical changes in context. changes in context.

Contractors Support Contractors Support during Iraqi Freedomduring Iraqi Freedom

Size:Size: More than military personnel engaged More than military personnel engaged in supply activitiesin supply activities Responsiveness:Responsiveness: Surprised at degree of Surprised at degree of effectiveness and efficiencyeffectiveness and efficiency ““Bridging” capacity:Bridging” capacity: Functioned as “Trusted Functioned as “Trusted Agent” across services Agent” across services

Synchronizing S&R and the Synchronizing S&R and the Force-Centric Logistics EnterpriseForce-Centric Logistics Enterprise

Overall Objective:Overall Objective: Develop a coherent, convergent DoD Develop a coherent, convergent DoD Logistics Transformation Strategy that reconciles and builds on Logistics Transformation Strategy that reconciles and builds on S&RL, FLE, and PBL initiativesS&RL, FLE, and PBL initiatives

Near-term:Near-term: Identify linkages and specific leverage points in Identify linkages and specific leverage points in programs and initiativesprograms and initiatives

Apply S&RL concepts and co-evolution strategies and Apply S&RL concepts and co-evolution strategies and processes, end-to-end and at all levels (strategic, operational, processes, end-to-end and at all levels (strategic, operational, tactical—these blur in the S&R concept) to evaluate current and tactical—these blur in the S&R concept) to evaluate current and design future initiativesdesign future initiatives

Present a concept for joint prototyping and experimentation to Present a concept for joint prototyping and experimentation to explore these interactions directlyexplore these interactions directly

Web SitesWeb Sites 1. DoD Office of Transformation. 1. DoD Office of Transformation. http://www.oft.osd.mil 2. Network Centric Warfare, DoD report to Congress. 2. Network Centric Warfare, DoD report to Congress. http://www.defenselink.mil/nii/NCW/http://www.defenselink.mil/nii/NCW/ 3. 3. Network-Centric Warfare: Its Origin and FutureNetwork-Centric Warfare: Its Origin and Future. Adm Cebrowski, . Adm Cebrowski, Director, DoD Office of Transformation. Director, DoD Office of Transformation. http://www.usni.org/Proceedings/Articles98/PROcebrowski.htmhttp://www.usni.org/Proceedings/Articles98/PROcebrowski.htm 4. e-Book; 4. e-Book; Network Centric Warfare: Developing and Leveraging Network Centric Warfare: Developing and Leveraging Information SuperiorityInformation Superiority. . http://www.dodccrp.org/NCW/ncw.html http://www.dodccrp.org/NCW/ncw.html 5. 5. Network Centric Warfare: An Overview of Emerging TheoryNetwork Centric Warfare: An Overview of Emerging Theory, John J. , John J. Garstka, Joint Staff. Garstka, Joint Staff. http://www.mors.org/publications/phalanx/dec00/feature.htmhttp://www.mors.org/publications/phalanx/dec00/feature.htm 6. Network-centric warfare: Not there yet,6. Network-centric warfare: Not there yet, Dan Caterinicchia, Federal Dan Caterinicchia, Federal Computer Work.Computer Work. http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2003/0609/cov-netcentric-06-09-03.asphttp://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2003/0609/cov-netcentric-06-09-03.asp 7. An Interview With The Director7. An Interview With The Director, Admiral Arthur K. Cebrowski, , Admiral Arthur K. Cebrowski, Director of Force Transformation, Office of the Secretary of Defense. Director of Force Transformation, Office of the Secretary of Defense.

http://e-reservist.net/SPRAG/TransformationInterview-http://e-reservist.net/SPRAG/TransformationInterview-Admiral%20Arthur%20K_%20Cebrowski.htm Admiral%20Arthur%20K_%20Cebrowski.htm

SummarySummary

Operation Iraqi Freedom showed us that we were sporadically applying some of the tenets of Sense and Respond Logistics, but there is more to do.