Spill Prevention Through Environmental Risk Management

Enterprise EHS Software Solutions

SPILL PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT


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SPILL PREVENTION PLANS

CONSTRUCTING A RISK MODEL


INTRODUCTION

REPORTING




Spill Prevention Plans are operating procedures that prevent spills.

Your plan should control measures to prevent spills from reaching environment

Countermeasures to contain, clean up and mitigate effects of a spill


Why Use a Spill Prevention Plan?

Provincial, state, federal penalties

PR issues, stock price

Remediation/restoration activities

Enterprise EHS Software Solutions6

A SPILL PREVENTION PLAN SHOULD FORM PART OF YOUR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT

FRAMEWORK

• Set of coordinated activities that direct an organization’s actions in order to reduce risk

• Enables EHS professionals to proactively identify and rank risks

• Decrease reliance upon professional judgement


ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT

RISKASSESSMENT

ANDTREATMENT

OPTIONS

STAKEHOLDERSDECISION MAKING

OPERATIONS TO REDUCE

RISK

ENGAGE

CONCERNS

MONITOR

ACTIONSCONTEXT

RISK CONTROLOPTIONS

Fig 1: NERAM Benchmark Risk Management Framework


SPILL PREVENTION PLANNING

Technical/Procedural Assessment of Spill Risk


INTRODUCTION

REPORTING




COMPONENTS OF A SPILL PREVENTION RISK ASSESSMENT

1. Hazard Identification

2. Estimating Spill Likelihood

3. Estimating Potential Spill Severity

4. Risk Analysis & Priority Ranking

5. Prevention Planning


STEP 1: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

• Complete materials inventory

• History of organization’s spills/leaks

• Adverse effects of agents when combined

• Potential routes into environment (storage/transportation/use)

• Potential for failures in controls/machinery

• Environmental fate


STEP 2. ESTIMATING SPILL LIKELIHOOD

• Historical weather data

• Equipment failure rates

• Preventative maintenance data

• Professional judgement

• Human error analysis



Qualitative Approach Likelihood/Probability Description

Very unlikely Less than 1 event every 200 years

Unlikely At least 1 event every 200 years

Possible At least 1 event every 30 years

Very Possible At least 1 event every 10 years

Certain 1 or more event every year

Level Descriptor Example description

A Almost certain Is expected to occur in most circumstances

B Likely Will probably occur in most circumstances

C Possible Might occur or should occur at some time

D Unlikely Could occur at some time

E Rare May occur only in exceptional circumstances



Semi-Qualitative Approach

Weight Possiblility

Frequent (5) 1 or more events per year

Probably (4) 12 or more events per 10 years

Occasional (3) 1 or more events per 3 years

Remote (2) 1 or more events per 200 years

Improbable (1) Less than one event in 200 years


STEP 3. ESTIMATING POTENTIAL SPILL SEVERITY

• Physical and chemical characteristics of the agent

• Into which media the agent is released (air/land/water)

• Human health/environmental threats posed by the agent

• Professional judgement


STEP 3. ESTIMATING POTENTIAL SPILL SEVERITY

Qualitative

Impact Description

Catastrophic May cause fatalities

Severe Impacts to health (non-fatal) or widespread injury or damage to the environment that is difficult to remediate

Moderate Material discomfort of localized impacts to property or the natural environment that can be remediated

Low Easily remediated impacts toindividual property

None No impact

Consequence (Risk Weight)

Public Health Consequences

Catastrophic(100)

Multiple fatalities and injuries

Major (60) Single fatality, permanent total disability

Serious (25) Major injury, partial injury or longer term injury

Moderate (10) Minor injury, medical aid or low severity impairment

Minor (2) Slight injury, illness, first aid not required

Semi-Qualitative


STEP 4. RISK ANALYSIS & PRIORITY RANKING

Likelihood x Severity = Relative Risk of a Spill

STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4



Risk Matrix:

Like

liho

od

of

occ

urr

en

ce Certain

Very Possible

Possible

Unlikely

Very unlikely

None Low Moderate Severe Catastrophic

Impact/Adverse Effect



Risk Matrix:

Likelihood Consequences

1 Insignificant 2 Minor 3 Moderate 4 Major 5 Catastrophic

A (almostcertain)

Moderate High Very high Very high Very high

B (likely) Moderate High High Very high Very high

C (possible) Low Moderate High Very high Very high

D (unlikely) Low Low Moderate High Very high

E (rare) Low Low Moderate High High



Risk Registry Table:

Risk Score (R) Risk Level Action Required

>400 Extreme Risk Cannot tolerate – immediate action necessary to reduce risk

100-400 High Risk Unacceptable for long-term, must implement risk controls

30-100 Moderate Risk Undesirable, evaluate risk reduction measures in long-term

<30 Low Risk No mitigation necessary, periodic evaluation to maintain low level


Risk Score (R) Risk Level Action Required

>400 Extreme Risk Cannot tolerate – immediate action necessary to reduce risk

100-400 High Risk Unacceptable for long-term, must implement risk controls

30-100 Moderate Risk Undesirable, evaluate risk reduction measures in long-term

<30 Low Risk No mitigation necessary, periodic evaluation to maintain low level

RISK THRESHOLD & PRIORITIZATION

Like

liho

od

of

occ

urr

ence Certain

Very Possible

Possible

Unlikely

Very unlikely

None Low Moderate Severe Catastrophic

Impact/Adverse Effect

?

?


EXAMPLE: PULP & PAPER INDUSTRY

• Sodium Hydroxide

• Receive Shipment –Rail Tank Cars

• Sodium Hydroxide

• Tank Storage

• Effluent/Sludge

• Transportation to Thermal Evaporators

• Effluent/Sludge

• Storage for thermal evaporators

1 2

3 4


EXAMPLE: PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

1 2

3 4

X

X

XX


TRANSPARENCY & REPEATABILITY

• Documentation is a critical component of any Risk Assessment:

What are the Risk Assessment inputs

How are risk estimates reached?

Documented action plan per risk category


STEP 5: PREVENTION PLANNING

• Risk level and prioritization can now be fed back into the Risk Management Framework for prevention planning and the institution of controls


STEP 5: PREVENTION PLANNING

• Documentation

• Preventative/Corrective Actions


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PRIORITIZATION, REPORTING & TRENDING


REPORTING

• Robust and consistent benchmark for estimating risk

• Movement away from reliance on professional judgement and toward a repeatable, transparent process

• Prioritization of controls and corrective actions


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REPORTING




This presentation was used for a webinar on spill prevention which you can watch for free here: http://www2.medgate.com/environmental-risk-slideshare

WATCH THE WEBINAR

http://www2.medgate.com/environmental-risk-slideshare

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Spill Prevention Through Environmental Risk Management