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Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Daily Shop Floor ManagementShop Floor Management Practices
Marek Piatkowski – November 2016
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Introduction - Marek Piatkowski Professional Background
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada (TMMC) - Cambridge, Ontario from 1987-1994
TPS/Lean Transformation Consulting - since 1994 Professional Affiliations
TWI Network – John Shook, Founder Lean Enterprise Institute (LEI) – Jim Womack Lean Enterprise Academy (LEA) – Daniel Jones CCM/CAINTRA – Monterrey, Mexico SME, AME, ASQ, CME
Lean Manufacturing Solutions - Toronto, Canada
www.twi-network.com
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Presentations in this Workshop
1. Log in to: www.slideshare.net
2. Type in my name in search area:
Marek Piatkowski3. Select a
presentation you want to see
4. Learn and Enjoy
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Management (Operating) System Every company has a formal or informal Management (Operating)
System Management System is a way of managing and operating your
business. It allows management and institutions to formulate solutions to problems of organizing:
People Equipment Material Capital
to design, market, sale, produce and deliver or provide services to the customer. We have learned many things about management over the past
3,000 years. But we continuously look for new and better management tools or methods.
The best tools and methods are those which stand the test of time, and which give you a lot of leverage over common problems.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
What is Lean Transformation? Lean Transformation is a practical management system based on
TPS (Toyota Production System) philosophy: Customer first People are the most valuable resource Kaizen - Continuous Improvement Gemba - Shop Floor focused
Lean Transformation is a collection of best know: Business philosophies Operating principles Lean Tools Lean Methodologies
When properly used and applied they will lead any Company to higher profits, greater business success, stability, growth and profitability
Taiichi OhnoCredited with realizing the concept of the Toyota Production System.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
What is Daily Shop Floor Management
Daily Shop Floor management means developing and controlling: Management System:
Organization - People Procedures Information Management techniques
A Physical System Plant – building and equipment Production methods Transportation and delivery methods
To economically manufacture products of certain value and quality, in certain volume and within a certain time period.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Two Types of Shop Floor Management Activities
Daily Shop Floor Management
Shop Floor Continuous Improvements
Development of Leadership Skills and understanding of Roles and Responsibilities of a Supervisor or a Manager through daily
practices, coaching and On-the-Job Training (OJT).
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Daily Shop Floor Management - Tools and Methodologies
Tools Workplace Organization - 5S Visual Management Information Centers Standardized Work for
LeadersMethodologies Daily Team Meetings Daily Management Walk
About and Support Teams Gemba Walks – Process Audit
Daily Shop Floor Management
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Process Improvement SFM - Tools and Methodologies
Tools Value Stream Mapping PDCA Practical Problem Solving A3 ReportMethodologies Standardized Work Kaizen – Continuous
Improvement Quality Circles Improvement Kata
Shop Floor Continuous Improvements
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Solving Problems in Manufacturing
Life in Manufacturing consists of solving
problems and implementing
solutions.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Toyota’s Philosophy – Manager’s Role In a true TPS environment decision making process should be
made at the lowest possible level of the organization. Simple, effective solutions are the most effective
A manager’s or supervisor’s role consists of leading problem solving activities in a multi-skilled, cross-functional team environment
Managers role is to make sure that for everything that we do there is a well defined standard process
If something goes wrong, the first line of questions that Manager must ask are:
What went wrong? What is acceptable and what is not acceptable? Did we have a process for this particular situation? Did we follow the process? Was there a problem with the process or the problem occurred
because we did not follow the process they we should?
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Daily Shop Floor Management (SFM) Basic duties of the Shop Floor personnel (Managers, Group
Leaders, Team Leaders) are to direct and manage resources and processes, so that the company’s quality, delivery and cost plans and goals are achieved.
Quality, delivery and costs are three primary production targets based on customer requirements for components and production.
There are also three secondary targets productivity, safety and morale, which also should be a part of daily managerial activity.
Shop Floor Management introduces us to some of the managerial tools available to accomplish the task of a Manager.
SFM are daily activities performed on regular and frequent basis to address and prevent any existing (current) or any potential problems related to availability and performance of equipment, materials, people, information and methods.
Daily Shop Floor Management
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Daily Shop Floor Management Shop Floor Management (SFM) is about making sure that the
systems are working properly and according to plans When there is a problem or a potential of a problem take
immediate corrective action to restore the system to proper function
SFM focuses on daily performance (last 24 hours) Solve the problem now, so it does not happen again the next hour,
shift, day, week, or month. Only by doing this will we be able to get out of Fire Fighting mode and into controlled performance
Walk, stop, look, listen and then ask questions If something is not right, correct the problem immediately. Do not
walk by it without action or add it to your “list”. Correct the problem.
Daily Shop Floor Management
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Safety – Employer’s Responsibilities As an employer, you play an important role in preventing
workplace accidents and injuries, and promoting safe and healthy workplaces.
These responsibilities and obligations fall under Part II of the Canada Labour Code and apply to workplaces under federal jurisdiction only.
Employers must ensure that employees have the necessary information, training and supervision to perform their jobs safely.
Managers, supervisors, health and safety committees and representatives must also understand their roles and responsibilities under the Code.
Additional areas of employer obligations and responsibilities under the Code include investigations, inspections, accident reporting, and the Hazard Prevention Program.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Safety – Duties of Employees
As an employee under the Canada Labour Code, you are required to: use all safety materials, equipment, devices, and clothing that are
provided by the employer and are intended to protect employees follow procedures relating to the health and safety of employees follow all instructions provided by the employer concerning the
health and safety of employees co-operate with any person carrying out a duty or function required
by the Code report to the employer any thing or circumstance that is likely to
be hazardous to employees or any other person in the workplace report to the employer all work-related accidents, occupational
diseases, or other hazardous occurrences that have caused injury to you or any other person
report to the employer any situation you believe to be a contravention of Part II of the Code by the employer, another employee, or any other person
comply with every oral or written direction given by a health and safety officer or an appeals officer
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Learn about a type of product being manufactured. Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Manufacturing Process – Identify what type of a product is being manufactured or assembled at this cell? Learn about the flow of work and flow of information.
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Manufacturing Process – Identify what type of a product is being manufactured or assembled at this cell? Learn about the flow of work and flow of information.
Visual Management – is Visual Management in place? Is it operating? Is it maintained? Is it easy to understand? Is it followed?
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Manufacturing Process – Identify what type of a product is being manufactured or assembled at this cell? Learn about the flow of work and flow of information.
Visual Management – is Visual Management in place? Is it operating? Is it maintained? Is it easy to understand? Is it followed?
Workplace Organization (5S) – is this a clean and well organize place of work?
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Manufacturing Process – Identify what type of a product is being manufactured or assembled at this cell? Learn about the flow of work and flow of information.
Visual Management – is Visual Management in place? Is it operating? Is it maintained? Is it easy to understand? Is it followed?
Workplace Organization (5S) – is this a clean and well organize place of work?
Information Flow – how is the information communicated to the operators? Is there an Information Center at the Work Cell? Is it easy to understand?
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Management of Visual Management Indicators Identify, review and monitor key control indicators in the following
areas: Safety: number of near-misses, number of accidents, number of
consecutive days without an accident, ... Quality: scrap, process defect rate, rework, repairs, process
capability, ... Delivery: schedule attainment, quantity, date and sequence,
utilization rate, delivery date, fulfillment rate, daily delivery rate, delay rate,...
Productivity: quantity produced per unit time or per man-hours, lead times, number of time each unit is handled by the operator, machine downtime, ...
Cost: material costs, labor costs, expenses, cost per unit,... People: attendance rate, participation in daily meetings, number
of submitted suggestions, job rotation, training, Standardized Work, participation in problem solving and improvement activities, …
Daily Shop Floor Management
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 1 – Understanding the Current Process Safety – do I understand all safety requirements for this Work Cell?
Is it a safe place to operate? Is everybody following safety regulations?
Work Cell – Identify Cell layout (boundaries). Identify number of machines and their function. Identify number of operators and their responsibilities.
Manufacturing Process – Identify what type of a product is being manufactured or assembled at this cell? Learn about the flow of work and flow of information.
Visual Management – is Visual Management in place? Is it operating? Is it maintained? Is it easy to understand? Is it followed?
Workplace Organization (5S) – is this a clean and well organize place of work?
Information Flow – how is the information communicated to the operators? Is there an Information Center at the Work Cell? Is it easy to understand?
Work Cell Management – do you understand how this Work Cell is operating? Is it easy to see any potential problems? Will you be able to manage this Work Cell?
Round 1Learning to SeeUnderstanding the Current Process
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Chairman of Toyota Motor Corp. and former President of Toyota Motor
Manufacturing, KY and Toyota Motor Corp.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Henry Ford – Founder of Continuous Flow of Production There are two basic concepts for assembling automobiles:
Keep the automobile stationary while moving the assembly operators around
Keep assembly operators stationary and move the automobile to them
Recognizing how bulky and heavy automobiles were, Ford initially thought to follow the first concept.
However, one day, while looking for ways to eliminate waste from assembly process, Ford noticed the following:
There is a lot of waste in scattered movements of operators There is waste in searching for, comparing and finding parts and
components There is waste in unnecessary movement of objects
Ford had an idea of mounting automobiles on carts and pulling them by rope.
The first assembly line was born.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Henry Ford – Founder of Continuous Flow of Production
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
History of Toyota Production System - TPS
1951 Eiji Toyoda tours the U.S. for 6 weeks to visit factories and observe
production. For three weeks he is at Ford Motor Company as the guest of Henry Ford II. Eiji notes that Toyoda is behind Ford in many respects and can not
compete on a mass production basis. However he does believe they can emphasize their own unique attributes and style of production and improve upon what he observed.
Taiichi Ohno studies at Ford principles of mass production and Assembly Line.
Concept of Takt Time is created. Taiichi Ohno learns about Standardized Work. Initial
Standardized Work Charts are developed. Elimination of waste concept is created.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Seven Types of Waste
Unnecessary Transportation
Unnecessary Motion Unnecessary Inventory
Unnecessary Processing
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Types of Work
Meaningful Work - work that adds value to a product or advances a product Value Added Work - operations which increase a value of a product
from the Customer’s point of view Non-Value Added Work – Incidental Work. Work that does not have any
particular value, but it has a cost. The higher the value-added operation in your completed work, the
higher the level of production efficiency will be. When walking and looking at different operations you will find that
the actual “work” which adds value to the material is surprisingly small, while waste or an activity which doesn’t increase value of a product is remarkably large.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Value-added (VA) operations are those activities, which advance a product or increase the value of the product from the Customer’s point of view
This includes processing operations such as changing the shape of product, changing its quality or assembling different components into a large part. Assembling parts, cutting, stamping, soldering, forging raw materials, tempering gears, painting bodies are examples of real work or value-added operations
When walking and looking at different operations you will find that the actual “work” which adds value to the material is surprisingly small, while waste or an activity which doesn’t increase value of a product is remarkably large.
Value Added Work
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Non-Value Added Work (NVA) – Sometimes called Essential or Incidental Work.
This work that does not have any particular value, value, but must be done to complete the job. And this work has a cost.
For example, Non-Value added work includes leaving the workplace to get parts or tools (walking time), applying labels, packing product, entering information into data base, testing, filing, unpacking product or picking up parts from a bin
If we carefully analyze each work process, the equipment and materials being used, we soon can identify waste and find ways to eliminate it.
Non-Value Added Work
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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WASTE(Muda)
Waste (Muda) - is NOT work. Waste are activities, motions, behaviors or actions that are not part of the actual work (non essential activities).
Waste refers to such things as: waiting, repairing, sorting, inspecting, verifying, checking, counting and rearranging materials unnecessarily, or handling parts that are not needed right away
Two major contributors to Waste: Unevenness - fluctuating schedules, planning and production
quantities Overload - machine or employee pushed beyond natural limits
of their capacity
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Types of Work and Activities / Motions
Value Added Work- welding bracket- cooking- assembling cover- painting frame …
Non-Value Added Work- loading parts- walking- exchanging tools- applying labels, packaging
Waste- inspecting- rearranging parts- repairing- waiting …
Waste - Muda
Value Added Work
Motion
Non-Value Added Work
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
The main purpose of designing flow for manufacturing is to eliminate all wastes and losses caused by poor flow
3 Weeks Raw material
5 Days WIP
Extra handling
10% wait time for material
Plant
Output
Input
40% Uptime
4 Hr. C/O 8% Scrap
Flow (movement) in Manufacturing
FlowManufacturing
WorkplaceOrganization
MaterialMovement
Quality
EmployeeEnvironment
andInvolvement
OperationalAvailability
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Importance of Flow The time for any individual person or and item to move from the
start to finish of the process should be as short as possible
Elimination of stops and waiting time in a process should be one of your key concerns
Why? – do we understand? Every time the work stops we consume resources and add costs but
we do not add any value
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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TPS Operating Principles Lead time - Strive continuously to find and implement ways to
shorten the time it takes to convert customer order into a finished product.
Manufacturing Efficiency – the goal is to get the material in and out as quickly as possible
Machine and manpower utilization is defined by how quickly they support this goal - NOT as in a traditional maximum utilization approach
Continuous flow of production - is the quickest way for material to get from point A to point B, with the shortest lead time and least amount of work-in process in between.
A smooth continuous flow will result in gains in productivity and quality
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Principles of Lean Flow - Understanding Flow Lean forces us to think about processes from the moment when
customer is placing an order to the moment when customer is receiving the output of the process
Improving the service to customers and reducing whole-process costs and cycle times will often mean reducing the efficiency of individual process steps
Too often we optimise individual steps, not the whole process Flow is about how
People Information and Products (Materials)
move and interact with each other from the start to the end of a production or service process Flow is about what happens to them and how the process overall
compares to what could be seen as a perfect flow.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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What is Flow in Manufacturing? Movement (flow) of People – movement of people performing work,
performing value added activities, delivering products, inspecting, packaging, receiving products, shipping products, etc …
Flow of Material (transportation) – of parts, components, raw material, tooling, dies, gauges, containers, boxes, scrap, workpieces, finished products, etc …
Flow of Information – work orders, production orders, shipping schedules, labels, receiving orders, engineering drawings, product specifications, quality specs, work standards, etc …
FlowManufacturing
WorkplaceOrganization
MaterialMovement
Quality
EmployeeEnvironment
andInvolvement
OperationalAvailability
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Flow Analysis Operator flow – operator movements
Do operators efficiently go from one VA step to the VA next? Are there noticeable stops in their work flow?
What causes these stops? Two major contributors to Waste:
Unevenness – some operators work harder than the others Overload - machine or employee pushed beyond natural limits of
their capacity Information flow
Does everybody know what to do? Or do they need to stop and ask? How quickly are problems and abnormalities noticed and resolved?
Material flow – workpiece flow Does every work piece move from one value-added steep to the next
value-added step without any stops?
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Pace of Production – Is there a pace of production? Is Takt Time visible? Is everybody and “everything” following a pace of production?Round 2
Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
What is Takt Time? Takt Time is a maximum amount of time in which a product needs
to be produced in order to satisfy Customer demand Takt Time creates a pulse or a rhythm across all manufacturing
processes in a business and synchronizes issues among processes to ensure continuous flow of production and utilization of capacities.
It defines a maximum working time per single part or an assembly for each Operator to finish their cycle
It defines a time for each Operator to complete a task In practice, all operations produce with a slightly higher pace than
what the Takt Time calculation says. If not, they would not have any opportunity to be able to fend for disturbances
Takt Time should therefore not be seen as a tool, but rather a vision. If your production pace were exactly the same as the mean customer demand, it would require perfectly stable processes and completely balanced flows. A long term goal in Lean Manufacturing
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Scheduled Production Time - is the total available production time per day (in seconds). It takes into consideration (subtract) time scheduled for meetings, maintenance, breaks and lunches.
Total Customer Requirements - Quantity of parts required from the process per day
Takt Time – is a rate (in seconds) at which you should produce one part or one
product to meet Customer requirements based on the rate of sales.
Takt Time = Scheduled Production Time (in seconds)
Total Customer Requirements
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Why focus on Takt Time? The amount of time that material wastes (spends) in an
organization is strongly tied to the amount of controllable cost incurred and the cash flow of the operation.
Improved material flow - material requires floor space, tracking systems, processing and handling, most of which add little value while increasing the cost of the product.
Once the Takt Time has been established, the amount of individual work is determined so it can be done within the specified Takt Time
Creates a pace of production – Rhythm Producing to Takt Time sounds simple, but being able to operate to
Takt Time is a result of concentrated efforts to: Provide fast response (within Takt Time) to problems Eliminate causes of unplanned downtime Reduce changeover times
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Pacing the Line - Operating to a Steady Takt Time Operators can get into a rhythm Creates predictable flow - repetitive manufacturing Production planning becomes easier Operating efficiency goes up Makes problems obvious
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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The Pace and the Pitch of Production The Pace
The origination point of a Lean Transformation is determining the Pace (Takt) at which product must be produced.
Contrary to traditional manufacturing, this pace is not determined by sums of machines possible cycle times. Instead, customer demand determines the pace of production for work center, work cell. This is a radically different concept for many companies.
The Pitch Once this pace, or Takt, has been determined; the next major step
is to design a system that flows product at some rhythm to that Takt.
This is often called pitch and becomes the ‘heart beat’ of manufacturing within the work center.
Mechanisms must be in place to link all process to that rhythm. The key change in thinking is that focus must be on maintaining the pace, not equipment or manpower maximization.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Pace of Production – Is there a pace of production? Is Takt Time visible? Is everybody and “everything” following a pace of production?
Standardized Work – is Standardized Work in place? Do operators follow Standardized Work?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Pace of Production – Is there a pace of production? Is Takt Time visible? Is everybody and “everything” following a pace of production?
Standardized Work – is Standardized Work in place? Do operators follow Standardized Work?
Parts presentation - is there well defined standard in-process stock (WIP)? Is it controlled? Is it is to see if there is a problem with material?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Lean is NOT aboutInventory Reductions
Lean is about identifying how much inventory I need
to operate effectively and efficiently
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Standard WIP - Work in Process stock Standard WIP allows the operator to do his job continuously in a
set sequence, repeating the same operation in the same order It prohibits Operator from overproducing and requires him to
produce: What is needed When it is needed In the amount it is needed
Standard Work in Process stock is the minimum quantity of parts always on-hand in process and between processes (operations) For example: parts inserted into machines, parts on conveyors, parts
between processes, parts needing time to cool or dry, etc.
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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What is the concept of Parts Presentation? At the Operator Work station - organize all parts, components,
materials, tools and materials in a manner that minimizes Waste: Reduces production cycles Increases ability to visually manage visually parts identification and
parts shortages Improves orientation of incoming material Improves organization of work area Increases worker safety / ergonomics Promotes standardized work environment Enhances ability to detect defects and quality issues with parts
Design of the Work Cell – from material flow point of view
Is this a good or a bad design?
Design of the Work Cell – Material deliveries is always the last thought
Work Cell Design - Parts presentation
Sometimes the simplest ideas are the best.
Bird Feeders
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Pace of Production – Is there a pace of production? Is Takt Time visible? Is everybody and “everything” following a pace of production?
Standardized Work – is Standardized Work in place? Do operators follow Standardized Work?
Parts presentation - is there well defined standard in-process stock (WIP)? Is it controlled? Is it is to see if there is a problem with material?
Jidoka – is there a process for troubleshooting any potential problems? Stop the Line – fix the problem. How do operators call for help? Is there a process in place?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 2 – Eyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow Waste - Are there chronic, very noticeable problems related to 7
types of Waste? Flow of Production – are there noticeable “stops” in movements of
operators, movements of products and materials, are machines operating?
Pace of Production – Is there a pace of production? Is Takt Time visible? Is everybody and “everything” following a pace of production?
Standardized Work – is Standardized Work in place? Do operators follow Standardized Work?
Parts presentation - is there well defined standard in-process stock (WIP)? Is it controlled? Is it is to see if there is a problem with material?
Jidoka – is there a process for troubleshooting any potential problems? Stop the Line – fix the problem. How do operators call for help? Is there a process in place?
Schedule Attainment – “are we ahead or behind schedule?” Is there a sense of “urgency”? Does Visual Management support a need to achieve the schedule?
Round 2Learning to SeeEyes for Waste and Eyes for Flow
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Electronic Production Status Boards: To track production basis in real time To provide instant updates To indicate targets and goals To show results per shift or per day Use red/yellow/green visual controls
Production Scheduling Boards
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Five Qualities of a Leader
1. Knowledge of work- how to perform a job
2. Knowledge of responsibility- what we need to do by when
3. Skills in instructing- how to instruct employees to do the job correctly
4. Skill in improvement- how can we do this better
5. Leadership skills- behavior and motivation
Shop Floor Management Workshop
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Two Types of Shop Floor Management Activities
Daily Shop Floor Management
Shop Floor Continuous Improvements
Development of Leadership Skills and understanding of Roles and Responsibilities of a Supervisor or a Manager through daily
practices, coaching and On-the-Job Training (OJT).
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
KPIs – Key Performance Indicators. Are KPIs defined for all levels of the Organization? Are they easy to follow and understand?Round 3
Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
Shop Floor Management Workshop
Thinking win, Win, WIN
Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
KPIs – Key Performance Indicators. Are KPIs defined for all levels of the Organization? Are they easy to follow and understand?
Troubleshooting – dealing with abnormal situations? Breakdowns, parts shortages, quality issues, attendance, people not following Standardized Work?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
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Type 1 Problem – Troubleshooting
Com
plex
ity o
f a P
robl
em
Time Required to Solve a ProblemShort Long
Sim
ple
Com
plex
Trouble-shooting
Type 1Deviation
from Normal
Type 2 New Challenge
Type 3Innovatio
n Oriented
Type 4
Immediate corrective action
required. No need for
analysis.
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Type 1 Problem – Troubleshooting
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Type 1 Problem – Troubleshooting
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Type 1 Problem – Troubleshooting
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Troubleshooting Troubleshooting is a part of daily shop floor management Developing good troubleshooting skills in lead personnel is
essential Reactive work is sometimes needed to “gain” time to do the
correct proactive work to permanently fix the problem For manufacturing to function correctly you must have adequate
time and visual management triggers (alarms) to signal abnormalities
First line supervision must respond immediately (within the cycle time) If the problem cannot be corrected by the Cell personnel it must
be escalated up the management chain by some form of protocol or process
Minimal (if any) documentation involved - no A3’s, no trouble reports
Mainly discussion, thinking, rapid action and follow up.
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Type 1 Problem – Troubleshooting Rapid response to problems and abnormal conditions by production:
Operator Cell Leader / Team Leader Supervisor / Group Leader Support Team Manager Plant Manager
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Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
KPIs – Key Performance Indicators. Are KPIs defined for all levels of the Organization? Are they easy to follow and understand?
Troubleshooting – dealing with abnormal situations? Breakdowns, parts shortages, quality issues, attendance, people not following Standardized Work?
Deviation from Norm – addressing chronic, repetitive problems. Is there a process in place to address deviation from standard/norm?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
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Type 2 Problem – Deviation form normal
Com
plex
ity o
f a P
robl
em
Time Required to Solve a ProblemShort Long
Sim
ple
Com
plex
Trouble-shooting
Type 1Deviation
from Normal
Type 2 New Challenge
Type 3Systemic Problems
Type 4
Immediate corrective action
required. No need for
analysis.
Root cause investigation
required. Permanent
countermeasures applied.
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Solving abnormality – deviation from normal condition
A3 Problem Solving Process44
CausedGAP
CreatedGAP
Sub-standard performance, abnormal situationsomething has changedsomething is wrong
1. Daily problems:deviation from normalitybreakdown
CausedGAP
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Who, What, Where, When, Why and How
C l ar i fy th e P rob lem
I n itial P rob lem Percep tion(L ar g e, v ag u e, co m p l i ca ted p r o b lem )
T h e "R eal" P rob lem
L ocate A rea /P oin t o f C au se
PoC
D irect C au seW h y ?
C au se
C au seC au se
C au se
C ou n term easu re
R oot C au se
W h y ?
W h y ?
W h y ?
W h y ?
C auseI nvestigation
G r asp theS ituation
5 W hy ?I nv esti gati on o f
R oo t C au se
B asi c C au se & E ff ectI nv estigation
Grasp theSituation
CauseInvestigation
Basic Cause & Effect
InvestigationAsk Why 5 times? Investigation of
Root Cause
Practical Problem Solving Process
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Root Cause Analysis Root cause is a major contributor (cause) to existence of a problem which must
found and eliminated to prevent problem from reoccurring Root cause analysis is about digging beneath the surface of a
problem. If the root cause is not identified, then we are merely addressing
the symptoms and the problem will continue to exist However, instead of looking for a singular “root cause,” we shift
your problem-solving paradigm to reveal a system of causes. Most organizations mistakenly use the term “root cause” to
identify one main cause. Focusing on a single cause can limit the solutions set, resulting in
the exclusion of viable solutions.
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Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
KPIs – Key Performance Indicators. Are KPIs defined for all levels of the Organization? Are they easy to follow and understand?
Troubleshooting – dealing with abnormal situations? Breakdowns, parts shortages, quality issues, attendance, people not following Standardized Work?
Deviation from Norm – addressing chronic, repetitive problems. Is there a process in place to address deviation from standard/norm?
Gemba Walk – are Gemba Walks conducted at random to better understand a process or a problem or a situation? Are problems immediately addressed?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
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Managing Continuous Improvement (Kaizen) on a Shop Floor Continuous Improvement , also know as Kaizen, is the ongoing
improvement of products, services or processes through incremental and breakthrough improvements.
Kaizen is a step-by-step approach towards solving problems and identifying opportunities for continuous improvement
Continuous Improvement, is a long-term approach to work that systematically seeks to achieve small, incremental changes in processes in order to improve efficiency and quality.
At Toyota Continuous Improvement it is not just a responsibility of a manager or a supervisors, but also a responsibility of every worker.
The Continuous Improvement process is reinforced in daily management, daily problem solving, quality circles, improvement events and A3s.
Shop Floor Continuous Improvements
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Round 3 – Leader Standard Work Daily Team Meetings – learn about Daily Team meetings. How are the
conducted? Who leads the meeting? What is discussed? How long do they last?
Management Walk About – learn about daily Management Walk About Process. Is there a schedule? Is there an agenda?
KPIs – Key Performance Indicators. Are KPIs defined for all levels of the Organization? Are they easy to follow and understand?
Troubleshooting – dealing with abnormal situations? Breakdowns, parts shortages, quality issues, attendance, people not following Standardized Work?
Deviation from Norm – addressing chronic, repetitive problems. Is there a process in place to address deviation from standard/norm?
Gemba Walk – are Gemba Walks conducted at random to better understand a process or a problem or a situation? Are problems immediately addressed?
Operational Excellence Program – learn what OpEx is all about. What is a role of a Leader in OpEx?
Round 3Learning to SeeLeader Standard Work
SAFETY QUALITY DELIVERY PRODUCTIVITY COST PEOPLE
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“If you want to teach people a new way of thinking, don’t bother trying to teach them.
Instead, give them a tool, the use of it will lead to new ways of thinking”
R. Buckminster Fuller was a 20th century inventor and visionary who did not limit himself to one field but worked as a 'comprehensive anticipatory design scientist' to solve global problems. Fuller's ideas and work continue to influence new generations of designers, architects, scientists and artists working to create a sustainable planet.
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Changing the World. One Kaizen at a timeThis presentation is an intellectual property of W3 Group Canada Inc.
No parts of this document can be copied or reproducedwithout written permission from:
Marek PiatkowskiW3 Group Canada Inc.iPhone: 416-235-2631
Cell: 248-207-0416
[email protected]://www.twi-network.com
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Knowledge and Skills
To know, to understand the meaning correctly and to be able to teach
Lean Knowledge
Kanban, Pull system, Jidoka, Supermarket, TPM, 5S, SMED, JIT, Kaizen, VSM, STW, SOS, WCT, FTQ, PPM, Poke Yoke, Takt Time, etc …
I know this!
Lean SkillsBe able to solve problems and advance the organization by using proper Lean Knowledge
Use Lean knowledge to motivate people, achieve results, reduce costs, improve the operation and address business needs
Can you Play a Violin?
?
I know LeanEngineering driven
Hobby driven
Knowledge Driven“So what ?“
Kanban
Leveledschedule
Supermarket
SMED
PullTPMHeijunka
Jidoka
VSM
Business NEEDS driven
1. Use KPIs to understand your current status2. Set goals and objectives3. Start solving problems4. Check progress and measure results
B
A
True North
Support Methodology Current Condition: Processes are stable and predictable
5 S
MUDA