Off the Job Training

Unit III

Off the Job Training Methods

Vestibule Training Lectures Audio-Visuals Special Study

Programmed Instructions

Computer Aided Instruction

Simulation Case Study Role-Playing Sensitivity Training Discussion Method Demonstration Brainstorming Field Trip

Uses equipment which closely resembles the

actual ones on the job A special area or room is set aside from work

environment Trainee is permitted to learn under simulated

conditions No pressure to produce while learning Duplicate facilities and trainer cost are

disadvantages

Vestibule training

Verbal presentation by an instructor Lecturer should have considerable knowkedge

in training area Used for very large groups Used in colleges & Univ. – application

restricted in training factory employees

Lectures

AV includes television slides, OHPs and films Provide wide range of realistic examples and

job conditions One-way system of communication

Audio - Visuals

Programmed Instruction (PI)

Training is offered without intervention of a trainer Information provided thru blocks, books or thru

teaching machine After reading each block of material, learner

should answer questions about it Feedback in the form of correct answers is

provided after each response Present questions & facts/problems – allow trainee to

respond – provide feedback on accuracy – if answer is correct, allow trainee to proceed to next block

Special Study

Computer Aided Instructions (CAI)

Extension of PI method The speed, memory and data-manipulation

capabilities of computer permit greater utilisation of basic PI concept

Learner’s response may determine the frequency and difficulty level of next frame

Special Study (CONT..)

A Simulator is any kind of equipment or technique that

duplicates as nearly as possible the actual conditions encountered on the job

Attempt to create realistic decision-making environment for trainee

Ex: Activities of an organization may be simulated and trainee may be asked to make a decision in support of those activities

Feed back on decision is given Learning pace is created Widely used simulations are – Vestibule training, case

study, role play

Simulation

Written description of an actual situation Provokes reader with the need to decide on what is

going on What the situation really is? Or what the problems

are? And what should be done? Cases are attempts to describe in accurate the real

problems faced by managers – trainees can determine problems – analyze causes – develop alternative solutions – select best one and implement it

Excellent opportunity for individuals to defend their analytical and judgmental abilities

Case Study

Focuses on emotional (human relations) issues

rather than actual ones Essence of role playing is to create a realistic

situation as in case study Have the trainees assume the parts of specific

personalities in the situation

Role Playing

ST uses small no. of trainees (less than 12) Meet with a passive trainer and gain insight into their own

& other's behavior Meetings have no agenda – held away from workplace Questions deal with “here & now” of the group process Discussions focus on “why participants behave as they do,

how they perceive one another and the feelings and emotions generated in the interaction process”

Other names Laboratory training Encounter Groups T- Groups (Training Groups)

Sensitivity Training

To provide participants with increased awareness of

their own behavior and how others perceive them To provide greater sensitivity to the behaviors of

others, and increased understanding of group processes

Specific results Increased ability to emphasize with others Improved listening skills Greater openness Increased tolerance of individual differences Increased conflict resolution skills

Objectives of ST

Once the training is over, the participants are

themselves again They resort to their old habits

Disadvantages of ST

A lecturer uses this method to support,

elaborate, explain, expand or interact Improves two way communication

Discussion

Physical display of form, outline or substance

of an object/ event In laboratories In shop floors

Demonstration

Idea generation method Creative solution to problems Trainees should deliberately come out with

different solutions to a problem Not only come out with ideas but also spark

off from associations with other people's ideas by developing and refining them

Brainstorming

A field work or FT is a journey by a group of

people to place away from a normal environment

Purpose of trip will be – Observation for education Non-experimental research Provide experience outside normal everyday

activity

Field Trip