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LEADERSHIP STYLES
Leadership stylesAutocraticBureaucraticCoerciveTransactional TransformationalPersonalImpersonalFunctionalPeople/relationship orientedTask orientedServant leadershipSituational leadership
AUTOCRATIC(Authoritarian)Manager retains power(classical approach)Manager is decision making authorityManager does not consult to the employees for
inputSubordinates expected to obey orders without
explanationsMotivation provided through structured
rewards and punishmentsIt is a one way traffic.Exercises complete control over his
subordinates.
When to use autocratic?New untrained employeesEmployees are motivatedEmployees don’t respond to any other leadership
styleHigh volume production needsLimited time for decision makingManagers power is challenged by an employeeWhen required quick decisionsUnder the condition of stress and emergency and
when variation cannot this style yield positive results.
BureaucraticManager manages “by the book¨
Everything must be done according to procedure or policy
If it isn’t covered by the book, the manager refers to the next level above him or her
Police officer more than leader
When to use BureaucraticPerforming routine tasks
Use of dangerous or delicate equipment
Safety or security training being conducted
Tasks that require handling cash
CoercivePower from a person’s authority to punish
Most obvious types of power a leader has.
Good leaders use coercive power only as a last resort: In today’s sophisticated and complex
workplace, excessive use of coercive power unleashes unpredictable and destabilizing forces which can ultimately undermine the leader using it.
When to use CoerciveTo meet very short term goals
When left with no other choice
In times of crisis
TransactionalMotivate followers by appealing to their own self-interest
Motivate by the exchange process. EX: business owners exchange status and wages for the work
effort of the employee.
Focuses on the accomplishment of tasks & good worker relationships in exchange for desirable rewards.
Encourage leader to adapt their style and behavior to meet expectations of followers
Leader has the right to punish team member if their work does not meet the pre-determined standard.
When to use TransactionalLeader wants to be in controlWhen there are approaching deadlines that
must be metRelationship is short term
TransformationalCharismatic and visionary
Inspire followers to transcend their self-interest for the organization
Inspire followers to think about problems in new or different ways
Common strategies used to influence followers include vision and framing
Transformational cont.Instils feelings of confidence, admiration and
commitment Stimulates followers intellectually, arousing
them to develop new ways to think about problems.
Uses contingent rewards to positively reinforce desirable performances
Flexible and innovative.
When to use Transformational
When leaders want members to be an active part of the organization and have ownership to it
When leaders are building a sense of purpose
When the organization has a long term plan
When people need to be motivated
Personal leadershipExercised through the influence of
personalityof personal contacts.Direction anEnforced by means d motivation
are given personally.A effective leadership style because of the
personal contacts.Easy to administer.
Impersonal leadershipExercised through subordinates of the leader
or by non personal media such as written instructions order, policies, plans, oaths,pledges,creed and so on.
Because of lack of contact between the leader and his followers, much of the influence is lost in transit.
Functional leadershipHere the leader posses specialized
knowledge and skill and renders expert advice.
In this style group follows the leader as it believes that the advice will help and guide them in difficult and complicated situations, because of the technical knowledge, and specialized skill he posses.
People/relations oriented leadershipHere the leader is totally focused on
organizing supporting and developing the people in the leader’s team.
It is a participative style.It tends to lead to good teamwork and
creative collaboration.
Task orinted leadershipFocuses only on the getting the jobs done.It is a form of autocratic style.The leader actively define the work and the
roles required, put structures in place, plan, organize and monitor.
Servant leadership
When someone at any level within an organization leads simply by virtue of meeting the needs of his or her team.
It is a form of democratic leadership .Here the whole team tends to be involved in
decision making.
Situational styleIt is based on the principle that there is no
one right way to lead or manage that suits all situations.
To choose the most effective approach we must consider: The skill levels and experience of the members
of the team. The work involved. The organizational environment.