GLASS IONOMERGLASS IONOMER

These tooth-coloured materials were introduced in 1972 for use as restorative materials for anterior teeth (particularly for eroded areas, Class III and V cavties).

bond chemically to dental hard tissues and release fluoride for a relatively long period

restoration of carious lesions in low-stress areas such as smooth-surface and small anterior proximal cavities in primary teeth

GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:

GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:

Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements

GICs are commonly classified into four principal types:

Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements

Hybrid Ionomer Cements (Also known as Light or Chemical Cured Resin-modified Glass Ionomer or Dual-cured Glass Ionomer Cements)

Tri-cure Glass Ionomer Cements

Tri-cure Glass Ionomer Cements

Metal-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cements

Composition and preparation

Composition and preparation

GIC Powder

Composition and preparation

GIC Powderpowder is an acid-soluble

calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glass (similar to that of silicate) but with a higher alumina-silicate ratio that increases its reactivity with liquid.

fluoride

fluoride Lanthanum, Strontium,

Barium or Zinc Oxide additives provide radioopacity.

the raw materials are:

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9%

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6%

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6%

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7%

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7% Sodium Fluoride 9.3%

the raw materials are: Silica 41.9% Alumina 28.6% Aluminum Fluoride 1.6% Calcium Fluoride 15.7% Sodium Fluoride 9.3% Aluminum Phosphate 3.8%

GIC Liquid

GIC LiquidOriginally, the liquids for GIC

were aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acid in a concentration of about 40 to 50%.

GIC LiquidOriginally, the liquids for GIC

were aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acid in a concentration of about 40% to 50%.

The liquid consists of acid is in the form of co-polymer with itaconic, maleic or tricarboxylic acids.

Tartaric acid is also present in the liquid. It improves handling characteristics and increases the working time, but it shortens the setting time.

Manipulation:

Manipulation:1. Surface of the prepared tooth

must be clean and dry

Manipulation:1. Surface of the prepared tooth

must be clean and dry2. The consistency of the mixed

cement must allow complete coating of the surface irregularities

3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time

3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time

4. The surface must be finished without excessive drying

3. Excess cement must be remove at the appropriate time

4. The surface must be finished without excessive drying

5. Protection of the restoration surface must be ensured to prevent cracking or dissolution.

The conditions are similar for lutting applications, except that no surface finishing is needed.

Setting Time:

Setting Time:GIC TYPE 1 - 5-7minutes

Setting Time:GIC TYPE 1 - 5-7minutes GIC TYPE 2 - within 10minutes

Advantages:

Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth

structure

Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth

structure High retention rate

Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth

structure High retention rate Little shrinkage and good

marginal seal

Advantages: Inherent adhesion to tooth

structure High retention rate Little shrinkage and good

marginal seal Fluoride release and hence

caries inhibition

Biocompatible

Biocompatible Minimal cavity preparation

required hence easy to use on children in and suitable for use even in absence of skilled dental manpower and facilities (such as in ART)

Disadvantages

Disadvantages: Brittle

Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble

Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble Abrasive

Disadvantages: Brittle Soluble Abrasive Water sensitive during setting

phase.

Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC

Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC

Not inherently radiopaque though addition of radiodense additives such as barium can alter radiodensity

Some products release less fluoride then conventional GIC

Not inherently radiopaque though addition of radiodense additives such as barium can alter radiodensity

Less aesthetic then composite

Uses:

Uses: Type I - For luting cements

Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations

Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases

Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants

Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants Type V - Orthodontic Cements

Uses: Type I - For luting cements Type II - For restorations Type III - Liners and bases Type IV - Fissure sealants Type V - Orthodontic Cements Type VI - Core build up