A

PROJECT REPORT

ON

AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

AT

JAIPUR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

(2012-2014)

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

MR. HARSH PUROHIT ANKITA PRAJAPATI (7674)

(DEAN WISDOM) DIXHA RAWAT (7679)

PAYAL SINGH (7690)

SHRUTI SAINI (7701)

DECLARATION

We ANKITA PRAJAPATI, DIXHA RAWAT, PAYAL SINGH and SHRUTI SAINI hereby

declare that this project report titled “AIRPORT MANAGAEMENT” is the original work done

by us and submitted to Banasthali University in partial fulfillment of requirements for the

award of the degree of Master of Business Administration in Aviation Management. The

information has been collected from genuine and authentic source and should be kept

STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL.

We confirm this has not been published or submitted elsewhere for the award of any degree in

part or in full.

Place: ANKITA PRAJAPATI

DIXHA RAWAT

PAYAL SINGH

SHRUTI SAINI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our heart full gratitude and sincere thanks to our training coordinator

Mr. P.C Mahavar and Co-coordinator Mr. S.K chatterjee at Jaipur airport who helped us

directly in the completion of this report and also our special thanks to Mr. N.K Bhattacharjee

and V.P Singh for this report.

We are thankful to our project guide, Mr. Praveen Kumar and V.P Singh for providing us

continuous guidance. Without their support and valuable suggestions this report work could not

be successful.

And finally we would like to express our deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Harsh Purohit (Dean

Wisdom) and Ms. Ankita Pareek (Faculty wisdom) giving valuable time for guiding us without

whom it would have not been possible for us to work on this report.

ANKITA PRAJAPATI

DIXHA RAWAT

PAYAL SINGH

SHRUTI SAINI

ABSTRACT

Airport management is to manage the three major parts of airport i.e., city side, terminal building

and air side. Terminal manager has to look after the customer service management in addition to

their day to day responsibility of terminal operation.

In airport different agencies like airlines, immigration, custom, security, banks, post office and

concessionaires are managed.

The main aim of the airport is to provide all the facilities and security to the passengers. The

terminal manager provides the customers satisfaction. If the airport fulfills all these services, the

numbers of passengers are increased day by day.

So the airport always tries better to fulfill all these works.

INDEX

Declaration……………………………………………………………..

Acknowledgement ……………………………………………………..

Abstract…………………………………………………………………

1. ORGANISATION………………………………………………….

AAI Introduction……………………………………………. Function Of AAI……………………………………………. Vision of AAI……………………………………………….. Mission of AAI……………………………………………… Goals…………………………………………………………

2. INTRODUCTION

A. Airport management……………………………………………….

B. Significance of airport management ………………………………

C. Objectives………………………………………………………….

D. Functions of airport………………………………………………...

E. Literature review……………………………………………………

F. Research Methodology……………………………………………..

3. OPERATION OF AIRPORTS

A. Airport operator…………………………………………………

B. Airline operator………………………………………………….

4. JAIPUR AIRPORT

A. Introduction……………………………………………………

B. Structure……………………………….………………………

C. Airlines and destinations……………………………………….

D. Passenger Information…………………………………………

E. Passenger Facilitation………………………………………….

F. Air Navigation Services…………………………………………

G. Air traffic control

H. Security…………………………………………………………..

I. Customer Service Management (CSM)………………………….

J. House Keeping…………………………………………………...

K.VVIP/VIP Movements…………………………………………...

5. GROUND CONTROL

6. TERMINAL CONTROL

7. SECURITY

A.CISF…………………………………………………………

B. Customs……………………………………………………

C. Immigration…………………………………………………

8. FINDINGS

* Strengths

* Weakness

* Opportunities

* Threats

9. CONCLUSION

10. REFERENCES

11. TERMS AND DEFINATIONS

1. ORGANISATION

Airport Authority of India

Airports Authority of India (AAI) manages a total of 125 Airports, which include 11

International Airports, 08 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 25 Civil Enclaves at

Defense Airfields. AAI also provides Air Traffic Management Services (ATMS) over entire

Indian Air Space and adjoining oceanic areas with ground installations at all Airports and 25

other locations to ensure safety of Aircraft operations.

The Airports at Ahmadabad, Amritsar, Calicut, Guwahati, Jaipur, Trivandrum, Kolkata &

Chennai, which today are established as International Airports, are open to operations even by

Foreign International Airlines. Besides, the International flights, National Flag Carriers operate

from Coimbatore, Tiruchirappalli, Varanasi, and Gaya Airports. Not only this but also the

Tourist Charters now touch Agra, Coimbatore, Jaipur, Lucknow, Patna Airports etc.

AAI has entered into a Joint Venture at Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Nagpur

Airports to upgrade these Airports and emulate the world standards.

In January 2006, the consortium led by GVK Group and comprising Airports Company India

and Bidvest was awarded the mandate to modernize India's busiest airport, the Chhatrapati

Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) at Mumbai. Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd.

(MIAL), a joint venture company owned by the GVK led consortium (74%) and Airports

Authority of India (26%) was formed in March 2006 to manage and develop CSIA.

Delhi International Airport (P) Ltd (DIAL) is a joint venture company; led by Bangalore

headquartered global Infrastructure major GMR Group with a significant pan-India and

International presence, Airports Authority of India, Fraport and Malaysian Airport Holdings.

DIAL is working towards the modernization and restructuring of the Delhi Airport. The project

being developed by DIAL under Public Private Partnership has been given the mandate to

finance, design, build, operate and maintain the Delhi Airport for 30 years with an option to

extend it by another 30 years.

Functions of AAI

The functions of AAI are as follows:

Design, Development, Operation and Maintenance of international and domestic airports

and civil enclaves.

Control and Management of the Indian airspace extending beyond the territorial limits of

the country, as accepted by ICAO.

Construction, Modification and Management of passenger terminals.

Development and Management of cargo terminals at international and domestic airports.

Provision of passenger facilities and information system at the passenger terminals at

airports.

Expansion and strengthening of operation area, viz. Runways, Aprons, Taxiway etc.

Provision of visual aids.

Provision of Communication and Navigation aids, viz. ILS, DVOR, DME, Radar etc.

OUR VISION

“To be a world class organization providing leadership in air traffic services and airport

management and making India a major hub in Asia pacific region by 2016.”

OUR MISSION

“To achieve highest standard of safety and quality in air traffic services and airport management

by providing state-of-the-art infrastructure for the total customer satisfaction, contributing to

economic growth and prosperity of the nation”

GOALS

The goals of AAI are as follows-

SHORT TERM-

To Implement Safety Management System by the end of 2009

Enhancing the Corporate Image.

Complete Organizational Restructuring by the end of 2009.

Ground Handling Services by 2009.

Obtaining One Major Consultancy by the end of 2009.

MEDIUM TERM-

Information Technology Enabled Services by the end of 2009.

Create Other Services (to be identified) for generating non-aeronautical revenue by 2009.

Upgrading of training institute to international level by 2009.

Up-gradation of CNS/ATM at airports by 2010.

LONG TERM-

Up-gradation of other metro airports by 2010 & expansion by 2013-14.

Develop improved infrastructure in other important airports/tourist locations by 2010.

To implement satellite based navigational system by 2010

2. INTRODUCTION

Airports are the mirror of the country. The passengers who are our esteemed Customer coming to

the Country for the first time Analyses/Forms the image of the Country from Terminal Building

and its surroundings. After arrival, inside the Terminal Building, he/she tries to explore the

surroundings more closely specially furniture, cleanliness and comfort of the surroundings. The

basic service provided should be clean, comfortable and safe surroundings as the satisfaction of

the customer is of paramount importance.

Airport Authority of India is the organization which develops, maintains and helps in better

functioning of airports. There is also other non-government operator who builds the aerodromes

but the basic difference is that the AAI provides Air Traffic Services to all the airports all over

India but the private operator does not have the authority.

Airport Authority of India envisages aerodromes, airsides, cargo, air traffic services in the

airports.

A. Airport Management:

Airport management is function of Passenger Information, Passenger Facilitation, Air Navigation

Services, Security, Customer Service Management (CSM), House Keeping, and VVIP/VIP

Movements. With the help of Airport Management airports are to take care of passengers, their

luggage and other amenities as well the security of the passengers and of itself.

B. Significance of Airport management:

Airports are huge businesses. For example, you saw that a big airport can have over a hundred

acres of floor space in the terminals, millions of cubic yards of concrete in the runways and

hundreds of people staffing the facilities.

Commercial airports are publicly owned and generally financed through municipal bonds.

Airports typically own all of their facilities and make money by leasing them to airlines, air-

freight companies and retail shops and services, as well as by charging for services like fuel and

parking and through fees and taxes on airline tickets. The revenues pay off the municipal debt

and cover the operating costs. Airports often require other sources of funding as well, such as

airport bonds and government grants. But most airports are self-sustaining businesses once they

become operational.

About 90 percent of employees at airports work for private companies, such as airlines,

contractors and concessions. Most of the remaining 10percent work directly for the airport as

administrators, terminal and grounds maintenance personnel and safety crews. Air traffic

controllers are employees of the federal government. Airports have their own departments of

finance, personnel, administration and public relations, much like any city or municipality.

C. Objectives:

The following are the objectives of the study:

To review the literature on Terminal and Airside.

To identify the existing system in the tune with future needs of operations.

To identify the facilities within an airport terminal

To identify the facilities of transfer of passengers and baggage to and from aircraft.

To propose improving in existing facilities in lines with International Civil Aviation

Organization (ICAO) standards.

D. Functions of airport:

Airside functions of an airport:

• Air traffic service,

• Ground traffic service, (follow-me)

• Airport ground service, (towing, de-icing, and refuel)

• Airline ground service, (ground handling: load/unload, catering, water, and lavatory)

Landside functions of an airport:

• Terminal service,

• Lounge service,

• Luggage service,

• Porter service,

• Special services (VIPs, disabled persons).

E. Literature review:

Airport management department has to play significant role in smooth and effective functioning of terminal operation.

Airport Management discipline can be made responsible to carry out this task in coordination with other concerned department of AAI.

The scope of airport management is very broader & essential to the passengers. This

management provides various sorts of services & help according to passengers requirement. The

services which are provided to the passengers by airport should be affordable and fulfill their

satisfactory level. The purpose of this study was to identify the existing workings and operations

of the airport.

F. Research methodology:

The study shall be made by doing research through discussions, observations, interactions with

officials of different department associated with the working at Terminal, Airside, ATC and

Operations. The primary data is collected by above methods will be analyses to identifies

problem areas in the existing system of Airport Operation. The secondary data shall be

conducted from various references books/ manuals available with the organization.

3. OPERATIONS OF AIRPORT

A. Airport Operator:-

Airport Operator may be sub-divided into 2 parts:-

a. Government Operator

b. Private Operator

Airport can be managed by government or private operator. The basic function is safety and

security of the overall airport operation & management which can be handled by Airports

Authority of India (Government) or GVK (Gunapati Venkata Krishna Reddy), GMR(Grandhi

Mallikarjun Rao) (Private).All operators ensure that the airport operations and required facilities

are in order and in accordance with DGCA and ICAO guidelines.

a. Government Operator: Airports Authority of India is an organization working under

Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible to manage ATS of all the airports in India as

well as operations and management of majority of airports. It manages 126 airports,

including 11 international, 89 domestic, 26 civil enclaves. AAI not only creates, upgrade

and maintain the civil aviation infrastructure both on ground and air space in the country

but also provides provision of visual aids to all the airports of India.

b. Private Operator: The AAI was involved in transformation of airports in coordination

with the Ministry of Civil Aviation over the issue of privatization of its two most

profitable airports, Delhi Airport and Mumbai Airport. The Government of India handed

over these two airports to private companies for the purpose of modernization in 2006.

The privatization for Mumbai has been handed to GVK Group and for Hyderabad, Delhi

to the GMR Group.

The airports which have been privatized are:

Cochin - Cochin International Airport

Bangalore - Bangalore International Airport

Delhi - Indira Gandhi International Airport

Hyderabad - Rajiv Gandhi International Airport

Mumbai – Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport

GVK, GMR is the infrastructure company. They also design and develop the airports. They only

manage the Terminal and Airside but not the Air Traffic Services (ATS) it is only under Airports

Authority of India which controls the signal and communicate to the pilot for safe landing and

takeoff.

B. Airline Operator:

Airline Operator may also be sub-divided into 2 parts:

a. Government Operator

b. Private Operator

It can be also operated by Government or Private Airlines. Air India is a state-owned flag carrier

and it is a part of the Indian Government-owned Air India Limited. There are private players in

the market which increase the competition among them.

Government Operator: Government Operator can be defined that the airline is operated by

Government. The only airline in India is Air India and Indian Airlines which have been merged

to form NACIL (National Aviation Company of India Limited) in 2010.

Private Operator: Private Operators which are emerging large in number in India. For instance,

Spice jet, Kingfisher, Go Air, Indigo, etc. These are which have their own management and had

no interference with the government. These both cover the entire market in India and many more

to step up in the market in near future.

4. JAIPUR AIRPORT

A. Introduction:

Jaipur Airport or Sanganer Airport (IATA: JAI, ICAO: VIJP) is near the town of Sanganer,

13 km (8.1 mi) from Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan.

Sanganer Airport is the only international airport in the state of Rajasthan. It was granted the

status of international airport on 29 December 2005. The civil apron can accommodate four

A320 aircraft and the New Terminal building can handle up to 500 passengers at a time. There

are plans to extend the runway to 12,000 ft. (3,658 m) and expand the terminal building to

accommodate 1,000 passengers per hour.

There are mainly two runways at Jaipur international airport namely 09 and 27 and the width of

runway is 60 m.There are 8 taxiways and 23 bays including demolished terminal i.e. terminal

1.The whole administrative working of the airport has been taken place at terminal 1. Recently,

Indigo starts its cargo handling from 30th June 2013, before only Air India was active in cargo.

B. Structure:

Terminal building

The new domestic terminal building at Jaipur Airport was inaugurated on 1 July 2009. The new

terminal has an area of 22,950 sq. is made of glass and steel structure having modern passenger

friendly facilities such as central heating system, central air conditioning, inline x-ray baggage

inspection system integrated with the departure conveyor system, inclined arrival baggage claim

carousals, escalators, public address system, Flight information display system (FIDS), CCTV

for surveillance, Airport check-in counters with Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE), car

parking, etc. The International Terminal Building has peak hour passenger handling capacity of

500 passengers and annual handling capacity of 4 lakhs.

The entrance gate is made of sandstone and Dholpur stones along with Rajasthani paintings on

the walls, give tourists a glimpse of the Rajasthani culture. Two fountains on both sides of the

terminal, dotted with palm trees, ensure that normal temperature is maintained within the airport

premises. The transparent side walls of the building have adjustable shades that control the

passage of sunlight into the airport premises, thereby cutting down heavily on electricity bills.

C. Airline and Destination:

Air Arabia Sharjah

Air-India Dubai

Express

Air India Regional

Delhi, Udaipur

Go Air Delhi, Indore, Mumbai, Bangalore(Via Mumbai)

Indian Airlines Delhi, Dubai, Mumbai

IndigoBangalore, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, Dibrugarh(Via Kolkata)

Jet Airways Delhi, Mumbai, Udaipur

Oman Air Muscat

Spice JetAhmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Goa, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai

D. Passenger Information:

As the information is the most essential and desired part of visitor facilitation be it an airport,

railway station, bus stand. In fact as and when a visitor reaches such a public place his first

priority is to know immediately the current status of schedule of his or her journey. This

information is conveyed to the passengers by way of audio or video gadgets. Timely and precise

information received by the passengers makes their journey/visit to the airport comfortable.

Signage’s

Audio Information

Video Information:

At the airports, the visitors/passengers are required to be disseminated with the requisite

information which may be communicated by way ofsignage, audio & video means. The

information facilitates the passengers to take the necessary action.

Signage’s:

The question of developing an international sign language, without the use of words as far as

possible, to assist travelers and other airport users to locate the facilities & services in Airport

Terminal Building has been considered by several bodies.

It is therefore ICAO brought out Doc.9636 which deals with the “INTERNATIONAL

SIGNAGES TO PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO PERSONS AT AIRPORTS “. Signs should be

installed in conspicuous places and should not be large enough to be recognized at reasonable

distances and where necessary should be internally & externally illuminated. Directional signs

should be rectangular and location sign should be either square or rectangular.

Audio Information:

Good quality announcement can only be achieved by ensuring that the text to be transmitted is of

the good quality and the same is not over-modulated while announcing.

Video Information:

i. Flight Information Display System (FIDS)ii. Close Circuit TV (CCTV)

It should be ensured in closed coordination with concerned Agencies/operator that the

information is correctly display on the Flight Information display system/CCTV.

E. Passenger Facilitation:

The main functions of Airport Management include construction, modification & management of

passenger terminals, development & management of cargo terminals, development &

maintenance of apron infrastructure including runways, parallel taxiways, apron etc., Provision

of Communication, Navigation and Surveillance which includes provision of DVOR / DME,

ILS, ATC radars, visual aids etc., provision of air traffic services, provision of passenger

facilities and related amenities at its terminals thereby ensuring safe and secure operations of

aircraft, passenger and cargo in the country.

Passenger Facilities:

“May I help you?”

Public Grievance

Lost & Found property

Left Luggage property

Trolleys

Drinking Water

Washrooms

Seating arrangement

X-Ray baggage facilitation

Communication Center

Restaurant

Book Stalls

Foreign Exchange counter

Retiring Room

Assistance to Physically Challenged

Tourist Information Center

Duty Free Shop

Facilities:

The basic function staff deployed in the terminal management is to facilitate the passengers and

visitors. They are to be provided with the updated information if required by them. The terminal

management staff should have good communication skill so as to please even the

arrogant/hostile passenger or visitor with his behavior.

“May I help you!”:

“May I help you”! Counter should be manned inside the terminal building at a strategic location

so that it should be easily accessible by all the passengers. The staff deployed at this counter

should have good communication skill as he has to answer to the various queries of the people.

He should be fully conversant with topography of the terminal building as well as should have

general idea about the city in which the airport is located.

Public Grievance:-

In spite of our best efforts, we are not in a position to satisfy each and every passenger/visitors.

This may give rise to grievance among the passengers/visitors. There should be properly

maintained complaint register which should be serially numbered for entering public complaints.

It should also be ensured that there should be sufficient number of complaint and Suggestions

forms and boxes placed at easily accessible location, so that the passenger/visitors may put their

complaint/suggestions in there boxes. These boxes should be opened daily in the morning and

follow up action along with the reply to the complaint should be sent without unnecessary delay.

Manager should try his level best to assist the travelling public in redressing their grievances and

to act as a Public Grievance Officer.

Lost & Found Property:

The procedure for handing over lost and found properties claimed through different channels is

laid down as under.

(a) Receipt of Lost Property:

Consequent upon the receipt of any lost property, the Duty Terminal Manager should

immediately make an entry of the same in Performa.

(b) Handing over baggage/article(s) directly to claimant:

The authorized officer of AAI should:

- Ascertain the correct identity of the claimant and the claimed inventory of items through

polite and discreet questioning.

- After being fully satisfied ask the claimant to identify the claimed items in the presence

of another official preferably from AAI have the Performa of “Undertaking by claimant

for claim of lost and found property” (appendix iii) duly filled in by the claimant in

his/her own handwriting in the “Lost and Found Property” register viz. signature, name,

address (local and permanent), nationality, pass-port number etc.

(c) Handing over baggage/articles through airline staff:

The authorized officer of AAI shall ensure to:

- Obtain a copy of claimant’s message to airline regarding description of baggage/articles.

- Meticulously verify that the correct item is being handed over to airline staff e.g. by

ascertaining color of item, make etc.

- Obtain all relevant details of airline taking over lost and found property on behalf of the

claimant in the lost & found property register viz. signature, name, designation,

airline/agency, date and time handing over etc.

(d) Handing over claimant’s baggage/articles to his/her authorized

representative:

The authorized officer of AAI shall:

- Obtain an authorization letter given by the claimant duly attested/verified in the name and

representative. The letter should state the correct identify of the claimant giving all

relevant details and the description of the claimed items.

- Have the Performa of “Undertaking by the claimant for claim of lost and found property

duly filled in by the claimant representative in his/her signature on vacant space in

Performa.

- Obtain the relevant details by claimant’s representative in his/her own handwriting in the

lost and found property register viz. signature, name and address etc. along with relevant

details of the claimant.

(e) Disposal of yellow metal received as lost property at airports:

It is observed that there are difficulties in handing the yellow metal/gold items with respect to

describing the materials, its purity, quantity etc. and the associated risk of replacing the vaguely

describe item by fake articles. In order to address this, the following handing procedure shall be

followed with respect to yellow/gold articles: Instead of handing over of the lost & found

property to lost property office, the yellow metal item shall be taken over by a committee

consisting of designated Lost Property Officer, Duty Manager and a designated Account

Manager. The committee should seal the yellow metal in an envelope duly signed by them

indicating the entry details of Lost & Found Property Register. The article should be describe in

possible details to represent a clear picture of the article.

- In case, the committee members are not available for any reason the yellow metal shall be

sealed in similar manner by the Duty Manager in the presence of one Officer of

CISF/State Police(not below rank of inspector) and one independent witness from

airlines, who will sign in place of committee members.

- The sealed envelope shall be preserved in the cash chest of Accounts Department.

- After a period of three months as and when a disposal is planned, Govt. Assessor/Govt.

approved Assessor should be engaged for assessing the materials, its purity and quantity.

- The envelope shall be opened by the committee in front of the Assessor who will assess

and described the materials appropriately.

- Thereafter the materials with its proper description shall be taken over by Lost & Found

Property Officer of disposal action.

Communication center:

Provide space for communication equipment as determined by local conditions. It has

communication center of Rainbow for internet, Fax, STD/ISD & Xerox facility.

Restaurant:

Cafes and restaurants are in the concourse hall & all these restaurants provide light meals in

addition to an open coffee, quick meal, & iced drinks.

Assistance to physically challenged:

Chair, seating arrangements, special wash rooms, Ambilift (it is chargeable for international

passengers Rs. 3000 and for domestic it is Rs. 1500).

Duty free shop:

It has flamingo duty free shops at the terminal 1(in arrival & departure lounges)from duty free shops passengers can but liquor, cigarettes, perfumes, electronics items etc. payment is accepted in foreign currency only.

F. Air Navigation Services:

In tune with global approach to modernization of Air Navigation infrastructure for seamless

navigation across state and regional boundaries, Airport Management has been going ahead with

its plans for transition to satellite based Communication, Navigation, Surveillance and Air

Traffic Management.

Induction of latest state-of-the-art equipment, both as replacement and old equipment and also as

new facilities to improve standards of safety of airports in the air is a continuous process.

Adoptions of new and improved procedure go hand in hand with induction of new equipment.

Some of the major initiatives in this direction are introduction of Reduced Vertical Separation

Minima (RVSM) in India air space to increase airspace capacity and reduce congestion in the air;

implementation of GPS and Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) jointly with ISRO which

when put to operation would be one of the four such systems in the world.

G. Air traffic control (ATC):

ATC is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in

the air. The primary purpose of ATC system worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent

collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other

support for pilots when able. In some countries, ATC may also play a security or defense role (as

in the United States), or be run entirely by the military (as in Brazil).

In many countries, ATC services are provided throughout the majority of airspace, and its

services are available to all users (private, military, and commercial). When controllers are

responsible for separating some or all aircraft, such airspace is called "controlled airspace" in

contrast to "uncontrolled airspace" where aircraft may fly without the use of the air traffic control

system. Depending on the type of flight and the class of airspace, ATC may issue instructions

that pilots are required to follow, or merely flight information (in some countries known as

advisories) to assist pilots operating in the airspace. In all cases, however, the pilot in command

has final responsibility for the safety of the flight, and may deviate from ATC instructions in an

emergency.

Although the native language for a region is normally used, the English language must be used

on request, as required by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

In 1919, the International Commission for Air Navigation (ICAN) was created to develop

General Rules for Air Traffic. Its rules and procedures were applied in most countries where

aircraft operated. The United States did not sign the ICAN Convention, but later developed its

own set of air traffic rules after passage of the Air Commerce Act of 1926. This legislation

authorized the Department of Commerce to establish air traffic rules for the navigation,

protection, and identification of aircraft, including rules as to safe altitudes of flight and rules for

the prevention of collisions between vessels and aircraft. The first rules were brief and basic. For

example, pilots were told not to begin their takeoff until there is no risk of collision with landing

aircraft and until preceding aircraft are clear of the field. As traffic increased, some airport

operators realized that such general rules were not enough to prevent collisions. They began to

provide a form of air traffic control (ATC) based on visual signals. Early controllers, like Archie

League (one of the first system’s flagmen), stood on the field, waving flags to communicate with

pilots.

As more aircraft were fitted for radio communication, radio-equipped airport traffic control

towers began to replace the flagmen. In 1930, the first radio-equipped control tower in the

United States began operating at the Cleveland Municipal Airport. By 1935, about 20 radio

control towers were operating.

Increases in the number of flights created a need for ATC that was not just confined to airport

areas but also extended out along the airways. In December, the first Airway Traffic Control

Center opened at Newark, New Jersey. Additional centers at Chicago and Cleveland followed in

1936.

The postwar years saw the beginning of a revolutionary development in ATC, the introduction of

radar, a system that uses radio waves to detect distant objects. Originally developed by the

British for military defense, this new technology allowed controllers to see the position of

aircraft tracked on visual displays. In 1946, the CAA unveiled an experimental radar-equipped

tower for control of civil flights. By 1952, the agency had begun its first routine use of radar for

approach and departure control. Four years later, it placed a large order for long-range radars for

use in en route ATC.

Airport control:

The primary method of controlling the immediate airport environment is visual observation from

the airport traffic control tower (ATCT). The ATCT is a tall, windowed structure located on the

airport grounds. Aerodrome or Tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient

movement of aircraft and vehicles operating on the taxiways and runways of the airport itself,

and aircraft in the air near the airport, generally 2 to 5 nautical miles (3.7 to 9.2 km) depending

on the airport procedures.

Radar displays are also available to controllers at some airports. Controllers may use a radar

system called Secondary Surveillance Radar for airborne traffic approaching and departing.

These displays include a map of the area, the position of various aircraft, and data tags that

include aircraft identification, speed, heading, and other information described in local

procedures.

The areas of responsibility for ATCT controllers fall into three general operational disciplines;

Local Control or Air Control, Ground Control, and Flight Data/Clearance Delivery—other

categories, such as Apron Control or Ground Movement Planner, may exist at extremely busy

airports. While each ATCT may have unique airport-specific procedures, such as multiple teams

of controllers ('crews') at major or complex airports with multiple runways, the following

provides a general concept of the delegation of responsibilities within the ATCT environment.

H. Security:

The continuing security environment has brought into focus the need for strengthening security

of vital installations. There was thus an urgent need to revamp the security at airports not only to

thwart any misadventure but also to restore confidence of traveling public in the security of air

travel as a whole, which was shaken after 9/11 tragedy. With this in view, a number of steps

were taken including deployment of CISF for airport security, CCTV surveillance system at

sensitive airports, latest and state-of-the-art X-ray baggage inspection systems, premier security

& surveillance systems. Smart Cards for access control to vital installations at airports are also

being considered to supplement the efforts of security personnel at sensitive airports.

I. Customer Service Management(CSM):

The main motto of customer service management is having a product and not marketing it is

almost as good as not having one.

Therefore airport operators should showcase the various facilities and services of their airport to

attract more passengers.

This important function rests with the public and international relations of the organization.

J. House Keeping:

Airports are the mirror image of the country. The passengers who are esteemed customer coming

to the country for the first time analyze/forms the image the country from the terminal building

and its surrounding. After arrival inside the terminal building, he or she try to explore the

surroundings more closely specially furniture, cleanliness and comfort of the surroundings. By

this time the customer is in the position to judge the standard of the establishment. The basic

service provided should be clean, comfortable and safe surroundings as the satisfaction of the

customer is of paramount importance.

K. VVIP/VIP Movements:

AAI has been entrusted with the responsibility of handing VVIPs & providing entitled VIPs with

reserved lounge facilities, besides extending due courtesy and attendance due to responsible

staff/hostess. Due to security reasons the Dignitaries entitled to take their vehicle up to the

aircraft and dignitaries exempted from Pre-Embarkation Security Check. VIP commitments

being a sensitive matter need to be handled meticulously, under a well-defined drill and with

effective co-ordination.

5. GROUND CONTROL

Ground Control (sometimes known as Ground Movement Control abbreviated to GMC or

Surface Movement Control abbreviated to SMC) is responsible for the airport "movement" areas,

as well as areas not released to the airlines or other users. This generally includes all taxiways,

inactive runways, holding areas, and some transitional aprons or intersections where aircraft

arrive, having vacated the runway or departure gate. Exact areas and control responsibilities are

clearly defined in local documents and agreements at each airport. Any aircraft, vehicle, or

person walking or working in these areas is required to have clearance from Ground Control.

This is normally done via VHF/UHF radio, but there may be special cases where other processes

are used. Most aircraft and airside vehicles have radios. Aircraft or vehicles without radios must

respond to ATC instructions via aviation light signals or else be led by vehicles with radios.

People working on the airport surface normally have a communications link through which they

can communicate with Ground Control, commonly either by handheld radio or even cell phone.

Ground Control is vital to the smooth operation of the airport, because this position impacts the

sequencing of departure aircraft, affecting the safety and efficiency of the airport's operation.

Some busier airports have Surface Movement Radar (SMR), such as, ASDE-3, AMASS or

ASDE-X, designed to display aircraft and vehicles on the ground. These are used by Ground

Control as an additional tool to control ground traffic, particularly at night or in poor visibility.

There are a wide range of capabilities on these systems as they are being modernized. Older

systems will display a map of the airport and the target. Newer systems include the capability to

display higher quality mapping, radar target, data blocks, and safety alerts, and to interface with

other systems such as digital flight strips.

6. TERMINAL CONTROL

Many airports have a radar control facility that is associated with the airport. In most countries,

this is referred to as Terminal Control; in the U.S., it is referred to as a TRACON (Terminal

Radar Approach Control.) While every airport varies, terminal controllers usually handle traffic

in a 30 to 50 nautical mile (56 to 93 km) radius from the airport. Where there are many busy

airports in close proximity, one consolidated TRACON may service all the airports. The airspace

boundaries and altitudes assigned to a TRACON, which vary widely from airport to airport, are

based on factors such as traffic flows, neighboring airports and terrain. A large and complex

example is the London Terminal Control Centre which controls traffic for five main London

airports up to 20,000 feet (6,100 m) and out to 100 nautical miles (190 km).

Terminal controllers are responsible for providing all ATC services within their airspace. Traffic

flow is broadly divided into departures, arrivals, and over flights. As aircraft move in and out of

the terminal airspace, they are handed off to the next appropriate control facility (a control tower,

an en-route control facility, or a bordering terminal or approach control). Terminal control is

responsible for ensuring that aircraft are at an appropriate altitude when they are handed off, and

that aircraft arrive at a suitable rate for landing.

Not all airports have a radar approach or terminal control available. In this case, the en-route

center or a neighboring terminal or approach control may co-ordinate directly with the tower on

the airport and vector inbound aircraft to a position from where they can land visually. At some

of these airports, the tower may provide a non-radar procedural approach service to arriving

aircraft handed over from a radar unit before they are visual to land. Some units also have a

dedicated approach unit which can provide the procedural approach service either all the time or

for any periods of radar outage for any reason.

7. SECURITY

- CISF

- Customs

- Immigration

A. CISF (Central Industrial Security Force):

The CISF came into existence in 1969 with a modest beginning, having three battalions, to

provide integrated security cover to the Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) which, in those

years, occupied the “commanding heights” of the economy. In a span of four decades, the Force

has grown several folds to reach one lakh twelve thousand personnel today. With globalization

and liberalization of the economy, CISF is no longer a PSU-centric organization. Instead, it has

become a premier multi-skilled security agency of the country, mandated to provide security to

major critical infrastructure installations of the country in diverse areas. CISF is currently

providing security cover to nuclear installations, space establishments, airports, seaports, power

plants, sensitive Government buildings and ever heritage monuments. Among the important

responsibilities recently entrust

To the CISF are the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, VIP Security, Disaster Management and

establishment of a Formed Police Unit (FPU) of the UN at Haiti.

It is a testimony to the level of professional competence and standing acquired by the Force over

the decades that its services are being sought for consultancy by the private sector also. Over the

years, the CISF has provided Consultancy Services to more than 65 different organizations,

including those in the private sector. After the Mumbai terrorist attack on November 2008, the

mandate of the force has been broadened to provide direct security cover to private sector also.

The CISF Act has been amended, heralding a new chapter in the glorious history of the Force.

Adaptability and use of cutting edge technology have been the hallmark of the Force which has

always confronted new security challenges successfully. In view of the prevailing security

environment in the country and threat from trans-national terrorism, the Force continuously

strives towards technological modernization and skills up gradation to build an edifice of

dedicated service to the Nation. The CISF is being continuously modernized, both in terms of

equipment and training.

B. Customs:

Information for International passengers:

Short title and commencement –

1. (1) these rules may be called the Baggage (Amendment) Rules, 2006.

(2)They shall come into force on the 30th day of June, 2006.

2. Definitions - In these rules, unless the context otherwise requires:

(i) "Resident" means a person holding a valid passport issued under the Passports Act, 1967 (15

of 1967) and normally residing in India;

(ii) "Tourist" means a person not normally resident in India, who enters India for a stay of not

more than six months in the course of any twelve months period for legitimate non-immigrant

purposes, such as touring, recreation, sports, health, family reasons, study, religious pilgrimage

or business;

(iii) "Family" includes all persons who are residing in the same house and form part of the same

domestic establishment;

(iv) "professional equipment" means such portable equipment, instruments, apparatus and

appliances as are required in his profession, by a carpenter, a plumber, a welder, a mason, and

the like and shall not include items of common use such as cameras, cassette recorders,

Dictaphones, personal computers, typewriters, and other similar articles.

3. Passengers returning from countries other than Nepal, Bhutan,

Myanmar or China - An Indian resident or a foreigner residing in India, returning from

any country other than Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar or China, shall be allowed clearance free of

duty articles in his bona fide baggage.

4. Passengers returning from Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar or China - An

Indian resident or a foreigner residing in India, returning from Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar or

China, other than by land route, shall be allowed clearance free of duty articles in his bona fide

baggage

5. Professionals returning to India - An Indian passenger who was engaged in his

profession abroad shall on his return to India be allowed clearance free of duty.

6. Jewellery - A passenger returning to India shall be allowed clearance free of duty

jewellery in his bona fide baggage.

7. Tourists - A tourist arriving in India shall be allowed clearance free of duty articles in his

bona fide baggage.

8. Transfer of residence - A person who is transferring his residence to India shall be

allowed clearance free of duty.

9. Provisions regarding unaccompanied baggage.–

(1) Provisions of these Rules are also extended to unaccompanied baggage except where they

have been specifically excluded.

(2) The unaccompanied baggage had been in the possession abroad of the passenger and is

dispatched within one month of his arrival in India or within such further period as the Assistant

Commissioner of Customs or Deputy Commissioner of Customs may allow.

(3) The unaccompanied baggage may land in India upto 2 months before the arrival of the

passenger or within such period, not exceeding one year, as the Assistant Commissioner of

Customs or Deputy Commissioner of Customs may allow, for reasons to be recorded, if he is

satisfied that the passenger was prevented from arriving in India within the period of two months

due to circumstances beyond his control such as sudden illness of the passenger or a member of

his family, or natural calamities or disturbed conditions or disruption of the transport or travel

arrangements in the country or countries concerned or any other reasons, which necessitated a

change in the travel schedule of the passenger.

10. Application of these Rules to members of the crew.–

(1) The provisions of these Rules shall apply in respect of members of the crew engaged in a

foreign going vessel for importation of their baggage at the time of final pay off on termination

of their engagement.

Provided that except as specified in this sub-rule, a crew member of a vessel shall be allowed to

bring items like chocolates, cheese ,cosmetics and other petty gift items for their personal or

family use which shall not exceed the value of rupees six hundred.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in these rules a crew member of an aircraft shall be

allowed to bring items gifts like chocolates, cheese, cosmetics and other petty gift items at the

time of the returning of the aircraft from foreign journey for their personal or family use which

shall not exceed the value of rupees six hundred.

(1) Articles allowed free of duty

(2)

(a) All passengers of and above

10 years of age and returning

after stay abroad of more than

three days.

(i) Used personal effects, excluding jewellery,

required for satisfying daily necessities of life.

(ii) Articles other than those mentioned up to a value

of Rs. 25,000 if these are carried on the person or in

the accompanied baggage of the passenger.

(b) All passengers of and above (i) Used personal effects, excluding jewellery,

10 years of age and returning

after stay abroad of three days or

less.

required for satisfying daily necessities of life.

(ii) Articles other than those mentioned in Annex. I

up to a value of Rs. 12,000 if these are carried on the

person or in the accompanied baggage of the

passenger.

(c) All passengers up to 10 years

of age and returning after stay

abroad of more than three days.

(i) Used personal effects, excluding jewellery,

required for satisfying daily necessities of life.

(ii) Articles other than those mentioned in Annex. I

up to a value of Rs. 6,000 if these are carried on the

person or in the accompanied baggage of the

passenger.

(d) All passengers up to 10 years

of age and returning after stay

abroad of three days or less.

(i) Used personal effects, excluding jewellery,

required for satisfying daily necessities of life.

(ii) Articles other than those mentioned in Annex. I

up to a value of Rs. 3,000 if these are carried on the

person or in the accompanied baggage of the

passenger.

Prohibited Items:

- Indian currency exceeding, equivalent of US $ 5000/- per person.

- Wild life products specified live birds & animals/antique items.

- Narcotic drug & psychotropic substances.

- Finished precious gems, jewellery studded with precious gems and any goods in

commercial quantity.

- Commercials samples taken out as personal accompanied baggage by bonafide

commercial travelers including exports are allowed without bank encashment IGR forms

if these samples are bonafide nature and value of the same dose not exceeding RS.

25000/-

- Poppy seeds (khas-khas) and Indian pan and derivative to middle-east countries.

Note:

Passenger are requested to declare their valuable items like movie camera, digital camera,

laptop, jewellery etc. at departure counter & obtain export certificate for the same. In case

they are having earlier issued export certificate same id required to be endorsed further.

C. Immigration:

Bureau of Immigration

The Bureau of Immigration (BOI) is responsible for immigration services at major International

Airports in India and the foreigners' registration process in five major cities.

The field officers in charge of immigration and registration activities at Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata

and Amritsar are called Foreigners Regional Registration Officers (FRROs). The designation for

the equivalent in Chennai (Madras) is Chief Immigration Officer (CHIO). Apart from the

FRROs/CHIO who handles the immigration/registration functions in the above mentioned five

cities, the concerned SPs (Superintendents of Police) function as Foreigners Registration Officers

(FROs) in the other districts in different States in the country.

8. FINDINGS

SWOT ANALYSIS OF JAIPUR AIRPORT

STRENGTHS

Trained, experienced and skilled employees.

The employees have high moral and follow the ethical standards laid down by the

organization.

Provides modernized air traffic services.

Sound infrastructure base for future development.

It has healthy financial position and makes consistent profits.

It is able to generate sufficient financial resources to fund development projects.

It has sufficient fixed assets for further expansion.

WEAKNESSES

AAI does not follow a consistent policy, which leads to uncertainty

The organization has not yet exploited its potential.

Public transport is not easily available to reach.

OPPORTUNITIES

Generate revenue by providing more value added services to its customers.

Increase revenue by providing consultancy activities including overseas

consultancy.

It can take up the ground handling activities at the airports.

It can provide more commercial activities in the airport premises.

It can develop infrastructure to handle NLAs.

It can undertake calibration of navigational and landing aids in the neighboring

countries.

THREATS

The organization’s most profitable airports are going into other hands by way of

joint venture.

There are many green field airports emerging.

There is an unprecedented growth in air traffic.

The demand can arise for lowering the airport charges.

The development of fast track road and modern rail infrastructure can be a source

of threat.

Another area of concern is about the faster development of airport infrastructure

in the neighboring countries.

The organization may also insure loss of aeronautical revenue by exemptions

provided to smaller aircrafts.

9. CONCLUSION

In this fast moving world the airports are playing an important part in the field of transportation. Airports are required to take care of passengers, their luggage and other amenities as well the security of the passengers as well of itself.

Airport management department has to play significant role in smooth and effective functioning of terminal operation.

Airport Management discipline can be made responsible to carry out this task in coordination with other concerned department of AAI.

The main objectives of airport management are:

-Preserve physical condition of building and facilities.

-Prolong economic life of airport building/ terminal.

The main responsibility of airport management is:

-To achieve highest standard of maintenance, cleanliness, housekeeping, aesthetics and comforts.

-To initiate improvements and upgrading works.

-To provide pleasant ambience and comfortable stay for passengers.

-To provide inputs for new development.

10. REFERENCES

www.aai.aero.com

www.google.com

"New domestic terminal set for take-off on 1 July" . The Times of India.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Jaipur/New-domestic-terminal-set-

for-take-off-on-July-1/articleshow/4682413.cms.

"Passengers welcomed on Terminal-2" . The Times of India.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Jaipur/Passengers-welcomed-on-

Terminal-2/articleshow/4726502.cms.

"Accident description" . Aviation Safety Network. http://aviation-

safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710809-0. Retrieved 5

September 2009.

Jaipur Airport at Airports Authority of India (official site)

Airport information for VIJP at World Aero Data. Data current as of

October 2006.

Accident history for JAI at Aviation Safety Network

11. Term and Definitions

1. Arrival Concourse- Space between baggages reclaims area or government inspection and

landside exists from the terminal building.

2. Baggage- Personal property of passengers or crew carried on an aircraft by agreement with the

operator.

3. Baggage sorting area- Space in which departure baggage is sorted into flight loads.

4. Baggage storage area- Space in which checked / holds baggage is stored pending transport to

aircraft and space, in which mishandled baggage may be held until forwarded, claimed or

otherwise disposed of.

5. Bomb alert- A status of alert, put in place by competent authorities to activate an intervention

plan intended to counter the possible consequences arising from a communicated threat,

anonymous or otherwise, or arising from the discovery of a suspect device or other suspect item

on an aircraft, at an airport or in any civil aviation facilities.

6. Cargo- Any property carried on an aircraft other than mail, stores and unaccompanied or

mishandled baggage.

7. Cargo area- All the ground space and facilities provided for cargo handlings. It includes

aprons, cargo buildings and warehouses, vehicle parks and roads associated therewith.

8. Check-in- The process of reporting to an aircraft operator for acceptance on a particular flight.

9. Check-in concourse- The space between the terminal building landside entrance and the

check-in positions.

10. Check-in position- The location of facilities at which check-in is carried out.

11. Departure concourse- The space between the check-in positions and the air-side waiting

area.

12. International Airport-Any airport designated by the Contracting State in whose territory it

is situated as an airport of entry and departure for international air traffic, where the formalities

incident to customs, immigration, public health, animal and plant quarantine and similar

procedures are carried out.

13. Landside- That area of an airport and buildings to which the non-travelling public has free

access.

14. Security restricted area- Those areas of an airport, building or facility into which access is

restricted or controlled for security and safety purposes.

15. Transit Passengers- Passengers departing from an airport on the same flight as that on

which they arrived.

16. Unaccompanied baggage- Baggage which is transported as cargo and may or may not be

carried on the same aircraft with the person to whom it belongs.

17. Unclaimed baggage- Baggage which arrives at an airport and is not picked up or claimed by

a passenger.

18. Unidentified Baggage- Baggage at an airport with or without a baggage tag which is not

picked up by or identified with passenger.

Abbreviations

1. AAI- Airport Authority of India

2. CUTE- Common User Terminal Equipment

3. FIDS- Flight Information Display System

4. APIS- Aircraft Parking Information System

5. DGS- Docking Guidance System

6. PAX- Passenger

7. ATC- Air Traffic Control

8. ADC- Aerodrome Controller

9. ATS- Air Traffic Services

10. BCAS- Bureau of Civil Aviation Security

11. CAA- Civil Aviation Authority

12. DGCA- Director General of Civil Aviation

13. IATA- International Air Transport Association

14. ICAO- International Civil Aviation Organization