Gov1 kim haing

Gender Training for Government Officials

The XXVIII International Federation of Business and Professional Women Congress

- With Gender Policy in ROK -

24 May 2014Jeju Island, Republic of Korea

2014: KIGEPE, President

2013: Cheong Wa Dae, Presidential Spokesperson

2009 ~ 2012: Wikitree, Vice President

2003 ~ 2004: Chongju University, Adjunct Professor

2001 ~ 2002: The Information, CEO

1994 ~ 2001: Korea Joong-ang Daily, Journalist

1986 ~ 1994: The Korean Social Development, Department Head

KIM HAING

Ⅰ. Gender Training of KIGEPE1. Roles of KIGEPE2. Training Courses of KIGEPE3. Current Status of Participants

Ⅱ. Gender Training4. What is Gender Training?5. Why Gender Training?

Ⅲ. Gender Policy of ROK6. Development of Gender Policy 7. Gender Policy of Park’s Administration

Ⅵ. Issues and Challenges

CONTENTS

Ⅰ. Gender Training in Korean Institute for Gender Equality Promotion and Education

• Gender Equality Index - education (inc vocational training), safety, family, decision making, health, welfare, working place, culture & information

Source: Gender Equality Index (Total 63.9%), MOGEF, 2012

F. 63.9%

• Gender Equality Index - education (inc vocational training), safety, family, decision making, health, welfare, working place, culture & information

Source: Gender Equality Index (Total 63.9%), MOGEF, 2012

• Education & Research Institute under the Ministry of Gender Equality Promotion and Education (a public institute)

• Founded in June 2003 on the ground of the Framework Act Women’s Development (Article 21, Section 3)

• Implementation of gender training for government officers and gender training of trainers for the general public

• Numbers of training participants : more than 500,000

Roles of KIGEPE

Gender Policy• Gender Awareness Enhancement

Course• Gender Equality

Training Courses

Target population of the courses : government officials

■

Target population of the courses : the general public with experiences concerned areas

■

Training of Trainers

• Gender Policy Course - Gender Impact Assessment - Gender Responsive Budgeting - Gender Statistics

• Prevention of Sexual Harassment • Prevention of prostitution • Prevention of Sexual Violence • Prevention of Domestic Violence • Gender Impact Assessment • Gender Sensitive Human Rights (for Teachers)

And other projects

Gender Equality Promotion Projects

• Women capacity building - Expand pool of talented women - Cultivating programs • Violence prevention center - Sexual violence - Domestic violence • International cooperation training• Spreading awareness of gender equality : - Public design contest - Gender equality awards • Networking : Forum BORN• E-learning center • Women’s history exhibition hall

Category2011 2012 2013

M F M F M F

Gender Policy

Gender aware-ness enhance-ment courses

Above 5 level 324 86 361 85 218 62Below 6 level 1,161 1,001 1,260 1,076 709 968

Miscellaneous Gos* & General public 512 656 463 1,150 595 1,155

Gender policy courses

Above 5 level 193 35 203 68 248 96Below 6 level 1,065 1,083 932 1,193 884 1,193

Miscellaneous Gos & General public 123 228 134 372 164 425

Trainers of Train-

ers

TOT Courses** 290 1,908 162 1,321 190 1,918Course for sexual harassment

focal point staff 433 629 377 648 569 662

Total4,101 5,626 3,892 5,913 3,577 6,479

9,727 9,805 10,056

* Policepersons, Firefighters, Superintendents, Army personnel, Diplomats, etc. ** Gender Equality, Prevention of Sexual Harassment, Prevention of prostitution, Prevention of Sexual Violence, Prevention of Domestic violence, Gender Impact Assessment, Gender Sensitive Human Rights (for Teachers)

Current Status of Participants

Ⅱ. Gender Training

Source: The Oxfam Gender Training Manual, 1994

Gender training works if there is a strong elements of awareness-raising as well as skill-building

Therefore

What is Gender Training?

• A development intervention which aims to change awareness, knowledge, skills and behavior in relation to gender

• Contents - Awareness (e.g. understanding gender and awareness of stereotype) - Knowledge (e.g. about various forms of discrimination against women) - Skills (e.g. in analyzing projects from a gender perspective) - Behaviors (e.g. changes in the way of working with mixed groups)

• The current problems of a Korean society - Low fertility rate 1.18% (2013) & Aging society 12.7% (2014) » It will be projected that Korea will reach a aged society (14%) in 2018

• Solutions to the problems - Low Increasing fertility rate, entering into $ 30,000 by getting women into labor market, and restoring family values through ‘work and family balance’

- GNI $26,205 (2013) » It has been for 7 years that the level of GNI is in $20,000

- Family disorganization : high rate of adolescent suicide, high rate of divorce, increasing single parent household, & increasing elderly people in poverty, etc.

Why Gender Training?

• How the problems be related to “gender”? - Reduction (declining) of economically active population in the 15-64 age bracket

1,559.2

1,802.3 1,853.9

2,084.5 2,206.92,368.9 2,466.1 2,500.4 2,540.3 2,481.9

1985 1989 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013

56.6 59.6 60.0 61.9 61.0 61.8

60.7 60.9 61.1 59.3

14.2 18.2 20.0 25.234.3

47.3

68.477.972.8

83.3

Source : YONHAPNEWS ,Mar 11, 2013

Economic Participation Rate · Ageing Index · Economically Active Population

Economic Participation Rate(%)

Ageing Index(%)

Economically Active Population(10,000pax)


• How the problems be related to “gender”? - Women are the core body for the achievement of 70% employment rate which is the one of the incumbent government’s pledges

74.4 74.3 75.0 74.7 75.0 74.6 74.1 74.0 73.5 73.1 73.0 73.1

48.8 49.3 49.8 49.0 49.9 50.1 50.3 50.2 50.0 49.2 49.4 49.7

73.3

49.9

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

80.0

70.0

60.0

50.0

40.0

(%)

Female Male

Source: Korean Statistics Agency, 2013


65.467.6

72.4

77.879.7 80.8 81.1 82.2 83.5

82.480.5

75.0 74.3

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

90.0

80.0

70.0

60.0

(%)

70.473.1

75.8

81.5 82.8 83.3 82.9 83.3 84.0

81.6

77.6

70.2 68.6

Female Male

48.1% vs. 2.4%Female promotion rate to tertiary level 48.1% up

Economic Participation rate 2.4% up(1990~2010)

48.1%

2.4%

100.0

50.0

(%)

Tertiary levelEducation

EconomicParticipation Rate




Source: Statistics KoreaGraphic source: The Korean Herald, Feb 2, 2014

• How the problems be related to “gender”? - Work and life (family) balance difficult to accomplish for Korean working moms

Female economic participation rates in different age groups in 2012Participation rate on average : 49.9 (U-nit:%)

9.1%

53.5

71.6

56.4 55.564.3 67.7

62.554.8

28.4

(WomenAged

between)15-19

20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 Over 60


Graphic source: The Korean Herald, Feb 2, 2014

Women aged be-tween 30-391.11 million

(56.4%)

50-54131,000

(6.6%)

40-49511,000(25.8%)

15-29221,000(11.2%)

Total : 1.97 million

Number Korean womenWho quit their careers

Reasons for quitting jobs

Childeducation

79,000(4%)

Pregnancychildbirth

478,000(24.2%)

Marriage928,000(46.8%)

Infant care493,000(24.9%)


Source: Statistics Korea

• Government officials,

• Policymakers confront various impediments, such as rigid labor structure and deep-rooted traditions, to the effective utilization of women

• Therefore,

as policymakers , are those who should take care of the aforementioned problems

gender training is needed for policy makers both to enhance their gender awareness and to acquire skills required to make a ‘gender policy’


Ⅲ. Gender Policy in ROK

Three Major Paradigms in Gender Policies of the ROK

1950s to the mid-1980s

Welfare policies designed for

alienated women

The mid-1980s to the mid-1990s

Empowermentof women

The mid-1990s to present

Gender-mainstreaming

• 1950s : Implementation of women welfare policies such as re-lief programs for orphans and widows of the Korea War (1950-1953)

• 1960s : Operation of a women’s occupation & protection cen-ter for prostitutes and war widows (single mothers) eradi⇒ -cating illiteracy

• 1970s : Operation of Samaeul women’s association for income generating programs in rural areas

Women’s Policy and ScioeconomicDevelopment (1950~mid 1980)

• Expansion of the scope of gender policies: Gender policies targeted women in general

• Efforts for improvement of women’s rights and achievement

of gender equality - 6th and 7th Five-year Economic and Social Development Plan (1987-1991, 1992-1996) - Equal Employment Act (1987)

Integration of Women in National Plans (mid 1980s~mid 1990s)

Adoption and Expansion of Gender Main-streaming Strategy (mid 1990~present)

• The Framework Act for Women’s Development (1995)

• The 1st Basic Gender Policy Plan (1998-2002)

• Establishment of the Ministry of Gender Equality (2001)

• The 2nd Basic Gender Policy Plan (2003-2007)

• Implementation of GIA (2005) & GRB (2010)

• The 3rd Basic Gender Policy Plan (2008-2012)

• The 4th Basic Gender Policy Plan (2013-2017)

• The Framework Act Gender Equality (in effective in 2015)

Systemization of National Organizations for the Improvement of Women’s Status

Overall supervision of national gender policies(Ministry of Gender Equality and Family)

Research on gender policies(Korean Women’s development Institute)

Gender training for public officials(Korea Institute for Gender Equality Promo-

tion and Education)

Gender Impact Assessment Gender Responsive Budgeting

Legal basisFramework Act Women’s Development (2002, amended) Gender Impact (Analysis) Assessment Act (2012, enacted)

National Finance Act (2006, enacted)Local Finance Act (2012, enacted)

Year of implementation 2005 2009 (central government) 2012 (local government)

Supervising govern-ment ministry Ministry of Gender Equality & Family

Ministry of Strategy and FinanceMinistry of Security and Administration(In connection with the Ministry of Gender Equality & Family)

Target policy Budget and non budget-based projects Budget-based projects

Selection of tasks Voluntary selection; upstream Designated tasks; downstream

Applied organizationsCentral administrative agencies, local governments, city and provincial educa-tion offices

Central administrative agencies, local govern-ments, city and provincial education offices

Whether submitted to the national assembly Submitted Submitted

Source: Gender and Development, KOICA, 2010

Comparison between Gender Impact Assess-ment and Gender Budgeting in the ROK

Gender Policy of Park Geun-hye’s Administration

Human rights-based approach

Happiness

• Four evils in society to be eradicated - Sexual violence - Domestic violence - School violence - Bad food• Of the 140 urgent government tasks, tasks related to “gender” - Expansion of female economic activity and promotion of gender equality (65) · Women’s Human Resource Development Course (commissioned by MOGEF) · Prevention of Sexual Harassment Course - Safe society without sexual violence (74) · Prevention of Sexual Violence TOT Course - Prevention of domestic violence and protection of victims (75) · Prevention of Domestic Violence and Protection of Victims TOT Course

Ⅳ. Issues and Challenges

Issues and Challenges

Unification

Female Political participation

Female Economic participation

Backlash

Paradigm shift Protection of women Gender equality

Issues and

Challenges

Happiness ofWomen

Happiness ofFamily

Happiness ofNation

THANK YOU