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Community Economic Community Economic DevelopmentDevelopment
What is CED?What is CED?
Development of the community, by the community Development of the community, by the community
A process whereby community members come together to take collective A process whereby community members come together to take collective action and provide solutions to common problemsaction and provide solutions to common problems
The scope of CED can vary from small initiatives to large activities that The scope of CED can vary from small initiatives to large activities that involve the whole communityinvolve the whole community
Goals – to improve the quality of lifeGoals – to improve the quality of life
Community Capacity BuildingCommunity Capacity Building
Community capacity: people, skills, Community capacity: people, skills, infrastructure, policies and systemsinfrastructure, policies and systems
Capacity building – both means and endCapacity building – both means and end
Think global and act localThink global and act local
CED vs economic developmentCED vs economic development
CED does not seek only economic CED does not seek only economic growth; it focuses on development, growth; it focuses on development, people, ecosystemspeople, ecosystems
CED vs top – bottom strategiesCED vs top – bottom strategies
Decisions are taken by each community Decisions are taken by each community according to its goals and needsaccording to its goals and needs
CED approachesCED approaches
Holistic approach – tackling all factors of developmentHolistic approach – tackling all factors of developmentSelf reliance and community control – building on local strength; Self reliance and community control – building on local strength; decreasing dependency on economic interests outside the regiondecreasing dependency on economic interests outside the regionSustainability – stress on local activitySustainability – stress on local activityParticipation and inclusion – all the community members are Participation and inclusion – all the community members are encouraged to participateencouraged to participateInterdependence – recognizes the web of relationships and its Interdependence – recognizes the web of relationships and its decisions aim to benefit the local and the larger communitydecisions aim to benefit the local and the larger communityLiving within the ecological limits Living within the ecological limits DiversityDiversityLong term visionLong term visionCollaborativeCollaborativeCommunity building and human dignityCommunity building and human dignity
CED StrategiesCED Strategies
The Bucket Model
Local economies are like a leaky
bucket: money flows in like the way we
pour water into a bucket and some of
this water leaks out, just like local
revenue is lost when spent on non-local
business and labour.
1. Plug the leaks1. Plug the leaks
2.Increase the flow2.Increase the flow
3. Secure the plugs 3. Secure the plugs
4. Build the bucket4. Build the bucket
CED Strategies Fall Into FOUR Categories
Plug the LeaksPlug the Leaks
PROBLEMPROBLEM: Foreign imports and business taking : Foreign imports and business taking away from rural local economyaway from rural local economy
GOALGOAL: To increase the local economy: To increase the local economy
PLANPLAN: Support local business owners. : Support local business owners. BUY LOCAL!!!BUY LOCAL!!!
VS
St. John’s Farmer’s St. John’s Farmer’s Market – started as a Market – started as a summertime venture summertime venture and became a and became a permanent, year-long permanent, year-long market to boost market to boost revenue made by local revenue made by local farmers, craftsmen and farmers, craftsmen and market contributors.market contributors.
Increase the Increase the InflowInflow
PROBLEMPROBLEM: :
Local economy can make Local economy can make
more revenue, but more revenue, but
isn'tisn't
GOALGOAL: :
To increase local economy’s To increase local economy’s
revenue through the export revenue through the export
of local goods and servicesof local goods and services
PLANPLAN: :
Add to the value of Add to the value of
products. How? products. How?
MANUFACTURING goods at MANUFACTURING goods at
home, for exporthome, for export
www.nlbusiness.ca
Secure the PlugsSecure the Plugs
PROBLEMPROBLEM: : Local economy isn't safeguardedLocal economy isn't safeguarded
GOALGOAL: : To help local businesses continue to turn To help local businesses continue to turn profit and operateprofit and operate
PLANPLAN: : Business development, training, coaching, Business development, training, coaching, supporting the expansion of local industry supporting the expansion of local industry sector over Big Business sector over Big Business
www.downtownstjohns.comwww.downtownstjohns.comSt. John’s Downtown Development Commission is a St. John’s Downtown Development Commission is a coalition of independent ma and pa business coalition of independent ma and pa business owners who set-up shop in downtown St. John’s,owners who set-up shop in downtown St. John’s,NL; formed in1966, when shopping malls began toNL; formed in1966, when shopping malls began torip into local economyrip into local economy
Strengthen the BucketStrengthen the Bucket
PROBLEMPROBLEM: The assets of a community aren’t being : The assets of a community aren’t being maximized to their potentialmaximized to their potential
GOALGOAL: To build on the strengths existing within a : To build on the strengths existing within a communitycommunity
PLANPLAN: Get the most out of the over-looked, under-utilized : Get the most out of the over-looked, under-utilized resources and assets in a community by resources and assets in a community by
developing developing them; it'll enhance the strength of the communitythem; it'll enhance the strength of the community
NL tourism NL tourism sector optimizes sector optimizes and profits from and profits from the province’s the province’s unique culture, unique culture, people and people and
natural beauty natural beauty
New industries New industries are beginning to are beginning to pop up within the pop up within the province province
Quiz Time!Quiz Time!
A Medicine Wheel Model for A Medicine Wheel Model for Community Economic Community Economic
DevelopmentDevelopment
Four races Four races
Four directionsFour directions
Four elementsFour elements
Four community symbols: community, Four community symbols: community, unity, equity, opportunityunity, equity, opportunity
CommunityCommunity
Positive aspects: people take the initiative Positive aspects: people take the initiative to become active within their own CED to become active within their own CED sectorsector
Negative aspect: Some people might not Negative aspect: Some people might not be as interested as others be as interested as others
UnityUnity
Positive aspect: People will come together Positive aspect: People will come together to work towards community changeto work towards community change
Negative aspect: Some people might not Negative aspect: Some people might not want to change anything, they might be want to change anything, they might be comfortable with the status quocomfortable with the status quo
EquityEquity
Positive aspect: there would be no Positive aspect: there would be no discrimination against minorities; all the discrimination against minorities; all the people will be treated as equals while people will be treated as equals while working togetherworking together
Negative aspect: ?Negative aspect: ?
OpportunityOpportunity
Positive aspect: People involved will have Positive aspect: People involved will have the opportunity to become role models and the opportunity to become role models and set examples for younger peopleset examples for younger people
Negative aspect: There might not be Negative aspect: There might not be always equal opportunities for everyonealways equal opportunities for everyone
Asset MappingAsset Mapping
Taking an Asset-Based or Solution-Focused ApproachTaking an Asset-Based or Solution-Focused Approach (Kretzmann & McKnight, 1993):(Kretzmann & McKnight, 1993):
1.1. Draw a circle in the centre of your paper and write the name of a Draw a circle in the centre of your paper and write the name of a group of community members in the circlegroup of community members in the circle
2.2. Think of all the systems, institutions, organizations, etc. that your Think of all the systems, institutions, organizations, etc. that your group could be connected to or partnered withgroup could be connected to or partnered with
3.3. Draw an arrow from each potential connection pointing at the group Draw an arrow from each potential connection pointing at the group in the centre and write one way that your group would benefit from in the centre and write one way that your group would benefit from that partnershipthat partnership
4.4. Draw an arrow from your group pointing to the potential partner and Draw an arrow from your group pointing to the potential partner and write one way that your group could contribute to that partnership.write one way that your group could contribute to that partnership.
Asset Mapping ExampleAsset Mapping Example
Local Artists
Local Businesses
Art studios lead to galleries, gift
shops, community development
Create cultural district to attract
economic development and
tourism
THE DEVELOPMENT WHEELTHE DEVELOPMENT WHEEL
Organizational PrerequisitesOrganizational Prerequisites
Do we have the systems in place and Do we have the systems in place and stability to be able to take on a new project? stability to be able to take on a new project?
Are we willing to have the flexibility that is Are we willing to have the flexibility that is required to learn as we go and adapt to required to learn as we go and adapt to differences between the plan and the differences between the plan and the reality?reality?
Pre-PlanningPre-Planning
How will we engage a broad range of How will we engage a broad range of community members? community members?
– Community meetings and discussion groupsCommunity meetings and discussion groups– General statements about community goals General statements about community goals
and dreamsand dreams– Consider possible CED strategiesConsider possible CED strategies– Begin to think about a planBegin to think about a plan
Organizational DevelopmentOrganizational Development
How will we develop a strong How will we develop a strong understanding of the CED process in our understanding of the CED process in our organization?organization?
– Capacity-building training in CED principles Capacity-building training in CED principles and process skillsand process skills
– Work planWork plan– Monitoring and evaluation systemsMonitoring and evaluation systems– Legal structuresLegal structures
Venture DevelopmentVenture Development
What would we like our areas of focus to be?What would we like our areas of focus to be?
– Housing stabilityHousing stability– Food securityFood security– Increasing the diversity of local industriesIncreasing the diversity of local industries
What businesses, community groups, organizations will What businesses, community groups, organizations will we focus on?we focus on?
– Co-opsCo-ops– Neighbourhood associationsNeighbourhood associations– Local labour union membersLocal labour union members
How will we get the funding for these ventures?How will we get the funding for these ventures?
Community Participation & Community Participation & Strategic NetworkingStrategic Networking
How can we build a network of How can we build a network of relationships that will provide access to relationships that will provide access to necessary resources, build community necessary resources, build community capacity and support community economic capacity and support community economic development?development?
*Always keep capacity-building in mind**Always keep capacity-building in mind*
Appropriate Technical Appropriate Technical AssistanceAssistance
How can we use external assistance to How can we use external assistance to build capacity in areas where there is a build capacity in areas where there is a lack of experience and/or knowledge?lack of experience and/or knowledge?
– Transfer skillsTransfer skills– Make ideas realityMake ideas reality
Result….Result….
When these components exist they When these components exist they attract skills and talents that increase attract skills and talents that increase organizational capacity!organizational capacity!