INDUSTRYBALL & GEL PEN

SUDIKSHA MAHAJANBBA 2ND YEAR

DIV BROLL NO.116

 A pen is a handheld device used to apply ink to a surface, usually paper, for writing or drawing. Additional types of specialized pens are used in specific types of applications and environments such as in artwork ,electronics, digital scanning and spaceflight and computing.

The Manufacturing ProcessBallpoint pens are made to order in mass quantities. While each manufacturer makes them slightly differently, the basic steps include ink compounding, metal component formation, plastic component molding, piece assembly, packaging, labeling, and shipping. In advanced shops, pens can go from raw material to finished product in less than five minutes.

Making the ink Large batches of ink are made in a designated area of the manufacturing plant. Here workers, known as compounders, follow formula instructions to make batches of ink. Raw materials are poured into the batch tank and thoroughly mixed. Depending on the formula, these batches can be heated and cooled as necessary to help the raw materials combine more quickly. Some of the larger quantity raw materials are pumped and metered directly into the batch tank. These controls also regulate the mixing speeds and the heating and cooling rates.

Stamping and formingWhile the ink is being made, the metal components of the pen are being constructed. The tungsten carbide balls are typically supplied by outside vendors. The brass discs are next softened and poured into a compression chamber, which consists of a steel ram and a spring-backed ejector plunger. This compresses the metal and forms the various pen pieces. The die is then opened, and the pen piece is ejected.•3 The formed pieces are then cleaned and cut. They are immersed in a bath to remove oils used in the molding process. After they emerge from the bath, the parts are then cut to the dimensions of the specific pen. The pen pieces are next polished by rotating brushes and cleaned again to remove any residual oils. The ball can then be inserted into the point cavity.

Molding the housing•4 The plastic components of the pen are constructed simultaneously with the  other pen pieces. They can be produced by either extrusion or injection molding. In each approach, the plastic is supplied as granules or powder and is fed into a large hopper. T It is then forced through a die, cooled, and cut. Pieces such as the pen body and ink reservoir are made by this method.•5 For pieces that have more complex shapes, like caps, ends, and mechanics. After it cools, it solidifies and maintains its shape after the die is opened.

Ink filling and assembly•6 After the components are formed, assembly can take place. Typically, the ballpoint is first attached to the ink reservoir. These pieces are then conveyored to injectors, which fill the reservoir with the appropriately colored ink. If a spring is going to be present, it is then placed on the barrel of the reservoir.

Final assembly, packaging, and shipping•7 The point and reservoir are then placed inside the main body of the pen. At this stage, other components such as the cap and ends are incorporated. Other finishing steps, such as adding coatings or decorations or performing a final cleaning, are also done. The finished pens are then packaged according to how they will be sold. Single pens can be put into blister packages with cardboard backings. Groups of pens are packed into bags or boxes. These sales units are then put into boxes, stacked on pallets, and shipped to distributors.

Quality ControlThe quality of pen components is checked during all manufacturing stages. Since thousands of parts are made each day, inspecting each one is impossible. Consequently, line inspectors take random samples of pen pieces at certain time intervals and check to ensure that they meet set specifications for size, shape, and consistency. Random samples of the final product are also tested to ensure a batch of pens writes correctly.

The FutureBallpoint pen technology has improved greatly since the time of Loud's first patented invention. Future research will focus on developing new inks and better designed pens that are more comfortable and longer lasting. This should minimize waste, increase production speed, and reduce the final cost of the pens.

TOP TEN PEN BRANDS

• 1)Parker- Most Popular pen brand in World

Parker is the most famous company among the popular pen companies in the world. This famous pen company was founded in the year 1888. This is also termed as one of the pen brand that will show the dignity and high class attire will using.

2)Mont Blanc - Most stylish pen brand in World

Mont Blanc is also one of the best company to produce writing instruments. This company is founded in the year 1906. Most of the Mont Blanc pen brand is identified with the white stylised six-pointed star with rounded edges on the top of the pen which was it's company's trademark.  

3) Cello - Top recommended pen brand in world

Will the above top pen brands listed are rare to many people the cello is a kind of pen brand known to most of the people in the world. Most of the people prefer this company's pens since they are cheap and easy to use.

4) Reynolds - best selling pen brand in World

• Reynolds is one of the best company that produces pens. This company is famous for ball pens. The name for this company came derived from it's owner Milton Reynolds. He is an American entrepreneur.

5) Camlin - Best pen manufacturer brand

Kokuyo Camlin is a famous Indian Stationary company which was founded in the year 1931. It's headquarters is in Mumbai, India. This company produces all kinds of stationary products and pens being the most produced and used products from this company. 

6) Cross - one among top selling pen brands

CROSS is an American pen brand that is established in the year 1846. This pen brand stands in the 4th position in our top 10 pen brands in world list. This pen company produces all kinds of writing instruments from pens to colour pencils also.

7) Aurora - Renowned pen brand Aurora is an Italian based company that is committed to produce writing instruments. This company was founded in the year 1919. This pen brand stands in the top 7th position of our top 10 pen brands in world list.

8) Sheaffer - Comfortable elegant pen brand

Sheaffer is one among the the top 10 pen brands in World. This pen company stands in the 8th spot in the list of our top 10 pen brands in world. This company writing instruments can fit into any hand. They are also good looking and smooth in the flow of writing.

9) Papermate - Stylish pen brand 

Papermate company is limited to only some few countries in the world. The product of writing instruments is not done all over the world. This is the major drawback of this pen brand company. Rest everything is fine and good. This pen brand stands in the top 9th position in our top 10 pen brand list in the world.

10) Hero - best cheap pens brand

Every one in the world who are literate knows about this pen company. Hero is known for producing large sets of cheaper writing instruments in the world. In every stationary shop you can find this pen brand and it's very casual that most of the people prefer to use this brand for writing.

The Parker Pen Company is a manufacturer of luxury pens, founded in 1888[2] by George Safford Parker in Janesville, Wisconsin, United States. In 2011, the Parker factory at Newhaven, East Sussex, England (United Kingdom) was closed, and its production transferred to Saint-Herblain (France).

Parker Pen Company

Type Model

5TH Technology I.M., Ingenuity, Sonnet, Urban

Fountain pens Duofold, Premier, Sonnet, Facet, Esprit, Urban, I.M., Vector, Jotter

Ballpoint pens Facet, Executive, Esprit, Frontier, Urban, I.M., Vector, Jotter

Inks and refills Quink, 5TH Mode

The following is a list with products offered by the Parker Pen Company as of 2012

SWOT Analysis

Strengths

1. Diverse portfolio of well known brands including Parker Pen, Sharpie Marker, Waterman pens2.Service orientation & Operational efficiency3. Strong leadership team led by innovation , productivity and collaboration4. Reputation of service excellence among mass retailers5. Emphasis on merchandising which promotes brand loyalty6. Close to 20,000 people employed with the company

Weaknesses 1. Limited geographic presence & limited market share2. Criticized for allegedly closing down factories in UK

Opportunities

1.Develop products with high margins 2.Explore emerging markets through retail and e-commerce routes3.Leverage special promotions and creative merchandising4. Horizontal acquisition and integration can increase the market share5. Rising demand for power tools

Threats1.Economic slowdown impacting revenues2. Rise of low priced good stores like IKEA , Lowe’s 3.Lack of product differentiation for low end brands4. Weakening distribution channel

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The FutureBallpoint pen technology has improved greatly since the time of Loud's first patented invention. Future research will focus on developing new inks and better designed pens that are more comfortable and longer lasting. This should minimize waste, increase production speed, and reduce the final cost of the pens.