Approaches to Managing conflict

Renni Rengganis29011025

outline♣ Negotiation

♣ Interpersonal Skills

♣ Cultural & gender differences

♣ Group dynamics

♣ Contact & communication

♣ Superordinate goals

♣ Tit for tat

♣ De-escalation thresholds

♣ Apology

♣ Forgiveness

♣ Praise

♣ Sacrifice

♣ New Resources

♣ Decoupling & Buffering

♣ Formal Authority

♣ Planning

♣ Scale

♣ Stalemates

♣ Compromise

♣ Mediation

Negotiation

Interaction between two set of individuals, group, or even nation to settle disagreements through compromises and concessions

Negotiation used when :

Conflicts are relatively simple Conflicts are of a low intensity Both parties are relatively equal in power

Interpersonal skills

Do to reduce tension and build bridges between people in conflicts.

Cultural & Gender DifferencesConflicts can sometimes be understood in terms of the gender and the culture of the

people involved

Group DynamicsGroup, teams / meetings can help conflict be managed in healthy ways, or creating the preconditions for bad decision making & problem solving.

Contact and CommunicationHelps to simple get the side to a conflicts together, by communication there is a change that both side will understand the motivations, fears, needs of the other side.

Super ordinate GoalsSuperordinate goals is something that both sides in a conflict can work on together, it may that a goal can be achieved if both side are work together.Ex : Alien attack, Meteor attack

Tit - for - Tat“if you do that then I will do it back to you”

If both side could agree on who started the interchange, it could solve by Tit for Tat.

De-escalation thresholds

◊ Opening new channel of communication◊ Describe the conflict system◊ Alteration of a coercive ban or limitation◊ Change of leader◊ Permission for informal discussion about

solutions◊ etc

Apology can used if :• The other side has the good grace to simply and

quietly accept the apology• The other side may even reciprocate with an

apology

ForgivenessAnother way of wiping the slate clean of

abandoning Tit for Tat

Apology

PraiseIn breaking deadlocks, praise can take the edge

off any perceived back down.

SacrificeMay be seen to be in a position of weakness, but from

another point it may be seen to be position of moral or ethical superiority.

New ResourcesIf a conflict in over limited resources, try to create new ones, ( new locations, markets, jobs, rewards, etc)

Decoupling & BufferingMean physically separating, to minimized

interdependence.

Formal AuthorityUsing the power of authority to make a deal.

PlanningSequencing tasks to be performed by different areas, and allocate resources.

Match the scale of the solution to the nature of the situation. A small-scale pilot program is preferable.

Scale

Stalemates ( impasse / deadlock)Stops:

• one side overwhelms the other• One side taken unilateral advantage• One side yields• One side avoid the conflicts• Both side reach the stalemate

Stalemates con’t reasons :

• Contentious tactics have failed• Resources have become exhausted• Social support is diminishing• Cost have become unacceptable

Compromise

This approaches doesn’t work very well because :Produces unwise agreementsInefficientEndangers an ongoing relationship

Involves a third party taking an active role in seeking solutions to a conflict between two parties.

Ideal mediator should be :1. Neutral and impartial2. Appropriately assertive3. Skilled in various interpersonal and communication skills (active

listening, questioning, reframing, presentation)4. Skilled in generating options, alternatives and solving problem,

negotiation5. Knowledgeable about appropriate legal & procedural factors6. Confortable with other expressing strong emotions, etc.

Mediation