Upload
sreeni09
View
679
Download
11
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
Guided by : HARI VIJAYAN Asst. Professor Mechanical Dept.
TRANSONIC COMBUSTIONin
IC ENGINE
Presented by: ANILKUMAR G S7 MECHANICAL 15134408
2
Introduction
Transonic combustion & principle
Supercritical Fluid
Advantages and Disadvantages.
Conclusion
References.
CONTENTS
3
Internal combustion engine (ICE).
It is an Engine in which Combustion of fuel occurs inside the
Combustion Chamber.
Efficiency of IC Engine.
Losses that affects Efficiency
Exhaust Emission.
INTRODUCTION
4
THERMAL LOSSESEngine Losses - 62.4 %
Idling Losses - 17.2 %
Accessories - 2.2 %
Driveline Losses - 5.6 %
Aerodynamic Drag - 2.6 %
Rolling Resistance - 4.2 %
Inertia; Braking Losses - 5.8 %
5
EXHAUST EMISSIONS
Source : www.fppt.info
6
TRANSONIC COMBUSTIONSupercritical fuel injection system.
Combination of Injection and Ignition process.
Short delay period.
Independent of air-fuel ratio.
Double efficiency compared to current gasoline engines.
Rapid air-fuel mixing and fast combustion.
Injection of fuel is delayed and takes place after tdc.
7
SUPERCRITICAL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
Fuel is heated beyond thermodynamic critical point.Fuel injection is using a specially designed fuel
injector.Heating takes place with the help of exhaust gas heat
recovery and electrical heating.Prevent droplet diffusion burns & partial combustion
near the cylinder walls.
8
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID
Substance at a temperature & pressure above its critical point.
It is not a solid liquid or gas.Have properties between those of a liquid and gas.
It has no surface tension.
Small changes in temperature & pressure results in large changes in density.
9
Source : www.fppt.info
PHASE DIAGRAM
10
INJECTION OF FUEL NORMAL
SUPERCRITICAL
Source : www.fppt.info
11Source : www.fppt.info
12
BASIC COMPONENTS OF TSCi SYSTEM
ECU
High pressure fuel pump.
Fuel conditioning module.
Heat exchanger.
Fuel rails.
Fuel injectors.
Source : www.fppt.info
13
Source : www.fppt.info
FCM
14
ENGINE CONTROL UNIT
The quantity of fuel injected into each cylinder per engine cycle.
Variable cam timing (VCT). Monitors air conditioning. The ECU controls other
parameters by monitoring the engine through sensors including throttle position sensors, air temperature sensors, engine coolant temperature sensors and other sensors Source : www.fppt.info
15
FUNCTIONS OF ECUVariable valve timing control.Idle speed control.Fuel injection.Error detection.Monitoring temperature and other sensors
16
HIGH PRESSURE FUEL PUMP
An electric fuel pump.
It has high safety.
The ECU communicates to the fuel pump for a precise fuel
mixture and amount of fuel in the tank.
The fuel pump calculates appropriate refueling mixtures that
are compatible with the remaining fuel in the tank and the
vehicle's operational capabilities.
17
ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP
Source : www.fppt.info
18
FUEL CONDITIONING MODULE
Technology based on the discovery that high powered magnets
placed in a particular pattern on fuel feed lines cause the fuel to burn at a higher temperature and more efficiently.
Source : www.fppt.info
19
HEAT EXCHANGER
Equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another.
Uses heat from exhaust gases to heat the fuel. Generally tubular heat
exchanger is used.
Source : www.fppt.info
20
FUEL RAIL (COMMON RAIL)
A pipe (usually resembling a rail) used to deliver fuel to individual fuel injectors.
It is designed to have a pocket or seat for each injector as well as an inlet for a fuel supply
Source : www.fppt.info
21
FUEL INJECTORWhen signalled by the ECU the fuel injector opens
and sprays the pressurised supercritical fuel into the engine.
The duration that the injector is open (called the pulse width) is proportional to the amount of fuel delivered.
The fuel injector is mounted substantially in the center of the cylinder head of the combustion chamber.
Source : www.fppt.info
22
ADVANTAGESImproved fuel efficiency
Lower green house emission
Multi-fuel compatible
About 50 % increase in efficiency.
Perfect combustion of fuel.
Pollution is reduced to a greater extent because of perfect combustion.
Knocking is eliminated.
Engine life is increased.
23
DISADVANTAGES
Might be Costly.
Supercritical fluid extraction is quite difficult.
Need regular maintenance.
If ECU goes wrong somehow efficiency affects.
24
CONCLUSIONBy eliminating the ignition system and introducing a completely
redesigned fuel injection system, TSCi (Injector-Ignition) realize a 50%
increase in efficiency.
With the influence of supercritical fluid enhances a complete combustion
and there by increases engine efficiency and reduces the emissions.
When tested under lab conditions the losses associated with these IC
engines were drastically reduced.
The transonic combustion engine technology would improve fuel economy
by far and also reduce exhaust emission.
25
REFERENCESDe Boer, C., Chang, J., and Shetty, S., "Transonic Combustion - A Novel
Injection-Ignition System for Improved Gasoline Engine Efficiency," SAE
Technical Paper 2010-01-2110, 2010, doi:10.4271/2010-01-2110.
Bottini, Susana. "Preface." The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 45. 2.June
2008 133. 27 May http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/08968446.
Dixon, D. J. and Johnston, K.P., "Supercritical Fluids," In Encyclopedia of
Separation Technology; Ruthven, D.M., Editor, John Wiley, 1997, 1544-
1569.
26
THANK U ALL!!!!!