- 1. Coach Morgans World HistoryChapters 1 and 2
2. 3. 1 stSix Weeks Prehistory And Ancient Civilizations 4. 1
stSix Weeks Themes
- a) What do humans need to survive?
- b) What is the environment?
- a) Way of life, traditions, customs,
5. 6. The First Humans How do we know if this ancient stuff
really happened?
- The study of past societies through an analysis of what people
left behind them.
- The study of how humans live
- Scientific methods for excavations
- Method of analysis that calculates the ages of objects by
measuring the amount of carbon left in an object
- Thermo luminescence dating(Archmides article Aug 06)
- Method of analysis that dates an object by measuring the light
given off by electrons trapped in surrounding fossils and
artifacts
- Deoxyribonucleic acid tests
- Genetic tests providing information on human evolution
7. The Earliest Humans
- The earliest human like creatures in Africa.Also known by the
name of Australopithecines. (Apes)
- Neanderthals - The first homo-sapiens
8. Hunters and Gatherers Lets go get some tools
- Old Stone Age- usage of simple tools
- Middle Stone-gradual shift from food gathering and hunting
economy to a food producing one
- New Stone- shift from hunting to systematic agriculture
- Adding of copper and tin to tools.
9. Neolithic Revolution
- The single most important development in human history?
- Neolithic farming villages
- Mexico, Central America, India, China, Europe, Egypt
10. 11. Catal Huyuk 12. 13. 14. The Birth of Civilization
- Human Needs + Environment = Culture
- A complex culture in which large numbers of human beings share
a number of commonalties.
- 6 Basic Characteristics of Civilizations
15. The First Civilizations Mesopotamia & Egypt 16. WORLD
HISTORY Dates Cheat Sheet
- Remember: The years count backwards!
17. Mesopotamian Region The Geography 18. Mesopotamia Region The
land between the rivers
- Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
- Present Day Country of Iraq
- Flooding along the banks of the river
- Irregularity of flooding created insecurity
- Mud and dirt is abundant in the area.
- Zero natural barriers enabled raiders to sweep in
continually
- Walls were created for defense
- These walls were made of mud bricks which enabled the Sumerians
to invent the following: 1) Arch 2) Dome
19. Mesopotamian Society
- Government ruled by divine authority
- Belief in many gods and goddesses
- Temples were often built upon this massive stepped tower.
- The tower of Babel was a ziggurat .
- Cuneiform writingc. 3000 B.C.
- -used for record keeping to maintain knowledge of previous
events
- Mathematics and Astronomy
20. Museum TourPRESS HERE 21. Cuneiform Tablets
- A Babylonian tablet from 87 B.C. reports the arrival of the
comet now known as Halley.
22. The Sumerians 3000 B.C. 2340 B.C.
- Creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization
- Cities with political and economic control over the surrounding
countryside
- Sumerian city-states contained three major classes
- 1) Nobles 2) Commoners 3) Slaves
23. 24. The Akkadians 2340 B.C. 1792 B.C.
- Sargon overruns Sumerian city-states
- The Akkadians set up the first empire in world history
- Empires are easy to create but difficult to maintain. Why?
25. Babylon under Hammurabi 1792 B.C. - 1750 B.C.
- Divides his opponents and defeats them with a well-disciplined
army
- Hammurabi is best known for his law code
26. 27. 28. Did Mesopotamians Invent Soap?
- As far back as 2500 B.C., clay tablets from near the Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers were found that make mention of the use of
soap.
- It's use for washing did not necessarily come first. It was
first used as a way to dress one's hair, or as a medicament on
wounds.
29. Interesting Nuggets
- It was the accepted practice in Babylon 4,000 years ago that
for a month after the wedding, the bride's father would supply his
son-in-law with all the mead he could drink. Mead is a honey beer
and because their calendar was lunar based, this period was called
the honey month, which we know today as the honeymoon.
30. The First Civilizations Egypt 31. 32. Egypt THE
ENVIRONMENT
- Like Mesopotamia, the Egyptian civilization is also a river
valley
- The Nile River- The longest river in the world
- Unlike the floods of Mesopotamias rivers, the flooding was
predictable
- Unlike Mesopotamia, Egypt had excellent natural barriers.
- Deserts to the west and east, cataracts to the south, and the
Mediterranean Sea to the North
- These barriers did not prevent trading however.
- Movement along the Nile created efficiency in trading
33. Egypt Religion
34. 35. Egyptian gods
- Who is this? How do you know?
36. Old Kingdom Age of Pyramids
- Stability-free from invasion
- A family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the
family
- Monarchs were calledPharaohs
- In charge of government bureaucracy.
- Tombs for the Pharaohs noble officials
- The Great Pyramid at Giza
- Geometric angles are almost precise
37. Mummification
38. 39. Middle KingdomPeriod of Chaos
- Age of political chaos and invasion
40. New KingdomThe Empire
- Strong military advancements
- Prosperous gains in wealth
- Read about Egyptian society and the daily life
- First female ruler in history
- Nearly led a religious revolution
41. NEFERTITI 42. Writing and Education
- Masters of the art of writing and also its teachers
Papyrus Hieroglyphics 43. The Persian Empire 44.
TheHebrewsandPersians
- Religion-Judaism- Influenced Christianity and Islam
- Saul the first Hebrew King
- David- reclaims Palestine
- Building Projects- Temple
- Covenant-contract with God
- Prophets-religious teachers
- Won the approval by using not only Persians but also the
conquered as government officials.
- Generous to supporters, harsh to enemies
- Satrapies- Persian provinces
- Satrap- Persian governors
- Immortals (Persian Guard)
- Increased taxes led to disloyalty
45. Other NotableCivilizations
- Built enormous palace complex on Crete at Knossus
- Decorative paintings, elaborate bath drains
- First to make use of iron.(Weaponry)
- Excellent traders by sea.
- Best known for its alphabet.The Phoenician alphabet was passed
onto the Greeks.
- Leaders with absolute power
- First largearmies equipped with iron weapons
46. 47. Hebrew and Persian Religions A Closer Look
- Humans play a strong role in the struggle between good and
evil
- Perform good deeds: achieve paradise
48. HEBREWS and JUDAISMWritten down as the Hebrew bible or Torah
Christians call thisThe Old Testament Torah 49. King Solomon
- Hebrews control Palestine andestablish monarchyc. 1000 BC
- Call territory Israel and establishJerusalemas its capitol
- deed is the building of the
50. Map of Palestine The Holy Land 51.
- Remain under Persian control until conquests of Alexander the
Great (4 thcentury bc.)
- People of Judah retain their separate identity, become known as
the Jews
52. COVENANT
- God has a contract with his people that he will take care of
them if they promise to obey him and his laws
- MORAL concerns were at the heart of the law of God
53.