Principles of Microservices - NDC 2014

PRINCIPLES OF MICROSERVICESSam Newman NDC London, December 2014

@samnewman#ndclondon

Accounts

Returns

Invoicing

Shipping

Inventory

Customer Service

Accounts

Returns

Invoicing

Shipping

Inventory

Customer Service

Small Autonomous services that work together

@samnewman#ndclondon4

Show Gilt, Groupon, Netflix, Amazon

Sam Newman

Building MicroservicesDESIGNING FINE-GRAINED SYSTEMS

@samnewman#ndclondon http://www.12factor.net/

Strategic Goals Architectural

Principles Design and Delivery

Practices

Enable scalable business More customers/transactions Self-service for customers

Support entry into new markets Flexible operational processes New products and operational processes

Support innovation in existing markets Flexible operational processes New products and operational processes

Reduce inertia Make choices that favour rapid feedback and change, with reduced dependencies across teams.

Eliminate accidental complexity Aggressively retire and replace unnecessarily complex processes, systems, and integrations so that we can focus on the essential complexity.

Consistent interfaces and data flows Eliminate duplication of data and create clear systems of record, with consistent integration interfaces.

No silver bullets Off the shelf solutions deliver early value but create inertia and accidental complexity.

Standard REST/HTTP

Encapsulate legacy

Eliminate integration databases

Consolidate and cleanse data

Published integration model

Small independent Services

Continuous deployment

Minimal customisation of COTS/SAAS

Small Autonomous services that work together

Principles Of Microservices

Modelled Around Business Domain

Culture Of Automation

Culture Of Automation Hide Implementation

Details

Decentralise All The Things

Details

Deploy Independently

Details

Isolate Failure Deploy Independently

Details

Highly Observable

Details

Highly Observable

Accounts

Returns

Invoicing

Shipping

Inventory

Customer Service

Details

Highly Observable

Details

Highly Observable

3 Months

2 Microservices

3 Months

2 Microservices

12 Months

10 Microservices

3 Months

2 Microservices

12 Months

10 Microservices

18 Months

60 Microservices

Infrastructure Automation

Automated Testing

Continuous Delivery

Automated Testing

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔

Hide Implementation Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔

HIDE YOUR DATABASE

@samnewman#ndclondonhttp://martinfowler.com/bliki/images/boundedContext/sketch.png

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

What is autonomy?

Giving people as much freedom as possible to do the job at hand

What is autonomy?

Giving people as much freedom as possible to do the job at hand

DEVOLUTION?

SELF-SERVICE

https://www.flickr.com/photos/katsrcool/15184711908/

@samnewman#ndclondonhttp://tech.gilt.com/post/102628539834/making-architecture-work-in-microservice

SHARED GOVERNANCE

OWNER-OPERATOR

https://www.flickr.com/photos/stevendepolo/5939055612

INTERNAL OPEN SOURCE

DUMB-PIPES, SMART ENDPOINTS

Magical Mystery Bus

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Decentralise All The Things ✔

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

ONE SERVICE PER-HOST

Service

ONE SERVICE PER-HOST

Service

Service Service

CONSUMER-DRIVEN CONTRACTS

Shipping Inventory

Expectations

Shipping Inventory

Expectations

Shipping Inventory

Expectations

Shipping Inventory

Expectations

Shipping Inventory

https://github.com/realestate-com-au/pact

CO-EXIST ENDPOINTS

Customer Service

Shipping

CO-EXIST ENDPOINTS

Customer Service

Shipping

CO-EXIST ENDPOINTS

Customer Service

Shipping

CO-EXIST ENDPOINTS

Customer Service

Shipping

Details

Isolate Failure

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Deploy Independently✔

Details

Isolate Failure

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Deploy Independently✔

1 in 100

4 in 100

Strangler App

Legacy App

Legacy AppLegacy App

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

30 - 60 Concurrent Requests

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

> 800 Concurrent Requests

Strangler App

Legacy App

Requests

Legacy App

> 800 Concurrent Requests

Strangler App

Legacy App Legacy App Legacy App

Thread Pool

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

Thread-pool exhausted

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

No requests to other downstream apps

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Failing…slowly!

Requests Building Up

Strangler App

Thread Pool

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Thread Pool

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Thread Pool

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Thread Pool Thread PoolThread Pool

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Thread Pool Thread PoolThread PoolBulkhead

Downstream Connections

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Strangler App

Fix Timeouts

Circuit Breakers

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Deploy Independently✔Isolate Failure✔

Details

Highly Observable

✔ ✔ ✔

Deploy Independently✔Isolate Failure✔

AGGREGATION

LOGSSTATS

AGGREGATION

CORRELATION IDS

ID 8964

CORRELATION IDS

ID 8964

Details

Deploy Independently

Details

Highly Observable

Sam Newman

Building MicroservicesDESIGNING FINE-GRAINED SYSTEMS

http://buildingmicroservices.com/

Sam Newman @samnewman

THANKS!

Principles of Microservices - NDC 2014

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