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IGNEOUS ROCKSIGNEOUS ROCKS
Where Does Igneous Rock Form?
I. FORMATION OF IGNEOUS
ROCKS
I. FORMATION OF IGNEOUS
ROCKS
A. Igneous rocks form
directly from the _____________
and_____________
A. Igneous rocks form
directly from the _____________
and_____________
solidificationsolidification
crystallizationcrystallization
of _____molten rock to form_______ rock
of _____molten rock to form_______ rocksolidsolid
liquidliquid
FOUNTAINING
FISSURE ERUPTION
LAVA FLOW
LAVA FLOW OVER A ROAD
LAVA FLOW THROUGH FORREST
Kilauea, HI2003
Kilauea, HI , 2003
Mt. ST. Helens
Volcanic crater
crazy vulcanist
SKY LIGHT
B. _____________is the process
when a liquid rock cools,
B. _____________is the process
when a liquid rock cools,
crystallizationcrystallization
and it changeschanges to a solid made of
___________________
and it changeschanges to a solid made of
___________________
INTERGROWN CRYSTALS INTERGROWN CRYSTALS
GRANITE MICROSCOPIC VIEW
2. CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS:2. CLASSIFICATION OF IGNEOUS ROCKS:
A. 2 characteristics that are used to classify igneous
rocks:
A. 2 characteristics that are used to classify igneous
rocks:
1. ______________
2. ______________
1. ______________
2. ______________
texturetexture mineralcomposition mineralcomposition
B. Texture ofan
igneous rockdescribes the
B. Texture ofan
igneous rockdescribes the
_________,__________
and ____________ of
the mineralcrystals it was
made from.
_________,__________
and ____________ of
the mineralcrystals it was
made from.
sizesizeshapeshape
arrangementarrangement
C. The ______ of the crystals
depends on the
_______________________
C. The ______ of the crystals
depends on the
_______________________
sizesize
Rate of Rate of coolingcooling
Slow cooling =
____________
Slow cooling =
____________large crystalslarge crystals
MINERAL CRYSTALS
GABBRO
Fast cooling =
____________
Fast cooling =
____________fine crystalsfine crystals
Or no crystals (glassy)
Or no crystals (glassy)
GLASSY TEXTURE: OBSIDIAN
BASALT: FINE CRYSTALS
BASALT MICROSCOPIC VIEW
Granite:Coarsecrystals
Basalt:Finecrystals
(Microscopic views)
FINE CRYSTAL: RYOLITE
3. EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS:
3. EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS:
A. _____________ occurs when molten (liquid) rock flows out of the earth as
________________
A. _____________ occurs when molten (liquid) rock flows out of the earth as
________________
ExtrusionsExtrusions
lavalava
lava
magma
And cools __________quickly
to formfine or no____________
to formfine or no____________ crystals crystals
gas pockets
Vesicular basalt
This rock if full of gas pockets
frothy texture (vesicular)
B. To form magma, ____________ must be melted.
B. To form magma, ____________ must be melted.
mineralsminerals
C. Minerals melt at different
____________ and ___________
C. Minerals melt at different
____________ and ___________
temperaturestemperaturespressurespressures
D. Igneous rocks of different
____________
D. Igneous rocks of different
____________
compositioncomposition
Can form from the same body of ____________
Can form from the same body of ____________
magmamagma
4. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS:
4. INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS:
A. _____________ occurs when molten
rock beneath the surface
A. _____________ occurs when molten
rock beneath the surface
IntrusionsIntrusions
(magma) (magma)
cools ____________to form_____________
cools ____________to form_____________
slowlyslowly
coarse crystals coarse crystals
Granite:Coarsecrystals
Basalt:Finecrystals
(Microscopic views)
5. FELSIC5. FELSICA. Igneous rocks of the continental crust are rich in
_________ density_________ coloredminerals
A. Igneous rocks of the continental crust are rich in
_________ density_________ coloredmineralslowlowlightlight
(granitic)(granitic)
6. MAFIC6. MAFICA. Igneous rocks of the ocean floor are rich in
_________ density_________ coloredminerals
A. Igneous rocks of the ocean floor are rich in
_________ density_________ coloredmineralshighhighdarkdark
(basaltic)(basaltic)
Comparing Oceanic Crust To Continental Crust
Continental Crust:1.2.3.4.5.
Continental Crust:1.2.3.4.5.
low densitylow densitylight colorlight color
felsicfelsicgraniticgranitic
thickthick
Oceanic Crust:
1.2.3.4.5.
Oceanic Crust:
1.2.3.4.5.
high densityhigh densitydark colordark color
maficmaficbasalticbasaltic
thinthin
Complete the Activity
Complete the Activity
Use this diagram in your ESRT to answer the following:
What is the temperature for the interface between
the following… inner core and outer core? 6250° COuter core and stiffer mantle? 5000° C Stiffer Mantle and athenosphere? 2600° C Asthenosphere and lithosphere? 750° C
Use this diagram in your ESRT to answer the following:
What is the temperature for the interface between
the following… inner core and outer core? 6250° COuter core and stiffer mantle? 5000° C Stiffer Mantle and athenosphere? 2600° C Asthenosphere and lithosphere? 750° C
What is the depth of the interface between the stiffer mantle and the outer core? 2900 KM
State the relationship between depth
and pressure :As depth increase pressure increases
State the relationship between depth and temperature:
As depth increases temperature increases
What is the depth of the interface between the stiffer mantle and the outer core? 2900 KM
State the relationship between depth
and pressure :As depth increase pressure increases
State the relationship between depth and temperature:
As depth increases temperature increases
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMARock magma magma rock
When rocks melt, bonds broken.
Crystalline solid no longer exists.
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMARock magma magma rock
•Hot liquid contains still solid fragments
•Minerals melt at different temperatures
•Melting causes changes in magma composition
MELTING ROCKS AND CRYSTALLIZING MAGMARock magma magma rock
•Cooling of hot liquid allows crystallization of minerals
•Bonds are re-established
•Crystalline structure grows until edges touch adjacent crystals
•Minerals crystallize at different temperatures
OK………..TAKE OUT
YOUR REFERENCE
TABLE
OK………..TAKE OUT
YOUR REFERENCE
TABLE
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