Mexico City Green Plan

Mexico CityMexico City

PopulationPopulation 19.2 million19.2 million

Land AreaLand Area 1,499 sq km1,499 sq km

Source: Consejo Nacional de Población, 2006

PurposePurpose

To modify the course and redirect Mexico City in the path of sustainability.

CommitmentsCommitments

• Tangible environmental improvement• Social responsibility• World commitment

PrinciplesPrinciples

• Sustainable Development• Regulatory Policy• Environmental Education• Transparency and Accountability • Metropolitan Dynamic• Conscious Civic Participation• Polluter Pays

ComprehensiveComprehensive

1. of large scope;

covering or involving

much; inclusive

2. comprehending mentally;

having an extensive mental range or

grasp.

ChallengesChallenges

• Urban mobility• Land conservation• Lack of green spaces• Drinking water

demand• Water erosion• Air quality• Solid waste

management• Climate change

Focus AreasFocus Areas

Water

Air Climate

TransportationSpaceLand

Waste

WaterWater

Objective:To achieve water

self-sufficiency and improve water management in Mexico City.

GoalsGoals

1. To attain a balance of aquifer extraction and replenishment

2. To reduce residential water consumption

3. To reduce losses in water mains4. To increase re0use and treatment

of water5. To create two lakeside parks

StrategiesStrategies

• 90% decrease of barren land by 2015• Issue of a decree declaring 12 urban

ravines as environmentally-valued areas

• Decrease water demand by at least one cubic meter per second by 2010

• Complete replacement of damaged infrastructure by 2012

• Increase wastewater treatment from 2.5 to 7.2 cubic meters per second by 2012

AirAir

Objective:To control the most prevalent, noxious

atmospheric pollutants (ozone and particulate matter), and to reduce emissions of toxic pollutants.

GoalsGoals

1. To reduce emissions of pollutants 2. To increase both passenger and

freight transportation efficiency 3. To enforce the actions proposed by

transportation and energy plans, and to measure the benefits yielded by the Green Plan in terms of air quality

StrategiesStrategies

• 50% reduction of NOX and VOCs by 2012• Reduction of 10,000 tons per year of industry-

generated pollutants by 2012• Enforcement of mandatory emissions

testing for freight vehicles by 2009• Replacement of all taxis with less polluting

units by 2012• Introduction of ultra low sulfur diesel in

public transportation starting in 2008-09• Replacement of all government vehicles with

less polluting fuel-efficient units by 2012

ClimateClimate

Objective:To reduce greenhouse gas emissions,

to foster the establishment of renewable energy markets, and to promote adaptations to climate change among the population.

GoalsGoals

1. To deliver the Climate Change Action Plan for Mexico City

2. To endorse all actions proposed by the transportation, water, air, public spaces, waste and energy plans aimed at the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

3. To reduce Mexico City’s vulnerability to climate change by implementing measures that allow the general population to adapt to it

StrategiesStrategies

• Development of actions by the forestry sector aimed at reducing levels of carbon dioxide

• Use carbon bonds to reduce GHG emissions

• Develop adaptive actions to avoid potential health and safety risks for the population

TransportationTransportation

Objective:To recover streets

and roads for efficient, non-polluting, mass transportation with properly trained drivers, and to promote non-motorized transportation.

GoalsGoals

1. To encourage efficient, non-polluting, mass transportation with properly trained drivers; and to recover the streets and roads for the majority of the population

2. To reduce the number of vehicles in circulation 3. To offer incentives to those who use non-

motorized transportation 4. To improve transit and traffic5. To foster transit and pedestrian awareness

culture aimed at a more harmonious coexistence Transportation

StrategiesStrategies

• Increase subway coverage by 2012• Mandatory school bus transportation for

private schools by 2012• Circulation restrictions for taxis carrying no

passengers• Create pedestrian-zones in historic downtowns

areas• Bicycles should account for at least 5% of all

individual trips made in the city prior to 2012• Build 4,000 kilometers of bicycle lanes by

2012

SpaceSpace

Objective:To recover and create public spaces in

order to transform Mexico City into a place suitable for social integration and capable of offering better habitability, comfort, and equity.

GoalsGoals

1. To implement projects aimed at re-organizing and regulating large public spaces, designed according to sustainability and habitability criteria

2. To recover and improve existing public spaces in order to incorporate them into Integration and Development corridors for recreational and environmental purposes

3. To increase green areas and provide public spaces with outdoor furniture and greater accessibility

StrategiesStrategies

• Implement a “Clean Building Guarantee” in all new service facilities by 2010

• Create a 36,000-square meter urban park in Iztapalapa by 2010

• Reach a target of nine square meters of green areas per inhabitant by creating new parks and corridors

StrategiesStrategies

• Installation of 30,000 square meters per year of green roofs

Conservation LandConservation Land

Objective:To recover and create public spaces in

order to transform Mexico City into a place suitable for social integration and capable of offering better habitability, comfort, and equity.

FactFact

• 60% of Mexico City is rural territory classified as conservation land.

GoalGoal

1. Zero human settlement growth in conservation lands

2. Restoration and preservation of ecosystems with high environmental value

3. Payment of environmental services as a mechanism to compensate for conservation costs

4. Promotion of agricultural ecosystems and sustainable management of natural resources

StrategiesStrategies

• Recovery and restoration over a six-year period of 150 illegally occupied high-value environmental sites

• Reforestation and restoration of 3,000 hectares with 2.5 million plants per year

• Assess option of using green taxes• Develop sustainable systems of land

management and mining and/or quarrying by 2010

• Relocation of 3,200 free-grazing heads of livestock to stable systems by 2012.

WasteWaste

Objective:To implement

comprehensive and sustainable management of solid waste

GoalGoal

1. Zero human settlement growth in conservation lands

2. Restoration and preservation of ecosystems with high environmental value

3. Payment of environmental services as a mechanism to compensate for conservation costs

4. Promotion of agricultural ecosystems and sustainable management of natural resources

StrategiesStrategies

• Sponsor a law initiative to regulate packing and packaging of products made/distributed in the Federal District

• Increase organic waste recycling from 3% to 30% by 2012

• Increase inorganic waste recycling from 12% to 20% by 2012

• Use of waste for power generation by 2009• Construct a general waste management

center by 2010

SystemicSystemic

1. of or pertaining to a system.

2. Physiology, Pathology.

(a) pertaining to or affecting the

body as a whole. (b) pertaining to

or affecting a particular body

system.

Policy InstrumentsPolicy Instruments

Mexico City Green Plan

Implementation

EnvironmentalTechnologies

Cross-boundaryCommunication

Funding

Education

InternationalCooperation

EnvironmentalRegulations

Civic Participation

Participating AgenciesParticipating Agencies• Mexico City Major• Administration office• Secretary of Governance• Secretary of Environment• Secretary of Urban

Development and Housing• Secretary of Transit and

Transportation• Secretary of Public Works and

Services• Secretary of Public Security• Secretary of Education• Secretary of Public Health

Services• Secretary of Social

Development

• Secretary of Rural Development and Equity for Communities

• Secretary of Economic Development

• Secretary of Finances• Institute for Youth• Efficient Use of Energy

Coordinating Office • Mexico City Historic

Downtown Authority

2008 Road System Program2008 Road System Program

• This is the most ambitious and aggressive road system program in Mexico City to be undertake since the 1980’s.

• Program will result in 360 kilometers of new roads, bridges, bypasses, main avenue connectors, highways, and overpasses.

• Program investment is over 222 million pesos.

Climate Action ProgramClimate Action Program2008-20122008-2012• Goal is reduction of GHG emissions

12% from 1990 levels by 2012• Program cost is 60 billion pesos ($5.9

million) • Program will be partially funded by

the sale of carbon bonds

Climate Action ProgramClimate Action Program

IntegrativeIntegrative

1. to bring together or incorporate

(parts) into a whole. 2. to make up,

combine, or complete to

produce a whole or a larger unit, as

parts do. 3. to unite or

combine.

Forest OwnersForest Owners

Government hopes to pay commoners and peasants owners of forests for environmental services that support the conservation tasks.

IndustryIndustry

• Regulations and incentives to encourage industry to redesign packing and crating materials using biodegradable and easily recyclable materials.

• Tax incentives for waste reduction and recycling

Public OpinionPublic Opinion

A “Green Survey” was taken by more than one million residents.

71.9% Adults 71.0% Ballots21.3% Teenagers 27.5% Telephone 6.7% Children 2.0% Internet

Public OpinionPublic Opinion

Expansion of Metrobus and subway system

81%

Replacement of minibuses for clean units

89%

Use of clean energies in taxis

88%

Mandatory school bus transportation

64%

Alternate Saturday circulation of private cars

71%

Recovery of public spaces and green areas

83%

Mandatory verification of commercial vehicles

91%

Treatment facilities, pluvial absorption wells and lake

recovery 94%

Severe penalties to protected areas trespassers

93%

Improvement on management of solid waste

92%

Survey Results

TOPIC APPROVAL

Public OpinionPublic OpinionChildren’s Survey Results

Safe use of bicycles, skates and skateboards in the City 93.5%Separation of waste into organic and inorganic at home 57.0%Use of school bus transport

83.3%Proximity to parks

60.7%Water conservation 91.9%

TOPIC APPROVAL

AccountableAccountable

1. subject to the obligation

to report, explain, or justify

something; responsible; answerable.

2. capable of being explained; explicable;

explainable.

Green Plan Evaluation and Green Plan Evaluation and Monitoring Board Monitoring Board The Green Plan is a living instrument

which must be permanently evaluated and enhanced.

Board includes a mix of government employees (mostly engineers), business representatives, interest groups, and academics.