Exhaust Stack Discharge Velocity Reduction

2010 Higher 2010 Higher Education Education

Sustainability Sustainability ConferenceConferenceLos Angeles Trade Tech CollegeLos Angeles Trade Tech College

June 22, 2010June 22, 2010Chris AbbamontoChris Abbamonto

UC Irvine, Facilities ManagementUC Irvine, Facilities Management

The University of California, Office of the President is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives1. You will identify the criteria that exemplify new

construction best practices in HVAC design and retrofitting.

2. The learner will identify the technologies useful for HVAC efficiency including indirect/direct evaporative cooling, a heat pipe heat recovery loop to dehumidify air in high-density areas, solar thermal installations, and the modification of exhaust stack height and discharge velocity.

3. You will compare and contrast the range of strategies and technologies to energy savings.

AgendaAgenda

UC Irvine Campus OverviewUC Irvine Campus Overview Smart Lab Overview Smart Lab Overview Exhaust System OptimizationExhaust System Optimization Questions and DiscussionQuestions and Discussion

University of California, University of California, IrvineIrvine

Large research universityLarge research university$16M annual utilities budget$16M annual utilities budget

Lab buildings consume 2/3 of campus energyLab buildings consume 2/3 of campus energyMany energy initiatives to reduce carbon Many energy initiatives to reduce carbon

footprintfootprint

Campus Energy SavingsCampus Energy SavingsTeam SynergyTeam Synergy

SafetyManagement

Visionary & Supportive

UpperManagement

Engineers

FacilityManagers

Patience

Supportive Users/Researchers

AgendaAgenda

UC Irvine Campus OverviewUC Irvine Campus Overview Smart Lab Overview Smart Lab Overview Exhaust System OptimizationExhaust System Optimization Questions and DiscussionQuestions and Discussion

Balancing Lab Balancing Lab Safety & Safety &

Climate SafetyClimate Safety Create lab buildings that out perform

ASHRAE 90.1 / CA Title 24 by 50%

Combine energy initiatives such as Centralized demand controlled

ventilation (CDCV) Low flow (high performance) fume hoods Energy-efficient lighting Optimized Exhaust Systems

Building Exhaust System

Labs w/CDCVreal time lab air monitoring4 ach occupied2 ach unoccupied

Energy efficientlighting

Labs with low flow fume hoods(as appropriate)

Smart Lab Building Smart Lab Building ConceptConcept

Sash

AirfoilWork

Surface

Exhaust Plenum

Baffle

Increased Hood Depth

Operate safely at lower face velocities (i.e. 70 FPM rather than 100 FPM)

Low Flow (high performance) Low Flow (high performance) Fume HoodsFume Hoods

Lab Area LPD from 1.1 to 0.6

Lab Prep LPD from 1.0 to 0.4

Prep Room LPD from 2.0 to 1.0

Corridor LPD from 0.6 to 0.3

Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Reduce Power Density by Reduce Power Density by

50%50%

Slightly higher stacks, 4-5 feet

Variable speed fans (reduce exhaust fan flows)Install wind responsive equipment (if needed)

Reduce or eliminate bypass air

Exhaust Energy Reduction Exhaust Energy Reduction SolutionsSolutions

Estimated annual energy savings:• 890,080 kWh electrical with 193 kW demand

reduction• 22,464 therms of natural gas

Estimated annual energy cost savings:• $110,980 at $0.105/kWh and $0.78/therm

Savings by Design payment of $397,836 Exceeding Title 24 by 50%

Bid as a LEED New Construction (NC) Silver Design Build contractor proposed to increase the sustainable features to achieve LEED NC

Gold certification

AgendaAgenda

UC Irvine Campus OverviewUC Irvine Campus Overview Smart Lab Overview Smart Lab Overview Exhaust System OptimizationExhaust System Optimization Questions and DiscussionQuestions and Discussion

Lab Building ExhaustLab Building Exhaust

Wind

Exhaust Fan Bypass Damper

Plenum

Fume Hood

Supply Fan Duct

Balcony

Re-Entrainment of Contaminated Air

Wind Tunnel TestingWind Tunnel TestingChallenge Conservative Challenge Conservative

AssumptionsAssumptions

Wind Tunnel TestingWind Tunnel Testing Build model of campusBuild model of campus Install model stacksInstall model stacks An abundance of air An abundance of air

sampling point sampling point receptorsreceptors

Wind Tunnel Testing Wind Tunnel Testing MethodologyMethodology

Build model of campusBuild model of campus Install model stacksInstall model stacks Install air sampling points Install air sampling points

(“receptors”)(“receptors”) Ensure correct approach Ensure correct approach

flowflow Wind tunnel testingWind tunnel testing

Sprague HallSprague Hall Install variable Install variable

frequency drives frequency drives (VFD)(VFD)

Close bypass dampersClose bypass dampers No stack extension No stack extension

neededneeded Energy Savings:Energy Savings:

582,000 kWh582,000 kWh Cost: $197,000Cost: $197,000 Simple Payback: 0.9 Simple Payback: 0.9

yearsyears

Croul HallCroul Hall

Install variable Install variable frequency drives frequency drives (VFD)(VFD)

8’ Stack Extensions8’ Stack Extensions Static Pressure ResetStatic Pressure Reset Energy Savings: Energy Savings:

344,000 kWh344,000 kWh Cost: $307,000Cost: $307,000 Simple Payback: 6.2 Simple Payback: 6.2

yearsyears

Natural Sciences IINatural Sciences II

Install variable Install variable frequency drives frequency drives (VFD)(VFD)

Static Pressure ResetStatic Pressure Reset 4’ Stack Extensions4’ Stack Extensions Energy Savings: Energy Savings:

929,000 kWh929,000 kWh Cost: $331,000Cost: $331,000 Simple Payback: 1.1 Simple Payback: 1.1

yearsyears

Hewitt HallHewitt Hall

No Stack ExtensionsNo Stack Extensions Install variable Install variable

frequency drives frequency drives (VFD)(VFD)

Static Pressure ResetStatic Pressure Reset Energy Savings:Energy Savings:

287,000 kWh287,000 kWh Cost: $365,000Cost: $365,000 Simple Payback: 9.8 Simple Payback: 9.8

yearsyears

Summary of SavingsSummary of Savings

    Incentive NetElectrical Savings

Simple Payback

Building kWh Savings $ 0.24 Project Cost $ 0.105 Years

Sprague Hall 582,000 139,680 $ 57,320 $ 61,110 0.9

Croul Hall 344,000 82,560 $ 224,440 $ 36,120 6.2

Natural Sciences 2 929,000 222,960 $ 108,040 $ 97,545 1.1

Hewitt Hall 287,000 68,880 $ 296,120 $ 30,135 9.8

TOTALS: 2,142,000 514,080 $ 171,840 $ 224,910 0.8

Keys to SuccessKeys to Success

Next StepsNext Steps Wind Responsive ControlsWind Responsive Controls Evaluation of Additional FacilitiesEvaluation of Additional Facilities

Professional Risk AssessmentProfessional Risk Assessment Challenging Engineering Rules of ThumbChallenging Engineering Rules of Thumb Collaborative Cross Functional TeamCollaborative Cross Functional Team Commitment of Resources to Energy EfficiencyCommitment of Resources to Energy Efficiency

This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Program