Bioremediation and biodegradation

BIOREMEDIATIONAND

BIODEGRADATION

JAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE

THIRUNINRAVUR.

By, R.HARISH KUMAR

BIOTECHNOLOGY

Strategies for clean environment

bioremediation biodegradation

• Bioremediation is a process of removing or degrading the toxic pollutant from the environment by using microorganism .

• commonly used micro organisms are, Pseudomonas,Flavobacterium,Arthrobacter, and Azotobacter

• Bioremediation focuses on different sources they are called as different names. plant------------- phytoremediation fungi------------- mycoremediation

Bioremediation

•Degradation or Transformation of a substance into new compounds through biochemical reactions or the actions of microorganisms such as bacteria.

Biodegradation

BIODEGRADATION

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITI

ON

COMPOUNDS TO DEGRAD

E

BIODEGRADATION

MICRO ORGANIS

M

Examples :Psychrophiles----- Arthrobactersp., Psychrobacter sp., PseudomonasMesophiles--------E-coli bacteria, Staphyloccus aureus, Proteus vulgarisThermophiles-----Thermus aquaticus ,Thermococcus litoralis.

BIOREMEDIATION

In-situ Ex-situ

INTRINSIC

ENGINEERED

LANDFARMING

Earth warms can degrade heavy metals

Bacteria from the deep:

Brachybacterium spMn32

Nemesis for oil spills

Oleophillic bacteria

GMOsGenetically modified

organism

GMOs

The genetically engineered micro organism (GEMs)enhance the ability of degrading the contaminants. It is also said to be as a “bioaugmentation”

Genetically modifiedorganism

Construction of superbug

The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans(the most radioresistant organism known) has been modified to consume and digest toluene and ionic mercury from highly radioactive nuclear waste.

Strains of Deinococcus radiodurans

GMOs

XenobioticsPseudomonas diminuta parathion

P. olevorans Alkane

P. cepacia 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenol

P. putida Mono-/dichloroaromaticcompounds

Alcaligenes sp 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

Acinetobacter sp 4- chlorobenzene