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© 2015, MariaDB. © 2015, MariaDB Corp.
MariaDB Roadshow Berlin 2015
Optimale Hochverfügbarkeitsverfahren
Ralf Gebhardt, Principal Sales Engineer
© 2015, MariaDB.
Agenda
● Introduction ● Replication ○ Asynchronous Replication
○ Multi-Source Replication
● Galera Cluster ● MaxScale ● Connectors ● Other Ways of HA
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© 2015, MariaDB.
Introduction into HA
“Highavailabilityisasystemdesignprotocolandassociatedimplementa6onthatensuresacertaindegreeofopera6onalcon6nuityduringa
givenmeasurementperiod”
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© 2015, MariaDB.
Uptime, Downtime, 9s
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90% 1nine 36.5days/year 99% 2nines 3.65days/year 99.9% 3nines 8.76hours/year 99.99% 4nines 52minutes/year 99.999% 5nines 5minutes/year 99.9999% 6nines 31seconds/year
Availability=upCme/(upCme+downCme)
Availability=MTBF/(MTBF+MTTR)
© 2015, MariaDB.
Terminology
● Synchronous vs. Asynchronous ● Shared Disk vs. Shared Nothing vs. Shared Memory ● Single Point of Failure – SPOF ● Failover vs. Switchover ● Split-Brain ● STONITH, Quorum
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB Replication ● Asynchronous: 3 Phases
○ Commit and write to binlog on Master
○ Ship changes to relay log on slave
○ Apply changes on slave
● Master -> slave relationship
● MariaDB 10.0 - Parallel-threaded on Slave
● No conflict resolution ○ Master-master replication or
circular replication need application logic
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Master
Slave(s)
© 2015, MariaDB.
HA with Replication
● A typical 4 server setup
Active Passive
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© 2015, MariaDB.
HA with Replication
● A typical 4 server setup
Active Passive
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DC1 DC2
© 2015, MariaDB.
HA with Replication
● A typical 4 server setup
Active Passive
9
DC1
DC2
© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB 10.0 Replication Features ● Multi-Source Replication
● Global Transaction ID (GTID)
○ Different implementation in MySQL!
○ With MariaDBDomain ID - Server ID - Transaction seq #
● Parallel replication using the MariaDB group commit feature
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© 2015, MariaDB.
HA with MariaDB 10 Replication
● Typical 3 server setup
Active Passive
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● Clustered MariaDB nodescooperate to remain in sync.
● Synchronous replication withoptimistic locking delivers highavailability with little overhead.
● Fast failover because all nodes remains synchronized.
● Fully integrated binaries(NEW in 10.1)
MariaDB Galera Cluster
Load Balancingand Failover
Application / App Server
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© 2015, MariaDB Corp.
MariaDB Galera Cluster
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● Provides “virtually” synchronous replication ● Works with InnoDB ● No slave lag ● Certification and quorum ● Transactions may be rolled back
if conflicts exit ● Multi-master or master-slave
possible
© 2015, MariaDB Corp.
MariaDB Availability: MariaDB Cluster
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1. Transaction is processed locally up to commit time
© 2015, MariaDB Corp.
MariaDB Availability: MariaDB Cluster
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1. Transaction is processed locally up to commit time 2. Transaction is replicated to whole cluster
© 2015, MariaDB Corp.
MariaDB Availability: MariaDB Cluster
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1. Transaction is processed locally up to commit time 2. Transaction is replicated to whole cluster 3. Client gets OK status
© 2015, MariaDB Corp.
Galera Replication
wsrep
MySQL
wsrep
MySQL
wsrep
MySQL
Client
trx trx
MariaDB Availability: MariaDB Cluster
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1. Transaction is processed locally up to commit time 2. Transaction is replicated to whole cluster 3. Client gets OK status 4. Transaction is processed
© 2015, MariaDB.
Mon
itor
Filter & Logging
Routing
MaxScaleCore
Routing
MaxScale for HA
● Open source configurable database proxy platform.
● Plugin Architecture
● HA Features
○ Read / Write splitter
○ Binlog server
○ Launchable scripts (NEW in 1.2)
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MaxScale for HA
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© 2015, MariaDB.
HA in Connector/J
● Java Connector for MySQL / MariaDB
● Support for failover in the connector (NEW in 1.2)
● New host parameters
○ replication: Simple master-slave setups
○ failover: MariaDB master-master / cluster setup
● Pros:
○ Built into the application
○ LGPL license
● Cons: Too simple for complex failover scenarios
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© 2015, MariaDB.
Other HA Solutions ● Shared Disk
○ Active/Passive ○ Crash recovery needed ○ Is a SAN a SPOF?
● DRBD ○ Synchronous block-based replication ○ Active/Passive ○ Crash recovery needed
● Virtual Server based solutions
● Script-based Solutions for Replication
○ MHA, Replication Manager, …
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB HA: Resources
● GTID documentationhttp://bit.ly/1yBbNUM
● Multisource replication documentationhttp://bit.ly/1u3Je1L
● Blogs ○ GTID: http://bit.ly/1qEMDAr
○ Multi source: http://bit.ly/1rLtIaK
● HA Webinar https://goo.gl/Qnvy7b
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB HA: MaxScale Resources
● Binary Log server ○ MariaDB blog: http://goo.gl/1QjjlJ
○ Booking.com blog: http://goo.gl/yQ7524
● MaxScale blog roll ○ https://goo.gl/JJeKOB
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB HA: Connector/J Resources
● Knowledge Base ○ About Connector/J: https://goo.gl/z8VI0S
○ Download: https://goo.gl/d4lrOU
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© 2015, MariaDB.
MariaDB HA: Solving the Puzzle
● MariaDB Services ○ HA Consulting https://goo.gl/g5XGUS
○ RDBA https://goo.gl/EJxGcf
■ Credits
■ Subscription
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© 2015, MariaDB. © 2015, MariaDB Corp.
Vielen Dank!
mariadb.com
ralf.gebhardt@mariadb.com
"MySQL is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. MariaDB is not affiliated with MySQL."
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