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Computers in Your World
Digital revolution – Change brought on by use of digital technology/devicesDigital technology as a part of daily life
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 1
Figure A-1: Computers are a part of daily life
Computers in Your World(continued)
Computer - An electronic device that: Accepts input Processes data Stores data Produces output
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 2
Computers in Your World(continued)
Computer system includes: Hardware - Electronic and mechanical parts System Unit – Houses important components Peripheral devices – Hardware to expand
functionality Software – Programs/codes of instructions
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 3
Computers in Your World(continued)
Input devices: Keyboard Mouse Touch screen, etc.
Output devices: Monitor Printer Speakers, etc.
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 4
How Computers Work
Turn on/power up/booting a computer: May need to enter user ID and password
Computer program/software: Instructions telling a computer how to carry
out processing tasks
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 5
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 66
Figure B-1: Keyboard examples
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 7
Input Devices (continued)
Other pointing devices: Pointing stick Touchpad (also called a trackpad) Trackball Touch screen
Other ways to input data: Scanner Microphone Digital camera
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 8
Display Devices
Monitor: Standalone display device Found with desktop computers
Screen: Area where output is displayed
• Monitors attached to desktop computers have screens
• Notebook computers have screens, but not monitors
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 9
Display Devices (continued)
LCD (liquid crystal display): Manipulates light within a layer of liquid crystal
cells Also called flat-panel displays
LED (light emitting diodes)OLED (organic light emitting diodes): Used by most handheld devices Draws less power than LCD screens Can be seen from any angle
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 10
Figure B-6: Examples of monitors
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 11
Printers (continued)
Printer resolution: Determines the quality of printed output Measured in dots per inch (or dpi)
Printer speed: Pages per minute (ppm)
Duplex printer: Prints on both sides of paper
Network-enabled printerPhoto printer
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 12
Printers (continued)
Printer resolution: Determines the quality of printed output Measured in dots per inch (or dpi)
Printer speed: Pages per minute (ppm)
Duplex printer: Prints on both sides of paper
Network-enabled printerPhoto printer
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 13
Figure B-9: An ink jet printer Figure B-10: A laser printer
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 14
Data Storage – An Overview
Storage technology - Data storage system: Allows for a computer or digital device to store
and retrieve data
Storage medium: Holds data – Hard drive, tape, memory card,
flash drive, CD, DVD, etc.
Storage device: Stores and retrieves data from its storage
medium – CD/DVD drive.
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 15
Figure B-12: Examples of storage media and storage devices
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 16
Data Storage – An Overview (continued)
Hard drives – Internal or External: Main storage system for PCs Mechanical or solid state drives (SSD)
• Solid state technology – No moving parts
Additional storage devices: USB flash drives CD/DVD/BD drives Solid-state card readers
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 17
Figure B-13: Inside of a mechanical hard drive
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 18
Figure B-23: Solid state cards
Figure B-26: Examples of solid-state drives
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 19
Computer Software
Software/computer programs Provides instructions and data necessary to
carry out tasks
Graphical user interface (GUI) Allows for computer commands to be
executed using pointing devices and on-screen graphics
19
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 20
Computer Software (continued)
Two major categories of software: System software – used by the computer to
perform computer-specific tasks• Operating systems• Utilities• Device drivers
Application software – allows users to complete tasks on a computer• Document production• Communications
20
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 2121
Figure C-1: Examples of software categories
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 22
Computer Software (continued)
Local application Installed directly on a computer
A Web application (Web app) or cloudware Accessed using the Web
Portable application Can run from a removable device
Mobile application or app Runs on a smart phone or tablet
22
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 23
Computer Software (continued)
System requirements Minimum hardware capacities
23
Figure C-2: System requirements
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 24
Licenses and Copyrights
Copyright Legal protection of an author’s original work
Software license or license agreement Legal contract
defining how a computer program can be used
24
Figure C-5: Microsoft Office 2010 software license
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 25
Licenses and Copyrights (continued)
Legal software categories: Public domain software – not protected by
copyright Proprietary software – copyright restricts use
Types of software licenses: Single-user license Site license Multiple-user license Concurrent-use license
25
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 26
Licenses and Copyrights (continued)
Commercial software – purchase right to use Demoware – use for a trial period
Shareware – try first and then can purchaseFreeware – free to use but still need a licenseOpen source – program code/instructions available for modification
26
Figure C-4: Open Source Initiative
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 27
Operating Systems—An Overview
Operating System (OS) – Master controller for all computer activities Controls user-to-
digital-device interaction
Controls digital-device-to-digital-devicesinteraction
27
Figure C-11: Example of how the operating system works
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 28
Operating Systems—An Overview (continued)
Operating Systemallow users toperform specifictasks
28
Table C-2: Ways you can use an operating system
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 29
Office Productivity Software
Office productivity software Designed to be used in an office Integrates word processing, spreadsheet,
database, drawing, presentation capabilities
29
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 30
Office Productivity Software (continued)
Word processing software Used to produce documents Microsoft Word, OpenOffice Writer
30
Figure C-24: Checking the spelling of a document in Microsoft Word
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 31
Office Productivity Software (continued)
Spreadsheet software For projects with repetitive calculations Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice Calc Worksheet – grid of columns and rows
31
Figure C-25: A spreadsheet in OpenOffice Calc
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 32
Office Productivity Software (continued)
Database software Used to create a collection of data that is
stored electronically as a series of records in tables
Microsoft Access, OpenOffice Base
32
Figure C-27: Creating a table in Microsoft Access
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 33
Office Productivity Software (continued)
Presentation software Provides all the tools needed to make a series
of electronic slides Microsoft PowerPoint, OpenOffice Impress
33
Figure C-28: A slide in a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 34
Graphics Software
Graphics Picture, drawing, sketch, photograph, image,
or icon on screen or printed output
Graphics software Helps you create, display, modify, manipulate,
and print graphics
34
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 35
Graphics Software (continued)
Paint or image editing software – used to create more sophisticated images
35
Figure C-30: Paint software
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 36
Graphics Software (continued)
Photo editing software – used to enhance quality of photos
36
Figure C-31: Photo editing software
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 37
Graphics Software (continued)
Clip art – readily available images used with productivity software
37
Figure C-32: Inserting clip art in a presentation
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 38
Graphics Software (continued)
3D graphics software - computer aided design (CAD) software
38
Figure C-33: 3D graphics created using software programs
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