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Antofagasta, January 14nd, 2015
Solar Resource & Radiometry Tasks in Antofagasta
Aitor Marzo, Ph.D. aitor.marzo@uantof.cl
Mauricio Trigo, Mg.Tania Varas, Mg.
Index
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
• Introduction to Solar Radiation Measurements• Climates and Solar Resource in Región de Antofagasta• Tasks of the CDEA Radiometry Area
2/15
Introductionto Solar Radiation Measurements
Why Measure Solar Radiation?
4/15
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
Radiation measurements are used for the following
purposes:
(a) To analyze the properties and distribution of the atmosphere with regard
to its constituents;
(b) To verify satellite radiation measurements and algorithms;
(c) To satisfy the needs of biological, medical, agricultural, architectural and industrial activities with respect to radiation;(d) To know the solar resource for solar technologies
Why is exact knowledge of the solar resource so important for solar technologies?-> High impact of the annual irradiation on the LEC (Levelized Electricity
Costs)-> Irradiation is a crucial parameter for site selection and plant design andeconomics of plant
Solar Irradiance and Atmosphere
5/15
• Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI)
• Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance (DHI)
• Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI)
Relationship between the three components:
Units: [W m-2] or [W m-2 nm-1]
SZAcos DNI DHI GHI
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
Climates and Solar Resourcein Región de Antofagasta
7/15
Climates of Región de Antofagasta
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
Climate Height Annual T mean Rainfall
min max d
Cloudy Desert > 0 m 13 °C 22 °C ±7 °C 1.7 mm
Normal Desert > 1000 m 8 °C 21 °C ±25 °C 3.1 mm
High Desert* > 2000 m 5 °C 24 °C ±20 °C 5.6 mm
High Steppe * > 3000 m 5 °C 24 °C ±20 °C 68 mm
* South American Monsoon (Austral Summer)
*
Cloudiness in the Región de Antofagasta
8/15
Antofagasta
Calama San Pedro de Atacama
PSDA
[Ministerio de Energía 2011]
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
Irradiation in Región de Antofagasta
9/15
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
[Ministerio de Energía 2011]
Antofagasta
2120 kWh/m2 yr
PSDA2500 kWh/m2 yr
Calama
2630 kWh/m2 yr
San Pedro de Atacama
2610 kWh/m2 yr
10/15
Antofagasta in the Global Solar Resource Map
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
Atacama Desert
>2 500 kWh/m2 (GHI)
>3 000 sunshine hours
per year
Tasksof the CDEA radiometry area
Present of CDEA Radiometry Area
12/15
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
• Handling and maintenance of radiometric instrumentation• Validation and calibration of instrumentation.• Comparison of ground measurements data against models
derived from satellite data.• SOILING: Dust impact on optical properties (DLR)• Measurement of the atmospheric attenuation in solar
thermal tower plant (PSA-CIEMAT & UAL)
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
Dire
ct S
olar
Spe
ctra
l Irr
adia
nce
[W/m
2 nm]
[nm]
Spec2-a
Test
Outlook of CDEA Radiometry Area
13/15
• Solar Spectral Irradiance measurement campaign (SERC, USACH)
• Solar resource assessment at high altitudes for supplying power to astronomical observatories
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
• Surface temperature and radiative flux for CSP technologies
• Provide support for the different research areas
“If you want to walk fast, walk alone, if you want to walk far, walk together!”
African Proverb
Thank you for your attention
Aitor Marzo, CDEA-UAaitor.marzo@uantof.cl
Mauricio TrigoTania VarasAntofagasta, January 14nd, 2015
References
16/15
• Pitz-Paal, R., Geuder, N., Hoyer-Klick, C., Schillings, C., 2007. How to get bankable meteo data? DLR solar resource assessment.
• Wilbert, S. "Determination of Circumsolar Radiation and its Effect on Concentrating Solar Power.“ Ph.D. Thesis. Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, DLR, 2014. Print.
• Ministerio de Energía, Gobierno de Chile, 2011. Explorador de Energía Solar. 2014.• NASA. https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/sse/. 2013;2014.• GeoModel. http://solargis.info. 2014;2014.• Wolfertstetter, F., 2013. Reflector Soiling and Cleaning Methods. @ SFERA Summer School Hornberg, May 15th –
16th.• World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation.
7th ed. Geneva (Switzerland): Chairperson, Publications Board, 2008.• Ballestrín J, Marzo A. Solar radiation attenuation in solar tower plants. Solar Energy 2012;86:388-92.• Alxneit I. Measuring temperatures in a high concentration solar simulator – Demonstration of the principle. Solar
Energy 2011;85:516-22.• Marzo A, Ballestrín J, Barbero J, Cañadas I, Rodríguez J. Solar blind pyrometry not relying on atmospheric
absorption bands. Solar Energy 2014;107:415-22.• Ballestrín J, Marzo A, Cañadas I, Rodríguez J. Testing a solar-blind pyrometer. Metrologia 2010;47:646-51.
Antofagasta, 14-Jan 2015Aitor Marzo
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