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Pakistan Election 1937
By: Sehrish Shahid
Elections, 1937
The elections were held in January and February of
1937.congress won the absolute majority in the five
provinces and was the largest province in four other. It
was invited to united provinces, the central provinces,
Bihar, Orissa, madras, Bombay and later, Assam and the
three remaining provinces(Punjab, Sindh and Bengal)
where there was a Muslim majority ,the league did not
fare well. it won only 109 out of 482 seats while on the
other hand congress won huge number of votes, however,
which seats reserved for Muslims. The election had not
been a success for the muslin league
Election Results
The final results of the elections were declared in
February 1937. The Indian National Congress
emerged in power in all the provinces except for three
- Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh. The All-India Muslim
League failed to form the government in any province.
The Congress ministries resigned in October and
November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord
Linlith gow's action of declaring India to be a
belligerent in the Second World War without
consulting the Indian people.
• Madras Presidency legislative assembly
election, 1937 and Madras Presidency
legislative council election, 1937
• In Madras, the Congress won 74% of all
seats, eclipsing the incumbent Justice
Party (21 seats).
Madras Presidency
• Sindh legislative assembly election, 1937• The Sind Legislative Assembly had 60
members. The Sind United Party emerged the leader with 22 seats, and the Congress secured 8 seats. Mohammad Ali Jinnah had tried to set up a League Parliamentary Board in Sindh in 1936, but he failed, though 72% of the population was Muslim.[2] Though 34 seats were reserved for Muslims, the Muslim League could secure none of them.[3]
Sindh
United Provinces
The UP legislature consisted of a Legislative Council of 52 elected and 6 or 8 nominated members and a Legislative Assembly of 228 elected members: some from exclusive Muslim constituencies, some from "General" constituencies, and some "Special" constituencies.[4] The Congress won a clear majority in the United Provinces, with 133 seats, [5] while the Muslim League won only 27 out of the 64 seats reserved for Muslims.[6]
In Assam, the Congress won 33 seats out of a total of 108 making it the single largest party, though it was not in a position to form a ministry. The Governor called upon Sir Muhammad Sadulla, ex-Judicial Member of Assam and Leader of the Assam Valley Muslim Party to form the ministry.[7] The Congress was a part of the ruling coalitio
Assam
• Bombay Presidency elections, 19
• In Bombay, the Congress fell just short of
gaining half the seats. However, it was
able to draw on the support of some small
pro-Congress groups to form a working
majority. B.G. Kher became the first
Chief Minister of Bombay
Bombay
• In three additional provinces, Central Provinces, Bihar, and
Orissa, the Congress won clear majorities. In the
overwhelmingly Muslim North-West Frontier Province,
Congress won 19 out of 50 seats and was able, with minor
party support, to form a ministry.[8
• The Unionist Party under Sikander Hyat Khan formed the
government in Punjab with 67 out of 175 seats. The Congress
won 18 seats and the Akali Dal, 10.[9] In Bengal, though the
Congress was the largest party (with 52 seats), The Krishak
Praja Party of A. K. Fazlul Huq (with 36 seats) was able to
form a coalition government.
Other provinces
• The election results were a blow to the League. After the election, Muhammad Ali Jinnah of the League offered to form coalitions with the Congress. The League insisted that the Congress should not nominate any Muslims to the ministries, as it (the League) claimed to be the exclusive representative of Indian Muslims. This was not acceptable to the Congress, and it declined the League's offer
The Muslim League
• The Muslims league did not do will in the elections
of 1937 because of three reasons
• Because of Jinnah’s voluntary exile
• Because of less experienced leaders and the last
• Because of less political amongst people
Reason behind Muslim league bad
performance in election 1937
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