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Ch. 10-America Claims an Empire
• Section 1-Imperialism and America
• Section 2-The Spanish American War
• Section 3-Aquiring New Lands
• Section 4-America as a World Power
Key Terms
• Imperialism
• Militarism
• Nationalism
• Diplomacy
• Spheres of influence
• Protectorate
• Arbitration
Old Diplomacy
• 1. Noninterventionist• - the US did not intervene in foreign affairs,
especially Europe’s• 2. Isolationist• - the US acted alone in foreign affairs as
compared to working with other nations• 3. Passive and reactive• - the US waited for events to occur and
then acted accordingly• 4. Weak army and navy
New Diplomacy
• 1. Imperialistic• - going out and conquering territory to create an
empire• - Alfred Mahan(look up), Henry Cabot Lodge,
Teddy Roosevelt• 2. Stronger army and navy• 3. Interventionist – especially in Central and South
America• - becoming more involved in other countries
affairs• - Monroe Doctrine(look up)• 4. Strong nationalism• - having strong pride and confidence in one’s
country
Ch. 10.1 Imperialism and America
• Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
• Which countries were the most powerful in 1900?
• Great Britain• Germany• France• Austria-Hungary• Italy• Russia• United States• Ottoman Empire-
Turkey)• Japan
Middle East Before WWI(1914)
Middle East After 1920
Latin America-1800-Most countries were independent by 1830
Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
• Brings military power and prestige to your country
• Naval bases and refueling stations• $$$$-For natural resources as well as opening
new markets to sell your goods(trade)• Belief in cultural superiority-White Man’s Burden
-McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them." -Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers” on the Philippines
Taking Alaska and Hawaii
• Fifteen-twenty minutes to research your topic
• Put info into the Wallwisher website:
• http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/alaskaus
• http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/hawaiius
• Be ready to share your findings.
• Once done, embed each Wall into your daily blog.
Queen Liliuokalani-Last Queen of Hawaii-1893
August 12, 1898
Ch. 10.2-The Spanish American War
• By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire– Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a
few colonies in Africa(Morocco and Western Sahara)
• The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time– US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
• Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently(1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
Jose Marti
General Valeriano Weyler
What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain? • 1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between
Spain and the Cubans• 2. The conflict was described by Senator
Redfield Proctor of Vermont as “bloody and brutal”
• 3. Newspapers (Yellow Press-particularly those owned by William Randolph Hearst) reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler
• The New York Journal reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"
• American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation.
The Yellow Press
• Instigated the war
• United the general public to want war with Spain
• Made people feel sorry for the Cubans
William Randolph Hearst
Hearst Castle
Joseph Pulitzer
The Yellow Kid
President William McKinley
Enrique Dupay de Lome
De Lome Letter
• ...McKinley is weak and catering to the rabble and, besides, a low politician who desires to leave a door open to himself and to stand well with the jingos of his party."
USS Maine
USS Maine after explosion
Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
• The USS Maine sinking
• The Yellow Press
• Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps
• The De Lome Letter
• Jose Marti’s destruction of US property in Cuba-making it look as thought Spain did it
Teller Amendment
• Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US
Fronts in the Spanish-American War
• Philippines
• Cuba
• Puerto Rico
Commodore George Dewey
Battle of Manilla Bay
Emilio Aguinaldo
Admiral William Sampson
Rough Riders
Rough Riders
Teddy Roosevelt & Leonard Wood
John Hay “A Splendid Little War”
Treaty of Paris-1898
• Brought an official end to the war
• Spain gave Cuba independence(kind of)
• US got control of the Philippines($20 million), Guam and Puerto Rico
Misc.
• The US Army was not prepared to fight this war-The Navy was excellent!
• Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war-Only 385 battle deaths-2500 died due to disease
• Lasted April 25 – August 12, 1898
• The US became an empire for the first time in our history
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