Medical gas supply.pipelines and cylinders
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pipe lines and cylinder for medical gas supply
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- 1. MEDICAL GAS SUPLY: CYLINDERS & PIPELINE PRESENTED BY
:DR. SAURAV
- 2. COMPONENT OF MEDICAL GAS CYLINDRES
- alloys added for strength.
- Aluminum cylinders are MRI compatible
- filled and discharged through a valve
- 3. Different cylinder valve
- 4.
- 5.
- stem is sealed by resilient packing such as Teflon ,
- a diaphragm separated the stem from the seat.
- # can be used fully using a one half to three quarters
turn
- 6.
- 7.
- 8.
- the point to exit for the gas.
- closes the valve by sealing against the seat. When the valve is
opened, the stem moves upward, allowing the gas to flow to the
port
- 9. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES
- acts when excessive pressure is build up.
- 10. PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
- recluse or prevent discharge of the cylinder contents after
normal pressure have been restored.
- 11.
- receives the retaining screw of the yoke.
- 12. NONINTERCHANGEBLE SAFTEY SYSTEMS
- 13. PIN INDEX SYSTEM OXYGEN 2,5 NITROUS OXIDE 3,5 CYCLOPROPANE
3,6 AIR 1,5 NITROGEN 1,4 NITROUS+OXYGEN 7
- 14. Valve outlet connection for large cylinders
- 15. SIZE OF CYLINDERS
- Cylinder classified using a letter code
- A type cylinders are smallest
- SIZE E is the cylinder most commonly used
- 16. TYPICAL MEDICAL GAS CYLINDRES, VOLUMES, WEIGHT cylinder
size dimension weight (ib) Air CO2 oxygen Nitrous oxide B 3 1/2 x
13 5 370 200 D 4 1/2 x 17 11 375 940 400 940 E 41/4 x 26 14 625
1590 660 1590 M 7 x 43 63 2850 7570 3450 7570 G 8 1/2 x 51 97 5050
12300 13800
- 17. CONTENTS AND PRESSURE
- 18. CONTENT AND PRESURE
- 19. TESTING
- Strips are cut longitudinally from the cylinder and stretched
until they elongated The yield point should not be less than15 tons
per square inch
- One cylinder is kept between two compression blocks and then
oressure is applied to flatten it til distance of becomes six times
the thickness of walls.
- Three longitudinal and three transverse strips from a finished
cylinder are taken and struck by a mechanical hammer .The mean
energy needed to produce a crack should not be less than 5 feet lb
for tranverse strip and 10 ft lb for longitudinal strip
- 20.
- A ring of 25 mm width is cut from that cylinder and equally
divided into four strips.each strip is than bent inward until the
inner edge are apart not greater than the diameter of the strip.
The approved cylinder should not develop any crack
- Hydraulic test or pressure test
- The test is usually done by the water jacket method. here the
proof pressure applied inside is 236.2kgf/cm this test also
determines wether it is leak proof or not
- 21. FILLING
- DOT,s regulation limiting the amount of a gas cylinder may
contain
- The pressure in a filled cylinder at 21.c may not exceed the
service pressure marked
- The pressure in the cylinder at 55.c may not exceed 1.25 times
the maximum permitted filling pressure at 21.c
- In case of liquefied gas , the maximum amount of gas allowed to
be filled is defined by filling density .
- The filling density is the percent ratio of the weight of gas
in cylinder to the weight of water the cylinder would hold at
16.c
- 22. COLOR OF CYLINDER GAS USA INTERNATIONAL oxygen Green White
Carbon dioxide Gray Gray Nitrous oxide Blue Blue helium Brown Brown
Nitrogen Black Black air Yellow White & black
- 23. MARKING ON THE CYLINDERS
- DOT and TC regulation requires following specific marking on
cylinders :
- DOT and TC specification number to indicate the type of
material used in manufacture of the cylinder
- Service pressure of the cylinder in pound per square inch
- Serial number and identifying symbol of the purchaser , user or
manufacturer
- 24. MARKING ON THE CYLINDERS
- The initial qualifying test date with an identifying mark for
the testing facility
- Retest date and testing facility
- A five pointed star stamped after the most recent test
date
- A plus sign if cylinder can be charged up to 10% in excess of
the marked service pressure
- 25. RULES FOR SAFE USE OF CYLINDERS
- Cylinders should be handled only by trained person
- Cylinder valves, regulator. Gauges, and fitting should never
come into contact of oils , greases , organic lubricants etc
- Cylinders should not be subjected to extreme of
temperatures
- Connection to piping , regulator, and other equipments should
always be kept tight to prevent leakage
- 26. RULES FOR SAFE USE OF CYLINDERS
- No part of the cylinders should be tainted , painted or
modified by users
- A cylinder should never come into contact of electricity
- Before use ,cylinder should be identified by the label. The
color of the cylinder should not be relied upon for
identification
- Only DOT or ICC approved cylinder should be used
- A pressure regulator should always be used
- 27.
- Before any fitting is applied to cylinder valve , the valve
should be opened slowly and briefly to remove dust or any other
particle ( cracking)
- A sealing washer or gasket in good condition should always be
used with small cylinder valve . If more than one seal is used the
pin on yoke may not extrude far enough to engage mating whole or
safety pin index
- 28.
- A cylinder valve should be opened slowly ,because if gases
passes quickly into the space between valve and the yoke or the
regulator , the rapid recompression in this space will generate
large amount of heat .because there is no space for dissipation of
heat , this constitutes an adiabatic process. Particle of dust,
grease, etc present in that space may be ignited by the heat
causing a flash fire or explosion.
- 29. STORAGE
- A definite area should be designed to store the cylinders
- The storage area should be clean , cool and made of fire
resistant materials with adequate ventilation
- Cylinder containing flammable gases should not be stored in an
enclosure containing oxidizing gas
- Combustible material should not be kept near cylinder
containing oxygen or nitrous
- Small cylinders are best stored upright or horizontally in bins
or racks
- There should be a system of inventory for both empty and full
cylinders
- 30. HAZARDS
- Contamination of cylinder content
- 31.
-
-
-
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- MEDICAL GAS PIPELINE SYSTEMS
- 32.
- Piping extending to location where gas supply is required
- 33.
- 34. Manifolded cylinders
- 35. Source of gases
- Gaseous supply( G or H type )
- Liquid supply ( when large amount of oxygen is required , it is
less expensive and more convenient to store )
- 36.
- Definition : It is defined by NFPA as , regardless its sources,
has no detectable liquid hydrocarbon, less than 25 ppm gaseous
hydrocarbon , less than 5mg/m3 of particulates of 1 micron size or
greater at normal atmospheric pressure and a dew point of less than
4 c
- 37.
- Manifolded cylinders with a proportioning device which mixes
gases from oxygen and nitrogen cylinders
- Motor driven air compressor
- 38. PIPED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
- Main lines pipe connecting the source to riser or branches
lines or both
- Risers vertical pipe line connecting the main lines with branch
lines at various levels
- Branch line that service a room or rooms
- Oxygen pipe lines have inch outer diameter and that of other
gases is 3/8 inch diameter
- 39. TERMINAL UNITS
- This the part of the terminal unit that attached to the
pipeline distribution system
- Primary valve( automatic shut off valve, self sealing device,
primary check valve)
- opens and allows gas to flow when male probe is inserted and
closes automatically when the connection is broken
- 40.
- ( shut off valve, maintenance valve)
- is designed to shut off when primary valve is removed for
cleaning or servicing
- 41. GAS SPECIFIC CONNECTION POINT( SOCKET ASSEMBLY)
- Threaded DIAMETER INDEX SAFTEY SYSTEM
- PROPRIETARY QUICK CONNECTOR
- 42. DIAMETER INDEX SAFETY SYSTEM
- 43.
- Allows apparatuses to be connected or disconnected by a single
action
- Each quick connector consist of a pair of gas specific male and
female part
- A releasable spring mechanism locks the components
together
- 44.
- connection between terminal units and the ventilator or
anaesthesia machine
- color coded and have the name and chemical symbol of the
gas
- 45.
- 46. Wall mounted terminal unit
- 47. Testing of medical gas distributing system
- After the pipelines have been installed , but before the
installation of terminal units, the line must be blown clear using
oil free dry nitrogen
- Each section of piping system must be subjected to 1.5 times of
working pressure ( minimum1034 kpa) with oil free nitrogen with
source valve closed. It is maintained and each join has been
checked for leakage
- 48.
- after all the component of the system have been installed , the
entire system is subjected to 24 hours standing pressure at 20%
above the normal operating line pressure
- to remove particulate matter , intermittent purging is done in
every outlet ,until no discoloration on a white cloth held over the
outlet
- test for cross connection
- to ensure that gas delivered at each terminal is that shown on
the outlet label. One gas system is tested at a time
- 49.
- to ensure that oxygen , nitrogen, and air outlet deliver
100L/min without a pressure drop of no more than 35 kpa at a static
pressure of 345kpa
- 50.
- Operational pressure test
- Piping system for gases other than nitrogen must maintain the
pressure at 345kpa 35 .piping system of nitrogen must maintain a
pressure at 1100 kpa
- Air source must be analyzed for dew point, carbon monoxide,
gaseous hydrocarbon etc
- 51. PROBLEMS WITH THE PIPING SYSTEM
- Causes: damage of any part, compressor failure, leaks, closure
off shut off valve , obstruction, kinking of hose etc
- May hazardous if oxidizing gases are allowed accumulate in a
closed room
- 52.
- Causes, most commonly failure of regulator, ice formation
- Failure, absence or disconnection
- 53.
- can be serious problem when a new pipeline is opened