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REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGY
2
3
Sector Subtopic Objectives
Built
Environment
Development, Green
Infrastructure, Tree
Canopy
1) New development/redevelopment designed to adapt to climate
impacts (heat, precipitation, etc.)
Development 2) Redevelopment located outside of the highest hazard areas
Natural
Resources
Protection 3) Natural functions of ecosystems, shorelines and critical habitat
areas will be restored
Management 4) Conserve and manage habitats to support healthy fish, wildlife
and plant populations and ecosystem functions
Restoration 5) Restore ecosystem processes to increase capacity to adapt
Coastal Zone Protection, Storm
Assessment
6) Coastal areas resilient to climate change impacts
Key
Infrastructure
Energy,
Water/WW/SW,
Transportation,
Green Infrastructure
7) Resilient transportation, water/wastewater, and energy
infrastructure
Roads & Crossings 8) All existing tide and flood control structures assessed for flood
control capacity
Local Govt./
Economy
Asset Management,
Capacity
9) Local and regional asset management preparation and
monitoring
Human Health &
Welfare
Vector Diseases,
Vulnerable
Populations
10) A public protected from extreme climate change health
impacts, with particular focus on vulnerable populations
Implementation Strategies
4
Hierarchy:
14. Strategy (Regional Climate Change Adaptation)
14.A. Sub-Strategy
14.A.1) Recommendation
14.A.1) a. Implementation Measure
Source: Penney, 2008
ADAPTATION = increasing resiliency and
reducing vulnerability of our natural and built
systems to best prepare for changing conditions
Keep Development Out of Floodplains
Source: Carrie Banks, MA Division of Ecological Restoration
Coastal Wetland Migration
Open Space Planning
Regulations / Zoning
Interdepartmental Coordination
Design Guidelines
Transfer of Development Rights
Easements
Repurposing
Source: Prudent Baby
Work Together!
Plan with Nature in Mind
Master Planning
Lake Ontario Park Master Plan: Habitat and Natural Areas Plan
Natural Resource Protection Zoning
Single Family: Open Space Reserved = 0 Cluster: OSR 30%
Conservation: OSR 50% NRPZ: OSR 80%
Zoning in High Hazard Areas
Shoreline Protection Law
(Adapted from ME Shoreline Zoning Handbook)
Wetlands
Resources: • http://www.co.lancaster.pa.us/toolbox/
• http://www.town.duxbury.ma.us/public_documents/DuxburyMA_Conservation
Set-backs
Kauai Shoreline Ordinance
Setback Related to Lot Depth:
Average Lot Depth (Feet) < 100
or less
101 –
121
121 -
140
141 –
160
161 -
180
181 -
200
>200
Min. Setback (Feet) 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Setback Related to Building Footprint:
Building Footprint Less than or equal to
5000 sq ft
Greater than 5000 sq ft
Setback (feet) 40’ plus 70 times the
annual coastal erosion
rate
40’ feet plus 100 times the
annual coastal erosion rate
Elevation of the lowest floor two feet above the Base Flood Elevation
Walls that are “substantially impermeable to the passage of water” (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Flood Proofing Regulations).
Redevelopment/Building Guidelines
Source: LA Storm Smart Coasts
Rolling
Easements
Source: Georgetown Law; Harrison Inst. For Public Law
Yes It
Can Be
Done!
Receiving area = lot w/in
Residential A or B – w/ municipal
water& sewer
Transfer of Development Rights
Falmouth, MA
Integrated Water Management
Aquatic Restoration
Green Infrastructure
Water Conservation/Reuse
Source: Sustainable Water Management Wiki
Source: Australian Water Association.
Source: City of Portland, Environmental Services
Green Infrastructure
Conventional (Gray) Infrastructure Green Infrastructure
Singe function – carry waste and water; built for cars only; electricity from fossil fuels
Multi-functional - store and treat stormwater; aesthetically pleasing; provide wildlife habitat; electricity from wind, solar; multi-modality, etc.
Manufactured materials Manufactured and natural materials
Transports stormwater away from site Manages stormwater on site
Concentrates stormwater and pollutants Naturally treats and disperses stormwater and pollutants
Roads built for cars only Roads that accommodate bicycles and pedestrians, and often, have natural elements too.
Electricity from fossil fuels Electricity from multiple renewable energy sources
Cookie-cutter approach, no room for creativity or complementariness
Work well in tandem with and are complimentary to other types of infrastructure
Source: Janak, Germond et al. 2008
Green Infrastructure
Green Infrastructure
Could This be Boston …or Worcester?
Source: City of Philadelphia
Local Economy and Government
Ecological Resilience
Economic Vitality
Social Equity & Human
Health
Vulnerable Populations
Local Codes & Regulations
Do They Discourage or Promote Green Infrastructure / Low Impact Development?
Do they Agree/Conflict with Each Other?
Wetland Regulations
Stormwater Regulations
Zoning - Site Plan Review
Subdivision Rules and Regulations
MAPC’s Code Checklist: http://www.mapc.org/sites/default/files/LID_Local
_Codes_Checklist.pdf
Relax Parking Requirements
Utilize Right-of-Way & Reduce Setbacks
Permit use of Open Drainage Systems
Credits for On-site Retention, Infiltration, Evapo-transpiration
Zoning/Site Plan Review Incentives: • Fee Discount • Development Incentives • Rebates & Installation
Financing • Awards & Recognition
Programs
Proactive MA Communitis
• Chatham – zoning bylaw prohibits new residential units in mapped floodplains - designates ‘conservancy districts’ for land in 100-year floodplain; designates uses as permitted, needing special permit or are altogether prohibited
• Cape Cod Commission – model floodplain district bylaw prohibiting new development in V, no public infrastructure in V and A zones
• Boston – updating their hazard mitigation plan, looking into updating wetlands ordinance - all accommodating for CC
• Cambridge – vulnerability assessment
• Reducing Storm Risk in Developed Areas w FEMA $: Quincy & Scituate help property owners elevate homes/utilities; covers 75% of cost
THANK YOU!
Contact Info: Julie Conroy, AICP
Senior Environmental Planner MAPC
617-933-0749 jconroy@mapc.org
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