Cities Safer by Design - Guidelines For Safe Road Design for Cities

Cities Safer by Design: Guidelines for safe road design for cities

Bhubaneswar19th September 2016

Nikhil ChaudharySenior Project Associate – Urban Transport & Road Safety WRI India

Reported Traffic Fatality Rates in Selected Global Cities

Reported Traffic Fatality rate per 100,000 population

2. Chennai 4. Jaipur16. Indore23. Kolkata24. Delhi25. Bangalore34. Pune35. Surat36. Ahmedabad

Source: EMBARQ technical note (Welle and Li 2015)

Identify the vulnerable users

Cities Safer by Design

151

5

200

Children (<14 yrs) are killed everyday in road accidents in India

People are killed every hour in road accidents in India

Million people were seriously Injured or disabled in road accidentsin India in the past decade

Million people died in roadaccidents in India inthe past decade

3%Annual GDP loss to Indiadue to road accidents

Statutes to protect children on the road

Who Is Traffic Safety About?

7030

0

120

5600

Thousand + two wheeler riders died in the past decade

Thousand people can be saved every year with timely emergency medical care

Thousand + Vulnerable road users

killed in road accidents in the past decade

Thousand + people died in bus crashes from just 5 states in India in 2012

Thousand + pedestrians died in road accidents in the past decade

Who Is Traffic Safety About?

Traffic Safety for People First

Traffic Safety Across the Sections of the SocietyYouth: In India, 15-34 years accounted for 53.8% of the total road accident fatalities (NCRB)

The poor: People from lower socioeconomic backgrounds more likely to be involved in traffic crashes; Often live in areas with low-quality infrastructure (WHO 2003)

Elderly and the disabled: Age group of 35-64 years accounts for a share of 35.7% of road accident fatalities (NCRB)

Commuters and workers: Most workers spend anywhere from 30 to 60 minutes or more traveling to and from work

Customers: Research has shown that pedestrian and other crashes are associated with the location of retail land uses

Reducing Risk and Exposure: Creating a Safe System for All

Source: Rosen and Sander (2009).

Identify measures and contextualise them

Cities Safer by Design

Design Principles for Creating a Safe System for All

Design Principals for Safer Environments

Source: . Dumbaugh and Rae, 2009

Design principles

•Block lengths of 75 to 150 meters desirable for walkability•Provide midblock crossings, either signalized or using raised crossings or speed humps before crossings

Smaller block sizes aid speed reduction

Greater population densities can help support mass transit and nearby uses

Design Principals for Safer Environments Complementing population and Density Compact & connected Urban Design

Design principles•Density can be used with other community design elements to increase walking and cycling and reduce motorized travel..•Areas around mass transport stations and corridors can be targeted, especially those within a half-kilometer catchment area of stations.

Design Principals for Safer Environments

At commercial locations, transit points should be so located so as to set down and pick up passengers as close as possible to main destinations.

Design Principals for Safer Environments

• Vehicle travel in cities is most strongly related to accessibility to destinations, meaning that efforts to increase access to jobs, retail and public space can decrease vehicle travel and improve overall safety.1

Ease of access to destinations

Design Principals for Safer Environments

Source: OECD (2009)

Access to DestinationsDesign principles•Neighborhoods should be designed, considering a 0.5-km catchment area for all activities. •Complement with safe pedestrian and bicycle routes to nearby destinations•Provide residential densities that support local facilities

Measures to improve Road Safety Indian urban roads are unique in their challengesEach design element must function in coordination with others

Measures to improve Road Safety: Road diet Lesser lane widths for speed-calming and better capacityDesigning outside-in vs. inside-out

Measures to improve Road Safety: Road diet Lesser lane widths for speed-calming and better capacityDesigning outside-in vs. inside-out

Measures to improve Road Safety: Road Diet ‘Grey Zone’ between the roadway and sidewalks are often unused or occupied by haphazard parking/ vending

Retain existing median

Retain existing CC lanes

Proposed bus-stop/ taxi-auto stand/ trees/ utilities + Uninterrupted walkway 1.8m

Measures to improve Road Safety ‘Grey Zone’ between the roadway and sidewalks are often unused or occupied by haphazard parking/ vending

Measures to improve Road Safety

2m Footpath

2.5m MUZ

10 m Carriagewa

y

1.5m M

10 m Carriageway

2.5m MUZ

2m Footpath

Speed humps can reduce accidents by up to 50%,Ped. crashes increase by 6% for every extra 1 meter of crossing distance

Lesser lane-widths and MUZ allows for continuous clear walkways

Measures to improve Road Safety Pedestrian refuge area with bollards

Pedestrian crossings/ ramps with curb cuts

Channelization with holding area

Slip lane with speed-calming/ raised crossing

Continuous and wide footpath Lane balance

and alignment

Curb cuts with ramps and bollards at

property entry

Safe access to Public Transit

Median division for waiting area with protected refuge

island

Corner kerbs Minimum turning

radii with well oriented ramps

Optimised signal phasing with

protected phase for pedestrians

Wide refuge area with tapered carriageway

Shared streets to create speed-calmed zones •Enhanced paving, alternating pavers, and street furnishings within the street can be used with maximum speeds at most around 15 km/h.

Scale-up through a collaborative process

Cities Safer by Design

Aligning priorities with stakeholders

1 fatal accident2 fatal accidents>2 fatal accidents

Junction Locations No.CST Bridge Junction 4Kalpana Cinema 1Sheetal Cinema 1Kamini Signal 1Ghatkopar Police Station 1Opp. Water dept. 1Sarvodaya Hospital 1Godrej Gate 2 1Godrej Gate 1 1Gandhi nagar Junction 2Cine Vista Film Studio 1Kanjurmarg Station Jn. 3

Total 18

Mid-block Locations No.Old Agra Road Bus stop 1Naaz Hotel 1Mukund company 1Opp. Toyota Showroom 1Sainik Petrolpump 1Ghatkopar Police Station 1Roa Hotel 1Gopal Bhawan 2Sai baba mandir 1Vijay sales 1Kalpataru 1Mahajan Compound 1Vikhroli Bus Stop 1Hindustan Kohinoor Complex 1Hometown 2HCC Bus Stop 1

Total 18

Equal number of fatalities at both intersection and midblock black-spots

Kanjurmarg Station Jn.

Gandhi Nagar Jn

Hometown

Gopal Bhawan

CST Bridge Junction

Guru Nanak Nagar

Engaging with the city authorities

Engaging with the city authorities

Engaging with ward-level personnel

Engaging with the city authorities

Engaging with the city authorities

Engaging with the city authorities

Engaging with Traffic Safety experts

Engaging with the community & users

Engaging with the community & users

Engaging with the community & users

Multiple guidelines must complement

Multiple guidelines must complement

Multiple guidelines must complement

Road Safety Audit/Inspection/ Reviews

City Specific Policy/Guidelines

Insights from city authorities and the community

Implementing Cities Safer by Design

Implementing Cities Safer by Design

Implementing Cities Safer by Design

Thank you!

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