MODERN trends of GIS

SUBMITTED BY:

VAISHALI JAIN

SEMESTER – 1

MSC (TECH) ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

GEOINFORMATCS

WHAT IS GIS ??? GIS or Geographical Information System is a

computer system/program designed to capture , store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present all types of spatial geographic data.

BETTER UNDERSTANDING, INTEGRATION, APPLICATION AND MANIPULATION OF GIS DATA WITH OTHER FIELDS TO DEVELOP NEW TECHNOLOGIES/SOFTWARES AND FEATURES.

USE OF DIGITAL DATA

MODERN GIS TECHNOLOGIES USE DIGITAL FORM DATA

DATA CREATION- By DIGITIZATION, where a hardcopy or survey plan is transferred into a digital form by CAD (Computer–aided Design)

Digital data involves overlaying of multiple layers

INCREASE IN DIMENSIONS Historic 2-D maps change into

contemporary 3-D maps

Along with longitude and latitude, vertical component i.e. elevation or depth is also included

3D VIEW OF A CITY SHOWING BUILDINGS AND FEATURES SUCH AS ROADS, PARKS ETC.

INTEGRATION OF GIS AND MULTIMEDIA

MULTIMEDIA GIS allows to incorporate not only spatial-temporal geographic information in image format but also multimedia geographic information in descriptive texts, scanned photographs, graphics, digital sound and video.

For example:

1. Telecommunication companies pursuing GIS as an interface to interact, entertainment, home shopping systems

2. GEOTUORISM – user is proposed to visit any site according to its interest ,need and knowledge

3. Special features such as environmental challenges for a particular geosites.

COMPARISON OF DIFFRERNT FEATURES OF DIFFERENT SITES USING GRAPHS,PIE CHARTS , IMAGES

GEOTOURISM-FAMOUS MONUMENTS OF A PLACE

INTEGRATION OF GIS & REMOTE SENSING Remote sensing stored data in raster format while GIS stored

data in vector format , but now modeling Is done by merging these two types of data

GIS tells about “where”

REMOTE SENSING tells about “what”

Does NOT only acquire process imagery but also combines with other spatial information to solve problems and create meaningful results.

Foundation elements of GIS comes from remote sensing : roads, buildings, water features, topography, terrain, soil, slopes etc.

INTEGRATION OF GIS AND WEB

Non-professional GIS users gain easy and fast access to location analyses data to assist in their day-to-day work.

Professionals can easily perform spatial operations such as geocoding and route networking.

GIS Web services allow: providing users one-stop access to location – based

information

Information available to all who need it ; researchers, administrations, businessmen, customers.

Time to time update and maintenance of data

GIS AND VIRTUAL REALITY 3D and 360⁰ panoramic scenes are reconstructed from

multiple image pairs

A software program was implemented for image processing, coordinate transformation, 3D surface modelling, data fusion, digital mapping, database management for the VRGIS

ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

STREET VIEW

VIRTUAL GLOBE

MOBILE GIS

MOBILE GIS extends INDOOR GIS manipulation to OUTDOOR WORK to collect, modify, measure the spatial data.

• GIS DATA SOURCESANY DATA

• iOS , ANDROID, WINDOWSANY CLIENT

• ON OR OFF-LINE AVAILABILITYANY TIME

• EASY TO USEANY ONE

LIST OF GIS SOFTWARES THERE ARE MANY OPEN SOURCE GIS SOFTWARES AVAILABLE

ON INTERNET WHICH ARE EASILY DOWNLOADABLE

ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System)

Capaware – A C++ 3D GIS Framework with a multiple plugin architecture for geographic graphical analysis and visualization.

Esri – Products include ArcMap, ArcGIS, ArcSDE, ArcIMS, ArcWeb services and ArcGIS Server