Air Pollution Prevention Management in Pakistan - Environmental Sciences

AIR POLLUTION PREVENTATION MANAGEMENT

Fazeel AhmedDanial Razzaq

Muhammad Zeeshan Azam Hammad Wazir Qureshi

Ali Hassan

Presentation Plan

• Air pollution • Causes of air pollution• Sources of air pollution • Air pollution side effects• How to prevent air pollution • Air pollution management in Pakistan

Pollution

• Presence of the dangerous and poisonous substance in the atmosphere that badly effects the environment

Air Pollution• It is a broad term applied to all the

physical, chemical, and biological agents that may modify or change the natural characteristics of the atmosphere and the environment. 

Causes of Air Pollution•Particulate matter•Exhaust fumes•Carbon Gases•Filters air conditioning •Chemicals and toxic •Agricultural and construction industry.•Household chemicals

Greenhouse effectThe planet has been affected in current times with the greenhouse gasses which is detrimental to maintaining life and sustainable environment on earth. “Kyoto Protocol”, The Kyoto Protocol is a document signed by about 180 countries at Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997.The industries in Pakistan should also be involved; if one actually invests in projects and get carbon credit that is going to be credited on commodity exchange. It is the first environmental commodity of the world and the predictions of the World Bank are that this market is going to be somewhere in the range of 5 to 10 billion dollars a year on exchange on this carbon emission

Prevention Of Air Pollution (long Term)

• Pollution from factoriesThere is also pressure from the lenders; almost all the banks of

the world say that the industries that don’t meet the environmental criteria will not be given money.

• Cutting of forests We must also develop the strategy for carbon financing at policy

level. Through this mechanism the developed countries of the world are going to provide financial aid in this regard.

• Running of old vehicles on road• Exploiting IT technology for Environment Protection

• Take public transport or carpool!If you choose to take the car rather than the train or bus, for

instance, you will generate several times more ozone pollution• Walk or use the bike!45 % of the ozone precursors and 38 % of the particulate matter

emitted in Europe comes from transport. • If you have to use your car…!Make sure to have the right tyre pressure. If the pressure is down

by 0.5 bars, the car needs 5 % more fuel and also gives off more pollution

• Save electricity!Less electricity consumed means less power produced and fewer

pollutants into the air from burning of fossil fuels.

Continuation…

There are four main types of air pollution sources:•Mobile sources – such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains•Stationary sources – such as power plants, oil refineries, industrial facilities, and factories•Area sources – such as agricultural areas, cities, and wood burning fireplaces•Natural sources – such as wind-blown dust, wildfires, and volcanoes

Sources of Air PollutionThere are four main types of air pollution sources:•Mobile sources – such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains•Stationary sources – such as power plants, oil refineries, industrial facilities, and factories•Area sources – such as agricultural areas, cities, and wood burning fireplaces•Natural sources – such as wind-blown dust, wildfires, and volcanoes

Air Pollution Side Effects• Global warming and air pollution are two problems

caused by the combustion of fossil fuels.

• The burning of coal, oil and natural gas produces not only greenhouse gases but also a range of harmful air pollutants, including ozone, airborne particulates, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Kinds of air pollution-related symptoms such as:•Watery eyes•Coughing•Wheezing •Respiratory irritation •Trigger strokes

Long-Term Exposure to Polluted Air

• Accelerated aging of the lungs• Reduction of lungs capacity• Decreased lung function• Development of diseases such as asthma,

bronchitis, emphysema, and possibly cancer• Shortened life span

Air pollution Management in Pakistan

• Foundation of Pakistan Environmental

Protection Ordinance (PEPO)

• Projects importance in the light of

Ordinance

• Rename of PEPO to Pakistan

Environmental Protection Act (PEPA)

• The PEPA under section 12, states that any project (public or private sector), are required to prepare an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

• Policies have been made under supervision of Country’s law making authorities