Off-peak city deliveries - a socioeconomic analysis

Off-peak City DistributionSocio-economic analysis

Sönke Behrends, Chalmers University of Technology

Off-Peak City Distribution - Final Workshop6 December 2016, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm

Effect of congestion on emissions

Rigid truck, 18 tons, Diesel Euro VI

Purpose• to estimate the socio-economic effects of off-peak city distribution• travel time benefits for ’common traffic’• emission reduction: benefits for public health and ecosystems• Implications of noise nuisance

• estimate the relative importance of effects• estimate the relative significance of influencing factors

•Transferability of results

Method: Theoretical case study

CUTS Assessment Model

Transport chainsGPS data: project

traffic data: google maps

Emission dataHBEFA (2014)

VehiclesSize: from projectEngine: Diesel E-VI

External cost valuesRicardo-AEA (2014)

OUTPUTexternal costs

System boundaries:

Tank-to-Wheel

no loading/unloading

urban

suburban

rural

The cases

FTL: Lidl (280km)

LTL: M&S 1 (41km)LTL: M&S 2 (28 km)

Distribution of externalities – Daytime trips

Martin & Servera 1

Martin & Servera 2

Lidl

Distribution of externalities – Daytime trips

http://www.treehugger.com/cars/picture-worth-space-required-transport-60-people-car-uber-and-av.html

Sensitivity analysis – Congestion levels

-90% -87% -85%-79% -69% -63%

Martin & Servera 1 (and 2)

• Climate: -25%• Air pollution: -67%• Noise: +158%• No effect on safety

Lidl

• Climate: -3%• Air pollution: -17%• Noise: +160%• No effect on safety

Some general conclusions• Congestion cost dominate externalities •OHD significantly reduce externalities even at moderate congestion levels• Bigger effect on air pollution than on climate impact•No effect on safety

• Benefits at the cost of significantly higher noise impacts• can be mitigated by electrification

Sönke BehrendsChalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Technology Management of EconomicsE-mail: sonke.behrends@chalmers.seTel: +46 31 772 1323Twitter: @Goteborgerwww.urbanfreightplatform.se