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Overview of ET trends for Higher Education in Africa
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How might Educational Technology How might Educational Technology support support
Teaching and Learning in Higher Teaching and Learning in Higher Education?Education?
POSSIBILITIESPOSSIBILITIES
ObjectivesObjectivesProvide a conceptual framework for
thinking about educational technology choices
Exposure to a range of technologies used for teaching and learning purposes
Facilitate reflection on possibilities of appropriate use in the local context
To present a few possibilities which are on the horizon as well as those which are immediately available
A Cautionary NoteA Cautionary NoteEducational Technology will NOT solve all your problems
Time and money spent on technology and online teaching will be wasted unless interventions are driven by good educational design.
Behaviourism Cognitivism
Teaching Theory & Teaching Theory & TechnologyTechnology
4
Constructivism
e-Activities:
Discussion forumse-Mail contact
Productivity softwaree-Activities:
Rote based tutorialsOnline assessment
Online lecture notes
e-Activities:
Social interactionsOnline libraries
Online Chat Counselling
Learning InteractionsLearning Interactions
Anderson, T. (2003). Towards a Theory of Online Learning,
http://cde.athabascau.ca/online_book/ch2.html
Learning Interactions & Learning Interactions & ToolsTools
Anderson, T. (2003).
Five Challenges for Five Challenges for EducatorsEducators
Laurillard, D. (2001). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies. Routledge Falmer
Read Course MaterialsRead Course Materials
This used to mean the textbook and prescribed readings …
But now we can also use…
Read Course MaterialsRead Course MaterialsElectronic Text Files: Downloaded
to either an electronic reader or computer. E-books, PDFs or MS Word files
Audio Files: Downloaded to either a computer, iPod or mobile phone.Podcasts or recorded lectures as
MP3 filesVideo Files: Downloaded to either a
computer an iPod or mobile phone as MP4 filesTeacher Tube / YouTube
Read Course MaterialsRead Course Materials
Both commercial and open education services are available to help students access top quality academic materials
Five Challenges for Five Challenges for EducatorsEducators
Laurillard, D. (2001). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies. Routledge Falmer
Explore within the Explore within the discipline?discipline?
This used to mean reading books and paper based journals but now there is a tsunami of online information.
How do we help students to deal with this?
Newsfeeds & RSS!Newsfeeds & RSS!
Newsfeeds mean that you no longer need to come to a web page to see what’s new. Instead you can gather all of this in one place and click through to what interests you
Explore: Discipline Specific Explore: Discipline Specific PortalsPortalsSometimes Subject Based Information Gateways are more useful than general web searches e.g Intute offers portals for a wide range of disciplines.
Explore: Open AccessExplore: Open Access
There is a wealth of information available as Open Educational Resources and as Open Access Research including resources from many of the world’s top universities.
Five Challenges for Five Challenges for EducatorsEducators
Laurillard, D. (2001). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies. Routledge Falmer
Engage in Learning Engage in Learning Conversations?Conversations?
This used to mean a discussion in a tutorial or lab session or individual consultations
but now new technologies offer a richer experience..- Online discussions- Online chats- Blogging- Text messages- e-Mail
Qualities of ConversationQualities of Conversation
All the qualities that we associate with deep face to face learning conversation can be taken online. These include excitement, discovery, trust, intense listening and flow. As in face to face interaction this requires good facilitation. What’s different is the effective use of the online environment to provide conversational spaces and tools.
Conversation: BlogsConversation: Blogs
strong authorial voice separation of content from appearance easy to start easy updating, listing of postings from most to least
recent collection of recommended links Newsfeeds/ RSS
Conversation: ForumsConversation: Forums
Five Challenges for Five Challenges for EducatorsEducators
Laurillard, D. (2001). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies. Routledge Falmer
Practicing SkillsPracticing SkillsThis used to mean mostly drill and
practice of standard techniques , but now electronic tools can provide a richer experience ....
Interactive spreadsheetsSimulationsRole PlayGames
How can we facilitate student learning of skills and techniques with real world application?
Skills: SpreadsheetsSkills: Spreadsheets
Example of an Excel based exercise on metal fatigue that runs on a local network at UCT’s Engineering depart.
Skills: SimulationsSkills: Simulations
Internet based simulation on chemical reactions and a virtual microscope from Colorado University http://phet.colorado.edu/simulations/sims.php?sim=Reactions_and_Rates
Skills: SimulationsSkills: Simulations
Virtual microscope used at University of Delaware
Five Challenges for Five Challenges for EducatorsEducators
Laurillard, D. (2001). Rethinking University Teaching: A Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies. Routledge Falmer
ProducingProducingStudents must be able to produce
knowledge in forms such as reports, models, performance or media....
The newer tools include collaborative writing environments and specialist production software to support flexibility and creativity
Producing: WikiProducing: Wiki
Producing: Specialist Producing: Specialist SoftwareSoftwareOften students will need to use specialist software to develop and show professional skills e.g. CAD software for architects, film editing software for Film and Media students in a production stream.
Interaction SummaryInteraction Summary
Online Learning Online Learning EnvironmentsEnvironments
OLE act as containers/ toolkits/ integrators for many of the electronic tools highlighted
Learning Management Systems (LMS) / Virtual learning Environments (VLE)
Institutional choice: proprietary vs. open source?
- Blackboard (P)- Kewl (OS)- Moodle (OS)
Environments: Virtual Environments: Virtual WorldsWorldsIn countries with ample bandwidth many universities are starting to use virtual worlds such as Second Life for research and teaching
Next Generation Learning Next Generation Learning Environment?Environment?
Ali Jafari, Patricia McGee, and Colleen Carmean, Managing Courses, Defining Learning: What Faculty, Students, and Administrators Want
……and with low or no and with low or no bandwidth?bandwidth?
Everything on the local network – resources, software, online learning environments
Caching of websites for local use
CD-Rom/ DVDFlash memory
including generic (cheap) mp3 players
Mobile phones
ET Beyond e-ET Beyond e-Learning Learning Information Systems:
It is taken as a ‘given’ that the university is also supported by an electronic information system that provides accurate statistics:
AdmissionsStudent and staff recordsAccountsAcademic RecordsLibrary etc.
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