Unit 1 planet earth

Unit 1 - Planet Earth

Teacher Rocío González1º Bil

Let’s start!

Go to page 7 in your books.Read the text on page 6… and think about the questions in the following page.You have 3 minutes!

Why is the Earth called "the blue planet"?

The Earth is referred to as "the blue planet" because of the abundance of water on the planet. Over 70 percent of the Earth's surface is comprised of water, producing a vivid blue color when viewed from space.

Yuri GagarinYuri Gagarin was a Russian Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961.

Gagarin became an international celebrity, and was awarded many medals and titles, including Hero of the Soviet Union, the nation's highest honour.

What is a satellite?An object in an orbit is called a satellite. A satellite can be natural, like the Moon, or human-made. Artificial satellites collect images of the Earth and transmit information from one point on Earth to another. Satellite images are important in mapping, meteorology, environmental conservation, military intelligence and many other fields.

Ptolemy’s mapThe Ptolemy world map is a map of the world known to

Hellenistic society in the 2nd century. It is based on the description contained in Ptolemy's book Geography, written c. 150. Based on an inscription in several of the earliest surviving manuscripts, it is traditionally credited to Agathodaemon of Alexandria.

The continents are given as Europe, Asia, and Libya (Africa). The World Ocean is only seen to the west. The map distinguishes two large enclosed seas: the Mediterranean and the Indian (Indicum Pelagus).

1- The Earth and the Solar System

THE SOLAR SYSTEM (You can click here for more info)

The Earth and the MoonThe Moon's orbit around Earth.

Watch the video

The biosphere: life on Earth

The biosphere is the ecological system in which life exists.

The outer structure of the Earth

The Earth’s surface is made up of 3 parts: atmosphere, lithospheer and hydrosphere.

Time for activities

You can start now and you should finish at home if time is not enough for you…

● EXERCISES 5 & 6 ON PAGE 9.● THINK ABOUT IT, PAGE 9.

2- The movement of the Earth

Rotation and revolution

The seasons

What causes seasons?

● Exercises 1 to 5 on

page 10.

● Exercises 7 and 8 on

page 11.

● Exercise 7 on page

19.

3- How do we represent the Earth?

Main features of a map

What types of maps are there?

Physical maps

Physical mapsTopographic maps

Thematic maps

Political maps

Orientation - Cardinal points

Path of the sun

Compass

GPSThe Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The GPS system operates independently of any telephonic or internet reception.

● Exercises 4 and 5 on page 13.● Exercise 1 on page 18.

4- The geographic coordinates

Parallels and meridians

Latitude and longitude

Hemispheres

How do we locate places on maps? -Geographical coordinates

Activities● Practise more location while completing exercises 1 and 3

on page 15.● Make also exercise 5 on page 18 in your notebook.

5- How do we use scale on a map?

Graphic or bar scale

How do we represent scale on a map?

Numeric or written scale

1/100 -> 1 cm on the map is 100 cm on the

ground, so it is 1 metre.

1/2000 -> 1 cm on the map is 2000 cm on the

ground (20 metres)

ActivitiesPractise scale use with exercises 1 and 2 on page 16-17.

City map

Use a city mapFirst, go to page 20 in your book and practice with the exercises 1 and 2 in your notebook.

Then, we are doing a speaking practice with exercise 3.

TIME ZONES

Time zones

The Prime Meridian (Greenwich) is taken as reference to know the time in any place in the world. Using it we add one hour for each time zone that is moved towards the east and we subtract one hour for each time zone moved toward the west.

Activities

To practise about time zones, go to page 21, and answer the questions from exercise 1.

Practise

1. El punto A se encuentra localizado próximo a la ciudad de Seattle, Estados Unidos. Si en Seattle son las 2:00 am qué hora será en el punto B que está próximo a la ciudad de Santiago, Chile. ¿Qué hora será en el punto C cercano a El Cairo, Egipto?2. Por otro lado, si en El Cairo, Egipto (C) son las 7:00 pm, qué hora será en el punto D localizado en Atyrau, Kazajistán y en el punto E localizado en Sídney, Australia. ¿Es la misma fecha en todas las localidades?3. Si en Atyrau, Kazajistán son la 3:00 pm, qué hora será en Seattle, Estados Unidos o qué hora será Sídney, Australia.4. Si en el huso horario 0 son las 4:00 am, qué hora será en Santiago, Chile.5. Si en el huso horario +3 son las 4:00 pm, qué actividad deben estar haciendo los habitantes del huso horario -7. ¿Se acuestan a dormir en la noche o se están levantando temprano en la mañana para comenzar el día?