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As presented at the World Journalism Education Conference in Mechelen (July 2013)
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THE RISE OF
GUERRILLA JOURNALISM + implications for the education of
journalists
Hille van der Kaa Fontys University of applied sciences - Tilburg University DataJournalism @Hillevanderkaa h.a.j.vdrkaa@tilburguniversity.edu
Ranking Account Aantal retweets Code
1 HarenLive 11.644 Livestreaming
2 Koningin_NL 5611 Overig
3 Politie 4794 Autoriteiten
4 NSCommunicatie 4569 Autoriteiten
5 Voorlichter 4205 Autoriteiten
6 DutchSpeakwords 4156 Overig
7 frenkdeboer 3481 Overig
8 bartvanmerwijk_ 3470 Overig
9 UitgaansFeiten 3360 Overig
10 chrisklomp 3350 Overig
11 SwagZinnetjes 3045 Overig
12 Top_moppen 2931 Overig
13 PuberFact 2553 Overig
14 Raarstefeiten 2484 Overig
15 9GAGTweets 2351 Overig
16 OmaaMomentjes 2303 Overig
17 loesoetweets 2065 Overig
18 Slechte_grappen 2063 Overig
19 JohanDerkzen 2014 Overig/Bekend persoon
20 Twulpverlener 1949 Overig/organisatie
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Tegenspraak -‐ Som van RT @HarenLive:
Tegenspraak -‐ Aantal van id
social media
are blooming
type of event
presence
technical problems
other media
adapted by other media
success factors
There are many definitions of what citizen journalism is. They all consider the audience as producers, but the degree
of participation, the importance of technology and their roles differ.
(Jack, 2010)
Mainstream media are commercial, publicly supported, or government-
owned. Mainstream media are able to reach a large audience. From a
journalistic viewpoint the elite media set the framework in which other media
operate.
(Chomsky, 1997))
Citizen media take into account the collaborative nature of journalism now:
professionals and amateurs working together to get the real story, linking to
each other across brands and old boundaries to share facts, questions,
answers, ideas, perspectives.
(Jarvis, 2006)
citizin journalism?
‘not professional journalists’
disappear
mainstream journalism?
use of civilian and official sources
used as source by mainstream media
ability to brand themselves
GUERILLA
JOURNALISM
GUERRILLA MARKETING
• Guerrilla marketing is different than traditional marketing in that it often relies on personal interaction and has a smaller budget, and it focuses on smaller groups of promoters that are responsible for getting the word out. (Levinson, 1984)
GUERRILLA JOURNALISM is a term popularly used for different things.
Both mentioned in connection with
participation journalism such as citizen journalism, as well as a type of journalism
which makes hard to reach areas accessible. Others see GUERRILLA
JOURNALISM as beating the news with amateur gear.
GUERILLA JOURNALISM
beating the news with amateur
gear
hard to reach areas accessible
participation
GUERILLA JOURNALISM
• the initiative of an individual or small group of people, which quickly expands to reach a large audience, with a content regarded reliable by others. Guerrilla journalists operate in this case from a brand. The medium type has strong similarities to mainstream media. (Van der Kaa, 2012)
GJ works from a limited budget
A GUERRILLA INITIATIVE is often set up spontaneously, and the makers rely on the means they have available. GUERRILLA JOURNALISTS use free or low budget technologies for their marketing.
GJ can reach a large audience
GJ can grow explosively. The size of impact depends on the target audience. GJ can build a brand in a short time.
GJ is regarded a reliable player
A GJ medium is a reliable informant to other media players as well as consumers.
GJ has a spontaneous origin
A GJ initiative has many similarities to mainstream media. One big difference is that GJ has a short period of preparation.
GJ has a hit-and-run effect
A GJ initiative usually only exists as long as the news item it reports on exists.
GJ is focused on one event
GJ focuses on a specific event or subject. The GJ initiative monitors this subject for as long as it is current.
GJ isn't necessarily for profit
GJ makers start out of enthusiasm or a perceived necessity. They don't necessarily start to make profit.
GJ focuses on cooperation
GJ can use mainstream media as an instrument to grow even further.
GJ uses new technologies
New technologies allow GJ to grow. An online medium has more opportunities to make a large media impact than a piece of paper which needs to be photocopied before it can be spread.
media impact
Dutch?
the other way
around
other cases
guerrilla journalism
validation
spreadability
branding
change
current work in progress • Detecting corruption in public procurement data
using network centrality measures • How to validate a dataset? What social scientists
and datajournalists can learn from each other
Hille van der Kaa Fontys University of applied sciences - Tilburg University
DataJournalism @Hillevanderkaa
h.a.j.vdrkaa@tilburguniversity.edu
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