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Douglas W. Hamilton, Ph.D., P.E.
Associate Professor
Waste Management Specialist
Mixed and
Heated
effluentinfluent
Volume in ≈ Volume out
Bio
gas
Mixed and
Heated
effluentinfluent
Volume in ≈ Volume out
Bio
gas
Volume of Reactor
Volume Leaving Daily
HRT
Mixed and
Heated
effluentinfluent
Volume in ≈ Volume out
Bio
gas
Mass of Solids in Reactor
Mass of Solids Leaving Daily
SRT
Mixed and
Heated
effluentinfluent
Volume in ≈ Volume out
Bio
gas
SRT = HRT
~3% TS Manure
HRT = 18 to 20 days
0.22 to 0.25 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Fisher et al., 1979Schulte, et al., 1985Zhang, et al., 1990
“pull plug” barns
Sow Farm c Offsite Nursery
60 L per sow - day
< 1% TS Manure
Flushed Swine Manure
HRT = 60 daysSRT ~ 10 years0.16 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Cowley, 2015
Mixed and
Heated
effluentinfluent
Volume in ≈ Volume out
Bio
gas
SRT > HRT
Manure Inflow
Manure Solids
Manure Liquids
Solid – Liquid
Separator
Effluent OutflowRecycled
Effluent
Packed
Digester
Column
Biogas Recovery
Manure Inflow
Manure Solids
Manure Liquids
Solid – Liquid
Separator
Effluent OutflowRecycled
Effluent
Packed
Digester
Column
Biogas Recovery
HRT = 6 days
0.43 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Hashheider and Sievers, 1984
Biogas Recovery
Recycled
EffluentEffluent Outflow
Screened Manure Inflow
Sludge Blanket
HRT = 1 day~0.5 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Kalyuzhni et al., 1998
Biogas Recovery
Recycled
EffluentEffluent Outflow
Screened Manure Inflow
Sludge Blanket
MaManure Liquids
HRT = 2 to 5 day
0.48 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Cobb and Hill, 1989
Chen and Liu, 2002
Biogas Recovery
Recycled
EffluentEffluent Outflow
Screened Manure Inflow
Sludge Blanket
Manure
Inflow
Effluent
Outflow
Fill React Settle Decant
HRT = 5 days
0.46 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
Sung and Dague, 1995
Zhang et al., 1997
Angenent et al., 2002
Ndegwa et al., 2005
Manure
Inflow
Effluent
Outflow
Fill React Settle Decant
Hamilton and Steele, 2014
1.98 m
2.59 m
3.20 m
3.75 m
V3V2
V1
V4
P2 P3 P4
P5
ML Sampling
HE
Equalization Tank ASBR
Sludge Withdraw
Influent Sampling
Lift Station 1
P1
Flushed Manure
Lagoon Effluent
Decanted Effluent
400 m3
“Run of Farm” Conditions
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
20 Day HRT
400 m3
“Run of Farm” Conditions
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
20 Day HRT
Decant
20 m3 day-1
0.24% VS
400 m3
0.41% VS
“Run of Farm” Conditions
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
20 Day HRT
51 Day SRT
Decant
20 m3 day-1
0.24% VS
400 m3
0.41% VS
“Run of Farm” Conditions
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
20 Day HRT
51 Day SRT
Decant
20 m3 day-1
0.24% VS
400 m3
0.41% VS
0.55 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
“Run of Farm” Conditions
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
20 Day HRT
51 Day SRT
Decant
20 m3 day-1
0.24% VS
400 m3
0.41% VS
0.55 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
0.18 m3 CH4 m-3 reactor day-1
“Optimum” Conditions
Manure
19.8 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
5 Day HRT
341 m3
Lagoon Effluent
48.4 m3 day-1
0.03% VS
“Optimum” Conditions
Manure
19.8 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
5 Day HRT
26 Day SRT
Decant
68.2 m3 day-1
0.11% VS
341 m3
0.48% VS
Lagoon Effluent
48.4 m3 day-1
0.03% VS
“Optimum” Conditions
Manure
19.8 m3 day-1
0.64% VS
5 Day HRT
26 Day SRT
Decant
68.2 m3 day-1
0.11% VS
341 m3
0.48% VS
0.38 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
0.18 m3 CH4 m-3 reactor day-1
Lagoon Effluent
48.4 m3 day-1
0.03% VS
Correctly Sized Reactor
Manure
20 m3 day-1
0.30% VS
6 Day HRT
60 Day SRT
Decant
20 m3 day-1
0.09% VS
120 m3
0.54% VS
0.55 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS
0.70 m3 CH4 m-3 reactor day-1
Sludge
?
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
10/14/2010 10/28/2010 11/11/2010 11/25/2010 12/9/2010
Cu
mm
ula
tive G
as P
rod
ucti
on (l b
iog
as)
Date
0.5 % Vol/Vol Glycerol
Control
(405) 744-7089
dhamilt@okstate.edu
http://osuwastemanage.bae.okstate.edu/
YouTube: OSUWasteManagement
Twitter: OSUWasteManage
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