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Chapter 14
Special Populations
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chapter OutlineI. Juveniles and Violence
A. School Violence1. Shootings at Columbine High School2. Growth of School Violence
II. Mentally Ill Juvenile Offenders
III. Juvenile Drug OffendersA. Drug Use Among AdolescentsB. Drugs, Delinquency and
Juvenile Violence
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chapter Outline Continued
IV. Juvenile Sex OffendersA. The Progression of Aggressive
Sexual Behavior1. Paraphilia2. Other Characteristics of Juvenile
Sexual Offenders
V. Chronic Juvenile OffendersA. Characteristics of Chronic
Juvenile OffendersB. “Hackers and Crackers”
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chapter Outline Continued
V. Violent Juvenile OffendersA. Characteristics of Violent Juvenile
OffendersB. Hate Crime
1. Traditional Hate Groups2. The Christian Identity Groups3. The Survivalist and Militia Groups
VI. Juvenile Victimization and Exploitation
A. Child Abuse and NeglectB. Child PornographyC. Child PredatorsD. Child Prostitution
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
School Violence From 1989 to 2005 almost every state suffered an incident involving a school shooting.
3,930 students were expelled during the 1997-1998 school year for bringing a firearm to school.
Zero tolerance programs have improved school climate and student behavior.
The chance of becoming a victim in a school associated violent death is less
than 1 in a million.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
How Rampage Killers Differ From Typical Murderers
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Mentally Ill Juvenile Offenders
20% of all youths in the Juvenile justice system have serious mental disorders.
Many juveniles who are incarcerated have been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Most prevalent disorders are conduct disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and substance abuse disorders.
1/5 of all youth incarcerated suffer from a serious mental disorder.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Binge Drinking In Adolescents
Binge drinking is defined as the consuming of five or more drinks in a row.
Binge drinking tends to increase during adolescence and peaks in young adulthood.
About 10.4% adolescents ages 12-20 report using alcohol. Of those, 5.1 million were binge drinkers.
Binge drinkers are 8 times more likely to miss class, fall behind in school work, get hurt or injured, and damage property.
Binge drinking in high school is strongly predictive of binge drinking in college.
Binge drinking in college may be associated with mental health disorders.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Drugs And Delinquency General forms of drug use and delinquency are not causally related.
There is an erroneous misconception of the relationship between drugs and violence.
The drug street culture has dramatically changed.
Moat incidents of drug-related violence occur in deteriorated communities.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Juvenile Sex Offenders
Over ½ of all incidents of child molestation and 1/5 of all known cases of forcible rape are committed by juvenile males.
16% of the reported forcible rapes in the U.S. were conducted by juvenile male offenders.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Chronic Juvenile Offenders
Begin their “criminal careers” at a relatively young age and have persistent involvement in crime through adulthood.
Study in Philadelphia by Marvin Wolfgang, Robert Figlio, and Terrence Sellin.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
The Hacker Subculture
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Hackers
Do not meet the common profile of their chronic juvenile offender counterparts.
Relatively young, white males from middle- and upper-class environments.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Violent Juvenile Offenders
Violent offenses are those that produce physical harm, or the threat of harm, to victims.
Many youths who commit violent offenses start their offending early and eventually become chronic violent offenders.
From 1993 to 2003, the juvenile arrest rate for murder fell 77%.
Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Hate Crime A crime committed against an
individual because of his or her race, color, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, or disability
Three distinct categories:1. Traditional hate groups2. Christian identity
groups3. Survivalist and
militia groups
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