Spain in the 17th and 18th

SPAIN IN THE 17th-18th CENTURY

HABSBURG DYNASTY

BOURBON DYNASTY

L.O: AT THE END OF THIS UNIT…

• You should know the definition of key words and concepts in bold.

• You should know causes and consequences of the decline of the Spanish Empire in the 17th century and the main events in the 18th c.

• You should distinguish characters between Habsbourg and Bourbon dynasty.

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SPAIN IN THE 17th CENTURY• The Spanish Empire started a gradual economic

decline The Habsburg Dynasty.• Three main reasons:1. Expensive wars.2. Plagues and social problems.3. Dependence on gold and silver from

America.

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WARS in the 17th century • Spain was ruled by 3 Habsburg Kings: Felipe

III, Felipe IV and Carlos II.• They lost territories in Europe. (Portugal)• There were many wars over territory and

religion. The Thirty years’ war.• They delegated responsabilities to their válidos. Ex: Duque de Lerma or Conde-Duque de Olivares.

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PLAGUES AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS

REDUCTION OF POPULATION:• Many people died in wars. Famine, caused by

poor harvests and plagues, reduced the population.

• Others emigrated to America to find a better life.

• Moriscos were expelled from Spain because of their power: successful merchants and shopkeepers.

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GOLD AND SILVER FROM AMERICA

• The kings paid a lot of money to their soldiers.• It took a big part of gold and silver from

America.• In addition pirates, supported by England and

France, attacked Spanish ships to steal their goods.

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From the Habsburg to the Bourbon dYnasty.

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• Carlos II was the last of the Hasburg dynasty.• He died in 1700 without an heir.• Then, two royal families claimed the Spanish

throne:• The Austrian Habsburg and the French

BourbonThe Spanish War of

Succession(1700-1714)

FELIPE V• The war ending with the Treaty of Utrech.• The Bourbon dynasty started with Felipe V

replacing the Habsburg one.• In exchage, Spain lost some of its territories:• Netherlands and Italy to Austria and• Gibraltar and Menorca to the British.

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FELIPE V’s reign• He established a new form of government

called: absolute monarchy unlimited power for the monarch.

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ENLIGHTenMENt• The Enlightenment was a period that brought

important cultural changes in Europe during the 18th century.

• The centre in the Enlightenment was a belief in human reason over religion or authority.

• People wanted to improve their lives through education or involving in politics.

• In Spain, the Enlightenment coincided with Felipe V, Fernando VI , Carlos III and Carlos IV.

• https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_VI_de_Espa%C3%B1a

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CARLOS III’S REIGN• Carlos III modernized Spain. He created

hospitals, museums and botanical gardens.• Cities became more hygienic and safer with

water and sewage systems and street lightings and pavements.

• Streets became wider and he ordered to build many fountains and statues.

• Carlos III supported the development of industry, agriculture and trade.

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CAN YOU RECOGNISE THEM?

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