Section5

Cellular Structure and Function

Biology I Factoids

Factoid #41

• Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and include bacteria.

Factoid #42

• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Factoid #43

• The nucleus controls the cells activities and is where the DNA is located.

Factoid #44

• The endoplasmic reticulum transports substances throughout the cell.

Factoid #45

• Rough ER has ribosomes attached to it and smooth ER doesn’t have ribosomes attached.

Factoid #46

• The Golgi apparatus is the packaging center of the cell and looks like a stack of sacks.

Factoid #47

• The vacuole stores substances. It is LARGE in plants, but tiny or non-existent in animals.

Factoid #48

• The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration and is called the powerhouse of the cell.

Factoid #49

• Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis and converts water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high energy sugars.

Factoid #50

• The nucleolus is the dark spot inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes.

Factoid #51

• The cell membrane is made up of phosopholipids and separates the inside of the cell from the outside of the cell.

Factoid 52

• The cell wall is made up of carbohydrates and only found in producer cells.

Factoid 53

• The cytoplasm is the jelly-like interior of the cell where the organelles are found.

Factoid 54

• Ribosomes make proteins.

Factoid 55

• The cytoskeleton is a network of thin protein fibers that help the cell keep its shape and helps the cell move.

Factoid 56

• Plant cells have large vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell walls, but animal cells do not.

Factoid 57

• Animal cells have lysosomes, centrioles and small vacuoles, but plant cells do not.

Factoid 58

• A group of cells working together for a common purpose is called a tissue.

Factoid 59

• The four tissue types are epithelial, muscular, connective, and nervous.

Factoid 60

• A group of tissues working together for a common purpose is called an organ.

Factoid 61

• The heart, brain, lungs, and stomach are all examples of organs.

Factoid 62

• A group of organs that work together for a common goal is called an organ system.

Factoid 63

• The 11 body systems are:

Muscular, skeletal, digestive, respiratory, nervous, excretory, endocrine, reproductive, integumentary system, lymphatic system, and the cardiovascular system.

Factoid 64

• A group of organs systems that work together is called an organism.