Precision planter

PRECISION PLANTER

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• planter is an agricultural farm implement,which used to seeding or planting the growth part of the plants such as seedling,bulps,tubers.• The row space is adjustable in planter and separate unit

planter

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Planter classification1. On the basis of the power source

• Human-powered planters• Animal-powered planters• Tractor-powered planters

2. Based on the resultant planting pattern• broadcast planter• drill planter• precision planter• dibble planter• specialize planter

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Precision planters

• Precision planters accurately place single seeds or groups of seed almost equidistant apart along a furrow.• They are typically used to plant crops that require accurate control of

plant population, an spacing between and along the rows.• Crops in this category include almost all the horticultural crops

and field crops such as sorghum, maize, sunflower, soybeans and cotton

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• Precision seed metering systems giving a precision drill, hill drop or check row planting pattern are used on this type of planting machine.• Many of the crops requiring the use of precision planters are grown in

summer, are planted in wide rows and have individual seed boxes and associated seed meters for each row. • Accordingly, precision planters are often referred to as summer crop

planters, row crop planters or unit planters, respectively.

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PRECISION PLANTER• The precision planting resulting from the accurate placement

of single seeds or seedling or bulps or tubers in furrows at about equal intervals to give definite rows of almost equally spaced single plants• The planter which achive the precision planting patten through the precision seed metering mechanism is known as precision planter

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components of precision planter

• Soil-engaging components• Furrow opener depth control components• Precision seed metering devices• Seed delivery components.

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Soil-engaging components

• The functions performed by the soil-engaging components include opening the furrow, placing the seed, covering the furrow and firming the seedbed. It is classified as 7 groups• Soil and residue cutting devices• Row preparation devices• Furrow opening devices• Seed firming devices• Seed covering devices

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Soil and residue cutting devices:• Soil and residue cutting devices are primarily designed to cut soil

and/or residue in the row area withoutsignificantly disturbing the seedbed. • A vertically mounted disc coulter, drawn parallel to the direction of

travel, is almost universally used asthe soil and residue cutting device on planting machinery

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Row preparation devices :• Row preparation devices are primarily designed to alter surface

residue and/or soil conditions tofacilitate the operation of the planter’s furrow opening device or otherwise improve the prospects for crop establishment.• Row preparation devices may be used on flat, hilled or bedded

field surfaces and some incorporate theability to cut soil and residue

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Furrow opening devices:• The furrow opener is the specific device that opens the furrow into which the seed is placed. • The opener may incorporate or enclose a portion of the seed delivery system and/or the seed boot that facilitates seed placement in the furrow

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• Seed firming devices:• Seed firming devices are designed to press uncovered seed into the

soil at the base of the seed furrow to improve seed/soil contact. • While seed firming devices are commonly incorporated in the

design of specialised horticultural planting machines using a runner type furrow, their use in other applications has been largely confined to machines using a double disc coulter type furrow opener.

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• Seed covering devices:• Seed covering devices are specifically designed to promote soil

flow back into the furrow to cover the seed after placement and/or firming. • They play an important role in promoting and stabilising conditions

conducive to rapid seed germination and influencing seed emergence and establishment through the manipulation of the depth of soil cover over the seed.

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Precision seed metering devices• Unlike mass flow seed meters, precision meters attempt to meter single seeds. • While there is a large range of precision metering devices, most can be broadly classified as ‘plate’, ‘belt’,

‘disc’, ‘drum’ or ‘finger’ types.• Classification largely depends on the design and/or shape of the principle moving element that enables seed

singulation• Plate type precision seed meters• Belt type precision seed meters• Vacuum disc type precision seed meters• Pressurised drum type precision seed meters• Finger pick-up type precision seed meters

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Plate type precision seed meters

• Horizontal plate type precision seed meter• Inclined plate type precision seed meter• Vertical plate type precision seed meters• Air assisted vertical plate type precision seed meter• Brush assisted plate type precision seed meter

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Horizontal plate type precision seed meter

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Inclined plate type precision seed meter

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Vertical plate type precision seed meters

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Air assisted vertical plate type precision seed meter

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Brush assisted plate type precision seed meter

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Belt type precision seed meters

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Vacuum disc type precision seed meters

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Pressurised drum type precision seed meters

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Finger pick-up type precision seed meters

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Seed delivery components

• Seed delivery systems include those devices that convey the seed from the meter to the device that deposits the seed on the soil surface or in the furrow.

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