Plants Exam Review

PLANTSEXAM REVIEW

Plants are living things because they are born, eat, grow, interact, reproduce and die.

Plants are different from animals because:• Plants do their own food and animals eat other living

things.• Plants can’t move and animals can.• Plant are born from seeds or spores and animals are

born from eggs or from their mother’s womb.

PARTS OF THE PLANT

ROOTS

Hold the plant in the ground.

Absorb water and minerals for the plant.

Plants can have:Main and secondary roots -> there are roots

which are bigger than other ones.All the roots the same size.Edible roots -> roots that we can eat, like

carrots.

STEM

LIGNEOUS: Hard and thick. Like in trees and

bushes.

HERBACEOUS: Flexible and thin. Like in grasses and

some flowers.

BULBS: Grow under the soil. Like onions.

• Holds the branches and leaves of the plant.

• Transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

They are the part of the plant that does

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

There are two kinds of trees according to their leaves: DECIDUOUS: they lose

all their leaves in autumn.

EVERGREEN: they change their leaves little by little.

PARTS OF THE LEAF

LEAVES

Edge Petiole

Blade

Apex

Vein

KINDS OF PLANTS BY THEIR STEM

TREES

The highest part is the crown.

It is where the leaves, flowers and fruits grow.

The roots are deep, strong and

big.The bigger the

tree is, the bigger the roots

are.

The branches grow from

different places of the trunk.

They have a ligneous stem. It

is thick and strong.

They are the plants that live the longest.

BUSHESThey are smaller than trees.

They a have ligneous branches.

Hard and thick. All the branches grow from the same

spot.

GRASSES

They have a herbaceous

stem.

They don’t live for a long time.

They are small and have small

roots.

KINDS OF PLANTS BY THEIR USE

ORNAMENTAL

People use them to decorate houses, gardens, parks…

NUTRITIOUS

Food for living things.We can eat different parts from different plants: seeds,

fruit, leaves, roots, stem…

WHEAT ASPARAGUS PEAR

AROMATIC

People use them to give good smell and taste to foods.

ROSEMARY MINT

OTHER HERBS

They are harmful to other plants and they have to be removed from the soil.

They are harmful because they absorb the water and nutrients of the plants we use.

PLANTS FEEDING

PHOTOSYNTHESISThe plants do their food following these steps:

1st The roots absorb water and minerals (xylem sap).

2nd Xylem sap goes to the leaves.

3rd The leaves get carbon dioxide(CO2) and sunlight.

4th With the sunlight and the CO2 the xylem sap transforms into phloem sap (food prepared for the plant to eat).

5th The phloem sap moves around the plant to feed it.

RESPIRATION

During day time the plant absorbs carbon dioxide and expels

oxygen. This happens during photosynthesis.

During night time the plant absorbs oxygen

and expels carbon dioxide. This process is

called respiration.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

RESPIRATION

PLANTS REPRODUCTION

Flowers have the plants’ reproductive

organs.

• Calyx: group of small green leaves called sepals.

• Corolla: group of petals. It is around the reproductive organs.

• Stamens: male reproductive organs. They make pollen.

• Pistil: female reproductive organ. It has ovules inside.

Corolla

Calyx

Petal

Pistil

Stamen

Sepal

Ovules

FRUIT AND REPRODUCTION

When the pollen gets into the pistil the flower starts to change:

• The petals fall down and it transforms into a fruit.• The seeds are inside the fruit. Each seed can

produce a new plant.

Fruits can be 2 types:• Fleshy fruits: with a lot of water inside. They usually

have a lot of seeds.

• Nuts: with a hard shell and very little water.