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Openness and the Future
David WileyInstructional Psychology & Technology
Brigham Young University
Download These Slides
http://slideshare.net/opencontent/
Context
The societal superstructure is changing
Analog Digital
Music, Phones, TV, Newspapers,Movies, Journals, Communications,
Intelligence, Defense
Tethered Mobile
Phones, Internet Access,Employment
Isolated Connected
People, Content, Systems
Generic Personal
Cars, Computers, Mobile Phones
Consuming Creating
Radio / Podcasting, Newspapers / Blogs Movies / Vodcasting
Closed Open
Software (OSs, Applications), Content (Blogs, Wikis)
Then vs NowAnalog Digital
Tethered Mobile
Isolated Connected
Generic Personal
Consumption Creating
Closed Open
Education vs EverydayAnalog Digital
Tethered Mobile
Isolated Connected
Generic Personal
Consumption Creating
Closed Open
Characteristics of E-learning
Analog or Digital
Tethered or Mobile
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consuming or Creating
Closed or Open
Decimation
California State University system – 33%University of New Hampshire – 50%
Double digit cuts everywhere
Exploding Demand
From 120M to 250M+ in next 15 years
Nonrivalrous Media
New opportunities
Free Copy, Distribute, Edit
Technology enables us to share and educate as never before
Except We Can’t
© forbids copying, distributing, and editing
© Cancels the Possibilities
Of digital media and the internet
InternetEnables
What to do?
CopyrightForbids
Use copyright to enforce sharing
The 4Rs
Reuse – copy verbatimRedistribute – share with others
Revise – adapt and editRemix – combine with others
2003-05
2003-08
2003-11
2004-02
2004-05
2004-08
2004-11
2005-02
2005-05
2005-08
2005-11
2006-02
2006-05
2006-12
2007-03
2007-06
2007-11
2008-02
2008-05
2008-08
2008-11
2009-02
2009-05
2009-08
2009-11
2010-02
2010-05
2010-08
2010-11
2011-02
2011-05
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
300,000,000
350,000,000
400,000,000
450,000,000
Over 400 Million Items
The “Open” in OER, OCW, &c.
(1) Free (2) 4R permission
InternetEnables
OERAllows
Sharing and educating at unprecedented scale
OER = Content Infrastructure
Platform for education innovation
Informal Learning
Open, standards-based way to issue, manage, and display credentials
for ANY learning
Transcript 2.0
Fixes many problems with current transcripts
OBI = Credential Infrastructure
Platform for education innovation
Open Education Infrastructure
Democratizes innovation opportunities
OER
LearnAnything
Badges
IssueManageDisplay
Credentials
OER
LearnAnything
Badges
IssueManageDisplay
Credentials
Assessment?
Mind the Gap!
HUGE demand over the next 10 yearsEntrepreneurs are on their way
Anywhere, Free
If I can learn anywhere for free,and show my credentials anywhere for free…
Assess Anywhere, Free?
What does this look like?
1. Ubiquitous Assessment
“Assessment as Status Update”(Tweets, product and book reviews, etc.)
Ubiquitous Assessment
What kind of infrastructure does this require?
Ubiquitous Assessment
No one is working on this infrastructure
2. Leveraging Big, Messy Data
10s of 1000s of tiny data points per personspread across a year
User-generated items
Leveraging Big, Messy Data
What kind of psychometrics are needed to deal with this?
3. From Summative to Formative
The majority will be formative
At scale does formative function as summative?
From Summative to Formative
How will the role of high stakes assessments evolve?
4. Scaling Constructed Response
We can’t condemn next-gen assessment to selected response
Scaling Constructed Response
“Gamify grading”
Google’s ESP Game
A symmetric verification game
(Verbosity is an asymmetric example)
For Example, In Education
• Rubrics• Multi-person Review• Inter-rater Reliability Component• Sanity Sampling
Future Assessment?
Analog or Digital
Tethered or Mobile
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consuming or Creating
Closed or Open
Key Trends
Ubiquitous assessmentFrom summative to formative
Leveraging big, messy dataScaling constructed response
Expand Our Thinking
Beyond traditional educationBeyond traditional psychometrics
Beyond traditional assessment
Thank You
http://davidwiley.org/
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