Mood disorders-and-suicide

Mood Disorders

By: Christian Mike B. Tangonan BS Architecture 2-2

Mood Disorders Characterized by extreme and unwarranted disturbances

in feeling or mood.

Major disturbances in one’s condition or emotion, such as depression or mania.

Types of Mood DisorderMajor depressive disorder- marked by feelings of great sadness, despair, guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness.

Types of Mood DisorderSeasonal affective disorder (SAD)- depression comes and goes with the seasons.

Symptoms (Rosenthal, 1993): Oversleeping and difficulty of staying awake Fatigue Craving Inability to cope Social withdrawal

Types of Mood DisorderBipolar Disorder- involving both depression and mania or hypomania.

Types of Mood DisorderDysthymic Disorder- moderate depression that persists for two years or more.

Types of Mood DisorderCyclothymic Disorder- moderate manic and depressive behavior that persists for two years or more.

Types of Mood DisorderMajor Mood Disorder- marked by lasting extremes of mood or emotion and sometimes accompanied by psychotic symptoms.

Types of Mood DisorderBipolar I Disorder- a person has episodes of mania (excited, hyperactive, energetic, grandiose behavior) and also periods of deep depression.

Types of Mood DisorderBipolar II Disorder- a person is mostly depressed (sad, despondent, guilt ridden) but also had one or more episodes of mild mania (hypomania).

Types of Mood DisorderEndogenous Depression- appears to be produced from within (perhaps by chemical imbalances in the brain), rather than as a reaction to life events.

Suicide: A Waste of Life

By: Christian Mike B. Tangonan BS Architecture 2-2

SuicideIs taking one’s own life or killing oneself.

Patterns of SuicideSeason- more people commit suicide on New Year and on Mondays.Sex- women make more attempts but more men commit suicide.Age- suicide rates gradually rise during adolescence and sharply

increase during young adulthood.Income- suicide is an equal problem between the rich and the poor,

but medical and psychiatry professionals have higher than average suicide rates.

Marital Status General - the annulled have the highest rank, followed by the widowed. There are lower rate for single person, while married individuals have the lowest suicide rates.

Immediate Causes of Suicide (Gould et al., 1998; Hall, Platt, & Hall, 1999)

Drug or Alcohol Abuse Prior Suicide Attempt Depression or other mood disorders Feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness Anti-social, impulsive, or aggressive behavior Severe anxiety, panic attacks Family history of suicidal behavior Shame, humiliation, failure, or rejection Availability of a firearm

Common characteristics of suicidal thoughts and feelings (Shneidman, 1987b)

Escape- for suicidal persons, suicide is the ultimate escape. We should help them see that ending one’s life is not the natural escape from problems.

Unbearable psychological pain- suicide occurs when pain exceeds a person’s resources for coping with suffering

Frustrated psychological needs- suicide happens when psychological needs are felt beyond reach. Suicide can be prevented when a distressed person’s frustrated needs can be identified and eased.

Constriction of opinions- when a person feels helpless, his options are narrowed to committing suicide